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Gong S, Zhuo Y, Chen S, Hu X, Fan XX, Wu JL, Li N. Quantification of Osimertinib and Metabolite-Protein Modification Reveals Its High Potency and Long Duration of Effects on Target Organs. Chem Res Toxicol 2021; 34:2309-2318. [PMID: 34665607 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.1c00195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Covalent drugs are newly developed and proved to be successful therapies in past decades. However, the pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) studies of covalent drugs now ignore the drug and metabolite-protein modification. The low abundance of modified proteins also prevents its investigation. Herein, a simple, selective, and sensitive liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)/MS quantitative method was established based on the mechanism of a drug and its metabolite-protein adducts using osimertinib as an example. Five metabolites with covalent modification potential were identified. The drug and its metabolite-cysteine adducts released from modified proteins by a mixed hydrolysis method were developed to characterize the level of the modified proteins. This turned the quantitative objects from proteins or peptides to small molecules, which increased the sensitivity and throughput of the quantitative approach. Accumulation of protein adducts formed by osimertinib and its metabolites in target organs was observed in vivo and long-lasting modifications were noted. These results interpreted the long duration of the covalent drugs' effect from the perspective of both parent and the metabolites. In addition, the established method could also be applied in blood testing as noninvasive monitoring. This newly developed approach showed great feasibility for PK and PD studies of covalent drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilin Gong
- Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau 999078, China
| | - Yue Zhuo
- Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau 999078, China.,Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Shengshuang Chen
- Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau 999078, China
| | - Xiaolan Hu
- Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau 999078, China
| | - Xing-Xing Fan
- Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau 999078, China
| | - Jian-Lin Wu
- Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau 999078, China
| | - Na Li
- Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau 999078, China
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2
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Baldensperger T, Sanzo SD, Ori A, Glomb MA. Quantitation of Reactive Acyl-CoA Species Mediated Protein Acylation by HPLC-MS/MS. Anal Chem 2019; 91:12336-12343. [PMID: 31503451 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b02656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Recently discovered acylation by reactive acyl-CoA species is considered a novel regulatory mechanism in epigenetics and metabolism. Established analytical methods like Western blotting and proteomics fail to detect the plethora of acylation structures in a single analysis and lack the ability of absolute quantitation. In this paper, we developed an HPLC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous detection and quantitation of 14 acylated lysine species in biological samples. Extensive effort was invested into method validation resulting in recovery rates between 75 and 93% and levels of detection in the nanomolar range. Thus, we were able to quantitate 8 acylation structures in mouse liver, kidney, heart, and brain. Further enrichment by repetitive HPLC fractionation resulted in the quantitation of 6 additional acylation structures including 4 novel modifications: N6-acetoacetyl lysine, N6-isovaleryl lysine, N6-(2-methylbutyryl) lysine, and N6-tiglyl lysine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Baldensperger
- Institute of Chemistry, Food Chemistry , Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg , Kurt-Mothes-Straße 2 , 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Simone Di Sanzo
- Leibniz Institute on Aging-Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI) , Beutenbergstraße 11 , 07745 Jena , Germany
| | - Alessandro Ori
- Leibniz Institute on Aging-Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI) , Beutenbergstraße 11 , 07745 Jena , Germany
| | - Marcus A Glomb
- Institute of Chemistry, Food Chemistry , Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg , Kurt-Mothes-Straße 2 , 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
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McMillan A, Renaud JB, Burgess KMN, Orimadegun AE, Akinyinka OO, Allen SJ, Miller JD, Reid G, Sumarah MW. Aflatoxin exposure in Nigerian children with severe acute malnutrition. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 111:356-362. [PMID: 29175577 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Aflatoxin exposure is an important public health concern in sub-Saharan Africa as well as parts of Latin America and Asia. In addition to hepatocellular carcinoma, chronic aflatoxin exposure is believed to play a role in childhood growth impairment. The most reliable biomarker of chronic aflatoxin exposure is the aflatoxin-albumin adduct, as measured by ELISA or isotope dilution mass spectrometry (IDMS). In this report, we have used high resolution LC-MS/MS with IDMS to quantitate AFB1-lysine in an extremely vulnerable population of Nigerian children suffering from severe acute malnutrition. To increase the sensitivity and reliability of the analyses, a labelled AFB1-13C615N2-lysine internal standard was synthesized. AFB1-lysine concentrations in this population ranged between 0.2 and 59.2 pg/mg albumin, with a median value of 2.6 pg/mg albumin. AFB1-lysine concentrations were significantly higher in stunted children (median = 4.6 pg/mg) compared to non-stunted (1.2 pg/mg), as well as in children with severe acute malnutrition (4.3 pg/mg) compared to controls (0.8 pg/mg). The median concentrations were also higher in children with kwashiorkor (6.3 pg/mg) compared to those suffering from marasmus (0.9 pg/mg). This is the first report of the use of high-resolution mass spectrometry to quantitate AFB1-lysine in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy McMillan
- Centre for Human Microbiome and Probiotics, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Justin B Renaud
- London Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, ON, Canada
| | - Kevin M N Burgess
- London Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, ON, Canada
| | - Adebola E Orimadegun
- Department of Pediatrics and Institute of Child Health, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olusegun O Akinyinka
- Department of Pediatrics and Institute of Child Health, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Stephen J Allen
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - J David Miller
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Gregor Reid
- Centre for Human Microbiome and Probiotics, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Mark W Sumarah
- London Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, ON, Canada; Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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Teixeira D, Prudêncio C, Vieira M. Development of a new HPLC-based method for 3-nitrotyrosine quantification in different biological matrices. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1046:48-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 12/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Sabbioni G, Turesky RJ. Biomonitoring Human Albumin Adducts: The Past, the Present, and the Future. Chem Res Toxicol 2017; 30:332-366. [PMID: 27989119 PMCID: PMC5241710 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.6b00366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Serum albumin (Alb) is the most abundant protein in blood plasma. Alb reacts with many carcinogens and/or their electrophilic metabolites. Studies conducted over 20 years ago showed that Alb forms adducts with the human carcinogens aflatoxin B1 and benzene, which were successfully used as biomarkers in molecular epidemiology studies designed to address the role of these chemicals in cancer risk. Alb forms adducts with many therapeutic drugs or their reactive metabolites such as β-lactam antibiotics, acetylsalicylic acid, acetaminophen, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, chemotherapeutic agents, and antiretroviral therapy drugs. The identification and characterization of the adduct structures formed with Alb have served to understand the generation of reactive metabolites and to predict idiosyncratic drug reactions and toxicities. The reaction of candidate drugs with Alb is now exploited as part of the battery of screening tools to assess the potential toxicities of drugs. The use of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, liquid chromatography, or liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) enabled the identification and quantification of multiple types of Alb xenobiotic adducts in animals and humans during the past three decades. In this perspective, we highlight the history of Alb as a target protein for adduction to environmental and dietary genotoxicants, pesticides, and herbicides, common classes of medicinal drugs, and endogenous electrophiles, and the emerging analytical mass spectrometry technologies to identify Alb-toxicant adducts in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Sabbioni
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Toxicology, CH-6780 Airolo, Switzerland
- Alpine Institute of Chemistry and Toxicology, CH-6718 Olivone, Switzerland
- Walther-Straub-Institut für Pharmakologie
und Toxikologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, D-80336 München, Germany
| | - Robert J. Turesky
- Masonic Cancer Center and Department of
Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, 2231 Sixth Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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Teixeira D, Fernandes R, Prudêncio C, Vieira M. 3-Nitrotyrosine quantification methods: Current concepts and future challenges. Biochimie 2016; 125:1-11. [PMID: 26921794 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2016.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Measurement of 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) in biological samples can be used as a biomarker of nitrosative stress, since it is very stable and suitable for analysis. Increased 3-NT levels in biological samples have been associated with several physiological and pathological conditions. Different methods have been described for the detection and quantification of this molecule, such as (i) immunological methods; (ii) liquid chromatography, namely high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC)-based methods that use ultraviolet-visible (UV/VIS) absorption, electrochemical (ECD) and diode array (DAD) detection, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS); (iii) gas chromatography, such as gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). METHODS A literature review on nitrosative stress, protein nitration, as well as 3-NT quantification methods was carried out. RESULTS This review covers the different methods for analysis of 3-NT that have been developed during the last years as well as the latest advances in this field. Overall, all methods present positive and negative aspects, although it is clear that chromatography-based methods present good sensitivity and specificity. Regarding this, GC-based methods exhibit the highest sensibility in the quantification of 3-NT, although it requires a prior time consuming derivatization step. Conversely, HPLC does not require such derivatization step, despite being not as accurate as GC. CONCLUSION It becomes clear that all the methods described during this literature review, although accurate for 3-NT quantification, need to be improved regarding both sensitivity and specificity. Moreover, optimization of the protocols that have been described is clearly needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dulce Teixeira
- Ciências Químicas e das Biomoléculas, Centro de Investigação em Saúde e Ambiente, Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Portugal
| | - Rúben Fernandes
- Ciências Químicas e das Biomoléculas, Centro de Investigação em Saúde e Ambiente, Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Portugal; I3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristina Prudêncio
- Ciências Químicas e das Biomoléculas, Centro de Investigação em Saúde e Ambiente, Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Portugal; I3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
| | - Mónica Vieira
- Ciências Químicas e das Biomoléculas, Centro de Investigação em Saúde e Ambiente, Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Portugal; I3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal.
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Torres-Cuevas I, Kuligowski J, Cárcel M, Cháfer-Pericás C, Asensi M, Solberg R, Cubells E, Nuñez A, Saugstad OD, Vento M, Escobar J. Protein-bound tyrosine oxidation, nitration and chlorination by-products assessed by ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 913:104-10. [PMID: 26944994 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.01.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Free radicals cause alterations in cellular protein structure and function. Oxidized, nitrated, and chlorinated modifications of aromatic amino acids including phenylalanine and tyrosine are reliable biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation in clinical conditions. OBJECTIVE To develop, validate and apply a rapid method for the quantification of known hallmarks of tyrosine oxidation, nitration and chlorination in plasma and tissue proteins providing a snapshot of the oxidative stress and inflammatory status of the organism and of target organs respectively. MATERIAL AND METHODS The extraction and clean up procedure entailed protein precipitation, followed by protein re-suspension and enzymatic digestion with pronase. An Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-tandem Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method was developed to quantify protein released ortho-tyrosine (o-Tyr), meta-tyrosine (m-Tyr), 3-nitrotyrosine (3NO2-Tyr) and 3-chlorotyrosine (3Cl-Tyr) as well as native phenylalanine (Phe) and tyrosine (p-Tyr) in plasma and tissue from a validated hypoxic newborn piglet experimental model. RESULTS In plasma there was a significant increase in the 3NO2-Tyr/p-Tyr ratio. On the other hand m-Tyr/Phe and 3Cl-Tyr/p-Tyr ratios were significantly increased in liver of hypoxic compared with normoxic animals. Although no significant differences were found in brain tissue, a clear tendency to increased ratios was observed under hypoxic conditions. CONCLUSIONS UPLC-MS/MS has proven suitable for the analysis of plasma and tissue samples from newborn piglets. The analysis of biomarkers of protein oxidation, nitration and chlorination will be applied in future studies aiming to provide a deeper insight into the mechanisms of oxidation-derived protein modification caused during neonatal asphyxia and resuscitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Torres-Cuevas
- Neonatal Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, Avenida Fernando Abril Martorell 101, 46026, Valencia, Spain
| | - Julia Kuligowski
- Neonatal Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, Avenida Fernando Abril Martorell 101, 46026, Valencia, Spain
| | - María Cárcel
- Neonatal Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, Avenida Fernando Abril Martorell 101, 46026, Valencia, Spain
| | - Consuelo Cháfer-Pericás
- Neonatal Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, Avenida Fernando Abril Martorell 101, 46026, Valencia, Spain
| | - Miguel Asensi
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Rønnaug Solberg
- Department of Pediatric Research, Institute for Surgical Research, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Elena Cubells
- Neonatal Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, Avenida Fernando Abril Martorell 101, 46026, Valencia, Spain; Division of Neonatology, University & Polytechnic Hospital La Fe, Avenida Fernando Abril Martorell 101, 46026, Valencia, Spain
| | - Antonio Nuñez
- Neonatal Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, Avenida Fernando Abril Martorell 101, 46026, Valencia, Spain; Division of Neonatology, University & Polytechnic Hospital La Fe, Avenida Fernando Abril Martorell 101, 46026, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ola Didrik Saugstad
- Department of Pediatric Research, Institute for Surgical Research, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Máximo Vento
- Neonatal Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, Avenida Fernando Abril Martorell 101, 46026, Valencia, Spain; Division of Neonatology, University & Polytechnic Hospital La Fe, Avenida Fernando Abril Martorell 101, 46026, Valencia, Spain; National Coordinator of the Spanish Maternal and Child Health and Developmental Network, (Retic Red SAMID RD0012/0026), Spain
| | - Javier Escobar
- Neonatal Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, Avenida Fernando Abril Martorell 101, 46026, Valencia, Spain.
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Tareke E, Forslund A, Lindh C, Fahlgren C, Östman E. Isotope dilution ESI-LC-MS/MS for quantification of free and total Nε-(1-Carboxymethyl)-l-Lysine and free Nε-(1-Carboxyethyl)-l-Lysine: Comparison of total Nε-(1-Carboxymethyl)-l-Lysine levels measured with new method to ELISA assay in gruel samples. Food Chem 2013; 141:4253-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2012] [Revised: 05/06/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Thornalley PJ, Rabbani N. Detection of oxidized and glycated proteins in clinical samples using mass spectrometry--a user's perspective. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2013; 1840:818-29. [PMID: 23558060 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2013] [Revised: 03/17/2013] [Accepted: 03/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Proteins in human tissues and body fluids continually undergo spontaneous oxidation and glycation reactions forming low levels of oxidation and glycation adduct residues. Proteolysis of oxidised and glycated proteins releases oxidised and glycated amino acids which, if they cannot be repaired, are excreted in urine. SCOPE OF REVIEW In this review we give a brief background to the classification, formation and processing of oxidised and glycated proteins in the clinical setting. We then describe the application of stable isotopic dilution analysis liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for measurement of oxidative and glycation damage to proteins in clinical studies, sources of error in pre-analytic processing, corroboration with other techniques - including how this may be improved - and a systems approach to protein damage analysis for improved surety of analyte estimations. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS Stable isotopic dilution analysis LC-MS/MS provides a robust reference method for measurement of protein oxidation and glycation adducts. Optimised pre-analytic processing of samples and LC-MS/MS analysis procedures are required to achieve this. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Quantitative measurement of protein oxidation and glycation adducts provides information on level of exposure to potentially damaging protein modifications, protein inactivation in ageing and disease, metabolic control, protein turnover, renal function and other aspects of body function. Reliable and clinically assessable analysis is required for translation of measurement to clinical diagnostic use. Stable isotopic dilution analysis LC-MS/MS provides a "gold standard" approach and reference methodology to which other higher throughput methods such as immunoassay and indirect methods are preferably corroborated by researchers and those commercialising diagnostic kits and reagents. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Current methods to study reactive oxygen species - pros and cons and biophysics of membrane proteins. Guest Editor: Christine Winterbourn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Thornalley
- Clinical Sciences Research Laboratories, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, University Hospital, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK; Warwick Systems Biology Centre, Coventry House, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.
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Sabbioni G, Dongari N, Schneider S, Kumar A. Synthetic approaches to obtain amino acid adducts of 4,4'-methylenediphenyl diisocyanate. Chem Res Toxicol 2012. [PMID: 23181454 DOI: 10.1021/tx300347e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
4,4'-Methylenediphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) is the most important isocyanate used in the chemical industry. Lung sensitization and asthma are the main types of damage after exposure to MDI. Albumin adducts of MDI might be involved in the etiology of sensitization reactions. It is therefore necessary to have sensitive and specific biomarkers such as blood protein adducts to monitor people exposed to isocyanates. For the discovery of new isocyanate adducts with blood proteins present in vivo, new synthetic standards are needed. To achieve this, we developed five methods to obtain amino acid adducts of MDI. We synthesized and isolated MDI adducts of aspartic acid, glutamic acid, cysteine, and valine. The new adducts were characterized by LC-MS/MS and NMR. We synthesized the corresponding isotope-labeled MDI adducts to develop analytical methods using LC-MS/MS. Glutathione adducts of isocyanates are an important way of transportation of the reactive isocyanates to distant sites from the original site of exposure. Therefore, we used N-acetyl-cysteine adducts of MDI as reactants: N-acetyl-S-[[4-(4-aminobenzyl)phenyl]carbamoyl]-cysteine (MDI-AcCys) and N-acetyl-S-[[4-(4-acetylaminobenzyl)phenyl]carbamoyl]-cysteine (AcMDI-AcCys). MDI-AcCys or AcMDI-AcCys formed adducts with albumin, N(α)-acetyl lysine, and valine. Isotope-labeled albumin adducts (= d(4)-MDI-albumin) were synthesized from d(4)-MDI-AcCys and albumin. d(4)-MDI-albumin can be used as an internal standard to analyze biological samples. Such an internal standard will not correct only for the extraction recovery of the adducts but also for the potential variation of the enzymatic digestions used in the procedure to analyze albumin adducts of MDI. The synthetic procedures described in this manuscript will be applicable to the synthesis of amino acid adducts from other isocyanates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Sabbioni
- Global Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, 1440 Canal Street, Suite 2100, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, United States.
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Zhang G, Huang G, Xiao L, Mitchell AE. Determination of advanced glycation endproducts by LC-MS/MS in raw and roasted almonds (Prunus dulcis). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2011; 59:12037-12046. [PMID: 21980977 DOI: 10.1021/jf202515k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A sensitive and reliable LC-(ESI)MS/MS method was developed and validated for the simultaneous analysis of five common advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) after enzymatic digestion in raw and roasted almonds. AGEs included carboxymethyl-lysine (CML), carboxyethyl-lysine (CEL), pyralline (Pyr), argpyrimidine (Arg-p), and pentosidine (Pento-s). This method allows accurate quantitation of free and AGE-protein adducts of target AGEs. Results indicate that CML and CEL are found in both raw and roasted almonds. Pyr was identified for the first time in roasted almonds and accounted for 64.4% of free plus bound measured AGEs. Arg-p and Pento-s were below the limit of detection in all almond samples tested. Free AGEs accounted for 1.3-26.8% of free plus bound measured AGEs, indicating that protein-bound forms predominate. The roasting process significantly increased CML, CEL, and Pyr formation, but no significant correlation was observed between these AGEs and roasting temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gong Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
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12
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Assessing covalent binding of reactive drug metabolites by complete protein digestion and LC–MS analysis. Bioanalysis 2010; 2:1211-21. [DOI: 10.4155/bio.10.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Covalent binding by reactive drug metabolites represents a poorly understood cause of drug toxicity. Currently, assessing protein covalent binding usually entails the use of radioactive drug and therefore has limited applicability in drug discovery. Several marketed drugs are known to form reactive metabolites and have been shown to covalently bind to proteins. Results: In this article, we describe a new method for the analysis of reactive metabolite–protein binding by MS using a strategy of complete digestion of microsomal proteins into free amino acids. Immobilized pronase was found to be the best method for complete digestion in terms of stability of amino acid modifications as well as minimized spectral background. Conclusion: Modified cysteine residues were identified for four tested drug compounds known to form reactive metabolites following in vitro microsomal incubations and accurate mass measurements by LC–MS analysis.
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Zhang Q, Ames JM, Smith RD, Baynes JW, Metz TO. A perspective on the Maillard reaction and the analysis of protein glycation by mass spectrometry: probing the pathogenesis of chronic disease. J Proteome Res 2009; 8:754-69. [PMID: 19093874 DOI: 10.1021/pr800858h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 265] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The Maillard reaction, starting from the glycation of protein and progressing to the formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), is implicated in the development of complications of diabetes mellitus, as well as in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular, renal, and neurodegenerative diseases. In this perspective review, we provide an overview on the relevance of the Maillard reaction in the pathogenesis of chronic disease and discuss traditional approaches and recent developments in the analysis of glycated proteins by mass spectrometry. We propose that proteomics approaches, particularly bottom-up proteomics, will play a significant role in analyses of clinical samples leading to the identification of new markers of disease development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qibin Zhang
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
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14
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Delatour T, Hegele J, Parisod V, Richoz J, Maurer S, Steven M, Buetler T. Analysis of advanced glycation endproducts in dairy products by isotope dilution liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. The particular case of carboxymethyllysine. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216:2371-81. [PMID: 19181321 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2008] [Revised: 12/19/2008] [Accepted: 01/05/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A fully validated multiple-transition recording isotope dilution liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the simultaneous quantitative determination of N(epsilon)-carboxymethyllysine (CML) and lysine in dairy products is described. Internal standards were [N-1',2'-(13)C(2)]CML and [1,2,3,4,5,6-(13)C(6)-2,6-(15)N(2)]lysine, and the method was validated by evaluating the selectivity, linearity, precision (repeatability and reproducibility) and trueness, using both powder and liquid products. For liquid dairy products, the repeatability and reproducibility was 2.79% and 11.0%, while 4.85% and 4.92% were determined for powder dairy products, respectively. The trueness of the method ranged from -9.6% to -3.6% for powder and from -0.99% to 6.8% for liquid dairy products. The limit of detection for CML was estimated to be 8 ng CML per mg protein while the limit of quantification was 27 ng CML per mg protein. The method encompasses a proteolytic cleavage mediated by enzymatic digestion to reach a complete release of the amino acids prior to a sample cleanup based on solid phase extraction, and followed by LC-MS/MS analysis of CML and lysine residues. To ensure a suitable performance of the enzymatic digestion, CML measurements were compared to values obtained with an acid hydrolysis-mediated proteolysis. Finally, the method was employed for the analysis of CML in various dairy products. The values compare well to the data available in the literature when similar methods were used, even if some discrepancies were observed upon comparison with the results obtained by other techniques such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and GC-MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Delatour
- Nestlé Research Centre, Nestec Ltd, Vers-chez-les-Blanc, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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15
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A critical review and discussion of analytical methods in the l-arginine/nitric oxide area of basic and clinical research. Anal Biochem 2008; 379:139-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2008.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2007] [Revised: 04/08/2008] [Accepted: 04/09/2008] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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16
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Hegele J, Buetler T, Delatour T. Comparative LC–MS/MS profiling of free and protein-bound early and advanced glycation-induced lysine modifications in dairy products. Anal Chim Acta 2008; 617:85-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2007.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2007] [Revised: 12/18/2007] [Accepted: 12/19/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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17
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Hegele J, Parisod V, Richoz J, Förster A, Maurer S, Krause R, Henle T, Bütler T, Delatour T. Evaluating the Extent of Protein Damage in Dairy Products. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2008; 1126:300-6. [DOI: 10.1196/annals.1433.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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18
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Rabbani N, Thornalley PJ. Assay of 3-nitrotyrosine in tissues and body fluids by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometric detection. Methods Enzymol 2008; 440:337-59. [PMID: 18423229 DOI: 10.1016/s0076-6879(07)00822-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
3-Nitrotyrosine (3-NT) is a marker of protein nitration in physiological systems. It is present as 3-nitrotyrosine residues in proteins of tissue, extracellular matrix, plasma, and other body fluids and food. It is also present in body fluids and some beverages as free nitrotyrosine and is excreted in urine with the major urinary metabolite 3-nitro-4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid. Quantitation of 3-nitrotyrosine requires tandem mass spectrometry for specific detection. The method developed to determine 3-nitrotyrosine (along with protein glycation and oxidation adducts in a quantitative screening assay) by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometric detection is described. The 3-NT residue contents of plasma protein, hemoglobin, lipoproteins, and cerebrospinal fluid protein and the concentrations of free 3-nitrotyrosine in plasma, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid are given. Changes of 3-nitrotyrosine residue and free 3-nitrotyrosine in diabetes, cirrhosis, acute and chronic renal failure, and neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, are presented and compared with independent estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naila Rabbani
- Protein Damage and Systems Biology Research Group, Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, University Hospital, Coventry, United Kingdom
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