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Derina K, Korotkova E, Barek J. Non-enzymatic electrochemical approaches to cholesterol determination. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 191:113538. [PMID: 32919143 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Cholesterol plays a vital role in a human body. It is known as one of the most important sterols, because it forms cell walls and participates in signal transduction. Moreover, cholesterol was recognized as biomarker of cardiovascular diseases and of some metabolic disorders. As a result, cholesterol blood levels should be controlled in a variety of diseases such as ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular ischemia, stroke, hypertension, type II diabetes, and many others. Hence, the accurate cholesterol quantification plays an important role in diagnosis and treatment of these diseases. Modern voltammetric and amperometric methods are increasingly used for cholesterol monitoring. Consequently, the problem of electrode fabrication for cholesterol detection has high importance for clinical tests. Novel electrode materials initiated the fast growth of electrochemical biosensors. Biomaterials are still the most frequently used modifiers for cholesterol sensors due to their high selectivity. However, biomaterials have low stability complicating their practical applications. This fact is crucial for analytical parameters such as limit of detection (LOD) and sensitivity. Therefore, nanomaterials are used to eliminate disadvantages of biomaterials and to improve sensors performance by increasing the electrode surface, conductivity and sensitivity. This review is focused on the use of non-enzymatic electrodes for cholesterol quantification and on different approaches to their fabrication. Firstly, the necessity and role of modifier is discussed. Afterwards, the advantages and disadvantages of currently used modifiers are critically compared together with all aspects and approaches to sensors fabrication. Finally, the prospects of non-enzymatic electrodes application for cholesterol sensors engineering are summarised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ksenia Derina
- National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Division for Chemical Engineering, School of Earth Science and Engineering, Lenin Avenue 30, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Elena Korotkova
- National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Division for Chemical Engineering, School of Earth Science and Engineering, Lenin Avenue 30, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Jiří Barek
- National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Division for Chemical Engineering, School of Earth Science and Engineering, Lenin Avenue 30, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; Charles University, Faculty of Science, Department of Analytical Chemistry, UNESCO Laboratory of Environmental Electrochemistry, Albertov 6, 128 43 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
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2
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Barboza-Cerda MC, Barboza-Quintana O, Martínez-Aldape G, Garza-Guajardo R, Déctor MA. Phenotypic severity in a family with MEND syndrome is directly associated with the accumulation of potentially functional variants of cholesterol homeostasis genes. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2019; 7:e931. [PMID: 31397093 PMCID: PMC6732292 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Male EBP disorder with neurologic defects (MEND) syndrome is an X‐linked disease caused by hypomorphic mutations in the EBP (emopamil‐binding protein) gene. Modifier genes may explain the clinical variability among individuals who share a primary mutation. Methods We studied four males (Patient 1 to Patient 4) exhibiting a descending degree of phenotypic severity from a family with MEND syndrome. To identify candidate modifier genes that explain the phenotypic variability, variants of homeostasis cholesterol genes identified by whole‐exome sequencing (WES) were ranked according to the predicted magnitude of their effect through an in‐house scoring system. Results Twenty‐seven from 105 missense variants found in 45 genes of the four exomes were considered significant (−5 to −9 scores). We found a direct genotype–phenotype association based on the differential accumulation of potentially functional gene variants among males. Patient 1 exhibited 17 variants, both Patients 2 and 3 exhibited nine variants, and Patient 4 exhibited only five variants. Conclusion We conclude that APOA5 (rs3135506), ABCA1 (rs9282541), and APOB (rs679899 and rs12714225) are the most relevant candidate modifier genes in this family. Relative accumulation of the deficiencies associated with variants of these genes along with other lesser deficiencies in other genes appears to explain the variable expressivity in MEND syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Carmen Barboza-Cerda
- Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario "Dr. José E. González", Servicio de Anatomía Patológica y Citopatología, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico.,Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario "Dr. José E. González", Departamento de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Oralia Barboza-Quintana
- Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario "Dr. José E. González", Servicio de Anatomía Patológica y Citopatología, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Gerardo Martínez-Aldape
- Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario "Dr. José E. González", Servicio de Anatomía Patológica y Citopatología, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Raquel Garza-Guajardo
- Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario "Dr. José E. González", Servicio de Anatomía Patológica y Citopatología, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Miguel Angel Déctor
- Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario "Dr. José E. González", Servicio de Anatomía Patológica y Citopatología, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico.,Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario "Dr. José E. González", Departamento de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
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3
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van Gorp C, de Lange IH, Spiller OB, Dewez F, Cillero Pastor B, Heeren RMA, Kessels L, Kloosterboer N, van Gemert WG, Beeton ML, Stock SJ, Jobe AH, Payne MS, Kemp MW, Zimmermann LJ, Kramer BW, Plat J, Wolfs TGAM. Protection of the Ovine Fetal Gut against Ureaplasma-Induced Chorioamnionitis: A Potential Role for Plant Sterols. Nutrients 2019; 11:E968. [PMID: 31035616 PMCID: PMC6566982 DOI: 10.3390/nu11050968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chorioamnionitis, clinically most frequently associated with Ureaplasma, is linked to intestinal inflammation and subsequent gut injury. No treatment is available to prevent chorioamnionitis-driven adverse intestinal outcomes. Evidence is increasing that plant sterols possess immune-modulatory properties. Therefore, we investigated the potential therapeutic effects of plant sterols in lambs intra-amniotically (IA) exposed to Ureaplasma. Fetal lambs were IA exposed to Ureaplasma parvum (U. parvum, UP) for six days from 127 d-133 d of gestational age (GA). The plant sterols β-sitosterol and campesterol, dissolved with β-cyclodextrin (carrier), were given IA every two days from 122 d-131 d GA. Fetal circulatory cytokine levels, gut inflammation, intestinal injury, enterocyte maturation, and mucosal phospholipid and bile acid profiles were measured at 133 d GA (term 150 d). IA plant sterol administration blocked a fetal inflammatory response syndrome. Plant sterols reduced intestinal accumulation of proinflammatory phospholipids and tended to prevent mucosal myeloperoxidase-positive (MPO) cell influx, indicating an inhibition of gut inflammation. IA administration of plant sterols and carrier diminished intestinal mucosal damage, stimulated maturation of the immature epithelium, and partially prevented U. parvum-driven reduction of mucosal bile acids. In conclusion, we show that β-sitosterol and campesterol administration protected the fetus against adverse gut outcomes following UP-driven chorioamnionitis by preventing intestinal and systemic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte van Gorp
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Ilse H de Lange
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands.
- Department of Surgery, School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Owen B Spiller
- Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF10 3AT, Wales, UK.
| | - Frédéric Dewez
- Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4I), Maastricht University, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Berta Cillero Pastor
- Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4I), Maastricht University, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Ron M A Heeren
- Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4I), Maastricht University, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Lilian Kessels
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Nico Kloosterboer
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Wim G van Gemert
- Department of Surgery, School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Michael L Beeton
- Cardiff School of Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK.
| | - Sarah J Stock
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK.
| | - Alan H Jobe
- Division of Neonatology/Pulmonary Biology, The Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
| | - Matthew S Payne
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Crawley WA 6009, Australia.
| | - Matthew W Kemp
- School of Women's and Infant's Health, The University of Western Australia, Crawley WA 6009, Australia.
| | - Luc J Zimmermann
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Boris W Kramer
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Jogchum Plat
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Tim G A M Wolfs
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering (BMT), School for Cardiovascular Diseases (CARIM), Maastricht University, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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Khoury S, Canlet C, Lacroix MZ, Berdeaux O, Jouhet J, Bertrand-Michel J. Quantification of Lipids: Model, Reality, and Compromise. Biomolecules 2018; 8:E174. [PMID: 30558107 PMCID: PMC6316828 DOI: 10.3390/biom8040174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipids are key molecules in various biological processes, thus their quantification is a crucial point in a lot of studies and should be taken into account in lipidomics development. This family is complex and presents a very large diversity of structures, so analyzing and quantifying all this diversity is a real challenge. In this review, the different techniques to analyze lipids will be presented: from nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to mass spectrometry (with and without chromatography) including universal detectors. First of all, the state of the art of quantification, with the definitions of terms and protocol standardization, will be presented with quantitative lipidomics in mind, and then technical considerations and limitations of analytical chemistry's tools, such as NMR, mass spectrometry and universal detectors, will be discussed, particularly in terms of absolute quantification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spiro Khoury
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 9E Boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, F-21000 Dijon, France.
- French LipidomYstes Network, 31000 Toulouse, France.
| | - Cécile Canlet
- Toxalim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, F-31027 Toulouse, France.
- Axiom Platform, MetaToul-MetaboHUB, National Infrastructure for Metabolomics and Fluxomics, F-31027 Toulouse, France.
| | - Marlène Z Lacroix
- INTHERES, Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, 31432 Toulouse, France.
| | - Olivier Berdeaux
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 9E Boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, F-21000 Dijon, France.
- French LipidomYstes Network, 31000 Toulouse, France.
| | - Juliette Jouhet
- French LipidomYstes Network, 31000 Toulouse, France.
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, INRA, CEA, 38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Justine Bertrand-Michel
- French LipidomYstes Network, 31000 Toulouse, France.
- MetaToul-Lipidomic Core Facility, MetaboHUB, I2MC U1048, Inserm, 31432 Toulouse, France.
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Derina K, Korotkova E, Taishibekova Y, Salkeeva L, Kratochvil B, Barek J. Electrochemical nonenzymatic sensor for cholesterol determination in food. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:5085-5092. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1164-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Travessa A, Dias P, Rocha P, Sousa AB. Prenatal diagnosis of holoprosencephaly associated with Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS) in a 46,XX fetus. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2018; 56:541-544. [PMID: 28805615 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2017.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To show the importance of measuring cholesterol precursor levels in amniotic fluid in all pregnancies with ultrasound features (such as holoprosencephaly) suggestive of Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS), after exclusion of chromosomal anomalies. CASE REPORT A 28-year-old woman, gravida 1 para 0, performed chorionic villus sampling for fetal karyotyping at 13 weeks of gestation due to positive combined first trimester screening in a fetus with increased nuchal translucency and suspected holoprosencephaly. The result was normal - 46,XX. The diagnosis of alobar holoprosencephaly was confirmed at 15 weeks of gestation, and cardiac and limb defects were also identified. Thus, a syndromic cause was considered, specifically a chromosomal microdeletion syndrome or a monogenic entity such as SLOS. The latter was confirmed by measuring 7-dehydrocholesterol (7DHC) and 8-dehydrocholesterol (8DHC) in amniotic fluid. Molecular analysis of DHCR7 gene identified a homozygous mutation in intron 8, c.964-1G>C, providing molecular confirmation for this diagnosis. CONCLUSION The differential diagnosis of holoprosencephaly is broad. Identification of the cause of holoprosencephaly aids in establishing the prognosis and is essential to ascertain the mode of inheritance for adequate genetic counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Travessa
- Serviço de Genética, Departamento de Pediatria, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Centro Académico de Medicina de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Patrícia Dias
- Serviço de Genética, Departamento de Pediatria, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Centro Académico de Medicina de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Pedro Rocha
- Serviço de Ginecologia-Obstetrícia, Hospital Beatriz Ângelo, Loures, Portugal
| | - Ana Berta Sousa
- Serviço de Genética, Departamento de Pediatria, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Centro Académico de Medicina de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
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7
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Zwier MV, Baardman ME, van Dijk TH, Jurdzinski A, Wisse LJ, Bloks VW, Berger RMF, DeRuiter MC, Groen AK, Plösch T. Maternal-fetal cholesterol transport in the second half of mouse pregnancy does not involve LDL receptor-related protein 2. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2017; 220:471-485. [PMID: 28024118 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIM LDL receptor-related protein type 2 (LRP2) is highly expressed on both yolk sac and placenta. Mutations in the corresponding gene are associated with severe birth defects in humans, known as Donnai-Barrow syndrome. We here characterized the contribution of LRP2 and maternal plasma cholesterol availability to maternal-fetal cholesterol transport and fetal cholesterol levels in utero in mice. METHODS Lrp2+/- mice were mated heterozygously to yield fetuses of all three genotypes. Half of the dams received a 0.5% probucol-enriched diet during gestation to decrease maternal HDL cholesterol. At E13.5, the dams received an injection of D7-labelled cholesterol and were provided with 1-13 C acetate-supplemented drinking water. At E16.5, fetal tissues were collected and maternal cholesterol transport and fetal synthesis quantified by isotope enrichments in fetal tissues by GC-MS. RESULTS The Lrp2 genotype did not influence maternal-fetal cholesterol transport and fetal cholesterol. However, lowering of maternal plasma cholesterol levels by probucol significantly reduced maternal-fetal cholesterol transport. In the fetal liver, this was associated with increased cholesterol synthesis rates. No indications were found for an interaction between the Lrp2 genotype and maternal probucol treatment. CONCLUSION Maternal-fetal cholesterol transport and endogenous fetal cholesterol synthesis depend on maternal cholesterol concentrations but do not involve LRP2 in the second half of murine pregnancy. Our results suggest that the mouse fetus can compensate for decreased maternal cholesterol levels. It remains a relevant question how the delicate system of cholesterol transport and synthesis is regulated in the human fetus and placenta.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. V. Zwier
- Department of Pediatrics; University Medical Center Groningen; University of Groningen; Groningen the Netherlands
| | - M. E. Baardman
- Department of Genetics; University Medical Center Groningen; University of Groningen; Groningen the Netherlands
| | - T. H. van Dijk
- Department of Pediatrics; University Medical Center Groningen; University of Groningen; Groningen the Netherlands
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen; Groningen the Netherlands
| | - A. Jurdzinski
- Department of Pediatrics; University Medical Center Groningen; University of Groningen; Groningen the Netherlands
| | - L. J. Wisse
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology; Leiden University Medical Center; Leiden the Netherlands
| | - V. W. Bloks
- Department of Pediatrics; University Medical Center Groningen; University of Groningen; Groningen the Netherlands
| | - R. M. F. Berger
- Center for Congenital Heart Diseases; Beatrix Children's Hospital; University Medical Center Groningen; University of Groningen; Groningen the Netherlands
| | - M. C. DeRuiter
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology; Leiden University Medical Center; Leiden the Netherlands
| | - A. K. Groen
- Department of Pediatrics; University Medical Center Groningen; University of Groningen; Groningen the Netherlands
| | - T. Plösch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; University Medical Center Groningen; University of Groningen; Groningen the Netherlands
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Miettinen HE, Rönö K, Koivusalo S, Stach-Lempinen B, Pöyhönen-Alho M, Eriksson JG, Hiltunen TP, Gylling H. Elevated serum squalene and cholesterol synthesis markers in pregnant obese women with gestational diabetes mellitus. J Lipid Res 2014; 55:2644-54. [PMID: 25301963 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.p049510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined serum cholesterol synthesis and absorption markers and their association with neonatal birth weight in obese pregnancies affected by gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Pregnant women at risk for GDM (BMI >30 kg/m²) were enrolled from maternity clinics in Finland. GDM was determined from the results of an oral glucose tolerance test. Serum samples were collected at six time-points, one in each trimester of pregnancy, and at 6 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months postpartum. Analysis of serum squalene and noncholesterol sterols by gas-liquid chromatography revealed that in subjects with GDM (n = 22), the serum Δ8-cholestenol concentration and lathosterol/sitosterol ratio were higher (P < 0.05) than in the controls (n = 30) in the first trimester, reflecting increased cholesterol synthesis. Also, subjects with GDM had an increased ratio of squalene to cholesterol (100 × μmol/mmol of cholesterol) in the second (11.5 ± 0.5 vs. 9.1 ± 0.5, P < 0.01) and third (12.1 ± 0.8 vs. 10.0 ± 0.7, P < 0.05) trimester. In GDM, the second trimester maternal serum squalene concentration correlated with neonatal birth weight (r = 0.70, P < 0.001). In conclusion, in obesity, GDM associated with elevated serum markers of cholesterol synthesis. Correlation of maternal serum squalene with neonatal birth weight suggests a potential contribution of maternal cholesterol synthesis to newborn weight in GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena E Miettinen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Internal Medicine, University of Helsinki, Biomedicum Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kristiina Rönö
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Saila Koivusalo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Beata Stach-Lempinen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, South-Karelia Central Hospital, Lappeenranta, Finland
| | - Maritta Pöyhönen-Alho
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johan G Eriksson
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo P Hiltunen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Internal Medicine, University of Helsinki, Biomedicum Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Helena Gylling
- Department of Medicine, Division of Internal Medicine, University of Helsinki, Biomedicum Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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A new method for immediate derivatization of hydroxyl groups by fluoroalkyl chloroformates and its application for the determination of sterols and tocopherols in human serum and amniotic fluid by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1339:154-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Revised: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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10
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Ballantyne CM, Hoogeveen RC, Raya JL, Cain VA, Palmer MK, Karlson BW. Efficacy, safety and effect on biomarkers related to cholesterol and lipoprotein metabolism of rosuvastatin 10 or 20 mg plus ezetimibe 10 mg vs. simvastatin 40 or 80 mg plus ezetimibe 10 mg in high-risk patients: Results of the GRAVITY randomized study. Atherosclerosis 2014; 232:86-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2013.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Revised: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Andrade I, Santos L, Ramos F. Advances in analytical methods to study cholesterol metabolism: the determination of serum noncholesterol sterols. Biomed Chromatogr 2012; 27:1234-42. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.2840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2012] [Revised: 10/12/2012] [Accepted: 10/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lèlita Santos
- Internal Medicine Department; Coimbra University Hospitals; Medicine Faculty; 3000-075; Coimbra; Portugal
| | - Fernando Ramos
- CEF-Center for Pharmaceutical Studies, Health Sciences Campus, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Pharmacy Faculty; Coimbra University; 3000-548; Coimbra; Portugal
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12
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Baardman ME, Erwich JJHM, Berger RMF, Hofstra RMW, Kerstjens-Frederikse WS, Lütjohann D, Plösch T. The origin of fetal sterols in second-trimester amniotic fluid: endogenous synthesis or maternal-fetal transport? Am J Obstet Gynecol 2012; 207:202.e19-25. [PMID: 22728028 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2012.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2012] [Revised: 05/27/2012] [Accepted: 06/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cholesterol is crucial for fetal development. To gain more insight into the origin of the fetal cholesterol pool in early human pregnancy, we determined cholesterol and its precursors in the amniotic fluid of uncomplicated, singleton human pregnancies. STUDY DESIGN Total sterols were characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in the second-trimester amniotic fluid of 126 healthy fetuses from week 15 until week 22. RESULTS The markers of cholesterol biosynthesis, lanosterol, dihydrolanosterol, and lathosterol, were present in low levels until the 19th week of gestation, after which their levels increased strongly. β-sitosterol, a marker for maternal-fetal cholesterol transport, was detectable in the amniotic fluid. The total cholesterol levels increased slightly between weeks 15 and 22. CONCLUSION Our results support the hypothesis that during early life the fetus depends on maternal cholesterol supply because endogenous synthesis is relatively low. Therefore, maternal cholesterol can play a crucial role in fetal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria E Baardman
- Eurocat Registration Northern Netherlands and Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Chakraborty A, Bodipati N, Demonacos MK, Peddinti R, Ghosh K, Roy P. Long term induction by pterostilbene results in autophagy and cellular differentiation in MCF-7 cells via ROS dependent pathway. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2012; 355:25-40. [PMID: 22273805 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2012.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2011] [Revised: 12/20/2011] [Accepted: 01/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
This study shows the effect of pterostilbene on intracellular neutral lipid accumulation in MCF-7 breast cancer cells leading to growth arrest and autophagy. On exposing the breast cancer cells with 30 μM pterostilbene for 72 h there was almost 2-folds increase in neutral lipids and triglycerides. Also the phytochemical caused a 4-folds increase in the expression of adipogenic differentiation marker c/EBPα. Further, pterostilbene inhibited 3β-hydroxylsterol-Δ(7)-reductase, the enzyme which catalyzes the last step conversion of 7-dehydrocholesterol to cholesterol, and thereby causes the intracellular accumulation of the former sterol. These results were associated with over-expression of oxysterol binding protein homologue and liver X receptor (LXR) by ~7-folds. Pterostilbene also caused a simultaneous increase in the expression autophagic marker proteins Beclin 1 and LC3 II (microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3) by approximately 6-folds, which leads to an alternative pathway of autophagy. These effects were observed in association with the loss of mitotic and metastatic potential of MCF-7 cells which was abolished in the presence of catalase (ROS scavenger) or 3MA (autophagic inhibitor). Thus the present data shows that the long term exposure to pterostilbene causes growth arrest in MCF-7 cells which may be due to differentiation of the mammary carcinoma cells into normal epithelial cell like morphology and activation of autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajanta Chakraborty
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247 667, Uttarakhand, India
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García-Llatas G, Vidal C, Cilla A, Barberá R, Lagarda MJ. Simultaneous quantification of serum phytosterols and cholesterol precursors using a simple gas chromatographic method. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201100331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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15
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Amorini AM, Giorlandino C, Longo S, D’Urso S, Mesoraca A, Santoro ML, Picardi M, Gullotta S, Cignini P, Lazzarino D, Lazzarino G, Tavazzi B. Metabolic profile of amniotic fluid as a biochemical tool to screen for inborn errors of metabolism and fetal anomalies. Mol Cell Biochem 2011; 359:205-16. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-011-1015-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2011] [Accepted: 07/27/2011] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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16
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Diaz SO, Pinto J, Graça G, Duarte IF, Barros AS, Galhano E, Pita C, Almeida MDC, Goodfellow BJ, Carreira IM, Gil AM. Metabolic Biomarkers of Prenatal Disorders: An Exploratory NMR Metabonomics Study of Second Trimester Maternal Urine and Blood Plasma. J Proteome Res 2011; 10:3732-42. [DOI: 10.1021/pr200352m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sílvia O. Diaz
- CICECO−Department of Chemistry, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Joana Pinto
- CICECO−Department of Chemistry, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Gonçalo Graça
- CICECO−Department of Chemistry, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Iola F. Duarte
- CICECO−Department of Chemistry, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - António S. Barros
- QOPNA−Department of Chemistry, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Eulália Galhano
- Maternidade Bissaya Barreto, Centro Hospitalar de Coimbra, 3000 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Cristina Pita
- Maternidade Bissaya Barreto, Centro Hospitalar de Coimbra, 3000 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria do Céu Almeida
- Maternidade Bissaya Barreto, Centro Hospitalar de Coimbra, 3000 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Brian J. Goodfellow
- CICECO−Department of Chemistry, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Isabel M. Carreira
- Cytogenetics and Genomics Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Portugal and CENCIFOR - Forensic Science Centre, Portugal
| | - Ana M. Gil
- CICECO−Department of Chemistry, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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