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Agbarya A, Sarel I, Ziv-Baran T, Schwartz O, Shechtman Y, Kozlener E, Khoury R, Sheikh-Ahmad M, Saiegh L, Swaid F, Ahmad AA, Janzic U, Brenner R. Response Rate of the Third and Fourth Doses of the BNT162b2 Vaccine Administered to Cancer Patients Undergoing Active Anti-Neoplastic Treatments. Diseases 2023; 11:128. [PMID: 37873772 PMCID: PMC10594524 DOI: 10.3390/diseases11040128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The BNT162b2 vaccine is globally used for preventing morbidity and mortality related to COVID-19. Cancer patients have had priority for receiving the vaccine due to their diminished immunity. This study reports the response rate of administering the third and fourth vaccine doses to cancer patients receiving active anti-neoplastic treatment. A total of 142 patients received two doses of the mRNA-based BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine, while 76 and 25 patients received three and four doses, respectively. The efficacy of the humoral response following two vaccine doses was diminished in cancer patients, especially in the group of patients receiving chemotherapy. In a multivariate analysis, patients who received three and four BNT162b2 vaccine doses were more likely to have antibody titers in the upper tertile compared to patients who received two doses of the vaccine (odds ratio (OR) 7.62 (95% CI 1.38-42.12), p = 0.02 and 17.15 (95% CI 5.01-58.7), p < 0.01, respectively). Unlike the response after two doses, the third and fourth BNT162b2 vaccine booster doses had an increased efficacy of 95-100% in cancer patients while undergoing active treatment. This result could be explained by different mechanisms including the development of memory B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abed Agbarya
- Bnai-Zion Medical Center, Oncology Institute, Haifa 3339419, Israel; (Y.S.); (E.K.); (R.K.); (M.S.-A.); (L.S.); (F.S.); (A.A.A.)
- The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3109601, Israel
| | - Ina Sarel
- Edith Wolfson Medical Center, Oncology Institute, Holon 5822012, Israel;
| | - Tomer Ziv-Baran
- School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel;
| | - Orna Schwartz
- Microbiology and Immunology Laboratory, Edith Wolfson Medical Center, Holon 5822012, Israel;
| | - Yelena Shechtman
- Bnai-Zion Medical Center, Oncology Institute, Haifa 3339419, Israel; (Y.S.); (E.K.); (R.K.); (M.S.-A.); (L.S.); (F.S.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Ella Kozlener
- Bnai-Zion Medical Center, Oncology Institute, Haifa 3339419, Israel; (Y.S.); (E.K.); (R.K.); (M.S.-A.); (L.S.); (F.S.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Rasha Khoury
- Bnai-Zion Medical Center, Oncology Institute, Haifa 3339419, Israel; (Y.S.); (E.K.); (R.K.); (M.S.-A.); (L.S.); (F.S.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Mohammad Sheikh-Ahmad
- Bnai-Zion Medical Center, Oncology Institute, Haifa 3339419, Israel; (Y.S.); (E.K.); (R.K.); (M.S.-A.); (L.S.); (F.S.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Leonard Saiegh
- Bnai-Zion Medical Center, Oncology Institute, Haifa 3339419, Israel; (Y.S.); (E.K.); (R.K.); (M.S.-A.); (L.S.); (F.S.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Forat Swaid
- Bnai-Zion Medical Center, Oncology Institute, Haifa 3339419, Israel; (Y.S.); (E.K.); (R.K.); (M.S.-A.); (L.S.); (F.S.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Asala Abu Ahmad
- Bnai-Zion Medical Center, Oncology Institute, Haifa 3339419, Israel; (Y.S.); (E.K.); (R.K.); (M.S.-A.); (L.S.); (F.S.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Urska Janzic
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Clinic Golnik, 4202 Golnik, Slovenia;
| | - Ronen Brenner
- Edith Wolfson Medical Center, Oncology Institute, Holon 5822012, Israel;
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Abstract
Biosensing by optical probes is bringing about a revolution in our understanding of physiological and pathological states. Conventional optical probes for biosensing are prone to inaccurate detection results due to various analyte-independent factors that can lead to fluctuations in the absolute signal intensity. Ratiometric optical probes provide built-in self-calibration signal correction for more sensitive and reliable detection. Probes specifically developed for ratiometric optical detection have been shown to significantly improve the sensitivity and accuracy of biosensing. In this review, we focus on the advancements and sensing mechanism of ratiometric optical probes including photoacoustic (PA) probes, fluorescence (FL) probes, bioluminescence (BL) probes, chemiluminescence (CL) probes and afterglow probes. The versatile design strategies of these ratiometric optical probes are discussed along with a broad range of applications for biosensing such as sensing of pH, enzymes, reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS), glutathione (GSH), metal ions, gas molecules and hypoxia factors, as well as the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based ratiometric probes for immunoassay biosensing. Finally, challenges and perspectives are discussed.
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Fiorentino G, Benincasa G, Coppola A, Franzese M, Annunziata A, Affinito O, Viglietti M, Napoli C. Targeted genetic analysis unveils novel associations between ACE I/D and APO T158C polymorphisms with D-dimer levels in severe COVID-19 patients with pulmonary embolism. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2023; 55:51-59. [PMID: 36371754 PMCID: PMC9660132 DOI: 10.1007/s11239-022-02728-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Only a percentage of COVID-19 patients develop thrombotic complications. We hypothesized that genetic profiles may explain part of the inter-individual differences. Our goal was to evaluate the genotypic distribution of targeted DNA polymorphisms in COVID-19 patients complicated (PE+) or not (PE-) by pulmonary embolism. We designed a retrospective observational study enrolling N = 94 consecutive patients suffering severe COVID-19 with pulmonary embolism (PE+, N = 47) or not (PE-, N = 47) during hospitalization. A panel of N = 13 prothrombotic DNA polymorphisms (FV R506Q and H1299R, FII G20210A, MTHFR C677T and A1298C, CBS 844ins68, PAI-1 4G/5G, GPIIIa HPA-1 a/b, ACE I/D, AGT T9543C, ATR-1 A1166C, FGB - 455G > A, FXIII103G > T) and N = 2 lipid metabolism-related DNA polymorphisms (APOE T 112C and T158C) were investigated using Reverse Dot Blot technique. Then, we investigated possible associations between genotypic subclasses and demographic, clinical, and laboratory parameters including age, obesity, smoking, pro-inflammatory cytokines, drug therapy, and biomarkers of thrombotic risk such as D-dimer (DD). We found that 58.7% of PE+ had homozygous mutant D/D genotype at ACE I/D locus vs. PE- (40.4%) and 87% of PE+ had homozygous mutant C/C genotype at APOE T158C locus vs. PE- (68.1%). In PE+ group, DD levels were significantly higher in D/D and I/D genotypes at ACE I/D locus (P = 0.00066 and P = 0.00023, respectively) and in C/C and T/C genotypes at APOE T158C locus (P = 1.6e-06 and P = 0.0012, respectively) than PE- group. For the first time, we showed significant associations between higher DD levels and ACE I/D and APOE T158C polymorphisms in PE+ vs. PE- patients suggesting potential useful biomarkers of poor clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giuditta Benincasa
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (DAMSS), University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
| | - Antonietta Coppola
- Department of Intensive Care, A.O.R.N. Ospedali dei Colli, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Anna Annunziata
- Department of Intensive Care, A.O.R.N. Ospedali dei Colli, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Mario Viglietti
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (DAMSS), University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Claudio Napoli
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (DAMSS), University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
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Guardiani M, Zingaropoli MA, Cogliati Dezza F, Centofanti A, Carillo C, Tortellini E, Dominelli F, Napoli A, Del Borgo C, Gaeta A, Venuta F, Vullo V, Lichtner M, Ciardi MR, Mastroianni CM, Russo G. Evaluation of Immunogenicity to Three Doses of the SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccine in Lung Transplant Patients. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10. [PMID: 36298507 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10101642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to explore the humoral and T-cell response in lung transplant (LuT) patients. Two-time points were considered, before (T0) and after (Tpost) the third dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine, comparing LuT with healthy donors (HD). LuT patients showed a lower serologic response against SARS-CoV-2 compared with HD at both time-points (p = 0.0001 and p = 0.0011, respectively). A lower percentage of IFNγ+orIL2+orTNFα+CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells LuT patients was observed in LuT patients compared with HD at T0 (CD4+: p = 0.0001; CD8+: p = 0.0005) and Tpost (CD4+: p = 0.0028; CD8+: p = 0.0114), as well as in the percentage of IFNγ+IL2+TNFα+CD4+ T-cells (T0: p = 0.0247; Tpost: p = 0.0367). Finally, at Tpost, a lower percentage of IFNγ+IL2+TNFα+ CD8+ T-cells in LuT patients compared with HD was found (p = 0.0147). LuT patients were stratified according to the lowest cut-off value for the detection of a humoral response (4.81 BAU/mL) at T0, into responder (R) and non-responder (NR) groups. In the R group, no differences in the percentage of IFNγ+or IL2+orTNFα+ and IFNγ+IL2+TNFα+CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells compared with HD at both time-points were observed. Otherwise, in the NR group, lower percentages of IFNγ+IL2+TNFα+CD4+ T-cells compared with the R group (T0: p = 0.0159; Tpost: p = 0.0159), as well as compared with the HD, at both time-points, were observed (T0: p = 0.0064; Tpost: p = 0.0064). These data seem to confirm that some LuT patients can mount cellular responses even in the absence of a positive humoral response (>33.8 BAU/mL), although this cellular response is dysfunctional and partially detrimental.
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Teresa Vietri M, D'Elia G, Caliendo G, Passariello L, Albanese L, Maria Molinari A, Francesco Angelillo I. Antibody levels after BNT162b2 vaccine booster and SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection. Vaccine 2022; 40:5726-5731. [PMID: 36041940 PMCID: PMC9411148 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.08.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, immunogenicity data in 61 vaccinated healthcare workers (HCWs) either infection naïve (naïve HCWs) or with infection of Delta and/or Omicron COVID-19 (experienced HCWs) were evaluated up to 270 days after the second dose of BNT162b2 vaccine and up to 90 days after a booster dose. A decrease in antibody levels at 270 days following administration of the second dose (p = 0.0335) was observed, although values did not fall below the positivity threshold (33.8 BAU/ml). After booster vaccination, antibody levels increased after 30 days (p = 0.0486), with much higher values than after first and second vaccination. Antibody levels then decreased at 60 and 90 days after the booster dose. A comparison between mean antibody levels of naïve and experienced HCWs revealed higher values in experienced HCWs, resulting from both natural and vaccination-induced immunity. A total of 14.7% of HCWs contracted the Omicron virus variant after the vaccine booster, although none showed severe symptoms. These results support that a booster dose results in a marked increase in antibody response that subsequently decreases over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Vietri
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via L. De Crecchio, 80138 Naples, Italy; U.O.C. Clinical and Molecular Pathology, A.O.U. University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy.
| | - Giovanna D'Elia
- U.O.C. Clinical and Molecular Pathology, A.O.U. University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy.
| | - Gemma Caliendo
- U.O.C. Clinical and Molecular Pathology, A.O.U. University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy.
| | - Luana Passariello
- U.O.C. Clinical and Molecular Pathology, A.O.U. University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy.
| | - Luisa Albanese
- U.O.C. Clinical and Molecular Pathology, A.O.U. University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy.
| | - Anna Maria Molinari
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via L. De Crecchio, 80138 Naples, Italy; U.O.C. Clinical and Molecular Pathology, A.O.U. University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy.
| | - Italo Francesco Angelillo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Via L. Armanni 5, 80138 Naples, Italy.
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Yigit M, Ozkaya-Parlakay A, Cosgun Y, Ince YE, Kalayci F, Yilmaz N, Senel E. Antibody response after a booster dose of BNT162B2mRNA and inactivated COVID-19 vaccine. J Clin Virol Plus 2022; 2:100094. [PMID: 35789553 PMCID: PMC9242696 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcvp.2022.100094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The necessity of a booster dose is a matter that has not been as yet illuminated, although it is noted that neutralizing antibody titers decrease over time. We aimed therefore to evaluate antibody titers and seroconversion rates after a booster mRNA vaccine and a booster inactivated vaccine. Methods A total of 322 participants were divided into three main groups, with two subgroups each, based on their vaccinations and previous infection history. The levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 Ig-G were analyzed with the Elecsys® Anti-SARS-CoV-2 S assay. Results The antibody titers showed a linear and significant increase from one vaccine group to the other, displaying progressive changes from group 2IV to group 3IV, and then to group 2IV/mRNA. All of the seronegative participants were in the 2IV(-) subgroup; 93.3% of the participants whose antibody titers were above the upper limit were in the 2IV/mRNA group. Doctors were much more inclined to have a booster dose and mRNA vaccines than nurses. The status of being a doctor increases the rate of having a booster dose 7.8 times; likewise, each annual increase in age increases the rate 1.05 times. Conclusion Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels decrease over time. The antibody response rate to only two doses of the inactivated vaccine was meager, so a booster dose is necessary to maintain the effectiveness of inactivated vaccines. The third dose of the vaccine, especially that of the mRNA vaccine, which was found to be much more superior to the inactivated vaccine, should be strongly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Metin Yigit
- Department of Pediatrics, Ankara City Hospital, 06800-Bilkent, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aslinur Ozkaya-Parlakay
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Disease, Department of Pediatrics, Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara City Hospital, 06800-Bilkent, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Cosgun
- National Arboviruses and Viral Zoonotic Diseases Laboratory, Microbiology Reference Laboratories Department, Public Health General Directorate of Turkey, 06100-Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yunus Emre Ince
- Department of Pediatrics, Ankara City Hospital, 06800-Bilkent, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Furkan Kalayci
- Department of Pediatrics, Ankara City Hospital, 06800-Bilkent, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Naci Yilmaz
- Department of Pediatrics, Ankara City Hospital, 06800-Bilkent, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Emrah Senel
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara City Hospital, 06800-Bilkent, Ankara, Turkey
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Ciniselli CM, Lecchi M, Figini M, Melani CC, Daidone MG, Morelli D, Zito E, Apolone G, Verderio P. COVID-19 Vaccination in Health Care Workers in Italy: A Literature Review and a Report from a Comprehensive Cancer Center. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10050734. [PMID: 35632490 PMCID: PMC9146113 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10050734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic still represents a global public health emergency, despite the availability of different types of vaccines that reduced the number of severe cases, the hospitalization rate and mortality. The Italian Vaccine Distribution Plan identified healthcare workers (HCWs) as the top-priority category to receive access to a vaccine and different studies on HCWs have been implemented to clarify the duration and kinetics of antibody response. The aim of this paper is to perform a literature review across a total of 44 studies of the serologic response to COVID-19 vaccines in HCWs in Italy and to report the results obtained in a prospective longitudinal study implemented at the Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT) of Milan on 1565 HCWs. At INT we found that 99.81% of the HCWs developed an antibody response one month after the second dose. About six months after the first serology evaluation, 100% of the HCWs were still positive to the antibody, although we observed a significant decrease in its levels. Overall, our literature review results highlight a robust antibody response in most of the HCWs after the second vaccination dose. These figures are also confirmed in our institutional setting seven months after the completion of the cycle of second doses of vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Maura Ciniselli
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; (C.M.C.); (M.L.)
| | - Mara Lecchi
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; (C.M.C.); (M.L.)
| | - Mariangela Figini
- Biomarker Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Cecilia C. Melani
- Scientific Directorate, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; (C.C.M.); (M.G.D.); (G.A.)
| | - Maria Grazia Daidone
- Scientific Directorate, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; (C.C.M.); (M.G.D.); (G.A.)
| | - Daniele Morelli
- Laboratory Medicine, Department of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Emanuela Zito
- ICT, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Apolone
- Scientific Directorate, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; (C.C.M.); (M.G.D.); (G.A.)
| | - Paolo Verderio
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; (C.M.C.); (M.L.)
- Correspondence:
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