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Moghassemi S, Dadashzadeh A, Sousa MJ, Vlieghe H, Yang J, León-Félix CM, Amorim CA. Extracellular vesicles in nanomedicine and regenerative medicine: A review over the last decade. Bioact Mater 2024; 36:126-156. [PMID: 38450204 PMCID: PMC10915394 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are known to be secreted by a vast majority of cells. These sEVs, specifically exosomes, induce specific cell-to-cell interactions and can activate signaling pathways in recipient cells through fusion or interaction. These nanovesicles possess several desirable properties, making them ideal for regenerative medicine and nanomedicine applications. These properties include exceptional stability, biocompatibility, wide biodistribution, and minimal immunogenicity. However, the practical utilization of sEVs, particularly in clinical settings and at a large scale, is hindered by the expensive procedures required for their isolation, limited circulation lifetime, and suboptimal targeting capacity. Despite these challenges, sEVs have demonstrated a remarkable ability to accommodate various cargoes and have found extensive applications in the biomedical sciences. To overcome the limitations of sEVs and broaden their potential applications, researchers should strive to deepen their understanding of current isolation, loading, and characterization techniques. Additionally, acquiring fundamental knowledge about sEVs origins and employing state-of-the-art methodologies in nanomedicine and regenerative medicine can expand the sEVs research scope. This review provides a comprehensive overview of state-of-the-art exosome-based strategies in diverse nanomedicine domains, encompassing cancer therapy, immunotherapy, and biomarker applications. Furthermore, we emphasize the immense potential of exosomes in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Moghassemi
- Pôle de Recherche en Physiopathologie de La Reproduction, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Arezoo Dadashzadeh
- Pôle de Recherche en Physiopathologie de La Reproduction, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Maria João Sousa
- Pôle de Recherche en Physiopathologie de La Reproduction, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hanne Vlieghe
- Pôle de Recherche en Physiopathologie de La Reproduction, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jie Yang
- Pôle de Recherche en Physiopathologie de La Reproduction, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Cecibel María León-Félix
- Pôle de Recherche en Physiopathologie de La Reproduction, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christiani A. Amorim
- Pôle de Recherche en Physiopathologie de La Reproduction, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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2
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Saadh MJ, Mahdi MS, Allela OQB, Alazzawi TS, Ubaid M, Rakhimov NM, Athab ZH, Ramaiah P, Chinnasamy L, Alsaikhan F, Farhood B. Critical role of miR-21/exosomal miR-21 in autophagy pathway. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 257:155275. [PMID: 38643552 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Activation of autophagy, a process of cellular stress response, leads to the breakdown of proteins, organelles, and other parts of the cell in lysosomes, and can be linked to several ailments, such as cancer, neurological diseases, and rare hereditary syndromes. Thus, its regulation is very carefully monitored. Transcriptional and post-translational mechanisms domestically or in whole organisms utilized to control the autophagic activity, have been heavily researched. In modern times, microRNAs (miRNAs) are being considered to have a part in post-translational orchestration of the autophagic activity, with miR-21 as one of the best studied miRNAs, it is often more than expressed in cancer cells. This regulatory RNA is thought to play a major role in a plethora of processes and illnesses including growth, cancer, cardiovascular disease, and inflammation. Different studies have suggested that a few autophagy-oriented genes, such as PTEN, Rab11a, Atg12, SIPA1L2, and ATG5, are all targeted by miR-21, indicating its essential role in the regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed J Saadh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Middle East University, Amman 11831, Jordan
| | | | | | - Tuqa S Alazzawi
- College of dentist, National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, Iraq
| | | | - Nodir M Rakhimov
- Department of Oncology, Samarkand State Medical University, 18 Amir Temur Street, Samarkand, Uzbekistan; Department of Oncology, Tashkent State Dental Institute, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Zainab H Athab
- Department of Pharmacy, Al-Zahrawi University College, Karbala, Iraq
| | | | | | - Fahad Alsaikhan
- College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia jSchool of Pharmacy, Ibn Sina National College for Medical Studies, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Bagher Farhood
- Department of Medical Physics and Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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3
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Kang Y, Wu W, Yang Y, Luo J, Lu Y, Yin L, Cui X. Progress in extracellular vesicle homeostasis as it relates to cardiovascular diseases. J Physiol Biochem 2024:10.1007/s13105-024-01027-w. [PMID: 38687443 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-024-01027-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are involved in both physiological and pathological processes in many organ systems and are essential in mediating intercellular communication and maintaining organismal homeostasis. It is helpful to propose new strategies for disease treatment by elucidating the mechanisms of EV release and sorting. An increasing number of studies have shown that there is specific homeostasis in EVs, which is helpful for the human body to carry out physiological activities. In contrast, an EV homeostasis im-balance promotes or accelerates disease onset and development. Alternatively, regulating the quality of EVs can maintain homeostasis and even achieve the purpose of treating conditions. An analysis of the role of EV homeostasis in the onset and development of cardiovascular disease is presented in this review. This article also summarizes the methods that regulate EV homeostasis and their application in cardiovascular diseases. In particular, this study focuses on the connection between EV steady states and the cardiovascular system and the potential value of EVs in treating cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunan Kang
- College of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, Shandong, P.R. China
- Clinical Medical School, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, Shandong, P.R. China
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Wenqian Wu
- Clinical Medical School, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Yi Yang
- Clinical Medical School, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Jinxi Luo
- Clinical Medical School, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Yajie Lu
- Clinical Medical School, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Luchang Yin
- Clinical Medical School, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, Shandong, P.R. China.
- Internal Medicine-Cardiovascular Department, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, P.R. China.
| | - Xiaodong Cui
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, Shandong, P.R. China.
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4
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Tam S, Wear D, Morrone CD, Yu WH. The complexity of extracellular vesicles: Bridging the gap between cellular communication and neuropathology. J Neurochem 2024. [PMID: 38650384 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.16108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Brain-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) serve a prominent role in maintaining homeostasis and contributing to pathology in health and disease. This review establishes a crucial link between physiological processes leading to EV biogenesis and their impacts on disease. EVs are involved in the clearance and transport of proteins and nucleic acids, responding to changes in cellular processes associated with neurodegeneration, including autophagic disruption, organellar dysfunction, aging, and other cell stresses. In neurodegenerative disorders (e.g., Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, etc.), EVs contribute to the spread of pathological proteins like amyloid β, tau, ɑ-synuclein, prions, and TDP-43, exacerbating neurodegeneration and accelerating disease progression. Despite evidence for both neuropathological and neuroprotective effects of EVs, the mechanistic switch between their physiological and pathological functions remains elusive, warranting further research into their involvement in neurodegenerative disease. Moreover, owing to their innate ability to traverse the blood-brain barrier and their ubiquitous nature, EVs emerge as promising candidates for novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. The review uniquely positions itself at the intersection of EV cell biology, neurophysiology, and neuropathology, offering insights into the diverse biological roles of EVs in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Tam
- Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Darcy Wear
- Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christopher D Morrone
- Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wai Haung Yu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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5
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Mamidi N, Ijadi F, Norahan MH. Leveraging the Recent Advancements in GelMA Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering: An Assessment of Challenges and Opportunities. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:2075-2113. [PMID: 37406611 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
The field of bone tissue engineering has seen significant advancements in recent years. Each year, over two million bone transplants are performed globally, and conventional treatments, such as bone grafts and metallic implants, have their limitations. Tissue engineering offers a new level of treatment, allowing for the creation of living tissue within a biomaterial framework. Recent advances in biomaterials have provided innovative approaches to rebuilding bone tissue function after damage. Among them, gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel is emerging as a promising biomaterial for supporting cell proliferation and tissue regeneration, and GelMA has exhibited exceptional physicochemical and biological properties, making it a viable option for clinical translation. Various methods and classes of additives have been used in the application of GelMA for bone regeneration, with the incorporation of nanofillers or other polymers enhancing its resilience and functional performance. Despite promising results, the fabrication of complex structures that mimic the bone architecture and the provision of balanced physical properties for both cell and vasculature growth and proper stiffness for load bearing remain as challenges. In terms of utilizing osteogenic additives, the priority should be on versatile components that promote angiogenesis and osteogenesis while reinforcing the structure for bone tissue engineering applications. This review focuses on recent efforts and advantages of GelMA-based composite biomaterials for bone tissue engineering, covering the literature from the last five years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narsimha Mamidi
- Department of Chemistry and Nanotechnology, School of Engineering and Science, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Nuevo León 64849, México
- Wisconsin Center for NanoBioSystems, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
| | - Fatemeh Ijadi
- Department of Chemistry and Nanotechnology, School of Engineering and Science, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Nuevo León 64849, México
| | - Mohammad Hadi Norahan
- Centro de Biotecnología-FEMSA, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Nuevo León 64849, México
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6
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Qin X, Zeng B, Sooranna SR, Li M. LAMB3 Promotes Myofibrogenesis and Cytoskeletal Reorganization in Endometrial Stromal Cells via the RhoA/ROCK1/MYL9 Pathway. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024; 82:127-137. [PMID: 37801199 PMCID: PMC10867058 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-023-01186-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
LAMB3, a major extracellular matrix and basal membrane component, is involved in wound healing. We aimed to understand its role in Asherman's syndrome (AS), which is associated with infertility, by using bioinformatics analysis and cultured endometrial stromal cells (ESCs). MRNAs extracted from tissues obtained from control subjects and patients with severe intrauterine adhesion were sequenced and subjected to bioinformatics analysis and the RhoA/ROCK1/MYL9 pathway was implicated and this subsequently studied using cultured primary ESCs. The effects of overexpression and knockdown and activation and inhibition of LAMB3 on the mesenchymal to myofibroblastic phenotypic transformation of ECCs were assessed using PCR and western blot analysis. Phalloidin was used to localize the actin cytoskeletal proteins. Silencing of LAMB3 reversed the TGF-β-induced ESC myofibroblast phenotype conversion, whereas overexpression of LAMB3 promoted this process. Activation and silencing of LAMB3 led to remodeling of the ESC cytoskeleton. Overexpression and silencing of LAMB3 caused activation and inhibition of ESCs, respectively. Y-27632 and LPA reversed the activation and inhibition of the RhoA/ROCK1/MYL9 pathway after overexpression and silencing, respectively. These results suggest that LAMB3 can regulate ESC fibrosis transformation and cytoskeleton remodeling via the RhoA/ROCK1/MYL9 pathway. This study provides a potential new target for gene therapy and drug intervention of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Qin
- Gynecology Section, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, 530000, Nanning, China
| | - Bin Zeng
- Reproductive Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, 530000, Nanning, China
| | - Suren R Sooranna
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction Faculty of Medicine Imperial College London Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, London, SW10 9NH, UK
- Life Science and Clinical Research Center, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Mujun Li
- Reproductive Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, 530000, Nanning, China.
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Zhang X, Wang H, Cai X, Zhang A, Liu E, Li Z, Jiang T, Li D, Ding W. α7nAChR Activation Combined with Endothelial Progenitor Cell Transplantation Attenuates Lung Injury in Diabetic Rats with Sepsis through the NF-κB Pathway. Inflammation 2024:10.1007/s10753-024-01980-0. [PMID: 38302679 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-024-01980-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Chronic diabetes mellitus compromises the vascular system, which causes organ injury, including in the lung. Due to the strong compensatory ability of the lung, patients always exhibit subclinical symptoms. Once sepsis occurs, the degree of lung injury is more severe under hyperglycemic conditions. The α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) plays an important role in regulating inflammation and metabolism and can improve endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) functions. In the present study, lung injury caused by sepsis was compared between diabetic rats and normal rats. We also examined whether α7nAChR activation combined with EPC transplantation could ameliorate lung injury in diabetic sepsis rats. A type 2 diabetic model was induced in rats via a high-fat diet and streptozotocin. Then, a rat model of septic lung injury was established by intraperitoneal injection combined with endotracheal instillation of LPS. The oxygenation indices, wet-to-dry ratios, and histopathological scores of the lungs were tested after PNU282987 treatment and EPC transplantation. IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, and IL-10 levels were measured. Caspase-3, Bax, Bcl-2, and phosphorylated NF-κB (p-NF-κB) levels were determined by blotting. Sepsis causes obvious lung injury, which is exacerbated by diabetic conditions. α7nAChR activation and endothelial progenitor cell transplantation reduced lung injury in diabetic sepsis rats, alleviating inflammation and decreasing apoptosis. This treatment was more effective when PNU282987 and endothelial progenitor cells were administered together. p-NF-κB levels decreased following treatment with PNU282987 and EPCs. In conclusion, α7nAChR activation combined with EPC transplantation can alleviate lung injury in diabetic sepsis rats through the NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Haixu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuemin Cai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanchong Central Hospital, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Aijia Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Enran Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhiyuan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Dongmei Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wengang Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, China.
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8
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Wu Y, Zhang Z, Sun X, Wang J, Shen H, Sun X, Wang Z. Stromal cell-derived factor-1 downregulation contributes to neuroprotection mediated by CXC chemokine receptor 4 interactions after intracerebral hemorrhage in rats. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14400. [PMID: 37614198 PMCID: PMC10848108 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) and CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) have a substantial role in neuronal formation, differentiation, remodeling, and maturation and participate in multiple physiological and pathological events. In this study, we investigated the role of SDF-1/CXCR4 in neural functional injury and neuroprotection after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). METHODS Western blot, immunofluorescence and immunoprecipitation were used to detect SDF-1/CXCR4 expression and combination respectively after ICH. TUNEL staining, Lactate dehydrogenase assay, Reactive oxygen species assay, and Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to study neuronal damage; Brain water content to assay brain edema, Neurological scores to assess short-term neurological deficits. Pharmacological inhibition and genetic intervention of SDF-1/CXCR4 signaling were also used in this study. RESULTS ICH induced upregulation of SDF-1/CXCR4 and increased their complex formation, whereas AMD3100 significantly reduced it. The levels of TNF-α and IL-1β were significantly reduced after AMD3100 treatment. Additionally, AMD3100 treatment can alleviate neurobehavioral dysfunction of ICH rats. Conversely, simultaneous SDF-1/CXCR4 overexpression induced the opposite effect. Moreover, immunoprecipitation confirmed that SDF-1/CXCR4 combined to initiate neurodamage effects. CONCLUSION This study indicated that inhibition of SDF-1/CXCR4 complex formation can rescue the inflammatory response and alleviate neurobehavioral dysfunction after ICH. SDF-1/CXCR4 may have applications as a therapeutic target after ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research LaboratoryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySu ZhouChina
| | - Zhuwei Zhang
- Department of NeurosurgeryLinyi People's HospitalLinyiChina
| | - Xiaoou Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research LaboratoryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySu ZhouChina
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research LaboratoryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySu ZhouChina
| | - Haitao Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research LaboratoryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySu ZhouChina
| | - Xue Sun
- Department of Emergency MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySu ZhouChina
| | - Zhong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research LaboratoryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySu ZhouChina
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9
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Wang P, Shao W, Li Z, Wang B, Lv X, Huang Y, Feng Y. Non-bone-derived exosomes: a new perspective on regulators of bone homeostasis. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:70. [PMID: 38273356 PMCID: PMC10811851 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01431-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that exosomes help to regulate bone homeostasis. The roles of bone-derived exosomes have been well-described; however, recent studies have shown that some non-bone-derived exosomes have better bone targeting ability than bone-derived exosomes and that their performance as a drug delivery vehicle for regulating bone homeostasis may be better than that of bone-derived exosomes, and the sources of non-bone-derived exosomes are more extensive and can thus be better for clinical needs. Here, we sort non-bone-derived exosomes and describe their composition and biogenesis. Their roles and specific mechanisms in bone homeostasis and bone-related diseases are also discussed. Furthermore, we reveal obstacles to current research and future challenges in the practical application of exosomes, and we provide potential strategies for more effective application of exosomes for the regulation of bone homeostasis and the treatment of bone-related diseases. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Wenkai Shao
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zilin Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xiao Lv
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yiyao Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yong Feng
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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Tan F, Li X, Wang Z, Li J, Shahzad K, Zheng J. Clinical applications of stem cell-derived exosomes. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:17. [PMID: 38212307 PMCID: PMC10784577 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01704-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Although stem cell-based therapy has demonstrated considerable potential to manage certain diseases more successfully than conventional surgery, it nevertheless comes with inescapable drawbacks that might limit its clinical translation. Compared to stem cells, stem cell-derived exosomes possess numerous advantages, such as non-immunogenicity, non-infusion toxicity, easy access, effortless preservation, and freedom from tumorigenic potential and ethical issues. Exosomes can inherit similar therapeutic effects from their parental cells such as embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells through vertical delivery of their pluripotency or multipotency. After a thorough search and meticulous dissection of relevant literature from the last five years, we present this comprehensive, up-to-date, specialty-specific and disease-oriented review to highlight the surgical application and potential of stem cell-derived exosomes. Exosomes derived from stem cells (e.g., embryonic, induced pluripotent, hematopoietic, mesenchymal, neural, and endothelial stem cells) are capable of treating numerous diseases encountered in orthopedic surgery, neurosurgery, plastic surgery, general surgery, cardiothoracic surgery, urology, head and neck surgery, ophthalmology, and obstetrics and gynecology. The diverse therapeutic effects of stem cells-derived exosomes are a hierarchical translation through tissue-specific responses, and cell-specific molecular signaling pathways. In this review, we highlight stem cell-derived exosomes as a viable and potent alternative to stem cell-based therapy in managing various surgical conditions. We recommend that future research combines wisdoms from surgeons, nanomedicine practitioners, and stem cell researchers in this relevant and intriguing research area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Tan
- Department of ORL-HNS, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, and School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
- Plasma Medicine and Surgical Implants Center, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
- The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.
- The Royal College of Surgeons of England, London, UK.
| | - Xuran Li
- Department of ORL-HNS, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, and School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Plasma Medicine and Surgical Implants Center, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhao Wang
- Department of ORL-HNS, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, and School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaojiao Li
- Department of ORL-HNS, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, and School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Plasma Medicine and Surgical Implants Center, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Khawar Shahzad
- Department of ORL-HNS, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, and School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Plasma Medicine and Surgical Implants Center, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jialin Zheng
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Nanocatalytic Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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11
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Taheriazam A, Entezari M, Firouz ZM, Hajimazdarany S, Hossein Heydargoy M, Amin Moghadassi AH, Moghadaci A, Sadrani A, Motahhary M, Harif Nashtifani A, Zabolian A, Tabari T, Hashemi M, Raesi R, Jiang M, Zhang X, Salimimoghadam S, Ertas YN, Sun D. Eco-friendly chitosan-based nanostructures in diabetes mellitus therapy: Promising bioplatforms with versatile therapeutic perspectives. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 228:115912. [PMID: 37068723 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Nature-derived polymers, or biopolymers, are among the most employed materials for the development of nanocarriers. Chitosan (CS) is derived from the acetylation of chitin, and this biopolymer displays features such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, low toxicity, and ease of modification. CS-based nano-scale delivery systems have been demonstrated to be promising carriers for drug and gene delivery, and they can provide site-specific delivery of cargo. Owing to the high biocompatibility of CS-based nanocarriers, they can be used in the future in clinical trials. On the other hand, diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease that can develop due to a lack of insulin secretion or insulin sensitivity. Recently, CS-based nanocarriers have been extensively applied for DM therapy. Oral delivery of insulin is the most common use of CS nanoparticles in DM therapy, and they improve the pharmacological bioavailability of insulin. Moreover, CS-based nanostructures with mucoadhesive features can improve oral bioavailability of insulin. CS-based hydrogels have been developed for the sustained release of drugs and the treatment of DM complications such as wound healing. Furthermore, CS-based nanoparticles can mediate delivery of phytochemicals and other therapeutic agents in DM therapy, and they are promising compounds for the treatment of DM complications, including nephropathy, neuropathy, and cardiovascular diseases, among others. The surface modification of nanostructures with CS can improve their properties in terms of drug delivery and release, biocompatibility, and others, causing high attention to these nanocarriers in DM therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshin Taheriazam
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Mohammadi Firouz
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shima Hajimazdarany
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Amir Hossein Amin Moghadassi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Amin Sadrani
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Amirhossein Zabolian
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Teimour Tabari
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Rasoul Raesi
- Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Mengyuan Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, China
| | - Xuebin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, China
| | - Shokooh Salimimoghadam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Yavuz Nuri Ertas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey; ERNAM-Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Dongdong Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, China.
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12
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Yuan F, Peng W, Yang Y, Xu J, Liu Y, Xie Y, Huang T, Shi C, Ding Y, Li C, Qin T, Xie S, Zhu F, Lu H, Huang J, Hu J. Endothelial progenitor cell-derived exosomes promote anti-inflammatory macrophages via SOCS3/JAK2/STAT3 axis and improve the outcome of spinal cord injury. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:156. [PMID: 37391774 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02833-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Macrophage in the spinal cord injury (SCI) area imparts a chronic pro-inflammation effect that challenges the recovery of SCI. Previously, endothelial progenitor cell-produced exosomes (EPC-EXOs) have been noticed to facilitate revascularization and inflammation control after SCI. However, their effects on macrophage polarization remained unclear. This study aimed to investigate the EPC-EXOs' role in macrophage polarization and reveal its underlying mechanism. METHODS We extracted the macrophages and EPC from the bone marrow suspension of C57BL/L mice by centrifugation. After cell identification, the EPC-EXOs were collected by ultra-high-speed centrifugation and exosome extraction kits and identified by transmission electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis. Then, macrophages were cultured with EPC-EXOs in different concentrations. We labeled the exosome to confirm its internalization by macrophage and detected the macrophage polarization marker level both in vitro and in vivo. We further estimated EPC-EXOs' protective effects on SCI by mice spinal cord tissue H&E staining and motor behavior evaluation. Finally, we performed RT-qPCR to identify the upregulated miRNA in EPC-EXOs and manipulate its expression to estimate its role in macrophage polarization, SOCS3/JAK2/STAT3 pathway activation, and motor behavior improvement. RESULTS We found that EPC-EXOs decreased the macrophages' pro-inflammatory marker expression and increased their anti-inflammatory marker expression on the 7 and 14 days after SCI. The spinal cord H&E staining results showed that EPC-EXOs raised the tissue-sparing area rate significantly after 28 days of SCI and the motor behavior evaluation indicated an increased BMS score and motor-evoked potential by EPC-EXOs treatment after SCI. The RT-qPCR assay identified that miR-222-3P upregulated in EPC-EXOs and its miRNA-mimic also decreased the pro-inflammatory macrophages and increased the anti-inflammatory macrophages. Additionally, miR-222-3P mimic activated the SOCS3/JAK2/STAT3 pathway, and SOCS3/JAK2/STAT3 pathway inhibition blocked miR-2223P's effects on macrophage polarization and mouse motor behavior. CONCLUSION Comprehensively, we discovered that EPC-EXOs-derived miR-222-3p affected macrophage polarization via SOCS3/JAK2/STAT3 pathway and promoted mouse functional repair after SCI, which reveals EPC-EXOs' role in modulation of macrophage phenotype and will provide a novel interventional strategy to induce post-SCI recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Yuan
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Wei Peng
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Department of Spine Surgery, Wuxi Ninth People's Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuying Yang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Jiaqi Xu
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Yudong Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Yong Xie
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Tingmo Huang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Chaoran Shi
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Yinghe Ding
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Chengjun Li
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Tian Qin
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Shanshan Xie
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Fengzhang Zhu
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Hongbin Lu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Jianjun Huang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Ningde City Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Ningde, China.
| | - Jianzhong Hu
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China.
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
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Moeinabadi-Bidgoli K, Rezaee M, Hossein-Khannazer N, Babajani A, Aghdaei HA, Arki MK, Afaghi S, Niknejad H, Vosough M. Exosomes for angiogenesis induction in ischemic disorders. J Cell Mol Med 2023; 27:763-787. [PMID: 36786037 PMCID: PMC10003030 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischaemic disorders are leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. While the current therapeutic approaches have improved life expectancy and quality of life, they are unable to "cure" ischemic diseases and instate regeneration of damaged tissues. Exosomes are a class of extracellular vesicles with an average size of 100-150 nm, secreted by many cell types and considered a potent factor of cells for paracrine effects. Since exosomes contain multiple bioactive components such as growth factors, molecular intermediates of different intracellular pathways, microRNAs and nucleic acids, they are considered as cell-free therapeutics. Besides, exosomes do not rise cell therapy concerns such as teratoma formation, alloreactivity and thrombotic events. In addition, exosomes are stored and utilized more convenient. Interestingly, exosomes could be an ideal complementary therapeutic tool for ischemic disorders. In this review, we discussed therapeutic functions of exosomes in ischemic disorders including angiogenesis induction through various mechanisms with specific attention to vascular endothelial growth factor pathway. Furthermore, different delivery routes of exosomes and different modification strategies including cell preconditioning, gene modification and bioconjugation, were highlighted. Finally, pre-clinical and clinical investigations in which exosomes were used were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasra Moeinabadi-Bidgoli
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastroenterology Disorders Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Malihe Rezaee
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nikoo Hossein-Khannazer
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhesam Babajani
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastroenterology Disorders Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mandana Kazem Arki
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Siamak Afaghi
- Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Niknejad
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Massoud Vosough
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.,Experimental Cancer Medicine, Institution for Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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14
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Oporto K, Radojkovic C, Mellisho EA, Zúñiga F, Ormazábal V, Guzmán-Gutiérrez E, Nova-Lamperti E, Rodríguez-Álvarez L, Aranda M, Escudero C, Aguayo C. Adenosine promoted angiogenesis mediated by the release of small extracellular vesicles from human endothelial progenitor cells. Microvasc Res 2023; 148:104498. [PMID: 36863509 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2023.104498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are stem cells mainly derived from bone marrow; from where they migrate to repair and regenerate damaged tissues. eEPCs have been classified into two sub-populations, early (eEPC) and late EPCs (lEPC), depending on maturation stages in vitro. In addition, eEPC release endocrine mediators, including small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), which in turn may enhance the eEPC-mediated wound healing properties. Nevertheless, adenosine contributes to angiogenesis by recruiting eEPC at the injury site. However, whether ARs may enhance the secretome of eEPC, including sEVs, is unknown. Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether AR activation increase the release of sEVs in eEPC, which in turn has paracrine effects on recipient endothelial cells. Results shown that 5'-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine (NECA), a non-selective agonist, increase both the protein levels of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and the number of sEVs released to the conditioned medium (CM) in primary culture of eEPC. Importantly, CM and EVs harvested from NECA-stimulated eEPC promote in vitro angiogenesis, without changes in cell proliferation, in recipient ECV-304 endothelial cells. This constitutes the first evidence showing that adenosine enhances sEVs release from eEPC, which has pro-angiogenic capacity on recipient endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Oporto
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Claudia Radojkovic
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
| | - Edwin A Mellisho
- Centro de Investigación en Tecnología de Embriones, Facultad de Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Lima, Peru.
| | - Felipe Zúñiga
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
| | - Valeska Ormazábal
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pharmacology Department, University of Concepcion, Concepción, Chile.
| | - Enrique Guzmán-Gutiérrez
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
| | - Estefanía Nova-Lamperti
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
| | - Lleretny Rodríguez-Álvarez
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile.
| | - Mario Aranda
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Fármacos y Alimentos, Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Carlos Escudero
- Vascular Physiology Laboratory, Department of Basic Sciences, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chillán, Chile; Group of Research and Innovation in Vascular Health (GRIVAS Health), Chillán, Chile.
| | - Claudio Aguayo
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile; Group of Research and Innovation in Vascular Health (GRIVAS Health), Chillán, Chile.
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15
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Liu F, Sun T, An Y, Ming L, Li Y, Zhou Z, Shang F. The potential therapeutic role of extracellular vesicles in critical-size bone defects: Spring of cell-free regenerative medicine is coming. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1050916. [PMID: 36733961 PMCID: PMC9887316 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1050916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the incidence of critical-size bone defects has significantly increased. Critical-size bone defects seriously affect patients' motor functions and quality of life and increase the need for additional clinical treatments. Bone tissue engineering (BTE) has made great progress in repairing critical-size bone defects. As one of the main components of bone tissue engineering, stem cell-based therapy is considered a potential effective strategy to regenerate bone tissues. However, there are some disadvantages including phenotypic changes, immune rejection, potential tumorigenicity, low homing efficiency and cell survival rate that restrict its wider clinical applications. Evidence has shown that the positive biological effects of stem cells on tissue repair are largely mediated through paracrine action by nanostructured extracellular vesicles (EVs), which may overcome the limitations of traditional stem cell-based treatments. In addition to stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles, the potential therapeutic roles of nonstem cell-derived extracellular vesicles in critical-size bone defect repair have also attracted attention from scholars in recent years. Currently, the development of extracellular vesicles-mediated cell-free regenerative medicine is still in the preliminary stage, and the specific mechanisms remain elusive. Herein, the authors first review the research progress and possible mechanisms of extracellular vesicles combined with bone tissue engineering scaffolds to promote bone regeneration via bioactive molecules. Engineering modified extracellular vesicles is an emerging component of bone tissue engineering and its main progression and clinical applications will be discussed. Finally, future perspectives and challenges of developing extracellular vesicle-based regenerative medicine will be given. This review may provide a theoretical basis for the future development of extracellular vesicle-based biomedicine and provide clinical references for promoting the repair of critical-size bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Liu
- Department of Periodontology, Shenzhen Stomatological Hospital (Pingshan), Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Tianyu Sun
- Department of Periodontology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying An
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture and Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Leiguo Ming
- Department of Research and Development, Shaanxi Zhonghong Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yinghui Li
- Department of Orthodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Zhifei Zhou
- Department of Stomatology, General Hospital of Tibetan Military Command, Lhasa, Tibet, China,*Correspondence: Fengqing Shang, ; Zhifei Zhou,
| | - Fengqing Shang
- Department of Stomatology, Air Force Medical Center, Fourth Military Medical University, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Fengqing Shang, ; Zhifei Zhou,
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16
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Shi X, Seidle KA, Simms KJ, Dong F, Chilian WM, Zhang P. Endothelial progenitor cells in the host defense response. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 241:108315. [PMID: 36436689 PMCID: PMC9944665 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Extensive injury of endothelial cells in blood vasculature, especially in the microcirculatory system, frequently occurs in hosts suffering from sepsis and the accompanied systemic inflammation. Pathological factors, including toxic components derived from invading microbes, oxidative stress associated with tissue ischemia/reperfusion, and vessel active mediators generated during the inflammatory response, are known to play important roles in mediating endothelial injury. Collapse of microcirculation and tissue edema developed from the failure of endothelial barrier function in vital organ systems, including the lung, brain, and kidney, are detrimental, which often predict fatal outcomes. The host body possesses a substantial capacity for maintaining vascular homeostasis and repairing endothelial damage. Bone marrow and vascular wall niches house endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). In response to septic challenges, EPCs in their niche environment are rapidly activated for proliferation and angiogenic differentiation. In the meantime, release of EPCs from their niches into the blood stream and homing of these vascular precursors to tissue sites of injury are markedly increased. The recruited EPCs actively participate in host defense against endothelial injury and repair of damage in blood vasculature via direct differentiation into endothelial cells for re-endothelialization as well as production of vessel active mediators to exert paracrine and autocrine effects on angiogenesis/vasculogenesis. In recent years, investigations on significance of EPCs in host defense and molecular signaling mechanisms underlying regulation of the EPC response have achieved substantial progress, which promotes exploration of vascular precursor cell-based approaches for effective prevention and treatment of sepsis-induced vascular injury as well as vital organ system failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Shi
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University College of Medicine, Rootstown, OH 44272, United States of America
| | - Kelly A Seidle
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University College of Medicine, Rootstown, OH 44272, United States of America
| | - Kevin J Simms
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University College of Medicine, Rootstown, OH 44272, United States of America
| | - Feng Dong
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University College of Medicine, Rootstown, OH 44272, United States of America
| | - William M Chilian
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University College of Medicine, Rootstown, OH 44272, United States of America
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University College of Medicine, Rootstown, OH 44272, United States of America.
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17
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Liu J, Sun W, Liu C, Na Q. Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Exosomes in Maternal-Fetal Disease: a Review. Reprod Sci 2023; 30:54-61. [PMID: 35157260 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-022-00879-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The nutrients and other factors transported by umbilical cord blood, which is vital for fetal survival, play crucial roles in fetal development. There are various communication modes between the fetal-placental system and the maternal-placental system, and these communication modes are all mediated by umbilical cord blood. During the process of umbilical cord blood transportation, the changes of some nutrients and factors may play a key role in fetal development. Exosomes, which are members of the extracellular vesicle family, are present in the umbilical cord blood and play roles in information transmission as a result of their efficient cellular communication activity. The study of umbilical cord blood-derived exosomes provides a new approach for research on the etiology of maternal-fetal diseases and they may be useful for the development of intrauterine treatments. This review summarizes specific functions and research directions regarding umbilical cord blood-derived exosomes, and their potential associations with pregnancy complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Caixia Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Quan Na
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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Sun H, Morihara R, Feng T, Bian Z, Yu H, Hu X, Hu X, Bian Y, Sasaki R, Fukui Y, Takemoto M, Yunoki T, Nakano Y, Abe K, Yamashita T. Human Cord Blood-Endothelial Progenitor Cells Alleviate Intimal Hyperplasia of Arterial Damage in a Rat Stroke Model. Cell Transplant 2023; 32:9636897231193069. [PMID: 37615293 PMCID: PMC10467372 DOI: 10.1177/09636897231193069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Human cord blood-endothelial progenitor cells (hCB-EPCs) isolated from the human umbilical cord can be used to repair damaged arteries. In this study, we used an animal model with pathological changes that mimics artery wall damage caused by stent retrievers in humans. We injected hCB-EPCs to investigate their effect on endothelial hyperplasia and dysfunction during intimal repair. Four groups were established based on the length of reperfusion (3 and 28 days), as well as the presence or absence of hCB-EPC therapy. Damage to the internal carotid artery was evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemical staining. Stroke volume was not significantly different between non-EPC and EPC groups although EPC treatment alleviated intimal hyperplasia 28 days after intimal damage. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and eNOS expression were significantly higher in the EPC-treated group than in the non-EPC group 3 days after intimal damage. In addition, MMP9 and 4HNE expression in the EPC-treated group was significantly lower than in the non-EPC group. Ultimately, this study found that venous transplantation of hCB-EPCs could inhibit neointimal hyperplasia, alleviate endothelial dysfunction, suppress intimal inflammation, and reduce oxidative stress during healing of intimal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongming Sun
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Ryuta Morihara
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tian Feng
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Zhihong Bian
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Haibo Yu
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Xiao Hu
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Xinran Hu
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yuting Bian
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Ryo Sasaki
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yusuke Fukui
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Mami Takemoto
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Taijun Yunoki
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yumiko Nakano
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Koji Abe
- National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toru Yamashita
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
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19
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Ramasubramanian L, Jyothi H, Goldbloom-Helzner L, Light BM, Kumar P, Carney RP, Farmer DL, Wang A. Development and Characterization of Bioinspired Lipid Raft Nanovesicles for Therapeutic Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:54458-54477. [PMID: 36448709 PMCID: PMC9756296 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c13868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Lipid rafts are highly ordered regions of the plasma membrane enriched in signaling proteins and lipids. Their biological potential is realized in exosomes, a subclass of extracellular vesicles (EVs) that originate from the lipid raft domains. Previous studies have shown that EVs derived from human placental mesenchymal stromal cells (PMSCs) possess strong neuroprotective and angiogenic properties. However, clinical translation of EVs is challenged by very low, impure, and heterogeneous yields. Therefore, in this study, lipid rafts are validated as a functional biomaterial that can recapitulate the exosomal membrane and then be synthesized into biomimetic nanovesicles. Lipidomic and proteomic analyses show that lipid raft isolates retain functional lipids and proteins comparable to PMSC-EV membranes. PMSC-derived lipid raft nanovesicles (LRNVs) are then synthesized at high yields using a facile, extrusion-based methodology. Evaluation of biological properties reveals that LRNVs can promote neurogenesis and angiogenesis through modulation of lipid raft-dependent signaling pathways. A proof-of-concept methodology further shows that LRNVs could be loaded with proteins or other bioactive cargo for greater disease-specific functionalities, thus presenting a novel type of biomimetic nanovesicles that can be leveraged as targeted therapeutics for regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalithasri Ramasubramanian
- Department
of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, California 95817, United States
- Institute
for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Shriners
Hospitals for Children, Sacramento, California 95817, United States
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
California-Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Harsha Jyothi
- Department
of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, California 95817, United States
| | - Leora Goldbloom-Helzner
- Department
of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, California 95817, United States
- Institute
for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Shriners
Hospitals for Children, Sacramento, California 95817, United States
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
California-Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Brandon M. Light
- Department
of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, California 95817, United States
| | - Priyadarsini Kumar
- Department
of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, California 95817, United States
- Institute
for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Shriners
Hospitals for Children, Sacramento, California 95817, United States
| | - Randy P. Carney
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
California-Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Diana L. Farmer
- Department
of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, California 95817, United States
- Institute
for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Shriners
Hospitals for Children, Sacramento, California 95817, United States
| | - Aijun Wang
- Department
of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, California 95817, United States
- Institute
for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Shriners
Hospitals for Children, Sacramento, California 95817, United States
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
California-Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
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20
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Liao F, Liao Z, Zhang T, Jiang W, Zhu P, Zhao Z, Shi H, Zhao D, Zhou N, Huang X. ECFC-derived exosomal THBS1 mediates angiogenesis and osteogenesis in distraction osteogenesis via the PI3K/AKT/ERK pathway. J Orthop Translat 2022; 37:12-22. [PMID: 36196150 PMCID: PMC9513111 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2022.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Distraction osteogenesis (DO) is a widely used bone regenerative technique. However, the DO process is slow, and the consolidation phase is long. Therefore, it is of great clinical significance to explore the mechanism of DO, and shorten its duration. Recent studies reported that stem cell exosomes may play an important role in promoting angiogenesis related to DO, but the mechanism remains unclear. Methods Canine endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) were isolated and cultured, and the expression of THBS1 in canine ECFCs were inhibited using a lentiviral vector. The exosomes secreted by canine ECFCs were isolated and extracted, and the effect of exosomes on the angiogenic activity of Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was detected by proliferation, migration, and tube formation experiments. WB and qRT-PCR were used to explore the effects and mechanisms of THBS1-mediated ECFC-Exos on HUVECs angiogenesis. Then, a mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO) model was established in adult male beagles, and exosomes were injected into the canine peripheral blood. Micro-CT, H&E, Masson, and IHC staining were used to explore the effects and mechanisms of THBS1-mediated ECFC-Exos on angiogenesis and osteogenesis in the DO area. Results ECFC-Exo accelerated HUVECs proliferation, migration and tube formation, and this ability was enhanced by inhibiting the expression of THBS1 in ECFC-Exo. Using Western blot-mediated detection, we demonstrated that inhibiting THBS1 expression in ECFCs-Exo activated PI3K, AKT, and ERK phosphorylation levels in HUVECs, which promoted VEGF and bFGF expressions. In the DO model of the canine mandible, ECFCs-Exo injected into the peripheral blood aggregated into the DO gap, thus promoting angiogenesis and bone formation in the DO tissue by reducing THBS1 expression in ECFC-Exo. Conclusion Our findings suggested that ECFC-Exos markedly enhances angiogenesis of endothelial cells, and promotes bone healing in canine MDO. Thus, THBS1 plays a crucial role in the ECFC-Exos-mediated regulation of canine MDO angiogenesis and bone remodeling. The translational potential of this article This study reveals that the angiogenic promotion via THBS1 suppression in ECFC-Exos may be a promising strategy for shortening the DO duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengchun Liao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, 10 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease Treatment, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziqi Liao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, 10 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease Treatment, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, 10 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease Treatment, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Weidong Jiang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, 10 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease Treatment, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Peiqi Zhu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, 10 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease Treatment, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenchen Zhao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, 10 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease Treatment, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Henglei Shi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, 10 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease Treatment, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Zhao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, 10 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease Treatment, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Nuo Zhou
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, 10 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease Treatment, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Corresponding author. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, 10 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xuanping Huang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, 10 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease Treatment, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Corresponding author. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, 10 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China.
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21
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Wan G, Xu Z, Xiang X, Zhang M, Jiang T, Chen J, Li S, Wang C, Yan C, Yang X, Chen Z. Elucidation of endothelial progenitor cell dysfunction in diabetes by RNA sequencing and constructing lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA competing endogenous RNA network. J Mol Med (Berl) 2022; 100:1569-1585. [PMID: 36094536 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-022-02251-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
With the rapid increase in the incidence of diabetes, non-healing diabetic wounds have posed a huge challenge to public health. Endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) has been widely reported to promote wound repairing, while its number and function were suppressed in diabetes. However, the specific mechanisms and competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network of EPCs in diabetes remain largely unknown. Thus, the transcriptome analyses were carried in the present study to clarify the mechanism underlying EPCs dysfunction in diabetes. EPCs were successfully isolated from rats. Compared to the control, diabetic rat-derived EPCs displayed impaired proliferation, migration, and tube formation ability. The differentially expressed (DE) RNAs were successfully identified by RNA sequencing in the control and diabetic groups. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses indicated that DE mRNAs were significantly enriched in terms and pathways involved in the functions of EPCs and wound healing. Protein-protein interaction networks revealed critical DE mRNAs in the above groups. Moreover, the whole lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA network was constructed, in which 9 lncRNAs, 9 mRNAs, and 5 miRNAs were further validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Rno-miR-10b-5p and Tgfb2 were identified as key regulators of EPCs dysfunction in diabetes. The present research provided novel insight into the underlying mechanism of EPCs dysfunction in diabetes and prompted potential targets to restore the impaired functions, thus accelerating diabetic wound healing. KEY MESSAGES: • Compared to the control, diabetic rat-derived EPCs displayed impaired proliferation, migration, and tube formation ability. • The DE RNAs were successfully identified by RNA sequencing in the control and diabetic groups and analyzed by DE, GO, and KEGG analysis. • PPI and lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA networks were constructed. • 9 lncRNAs, 9 mRNAs, and 5 miRNAs were further validated by qRT-PCR. • Rno-miR-10b-5p and Tgfb2 were identified as key regulators of EPCs dysfunction in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui Wan
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zhao Xu
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xuejiao Xiang
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Maojie Zhang
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Shengbo Li
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Chengqi Yan
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xiaofan Yang
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Zhenbing Chen
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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22
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Xu N, Liu J, Li X. Therapeutic role of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Endocr J 2022; 69:1159-1172. [PMID: 35858781 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej22-0123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Findings of preclinical studies and recent phase I/II clinical trials have shown that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play a significant role in the development of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Thus, MSCs have attracted increasing attention as a novel regenerative therapy for kidney diseases. This review summarizes recent literature on the roles and potential mechanisms, including hyperglycemia regulation, anti-inflammation, anti-fibrosis, pro-angiogenesis, and renal function protection, of MSC-based treatment methods for DKD. This review provides novel insights into understanding the pathogenesis of DKD and guiding the development of biological therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Xu
- Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Xiangling Li
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
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23
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Exosome in Crosstalk between Inflammation and Angiogenesis: A Potential Therapeutic Strategy for Stroke. Mediators Inflamm 2022; 2022:7006281. [PMID: 36052309 PMCID: PMC9427301 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7006281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The endothelial dysfunction, associated with inflammation and vascular permeability, remains the key event in the pathogenesis of cerebral ischemic stroke. Angiogenesis is essential for neuroprotection and neural repair following stroke. The neuroinflammatory reaction plays a vital role in stroke, and inhibition of inflammation contributes to establishing an appropriate external environment for angiogenesis. Exosomes are the heterogeneous population of extracellular vesicles which play critical roles in intercellular communication through transmitting various proteins and nucleic acids to nearby and distant recipient cells by body fluids and circulation. Recent reports have shown that exosomal therapy is a valuable and potential treatment strategy for stroke. In this review, we discussed the exosomes in complex interaction mechanisms of angiogenesis and inflammation following stroke as well as the challenges of exosomal studies such as secretion, uptake, modification, and application.
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24
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Zhuang J, Hang R, Sun R, Ding Y, Yao X, Hang R, Sun H, Bai L. Multifunctional exosomes derived from bone marrow stem cells for fulfilled osseointegration. Front Chem 2022; 10:984131. [PMID: 36072705 PMCID: PMC9441814 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.984131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have self-renewal, multi-directional differentiation potential, and immune regulation function and are widely used for de novo bone formation. However, the wide variation in individual amplification, the potential risk of cancer cell contamination, and the need for culture time significantly limit their widespread use clinically. Alternatively, numerous studies have shown that exosomes secreted by BMSCs in the nanoscale can also affect the functionality of endothelial cells (angiogenesis), macrophages (immunomodulation), and osteoblasts/osteoclasts (osteogenesis), which is a highly promising therapy for osseointegration with pronounced advantages (e.g., safety, high efficiency, and no ethical restrictions). The review aims to summarize the multifaceted effect of BMSCs-derived exosomes on osseointegration and provide reference and basis for rapid and qualified osseointegration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Zhuang
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruiyue Hang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Biomedical Metal Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ruoyue Sun
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanshu Ding
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohong Yao
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Biomedical Metal Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ruiqiang Hang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Biomedical Metal Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Hui Sun
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Hui Sun, ; Long Bai,
| | - Long Bai
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China,Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Hui Sun, ; Long Bai,
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25
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Marra KV, Aguilar E, Wei G, Usui-Ouchi A, Ideguchi Y, Sakimoto S, Friedlander M. Bioactive extracellular vesicles from a subset of endothelial progenitor cells rescue retinal ischemia and neurodegeneration. JCI Insight 2022; 7:e155928. [PMID: 35639473 PMCID: PMC9309054 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.155928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Disruption of the neurovascular unit (NVU) underlies the pathophysiology of various CNS diseases. One strategy to repair NVU dysfunction uses stem/progenitor cells to provide trophic support to the NVU's functionally coupled and interdependent vasculature and surrounding CNS parenchyma. A subset of endothelial progenitor cells, endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) with high expression of the CD44 hyaluronan receptor (CD44hi), provides such neurovasculotrophic support via a paracrine mechanism. Here, we report that bioactive extracellular vesicles from CD44hi ECFCs (EVshi) are paracrine mediators, recapitulating the effects of intact cell therapy in murine models of ischemic/neurodegenerative retinopathy; vesicles from ECFCs with low expression levels of CD44 (EVslo) were ineffective. Small RNA sequencing comparing the microRNA cargo from EVshi and EVslo identified candidate microRNAs that contribute to these effects. EVshi may be used to repair NVU dysfunction through multiple mechanisms to stabilize hypoxic vasculature, promote vascular growth, and support neural cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle V. Marra
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Edith Aguilar
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Guoqin Wei
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Ayumi Usui-Ouchi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Yoichiro Ideguchi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Susumu Sakimoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Martin Friedlander
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
- Lowy Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
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26
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The Mystery of Exosomes in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:2169259. [PMID: 35720179 PMCID: PMC9200544 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2169259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the common pregnancy complications, which increases the risk of short-term and long-term adverse consequences in both the mother and offspring. However, the pathophysiological mechanism of GDM is still poorly understood. Inflammation, insulin resistance and oxidative stress are considered critical factors in the occurrence and development of GDM. Although the lifestyle intervention and insulin are the primary treatment, adverse pregnancy outcomes still cannot be ignored. Exosomes have a specific function of carrying biological information, which can transmit information to target cells and play an essential role in intercellular communication. Their possible roles in normal pregnancy and GDM have been widely concerned. The possibility of exosomal cargos as biomarkers of GDM is proposed. This paper reviews the literature in recent years and discusses the role of exosomes in GDM and their possible mechanisms to provide some reference for the prediction, prevention, and treatment of GDM and improve the outcome of pregnancy.
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Chen K, Li Y, Xu L, Qian Y, Liu N, Zhou C, Liu J, Zhou L, Xu Z, Jia R, Ge YZ. Comprehensive insight into endothelial progenitor cell-derived extracellular vesicles as a promising candidate for disease treatment. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:238. [PMID: 35672766 PMCID: PMC9172199 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02921-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), which are a type of stem cell, have been found to have strong angiogenic and tissue repair capabilities. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) contain many effective components, such as cellular proteins, microRNAs, messenger RNAs, and long noncoding RNAs, and can be secreted by different cell types. The functions of EVs depend mainly on their parent cells. Many researchers have conducted functional studies of EPC-derived EVs (EPC-EVs) and showed that they exhibit therapeutic effects on many diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, acute kidney injury, acute lung injury, and sepsis. In this review article, we comprehensively summarized the biogenesis and functions of EPCs and EVs and the potent role of EPC-EVs in the treatment of various diseases. Furthermore, the current problems and future prospects have been discussed, and further studies are needed to compare the therapeutic effects of EVs derived from various stem cells, which will contribute to the accelerated translation of these applications in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Chen
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Luwei Xu
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiguan Qian
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Changcheng Zhou
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyu Liu
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Liuhua Zhou
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Xu
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruipeng Jia
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yu-Zheng Ge
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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Soltani S, Mansouri K, Parvaneh S, Thakor AS, Pociot F, Yarani R. Diabetes complications and extracellular vesicle therapy. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2022; 23:357-385. [PMID: 34647239 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-021-09680-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is a chronic disorder characterized by dysregulated glycemic conditions. Diabetic complications include microvascular and macrovascular abnormalities and account for high morbidity and mortality rates in patients. Current clinical approaches for diabetic complications are limited to symptomatic treatments and tight control of blood sugar levels. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by somatic and stem cells have recently emerged as a new class of potent cell-free therapeutic delivery packets with a great potential to treat diabetic complications. EVs contain a mixture of bioactive molecules and can affect underlying pathological processes in favor of tissue healing. In addition, EVs have low immunogenicity and high storage capacity while maintaining nearly the same regenerative and immunomodulatory effects compared to current cell-based therapies. Therefore, EVs have received increasing attention for diabetes-related complications in recent years. In this review, we provide an outlook on diabetic complications and summarizes new knowledge and advances in EV applications. Moreover, we highlight recommendations for future EV-related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Setareh Soltani
- Clinical Research Development Center, Taleghani and Imam Ali Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Kamran Mansouri
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah, University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Shahram Parvaneh
- Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Pharmacology Laboratory (HECRIN), Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Research Institute of Translational Biomedicine, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Avnesh S Thakor
- Interventional Regenerative Medicine and Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Flemming Pociot
- Translational Type 1 Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Reza Yarani
- Interventional Regenerative Medicine and Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA.
- Translational Type 1 Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark.
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MicroRNA-136-5p from Endothelial Progenitor Cells-released Extracellular Vesicles Mediates TXNIP to Promote the Dissolution of Deep Venous Thrombosis. Shock 2022; 57:714-721. [PMID: 35583913 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000001920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Endothelial progenitor cells-released extracellular vesicles (EPCs-EVs) have previously been reported to promote the dissolution of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) through delivery of microRNA (miR). Given that, this research was projected to search the relative action of EPCs-EVs transferring of miR-136-5p in DVT. METHODS From EPCs transfected with miR-136-5p agomir or antagomir, EVs were extracted and then injected into DVT mice. Meanwhile, based on the treatment with EPCs-EVs loading miR-136-5p antagomir, silenced thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) lentivirus was injected into DVT mice to perform the rescue experiments. Afterwards, the length and weight of venous thrombosis, EPC apoptosis and inflammatory factors, plasmin, fibrinogen, and thrombin-antithrombin were measured. miR-136-5p and TXNIP expression in DVT mice, and their targeting relationship were evaluated. RESULTS miR-136-5p expression was suppressed and TXNIP expression was elevated in DVT mice. EPCs-EV reduced the length and weight of venous thrombosis, suppressed cell apoptosis and inflammatory reaction, as well as elevated level of plasmin, and reduced levels of fibrinogen and thrombin-antithrombin in DVT mice. Restored miR-136-5p loaded by EPCs-EV further attenuated DVT but EPCs-EV transfer of depleted miR-136-5p resulted in the opposite consequences. miR-136-5p targeted TXNIP and silenced TXNIP rescued the effect of EPCs-EV transfer of depleted miR-136-5p on DVT. CONCLUSION miR-136-5p from EPCs-EV suppresses TXNIP expression to reduce the thrombus size in DVT, offering a promising treatment target for DVT.
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Man K, Brunet MY, Federici AS, Hoey DA, Cox SC. An ECM-Mimetic Hydrogel to Promote the Therapeutic Efficacy of Osteoblast-Derived Extracellular Vesicles for Bone Regeneration. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:829969. [PMID: 35433655 PMCID: PMC9005798 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.829969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of extracellular vesicles (EVs) is emerging as a promising acellular approach for bone regeneration, overcoming translational hurdles associated with cell-based therapies. Despite their potential, EVs short half-life following systemic administration hinders their therapeutic efficacy. EVs have been reported to bind to extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and play an essential role in matrix mineralisation. Chitosan and collagen type I are naturally-derived pro-osteogenic biomaterials, which have been demonstrated to control EV release kinetics. Therefore, this study aimed to develop an injectable ECM-mimetic hydrogel capable of controlling the release of osteoblast-derived EVs to promote bone repair. Pure chitosan hydrogels significantly enhanced compressive modulus (2.48-fold) and osteogenic differentiation (3.07-fold), whilst reducing gelation times (2.09-fold) and proliferation (2.7-fold) compared to pure collagen gels (p ≤ 0.001). EV release was strongly associated with collagen concentration (R2 > 0.94), where a significantly increased EV release profile was observed from chitosan containing gels using the CD63 ELISA (p ≤ 0.001). Hydrogel-released EVs enhanced human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs) proliferation (1.12-fold), migration (2.55-fold), and mineralisation (3.25-fold) compared to untreated cells (p ≤ 0.001). Importantly, EV-functionalised chitosan-collagen composites significantly promoted hBMSCs extracellular matrix mineralisation when compared to the EV-free gels in a dose-dependent manner (p ≤ 0.001). Taken together, these findings demonstrate the development of a pro-osteogenic thermosensitive chitosan-collagen hydrogel capable of enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of osteoblast-derived EVs as a novel acellular tool for bone augmentation strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenny Man
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Mathieu Y. Brunet
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Angelica S. Federici
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland,Dept. of Mechanical, Manufacturing, and Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland,Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre, Trinity College Dublin and RCSI, Dublin, Ireland
| | - David A. Hoey
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland,Dept. of Mechanical, Manufacturing, and Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland,Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre, Trinity College Dublin and RCSI, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sophie C. Cox
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom,*Correspondence: Sophie C. Cox,
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Ke X, Liao Z, Luo X, Chen JQ, Deng M, Huang Y, Wang Z, Wei M. Endothelial colony-forming cell-derived exosomal miR-21-5p regulates autophagic flux to promote vascular endothelial repair by inhibiting SIPL1A2 in atherosclerosis. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:30. [PMID: 35279183 PMCID: PMC8917727 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-00828-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) represents an efficient therapeutic method for atherosclerosis but conveys a risk of causing restenosis. Endothelial colony-forming cell-derived exosomes (ECFC-exosomes) are important mediators during vascular repair. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of ECFC-exosomes in a rat model of atherosclerosis and to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying the ECFC-exosome-mediated effects on ox-LDL-induced endothelial injury.
Methods
The effect of ECFC-exosome-mediated autophagy on ox-LDL-induced human microvascular endothelial cell (HMEC) injury was examined by cell counting kit-8 assay, scratch wound assay, tube formation assay, western blot and the Ad-mCherry-GFP-LC3B system. RNA-sequencing assays, bioinformatic analysis and dual-luciferase reporter assays were performed to confirm the interaction between the miR-21-5p abundance of ECFC-exosomes and SIPA1L2 in HMECs. The role and underlying mechanism of ECFC-exosomes in endothelial repair were explored using a high-fat diet combined with balloon injury to establish an atherosclerotic rat model of vascular injury. Evans blue staining, haematoxylin and eosin staining and western blotting were used to evaluate vascular injury.
Results
ECFC-exosomes were incorporated into HMECs and promoted HMEC proliferation, migration and tube formation by repairing autophagic flux and enhancing autophagic activity. Subsequently, we demonstrated that miR-21-5p, which is abundant in ECFC-exosomes, binds to the 3’ untranslated region of SIPA1L2 to inhibit its expression, and knockout of miR-21-5p in ECFC-exosomes reversed ECFC-exosome-decreased SIPA1L2 expression in ox-LDL-induced HMEC injury. Knockdown of SIPA1L2 repaired autophagic flux and enhanced autophagic activity to promote cell proliferation in ox-LDL-treated HMECs. ECFC-exosome treatment attenuated vascular endothelial injury, regulated lipid balance and activated autophagy in an atherogenic rat model of vascular injury, whereas these effects were eliminated with ECFC-exosomes with knockdown of miR-21-5p.
Conclusions
Our study demonstrated that ECFC-exosomes protect against atherosclerosis- or PTCA-induced vascular injury by rescuing autophagic flux and inhibiting SIAP1L2 expression through delivery of miR-21-5p.
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Akcan B, Örem A, Altinkaynak Y, Kural B, Örem C, Sönmez M, Serafini M. Endothelial Progenitor Cell Levels and Extent of Post-prandial Lipemic Response. Front Nutr 2022; 9:822131. [PMID: 35237643 PMCID: PMC8885282 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.822131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and ObjectiveDue to the frequency of meal ingestion, individuals spend the majority of the day, ~18 h, in a status of post-prandial (PP) stress. Remnant-like lipoprotein particles (RLPs) are predominant in PP phase playing an important role in the development of atherosclerosis. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have been suggested to play a role in vessel wall homeostasis and in reducing atherosclerosis. However, there is no information about peripheral blood EPCs number following PP stress. We investigated the association between circulating EPCs levels and extent of PP lipemia in healthy subjects following a high-fat meal.Materials and MethodsA total of 84 healthy subjects (42 men, 42 women) aged 17–55 years were included in the study. PP lipemic response of subjects was determined by Oral Fat-Loading Test (OFLT). All the subjects were classified on the basis of their plasma TG levels after PP lipemic stressors in categories 1 (low), 2 (moderate), and 3 (high). Circulating EPCs numbers were measured by the flow cytometry method.ResultsThere was a significant difference in terms of lipid parameters between men and women: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was significantly lower in men than in women (p < 0.001). Total cholesterol (TC) (p = 0.004), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (p < 0.001), triglyceride (TG) (p < 0.001), and TG-AUC (p < 0.001) were significantly higher in men than in women. There was no significant difference between the genders in terms of CD34+KDR+ and CD34+KDR+CD133+cell number and MMP-9 levels. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels were significantly higher in men than women (p = 0.004). TC, LDL-C, and TG were significantly higher in the 3rd category than 1st and 2nd categories (p < 0.001) in women. Age, body mass index (BMI), fat rate, TG, TC, and LDL-C were significantly higher in the 3rd category than 1st category (p < 0.001, p = 0.002, p = 0.002, p = 0.01, p = 0.007, p = 0.004; respectively), in men. Circulating numbers of EPCs in men were significantly higher in the PP hyperlipidemia group than in the low TG levels category, independently from age (p < 0.05). Circulating EPC levels showed a positive correlation with OFLT response in men (r = 0.414, p < 0.05). Also, OFLT response showed a strong positive correlation with fasting TG levels (r = 0.930, p < 0.001). EPC levels in categories of women were not different.ConclusionIncreased EPCs levels in subjects with different PP hyperlipidemia may be associated with a response to endothelial injury, related to increased atherogenic remnant particles at the PP phase.
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Tao J, Cao X, Yu B, Qu A. Vascular Stem/Progenitor Cells in Vessel Injury and Repair. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:845070. [PMID: 35224067 PMCID: PMC8866648 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.845070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular repair upon vessel injury is essential for the maintenance of arterial homeostasis and function. Stem/progenitor cells were demonstrated to play a crucial role in regeneration and replenishment of damaged vascular cells during vascular repair. Previous studies revealed that myeloid stem/progenitor cells were the main sources of tissue regeneration after vascular injury. However, accumulating evidences from developing lineage tracing studies indicate that various populations of vessel-resident stem/progenitor cells play specific roles in different process of vessel injury and repair. In response to shear stress, inflammation, or other risk factors-induced vascular injury, these vascular stem/progenitor cells can be activated and consequently differentiate into different types of vascular wall cells to participate in vascular repair. In this review, mechanisms that contribute to stem/progenitor cell differentiation and vascular repair are described. Targeting these mechanisms has potential to improve outcome of diseases that are characterized by vascular injury, such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, restenosis, and aortic aneurysm/dissection. Future studies on potential stem cell-based therapy are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaping Tao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling-Related Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disorder-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Xuejie Cao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling-Related Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disorder-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Baoqi Yu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling-Related Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disorder-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Baoqi Yu
| | - Aijuan Qu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling-Related Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disorder-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
- Aijuan Qu
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Xu Y, Hu Y, Xu S, Liu F, Gao Y. Exosomal microRNAs as Potential Biomarkers and Therapeutic Agents for Acute Ischemic Stroke: New Expectations. Front Neurol 2022; 12:747380. [PMID: 35173663 PMCID: PMC8842672 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.747380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The morbidity and mortality rates of ischemic stroke (IS) are very high, and IS constitutes one of the main causes of disability and death worldwide. The pathogenesis of ischemic stroke includes excitotoxicity, calcium overload, oxygen radical injury, inflammatory reactions, necrosis/apoptosis, destruction of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and other pathologic processes. Recent studies have shown that exosomes are critical to the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of cerebral infarctions resulting from ischemic stroke; and there is growing interest in the role of exosomes and exosomal miRNAs in the diagnosis and treatment of IS. Exosomes from central nervous system cells can be found in cerebrospinal fluid and peripheral bodily fluids, and exosomal contents have been reported to change with disease occurrence. Exosomes are small membranous extracellular vesicles (EVs), 30–150 nm in diameter, that are released from the cell membrane into the depressions that arise from the membranes of multivesicular bodies. Exosomes carry lipids, proteins, mRNAs, and microRNAs (miRNAs) and transport information to target cells. This exosomal transfer of functional mRNAs/miRNAs and proteins ultimately affects transcription and translation within recipient cells. Exosomes are EVs with a double-membrane structure that protects them from ribonucleases in the blood, allowing exosomal miRNAs to be more stable and to avoid degradation. New evidence shows that exosomes derived from neural cells, endothelial cells, and various stem cells create a fertile environment that supports the proliferation and growth of neural cells and endothelial cells, inhibits apoptosis and inflammatory responses, and promotes angiogenesis. In the present review, we discuss how circulating exosomes—and exosomal miRNAs in particular—may provide novel strategies for the early diagnosis and treatment of ischemic stroke via their potential as non-invasive biomarkers and drug carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingzhi Xu
- Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Hu
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shixin Xu
- Medical Experiment Center, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Translational Research of TCM Prescription and Syndrome, Tianjin, China
| | - Fengzhi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Ying Gao
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Man K, Barroso IA, Brunet MY, Peacock B, Federici AS, Hoey DA, Cox SC. Controlled Release of Epigenetically-Enhanced Extracellular Vesicles from a GelMA/Nanoclay Composite Hydrogel to Promote Bone Repair. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:832. [PMID: 35055017 PMCID: PMC8775793 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have garnered growing attention as promising acellular tools for bone repair. Although EVs' potential for bone regeneration has been shown, issues associated with their therapeutic potency and short half-life in vivo hinders their clinical utility. Epigenetic reprogramming with the histone deacetylase inhibitor Trichostatin A (TSA) has been reported to promote the osteoinductive potency of osteoblast-derived EVs. Gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogels functionalised with the synthetic nanoclay laponite (LAP) have been shown to effectively bind, stabilise, and improve the retention of bioactive factors. This study investigated the potential of utilising a GelMA-LAP hydrogel to improve local retention and control delivery of epigenetically enhanced osteoblast-derived EVs as a novel bone repair strategy. LAP was found to elicit a dose-dependent increase in GelMA compressive modulus and shear-thinning properties. Incorporation of the nanoclay was also found to enhance shape fidelity when 3D printed compared to LAP-free gels. Interestingly, GelMA hydrogels containing LAP displayed increased mineralisation capacity (1.41-fold) (p ≤ 0.01) over 14 days. EV release kinetics from these nanocomposite systems were also strongly influenced by LAP concentration with significantly more vesicles being released from GelMA constructs as detected by a CD63 ELISA (p ≤ 0.001). EVs derived from TSA-treated osteoblasts (TSA-EVs) enhanced proliferation (1.09-fold), migration (1.83-fold), histone acetylation (1.32-fold) and mineralisation (1.87-fold) of human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs) when released from the GelMA-LAP hydrogel compared to the untreated EV gels (p ≤ 0.01). Importantly, the TSA-EV functionalised GelMA-LAP hydrogel significantly promoted encapsulated hBMSCs extracellular matrix collagen production (≥1.3-fold) and mineralisation (≥1.78-fold) in a dose-dependent manner compared to untreated EV constructs (p ≤ 0.001). Taken together, these findings demonstrate the potential of combining epigenetically enhanced osteoblast-derived EVs with a nanocomposite photocurable hydrogel to promote the therapeutic efficacy of acellular vesicle approaches for bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenny Man
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (K.M.); (I.A.B.); (M.Y.B.)
| | - Inês A. Barroso
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (K.M.); (I.A.B.); (M.Y.B.)
| | - Mathieu Y. Brunet
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (K.M.); (I.A.B.); (M.Y.B.)
| | | | - Angelica S. Federici
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland; (A.S.F.); (D.A.H.)
- Department of Mechanical, Manufacturing, and Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre, Trinity College Dublin & RCSI, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland
| | - David A. Hoey
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland; (A.S.F.); (D.A.H.)
- Department of Mechanical, Manufacturing, and Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre, Trinity College Dublin & RCSI, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sophie C. Cox
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (K.M.); (I.A.B.); (M.Y.B.)
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Yan F, Liu X, Ding H, Zhang W. Paracrine mechanisms of endothelial progenitor cells in vascular repair. Acta Histochem 2022; 124:151833. [PMID: 34929523 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2021.151833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play an important role in repairing damaged blood vessels and promoting neovascularization. However, the specific mechanism of EPCs promoting vascular repair is still unclear. Currently, there are two different views on the repair of damaged vessels by EPCs, one is that EPCs can directly differentiate into endothelial cells (ECs) and integrate into injured vessels, the other is that EPCs act on cells and blood vessels by releasing paracrine substances. But more evidence now supports the latter. Therefore, the paracrine mechanisms of EPCs are worth further study. This review describes the substances secreted by EPCs, some applications based on paracrine effects of EPCs, and the studies of paracrine mechanisms in cardiovascular diseases--all of these are to support the view that EPCs repair blood vessels through paracrine effects rather than integrating directly into damaged vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanchen Yan
- The Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Xiaodan Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Huang Ding
- The Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China.
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Intranasally Administered Extracellular Vesicles from Adipose Stem Cells Have Immunomodulatory Effects in a Mouse Model of Asthma. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:6686625. [PMID: 34899920 PMCID: PMC8664544 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6686625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic eosinophilic airway disease characterized by type 2 helper T cell-driven inflammation. Adipose stem cells (ASCs) and the ASC culture supernatant are known to improve allergic airway inflammation; however, the immunomodulatory effects of ASC-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) on allergic airway diseases remain unclear. Thus, we assessed the effects of ASC-derived EVs on allergic airway inflammation in a mouse model of asthma. EVs were isolated from the culture supernatant of murine ASCs and characterized. Six-week-old female C57BL/6 mice were sensitized to ovalbumin (OVA) by intraperitoneal injection and challenged intranasally with OVA. Before the OVA challenge, 10 μg/50 μl of ASC-derived EVs was administered intranasally to the experimental group. ASC-derived EVs significantly attenuated airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in asthmatic mice (p = 0.023). ASC-derived EVs resulted in a remarkable reduction of the total number of inflammatory cells (p = 0.005) and eosinophils (p = 0.023) in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), the degree of eosinophilic lung inflammation (p < 0.001), and the serum total and OVA-specific immunoglobulin (Ig)E (p = 0.048 and p = 0.001) and total IgG1 (p < 0.001). Interleukin- (IL-) 4 was significantly inhibited with ASC-derived EV pretreatment in the BALF and lung draining lymph nodes (LLNs) (p = 0.040 and p = 0.011). Furthermore, ASC-derived EV administration resulted in a significant increase of the regulatory T cell (Treg) populations in LLNs. ASC-derived EVs alleviated AHR and allergic airway inflammation caused by the induction of Treg expansion in a mouse model of asthma. There seems to be a role for ASC-derived EVs as a modifier in allergic airway disease.
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Salybekov AA, Kunikeyev AD, Kobayashi S, Asahara T. Latest Advances in Endothelial Progenitor Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Translation to the Clinic. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:734562. [PMID: 34671654 PMCID: PMC8520929 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.734562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Almost all nucleated cells secrete extracellular vesicles (EVs) that are heterogeneous spheroid patterned or round shape particles ranging from 30 to 200 nm in size. Recent preclinical and clinical studies have shown that endothelial progenitor cell-derived EVs (EPC-EVs) have a beneficial therapeutic effect in various diseases, including cardiovascular diseases and kidney, and lung disorders. Moreover, some animal studies have shown that EPC-EVs selectively accumulate at the injury site with a specific mechanism of binding along with angiogenic and restorative effects that are superior to those of their ancestors. This review article highlights current advances in the biogenesis, delivery route, and long-term storage methods of EPC-EVs and their favorable effects such as anti-inflammatory, angiogenic, and tissue protection in various diseases. Finally, we review the possibility of therapeutic application of EPC-EVs in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amankeldi A Salybekov
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kamakura, Japan.,Shonan Research Institute of Innovative Medicine, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kamakura, Japan.,Kidney Disease and Transplant Center, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kamakura, Japan
| | - Aidyn D Kunikeyev
- Department of Software Engineering, Kazakh National Technical University After K.I. Satpayev, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Shuzo Kobayashi
- Shonan Research Institute of Innovative Medicine, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kamakura, Japan.,Kidney Disease and Transplant Center, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kamakura, Japan
| | - Takayuki Asahara
- Shonan Research Institute of Innovative Medicine, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kamakura, Japan
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Stem Cell-Derived Nanovesicles: A Novel Cell-Free Therapy for Wound Healing. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:1285087. [PMID: 34567129 PMCID: PMC8457964 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1285087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound healing and regeneration are a dynamic and complex process that requires a collaborative effort between growth factors, epidermal cells, dermal cells, extracellular matrix, and vessels local to the wound area. Mesenchymal stem cells participate in the recruitment site, mainly by releasing secretory factors and matrix proteins to promote wound healing. Stem cell-derived nanovesicles (CDNs), including microvesicles, exosomes, and exosome mimetics, contain most of the biologically active substances of their parent cells and have similar effects. CDNs can shuttle various proteins, messenger RNAs, and microRNAs to regulate the activity of receptor cells, and they play important roles in skin wound healing. This article reviews recent research progress on CDNs for wound repair. We summarize current knowledge on how CDNs regulate immunity, fibroblast activity, angiogenesis, and scar formation in the wound healing process. This review can help researchers explore new treatment strategies to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of CDNs, which have a promising future as naturally cell-free therapies.
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Zeng CY, Xu J, Liu X, Lu YQ. Cardioprotective Roles of Endothelial Progenitor Cell-Derived Exosomes. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:717536. [PMID: 34513956 PMCID: PMC8428070 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.717536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
With the globally increasing prevalence, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have become the leading cause of mortality. The transplantation of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) holds a great promise due to their potential for vasculogenesis, angiogenesis, and protective cytokine release, whose mechanisms are essential for CVD therapies. In reality, many investigations have attributed the therapeutic effects of EPC transplantation to the secretion of paracrine factors rather than the differentiation function. Of note, previous studies have suggested that EPCs could also release exosomes (diameter range of 30–150 nm), which carry various lipids and proteins and are abundant in microRNAs. The EPC-derived exosomes (EPC-EXs) were reported to act on the heart and blood vessels and were implicated in anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, anti-apoptosis, the inhibition of endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT), and cardiac fibrosis, as well as anti-vascular remodeling and angiogenesis, which were considered as protective effects against CVDs. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on using EPC-EXs as therapeutic agents and provide a detailed description of their identified mechanisms of action to promote the prognosis of CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai-Yu Zeng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-Chemical Injury Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jia Xu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-Chemical Injury Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-Chemical Injury Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuan-Qiang Lu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-Chemical Injury Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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41
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Girón J, Maurmann N, Pranke P. The role of stem cell-derived exosomes in the repair of cutaneous and bone tissue. J Cell Biochem 2021; 123:183-201. [PMID: 34514621 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes are extracellular vesicles secreted by various cell types, which play important roles in physiological processes. In particular, stem cell-derived exosomes have been shown to play crucial functions in intercellular communication during the tissue healing process. This review summarizes the effects of exosomes derived from different stem cell sources on the repair of cutaneous and bone tissue, focusing on the different pathways that could be involved in the regeneration process. The biogenesis, isolation, and content of exosomes have also been discussed. The effectiveness of exosomes is broadly demonstrated for skin and bone regeneration in animal models, supporting the basis for clinical translation of exosomes as a ready-to-use cell-free therapeutic for skin and bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Girón
- Hematology & Stem Cell Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.,Post Graduate Program in Physiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Natasha Maurmann
- Hematology & Stem Cell Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.,Post Graduate Program in Physiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Patricia Pranke
- Hematology & Stem Cell Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.,Post Graduate Program in Physiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.,Stem Cell Research Institute, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Zhao Y, Li X, Zhang W, Yu L, Wang Y, Deng Z, Liu M, Mo S, Wang R, Zhao J, Liu S, Hao Y, Wang X, Ji T, Zhang L, Wang C. Trends in the biological functions and medical applications of extracellular vesicles and analogues. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:2114-2135. [PMID: 34522580 PMCID: PMC8424226 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural extracellular vesicles (EVs) play important roles in many life processes such as in the intermolecular transfer of substances and genetic information exchanges. Investigating the origins and working mechanisms of natural EVs may provide an understanding of life activities, especially regarding the occurrence and development of diseases. Additionally, due to their vesicular structure, EVs (in small molecules, nucleic acids, proteins, etc.) could act as efficient drug-delivery carriers. Herein, we describe the sources and biological functions of various EVs, summarize the roles of EVs in disease diagnosis and treatment, and review the application of EVs as drug-delivery carriers. We also assess the challenges and perspectives of EVs in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University and Beijing Key Laboratory of Nasal Diseases, Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing 100005, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Xiaolu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Wenbo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Lanlan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Yang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Zhun Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Mingwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Shanshan Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Ruonan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Jinming Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University and Beijing Key Laboratory of Nasal Diseases, Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Shuli Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University Civil Aviation School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100123, China
| | - Yun Hao
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University and Beijing Key Laboratory of Nasal Diseases, Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Xiangdong Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University and Beijing Key Laboratory of Nasal Diseases, Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Tianjiao Ji
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Corresponding authors. Tel./fax: +86 10 69156463.
| | - Luo Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University and Beijing Key Laboratory of Nasal Diseases, Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing 100005, China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
- Corresponding authors. Tel./fax: +86 10 69156463.
| | - Chenxuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
- Corresponding authors. Tel./fax: +86 10 69156463.
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Exosomal miR-218-5p/miR-363-3p from Endothelial Progenitor Cells Ameliorate Myocardial Infarction by Targeting the p53/JMY Signaling Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:5529430. [PMID: 34326916 PMCID: PMC8302385 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5529430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has shown that endothelial progenitor cell-derived exosomes (EPC-Exos) can ameliorate myocardial fibrosis. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of EPC-Exos-derived microRNAs (miRNAs) on myocardial infarction (MI). A miRNA-Seq dataset of miRNAs differentially expressed between EPCs and exosomes was collected. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to validate the miRNA expression indicated by miRNA-Seq. Immunofluorescence, cell proliferation, and angiogenesis assays were employed to investigate the effects of miRNAs on cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) in vitro. Interactions between miRNAs and their respective targets were examined via immunoblotting, qRT-PCR, and luciferase reporter assays. An MI rat model was constructed, and various staining and immunohistochemical assays were performed to explore the mechanisms underlying the miRNA-mediated effects on MI. miR-363-3p and miR-218-5p were enriched in EPC-Exos, and miR-218-5p and miR-363-3p mimic or inhibitor enhanced or suppressed CF proliferation and angiogenesis, respectively. miR-218-5p and miR-363-3p regulated p53 and junction-mediating and regulatory protein (JMY) by binding to the promoter region of p53 and the 3′ untranslated region of JMY. Additionally, treatment of CFs with Exo-miR-218-5p or Exo-miR-363-3p upregulated p53 and downregulated JMY expression, promoted mesenchymal-endothelial transition, and inhibited myocardial fibrosis. Administration of exosomes containing miR-218-5p mimic or miR-363-3p mimic ameliorated left coronary artery ligation-induced MI and restored myocardial tissue integrity in the MI model rats. In summary, these results show that the protective ability of EPC-Exos against MI was mediated by the shuttled miR-218-5p or miR-363-3p via targeting of the p53/JMY signaling pathway.
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Yadid M, Lind JU, Ardoña HAM, Sheehy SP, Dickinson LE, Eweje F, Bastings MMC, Pope B, O'Connor BB, Straubhaar JR, Budnik B, Kleber AG, Parker KK. Endothelial extracellular vesicles contain protective proteins and rescue ischemia-reperfusion injury in a human heart-on-chip. Sci Transl Med 2021; 12:12/565/eaax8005. [PMID: 33055246 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aax8005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from various stem cell sources induce cardioprotective effects during ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). These have been attributed mainly to the antiapoptotic, proangiogenic, microRNA (miRNA) cargo within the stem cell-derived EVs. However, the mechanisms of EV-mediated endothelial signaling to cardiomyocytes, as well as their therapeutic potential toward ischemic myocardial injury, are not clear. EV content beyond miRNA that may contribute to cardioprotection has not been fully illuminated. This study characterized the protein cargo of human vascular endothelial EVs (EEVs) to identify lead cardioactive proteins and assessed the effect of EEVs on human laminar cardiac tissues (hlCTs) exposed to IRI. We mapped the protein content of human vascular EEVs and identified proteins that were previously associated with cellular metabolism, redox state, and calcium handling, among other processes. Analysis of the protein landscape of human cardiomyocytes revealed corresponding modifications induced by EEV treatment. To assess their human-specific cardioprotection in vitro, we developed a human heart-on-a-chip IRI assay using human stem cell-derived, engineered cardiac tissues. We found that EEVs alleviated cardiac cell death as well as the loss in contractile capacity during and after simulated IRI in an uptake- and dose-dependent manner. Moreover, we found that EEVs increased the respiratory capacity of normoxic cardiomyocytes. These results suggest that vascular EEVs rescue hlCTs exposed to IRI possibly by supplementing injured myocytes with cargo that supports multiple metabolic and salvage pathways and therefore may serve as a multitargeted therapy for IRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moran Yadid
- Disease Biophysics Group, John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Johan U Lind
- Disease Biophysics Group, John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Herdeline Ann M Ardoña
- Disease Biophysics Group, John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Sean P Sheehy
- Disease Biophysics Group, John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Lauren E Dickinson
- Disease Biophysics Group, John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Feyisayo Eweje
- Disease Biophysics Group, John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Maartje M C Bastings
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Ecole Polytechnique Federale Lausanne (EPFL), School of Engineering, Institute of Materials, Programmable Biomaterials Laboratory, Station 12, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin Pope
- Disease Biophysics Group, John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Blakely B O'Connor
- Disease Biophysics Group, John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | | | - Bogdan Budnik
- FAS Division of Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Andre G Kleber
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kevin Kit Parker
- Disease Biophysics Group, John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. .,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Xia LZ, Tao J, Chen YJ, Liang LL, Luo GF, Cai ZM, Wang Z. Factors Affecting the Re-Endothelialization of Endothelial Progenitor Cell. DNA Cell Biol 2021; 40:1009-1025. [PMID: 34061680 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2021.0082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The vascular endothelium, which plays an essential role in maintaining the normal shape and function of blood vessels, is a natural barrier between the circulating blood and the vascular wall tissue. The endothelial damage can cause vascular lesions, such as atherosclerosis and restenosis. After the vascular intima injury, the body starts the endothelial repair (re-endothelialization) to inhibit the neointimal hyperplasia. Endothelial progenitor cell is the precursor of endothelial cells and plays an important role in the vascular re-endothelialization. However, re-endothelialization is inevitably affected in vivo and in vitro by factors, which can be divided into two types, namely, promotion and inhibition, and act on different links of the vascular re-endothelialization. This article reviews these factors and related mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Zhen Xia
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Jun Tao
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yan-Jun Chen
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Ling-Li Liang
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Gui-Fang Luo
- Department of Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Ze-Min Cai
- Pediatrics Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Zuo Wang
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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Babaei M, Rezaie J. Application of stem cell-derived exosomes in ischemic diseases: opportunity and limitations. J Transl Med 2021; 19:196. [PMID: 33964940 PMCID: PMC8106139 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-02863-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic diseases characterized by an insufficient blood flow that leads to a decrease in oxygen and nutrient uptake by cells have emerged as an important contributor to both disability and death worldwide. Up-regulation of angiogenesis may be a key factor for the improvement of ischemic diseases. This article searched articles in PubMed with the following keywords: stem cells, exosomes, angiogenesis, ischemic diseases either alone or in grouping form. The most relevant selected items were stem cell-derived exosomes and ischemic diseases. A growing body of evidence indicates that stem cells produce exosomes, which is the novel emerging approach to cell-to-cell communication and offers a new standpoint on known therapeutic strategies of ischemic diseases. Exosomes transport biological molecules such as many types of proteins, RNAs, DNA fragments, signaling molecules, and lipids between cells. Different stem cells release exosomes representing beneficial effects on ischemic diseases as they promote angiogenesis both in vitro and in vivo experiments. Application of exosomes for therapeutic angiogenesis opened new opportunities in the regenerative medicine, however, some limitations regarding exosomes isolation and application remain concerned. In addition, most of the experiments were conducted in preclinical and therefore translation of these results from bench to bed requires more effort in this field. Exosomes from stem cells are a promising tool for the treatment of ischemic diseases. In addition, translation of pre-clinic results into clinic needs further studies in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Babaei
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Jafar Rezaie
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 1138, 57147, Urmia, Iran.
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Jiang C, Li R, Xiu C, Ma X, Hu H, Wei L, Tang Y, Tao M, Zhao J. Upregulating CXCR7 accelerates endothelial progenitor cell-mediated endothelial repair by activating Akt/Keap-1/Nrf2 signaling in diabetes mellitus. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:264. [PMID: 33941256 PMCID: PMC8091720 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02324-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) dysfunction contributes to vascular disease in diabetes mellitus. However, the molecular mechanism underlying EPC dysfunction and its contribution to delayed reendothelialization in diabetes mellitus remain unclear. Our study aimed to illustrate the potential molecular mechanism underlying diabetic EPC dysfunction in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, we assessed the effect of EPC transplantation on endothelial regeneration in diabetic rats. Methods Late outgrowth EPCs were isolated from the bone marrow of rats for in vivo and in vitro studies. In vitro functional assays and Western blotting were conducted to reveal the association between C-X-C chemokine receptor type 7 (CXCR7) expression and diabetic EPC dysfunction. To confirm the association between cellular CXCR7 levels and EPC function, CXCR7 expression in EPCs was upregulated and downregulated via lentiviral transduction and RNA interference, respectively. Western blotting was used to reveal the potential molecular mechanism by which the Stromal-Derived Factor-1 (SDF-1)/CXCR7 axis regulates EPC function. To elucidate the role of the SDF-1/CXCR7 axis in EPC-mediated endothelial regeneration, a carotid artery injury model was established in diabetic rats. After the model was established, saline-treated, diabetic, normal, or CXCR7-primed EPCs were injected via the tail vein. Results Diabetic EPC dysfunction was associated with decreased CXCR7 expression. Furthermore, EPC dysfunction was mimicked by knockdown of CXCR7 in normal EPCs. However, upregulating CXCR7 expression reversed the dysfunction of diabetic EPCs. The SDF-1/CXCR7 axis positively regulated EPC function by activating the AKT-associated Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (keap-1)/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) axis, which was reversed by blockade of AKT and Nrf2. Transplantation of CXCR7-EPCs accelerated endothelial repair and attenuated neointimal hyperplasia in diabetes mellitus more significantly than transplantation of diabetic or normal EPCs. However, the therapeutic effect of CXCR7-EPC transplantation on endothelial regeneration was reversed by knockdown of Nrf2 expression. Conclusions Dysfunction of diabetic EPCs is associated with decreased CXCR7 expression. Furthermore, the SDF-1/CXCR7 axis positively regulates EPC function by activating the AKT/keap-1/Nrf2 axis. CXCR7-primed EPCs might be useful for endothelial regeneration in diabetes-associated vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Jiang
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University of Medicine, No. 639 Zhi Zao Ju Road, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruiting Li
- Department of Radiology, The Sixth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 600 Yi-Shan Road, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaoyang Xiu
- Department of Radiology, The Sixth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 600 Yi-Shan Road, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Ma
- Department of Radiology, The Sixth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 600 Yi-Shan Road, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Hu
- Department of Radiology, The Sixth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 600 Yi-Shan Road, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Liming Wei
- Department of Radiology, The Sixth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 600 Yi-Shan Road, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Yihan Tang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingyang Tao
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jungong Zhao
- Department of Radiology, The Sixth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 600 Yi-Shan Road, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China.
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Yan LT, Yang ZH, Lin H, Jiang J, Jiang R. Effects of androgen on extracellular vesicles from endothelial cells in rat penile corpus cavernosum. Andrology 2021; 9:1010-1017. [PMID: 33484224 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The explicit mechanism of erectile dysfunction caused by low androgen status is unknown. It was reported that eNOS was expressed in extracellular vesicles (EVs). Androgen may regulate erectile function by affect the release of EVs from endothelial cells. OBJECTIVES To investigate whether androgen affects the production of EVs and nitric oxide (NO) in endothelial cells of rat penile corpus cavernosum. MATERIALS AND METHODS Endothelial cells of rat penile corpus cavernosum were isolated and purified from 6-week-old healthy male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. Endothelial cells were treated with different concentrations of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in a cell culture medium as follows: no-androgen group (NA group, DHT 0 nmol/L), very-low androgen group (VLA group, DHT 0.1 nmol/L), low androgen group (LA group, DHT 1 nmol/L), and physiological concentrations androgen group (PA group, DHT 10 nmol/L). After 24 h, EVs of supernatant in each group were isolated and identified. The content of EVs and NO in the supernatant and the expression of CD9, CD63, TSG101, and eNOS in EVs were detected. RESULTS Positive expression of CD9, CD63, TSG101, and eNOS was found in isolated EVs. The concentration of EVs was lower in the NA group compared with other groups (p < 0.01). The expression of eNOS and the concentration of NO was lower in the NA group than that in other groups (p < 0.05); it was lower in the VLA group than that in the LA group (p < 0.05) and lower in LA group than that in PA group (p < 0.05). When the concentration of DHT in endothelial cell culture medium ranged from 0 to 10 nmol/L, the concentration of DHT was positively correlated with the content of EVs and NO. CONCLUSION Decrease in eNOS-expressing EVs is one mechanism of NO reduction in endothelial cells of rat corpus cavernosum caused by low androgen levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Tao Yan
- Department of Urology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhi-Hui Yang
- Department of Pathology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Haocheng Lin
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Rui Jiang
- Department of Urology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Nephropathy Clinical Medical Research Center of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
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Lin J, Huang T, Gao T, Zheng X. [Experimental study of endothelial progenitor cells derived small extracellular vesicles for spinal cord injury repair in mice]. ZHONGGUO XIU FU CHONG JIAN WAI KE ZA ZHI = ZHONGGUO XIUFU CHONGJIAN WAIKE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF REPARATIVE AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY 2021; 35:488-495. [PMID: 33855835 DOI: 10.7507/1002-1892.202009130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Objective To explore the potential therapeutic effects of endothelial progenitor cells derived small extracellular vesicles (EPCs-sEVs) on spinal cord injury in mice. Methods EPCs were separated from femur and tibia bone marrow of 20 C57BL/6 male mice, and identified by double fluorescence staining and flow cytometry. Then the EPCs were passaged and the cell supernatants from P2-P4 generations EPCs were collected; the EPCs-sEVs were extracted by ultracentrifugation and identified by transmission electron microscopy, nanoflow cytometry, and Western blot. Forty C57BL/6 female mice were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n=10). The mice were only removed T 10 lamina in sham group, and prepared T 10 spinal cord injury models in the model group and the low and high concentration intervention groups. After 30 minutes, 3 days, and 7 days of operation, the mice in low and high concentration intervention groups were injected with EPCs-sEVs at concentrations of 1×10 9 and 1×10 10cells/mL through the tail vein, respectively. The behavioral examinations [Basso Mouse Scale (BMS) score, inclined plate test, Von Frey test] , and the gross, HE staining, and immunohistochemical staining were performed to observe the structural changes of the spinal cord at 4 weeks after operation. Another 3 C57BL/6 female mice were taken to prepare T 10 spinal cord injury models, and DiR-labeled EPCs- sEVs were injected through the tail vein. After 30 minutes, in vivo imaging was used to observe whether the EPCs-sEVs reached the spinal cord injury site. Results After identification, EPCs and EPCs-sEVs derived from mouse bone marrow were successfully obtained. In vivo imaging of the spinal cord showed that EPCs-sEVs were recruited to the spinal cord injury site within 30 minutes after injection. There was no significant difference in BMS scores and the maximum angle of the inclined plate test between two intervention groups and the model group within 2 weeks after operation ( P>0.05), while both were significantly better than the model group ( P<0.05) after 2 weeks. The Von Frey test showed that the mechanical pain threshold of the two intervention groups were significantly higher than that of model group and lower than that of sham group ( P<0.05); there was no significant difference between two intervention groups ( P>0.05). Compared with the model group, the injured segment of the two intervention groups had smaller spinal cord tissue defects, less mononuclear cells infiltration, more obvious tissue structure recovery, and more angiogenesis, and these differences were significant ( P<0.05); there was no significant difference between the two intervention groups. Conclusion EPCs-sEVs can promote the repair of spinal cord injury in mice and provide a new plan for the biological treatment of spinal cord injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqing Lin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200233, P.R.China
| | - Tengli Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200233, P.R.China
| | - Tao Gao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200233, P.R.China
| | - Xianyou Zheng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200233, P.R.China
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50
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Alwjwaj M, Kadir RRA, Bayraktutan U. The secretome of endothelial progenitor cells: a potential therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke. Neural Regen Res 2021; 16:1483-1489. [PMID: 33433461 PMCID: PMC8323700 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.303012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke continues to be a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in the world. Despite recent advances in the field of stroke medicine, thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator remains as the only pharmacological therapy for stroke patients. However, due to short therapeutic window (4.5 hours of stroke onset) and increased risk of hemorrhage beyond this point, each year globally less than 1% of stroke patients receive this therapy which necessitate the discovery of safe and efficacious therapeutics that can be used beyond the acute phase of stroke. Accumulating evidence indicates that endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), equipped with an inherent capacity to migrate, proliferate and differentiate, may be one such therapeutics. However, the limited availability of EPCs in peripheral blood and early senescence of few isolated cells in culture conditions adversely affect their application as effective therapeutics. Given that much of the EPC-mediated reparative effects on neurovasculature is realized by a wide range of biologically active substances released by these cells, it is possible that EPC-secretome may serve as an important therapeutic after an ischemic stroke. In light of this assumption, this review paper firstly discusses the main constituents of EPC-secretome that may exert the beneficial effects of EPCs on neurovasculature, and then reviews the currently scant literature that focuses on its therapeutic capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansour Alwjwaj
- Stroke, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Nottingham, Clinical Sciences Building, City Hospital, Hucknall Road, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Rais Reskiawan A Kadir
- Stroke, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Nottingham, Clinical Sciences Building, City Hospital, Hucknall Road, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Ulvi Bayraktutan
- Stroke, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Nottingham, Clinical Sciences Building, City Hospital, Hucknall Road, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK
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