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Gómez-Polo C, Fraile JF, López NQ, Muñoz MP, Lobato M, Montero J. Three-dimensional representation of the Vita Toothguide 3D-Master: An in vivo clinical study. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2024; 36:421-428. [PMID: 38053482 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.13173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM The Vita Toothguide 3D-Master (Vita Zahnfabrik) is considered the dental shade guide in which the three dimensions of color - lightness, hue, and chroma - are most well-ordered in the CIELAB color space. No research has yet explored how well the Vita Toothguide 3D-Master is ordered in the 3D color space by recording color coordinates in vivo. PURPOSE To evaluate the spatial color distribution of the Vita Toothguide 3D-Master's lightness, chroma, and hue groups and its 26 physical shade tabs. MATERIALS AND METHODS The dental color (L*, C*, h°, a*, and b* color coordinates) of a healthy maxillary central incisor was recorded for 1361 participants (aged between 18 and 89 years) using a Vita Easyshade Compact spectrophotometer (Vita Zahnfabrik). The R 2.7.2. statistics program was used to create the visual representations. RESULTS The five lightness levels are those that are best distributed in the color space, in relation to the L* coordinates, followed by the chroma group and, finally, the hue group. The 5M1, 5M2, and 5M3 physical shade tabs are situated at a greater distance apart from the other tabs in the color space. CONCLUSIONS The Vita Toothguide 3D-Master's 26 physical shade tabs are satisfactorily distributed in three-dimensional space, although strict mathematical criteria are not followed. The natural dental shades that fall lower on the lightness scale are the most poorly represented by the physical shade tabs. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Darker teeth are poorly represented by the Vita Toothguide 3D-Master's physical shade tabs. The spatial distribution of dental shade guides needs to be improved to ensure they provide homogeneous coverage of the entire chromatic spectrum corresponding to natural teeth. This would help reduce the errors inherent to the subjective visual color selection process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Gómez-Polo
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Javier Flores Fraile
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Norberto Quispe López
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Maria Portillo Muñoz
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Maria Lobato
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Javier Montero
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
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Gómez-Polo C, Montero J, Martín Casado AM. Explaining the colour of natural healthy gingiva. Odontology 2024:10.1007/s10266-024-00906-4. [PMID: 38403674 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-024-00906-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
To examine the differences between natural gingival colour in men and women. To determine the degree of predictability of changes in the gingival colour coordinates recorded for healthy gingiva, according to age, long-term medication, frequency of toothbrushing, and smoking habits. The CIELAB colour coordinates were recorded using a spectrophotometer for 360 Caucasian adult participants (aged 18-92 years), in three zones of the healthy attached gingiva of the maxillary central incisor. Regression models were created for each zone and each sex, taking the L*, a* and b* coordinates as dependent variables and age, frequency of toothbrushing, smoking habits (0-non-smoker; 1-smoker) and whether participants were taking long-term medication (0-no; 1-yes) as independent variables. The statistical analysis was conducted with SPSS version 26.0, using multiple regression models. Statistically significant differences between men and women were found only for colour coordinate b*, in all three zones. The only colour coordinate on which the predictor variables had a significant effect was the L* coordinate. In men, age and long-term medication had the greatest effect as predictors (maximum R2 = 0.149). In women, frequency of toothbrushing was the strongest predictor in the predictive models (maximum R2 = 0.099). The colour of gingiva in men contained a larger amount of blue, given that significantly lower values for colour coordinate b* were recorded in men than women, although this difference lacked clinical implications. For both sexes, the regression models produced had a modest predictive capacity. The L* coordinate was the dependent variable that showed the greatest predictability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Gómez-Polo
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno s/n, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Javier Montero
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno s/n, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
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Gómez-Polo C, Martín-Casado AM, Montero J. Fifteen ceramic gingival samples: A proposed gingival shade guide. J Dent 2023; 138:104648. [PMID: 37536431 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE (1) To put forward a set of valid pink ceramic samples for subjective gingival colour selection in the Caucasian population, and (2) to assess the quality of the shade matches provided by the selected pink samples. METHODS The ceramic gingival shade samples (n = 133) were obtained by mixing pairs of basic colours from a single system. In each mixture, the proportions of the colours were altered in 10% increments, following the numerical order used by the manufacturers of the three colour systems under study (Heraceram, Vita VM9 and IPS Style). The CIELAB colour coordinates were recorded using spectrophotometry in three zones of healthy anterior gingiva (n = 360). The sample was randomly divided into two subsamples, each of which contained 180 participants. Subsample 1 was used to select the ceramic gingival samples that provided the best shade matches, using the k-means clustering method. Subsample 2 was used to assess the chromatic validity of the selected gingival samples, according to the coverage error. RESULTS To identify the ceramic gingival samples that best represented participants' gingival colour, the minimum colour differences (ΔEab∗, ΔE00) between the cluster centroids and the 133 gingival samples were calculated. Fifteen gingival samples were selected: 8 from the Heraceram system, 4 from the VM9 system, and 3 from the IPS Style system. Coverage errors for the 15 gingival samples fell below the gingival clinical acceptability thresholds in the three gingival zones examined. CONCLUSIONS The 15 ceramic gingival colour samples provide satisfactory coverage of the gingival colour space, with coverage errors below the ΔE00 clinical acceptability threshold of 2.9 units. These pink colour samples have the potential to provide good gingival shade matches in subjective colour selection. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Mixing basic ceramic colours is a viable method for generating a series of pink shades that can be used as a physical gingival shade guide. The resulting guide provides valid results (under the acceptability thresholds) for subjective selection gingival colour selection in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Gómez-Polo
- Department of Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno s/n, Salamanca 37007, Spain.
| | | | - Javier Montero
- Department of Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno s/n, Salamanca 37007, Spain
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Hernández AD, Martín Casado AM, Gómez-Polo M, Viñuela AC, Gómez-Polo C. Degree of Standardisation in Ceramic Gingival Systems. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:6710. [PMID: 37895692 PMCID: PMC10608028 DOI: 10.3390/ma16206710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
No gingival shade guide exists that can be used as a 'gold standard' in gingival shade selection. This research, therefore, aimed to determine whether comparable results in subjective gingival shade selection can be achieved using basic gingival colours produced by distinct manufacturers. It also aimed to explore how coverage of the colour space is affected by mixing these basic colours to create additional shades. To achieve these objectives, the basic gingival colours of three ceramic systems (Heraceram, Kulzer, Madrid, Spain; Vita VM9, Vita Zahnfabrik, Bad Säckingen, Germany; IPS Style, Ivoclar, Schaan, Liechtenstein) were analysed. The colour systems were expanded by creating porcelain gingival samples, whose colours were obtained by mixing the basic colours, altering each mixture by increments of 10%, and respecting the numerical order used by manufacturers to identify the colours. The colour coordinates of the basic and additional colours were recorded using spectrophotometry, and the intra- and inter-system colour differences were calculated using the Euclidean (ΔEab) and CIEDE2000 (ΔE00) formulae. None of the basic colours in the three systems, despite their similar nomenclature, were found to be interchangeable (the colour differences exceeded the gingival acceptability threshold: ΔE00 2.9 units). The expanded gingival colour systems, with mixtures altered by 10% increments, notably increased the gingival colour space covered by the original systems. The authors concluded that there are clear differences between the basic gingival colours produced by distinct manufacturers using the same nomenclature. Ceramic samples produced by mixing basic gingival colours are a resource with the potential to improve subjective gingival shade matching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Díaz Hernández
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University Complutense of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.D.H.); (M.G.-P.); (A.C.V.)
| | - Ana María Martín Casado
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
| | - Miguel Gómez-Polo
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University Complutense of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.D.H.); (M.G.-P.); (A.C.V.)
| | - Alicia Celemín Viñuela
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University Complutense of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.D.H.); (M.G.-P.); (A.C.V.)
| | - Cristina Gómez-Polo
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
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Batyrbekova G, Hekimoğlu C. Evaluation of gingival porcelains: Color change and surface properties. J Prosthodont 2023. [PMID: 37795925 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the effect of thermal cycling (TC) on the color stability, translucency, and surface roughness of two different gingival porcelain materials. MATERIALS AND METHODS The gingival porcelains IPS e.max Ceram Gingiva (Ceram) and IPS InLine Gingiva (InLine) were tested. A total of 66 disc-shaped specimens were prepared and glazed using porcelain powders of G1, G3, and G5 colors. The samples were divided into two porcelain groups by their types and into three subgroups (n11) by their colors. Thermal cycling was performed at 6000 cycles simulating an oral environment of 5 years. The color and surface roughness measurements of the samples were made before and after the thermal cycling. Color measurements were made with a spectrophotometer. Surface roughness (mean surface roughness [Ra; μm]) was measured using a contact profilometer. Data before thermal cycling were evaluated using the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by the Dunn Bonferonni paired comparison test. Two-way ANOVA with repeated measurements and a pairwise comparison test with Bonferroni correction were used to evaluate the change in roughness and translucency parameter (TP) data between groups due to thermal cycling. RESULTS The color change was below the clinically perceptible color change threshold (∆E00 = 2.1) in all groups after thermal cycling. However, all materials had significantly increased roughness (p < 0.05). An increase in roughness was detected in the Ceram group and was higher than that in the InLine group. The change in the translucency parameters of the samples after thermal cycling was not statistically significant; a small increase was observed in all groups. The highest translucency values were seen in the G1, G3, and G5 colors. CONCLUSIONS Thermal cycling caused a significant increase in the roughness values (Ra) of all materials and a minimal increase in their translucency. The color change of gingival porcelains after thermal cycling was less than the clinically perceptible threshold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulaiym Batyrbekova
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Canan Hekimoğlu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara, Türkiye
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Díaz Hernández A, Celemín Viñuela A, Gómez-Polo M, Martín Casado AM, Gómez-Polo C. Coverage error and shade-match accuracy in three ceramic gingival systems. J Prosthet Dent 2023:S0022-3913(23)00608-X. [PMID: 37793952 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Research into the coverage error (CE) of gingival systems that have been expanded by using ceramic specimens created by mixing basic colors is lacking. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the CEs of 3 ceramic gingival color systems that have been expanded with basic-color mixtures from a sample of 360 White participants and to classify the participants according to the accuracy of the shade match achieved with each system. MATERIAL AND METHODS L*a*b* color coordinates were recorded in 3 zones of attached gingiva for 360 White participants with healthy gingival tissue (187 men and 173 women). The CEs were calculated for 3 ceramic gingival systems that had been expanded with specimens obtained by mixing the basic colors in consecutive order, the color percentages in each mixture having been altered by 10% increments. The systems were Heraceram (Kulzer GmbH) (n=51); Vita VM9 (Vita-Zahnfabrik) (n=41); and IPS Style (Ivoclar AG) (n=41). The participants were classified into 3 groups according to how well the selected shade matched their gingival color (excellent, acceptable, or poor). The data were analyzed using a 1-way ANOVA with a randomized block design and the homogeneity of proportions test (α=.05). RESULTS Statistically significant differences were found between the CEs of the 3 expanded gingival systems in the 3 zones where gingival color was measured (P<.001). The expanded Heraceram system had the smallest CE (ΔE00: minimum 2.66 in the middle zone and maximum 2.95 at the mucogingival line). In the 3 gingival zones, the expanded IPS Style system produced the largest percentage of participants with a poor shade match (ΔE00: minimum 71.4% at the mucogingival line and maximum 75.8% at the free gingival margin), while the expanded Heraceram system had the lowest percentage of participants with a poor shade match (ΔE00: minimum 33.3% in the middle zone and maximum 41.7% at the mucogingival line). CONCLUSIONS The CEs calculated for the expanded Vita VM9 and IPS Style ceramic gingival color systems exceeded the clinical acceptability thresholds in the 3 zones examined. According to the ΔE00 formula, the gingival color of at least 33% of participants matched poorly with the expanded systems studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Díaz Hernández
- PhD student, Department of Dentistry, School of Medicine, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia Celemín Viñuela
- Research Professor, Department of Dentistry, School of Medicine, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Gómez-Polo
- Full Professor, Department of Dentistry, School of Medicine, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana María Martín Casado
- Full Professor, Department of Statistics, School of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Cristina Gómez-Polo
- Full Professor, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain..
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Naranjo MJ, Gómez-Polo M, Gómez-Polo C, Celemin-Viñuela A. Study of attached gingiva space color according to gender and age in Caucasian population. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2023; 35:834-841. [PMID: 36951233 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.13038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the color of the healthy attached gingiva adjacent to the maxillary incisors and to evaluate the effect of age and gender on CIELAB color coordinates. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included 216 Caucasian individuals (129 females and 87 males) divided into three age groups. A SpectroShade Micro spectrophotometer was used to register color coordinates at 2.5 mm apical of the zenith of the upper central incisors. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was performed. RESULTS The minimum and maximum coordinates in which the CIELAB natural gingival space is delimited are: L* minimum 40.4 - L* maximum 61.2; a* minimum 17.0 - a* maximum 30.2; b* minimum 9.8 - and b* maximum 21.9. There are statistically significant differences between males and females for coordinates L*, a* and b* in the attached gingival area selected. Age had a significant effect on coordinate b* (p = 0.000). CONCLUSIONS Statistically significant differences were found between the L*, a* and b* color coordinates of the attached gingiva between men and women, although the color difference is below the clinical acceptance threshold. The attached gingiva takes on a bluish color as the patients get older, which means that the b* coordinate decreases. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE With a prosthodontic approach, knowledge of the CIELAB natural attached gingival coordinates based on the patient's age and gender will facilitate the clinician's work in selecting the appropriate color. The CIELAB system values found can be used as a gingival shade guide reference.
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Affiliation(s)
- María J Naranjo
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University Complutense of Madrid, Pza. Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Gómez-Polo
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University Complutense of Madrid, Pza. Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Gómez-Polo
- Department of Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Clínica Odontológica, Campus Miguel de Unamuno s/n, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Alicia Celemin-Viñuela
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University Complutense of Madrid, Pza. Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
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Benavides-Reyes C, Pérez MM, Tejada-Casado M, Ruiz-López J, Lucena C. Color stability and degree of conversion of gingiva-colored resin-based composites. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2023; 35:896-903. [PMID: 37403541 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.13082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate gingiva-colored resin-based composites' (GCRBC) color stability and degree of conversion (DC%). METHODS Eight discs (8 × 1 mm) of 20 shades of GCRBC were prepared. Color coordinates were measured against a gray background with a calibrated spectroradiometer, CIE D65 illuminant and the CIE 45°/0° geometry at baseline and after 30 days of storage in distilled water, coffee, and red wine. Color differences ( ∆ E 00 ) between final and baseline conditions were calculated. An ATR-FTIR spectrometer with a diamond tip was used to calculate DC%. The results were analyzed statistically using ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc test. The level of significance was p < 0.05. RESULTS DC% and color stability correlated with each other and with the GCRBC brand. DC% ranged between 43% and 96%, highest values correspond to flowable composites. All composites have experienced color changes after immersion in water, wine and coffee. However, the magnitude of the color change has varied widely depending on the immersion medium and the GCRBC. Color changes generated by the wine were, globally, greater than those induced by coffee (p < 0.001) and above the acceptability thresholds. CONCLUSIONS The DC% of GCRBCs is sufficient to achieve adequate biocompatibility and physicomechanical properties, but the high susceptibility to staining could compromise aesthetic long-term results. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The degree of conversion and the color stability of gingiva-colored resin-based composites correlated with each other. All composites have experienced color changes after immersion in water, wine and coffee. Color changes generated by wine were, globally, greater than those induced by coffee and above the acceptability thresholds that could compromise aesthetic long-term results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Benavides-Reyes
- Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Dentistry, Colegio Máximo, Campus de Cartuja s/n. University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - María M Pérez
- Department of Optics, Faculty of Science, Campus Fuentenueva, Edificio Mecenas, s/n. University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - Maria Tejada-Casado
- Department of Optics, Faculty of Science, Campus Fuentenueva, Edificio Mecenas, s/n. University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - Javier Ruiz-López
- Department of Optics, Faculty of Science, Campus Fuentenueva, Edificio Mecenas, s/n. University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - Cristina Lucena
- Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Dentistry, Colegio Máximo, Campus de Cartuja s/n. University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
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Miletic V, Trifković B, Stamenković D, Tango RN, Paravina RD. Effects of staining and artificial aging on optical properties of gingiva-colored resin-based restorative materials. Clin Oral Investig 2022; 26:6817-6827. [PMID: 35882680 PMCID: PMC9643207 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04643-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Objectives To evaluate CIEDE2000/CIELAB differences in color (ΔE00/ΔEab), and translucency parameter (ΔTP00/ΔTPab), and gloss of gingiva-colored resin-based restorative materials upon staining/aging. Materials and methods Disc-shaped, 10 mm in diameter, and 2-mm-thick samples (n = 5/group) were made from giomer (Beautifil II gingiva), oligomer-based (crea.lign GUM gel), CAD/CAM polymethyl-methacrylate-based (IvoBase CAD), PMMA-based (ProBase Hot), and dimethacrylate-based (SR Nexco Paste Gingiva). Color and gloss were recording using a benchtop spectrophotometer and gloss meter, respectively, at baseline (T0), and upon staining in coffee or red wine for 60 (T1) and 120 h (T2), or artificial aging of 150 kJ/m2 (T1) and 300 kJ/m2 (T2). Three-way analysis of variance (materials x staining conditions x time intervals), Tukey’s test (α = 0.05), and Pearson’s correlation test were used in analytical statistics. Results CIEDE2000 color differences ranged from 1.0 to 4.4 (coffee), 1.5 to 5.3 (wine), and 0.9 to 2.0 after artificial aging, with ΔE00 values being significantly higher for Beautifil than other materials (p < 0.05). ΔTP00 values ranged from 0.2 to 0.7 and were statistically higher upon staining in wine compared to artificial aging (p < 0.05). Gloss values at T0 were 76.7–87.0. Beautifil exhibited the lowest gloss retention (50.8–60.2%) after staining, compared to > 90% of other materials (p < 0.05). ΔE00/ΔEab and ΔTP00/ΔTPab were positively correlated (p < 0.0001). Conclusions Color, translucency, and gloss changes of gingiva-colored restorative materials were material- and staining/aging-dependent. Generally, wine caused greatest changes in color (with IvoBase CAD being the most color stable) and translucency parameter. All materials except Beautifil gingiva II exhibited staining- and aging-dependent gloss retention greater than 90% for all compared time intervals. Clinical relevance Optical properties of resin-based gingiva-colored restorative materials depend on material, staining/aging conditions, and exposure time. Certain materials should be avoided in individuals with high consumption of red wine and coffee.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vesna Miletic
- Sydney Dental School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Surry Hills, NSW, 2010, Australia.
| | - Branka Trifković
- Clinic for Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dejan Stamenković
- Private Practice, Belgrade, Serbia and John M Powers, PhD, Houston Center for Biomaterials and Biomimetics (HCBB), University of Texas School of Dentistry at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rubens Nisie Tango
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, State University of Sao Paulo School of Dentistry at Sao Jose dos Campos, Sao Jose dos Campos, Brazil and, John M Powers, PhD, Houston Center for Biomaterials and Biomimetics (HCBB), University of Texas School of Dentistry at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rade Dušan Paravina
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Prosthodontics and John M Powers, PhD, Houston Center for Biomaterials and Biomimetics (HCBB), University of Texas School of Dentistry at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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CIEDE2000 lightness, chroma and hue human gingiva thresholds. J Dent 2022; 124:104213. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2022.104213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Gouveia D, Yilmaz B, Cevik P, Johnston WM. Using Kubelka-Munk reflectance theory to predict optimal pink composite thickness and shade with an opaqued PEEK background for a final gingival color: An in vitro study. Dent Mater 2022; 38:1452-1458. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2022.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Development of a wristband-type wearable device for the colorimetric detection of ammonia emanating from the human skin surface. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2022.100502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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