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Silva-Rodrigues RCD, Nóbrega-Alves DD, Néris-Andrade P, Oliveira-Barreto J, Benatti-Justino A, Salmen-Espindola F, de-Castro RD, Fechine-Tavares J, Sobral-da-Silva M, Sarmento-Guerra FQ, Cançado-Castellano LR. Antifungal activity of Annona crassiflora Mart. dichloromethane fraction against strains of C. albicans. BRAZ J BIOL 2024; 84:e278069. [PMID: 38865564 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.278069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Products derived from medicinal plants with antimicrobial activity are considered a promising alternative in the treatment of fungal infections. In this perspective, this study proposed to evaluate the antifungal activity of the dichloromethane fraction of Annona crassiflora Mart. against C. albicans strains. Tests were carried out to determine Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Minimum Fungicide Concentration (MFC), microbial growth kinetics, fungal cell wall and membrane mechanisms of action, antifungal biofilm activity, and cytotoxic effects on human erythrocytes. The extract presented MIC and MFC values that ranged from 256 µg/mL to 1,024 µg/mL, with fungicidal activity in the microbial growth kinetics assay. The mechanism of action did not occur through damage to the cell wall or via binding to ergosterol in the membrane, though the fraction presents activity against biofilm and is not cytotoxic in human erythrocytes. The dichloromethane fraction of Annona crassiflora Mart. presented antifungal activity and reduced biofilm growth, without toxicity against human erythrocytes; however, further studies are needed to define its mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- R C da Silva-Rodrigues
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB, Departamento de Clínica e Odontologia Social, Laboratório de Farmacologia Experimental e Cultura Celular, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
| | - D da Nóbrega-Alves
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB, Departamento de Clínica e Odontologia Social, Laboratório de Farmacologia Experimental e Cultura Celular, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
| | - P Néris-Andrade
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB, Departamento de Clínica e Odontologia Social, Laboratório de Farmacologia Experimental e Cultura Celular, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
| | - J Oliveira-Barreto
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB, Departmento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Laboratório de Mycologia Clínica, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
| | - A Benatti-Justino
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia - UFU, Biologia Molecular e Laboratório de Bioquímica, Uberlândia, MG, Brasil
| | - F Salmen-Espindola
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia - UFU, Biologia Molecular e Laboratório de Bioquímica, Uberlândia, MG, Brasil
| | - R Dias de-Castro
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB, Departamento de Clínica e Odontologia Social, Laboratório de Farmacologia Experimental e Cultura Celular, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
| | - J Fechine-Tavares
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB, Departmento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Laboratório de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
| | - M Sobral-da-Silva
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB, Departmento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Laboratório de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
| | - F Q Sarmento-Guerra
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB, Departmento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Laboratório de Mycologia Clínica, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
| | - L R Cançado-Castellano
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB, Escola Técnica de Saúde - ETS, Grupo de Pesquisa e Estudo de Imunologia Humana, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
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Shinohara T, Wada A, Abe M, Nakayama N, Nagi M, Miyazaki Y. A novel zinc-chelating compound has antifungal activity against a wide range of Candida species, including multidrug-resistant Candida auris. JAC Antimicrob Resist 2024; 6:dlad155. [PMID: 38384742 PMCID: PMC10880073 DOI: 10.1093/jacamr/dlad155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives In recent years, the incidence of invasive fungal infections has increased, resulting in considerable morbidity and mortality, particularly among immunocompromised individuals. Potential challenges in treating these infections with the few existing antifungal agents highlight the urgency of developing new ones. Here, we evaluated six alkyl polyamine compounds (APCs), not previously reported as antifungal drugs to our knowledge, that could deprive fungi of essential transition metals. Methods The APC with confirmed antifungal activity against Candida spp. was analysed by using transcriptomics, followed by metal-addition experiments, mass spectrometric analyses and intracellular zinc quantification with a fluorescent probe. Results A cyclic APC with three pyridylmethyl groups, APC6, had high antifungal activity against a wide range of Candida species, including MDR Candida auris. We conclusively demonstrated that APC6 was able to capture zinc within fungal cells. APC6 not only exhibited activity against C. auris as a single agent but also enhanced the efficacy of an azole antifungal agent, voriconazole, in vitro and in vivo. APC6 disrupted the biofilms formed by Candida species. Conclusions This zinc-chelating compound has potential as an antifungal agent, and the control of zinc levels in Candida species could be a powerful approach to treating drug-resistant candidiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Shinohara
- Department of Fungal Infection, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Wada
- Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, RIKEN, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masahiro Abe
- Department of Fungal Infection, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuko Nakayama
- Department of Fungal Infection, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Minoru Nagi
- Department of Fungal Infection, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshitsugu Miyazaki
- Department of Fungal Infection, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
- Leprosy Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
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Krishnan SR, Skiba A, Luca SV, Marcourt L, Wolfender JL, Skalicka-Woźniak K, Gertsch J. Bioactivity-guided isolation of trypanocidal coumarins and dihydro-pyranochromones from selected Apiaceae plant species. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2023:113770. [PMID: 37331573 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2023.113770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Bioactivity-guided isolation of natural products from plant matrices is widely used in drug discovery. Here, this strategy was applied to identify trypanocidal coumarins effective against the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiologic agent of Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis). Previously, phylogenetic relationships of trypanocidal activity revealed a coumarin-associated antichagasic hotspot in the Apiaceae. In continuation, a total of 35 ethyl acetate extracts of different Apiaceae species were profiled for selective cytotoxicity against T. cruzi epimastigotes over host CHO-K1 and RAW264.7 cells at 10 μg/mL. A flow cytometry-based T. cruzi trypomastigote cellular infection assay was employed to measure toxicity against the intracellular amastigote stage. Among the tested extracts, Seseli andronakii aerial parts, Portenschlagiella ramosissima and Angelica archangelica subsp. litoralis roots exhibited selective trypanocidal activity and were subjected to bioactivity-guided fractionation and isolation by countercurrent chromatography. The khellactone ester isosamidin isolated from the aerial parts of S. andronakii emerged as a selective trypanocidal molecule (selectivity index ∼9) and inhibited amastigote replication in CHO-K1 cells, though it was significantly less potent than benznidazole. The khellactone ester praeruptorin B and the linear dihydropyranochromones 3'-O-acetylhamaudol and ledebouriellol isolated from the roots of P. ramosissima were more potent and efficiently inhibited the intracellular amastigote replication at < 10 μM. The furanocoumarins imperatorin, isoimperatorin and phellopterin from A. archangelica inhibited T. cruzi replication in host cells only in combination, indicative of superadditive effects, while alloimperatorin was more active in fractions. Our study reports preliminary structure-activity relationships of trypanocidal coumarins and shows that pyranocoumarins and dihydropyranochromones are potential chemical scaffolds for antichagasic drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandhya R Krishnan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Adrianna Skiba
- Department of Chemistry of Natural Products, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093, Lublin, Poland
| | - Simon Vlad Luca
- Biothermodynamics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85354, Freising, Germany; Department of Pharmacognosy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115, Iasi, Romania
| | - Laurence Marcourt
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, CMU, Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Luc Wolfender
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, CMU, Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Krystyna Skalicka-Woźniak
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Chemistry of Natural Products, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Jürg Gertsch
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
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Volpato LER, Trigueiro PGDC, Aranha AMF, Violante IMP, Silva RAD, Oliveira RCD. Antimicrobial potential of plant extracts from the Brazilian Cerrado. Braz Dent J 2022; 33:96-104. [DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440202204705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Bacteria are related do different oral diseases, such as dental caries and periodontal disease. Therefore, the control or/and eradication of microorganisms and their by-products is primordial for the success of their treatment. An alternative for decrease bacterial load is the use of plant extracts used in popular medicine. The cytotoxicity and antimicrobial action of extracts of Cariniana rubra Gardiner ex Miers, Senna martiniana, Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan and Spiranthera odoratissima St. Hil. against strains of Streptococcus mutans, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Aggregatibacter actinomyces- tencomitans and Candida albicans were investigated. Cytotoxicity was assessed at concentrations of 1, 10, 40, 80, 100 and 1000 μg/mL by means of the MTT test and compared to a control group with untreated cells. Those with acceptable cytotoxicity had the antimicrobial action measured by the XTT test. As a positive control, sodium hypochlorite was used. Cariniana rubra Gardiner ex Miers had the highest citototoxicity results while Spiranthera odoratissima St. Hil. had the best results, but all extracts showed acceptable cytotoxicity at different concentrations. The plant extracts showed higher activity against A. actinomycetencomitans: Anadenanthera columbrina (Vell.) Brenan (80.52%) at 40 μg/mL, Spiranthera odoratissima St. Hil (78.48%) in 1 μg/mL, Senna martiniana (73.28%) in the concentration of 40 μg/mL and Cariniana rubra Gardiner ex Miers (70.50%) in 10 μg/mL. All extracts analyzed showed acceptable cytotoxicity at different concentrations and were promising for inhibition of the pathogenic microorganisms studied.
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García-Huertas P, Cardona-Castro N. Advances in the treatment of Chagas disease: Promising new drugs, plants and targets. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 142:112020. [PMID: 34392087 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chagas disease, caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, is treated with only two drugs; benznidazole and nifurtimox. These drugs have some disadvantages, including their efficacy only in the acute or early infection phases, adverse effects during their use, and the resistance that the parasite has developed to their activity. Therefore, it is necessary to identify new, safe and effective therapeutic alternatives to treat Chagas disease, though governments and the pharmaceutical industry have shown a lack of interest in contributing to this solution. Institutions and research groups on the other hand have worked on some strategies that can help to address the problem. Some of these include the modification of conventional drug dosages, drug repurposing, and combined therapy. Plants and derived compounds with antiparasitic effects have also been studied, taking advantage of traditional medicinal knowledge. Others have studied the parasite to identify essential genes that can be used as therapeutic targets to design new, targeted drugs. Some of these studies have generated promising results, but few reach clinical phase studies. Institutions and research groups should be encouraged to unify efforts and cover all aspects of drug development according to resources and knowledge availability. In the end, this exchange of knowledge would lead to the development of new therapeutic alternatives to treat Chagas disease and benefit the populations it affects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nora Cardona-Castro
- Instituto Colombiano de Medicina Tropical, Universidad CES, Sabaneta, Colombia.
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A Molecular Networking Strategy: High-Throughput Screening and Chemical Analysis of Brazilian Cerrado Plant Extracts against Cancer Cells. Cells 2021; 10:cells10030691. [PMID: 33804755 PMCID: PMC8004027 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants have historically been a rich source of successful anticancer drugs and chemotherapeutic agents, with research indicating that this trend will continue. In this contribution, we performed high-throughput cytotoxicity screening of 702 extracts from 95 plant species, representing 40 families of the Brazilian Cerrado biome. Activity was investigated against the following cancer cell lines: colon (Colo205 and Km12), renal (A498 and U031), liver (HEP3B and SKHEP), and osteosarcoma (MG63 and MG63.3). Dose-response tests were conducted with 44 of the most active extracts, with 22 demonstrating IC50 values ranging from <1.3 to 20 µg/mL. A molecular networking strategy was formulated using the Global Natural Product Social Molecular Networking (GNPS) platform to visualize, analyze, and annotate the compounds present in 17 extracts active against NCI-60 cell lines. Significant cytotoxic activity was found for Salacia crassifolia, Salacia elliptica, Simarouba versicolor, Diospyros hispida, Schinus terebinthifolia, Casearia sylvestris var. lingua, Magonia pubescens, and Rapanea guianensis. Molecular networking resulted in the annotation of 27 compounds. This strategy provided an initial overview of a complex and diverse natural product data set, yielded a large amount of chemical information, identified patterns and known compounds, and assisted in defining priorities for further studies.
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Silva RL, Demarque DP, Dusi RG, Sousa JPB, Albernaz LC, Espindola LS. Residual Larvicidal Activity of Quinones against Aedes aegypti. Molecules 2020; 25:E3978. [PMID: 32878348 PMCID: PMC7504811 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25173978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The number of documented dengue cases has increased dramatically in recent years due to transmission through the Aedes aegypti mosquito bite. Vector control remains the most effective measure to protect against this and other arboviral diseases including Zika, chikungunya and (urban) yellow fever, with an established vaccine only available for yellow fever. Although the quinone class shows potential as leading compounds for larvicide development, limited information restricts the development of optimized structures and/or formulations. Thus, in this contribution we investigated the larvicidal and pupicidal activity of three quinone compounds isolated from a Connarus suberosus root wood ethyl acetate extract together with 28 quinones from other sources. Eight quinones demonstrated larvicidal activity, of which tectoquinone (4) proved to be the most active (LC50 1.1 µg/mL). The essential residual effect parameter of four of these quinones was evaluated in laboratory trials, with tectoquinone (4) and 2-ethylanthraquinone (7) presenting the most prolonged activity. In small-scale field residual tests, tectoquinone (4) caused 100% larvae mortality over 5 days, supporting its selection for formulation trials to develop a prototype larvicide to control Ae. aegypti.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Laila S. Espindola
- Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil; (R.L.S.); (D.P.D.); (R.G.D.); (J.P.B.S.); (L.C.A.)
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Rebouças NC, Cordeiro LS, Araújo RDS, Ribeiro RDTM, Loiola MIB. Flora do Ceará, Brasil: Ebenaceae. RODRIGUÉSIA 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202071029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Resumo Apresentamos o levantamento florístico das espécies de Ebenaceae para o estado do Ceará, como parte do projeto “Projeto Flora do Ceará: conhecer para conservar”. O estudo foi baseado na análise comparativa dos caracteres morfológicos de espécimes depositados nos Herbários ASE, EAC, HCDAL, HUEFS, HUVA, INPA, MAC e UB, de amostras obtidas em campo, bibliografias especializadas e imagens de coleções-tipo. A família é representada no estado pelo gênero Diospyros, com três espécies: D. coccolobifolia, D. inconstans subsp. obovata e D. sericea. As espécies têm distribuição disjunta, restrita ou amplamente distribuídas em território cearense, ocorrendo em vegetação de Savana (Cerrado), Savana Estépica (Caatinga), Floresta Estacional Decidual (Mata Seca), Floresta Estacional Semidecidual das Terras Baixas (Mata de Tabuleiro), Vegetação com Influência Marinha (Restinga) e Floresta Ombrófila Densa (Mata Úmida). As três espécies foram registradas em Unidades de Conservação no estado.
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Moreira RRD, Santos AGD, Carvalho FA, Perego CH, Crevelin EJ, Crotti AEM, Cogo J, Cardoso MLC, Nakamura CV. Antileishmanial activity of Melampodium divaricatum and Casearia sylvestris essential oils on Leishmania amazonensis. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2019; 61:e33. [PMID: 31269109 PMCID: PMC6609133 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-9946201961033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a disease that affects millions of people and it is an important public health problem. The drugs currently used for the treatment of leishmaniasis present undesirable side effects and low efficacy. In this study, we evaluated the in vitro activity of Melampodium divaricatum (MD-EO) and Casearia sylvestris (CS-EO) essential oils (EO) against promastigote and amastigote forms of Leishmania amazonensis. Sesquiterpenes E-caryophyllene (56.0%), germacrene D (12.7%) and bicyclogermacrene (9.2%) were identified as the main components of MD-EO, whereas E-caryophyllene (22.2%), germacrene D (19.6%) and bicyclogermacrene (12.2%) were the main constituents of CS-EO. CS-EO and E-caryophyllene were active against promastigote forms of L. amazonensis (IC50 24.2, 29.8 and 49.9 µg/mL, respectively). However, MD-EO, CS-EO and E-caryophyllene were more active against amastigote forms, with IC50 values of 10.7, 14.0, and 10.7 µg/mL, respectively. E-caryophyllene presented lower cytotoxicity against macrophages J774-A1 (CC50 of 62.1 µg/mL) than the EO. The EOs and E-caryophyllene should be further studied for the development of new antileishmanial drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - André Gonzaga Dos Santos
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Flavio Alexandre Carvalho
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Caio Humberto Perego
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo José Crevelin
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Química, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antônio Eduardo Miller Crotti
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Química, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana Cogo
- Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Mara Lane Carvalho Cardoso
- Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Farmácia e Farmacologia, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Celso Vataru Nakamura
- Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
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de Paula RC, da Silva SM, Faria KF, Frézard F, Moreira CPDS, Foubert K, Lopes JCD, Campana PRV, Rocha MP, Silva AF, Silva CG, Pieters L, Almeida VL. In vitro antileishmanial activity of leaf and stem extracts of seven Brazilian plant species. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 232:155-164. [PMID: 30580025 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease that affects people all over the world. The number of cases of leishmaniasis is increasing and the drugs used for its treatment are toxic and not always effective. The recognition of the global nature of this disease and its direct or indirect effects on health economics and actions focuses attention on the development of new therapeutic options. In Brazil, this parasitic disease is endemic in many regions. The plants used by the population against leishmaniasis can be good starting points in the search of new lead compounds for antileishmanial drugs. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of the present study was to investigate the antileishmanial activity of extracts from leaves and stems of seven Brazilian plant species used by the population to treat leishmaniasis, and symptoms that might be related to Leishmania infections. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty two extracts from seven plants belonging to five different botanical families were prepared by different methods and evaluated for their effect on the viability of promastigote forms of Leishmania infantum (MHOM/BR/1967/BH46) using the resazurin-based colorimetric assay. The extracts were considered active when they inhibited the growth of promastigotes in a percentage greater than or equal to 50% at 100 and 200 µg/mL. The active samples were further investigated to determine IC50, CC50 and SI values against promastigote forms of L. infantum. The active and non-cytotoxic extracts (SI> 10) were evaluated against amastigote forms of L. infantum. In addition, the active extracts against the amastigote forms were analyzed by TLC and HPLC, while the EtOAc extract of stems from Aspidosperma tomentosum was also evaluated by GC/MS. RESULTS Among the twenty two extracts evaluated, two were considered active against L. infantum. The EtOH extract of leaves from Dyospiros hispida (IC50 55.48 ± 2.77 µg/mL and IC50 80.63 ± 13.17 µg/mL, respectively) and the EtOAc extract of stems from Aspidosperma tomentosum (IC50 9.70 ± 2.82 µg/mL and IC50 15.88 ± 1.53 µg/mL, respectively) inhibited significantly the growth of promastigote and amastigote forms of L. infantum. Some extracts, although active in the initial screening, were considered toxic since the SI was lower than 10. In TLC and HPLC analysis the leaf extract of Dyospiros hispida showed the presence of anthraquinones, terpenes and saponins, and in the EtOAc extract of stems from Aspidosperma tomentosum alkaloids and flavonoids were detected. In addition, in the latter extract the indole alkaloids uleine and dasycarpidone could be identified by GC/MS. CONCLUSIONS The ethnopharmacological data of Aspidosperma tomentosum and Dyospiros hispida in part support the results found in the biological models used. Extracts of Aspidosperma tomentosum and Dyospiros hispida presented promising results against L. infantum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Cristina de Paula
- Laboratório de Bioensaios em Leishmania, ICBIM, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Sydnei Magno da Silva
- Laboratório de Bioensaios em Leishmania, ICBIM, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Karen Ferraz Faria
- Laboratório de Bioensaios em Leishmania, ICBIM, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Frédéric Frézard
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Kenn Foubert
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Júlio César Dias Lopes
- Chemoinformatics Group (NEQUIM), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Marina Pereira Rocha
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Cláudia Gontijo Silva
- Serviço de Fitoquímica e Prospecção Farmacêutica, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Luc Pieters
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Vera Lúcia Almeida
- Serviço de Fitoquímica e Prospecção Farmacêutica, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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de Almeida VL, Silva CG, Silva AF, Campana PRV, Foubert K, Lopes JCD, Pieters L. Aspidosperma species: A review of their chemistry and biological activities. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 231:125-140. [PMID: 30395977 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Species of Aspidosperma are known popularly as "peroba, guatambu, carapanaúba, pau-pereiro" and "quina". The genus can be found in the Americas, mainly between Mexico and Argentina. Many species of Aspidosperma are used by the population in treating cardiovascular diseases, malaria, fever, diabetes and rheumatism. The phytochemical aspects of the species of the genus Aspidosperma have been studied extensively. The monoterpene indole alkaloids are the main secondary metabolites in Aspidosperma species, and about 250 of them have been isolated showing a considerable structural diversity. Several of them have showed some important pharmacological activities. Aspidosperma subincanum Mart. and Aspidosperma tomentosum Mart. (Apocynaceae) are Brazilian species widely used by the population to treat diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia. The pharmacological activities of both species have been investigated and the biological properties described can be related to their isolated indole alkaloids. However, more pharmacological studies are needed in order to justify the use of these species in folk medicine. In this review, we present reports mainly focused on chemical and biological studies and their relationship with the ethnopharmacological use of both Aspidosperma species. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this review is to present their ethnopharmacological use as correlated to their biological activities as described for the extracts and isolated compounds from Aspidosperma subincanum Mart. and Aspidosperma tomentosum Mart. In addition, some aspects related to the biosynthetic pathways are discussed, also NMR assignments and some synthesis information about indole alkaloids from both Aspidosperma species are included. MATERIAL AND METHODS The bibliographic search was made in theses and dissertations using some databases such as NDLTD (Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations), OATD (Open Access Theses and Dissertations) and Google Scholar. More data were gathered from books, Brazilian journals and articles available on electronic databases such as, Google Scholar, PubChem, Scifinder, Web of Science, SciELO, PubMed and Science Direct. Additionally, the Google Patents and Espacenet Patent Search (EPO) were also consulted. The keywords Aspidosperma, A. subincanum, A. tomentosum, indole alkaloids were used in the research. The languages were restricted to Portuguese, English and Spanish and references were selected according to their relevance. RESULTS A. subincanum Mart. and A. tomentosum Mart. (Apocynaceae) are Brazilian species widely used by the population to treat a few diseases. Extracts and isolated compounds of both species have shown antitumor and antimalarial activities. The antitumor activity of isolated compounds has been extensively studied. However, the antiplasmodial activity needs to be investigated further as well as the anti-inflammatory, anti-hyperlipidemic and anorexigenic activities. From A. subincanum twenty-one indole alkaloids were isolated and some of them have been extensively studied. From the leaves and bark of A. tomentosum four alkaloids and one flavonoid were isolated. Furthermore, CG-MS analysis of seeds, branches, leaves and arils identified nine indole alkaloids. Stemmadenine has been proposed as a precursor of indole alkaloids obtained from some species of Aspidosperma. Many of the biosynthetic steps have been characterized at the enzymatic level and appropriate genes have been identified, however, other steps have yet to be investigated and they are still controversial. Some isolated alkaloids from A. subincanum and A. tomentosum were identified only by mass spectrometry. In many cases, their NMR data was either not available or was incomplete. The described meta-analysis of the available NMR data revealed that the chemical shifts belonging to the indole ring might be used to characterize this class of alkaloids within complex matrices such as plant extracts. The biological activities and the structural complexity of these compounds have stimulated the interest of many groups into their synthesis. In this review, some information about the synthesis of indole alkaloids and their derivatives was presented. CONCLUSIONS A. subincanum and A. tomentosum are used by the population of Brazil to treat many diseases. A few biological activities described for the extracts and isolated compounds of both species are in agreement with the ethnopharmacological use for others species of Aspidosperma, such as, antimalarial, the treatment of diabetes and other illnesses. These species are sources of leading compounds which can be used for developing new drugs. In addition, other biological activities reported and suggested by ethnopharmacological data have yet to be investigated and could be an interesting area in the search for new bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Lúcia de Almeida
- Serviço de Fitoquímica e Prospecção Farmacêutica, Divisão de Ciência e Inovação, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Gontijo Silva
- Serviço de Fitoquímica e Prospecção Farmacêutica, Divisão de Ciência e Inovação, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Andréia Fonseca Silva
- Herbário PAMG, Departamento de Pesquisa, Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Kenn Foubert
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Júlio César Dias Lopes
- Chemoinformatics group (NEQUIM), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Luc Pieters
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
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Efficacy of lapachol on treatment of cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis. Exp Parasitol 2019; 199:67-73. [PMID: 30797783 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2019.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is one of the most important neglected diseases worldwide. It is a life-threatening disease and causes significant morbidity, long-term disability, and early death. Treatment involves disease control or use of intervention measures, although the currently used drugs require long-lasting therapy, and display toxicity and reduced efficacy. The use of natural products isolated from plants, such as lapachol, an abundant naphthoquinone naturally occurring in South American Handroanthus species (Tabebuia, Bignoniaceae), is a promising option for the treatment of leishmaniasis. In this study, we investigated the leishmanicidal activity of lapachol in vitro and in vivo against Leishmania infantum and L. amazonensis, causative agents of visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis, respectively. Low cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells (3405.8 ± 261.33 μM), good anti-Leishmania activity, and favorable selectivity indexes (SI) against promastigotes of both L. amazonensis (IC50 = 79.84 ± 9.10 μM, SI = 42.65) and L. infantum (IC50 = 135.79 ± 33.04 μM, SI = 25.08) were observed. Furthermore, anti-Leishmania activity assays performed on intracellular amastigotes showed good activity for lapachol (IC50 = 191.95 μM for L. amazonensis and 171.26 μM for L. infantum). Flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that the cytotoxic effect of lapachol in Leishmania promastigotes was caused by apoptosis-like death. Interestingly, the in vitro leishmanicidal effect of lapachol was confirmed in vivo in murine models of visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis, as lapachol (25 mg/kg oral route for 24 h over 10 days) was able to significantly reduce the parasitic load in skin lesions, liver, and spleen, similar to amphotericin B, the reference drug. These results reinforce the therapeutic potential of lapachol, which warrants further investigations as an anti-leishmaniasis therapeutic.
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Pereira Rocha M, Rodrigues Valadares Campana P, de Oliveira Scoaris D, de Almeida VL, Dias Lopes JC, Fonseca Silva A, Pieters L, Gontijo Silva C. Biological activities of extracts from Aspidosperma subincanum Mart. and in silico prediction for inhibition of acetylcholinesterase. Phytother Res 2018; 32:2021-2033. [PMID: 29998591 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Species of Aspidosperma are traditionally used to treat malaria, leishmaniasis, microbial, and inflammatory diseases. Aspidosperma subincanum Mart. known as "guatambu" is used in Brazilian traditional medicine to treat diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, and digestive diseases. Its tonic properties have been employed by the indigenous populations to stimulate the circulatory and genitourinary tracts and to improve respiratory function as well as to relieve spasms and to reduce fever. The species is known to contain antitumoural and antimalarial indole alkaloids. In the present study, various less explored biological activities of extracts from leaves and branches of A. subincanum were investigated, that is, inhibition of acetylcholinesterase as well as antioxidant and antibacterial activity. Twenty-one known indole alkaloids from this species were targeted for predicting the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase, and their biological activities were collected from the literature. Through in silico the prediction, the indole alkaloids uleine and derivatives demonstrated a strong probability of being able to inhibit the acetylcholinesterase enzyme, as well as the olivacine derivatives 3,4-dihydroolivacine and N-methyl-tetrahydro-olivacine (guatambuine), and the subincanadines C and E. Indeed, the extracts of A. subincanum showed acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity, antioxidant activity in the lipid peroxidation assay, and antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, and their pharmacological properties should be explored further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Pereira Rocha
- Serviço de Biotecnologia Vegetal, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Priscilla Rodrigues Valadares Campana
- Serviço de Fitoquímica e Prospecção Farmacêutica, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, FAFAR-UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Vera Lúcia de Almeida
- Serviço de Fitoquímica e Prospecção Farmacêutica, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Júlio César Dias Lopes
- Chemoinformatics Group (NEQUIM), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Andréia Fonseca Silva
- Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária de Minas Gerais (EPAMIG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Luc Pieters
- Natural Products and Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Cláudia Gontijo Silva
- Serviço de Biotecnologia Vegetal, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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Chemical composition and seasonality variability of the Spiranthera odoratissima volatile oils leaves. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2017.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Correia AF, Silveira D, Fonseca-Bazzo YM, Magalhães PO, Fagg CW, da Silva EC, Gomes SM, Gandolfi L, Pratesi R, de Medeiros Nóbrega YK. Activity of crude extracts from Brazilian cerrado plants against clinically relevant Candida species. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 16:203. [PMID: 27401815 PMCID: PMC4940766 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1164-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Medicinal plants have traditionally been used in many parts of the world as alternative medicine. Many extracts and essential oils isolated from plants have disclosed biological activity, justifying the investigation of their potential antimicrobial activity. In this study, the in vitro antifungal activity of six Brazilian Cerrado medicinal plant species were evaluated against clinically relevant Candida species. Methods The crude extract plants were evaluated against American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) standard strains of Candida spp. using disk diffusion method and determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The chemical study results were confirmed by HPLC method. Results All six plant species showed antifungal activity. Among the species studied, Eugenia dysenterica and Pouteria ramiflora showed significant inhibitory activity against C. tropicalis at lowest MIC value of 125 and 500 μg/disc, respectively. The Eugenia dysenterica also disclosed MIC value of 125 μg/disc against C. famata, 250 μg/disc against C. krusei and 500 μg/disc against C. guilliermondii and C. parapsilosis. Pouteria torta, Bauhinia rufa, Erythroxylum daphnites and Erythroxylum subrotundum showed activity against the yeast strains with MIC value of 1000 μg/disc. The chemical study of the most bioactive extracts of Eugenia dysenterica and Pouteria ramiflora revealed catechin derivatives and flavonoids as main components. Conclusions All six evaluated plant species showed good antifungal potential against several Candida strains. However, E .dysenterica and P. ramiflora showed the higher inhibitory effect against the non-albicans Candida species. Our results may contribute to the continuing search of new natural occurring products with antifungal activity.
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Oliveira DR, Krettli AU, Aguiar ACC, Leitão GG, Vieira MN, Martins KS, Leitão SG. Ethnopharmacological evaluation of medicinal plants used against malaria by quilombola communities from Oriximiná, Brazil. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 173:424-34. [PMID: 26231451 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Revised: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Malaria is the most important parasitic disease in the world, including in the Amazon region, due to its high incidence. In addition, malaria is difficult to control because of the geographical characteristics of the endemic Amazon region. The quilombola communities of Oriximina, located in remote rainforest areas, have extensive experience with medicinal plants due to their close contact with and dependence on local biodiversity as a therapeutic resource. To search for active bioproducts against malaria, based on in vitro tests using blood culture-derived parasites and plants selected by an ethno-directed approach in traditional quilombola communities of Oriximiná, in the Amazon region of Brazil. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ethnobotanical data were collected from 35 informants in the quilombola communities of Oriximiná, Brazil, by a free-listing method for the survey of species locally indicated to be effective against malaria and related symptoms. Data were analyzed by salience index (S) and major use agreement. The activity of extracts from 11 plants, selected based on their Salience values (four plants with S>1; seven plants with S<0.1), was measured in vitro in cultures of W2 clone Plasmodium falciparum parasites resistant to chloroquine. RESULTS Thirty-five ethnospecies comprising 40 different plants belonging to 23 botanical families and 37 genera were listed as antimalarials by the ethno-directed approach. Among these, 11 species selected based on their S values were assayed against P. falciparum. The most active plant extracts, with an IC50 as low as 1.6μg/mL, were obtained from Aspidosperma rigidum (Apocynaceae), Bertholletia excelsa (Lecythidaceae) and Simaba cedron (Simaroubaceae), all of which displayed an S value>1. CONCLUSION A strong correlation between the consensus of the informants from quilombola communities living in a malaria endemic area and the salience index indicating antiplasmodial activity was observed, where the ethnospecies mostly cited to be effective against malaria produced the most active plant extracts in vitro. It was also evident from the data that these groups approached the treatment of malaria with an holistic view, making use of purgative, depurative, emetic and adaptogen plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo R Oliveira
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CCS, Bloco A 2° andar, Ilha do Fundão, 21941-590 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Antoniana U Krettli
- Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Laboratório de Malaria, FIOCRUZ, Av. Augusto de Lima, 1715, Barro Preto, 30190-002 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Faculty of Medicine, Av. Alfredo Balena, Pós Graduação em Medicina Molecular, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Anna Caroline C Aguiar
- Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Laboratório de Malaria, FIOCRUZ, Av. Augusto de Lima, 1715, Barro Preto, 30190-002 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Faculty of Medicine, Av. Alfredo Balena, Pós Graduação em Medicina Molecular, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Gilda G Leitão
- Núcleo de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CCS, Bloco H, Ilha do Fundão, 21941-590 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Mariana N Vieira
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CCS, Bloco A 2° andar, Ilha do Fundão, 21941-590 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Karine S Martins
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CCS, Bloco A 2° andar, Ilha do Fundão, 21941-590 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Suzana G Leitão
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CCS, Bloco A 2° andar, Ilha do Fundão, 21941-590 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Santana DB, da Costa RC, Araújo RM, de Paula JE, Silveira ER, Braz-Filho R, Espindola LS. Activity of Fabaceae species extracts against fungi and Leishmania: vatacarpan as a novel potent anti-Candida agent. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2015.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Safavi M, Shams-Ardakani M, Foroumadi A. Medicinal plants in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infections. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2015; 53:939-960. [PMID: 25430849 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2014.952837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Helicobacter pylori is a small, spiral, Gram-negative bacillus that plays a role in the pathogenesis of a number of diseases ranging from asymptomatic gastritis to gastric cancer. Schedule compliance, antibiotic drug resistance, and side-effects of triple or quadruple therapy have led to research for novel candidates from plants. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this paper is to review the most potent medicinal plants of recently published literature with anti-H. pylori activity. For centuries, herbals have been used by traditional healers around the world to treat various gastrointestinal tract disorders such as dyspepsia, gastritis, and peptic ulcer disease. The mechanism of action by which these botanicals exert their therapeutic properties has not been completely and clearly elucidated. Anti-H. pylori properties may be one of the possible mechanisms by which gastroprotective herbs treat gastrointestinal tract disorders. MATERIALS AND METHODS Electronic databases such as PubMed, Google scholar, EBSCO, and local databases were explored for medicinal plants with anti-H. pylori properties between 1984 and 2013 using key words "medicinal plants" and "Helicobacter pylori" or "anti-Helicobacter pylori". RESULTS A total of 43 medicinal plant species belonging to 27 families including Amaryllidaceae, Anacardiaceae, Apiaceae, Apocynaceae, Asclepiadoideae, Asteraceae, Bignoniaceae, Clusiaceae, Chancapiedra, Combretaceae, Cyperaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, Geraniaceae, Lamiaceae, Lauraceae, Lythraceae, Menispermaceae, Myristicaceae, Myrtaceae, Oleaceae, Papaveraceae, Plumbaginaceae, Poaceae, Ranunculaceae, Rosaceae, and Theaceae were studied as herbs with potent anti-H. pylori effects. CONCLUSION Traditional folk medicinal use of some of these plants to treat gastric infections is substantiated by the antibacterial activity of their extracts against H. pylori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maliheh Safavi
- Department of Biotechnology, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST) , Tehran , Iran
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Antinarelli LM, Pinto NC, Scio E, Coimbra ES. Antileishmanial activity of some Brazilian plants, with particular reference to Casearia sylvestris. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 87:733-42. [DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201520140288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a complex of diseases caused by Leishmania protozoa which treatment is restricted to a limited number of drugs that exhibit high toxicity, collateral effects and are often costly. There are a variety of tropical plants distributed in Brazil, and for many poor people the therapy for several diseases is based mainly on the use of traditional herbal remedies. In this work, the cytotoxic activity of 17 plant methanol extracts was evaluated on several Leishmania species and murine macrophages. Among them, the extract of Casearia sylvestris, Piptocarpha macropoda, Trembleya parviflora, Samanea tubulosa and Plectranthus neochilus showed a promissing leishmanicidal activity, exhibiting IC50 values below of 20 µg/mL against at least one species of Leishmania. Casearia sylvestris showed the most expressive activity against all promastigote forms of Leishmania species (IC50 values of 5.4 µg/mL, 5.0 µg/mL, 8.5 µg/mL and 7.7 µg/mL for L. amazonensis, L. braziliensis, L. chagasi and L. major, respectively), being more effective than the reference drug miltefosine. In spite of the cytotoxic effect on macrophages (CC50 value of 5.2 µg/mL), C. sylvestris exhibited a strong inhibition against intracellular amastigotes of L. braziliensis (IC50 value of 1.3 µg/mL). Further studies, including bio-guided fractionation will be conducted to identify the active compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elita Scio
- Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Brasil
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Basset C, Eparvier V, Espindola LS. The Search for Antifungals from Amazonian Trees: A Bio-Inspired Screening. Nat Prod Commun 2015. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1501000417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The anti-fungal activity of 60 extracts from 15 tree species in the French Guiana rainforest against human and wood-rotting fungi was studied. In this way (+)-mopanol (1) was isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of Peltogyne sp. (Caesalpiniaceae) wood. This work demonstrated that (1) the natural durability of wood can indeed guide the search for antifungal agents, (2) that extracts selected in this bio-inspired process exhibit a broad spectrum of antifungal activity and (3) that the method allows for the isolation of strongly active antifungals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlie Basset
- CNRS, UMR ECOFOG, Université des Antilles et de la Guyane, 97300 Cayenne, French Guiana, France
- Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Véronique Eparvier
- CNRS – Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, 1 avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - Laila S. Espindola
- Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
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Fagg CW, Lughadha EN, Milliken W, Nicholas Hind DJ, Brandão MGL. Useful Brazilian plants listed in the manuscripts and publications of the Scottish medic and naturalist George Gardner (1812-1849). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 161:18-29. [PMID: 25457988 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Revised: 11/01/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Information regarding the beneficial use of native Brazilian plants was compiled by a number of European naturalists in the 19th century. The Scottish surgeon botanist George Gardner (1812-1849) was one such naturalist; however, the useful plants recorded in his manuscripts have not yet been studied in depth. AIM OF THE STUDY To present data recorded by Gardner in his manuscript Catalogue of Brazilian Plants regarding the use of native plants by Brazilian people and evaluate the extent to which they have been explored. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data on useful plants were obtained from Gardner׳s manuscript Catalogue of Brazilian Plants deposited in the Archives of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK. The identification of each plant was determined and/or updated by consulting the preserved botanical collections of Gardner deposited in the Herbarium of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (hereafter K), and expert determinations in other herbaria where duplicates are held. Correlated pharmacological studies for each plant were obtained from the PubMed database. Information recorded in Gardner׳s diary and previously published elsewhere complemented these data. RESULTS A total of 63 useful plants was recorded from the Catalogue and a further 30 from Gardner׳s book Travels in the Interior of Brazil (Gardner, 1846). Of the recorded names in the Catalogue, 46 (73%) could be identified to species by consulting specimens collected by Gardner and held at Kew. Thirty-six different traditional uses were registered for the identified plants, the most common being as febrifuges, to treat venereal complaints and as purgatives. Fewer than 50% of these species have been the focus of published pharmacological studies, yet for those which have been thus investigated, the efficacies reported by Gardner were confirmed. CONCLUSION The data recorded by Gardner represent a rich, relatively unexplored source of information regarding the traditional uses of Brazilian plants which merits further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher W Fagg
- Faculdade de Ceilandia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil; Departamento de Botânica, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | | | - William Milliken
- Herbarium, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3AB, UK
| | | | - Maria G L Brandão
- CEPLAMT, Museu de História Natural e Jardim Botânico, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31080-010 Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31080-010 Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
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Antifungal Activity of Decyl Gallate against Several Species of Pathogenic Fungi. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 2014:506273. [PMID: 25505923 PMCID: PMC4258339 DOI: 10.1155/2014/506273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Revised: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
This work aims to demonstrate that the gallic acid structure modification to the decyl gallate (G14) compound contributed to increase the antifungal activity against several species of pathogenic fungi, mainly, Candida spp., Cryptococcus spp., Paracoccidioides spp., and Histoplasma capsulatum, according to standardized microdilution method described by Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) documents. Moreover this compound has a particularly good selectivity index value, which makes it an excellent candidate for broad-spectrum antifungal prototype and encourages the continuation of subsequent studies for the discovery of its mechanism of action.
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Antileishmanial activity and cytotoxicity of Brazilian plants. Exp Parasitol 2014; 143:60-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2014.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Revised: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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da Costa RC, Santana DB, Araújo RM, de Paula JE, do Nascimento PC, Lopes NP, Braz-Filho R, Espindola LS. Discovery of the rapanone and suberonone mixture as a motif for leishmanicidal and antifungal applications. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:135-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2013] [Revised: 11/16/2013] [Accepted: 11/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Trypanocidal activity of 1,3,7-trihydroxy-2-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-xanthone isolated from Kielmeyera coriacea. Parasitol Int 2013; 62:405-11. [PMID: 23680754 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2013.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2012] [Revised: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 05/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This work evaluated the activity and ultrastructural and morphological alterations induced by the xanthone 1,3,7-trihydroxy-2-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-xanthone (C23) isolated from Kielmeyera coriacea against Trypanosoma cruzi. This xanthone had inhibitory activity against the three forms of this protozoan and did not induce toxicity in mammalian cells. The best activity of this xanthone was against the intracellular amastigote form. Additionally, the mitochondrion was the main target of this compound, reflected by electronic microscopy and rhodamine 123 assays. Our MitoSOX assay results also indicated that C23 increased O2(-) production in mitochondrion. C23 might be a promising chemotherapeutic agent against T. cruzi because its trypanocidal action involves the disruption of mitochondrion, a specific target of Trypanosomatides.
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da Costa JGM, Leite GDO, Dubois AF, Seeger RL, Boligon AA, Athayde ML, Campos AR, da Rocha JBT. Antioxidant effect of Stryphnodendron rotundifolium Martius extracts from Cariri-Ceará State (Brazil): potential involvement in its therapeutic use. Molecules 2012; 17:934-50. [PMID: 22258340 PMCID: PMC6268277 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17010934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2011] [Revised: 12/16/2011] [Accepted: 12/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Stryphnodendron rotundifolium is a phytotherapic used in the northeast of Brazil for the treatment of inflammatory processes which normally are associated with oxidative stress. Consequently, we have tested the antioxidant properties of hydroalcoholic (HAB) and aqueous extracts (AB) from the bark and aqueous extract (AL) from the leaves of Stryphnodendron rotundifolium to determine a possible association between antioxidant activity and the popular use of this plant. Free radical scavenger properties were assessed by the quenching of 1',1'-diphenil-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and the calculated IC(50) were: HAB = 5.4 ± 0.7, AB = 12.0 ± 2.6, and AL = 46.3 ± 12.3 µg/mL. Total phenolic contents were: HAB = 102.7 ± 2.8, AB = 114.4 ± 14.6, and AL = 93.8 ± 9.1 µg/mg plant). HPLC/DAD analyses indicated that gallic acid, catechin, rutin and caffeic acid were the major components of the crude extracts of S. rotundifolium. Plant extracts inhibited Fe(II)-induced lipid peroxidation in brain homogenates. Iron chelation was also investigated and only HBA exhibited a weak activity. Taken together, the results suggest that S. rotundifolium could be considered an effective agent in the prevention of diseases associated with oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Galberto Martins da Costa
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Laboratory of Natural Products, Program of Post-Graduation in Molecular Bioprospection, Regional University of Cariri, Street Cel. Antônio Luiz 1161, Pimenta, 63105-000 Crato-CE, Brazil
| | - Gerlânia de Oliveira Leite
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Laboratory of Natural Products, Program of Post-Graduation in Molecular Bioprospection, Regional University of Cariri, Street Cel. Antônio Luiz 1161, Pimenta, 63105-000 Crato-CE, Brazil
| | - Albys Ferrer Dubois
- National Centre of Applied Electromagnetism, University of Oriente, Avenida de Las Américas, s/n. CP 90900, Santiago de Cuba, Cuba
| | - Rodrigo Lopes Seeger
- Program of Post-Graduation in Biological Sciences-Biochemical Toxicology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Campus Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Aline Augusti Boligon
- Program of Post-Graduation Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Santa Maria, Campus Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Margareth Linde Athayde
- Program of Post-Graduation Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Santa Maria, Campus Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Adriana Rolim Campos
- Vice-Rectory of Research and Post-Graduation, University of Fortaleza, Av. Washington Soares1321, Edson Queiroz, 60811-905, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - João Batista Teixeira da Rocha
- Program of Post-Graduation in Biological Sciences-Biochemical Toxicology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Campus Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; ; Tel.: +55-55-3220-8140
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Ogungbe IV, Singh M, Setzer WN. Antileishmanial Natural Products from Plants. BIOACTIVE NATURAL PRODUCTS 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-53836-9.00027-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Leishmanicidal effect of Spiranthera odoratíssima (Rutaceae) and its isolated alkaloid skimmianine occurs by a nitric oxide dependent mechanism. Parasitology 2011; 138:1224-33. [PMID: 21810308 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182011001168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is one of the neglected diseases. High cost, systemic toxicity, and diminished efficacy due to development of resistance by the parasites has a negative impact on the current treatment options. Thus, the search for a new, effective and safer anti-leishmanial drug becomes of paramount importance. Compounds derived from natural products may be a better and cheaper source in this regard. This study evaluated the in vitro anti-leishmanial activity of Spiranthera odoratíssima (Rutaceae) fractions and isolated compounds, using promastigote and amastigote forms of different Leishmania species. J774 A.1 macrophage was used as the parasite host cell for the in vitro assays. Evaluations of cytoxicity, nitric oxide (NO), interleukin-10 and in silico analysis were carried out. In vitro experiments showed that the fruit hexanic fraction (Fhf) and its alkaloid skimmianine (Skm) have a significant (P<0·001) effect against L. braziliensis. This anti-L. braziliensis activity of Fhf and Skm was due to increased production of NO and attenuation of IL-10 production in the macrophages at concentrations ranging from 1·6 to 40·0 μg/ml. The in silico assay demonstrated significant interaction between Skm and amino acid residues of NOS2. Skm is thus a promising drug candidate for L. braziliensis due to its potent immunomodulatory activity.
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Cytotoxicity of δ-tocotrienols from Kielmeyera coriacea against cancer cell lines. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 19:623-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2010] [Revised: 10/14/2010] [Accepted: 10/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Rodrigues AMS, Theodoro PNET, Eparvier V, Basset C, Silva MRR, Beauchêne J, Espíndola LS, Stien D. Search for antifungal compounds from the wood of durable tropical trees. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2010; 73:1706-1707. [PMID: 20886871 DOI: 10.1021/np1001412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Research on antifungal compounds from the durable wood from French Guiana Amazonian forest trees highlights the correlation between the activity of their extracts against wood-rotting fungi and human pathogens. The fractionation of an ethyl acetate extract of Sextonia rubra wood led to the isolation of rubrenolide (1) and rubrynolide (2). The potential of compounds 1 and 2 is described through the evaluation of their activity against 16 pathogenic fungi and their cytotoxicity toward NIH-3T3 mammalian fibroblast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice M S Rodrigues
- CNRS, UMR ECOFOG, Université des Antilles et de la Guyane, 97300 Cayenne, France
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