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Naidu G, Tripathi DK, Nagar N, Mishra A, Poluri KM. Targeting chemokine-receptor mediated molecular signaling by ethnopharmacological approaches. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 325:117837. [PMID: 38310985 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Infection and inflammation are critical to global human health status and the goal of current pharmacological interventions intends formulating medications/preventives as a measure to deal with this situation. Chemokines and their cognate receptors are major regulatory molecules in many of these ailments. Natural products have been a keen source to the drug development industry, every year contributing significantly to the growing list of FDA approved drugs. A multiverse of natural resource is employed as a part of curative regimen in folk/traditional/ethnomedicine which can be employed to discover, repurpose, and design potent medications for the diseases of clinical concern. AIM OF THE STUDY This review aims to systematically document the ethnopharmacologically active agents targeting the infectious-inflammatory diseases through the chemokine-receptor nexus. MATERIALS AND METHODS Articles related to chemokine/receptor modulating ethnopharmacological anti-inflammatory, anti-infectious natural sources, bioactive compounds, and formulations have been examined with special emphasis on women related diseases. The available literature has been thoroughly scrutinized for the application of traditional medicines in chemokine associated experimental methods, their regulatory outcomes, and pertinence to women's health wherever applicable. Moreover, the potential traditional regimens under clinical trials have been critically assessed. RESULTS A systematic and comprehensive review on the chemokine-receptor targeting ethnopharmaceutics from the available literature has been provided. The article discusses the implication of traditional medicine in the chemokine system dynamics in diverse infectious-inflammatory disorders such as cardiovascular diseases, allergic diseases, inflammatory diseases, neuroinflammation, and cancer. On this note, critical evaluation of the available data surfaced multiple diseases prevalent in women such as osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, breast cancer, cervical cancer and urinary tract infection. Currently there is no available literature highlighting chemokine-receptor targeting using traditional medicinal approach from women's health perspective. Moreover, despite being potent in vitro and in vivo setups there remains a gap in clinical translation of these formulations, which needs to be strategically and scientifically addressed to pave the way for their successful industrial translation. CONCLUSIONS The review provides an optimistic global perspective towards the applicability of ethnopharmacology in chemokine-receptor regulated infectious and inflammatory diseases with special emphasis on ailments prevalent in women, consecutively addressing their current status of clinical translation and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goutami Naidu
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Deepak Kumar Tripathi
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Nupur Nagar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Amit Mishra
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, 342011, Rajasthan, India
| | - Krishna Mohan Poluri
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India; Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India.
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Gu K, Feng S, Zhang X, Peng Y, Sun P, Liu W, Wu Y, Yu Y, Liu X, Liu X, Deng G, Zheng J, Li B, Zhao L. Deciphering the antifungal mechanism and functional components of cinnamomum cassia essential oil against Candida albicans through integration of network-based metabolomics and pharmacology, the greedy algorithm, and molecular docking. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117156. [PMID: 37729978 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Fungal pathogens can cause deadly invasive infections and have become a major global public health challenge. There is an urgent need to find new treatment options beyond established antifungal agents, as well as new drug targets that can be used to develop novel antifungal agents. Cinnamomum cassia is a tropical aromatic plant that has a wide range of applications in traditional Chinese medicine, especially in the treatment of bacterial and fungal infections. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study aimed to explore the mechanism of action and functional components of Cinnamomum cassia essential oil (CEO) against Candida albicans using an integrated strategy combining network-based metabolomics and pharmacology, the greedy algorithm and molecular docking. MATERIALS AND METHODS CEO was extracted using hydrodistillation and its chemical composition was identified by GC-MS. Cluster analysis was performed on the compositions of 19 other CEOs from the published literature, as well as the sample obtained in this study. The damages of C. albicans cells upon treatment with CEO was observed using a scanning electron microscope. The mechanisms of its antifungal effect at a subinhibitory concentration of 0.1 × MIC were determined using microbial metabolomics and network analysis. The functional components were studied using the greedy algorithm and molecular docking. RESULTS A total of 69 compounds were identified in the chemical analysis of CEO, which accounted for 90% of the sample. The major compounds were terpenoids (34.04%), aromatic compounds (4.52%), aliphatic compounds (0.9%), and others. Hierarchical cluster analysis of the compositions of 20 essential oils extracted from Cinnamomum cassia grown in different geographical locations showed a wide diversity of chemical composition with four major chemotypes. CEO showed strong antifungal activity and caused destruction of cell membranes in a concentration-dependent way. Metabolic fingerprint analysis identified 29 metabolites associated with lipid metabolism, which were mapped to 23 core targets mainly involved in fatty acid biosynthesis and metabolism. Six antifungal functional components of CEO were identified through network construction, greedy algorithm and molecular docking, including trans-cinnamaldehyde, δ-cadinol, ethylcinnamate, safrole, trans-anethole, and trans-cinnamyl acetate, which showed excellent binding with specific targets of AKR1B1, PPARG, BCHE, CYP19A1, CYP2C19, QPCT, and CYP51A1. CONCLUSIONS This study provides a systematic understanding of the antifungal activity of CEO and offers an integrated strategy for deciphering the potential metabolism and material foundation of complex component drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keru Gu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Shengyi Feng
- Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Yuanyuan Peng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Peipei Sun
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Wenchi Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Yi Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Yun Yu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Xijian Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Guoying Deng
- Trauma Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Jun Zheng
- Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China.
| | - Bo Li
- Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China.
| | - Linjing Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, China.
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Lee JW, Kim EN, Jeong GS. Anti-Inflammatory Herbal Extracts and Their Drug Discovery Perspective in Atopic Dermatitis. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2024; 32:25-37. [PMID: 38148551 PMCID: PMC10762282 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2023.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an allergic disorder characterized by skin inflammation. It is well known that the activation of various inflammatory cells and the generation of inflammatory molecules are closely linked to the development of AD. There is accumulating evidence demonstrating the beneficial effects of herbal extracts (HEs) on the regulation of inflammatory response in both in vitro and in vivo studies of AD. This review summarizes the anti-atopic effects of HEs and its associated underlying mechanisms, with a brief introduction of in vitro and in vivo experiment models of AD based on previous and recent studies. Thus, this review confirms the utility of HEs for AD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Won Lee
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Nam Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Gil-Saeng Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
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Varshney M, Bahadur S. Comprehensive Review on Phytoconstituents-based Nanomedicine for the Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2024; 25:737-756. [PMID: 37888809 DOI: 10.2174/0113892010245092230922180341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is known as a chronic disease characterized by eczematous and pruritus skin lesions. The pathology behind atopic dermatitis etiology is loss of epidermal barrier, which prevents the production of protein filaggrin that can induce T-cell infiltration and inflammation. Treatment of AD is majorly based on limiting skin repair as well as reducing inflammation and itching. There are several remedies available for the treatment of AD, such as Janus kinase and calcineurin inhibitors, topical corticosteroids, and phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors. The conventional formulations in the market have limited safety and efficacy. Hence, effective treatment of atopic dermatitis requires the development of novel, efficacious, reliable, and specific therapies. Recent research data have revealed that some naturally occurring medicinal plants have potential applications in the management of AD through different mechanisms. The nanotechnology-based therapeutics have gained a lot of attention in the last decade for the improvement in the activity of drugs having low absorption due to poor solubility, thus leading to lesser bioavailability. Therapies based on nanotechnology can be an effective way to overcome these obstacles. Due to their effective propensity to provide better drug diffusion and bioavailability as well as drug targeting potential at the desired site of action, these approaches may have decreased adverse drug effects, better penetration, and enhanced therapeutic efficacy. Hence, this review highlights the potential of phytoconstituents-based novel formulations for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. Furthermore, recent patents on therapeutic approaches to atopic dermatitis have also been briefly described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayuri Varshney
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, 281406, U.P. India
| | - Shiv Bahadur
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, 281406, U.P. India
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Lee G, Park J, Lee H, Kim KS, Park JH, Kyung SY, Kim HS, Yang HO, Jung BH. Anti-inflammatory effect and metabolic mechanism of BS012, a mixture of Asarum sieboldii, Platycodon grandiflorum, and Cinnamomum cassia extracts, on atopic dermatitis in vivo and in vitro. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 115:154818. [PMID: 37187105 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, relapsing skin disease accompanied by itchy and dry skin. AD is caused by complex interactions between innate and adaptive immune response. AD treatment include glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants. However, long-term treatment can have serious side effects. Thus, an effective AD treatment with fewer side effects is required. Natural materials, including herbal medicines, have potential applications. PURPOSE This study evaluated the in vivo and in vitro therapeutic effects of BS012, a mixture of Asarum sieboldii, Platycodon grandiflorum, and Cinnamomum cassia extracts, on AD and investigated the underlying metabolic mechanisms. METHODS The anti-inflammatory effects of BS012 were assessed using a mouse model of AD induced by 1‑chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNCB) and in tumor necrosis factor-alpha/interferon-gamma (TNF-α/IFN-γ) stimulated normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs). In DNCB-induced mice, total dermatitis score, histopathological analysis, and immune cell factors were assessed to evaluate the anti-atopic activity. In TNF-α/IFN-γ-stimulated NHEKs, pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and related signaling pathways were investigated. Serum and intracellular metabolomics were performed to identify the metabolic mechanism underlying the therapeutic effects of BS012 treatment. RESULTS In DNCB-induced mice, BS012 showed potent anti-atopic activity, including reducing AD-like skin lesions and inhibiting the expression of Th2 cytokines and thymic stromal lymphopoietin. In TNF-α/IFN-γ-stimulated keratinocytes, BS012 dose-dependently inhibited the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines by blocking nuclear factor-kappa B and signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling pathways. Serum metabolic profiles of mice revealed significant changes in lipid metabolism related to inflammation in AD. Intracellular metabolome analysis revealed that BS012 treatment affected the metabolism associated with inflammation, skin barrier function, and lipid organization of the stratum corneum. CONCLUSION BS012 exerts anti-atopic activity by reducing the Th2-specific inflammatory response and improving skin barrier function in AD in vivo and in vitro. These effects are mainly related to the inhibition of inflammation and recovery of metabolic imbalance in lipid organization. BS012, a novel combination with strong activity in suppressing the Th2-immune response, could be a potential alternative for AD treatment. Furthermore, the metabolic mechanism in vivo and in vitro using a metabolomics approach will provide crucial information for the development of natural products for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gakyung Lee
- Center for Advanced Biomolecular Recognition, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, South Korea; Department of Integrative Biological Sciences and Industry, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, South Korea; Convergence Research Center for Natural Products, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, South Korea
| | - Jinyoung Park
- Center for Advanced Biomolecular Recognition, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, South Korea; Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST-School, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul 02792, South Korea
| | - Hyunbeom Lee
- Center for Advanced Biomolecular Recognition, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, South Korea
| | - Kyeong Seok Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Jae Hyeon Park
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - So Young Kyung
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Hyung Sik Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Hyun Ok Yang
- Department of Integrative Biological Sciences and Industry, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, South Korea; Convergence Research Center for Natural Products, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, South Korea.
| | - Byung Hwa Jung
- Center for Advanced Biomolecular Recognition, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, South Korea; Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST-School, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul 02792, South Korea.
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Chen P, Zhou J, Ruan A, Zeng L, Liu J, Wang Q. Cinnamic Aldehyde, the main monomer component of Cinnamon, exhibits anti-inflammatory property in OA synovial fibroblasts via TLR4/MyD88 pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 26:913-924. [PMID: 34964259 PMCID: PMC8817122 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cinnamon is a wildly used traditional Chinese herbal medicine for osteoarthritis (OA) treatment, but the underlying mechanism remains ambiguous. The purpose of this study is to explore the mechanism of cinnamic aldehyde (CA), a bioactive substance extracted from Cinnamon, on synovial inflammation in OA. A total of 144 CA-OA co-targeted genes were identified by detect databases (PubChem, HIT, TCMSP, TTD, DrugBank and GeneCards). The results of GO enrichment analysis indicated that these co-targeted genes have participated in many biological processes including 'inflammatory response', 'cellular response to lipopolysaccharide', 'response to drug', 'immune response', 'lipopolysaccharide-mediated signalling pathway', etc. KEGG pathway analysis showed these co-targeted genes were mainly enriched in 'Toll-like receptor signalling pathway', 'TNF signalling pathway', 'NF-kappa B signalling pathway', etc. Molecular docking demonstrated that CA could successfully bind to TLR2 and TLR4. The results of in vitro experiments showed no potential toxicity of 10, 20 and 50 μM/L CA on human OA FLS, and CA can significantly inhibit the inflammation in LPS-induced human FLS. Further experimental mechanism evidence confirmed CA can inhibited the inflammation in LPS-induced human OA FLS via blocking the TLR4/MyD88 signalling pathway. Our results demonstrated that CA exhibited strong anti-inflammation effect in OA FLS through blocking the activation of TLR4/MyD88 signalling pathway, suggesting its potential as a hopeful candidate for the development of novel agents for the treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (The 2nd Affiliated Hospital), Guangzhou, China.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Anmin Ruan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Beijing Longfu Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lingfeng Zeng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (The 2nd Affiliated Hospital), Guangzhou, China.,Bone and Joint Research Team of Degeneration and Injury, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Bone and Joint Research Team of Degeneration and Injury, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Second Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital (Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingfu Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China
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Vahdat-Lasemi F, Aghaee-Bakhtiari SH, Tasbandi A, Jaafari MR, Sahebkar A. Targeting interleukin-β by plant-derived natural products: Implications for the treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Phytother Res 2021; 35:5596-5622. [PMID: 34390063 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is the main contributing factor to atheroma formation in atherosclerosis. Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) is an inflammatory mediator found in endothelial cells and resident leukocytes. Canakinumab is a selective monoclonal antibody against IL-1β which attenuates inflammation and concurrently precipitates fatal infections and sepsis. Natural products derived from medicinal plants, herbal remedy and functional foods are widely used nowadays. Experimental and clinical trial evidence supports that some natural products such as curcumin, resveratrol, and quercetin have potential effects on IL-1β suppression. In this review, we tried to document findings that used medicinal plants and plant-based natural products for treating atherosclerosis and its related diseases through the suppression of IL-1β.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Vahdat-Lasemi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Aida Tasbandi
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Reza Jaafari
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
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8
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Yang T, Huang X, Xu J, Situ M, Xiao Q, Kural KC, Kang Y. Explore the Underlying Mechanism Between Atopic Dermatitis and Major Depressive Disorder. Front Genet 2021; 12:640951. [PMID: 34122503 PMCID: PMC8194260 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.640951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) present relatively higher rates of major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the underlying mechanism is largely unknown. Here, we first conducted a systematic literature-based data mining to identify entities linking AD and MDD, including proteins, cells, functional classes, and small molecules. Then we conducted an AD-RNA expression data-based mega-analysis to test the expression variance of the genes that were regulators of MDD. After that, a Fisher Exact test-based pathway enrichment analysis (PEA) was performed to explore the AD-driven MDD-genetic regulators’ functionality. We identified 22 AD-driven entities that were up-stream MDD regulators, including 11 genes, seven small molecules, three functional classes, and one cell. AD could exert a promoting effect on the development of MDD. Four of the 11 genes demonstrated significant expression changes in AD patients in favor of the development of MDD. PEA results showed that AD mainly drives cytokine/chemokine regulation and neuroinflammatory response-related pathways to influence the pathological development of MDD. Our results supported the promotion role of AD in the pathological development of MDD, including the regulation of multiple genetic regulators of MDD involved in cytokine/chemokine regulation and inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yang
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuehua Huang
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiajun Xu
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingjing Situ
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingqing Xiao
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kamil Can Kural
- School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, United States
| | - Yan Kang
- Human Biochemical Genetics Section, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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Chang SW, Lee JS, Lee JH, Kim JY, Hong J, Kim SK, Lee D, Jang DS. Aromatic and Aliphatic Apiuronides from the Bark of Cinnamomum cassia. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2021; 84:553-561. [PMID: 33684292 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c01062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cinnamomum cassia Presl (Cinnamon) has been widely cultivated in the tropical or subtropical areas, such as Yunnan, Fujian, Guandong, and Hainan in China, as well as India, Vietnam, Thailand, and Malaysia. Four new glycosides bearing apiuronic acid (1, 4, 6, and 7) and their sodium or potassium salts (2, 3, and 5), together with 31 known compounds, were isolated from a hot water extract of the bark of C. cassia via repeated chromatography. The structures of the new compounds (1-7) were determined by NMR, IR, MS, and ICP-AES data and by acid hydrolysis and sugar analysis. This is the first report of the presence of apiuronic acid glycosides. Some of the isolates were evaluated for their analgesic effects on a neuropathic pain animal model induced by paclitaxel. Cinnzeylanol (8), cinnacaside (9), kelampayoside A (10), and syringaresinol (11) showed analgesic effects against paclitaxel-induced cold allodynia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suk Woo Chang
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Su Lee
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hwan Lee
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Young Kim
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongki Hong
- College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Kwang Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongho Lee
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Sik Jang
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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10
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Mandlik DS, Mandlik SK. Atopic dermatitis: new insight into the etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and novel treatment strategies. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2021; 43:105-125. [PMID: 33645388 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2021.1889583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the long-lasting chronic inflammatory skin condition associated with cutaneous hyper-reactivity and triggered by environmental factors. The attributes of AD include dry skin, pruritus, lichenification and frequent eczematous abrasions. This has a strong heritable aspect and typically occurs with asthma and allergic rhinitis. The complex pathological mechanism behind AD etiology is epidermal barrier destruction resulting in the lack of filaggrin protein that can induce inflammation and T-cell infiltration. T-helper 2 cell-mediated pathways also bear the responsibility of damage to the epidermal barrier. Certain causative factors for AD include microbial imbalance of skin microbiota, immunoglobulin-E-induced sensitization and neuro-inflammation. Numerous beneficial topical and oral treatments have been available to patients and there are even more drugs in the pipeline for the treatment of AD. Topical moisturizers, corticosteroids, anti-inflammatory agents such as calcineurin inhibitors, phototherapy, cAMP-specific 3, 5 half-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors and systemic immunosuppressants are widely available for AD treatments. Different positions and pathways inside the immune system including JAK-STAT, phosphodiesterase 4, aryl hydrocarbon receptor and T-helper 2 cytokines are targeted by above-mentioned drug treatments. Instead of the severe side effects of topical steroids and oral antihistamines, herbal plants and their derived phytoconstituents are commonly used for the treatment of AD. A clear understanding of AD's cellular and molecular pathogenesis through substantial advancement in genetics, skin immunology and psychological factors resulted in advancement of AD management. Therefore, the review highlights the recent advancements in the understanding of clinical features, etiology, pathogenesis, treatment and management and non-adherence to AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepa S Mandlik
- Bharat Vidyapeeth, Deemed to be University, Poona College of Pharmacy, Pune, India
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Kumar P, Sharma DK, Ashawat MS. Traditional Herbal Medicines, Newer Herbs and Other Novel Approaches Integrated in Herbal Medicine for Atopic Dermatitis-A Narrative Review. CURRENT DRUG THERAPY 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1574885514666191018165209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Atopic Dermatitis (AD) is a prolonged reverting skin ailment with characteristically distributed
skin lesions. In the previous decades, researchers had shown a marked interest in AD due to
its increased prevalence in developed countries. Although different strategies including biological
and immune modulators are available for the treatment of AD, each has certain limitations. The
researchers had shown considerable interest in the management of AD with herbal medicines. The
establishment of herbal drugs for AD might eliminate local as well as systemic adverse effects associated
with long term use of corticosteroids and also higher cost of therapy with biological drugs.
The present review discusses the traditional East Asian herbal medicines and scientific data related
to newer herbal extracts or compositions for the treatment of AD. In vivo animal models and in
vitro cell cultures, investigated with herbal medicines to establish a possible role in AD treatment,
have also been discussed in the paper. The paper also highlights the role of certain new approaches,
i.e. pharmacopuncture, a combination of allopathic and herbal medicines; and novel carriers
(liposomes, cubosomes) for herbal drugs on atopic skin. In conclusion, herbal medicines can be a
better and safe, complementary and alternative treatment option for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravin Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Laureate Institute of Pharmacy, VPO-Kathog, Kangra, H.P, 176031, India
| | | | - Mahendra Singh Ashawat
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Laureate Institute of Pharmacy, VPO-Kathog, Kangra, H.P, 176031, India
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Chen P, Ruan A, Zhou J, Huang L, Zhang X, Ma Y, Wang Q. Cinnamic Aldehyde Inhibits Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Chondrocyte Inflammation and Reduces Cartilage Degeneration by Blocking the Nuclear Factor-Kappa B Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:949. [PMID: 32848721 PMCID: PMC7419651 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), as one of the top 10 causes of physical disability, is characterized by inflammation of the synovial membrane and progressive destruction of the articular cartilage. Cinnamic aldehyde (CA), an α,β-unsaturated aldehyde extracted from the traditional Chinese herbal medicine cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum J.Presl), has been reported to have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. However, the anti-inflammatory effect of CA on OA remains unclear. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of CA on inflammation, and cartilage degeneration in OA. A CCK-8 assay was performed to assess the potential toxicity of CA on cultured human OA chondrocytes. Following treatment with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and CA, the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alfa (TNF-α), was evaluated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and Western blotting (WB). The production of matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) and a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 5 (ADAMTS-5) was also examined using RT-qPCR and WB. Furthermore, to investigate the potential anti-inflammatory mechanism of CA, biomarkers of the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) pathway (p65, IKB-α) were detected using WB. The results demonstrated that CA significantly inhibited the expressions of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, MMP-13, and ADAMTS-5 in LPS-induced OA chondrocytes. CA dramatically suppressed LPS-stimulated NF-κB activation. Collectively, these results suggest that CA treatment may effectively prevent OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Chen
- Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Anmin Ruan
- Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Liuwei Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaozhe Zhang
- Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yufeng Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - QingFu Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China
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Cho G, Park HM, Jung WM, Cha WS, Lee D, Chae Y. Identification of candidate medicinal herbs for skincare via data mining of the classic Donguibogam text on Korean medicine. Integr Med Res 2020; 9:100436. [PMID: 32742921 PMCID: PMC7388188 DOI: 10.1016/j.imr.2020.100436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Korean cosmetics are widely exported throughout Asia. Cosmetics exploiting traditional Korean medicine lead this trend; thus, the traditional medicinal literature has been invaluable in terms of cosmetic development. We sought candidate medicinal herbs for skincare. Methods We used data mining to investigate associations between medicinal herbs and skin-related keywords (SRKs) in a classical text. We selected 26 SRKs used in the Donguibogam text; these referred to 626 medicinal herbs. Using a term frequency-inverse document frequency approach, we extracted data on herbal characteristics by assessing the co-occurrence frequencies of 52 medicinal herbs and the 26 SRKs. Results We extracted the characteristics of the 52 herbs, each of which exhibited a distinct skin-related action profile. For example Ginseng Radix was associated at a high-level with tonification and anti-aging, but Rehmanniae Radix exhibited a stronger association with anti-aging. Of the 52 herbs, 46 had been subjected to at least one modern study on skincare-related efficacy. Conclusions We made a comprehensive list of candidate medicinal herbs for skincare via data mining a classical medical text. This enhances our understanding of such herbs and will help with discovering new candidate herbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayoung Cho
- Department of Medical History, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Amore Pacific Research and Development Center, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Min Park
- Amore Pacific Research and Development Center, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Mo Jung
- Acupuncture & Meridian Science Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woong-Seok Cha
- Department of Medical History, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghun Lee
- Department of Herbal Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Younbyoung Chae
- Acupuncture & Meridian Science Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Jin SE, Ha H, Yoo SR, Jeon WY, Lee N, Lee MY, Choi S, Jang JH, Park E, Kim S, Seo CS. Topical Application of A New Herbal Complex, NI-01, Ameliorates House Dust Mite-Induced Atopic Dermatitis in NC/Nga Mice. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12051240. [PMID: 32349329 PMCID: PMC7284439 DOI: 10.3390/nu12051240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by pruritus and cutaneous dry skin. Here, we investigated whether topical application of NI-01 composed of six herbal medicines has a therapeutic effect on AD in vivo. Twelve marker compounds of NI-01 were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography with a photodiode array detector for quality control. To induce AD, house dust mite extract was applied to the shaved dorsal skin and ear surfaces of NC/Nga mice twice a week for 6 weeks. NI-01 (1, 2, or 4 mg/mouse) was applied daily to the site for experiment periods. The coefficient of determination of each compound showed good linearity (≥ 0.9999). The recovery rate of the 12 marker components was 96.77%–105.17%; intra and interday precision and repeatability were ≤ 1.40%. Topical application of NI-01 reduced house dust mite induced AD symptoms. The increased expressions of interleukin-4 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 caused by house dust mites were markedly suppressed in NI-01-treated mice. Corticosterone levels significantly decreased, whereas serotonin levels increased with NI-01 application. These results suggest that NI-01 alleviates AD symptoms by inhibiting infiltration of inflammatory cells, thereby decreasing AD-related stress. NI-01 could be beneficial for the treatment of AD-like skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Eun Jin
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Korea; (S.E.J.); (H.H.); (S.-R.Y.); (W.-Y.J.); (N.L.); (M.-Y.L.); (S.C.); (J.-H.J.); (E.P.)
| | - Hyekyung Ha
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Korea; (S.E.J.); (H.H.); (S.-R.Y.); (W.-Y.J.); (N.L.); (M.-Y.L.); (S.C.); (J.-H.J.); (E.P.)
| | - Sae-Rom Yoo
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Korea; (S.E.J.); (H.H.); (S.-R.Y.); (W.-Y.J.); (N.L.); (M.-Y.L.); (S.C.); (J.-H.J.); (E.P.)
| | - Woo-Young Jeon
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Korea; (S.E.J.); (H.H.); (S.-R.Y.); (W.-Y.J.); (N.L.); (M.-Y.L.); (S.C.); (J.-H.J.); (E.P.)
| | - Nari Lee
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Korea; (S.E.J.); (H.H.); (S.-R.Y.); (W.-Y.J.); (N.L.); (M.-Y.L.); (S.C.); (J.-H.J.); (E.P.)
| | - Mee-Young Lee
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Korea; (S.E.J.); (H.H.); (S.-R.Y.); (W.-Y.J.); (N.L.); (M.-Y.L.); (S.C.); (J.-H.J.); (E.P.)
| | - Susanna Choi
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Korea; (S.E.J.); (H.H.); (S.-R.Y.); (W.-Y.J.); (N.L.); (M.-Y.L.); (S.C.); (J.-H.J.); (E.P.)
| | - Ji-Hye Jang
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Korea; (S.E.J.); (H.H.); (S.-R.Y.); (W.-Y.J.); (N.L.); (M.-Y.L.); (S.C.); (J.-H.J.); (E.P.)
| | - Eunsook Park
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Korea; (S.E.J.); (H.H.); (S.-R.Y.); (W.-Y.J.); (N.L.); (M.-Y.L.); (S.C.); (J.-H.J.); (E.P.)
| | - Sukkyoung Kim
- YM Bio, 397 Seokcheonro, Buchon, Gyeonggi-do 14449, Korea;
| | - Chang-Seob Seo
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Korea; (S.E.J.); (H.H.); (S.-R.Y.); (W.-Y.J.); (N.L.); (M.-Y.L.); (S.C.); (J.-H.J.); (E.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-42-868-9361
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Yan F, Li F, Liu J, Ye S, Zhang Y, Jia J, Li H, Chen D, Mo X. The formulae and biologically active ingredients of Chinese herbal medicines for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 127:110142. [PMID: 32330795 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common relapsing inflammatory skin disease characterized by severe pruritus that seriously affects the quality of patients' life. There is an increasingly large amount of research demonstrating that traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) including herbal formulae and bioactive ingredients exerts pharmacological effects on atopic dermatitis. It has been a long history of TCM being used to treat atopic dermatitis, especially in preventing disease recurrence, maintaining long-term remission, and reducing disease burden. Nowadays, both of TCM monomer preparations and traditional formulae are still widely used. This review focuses on TCM as well as its bioactive ingredients for the treatment of AD, from the perspectives of animal model construction, pharmacodynamic mechanisms and clinical studies of formulae. To be more specific, the regulation and molecular mechanisms of the herbal formulae and bioactive ingredients of TCM are investigated, and the latest clinical research on TCM formulae is discussed. Furthermore, it provides a summary of the strengths and utilities of TCM, and will be useful for doctors who use Chinese medicine for treatment or researchers who select candidates for clinical treatments or further high-quality clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenggen Yan
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Junfeng Liu
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Siqi Ye
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jinjing Jia
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Hongyi Li
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Dacan Chen
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Xiumei Mo
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.
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Lee BC, Kim JJ, Lee JY, Kang I, Shin N, Lee SE, Choi SW, Cho JY, Kim HS, Kang KS. Disease-specific primed human adult stem cells effectively ameliorate experimental atopic dermatitis in mice. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:3608-3621. [PMID: 31281501 PMCID: PMC6587175 DOI: 10.7150/thno.32945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Although human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) hold considerable promise as an alternative therapeutic reagent for allergic disorders including atopic dermatitis (AD), the strategy for enhancing hMSC-based therapy remains challenging. We sought to investigate whether preconditioning with mast cell (MC) granules could enhance the therapeutic efficiency of human umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs (hUCB-MSCs) against AD. Methods: AD was experimentally induced in NC/Nga mice by repeated applications of 4% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and dermatophagoides farinae (Df) extract, and preconditioned hUCB-MSCs were subcutaneously injected. The therapeutic effect was determined by gross examination and additional ex vivo experiments performed using blood and skin samples to determine the resolution of allergic inflammation. To explore the underlying mechanisms, several co-culture assays with primary isolated immune cells and wound closure assays were conducted. Results: Pretreatment of MC granules enhanced the therapeutic effects of hUCB-MSCs by attenuating the symptoms of AD in an experimental animal model. MC granule-primed cells suppressed the activation of major disease-inducing cells, MCs and B lymphocytes more efficiently than naïve cells both in vitro and in vivo. Histamine-mediated upregulation of the COX-2 signaling pathway was shown to play a crucial role in suppression of the allergic immune response by MC-pretreated hUCB-MSCs. Moreover, MC pretreatment improved the wound healing ability of hUCB-MSCs. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that pre-exposure to MC granules improved the therapeutic effect of hUCB-MSCs on experimental AD by resolving the allergic immune reaction and accelerating the tissue regeneration process more efficiently than naïve cells, suggesting a potential enhancement strategy for stem cell-based therapy.
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Mechesso AF, Lee SJ, Park NH, Kim JY, Im ZE, Suh JW, Park SC. Preventive effects of a novel herbal mixture on atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in BALB/C mice. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 19:25. [PMID: 30658631 PMCID: PMC6339437 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2426-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A combination of parts of Cornus officinalis, Rosa multiflora, Lespedeza bicolor, Platycladus orientalis, and Castanea crenata is commonly used for alleviating inflammatory skin disorders. Therefore, this study was carried out to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo preventive effects of a novel herbal formula made from the five plants (C2RLP) against atopic dermatitis in BALB/C mice. METHODS Mice were allocated into five groups (n = 8) including, control (Normal, petrolatum, and betamethasone treated) and treatment groups (treated with 2.5 and 5% C2RLP ointment). Atopic lesion was induced by applying 1-Chloro-2, 4-dinitrobenzene to the dorsal thoracic area of mice. Macroscopical and histological evaluations were performed to determine the effects of treatment on the progress of the skin lesions. The effects of treatment on the production and release of interleukins, interferon -ϒ, nitrite, prostaglandin E2, thymus and activation-receptor chemokine, and β-hexosaminidase were evaluated and comparisons were made between groups. In addition, the chemical compounds present in C2RLP were identified by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. RESULTS Topical application of C2RLP reduced the dermatitis score and suppressed histopathological changes in mice. Treatment significantly reduced (P < 0.05) plasma IL-4 level, the production of nitrite, prostaglandin E2, and thymus and activation-receptor chemokine production. The lipopolysaccharide-induced iNOS-mRNA expression in RAW 264.7 cells was also suppressed by high concentrations of C2RLP. In addition, C2RLP showed an inhibitory effect against DPPH free radical (IC50 = 147.5 μg/ml) and β-hexosaminidase release (IC50 = 179.5 μg/ml). Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry analysis revealed the presence of various compounds, including loganin, ellagic acid, and kaempferol 3-glucoside. CONCLUSION Down-regulation of T- helper 2 cellular responses and suppression of inflammatory mediators contributed to the protective effects of C2RLP from atopic dermatitis in BALB/C mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abraham Fikru Mechesso
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics (LVPP), College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 41566, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Jin Lee
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics (LVPP), College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 41566, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Hye Park
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics (LVPP), College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 41566, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Yoon Kim
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics (LVPP), College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 41566, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Zi-Eum Im
- Forest Resources Development Institute of Gyeongsangbuk-do, Andong, Gyeongsangbuk-do 36605 Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Won Suh
- Center for Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Materials, Division of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Science campus, Myongji University, 449-728 Yongin, Gyeonggi Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Chun Park
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics (LVPP), College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 41566, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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Weng SJ, Yan DY, Tang JH, Shen ZJ, Wu ZY, Xie ZJ, Yang JY, Bai BL, Chen L, Boodhun V, Yang L, Da (Eric) Dong X, Yang L. Combined treatment with Cinnamaldehyde and β-TCP had an additive effect on bone formation and angiogenesis in critical size calvarial defect in ovariectomized rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 109:573-581. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 10/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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Chung J, Kim S, Lee HA, Park MH, Kim S, Song YR, Na HS. Trans-cinnamic aldehyde inhibitsAggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans-induced inflammation in THP-1-derived macrophages via autophagy activation. J Periodontol 2018; 89:1262-1271. [DOI: 10.1002/jper.17-0727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Chung
- Department of Oral Microbiology; School of Dentistry; Pusan National University; Yangsan South Korea
| | - Sumi Kim
- Department of Oral Microbiology; School of Dentistry; Pusan National University; Yangsan South Korea
| | - Hyun Ah Lee
- Department of Oral Microbiology; School of Dentistry; Pusan National University; Yangsan South Korea
| | - Mi Hee Park
- Department of Oral Microbiology; School of Dentistry; Pusan National University; Yangsan South Korea
| | - Seyeon Kim
- Department of Oral Microbiology; School of Dentistry; Pusan National University; Yangsan South Korea
| | - Yu Ri Song
- Department of Oral Microbiology; School of Dentistry; Pusan National University; Yangsan South Korea
| | - Hee Sam Na
- Department of Oral Microbiology; School of Dentistry; Pusan National University; Yangsan South Korea
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Liu X, Fu J, Yao XJ, Yang J, Liu L, Xie TG, Jiang PC, Jiang ZH, Zhu GY. Phenolic Constituents Isolated from the Twigs of Cinnamomum cassia and Their Potential Neuroprotective Effects. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2018; 81:1333-1342. [PMID: 29883114 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.7b00924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Seven new α,β-diphenyl-γ-butyrolactones (1-7), three new lignans (8-10), five new neolignans (11-15), two new 1,3-biphenylpropanoids (16 and 17), and a new flavonol galactoside-lignan ester (18), together with 43 known compounds (19-61), were isolated from the twigs of Cinnamomum cassia. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data analysis as well as chemical methods. The α,β-diphenyl-γ-butyrolactones are a class of unique natural compounds that have only been isolated from C. cassia. Compounds 11 and 12 are rare examples of neolignans possessing a 1,2-dioxetane moiety. Compound 13 is a new oxyneolignan possessing a unique C-9-O-C-9' linkage between the benzopyran and cinnamyl alcohol moieties. Compound 15 is the first example of a natural neolignan possessing a 2-styryl-3-phenyltetrahydrofuran skeleton. The isolated compounds were evaluated for their neuroprotective activities against tunicamycin-induced cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells. Compounds 3, 5, 10, 11, 12, 20, 36, and 56 showed statistically significant neuroprotective activity with EC50 values ranging between 21 and 75 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health , Macau University of Science and Technology , Macau , People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health , Macau University of Science and Technology , Macau , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Jun Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health , Macau University of Science and Technology , Macau , People's Republic of China
| | - Ji Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health , Macau University of Science and Technology , Macau , People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health , Macau University of Science and Technology , Macau , People's Republic of China
| | - Tang-Gui Xie
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality Standards , Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science , Nanning 530022 , People's Republic of China
| | - Ping-Chuan Jiang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality Standards , Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science , Nanning 530022 , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Hong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health , Macau University of Science and Technology , Macau , People's Republic of China
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou 510006 , People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Yuan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health , Macau University of Science and Technology , Macau , People's Republic of China
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Shishehbor F, Rezaeyan Safar M, Rajaei E, Haghighizadeh MH. Cinnamon Consumption Improves Clinical Symptoms and Inflammatory Markers in Women With Rheumatoid Arthritis. J Am Coll Nutr 2018; 37:1-6. [PMID: 29722610 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2018.1460733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the effect of cinnamon on disease activity, serum levels of some inflammatory markers, and cardiovascular risk factors in women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS In this randomized double-blind clinical trial, 36 women with RA were randomly divided to 2 groups, receiving 4 capsules of either 500 mg cinnamon powder or placebo daily for 8 weeks. Fasting blood sugar (FBS), lipid profile, liver enzymes, serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), blood pressure, and clinical symptoms were determined at baseline and end of the week 8. RESULTS At the end of the study, there was a significant decrease of serum levels of CRP (p < 0.001) and TNF-α (p < 0.001) in the cinnamon group as compared to the placebo group. Diastolic blood pressure was also significantly lower in the intervention group compared with the control group (p = 0.017). Compared with placebo, cinnamon intake significantly reduced the Disease Activity Score (DAS-28) (p < 0.001), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) (p < 0.001), and tender (TJC) (p < 0.001) and swollen joints (SJC) (p < 0.001) counts. No significant changes were observed for FBS, lipid profile, liver enzymes, or ESR. CONCLUSION Cinnamon supplementation can be a safe and potential adjunct treatment to improve inflammation and clinical symptoms in patients with RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farideh Shishehbor
- a Nutrition and Metabolic Disease Research Center, School of Para-Medicine , Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences , Ahvaz , Iran
| | - Mahnaz Rezaeyan Safar
- b Student of Nutrition Sciences, Health Institute, Diabetes Research Center , Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences , Ahvaz , Iran
| | - Elham Rajaei
- c Golestan Hospital Research Development Unit , Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences , Ahvaz , Iran
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Park GH, Song HM, Park SB, Son HJ, Um Y, Kim HS, Jeong JB. Cytotoxic activity of the twigs of Cinnamomum cassia through the suppression of cell proliferation and the induction of apoptosis in human colorectal cancer cells. Altern Ther Health Med 2018; 18:28. [PMID: 29554905 PMCID: PMC5858136 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2096-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Because twigs of Cinnamomum cassia (TC) have been reported to exert anti-cancer activity, the mechanistic study for TC’s anti-cancer activity is required. Thus, we elucidated the potential molecular mechanism of TC’s anti-proliferative effect and the induction of apoptosis in human colorectal cancer cells. Methods How water extracts form TC (TC-HW) was used in this study. Anti-cell proliferative effect of TC-HW was evaluated by MTT assay. The change of protein or mRNA level by TC-HW was evaluated by Western blot and RT-RCR, respectively. The promoter construct for ATF3, NF-κB, TOP-FLASH or FOP-FLASH was used for the investigation of the transcriptional activity for ATF3, NF-κB or Wnt. siRNA for ATF3 or p65 was used for the knockdown of ATF3 and p65. Results TC-HW reduced the cell viability in human colorectal cancer cells. TC-HW decreased cyclin D1 protein level through cyclin D1 degradation via GSK3β-dependent threonine-286 (T286) phosphorylation of cyclin D1, indicating that cyclin D1 degradation may contribute to TC-HW-mediated decrease of cyclin D1 protein level. TC-HW downregulated the expression of cyclin D1 mRNA level and inhibited Wnt activation through the downregulation of β-catenin and TCF4 expression, indicating that inhibition of cyclin D1 transcription may also result in TC-HW-mediated decrease of cyclin D1 protein level. In addition, TC-HW was observed to induce apoptosis through ROS-dependent DNA damage. TC-HW-induced ROS increased NF-κB and ATF3 activation, and inhibition of NF-κB and ATF3 activation attenuated TC-HW-mediated apoptosis. Conclusions Our results suggest that TC-HW may suppress cell proliferation through the downregulation of cyclin D1 via proteasomal degradation and transcriptional inhibition, and may induce apoptosis through ROS-dependent NF-κB and ATF3 activation. These effects of TC-HW may contribute to the reduction of cell viability in human colorectal cancer cells. From these findings, TC-HW has potential to be a candidate for the development of chemoprevention or therapeutic agents for human colorectal cancer.
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Song MY, Kang SY, Kang A, Hwang JH, Park YK, Jung HW. Cinnamomum cassiaPrevents High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity in Mice through the Increase of Muscle Energy. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2017; 45:1017-1031. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x17500549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The cortex of Cinnamomum cassia Presl (Cinnamomi Cortex: CC) has commonly been used for weight control in traditional medicines, but without a scientific basis. Therefore, this study was undertaken to investigate the anti-obesity effect of CC extract in a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mouse model and in C2C12 mouse skeletal muscle cells. Male C57BL/6 mice were fed a normal diet or a HFD for 16 consecutive weeks, and orally administered CC extract (100 or 300[Formula: see text]mg/kg) or metformin (250[Formula: see text]mg/kg; positive control) daily for 16 weeks. CC extract administration significantly decreased body weights, food intakes, and serum levels of glucose, insulin, total cholesterol and ALT levels, prevented oral glucose tolerance and insulin resistance, inhibited the protein expressions of MyHC and PGC1[Formula: see text] and the phosphorylation of AMPK, suppressed lipid accumulation in liver, decreased adipocyte size and increased muscle mass in obese mice. For this in vitro study, C2C12 myoblasts were differentiated into the myotubes for five days, and then treated with CC extract (0.1 or 0.2[Formula: see text]mg/ml) for 24[Formula: see text]h. CC extract significantly increased ATP levels by increasing the mRNA expressions of mitochondrial biogenesis-related factors, such as, PGC1[Formula: see text], NRF-1, and Tfam, and the phosphorylations of AMPK and ACC. Our results suggest CC extract controls weight gain in obese mice by inhibiting lipid accumulation and increasing energy expenditure, and that its action mechanism involves the up-regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis in skeletal muscle cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Young Song
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, South Korea
- Korean Medicine R&D Center, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, South Korea
| | - Seok Yong Kang
- Department of Herbology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, South Korea
| | - Anna Kang
- Department of Herbology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, South Korea
- Research Institute of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, South Korea
| | - Ji Hye Hwang
- Korean Medicine R&D Center, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, South Korea
| | - Yong-Ki Park
- Korean Medicine R&D Center, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, South Korea
- Department of Herbology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, South Korea
- Research Institute of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, South Korea
| | - Hyo Won Jung
- Korean Medicine R&D Center, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, South Korea
- Department of Herbology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, South Korea
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Shin WY, Shim DW, Kim MK, Sun X, Koppula S, Yu SH, Kim HB, Kim TJ, Kang TB, Lee KH. Protective effects of Cinnamomum cassia (Lamaceae) against gout and septic responses via attenuation of inflammasome activation in experimental models. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 205:173-177. [PMID: 28347828 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cinnamomum cassia (C. cassia, Lauraceae family), commonly used for treating dyspepsia, gastritis, blood circulation, and inflammatory diseases is considered as one of the 50 fundamental herbs in traditional Chinese medicine. AIM OF THE STUDY The anti-inflammatory action of an ethanol extract of C. cassia (CA), and its underlying mechanisms were explored in both in vitro cellular and in vivo murine models. MATERIALS AND METHODS Bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) were used to study the regulatory effect of CA on inflammasome activation. A lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sepsis mouse model and a monosodium urate (MSU)-induced gout model were employed to study the effect of CA on in vivo efficacy. RESULTS CA improved the survival rate in the LPS-induced septic shock mouse model and inhibited inflammasome activation including NLRP3, NLRC4, and AIM2, leading to suppression of interleukin-1β secretion. Further, ASC oligomerization and its speck formation in cytosol were attenuated by CA treatment. Furthermore, CA improved both survival rate of LPS-induced septic shock and gout murine model. CONCLUSIONS CA treatment significantly attenuated danger signals-induced inflammatory responses via regulation of inflammasome activation, substantiating the traditional claims of its use in the treatment of inflammation-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo-Young Shin
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Research Institute of Inflammatory Diseases, Konkuk University, Chungju, Korea
| | - Do-Wan Shim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Research Institute of Inflammatory Diseases, Konkuk University, Chungju, Korea
| | - Myong-Ki Kim
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Seowon University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Xiao Sun
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Research Institute of Inflammatory Diseases, Konkuk University, Chungju, Korea
| | - Sushruta Koppula
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Research Institute of Inflammatory Diseases, Konkuk University, Chungju, Korea
| | - Sang-Hyeun Yu
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Research Institute of Inflammatory Diseases, Konkuk University, Chungju, Korea
| | - Han-Bi Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Research Institute of Inflammatory Diseases, Konkuk University, Chungju, Korea
| | - Tack-Joong Kim
- Division of Biological Science and Technology, Institute of Biomaterials, Yonsei University, Wonju, Korea
| | - Tae-Bong Kang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Research Institute of Inflammatory Diseases, Konkuk University, Chungju, Korea
| | - Kwang-Ho Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Research Institute of Inflammatory Diseases, Konkuk University, Chungju, Korea.
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Sandhiutami NMD, Moordiani M, Laksmitawati DR, Fauziah N, Maesaroh M, Widowati W. In vitro assesment of anti-inflammatory activities of coumarin and Indonesian cassia extract in RAW264.7 murine macrophage cell line. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2017; 20:99-106. [PMID: 28133531 PMCID: PMC5243982 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2017.8102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Inflammation is an immune response toward injuries. Although inflammation is healing response, but in some condition it will lead to chronic disease such as rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's and various cancer. Indonesian cassia (Cinnamomum burmannil C. Nees & T. Ness) known to contain coumarin, is widely used for alternative medicine especially as an anti-inflammatory. This study was conducted to determine the anti-inflammatory properties of coumarin and Indonesian cassia extract (ICE) in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cell line. MATERIALS AND METHODS The cytotoxic assay of coumarin and ICE against RAW264.7 cells was conducted using MTS (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium). The anti-inflammatory potential was determined using LPS-induced RAW 267.4 macrophages cells to measure inhibitory activity of compound and ISEon production of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and also cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and TNF-α. RESULTS Coumarin 10 µM and ICE 10 µg/ml were nontoxic to the RAW264.7 cells. Both of coumarin and ICE were capable to reduce the PGE2, TNF-α, NO, IL-6, and IL-β level in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. Coumarin had higher activity to decrease PGE2 and TNF-α, whilst ICE had higher activity to inhibit NO, IL-6, and IL-β levels. CONCLUSION Coumarin and ICE possess anti-inflammatory properties through inhibition of PGE2 and NO along with pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Made Dwi Sandhiutami
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pancasila, Jl. Srenseng Sawah, Jagakarsa, Jakarta 12640, Indonesia
| | - Moordiani Moordiani
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pancasila, Jl. Srenseng Sawah, Jagakarsa, Jakarta 12640, Indonesia
| | - Dian Ratih Laksmitawati
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pancasila, Jl. Srenseng Sawah, Jagakarsa, Jakarta 12640, Indonesia
| | - Nurul Fauziah
- Bimolecular and Biomedical Research Center, Aretha Medika Utama, Jl. Babakan Jeruk 2 no 9, Bandung 40163, Indonesia
| | - Maesaroh Maesaroh
- Bimolecular and Biomedical Research Center, Aretha Medika Utama, Jl. Babakan Jeruk 2 no 9, Bandung 40163, Indonesia
| | - Wahyu Widowati
- Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Maranatha Christian University, Jl. Prof. drg. Suria Sumantri no 65 Bandung 40164, Indonesia
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Jung AR, Ahn SH, Park IS, Park SY, Jeong SI, Cheon JH, Kim K. Douchi (fermented Glycine max Merr.) alleviates atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice by regulation of PKC and IL-4. Altern Ther Health Med 2016; 16:416. [PMID: 27776525 PMCID: PMC5078902 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1394-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Douchi (fermented Glycine max Merr.) is produced from fermented soybeans, which is widely used in traditional herbal medicine. In this study, we investigated whether Douchi attenuates protein kinase C (PKC) and interleukin (IL)-4 response and cutaneous inflammation in Atopic dermatitis (AD)-like NC/Nga mice. METHODS To induce AD-like skin lesions, D. farinae antigen was applied to the dorsal skin of 3-week-old NC/Nga mice. After inducing AD, Douchi extract was administered 20 mg/kg daily for 3 weeks to the Douchi-treated mice group. We identified the changes of skin barrier and Th2 differentiation through PKC and IL-4 by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Douchi treatment of NC/Nga mice significantly reduced clinical scores (p < 0.01) and histological features. The levels of PKC and IL-4 were significantly reduced in the Douchi-treated group (p < 0.01). The reduction of IL-4 and PKC led to decrease of inflammatory factors such as substance P, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and Matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9) (all p < 0.01). Douchi also down-regulated Th1 markers (IL-12, TNF-α) as well as Th2 markers (IL-4, p-IκB) (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION Douchi alleviates AD-like skin lesions through suppressing of PKC and IL-4. These results also lead to diminish levels of substance P, iNOS and MMP-9 in skin lesions. Therefore, Douchi may have potential applications for the prevention and treatment of AD.
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Choi HM, Jung Y, Park J, Kim HL, Youn DH, Kang J, Jeong MY, Lee JH, Yang WM, Lee SG, Ahn KS, Um JY. Cinnamomi Cortex (Cinnamomum verum) Suppresses Testosterone-induced Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia by Regulating 5α-reductase. Sci Rep 2016; 6:31906. [PMID: 27549514 PMCID: PMC4994048 DOI: 10.1038/srep31906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cinnamomi cortex (dried bark of Cinnamomum verum) is an important drug in Traditional Korean Medicine used to improve blood circulation and Yang Qi. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common chronic disease in aging men. This study was conducted to determine the effect of Cinnamomi cortex water extract (CC) on BPH. BPH was induced by a pre-4-week daily injection of testosterone propionate (TP). Six weeks of further injection with (a) vehicle, (b) TP, (c) TP + CC, (d) TP + finasteride (Fi) was carried on. As a result, the prostate weight and prostatic index of the CC treatment group were reduced. Histological changes including epithelial thickness and lumen area were recovered as normal by CC treatment. The protein expressions of prostate specific antigen, estrogen receptor α (ERα), androgen receptor (AR), 5α-reductase (5AR), and steroid receptor coactivator 1 were suppressed by treatment of CC. Immunohistochemical assays supported the western blot results, as the expressions of AR and ERα were down-regulated by CC treatment as well. Further in vitro experiments showed CC was able to inhibit proliferation of RWPE-1 cells by suppressing 5AR and AR. These results all together suggest CC as a potential treatment for BPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Myung Choi
- College of Korean Medicine, Basic Research Laboratory for Comorbidity Regulation, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunu Jung
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinbong Park
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Lin Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Basic Research Laboratory for Comorbidity Regulation, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyun Youn
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - JongWook Kang
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Young Jeong
- College of Korean Medicine, Basic Research Laboratory for Comorbidity Regulation, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hyun Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Dongduk Women's University, 60 Hwarang-ro 13-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Woong Mo Yang
- College of Korean Medicine, Basic Research Laboratory for Comorbidity Regulation, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Geun Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Basic Research Laboratory for Comorbidity Regulation, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Seok Ahn
- College of Korean Medicine, Basic Research Laboratory for Comorbidity Regulation, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Young Um
- College of Korean Medicine, Basic Research Laboratory for Comorbidity Regulation, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea.,Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea
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Effect of Dangguibohyul-Tang, a Mixed Extract of Astragalus membranaceus and Angelica sinensis, on Allergic and Inflammatory Skin Reaction Compared with Single Extracts of Astragalus membranaceus or Angelica sinensis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:5936354. [PMID: 27051450 PMCID: PMC4802015 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5936354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Revised: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Dangguibohyul-tang (DBT), herbal formula composed of Astragalus membranaceus (AM) and Angelica sinensis (AS) at a ratio of 5 : 1, has been used for the treatment of various skin diseases in traditional medicine. We investigated the effect of DBT on allergic and inflammatory skin reaction in atopic dermatitis-like model compared to the single extract of AM or AS. DBT treatment showed the remission of clinical symptoms, including decreased skin thickness and scratching behavior, the total serum IgE level, and the number of mast cells compared to DNCB group as well as the single extract of AM- or AS-treated group. Levels of cytokines (IL-4, IL-6, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-1β) and inflammatory mediators (NF-κB, phospho-IκBα, and phospho-MAPKs) were significantly decreased in AM, AS, and DBT groups. These results demonstrated that AM, AS, and DBT may have the therapeutic property on atopic dermatitis by inhibition of allergic and inflammatory mediators and DBT formula; a mixed extract of AM and AS based on the herb pairs theory especially might be more effective on antiallergic reaction as compared with the single extract of AM or AS.
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Herbal Medicines Prevent the Development of Atopic Dermatitis by Multiple Mechanisms. Chin J Integr Med 2016; 25:151-160. [PMID: 26740223 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-015-2438-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is among the most common skin disorders in humans. Although a variety of regimens are available for the treatment of AD, preventive approaches are limited. Recent studies have demonstrated that certain naturally-occurring herbal medicines are effective in preventing the development of AD via divergent mechanisms, such as inhibiting cytokine and chemokine expression, IgE production, inflammatory cell infiltration, histamine release, and/or enhancement of epidermal permeability barrier function. Yet, they exhibit few adverse effects. Since herbal medicines are widely available, inexpensive and generally safe, they could represent an ideal approach for preventing the development of AD, in both highly developed and developing countries.
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Jeong SJ, Lim HS, Seo CS, Jin SE, Yoo SR, Lee N, Shin HK. Anti-inflammatory actions of herbal formula Gyejibokryeong-hwan regulated by inhibiting chemokine production and STAT1 activation in HaCaT cells. Biol Pharm Bull 2015; 38:425-34. [PMID: 25757924 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b14-00660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Gyejibokryeong-hwan (GJBRH; Keishi-bukuryo-gan in Japan and Guizhi Fuling Wan in China) is a traditional herbal formula comprising five medicinal herbs and is used to treat climacteric syndrome. GJBRH has been shown to exhibit biological activity against diabetes, diabetic nephropathy, atherosclerosis, ischemia, and cancer. However, there is no scientific evidence of its activities against skin inflammation, including atopic dermatitis. We used the HaCaT human keratinocyte cell line to investigate the effects of GJBRH on skin inflammation. No significant cytotoxicity was observed in cells treated with GJBRH up to a concentration of 1000 µg/mL. Exposure to the proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) significantly increased HaCaT cell production of the following chemokines: macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC)/CCL22; regulated on activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted (RANTES)/CCL5; and interleukin-8 (IL-8). In contrast, GJBRH significantly reduced the production of MDC, RANTES, and IL-8 compared with control cells simulated with TNF-α and IFN-γ. Consistently, GJBRH suppressed the mRNA expression of MDC, RANTES, and IL-8 in TNF-α and IFN-γ-treated cells. Treatment with GJBRH markedly inhibited phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) in HaCaT cells stimulated with TNF-α and IFN-γ. Our findings indicate that GJBRH impairs TNF-α and IFN-γ-mediated inflammatory chemokine production and STAT1 phosphorylation in keratinocytes. We suggest that GJBRH may be a potent therapeutic agent for inflammatory skin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Jin Jeong
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine
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Kumar P, Hosain MZ, Kang JH, Takeo M, Kishimura A, Mori T, Katayama Y. Suppression of atopic dermatitis in mice model by reducing inflammation utilizing phosphatidylserine-coated biodegradable microparticles. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2015; 26:1465-74. [DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2015.1100844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Adewoyin M, Mohsin SMN, Arulselvan P, Hussein MZ, Fakurazi S. Enhanced anti-inflammatory potential of cinnamate-zinc layered hydroxide in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Drug Des Devel Ther 2015; 9:2475-84. [PMID: 25995619 PMCID: PMC4425241 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s72716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cinnamic acid (CA) is a phytochemical originally derived from Cinnamomum cassia, a plant with numerous pharmacological properties. The intercalation of CA with a nanocarrier, zinc layered hydroxide, produces cinnamate-zinc layered hydroxide (ZCA), which has been previously characterized. Intercalation is expected to improve the solubility and cell specificity of CA. The nanocarrier will also protect CA from degradation and sustain its release. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of intercalation on the anti-inflammatory capacity of CA. METHODS In this study, the anti-inflammatory activity of ZCA was investigated and compared with that of nonintercalated CA. Evaluations were based on the capacity of ZCA and CA to modulate the release of nitric oxide, prostaglandin E2, interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), IL-1β, and IL-10 in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 cells. Additionally, the expression of proinflammatory enzymes, ie, cyclooxygenase-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), were examined. RESULTS Although both ZCA and CA downregulated nitric oxide, prostaglandin E2, tumor necrosis factor alpha, IL-1β, and IL-6, ZCA clearly displayed better activity. Similarly, expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase were inhibited in samples treated with ZCA and CA. The two compounds effectively inactivated the transcription factor NF-κB, but the anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-10, was significantly upregulated by ZCA only. CONCLUSION The present findings suggest that ZCA possesses better anti-inflammatory potential than CA, while zinc layered hydroxide had little or no effect, and these results were comparable with the positive control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malik Adewoyin
- Laboratory of Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sumaiyah Megat Nabil Mohsin
- Materials Synthesis and Characterization Laboratory, Institute of Advanced Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Palanisamy Arulselvan
- Laboratory of Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Zobir Hussein
- Materials Synthesis and Characterization Laboratory, Institute of Advanced Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sharida Fakurazi
- Laboratory of Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Pharmacology Unit, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
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Kim EC, Kim HJ, Kim TJ. Water extract of Cinnamomum cassia suppresses angiogenesis through inhibition of VEGF receptor 2 phosphorylation. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2015; 79:617-24. [DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2014.993917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Angiogenesis, the process of new blood vessel formation, has been a major target for cancer therapy. Antiangiogenic herbal medicines are useful in the treatment of cancer. In this study, we found that a water extract of Cinnamomum cassia (CCWE) was a potent inhibitor of angiogenesis. In cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells, CCWE suppressed vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced proliferation, migration, invasion, tube formation, and intracellular signaling events such as phosphorylation of ERK, p38 and VEGFR2, and activation of matrix metalloproteinase. Furthermore, CCWE inhibited VEGF-induced vessel sprouting of rat aorta ex vivo. These findings might be of particular interest for drug development because VEGF signaling is a potential target for treatment of angiogenesis-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eok-Cheon Kim
- Division of Biological Science and Technology, Yonsei-Fraunhofer Medical Device Lab, College of Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju, Korea
| | - Hye Jin Kim
- Division of Biological Science and Technology, Yonsei-Fraunhofer Medical Device Lab, College of Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju, Korea
| | - Tack-Joong Kim
- Division of Biological Science and Technology, Yonsei-Fraunhofer Medical Device Lab, College of Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju, Korea
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Lei W, Song YL, Guo XY, Tu PF, Jiang Y. Habitat differentiation and degradation characterization of Cinnamomi Cortex by 1H NMR spectroscopy coupled with multivariate statistical analysis. Food Res Int 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2014.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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SHIN YONGKYU, SON HYEONGU, KIM JONGMYUNG, HEO JINCHUL, LEE SANGHAN, KIM JONGGUK. Cinnamomum cassia bark produced by solid-state fermentation with Phellinus baumii has the potential to alleviate atopic dermatitis-related symptoms. Int J Mol Med 2014; 35:187-94. [DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2014.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Sung YY, Lee AY, Kim HK. The Gardenia jasminoides extract and its constituent, geniposide, elicit anti-allergic effects on atopic dermatitis by inhibiting histamine in vitro and in vivo. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 156:33-40. [PMID: 25153023 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.07.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Revised: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Gardenia jasminoides Ellis has been used in traditional medicine for treatment of inflammation, edema, and dermaitis. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism by which Gardenia jasminoides extract (GJE) elicits anti-allergic effects in mast cells and in mice with atopic dermatitis (AD). MATERIALS AND METHODS We investigated the effects of GJE and its fractions on compound 48/80-induced histamine release from MC/9 cells and Dermatophagoides farinae-exposed NC/Nga mice. The effects of its constituents on histamine release from MC/9 cells were also investigated. RESULTS GJE and its ethyl acetate fraction (GJE-EA) inhibited compound 48/80-induced histamine release from MC/9 mast cells. The topical application of GJE or GJE-EA to Dermatophagoides farinae-exposed NC/Nga mice reduced the symptoms of AD, inhibited the infiltration of inflammatory cells, and lowered the serum levels of immunoglobulin E and histamine. Both GJE and GJE-EA reduced the expression of cytokines (interleukin [IL]-4, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha) and adhesion molecules (intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1) in ear lesions. In addition, the quantitative analysis of GJE and GJE-EA by high-performance liquid chromatography revealed the presence of crocin and geniposide. Geniposide, but not crocin, inhibited the release of histamine from mast cells, which may contribute to the anti-allergic effect of GJE and GJE-EA. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that GJE and GJE-EA can suppress mast cell degranulation-induced histamine release, and geniposide may be potential therapeutic candidates for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon-Young Sung
- Herbal Medicine Resources Group, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-811, Republic of Korea
| | - A Yeong Lee
- Herbal Medicine Resources Group, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-811, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Kyoung Kim
- Herbal Medicine Resources Group, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-811, Republic of Korea.
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Huh JE, Kim SJ, Kang JW, Nam DW, Choi DY, Park DS, Lee JD. The standardized BHH10 extract, a combination of Astragalus membranaceus, Cinnamomum cassia, and Phellodendron amurense, reverses bone mass and metabolism in a rat model of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Phytother Res 2014; 29:30-9. [PMID: 25230217 PMCID: PMC4303985 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Revised: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Jasin-hwan-gagambang (BHH10), a modified prescription of Jasin-hwan, contains Astragalus membranaceus, Cinnamomum cassia, and Phellodendron amurense, and it has been traditionally used to treat osteoporosis and other inflammatory diseases. In this study, we systematically investigated the protective effects of BHH10 in ovariectomy (OVX)-induced rats. Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham and OVX subgroups. The rats in the OVX group were treated with vehicle, BHH10, alendronate (ALN), and 17β-estradiol (E2). BHH10 treatment significantly inhibited OVX-induced increases in body weight and uterus atrophy. In addition, it significantly increased the bone mineral density (BMD) and prevented a decrease in trabecular bone volume, connectivity density, trabecular number, thickness, and separation at the total femur and femur neck. The OVX rats showed significant decreases in the serum levels of calcium and phosphorous and significant increases in the serum levels of cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, C-telopeptide type 1 collagen, and bone morphogenetic protein-2. These changes were significantly reduced to near sham levels by administration of BHH10 to OVX rats. BHH10-treated rats had a greater bone mass, a better structural architecture of the bone, and higher levels of biochemical markers of the bone than did the ALN-treated or E2-treated rats. These results suggest that BHH10 reverses osteoporosis in OVX rats by stimulating bone formation or regulating bone resorption and is not associated with toxicity. © 2014 The Authors. Phytotherapy Research published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Eun Huh
- Oriental Medicine Research Center for Bone and Joint Disease, East-West Bone and Joint Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, 149 Sangil-dong, Gangdong-gu, Seoul, 134-727, Republic of Korea
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Topical herbal application in the management of atopic dermatitis: a review of animal studies. Mediators Inflamm 2014; 2014:752103. [PMID: 25024511 PMCID: PMC4082915 DOI: 10.1155/2014/752103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Revised: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 05/25/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Herbs are widely used in the treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD) in Eastern Asian countries, and certain herbs regarded have anti-inflammatory properties that can help with AD. With the goal of developing a topical herbal agent for AD, we conducted a systematic review of in vivo studies of AD-like skin models for screening potential herbs. Searches were conducted from PubMed and EMBASE. After all, 22 studies were included for this review. We judged most of the domains of all studies to be at unclear risk of bias. Among 22 included studies, 21 herbs have been reported to reduce AD-like skin lesions in mouse models by suppressing Th2 cell response. Our findings may offer potential herbs for the topical application treatment of AD.
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Tanaka K, Ohgo Y, Katayanagi Y, Yasui K, Hiramoto S, Ikemoto H, Nakata Y, Miyoshi N, Isemura M, Ohashi N, Imai S. Anti-inflammatory effects of green soybean extract irradiated with visible light. Sci Rep 2014; 4:4732. [PMID: 24751752 PMCID: PMC3994445 DOI: 10.1038/srep04732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2013] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We conducted a preliminary investigation of the effects of visible light irradiation on plant extracts, and we observed a strong suppressive effect on interleukin (IL) 2 expression with the inhibition of c-Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation in Jurkat cells by visible light irradiation to ethanol extract from green soybeans (LIEGS). This effect was produced only by extracts from green soybeans (Glycine max) and not other-color soybeans. LIEGS suppressed the lipopolysaccharide-induced IL-6, IL-12 and TNF-α expression levels in human monocyte THP-1 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. LIEGS was applied for 8 weeks to NC/Nga mice. LIEGS suppressed the development of atopic dermatitis (AD)-like skin lesions and reduced the dermatitis scores of the mice. The light irradiation changed the various types of small-molecule compounds in extracts. Visible light irradiation to daidzein with chlorophyll b induced a novel oxidative product of daidzein. This product suppressed IL-2 expression in Jurkat cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Tanaka
- Health Care Research Center, Nisshin Pharma Inc., 5-3-1, Fujimino, Saitama, 356-8511 Japan
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Yasushi Ohgo
- Health Care Research Center, Nisshin Pharma Inc., 5-3-1, Fujimino, Saitama, 356-8511 Japan
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Yuki Katayanagi
- Health Care Research Center, Nisshin Pharma Inc., 5-3-1, Fujimino, Saitama, 356-8511 Japan
| | - Kensuke Yasui
- Health Care Research Center, Nisshin Pharma Inc., 5-3-1, Fujimino, Saitama, 356-8511 Japan
| | - Shigeru Hiramoto
- Health Care Research Center, Nisshin Pharma Inc., 5-3-1, Fujimino, Saitama, 356-8511 Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ikemoto
- Health Care Research Center, Nisshin Pharma Inc., 5-3-1, Fujimino, Saitama, 356-8511 Japan
| | - Yumi Nakata
- Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8526 Japan
| | - Noriyuki Miyoshi
- Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8526 Japan
| | - Mamoru Isemura
- Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8526 Japan
| | - Norio Ohashi
- Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8526 Japan
| | - Shinjiro Imai
- Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8526 Japan
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The Drinking Effect of Hydrogen Water on Atopic Dermatitis Induced by Dermatophagoides farinae Allergen in NC/Nga Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:538673. [PMID: 24348704 PMCID: PMC3852999 DOI: 10.1155/2013/538673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Revised: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen water (HW) produced by electrolysis of water has characteristics of extremely low oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) value and high dissolved hydrogen (DH). It has been proved to have various beneficial effects including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects; however, HW effect on atopic dermatitis (AD), an inflammatory skin disorder, is poorly documented. In the present study, we examined the immunological effect of drinking HW on Dermatophagoides farinae-induced AD-like skin in NC/Nga mice. Mice were administered with HW and purified water (PW) for 25 days. We evaluated the serum concentration of pro-inflammatory (TNF-α), Th1 (IFN-γ, IL-2, and IL-12p70), Th2 (IL-4, IL-5, and IL-10), and cytokine expressed by both subsets (GM-CSF) to assess their possible relationship to the severity of AD. The serum levels of cytokines such as IL-10, TNF-α, IL-12p70, and GM-CSF of mice administered with HW was significantly reduced as compared to PW group. The results suggest that HW affects allergic contact dermatitis through modulation of Th1 and Th2 responses in NC/Nga mice. This is the first note on the drinking effect of HW on AD, clinically implying a promising potential remedy for treatment of AD.
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DiNicola C, Kekevian A, Chang C. Integrative medicine as adjunct therapy in the treatment of atopic dermatitis--the role of traditional Chinese medicine, dietary supplements, and other modalities. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2013; 44:242-53. [PMID: 22661238 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-012-8315-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is becoming increasingly prevalent in the pediatric population, with rates reportedly as high as 18-25 %. Westernized medicine has traditionally used a combination of emollients, antihistamines, corticosteroids, and immunomodulating agents to combat this often frustrating disease. Of late, integrative medicine has become the subject of more research as concerns grow regarding prolonged use of corticosteroids and their side effects in pediatric patients. Probiotics have been extensively studied to define their role in the treatment and prevention of AD in children. Unfortunately, results are varying showing significant improvement in some patients but not all. With regard to prevention, studies show that the use of probiotics during pregnancy does decrease the incidence of AD in children. Prebiotics and synbiotics are also a conceivable option for prevention of AD. A number of studies on Chinese herbal medicine have been performed, with a collective result of symptom improvement and decreased levels of inflammatory cytokines. However, there were reports of asymptomatic transaminitis in a few patients that warrant further testing. While the herbs tested in more recent randomized clinical trials were free from corticosteroids, a previous study showed high levels of dexamethasone in unlabeled herbal eczema creams. Vitamins and minerals have also been suggested as an alternative treatment of AD. Studies however have not yet demonstrated improvement of AD with vitamin or mineral supplementation. Topical vitamin B(12) is the exception to this; however, no topical vitamin B(12) preparation is available for use. Finally, relaxation techniques are also being investigated as adjunctive methods of treatment, but well-designed scientific studies are lacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- C DiNicola
- Division of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology, Thomas Jefferson University, Wilmington, DE, USA
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Inhibitory effects of polysaccharide-rich extract of Phragmites rhizoma on atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice. Life Sci 2013; 92:866-72. [PMID: 23517777 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2013.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2012] [Revised: 02/16/2013] [Accepted: 03/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Phragmites rhizoma was reported to have anti-oxidative and free radical scavenging activity. It also has been traditionally used to suppress inflammation. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the topical effects of the polysaccharide-rich extract of P. rhizoma (PEP) on atopic dermatitis. MAIN METHODS We induced AD-like skin lesions by an extract of the house-dust mite Dermatophagoides farinae (Dfb) in NC/Nga mice, and then performed macroscopic analysis, immunohistochemical staining and measurement of total serum IgE and cytokine production by ELISA. KEY FINDINGS Topically applied PEP suppressed dermatitis with a decrease in dermatitis score and scratch number. The histological manifestations of atopic skin lesions including thickened epidermis and increased numbers of mast cells, polymorphonuclear leukocytes and nerve fibers were significantly attenuated. The activation of IgE and the levels of cytokines such as IFN-γ IL-4 and IL-10 were also decreased. SIGNIFICANCE Our results indicated that PEP might have an inhibitory effect on atopic dermatitis-like lesion and be a promising natural resource in the treatment of atopic dermatitis.
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Sung YY, Yang WK, Lee AY, Kim DS, Nho KJ, Kim YS, Kim HK. Topical application of an ethanol extract prepared from Illicium verum suppresses atopic dermatitis in NC/Nga mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 144:151-159. [PMID: 22971899 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.08.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2012] [Revised: 08/24/2012] [Accepted: 08/27/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Illicium verum is a traditional herbal medicine with anti-inflammatory properties used in Asia. However, its usefulness in the treatment of allergic diseases remains unclear. This study evaluated the anti-inflammatory and antiallergic effects of I. verum extract (IVE) in a mouse model of atopic dermatitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS We investigated the effects of IVE on compound 48/80-induced histamine release, and phorbol 12-myristate13-acetate and calcium ionophore A23187-stimulated cytokines secretion in MC/9 mast cells. Atopic dermatitis was induced in NC/Nga mice by exposure to extract of house dust mite (Dermatophagoides farinae). After a topical application of IVE on ear and skin lesions, we evaluated the severity of skin symptoms, ear thickness, inflammatory cell infiltration, and serum levels of immunoglobulin E (IgE), histamine, interleukin (IL)-6, and intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1. In addition, we determined the expression of IL-4, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interferon (IFN)-γ thymus- and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC), regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES), ICAM-1, and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 in ear tissues. RESULTS IVE inhibited secretion of histamine, IL-4, IL-6, and TNF-α from mast cells in a dose-dependent manner. Topical application of IVE significantly reduced dermatitis scores, ear thickness, and serum levels of IgE, histamine, IL-6, and ICAM-1. Histopathological analysis demonstrated decreased epidermal thickening and dermal infiltration by inflammatory cells. In the ear lesions, IVE treatment reduced expression of IL-4, IL-6, TNF-α, TARC, RANTES, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1, but not IFN-γ. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that IVE inhibits atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions by suppressing the expression of cytokines, chemokines, and adhesion molecules. These results suggest that IVE may be a potential therapeutic candidate for atopic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon-Young Sung
- Basic Herbal Medicine Research Group, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 483 Expo-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-811, Republic of Korea
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Sung YY, Kim YS, Kim HK. Illicium verum extract inhibits TNF-α- and IFN-γ-induced expression of chemokines and cytokines in human keratinocytes. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 144:182-189. [PMID: 22974545 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.08.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2012] [Revised: 08/08/2012] [Accepted: 08/25/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Illicium verum Hook. f. (star anise) has been used in traditional medicine for treatment of skin inflammation, rheumatism, asthma, and bronchitis. This study investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of Illicium verum extract (IVE) in the human keratinocyte HaCaT cell line. MATERIALS AND METHODS We investigated the effectiveness of IVE in tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)/interferon-γ (IFN-γ)-induced human keratinocytes. To measure the effects of IVE on chemokine and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in HaCaT cells, we used the following methods: cell viability assay, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, western blotting, and luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS IVE inhibited the expression of TNF-α/IFN-γ-induced mRNA and protein expression of thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC/CCL17), macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC/CCL22), interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β. Furthermore, IVE decreased TNF-α/IFN-γ-induced mRNA expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). IVE inhibited nuclear factor (NF)-κB translocation into the nucleus, as well as phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα. IVE inhibited TNF-α/IFN-γ-induced NF-κB and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)1 activation in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, IVE significantly inhibited activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and Akt. Furthermore, IVE contained 2.14% trans-anethole and possessed significant anti-inflammatory activities. CONCLUSIONS IVE exerts anti-inflammatory effects by suppressing the expression of TNF-α/IFN-γ-induced chemokines, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and adhesion molecules via blockade of NF-κB, STAT1, MAPK, and Akt activation, suggesting that IVE may be a useful therapeutic candidate for inflammatory skin diseases, such as atopic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon-Young Sung
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea
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Involvement of Heme Oxygenase-1 Participates in Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Effects of Aqueous Extract of Hibiscus taiwanensis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2012; 2012:132859. [PMID: 22778769 PMCID: PMC3388519 DOI: 10.1155/2012/132859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2012] [Revised: 04/16/2012] [Accepted: 04/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Anti-inflammatory effects of the aqueous extract of Hibiscus taiwanensis (AHT) were used in lipopolysaccharide (LPS-)stimulated mouse macrophage RAW264.7 cells and carrageenan (Carr-)induced mouse paw edema model. When RAW264.7 macrophages were treated with AHT together with LPS, a concentration-dependent inhibition of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels productions were detected. Western blotting revealed that AHT blocked protein expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and elevated heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), significantly. In the animal test, AHT decreased the paw edema at the 4th and the 5th h after Carr administration, and it increased the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the paw tissue. We also demonstrated AHT decreased the NO, TNF-α, and PGE2 levels on the serum level at the 5th h after the Carr injection. Western blotting revealed that AHT decreased Carr-induced iNOS, and COX-2, and increased HO-1 expressions at the 5th h in the edema paw. These findings demonstrated that AHT has excellent anti-inflammatory activities in vitro and in vivo and thus it has great potential to be used as a source for natural health products.
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Yang G, Lee K, An DG, Lee MH, Ham IH, Choi HY. Effect of Chrysanthemi borealis flos on atopic dermatitis induced by 1-chloro 2,4-dinitrobenzene in NC/Nga mouse. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2012; 34:413-8. [PMID: 22564174 DOI: 10.3109/08923973.2011.613401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The flower of Chrysanthemum boreale has traditionally been used for treatment of various inflammatory disease including atopic dermatitis (AD). However, its action on AD is unclear. Therefore, we investigated the effect of CB on AD using NC/Nga mice as an AD model. The effect of CB on 1-Chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNCB) induced NC/Nga mice was evaluated by examining skin symptom severity, itching behavior, ear thickness, levels of serum Immunoglobulin E (IgE), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-4 (IL-4), skin histology. The CB significantly reduced the total clinical severity score, itching behavior, ear thickness and the level of serum IgE in AD mouse model. CB not only decreased TNF-α but also IL-4. These results suggest that CB may be a potential therapeutic modality for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabsik Yang
- Department of Herbology, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung-Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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48
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Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Cinnamomum cassia Constituents In Vitro and In Vivo. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2012; 2012:429320. [PMID: 22536283 PMCID: PMC3318905 DOI: 10.1155/2012/429320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2011] [Revised: 01/11/2012] [Accepted: 01/11/2012] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
We have investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of Cinnamomum cassia constituents (cinnamic aldehyde, cinnamic alcohol, cinnamic acid, and coumarin) using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated mouse macrophage (RAW264.7) and carrageenan (Carr)-induced mouse paw edema model. When RAW264.7 macrophages were treated with cinnamic aldehyde together with LPS, a significant concentration-dependent inhibition of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels productions were detected. Western blotting revealed that cinnamic aldehyde blocked protein expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), nuclear transcription factor kappa B (NF-κB), and IκBα, significantly. In the anti-inflammatory test, cinnamic aldehyde decreased the paw edema after Carr administration, and increased the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the paw tissue. We also demonstrated cinnamic aldehyde attenuated the malondialdehyde (MDA) level and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in the edema paw after Carr injection. Cinnamic aldehyde decreased the NO, TNF-α, and PGE2 levels on the serum level after Carr injection. Western blotting revealed that cinnamic aldehyde decreased Carr-induced iNOS, COX-2, and NF-κB expressions in the edema paw. These findings demonstrated that cinnamic aldehyde has excellent anti-inflammatory activities and thus has great potential to be used as a source for natural health products.
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Yu T, Lee S, Yang WS, Jang HJ, Lee YJ, Kim TW, Kim SY, Lee J, Cho JY. The ability of an ethanol extract of Cinnamomum cassia to inhibit Src and spleen tyrosine kinase activity contributes to its anti-inflammatory action. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 139:566-573. [PMID: 22155395 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.11.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2011] [Revised: 11/05/2011] [Accepted: 11/25/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cinnamomum cassia Blume (Aceraceae) has been traditionally used to treat various inflammatory diseases such as gastritis. However, the anti-inflammatory mechanism of Cinnamomum cassia has not been fully elucidated. This study examined the anti-inflammatory mechanism of 95% ethanol extract (Cc-EE) of Cinnamomum cassia. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effect of Cc-EE on the production of inflammatory mediators in RAW264.7 cells and peritoneal macrophages was investigated. Molecular mechanisms underlying the effects, especially inhibitory effects, was elucidated by analyzing the activation of transcription factors and their upstream signaling, and by evaluating the kinase activity of target enzymes. RESULTS Cc-EE of Cinnamomum cassia diminished the production of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and prostaglandin (PG)E(2), in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW264.7 cells and peritoneal macrophages in a dose-dependent manner. Cc-EE also blocked mRNA expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, and TNF-α by suppressing the activation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB, and simultaneously inhibited its upstream inflammatory signaling cascades, including spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) and Src. Consistent with these findings, the extract directly blocked the kinase activities of Src and Syk. CONCLUSION Cc-EE exerts strong anti-inflammatory activity by suppressing Src/Syk-mediated NF-κB activation, which contributes to its major ethno-pharmacological role as an anti-gastritis remedy. Future work will be focused on determining whether the extract can be further developed as an anti-inflammatory drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yu
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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