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Xie Z, Xie H, Peng X, Hu J, Chen L, Li X, Qi H, Zeng J, Zeng N. The antidepressant-like effects of Danzhi Xiaoyao San and its active ingredients. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 119:155015. [PMID: 37597362 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a severe mental illness that endangers human health. Depressed individuals are prone to sleep less and to the loss of appetite for food; their thinking and cognition processes, as well as mood, may even be affected. Danzhi Xiaoyao San (DXS), documented in the Internal Medicine Summary, has been used for hundreds of years in China and is widely applied traditionally to treat liver qi stagnation, liver and spleen blood deficiency, menstrual disorders, and spontaneous and night sweating. DXS can also clear heat and drain the liver. Presently, it is used frequently in the treatment of depression based on its ability to clear the liver and alleviate depression. PURPOSE To summarize clinical and preclinical studies on the antidepressant-like effects of DXS, understand the material basis and mechanisms of these effects, and offer new suggestions and methods for the clinical treatment of depression. METHODS "Danzhi Xiaoyao", "Danzhixiaoyao", "Xiaoyao", "depression" and active ingredients were entered as keywords in PubMed, Google Scholar, CNKI and WANFANG DATA databases in the search for material on DXS and its active ingredients. The PRISMA guidelines were followed in this review process. RESULTS Per clinical reports, DXS has a therapeutic effect on patients with depression but few side effects. DXS and its active ingredients allegedly produce their neuroprotective antidepressant-like effects by modulating monoamine neurotransmitter levels, inhibiting the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis hyperfunction, reducing neuroinflammation and increasing neurotrophic factors. CONCLUSION Overall, DXS influences multiple potential mechanisms to exert its antidepressant-like effects thanks to its multicomponent character. Because depression is not caused by a single mechanism, probing the antidepressant-like effects of DXS could further help understand the pathogenesis of depression and discover new antidepressant drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China
| | - Hongxiao Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China
| | - Xi Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China
| | - Jingwen Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China
| | - Li Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China; Department of Pharmacy, Clinical Medical College and the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, China
| | - Xiangyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China
| | - Hu Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China
| | - Jiuseng Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China.
| | - Nan Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China.
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Shen W, Jiang N, Zhou W. What can traditional Chinese medicine do for adult neurogenesis? Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1158228. [PMID: 37123359 PMCID: PMC10130459 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1158228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult neurogenesis plays a crucial role in cognitive function and mood regulation, while aberrant adult neurogenesis contributes to various neurological and psychiatric diseases. With a better understanding of the significance of adult neurogenesis, the demand for improving adult neurogenesis is increasing. More and more research has shown that traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), including TCM prescriptions (TCMPs), Chinese herbal medicine, and bioactive components, has unique advantages in treating neurological and psychiatric diseases by regulating adult neurogenesis at various stages, including proliferation, differentiation, and maturation. In this review, we summarize the progress of TCM in improving adult neurogenesis and the key possible mechanisms by which TCM may benefit it. Finally, we suggest the possible strategies of TCM to improve adult neurogenesis in the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Shen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Ning Jiang, ; Wenxia Zhou,
| | - Wenxia Zhou
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Ning Jiang, ; Wenxia Zhou,
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Zhang M, Liu J, Zhang Y, Xie J. Zizyphi Spinosae Semen: a natural herb resource for treating neurological disorders. Curr Top Med Chem 2022; 22:1379-1391. [PMID: 35578851 DOI: 10.2174/1568026622666220516113210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Neurological disorders generally have the characteristics of occult onset and progressive development, which can do some serious damage to human body in the aging process. It is worth noting that traditional medicine can potentially prevent and treat such diseases. Zizyphi Spinosae Semen (ZSS), the seeds of Ziziphus jujuba var. spinosa it has a long clinical history for sleep regulation. In recent years, ZSS has been proved to exhibit various types of neuroprotective activity, such as sleep improvement, antidepressant, anti-anxiety, memory improvement and etc. It has become a popular natural product due to its many inherently available compounds that demonstrate medicinal and pharmacological importance. This paper reviews the main components and their metabolic transformation processes, highlights the various neurofunctional regulation activities and their mechanisms of ZSS, providing a theoretical basis for further research and clinical application of this natural medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Zhang
- College of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Jinrui Liu
- College of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Yanqing Zhang
- College of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Junbo Xie
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
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Feng L, Xing H, Zhang K. The therapeutic potential of traditional Chinese medicine in depression: Targeting adult hippocampal neurogenesis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 98:153980. [PMID: 35152089 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.153980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a common mental disorder characterized by persistent sadness and lack of interest or pleasure in previously rewarding or enjoyable activities. Understandably, the causes of depression are complex. Nevertheless, the understanding of depression pathophysiology has progressed considerably and numerous studies indicate that hippocampal neurogenesis plays a pivotal role. However, no drugs specifically targeting hippocampal neurogenesis yet exist. Meanwhile, the effects of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) on hippocampal neurogenesis have received increasing attention in the field of antidepressant treatment because of its multi-ingredient, multi-target, and holistic view. However, the effects and mechanisms of TCM on hippocampal neurogenesis in clinical trials and pharmaceutical studies remain to be comprehensively delineated. PURPOSE To summarize the importance of hippocampal neurogenesis in depression and illustrate the targets and mechanisms of hippocampal neurogenesis regulation that underlie the antidepressant effects of TCM. METHOD A systematic review of clinical trials and studies ending by January 2022 was performed across eight electronic databases (Web of Science, PubMed, SciFinder, Research Gate, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, Scopus and China Knowledge Infrastructure) according to the PRISMA criteria, using the search terms 'traditional Chinese medicine' "AND" 'depression' "OR" 'hippocampal neurogenesis' "OR" 'multi-ingredient' "OR" 'multi-target'. RESULTS Numerous studies show that hippocampal neurogenesis is attenuated in depression, and that antidepressants act by enhancing hippocampal neurogenesis. Moreover, compound Chinese medicine (CCM), Chinese meteria medica (CMM), and major bioactive components (MBCs) can promote hippocampal neurogenesis exerting antidepressant effects through modulation of neurotransmitters and receptors, neurotrophins, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, inflammatory factors, autophagy, and gut microbiota. CONCLUSION We have comprehensively summarized the effect and mechanism of TCM on hippocampal neurogenesis in depression providing a unique perspective on the use of TCM in the antidepressant field. TCM has the characteristics and advantages of multiple targets and high efficacy, showing great potential in the field of depression treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijin Feng
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Hang Xing
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Kuo Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; Tianjin UBasio Biotechnology Group, Tianjin 300457, China.
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Wu Z, Bao X, Liu L, Li L. Looming Effects on Attentional Modulation of Prepulse Inhibition Paradigm. Front Psychol 2021; 12:740363. [PMID: 34867622 PMCID: PMC8634448 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.740363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In a hazardous environment, it is fundamentally important to successfully evaluate the motion of sounds. Previous studies demonstrated "auditory looming bias" in both macaques and humans, as looming sounds that increased in intensity were processed preferentially by the brain. In this study on rats, we used a prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the acoustic startle response paradigm to investigate whether auditory looming sound with intrinsic warning value could draw attention of the animals and dampen the startle reflex caused by the startling noise. We showed looming sound with a duration of 120 ms enhanced PPI compared with receding sound with the same duration; however, when both sound types were at shorter duration/higher change rate (i.e., 30 ms) or longer duration/lower rate (i.e., more than 160 ms), there was no PPI difference. This indicates that looming sound-induced PPI enhancement was duration dependent. We further showed that isolation rearing impaired the abilities of animals to differentiate looming and receding prepulse stimuli, although it did not abolish their discrimination between looming and stationary prepulse stimuli. This suggests that isolation rearing compromised their assessment of potential threats from approaching objects and receding objects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhemeng Wu
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | | | | | - Liang Li
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Xu E, Wang B, Lu S, Zhang C, Zhu L, Liu X, Bai M, Li Y. Tandem mass tag-based quantitative proteomic analysis of the liver reveals potential protein targets of Xiaochaihutang in CUMS model of depression. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2021; 1181:122898. [PMID: 34479180 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2021.122898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Depression is a global mental disorder disease and greatly threatened human health. Xiaochaihutang (XCHT) has been used successfully in treatment of depression for many years in China, but the mechanism is unclear. Using the chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) mice model of depression, the present study aimed to reveal possible antidepressant mechanisms of XCHT from the perspective of liver by analyzing hepatic proteomics in mice. Bioinformatics analysis identified 31 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), including 5 upregulated and 26 downregulated proteins, between the CUMS model and XCHT groups. The bile secretion pathway was found by KEGG pathway analysis of these DEPs. Four of the 31 differentially expressed proteins, including 2 active proteins involved in bile secretion, carbonic anhydrase 2 (CA2) and cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), were selected to verify their genes. Four genes (Cyp7a1, Fxr, Shp and Ntcp) related to bile acid synthesis and transport were further investigated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Both biochemical tests and gene studies demonstrated that CUMS affected bile acid synthesis and transport, while XCHT regulated this pathway. The results indicated that there may be a potential relationship between CUMS induced depression and hepatic injury caused by increased bile acid, and also provide a novel insight to understand the underlying anti-depression mechanisms of XCHT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erping Xu
- Henan Key Laboratory for Modern Research on Zhongjing's Herbal Formulae, Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Baoying Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory for Modern Research on Zhongjing's Herbal Formulae, Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuaifei Lu
- Henan Key Laboratory for Modern Research on Zhongjing's Herbal Formulae, Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China; School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Changjing Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory for Modern Research on Zhongjing's Herbal Formulae, Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China; School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Leilei Zhu
- Henan Key Laboratory for Modern Research on Zhongjing's Herbal Formulae, Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China; School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xueying Liu
- Basic Medical School, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ming Bai
- Henan Key Laboratory for Modern Research on Zhongjing's Herbal Formulae, Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Yucheng Li
- Henan Key Laboratory for Modern Research on Zhongjing's Herbal Formulae, Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.
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7
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Salihu SA, Ghafari H, Ahmadimanesh M, Gortany NK, Shafaroodi H, Ghazi-Khansari M. Glatiramer acetate attenuates depressive/anxiety-like behaviors and cognitive deficits induced by post-weaning social isolation in male mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2021; 238:2121-2132. [PMID: 33797571 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-021-05836-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a debilitating disorder with adverse effects on mood, memory, and quality of life. OBJECTIVES In this study, the antidepressant potential of glatiramer acetate (GA), a drug used in the management of multiple sclerosis, was investigated in acute and chronic models of depression in male mice. The acute antidepressant screening was performed with the forced swim (FST) and tail suspension (TST) tests. In the chronic phase, post-weaning social isolation (SI) was used to induce depressive-/anxiety-like behaviors. METHODS Mice were reared in two different groups of social (SG) and isolated (IG) for 4 weeks. IG mice were treated with 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg/kg of GA for the last 2 weeks of the SI period. Animals were assessed by the behavioral tests of depression, anxiety, learning, and memory, and hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) level was measured. RESULTS The acute tests confirmed the antidepressant potential of GA. In the chronic phase, GA could reduce immobility time in FST (P < 0.05), increase exploration activity in open field test (P < 0.05), increase open arms duration (P < 0.05) and entries in elevated plus maze (P<0.001), and improve memory and learning in passive avoidance test (P < 0.05). The BDNF level was increased in IG mice and decreased in IG mice treated with GA. CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that GA improved depressive-/anxiety-like behaviors and cognitive dysfunction of SI reared mice without increasing the BDNF level which may be associated with other mechanisms of actions of GA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanusi Andah Salihu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 13145-784, Tehran, Iran
| | - Homanaz Ghafari
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 13145-784, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Ahmadimanesh
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Food and Drug Control Laboratory, Food and Drug Vice Presidency, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Narges K Gortany
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 13145-784, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Shafaroodi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 13145-784, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mahmoud Ghazi-Khansari
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 13145-784, Tehran, Iran.
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Mannan A, Singh TG, Singh V, Garg N, Kaur A, Singh M. Insights into the Mechanism of the Therapeutic Potential of Herbal Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors in Neurological Diseases. Curr Drug Targets 2021; 23:286-310. [PMID: 34238153 DOI: 10.2174/1389450122666210707120256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Monoamine oxidase (MAO) is an enzyme that catalyzes the deamination of monoamines and other proteins. MAO's hyperactivation results in the massive generation of reactive oxygen species, which leads to a variety of neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease, and depression-like disorders. Although synthetic MAO inhibitors are clinically available, they are associated with side effects such as hepatotoxicity, cheese reaction, hypertensive crisis, and so on, necessitating the investigation of alternative MAO inhibitors from a natural source with a safe profile. Herbal medications have a significant impact on the prevention of many diseases; additionally, they have fewer side effects and serve as a precursor for drug development. This review discusses the potential of herbal MAO inhibitors as well as their associated mechanism of action, with an aim to foster future research on herbal MAO inhibitors as potential treatment for neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashi Mannan
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | | | - Varinder Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Nikhil Garg
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Amarjot Kaur
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Manjinder Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
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9
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Zhou L, Tao X, Pang G, Mu M, Sun Q, Liu F, Hu Y, Tao H, Li B, Xu K. Maternal Nicotine Exposure Alters Hippocampal Microglia Polarization and Promotes Anti-inflammatory Signaling in Juvenile Offspring in Mice. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:661304. [PMID: 34045967 PMCID: PMC8144443 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.661304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence reveal that maternal smoking or perinatal nicotine replacement therapy impairs hippocampal neurogenesis, neural development, and cognitive behaviors in the offspring. Microglia is a source of non-neural regulation of neuronal development and postnatal neurogenesis. In this study, we explored the impact of nicotine on the microglia during the development of hippocampus. Developmental nicotine exposure in a mouse model was conducted by supplementing nicotine in the drinking water to mother mice during gestation and lactation period. We found that juvenile offspring with maternal nicotine exposure presented physical and neurobehavioral development delay and an increase in anxiety-like behavior in the open field test on postnatal day (PND) 20. To further detect possible developmental neurotoxic effects of nicotine in offspring and underlying mechanism, whole genome microarray analysis of the expression profile of the hippocampus was performed on postnatal day 20. Significant alterations in the expression of genes related to inflammatory, neurotransmitter, and synapsis were observed in the hippocampus after maternal nicotine exposure, as compared to the vehicle control. Concurrently, an increase in microglial markers and the presence of M2 polarity state in the hippocampus of the nicotine offspring were observed by histological analysis and confocal z-stacking scanning. The M2 microglial polarization state was further confirmed with in vitro primary microglia culture by cytokine array, and double-positive expression of BDNF/Iba1 in microglia by immunohistochemical staining in the juvenile offspring hippocampus was visualized. We also found that nicotine offspring showed an increase of neurite length in the molecular layer and CA1 by Tuj1 staining, as well as an increase in the expression of synapse associated protein, PSD95, but the expression of NeuroD1 in CA1 and CA3 reduced. In summary, maternal nicotine exposure dysregulates immune-related genes expression by skewing the polarity of M2 microglia in the hippocampus, which may cause abnormal cognitive and behavioral performance in the offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhou
- Center for Medical Research, School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China
| | - Xinrong Tao
- Center for Medical Research, School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust Control and Occupational Health, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust Deep Reduction and Occupational Health and Safety, Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China.,Engineering Laboratory of Occupational Safety and Health, Anhui Province, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China
| | - Gang Pang
- College of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Min Mu
- Center for Medical Research, School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust Control and Occupational Health, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust Deep Reduction and Occupational Health and Safety, Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China.,Engineering Laboratory of Occupational Safety and Health, Anhui Province, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China
| | - Qixian Sun
- Center for Medical Research, School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Center for Medical Research, School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China
| | - Yuting Hu
- Center for Medical Research, School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China
| | - Huihui Tao
- Center for Medical Research, School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust Control and Occupational Health, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust Deep Reduction and Occupational Health and Safety, Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China.,Engineering Laboratory of Occupational Safety and Health, Anhui Province, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China
| | - Bing Li
- Center for Medical Research, School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China
| | - Keyi Xu
- Center for Medical Research, School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust Control and Occupational Health, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust Deep Reduction and Occupational Health and Safety, Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China.,Engineering Laboratory of Occupational Safety and Health, Anhui Province, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China
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Radix Scutellariae Ameliorates Stress-Induced Depressive-Like Behaviors via Protecting Neurons through the TGF β3-Smad2/3-Nedd9 Signaling Pathway. Neural Plast 2020; 2020:8886715. [PMID: 33273910 PMCID: PMC7683137 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8886715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic stress can impair hippocampal neurogenesis, increase neuronal apoptosis, and cause depressive-like behaviors. Our previous studies found that Radix Scutellariae (RS) can rescue the stress-induced neuronal injury, but the mechanism is not clear. Here, we continued to investigate the underlying antidepressant mechanisms of the RS extract. A 7-week chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) procedure was used to establish a murine depression model. 0.75 g/kg or 1.5 g/kg RS was administered daily to the mice during the last 4 weeks. Depressive-like behaviors were evaluated by the sucrose preference test (SPT), forced swimming test (FST), open field test (OFT), and tail suspension test (TST). The neuroprotective effect of RS was evaluated with the expression of hippocampal neuron-related markers and apoptosis-associated proteins by Nissl staining, immunohistochemistry, and western blot. Transforming growth factor-β3 (TGFβ3) pathway-related proteins were detected by western blot. Results showed that RS could ameliorate depressive-like behaviors, increase the expression of the antiapoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2), reduce the expression of the proapoptotic protein BCL-2-associated X (BAX), and increase the number of doublecortin- (DCX-), microtubule-associated protein 2- (MAP2-), and neuronal nucleus- (NeuN-) positive cells in the hippocampus. Moreover, RS could reverse the CUMS-induced decrease of TGFβ3 protein, promote the phosphorylation of SMAD2/3, and increase the expression of downstream NEDD9 protein. These results suggest that RS could exert antidepressant effects via protecting neurons. And the molecular mechanism might be related to the regulation of the TGFβ3-SMAD2/3-NEDD9 pathway.
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Miyazaki S, Fujita Y, Oikawa H, Takekoshi H, Soya H, Ogata M, Fujikawa T. Combination of syringaresinol-di-O-β-D-glucoside and chlorogenic acid shows behavioral pharmacological anxiolytic activity and activation of hippocampal BDNF-TrkB signaling. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18177. [PMID: 33097741 PMCID: PMC7584579 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74866-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mental stress, such as anxiety and conflict, causes physiological changes such as dysregulation of autonomic nervous activity, depression, and gastric ulcers. It also induces glucocorticoid production and changes in hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels. We previously reported that Acanthopanax senticosus HARMS (ASH) exhibited anxiolytic activity. Thus, we attempted to identify the anxiolytic constituents of ASH and investigated its influence on hippocampal BDNF protein expression in male Sprague Dawley rats administered chlorogenic acid (CHA), ( +)-syringaresinol-di-O-β-D-glucoside (SYG), or a mixture of both (Mix) for 1 week using the open field test (OFT) and improved elevated beam walking (IEBW) test. As with ASH and the benzodiazepine anxiolytic cloxazolam (CLO), Mix treatment significantly increased locomotor activity in the OFT. CHA and Mix increased the time spent in the open arm in the IEBW test. SYG and Mix treatment inhibited the significant increase in normalized low-frequency power, indicative of sympathetic nervous activity, and significant decrease in normalized high-frequency power, indicative of parasympathetic nervous activity, as observed in the IEBW test. SYG and Mix treatment significantly increased hippocampal BDNF protein expression. The combination of CHA and SYG possibly induces anxiolytic behavior and modulates autonomic regulation, activates hippocampal BDNF signaling as with ASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouhei Miyazaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Prophylaxis and Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, 3500-3 Minamitamagaki-cho, Mie, 513-8670, Japan
| | - Yoshio Fujita
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, 3500-3 Minamitamagaki-cho, Mie, 513-8670, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Oikawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, 3500-3 Minamitamagaki-cho, Mie, 513-8670, Japan
| | - Hideo Takekoshi
- Production and Development Department, Sun Chlorella Corp., 369 Osaka-cho, Karasuma-dori Gojo-sagaru, Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto, 600-8177, Japan
| | - Hideaki Soya
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Neuroendocrinology, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8574, Japan
- Sport Neuroscience Division, Advanced Research Initiative for Human High Performance (ARIHHP), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8574, Japan
| | - Masato Ogata
- Department of Biochemistry and Proteomics, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan
| | - Takahiko Fujikawa
- Laboratory of Molecular Prophylaxis and Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, 3500-3 Minamitamagaki-cho, Mie, 513-8670, Japan.
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, 3500-3 Minamitamagaki-cho, Mie, 513-8670, Japan.
- Department of Biochemistry and Proteomics, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan.
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Kaneda Y, Kawata A, Suzuki K, Matsunaga D, Yasumatsu M, Ishiwata T. Comparison of neurotransmitter levels, physiological conditions, and emotional behavior between isolation-housed rats with group-housed rats. Dev Psychobiol 2020; 63:452-460. [PMID: 32945540 DOI: 10.1002/dev.22036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Brain monoaminergic neurotransmitters, such as dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-HT), and noradrenaline (NA), play crucial roles in neuronal and physiological functions, including social behaviors. Isolation housing may induce behavioral and neurochemical abnormalities in rats, although its influence on neurotransmitter levels remains obscure. This study investigated the influence of isolation- or group-housing on core body temperature (Tcore ), locomotor activity (ACT), emotional behavior, and neurotransmitter levels in male Wistar rats. Behavioral changes were monitored using the open field test (OFT) and social interaction test (SIT). After 4 weeks, brain tissues were collected to quantify 5-HT, DA, and NA concentrations. Body weight and basal Tcore during both the light and dark phase were higher in isolation-housed than in group-housed rats, although no significant difference was seen in ACT. No significant differences were observed during the OFT. Isolation-housed rats showed increased line crossing and decreased social behavior during the SIT. Isolation-housed rats exhibited decreased levels of 5-HT in the caudate putamen and amygdala, and elevated and decreased NA levels in the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus and hippocampus, respectively. However, DA levels were unaffected. Thus, housing environments may affect brain areas that regulate various neuronal and physiological functions, such as memory, stress responses, and emotional behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Kaneda
- Graduate School of Community & Human Services, Rikkyo University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Akira Kawata
- Graduate School of Community & Human Services, Rikkyo University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kota Suzuki
- Graduate School of Community & Human Services, Rikkyo University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Daisuke Matsunaga
- Graduate School of Community & Human Services, Rikkyo University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Mikinobu Yasumatsu
- Graduate School of Community & Human Services, Rikkyo University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takayuki Ishiwata
- Graduate School of Community & Human Services, Rikkyo University, Saitama, Japan
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13
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Lorigooini Z, Nouri A, Mottaghinia F, Balali-Dehkordi S, Bijad E, Dehkordi SH, Soltani A, Amini-Khoei H. Ferulic acid through mitigation of NMDA receptor pathway exerts anxiolytic-like effect in mouse model of maternal separation stress. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2020; 32:/j/jbcpp.ahead-of-print/jbcpp-2019-0263/jbcpp-2019-0263.xml. [PMID: 32374285 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2019-0263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Experiencing early-life stress plays an important role in the pathophysiology of anxiety disorders. Ferulic acid is a phenolic compound found in some plants which has several pharmacological properties. N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors are involved in the pathophysiology of mood disorders. In this study we aimed to assess the anxiolytic-like effect of ferulic acid in a mouse model of maternal separation (MS) stress by focusing on the possible involvement of NMDA receptors. Methods Mice were treated with ferulic acid (5 and 40 mg/kg) alone and in combination with NMDA receptor agonist/antagonist. Valid behavioral tests were performed, including open field test (OFT) and elevated plus maze test (EPM), while quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to evaluate gene expression of NMDA subunits (GluN2A and GluN2B) in the hippocampus. Results Findings showed that treatment of MS mice with ferulic acid increased the time spent in the central zone of the OFT and increased both open arm time and the percent of open arm entries in the EPM. Ferulic acid reduced the expression of NMDA receptor subunit genes. We showed that administration of NMDA receptor agonist (NMDA) and antagonist (ketamine) exerted anxiogenic and anxiolytic-like effects, correspondingly. Results showed that co-administration of a sub-effective dose of ferulic acid plus ketamine potentiated the anxiolytic-like effect of ferulic acid. Furthermore, co-administration of an effective dose of ferulic acid plus NMDA receptor agonist (NMDA) attenuated the anxiolytic-like effect of ferulic acid. Conclusions In deduction, our findings showed that NMDA, partially at least, is involved in the anxiolytic-like effect of ferulic acid in the OFT and EPM tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Lorigooini
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Ali Nouri
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Faezeh Mottaghinia
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Shima Balali-Dehkordi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Elham Bijad
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | | | - Amin Soltani
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Hossein Amini-Khoei
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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Jia D, Dou Y, He Y, Zhou X, Gao Y, Ma M, Wu Z, Li W. Saponin extract of Baihe - Zhimu Tang ameliorates depression in chronic mild stress rats. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.103905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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15
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Jia W, Liu J, Hu R, Hu A, Tang W, Li L, Li J. Xiaochaihutang Improves the Cortical Astrocyte Edema in Thioacetamide-Induced Rat Acute Hepatic Encephalopathy by Activating NRF2 Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:382. [PMID: 32372950 PMCID: PMC7179068 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress induced by high ammonia, which leads to astrocyte edema, is the key to acute hepatic encephalopathy (AHE). Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) has been implicated in oxidative stress, but the mechanism of NRF2 against ammonia-induced astrocytes edema has not been fully studied. We confirmed that the NRF2 pathway is related to brain edema caused by AHE and found that Xiaochaihutang (XCHT) could effectively activate the NRF2 pathway to treat AHE. The model of AHE was established with thioacetamide (TAA) in rats. Rat behaviors were observed, brain water content, blood ammonia levels, glutamine synthetase (GS), malondialdehyde (MDA), and total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) were determined after XCHT treatment. Furthermore, the expression of NRF2 pathway proteins and mRNA, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and aquaporins 4 (AQP4) were examined. In order to determine whether XCHT has a direct effect on cerebral edema caused by high ammonia, we examined the effect of XCHT compound serum on cortical astrocytes in the presence of ammonia, through microscopic observation and immunofluorescence (IF). Results showed that AHE induced by TAA changed the behavior of the rats, and increased brain water content, blood ammonia levels, GS and MDA content meanwhile decreasing T-SOD, but these symptoms were improved by treatment with XCHT. XCHT protected brain edema by activating the NRF2 pathway and increasing the expression of downstream proteins and genes. Astrocytes treated with 5 mM ammonia also showed an increase in the AQP4 protein expression but a decrease in XCHT compound serum and ammonia-induced cell edema groups. This study demonstrates that the NRF2 pathway is involved in the brain edema in AHE, and XCHT may represent a useful prescription for the treatment of AHE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyi Jia
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease and Biosafety, and Provincial Department of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Research Center for Medicine and Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jiajia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnocentric of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Rui Hu
- Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Anling Hu
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnocentric of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Weiwei Tang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Lijuan Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jin Li
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease and Biosafety, and Provincial Department of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Research Center for Medicine and Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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16
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Harauma A, Sueyasu T, Tokuda H, Yasuda H, Hoshi Y, Kaneda Y, Rogi T, Shibata H, Nakamura MT, Moriguchi T. Changes in behavior and fatty acid composition induced by long-term reduction in murine Δ6-desaturation activity. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2020; 155:102079. [PMID: 32145668 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2020.102079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), especially arachidonic acid (ARA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), play an important role in biological regulation. In our previous study using mice deficient in Δ6 desaturase (D6D), we reported that ARA is required for body growth, while DHA is necessary for functional development. In mammals, ARA and DHA are supplied directly or by synthesis from linoleic acid (LA) and α-linolenic acid (ALA). However, as desaturase enzyme activity is immature or low in newborns, and humans with minor alleles of the gene encoding desaturase, respectively, they require dietary supplementation with ARA and DHA. To investigate how the body reacts to a long-term reduction in fatty acid synthesis, we measured behavioral changes and fatty acid composition in mice heterozygous for the D6D null mutation with reduced D6D activity fed a diet containing only LA and ALA as PUFAs. During the growth-maturity period, heterozygous mice showed a slightly change in interest and curiosity compared with the wild-type group. ARA levels were decreased in the brain and liver in the heterozygous group, especially during the growth-maturity period, whereas DHA levels were decreased in the liver only in the old age period, suggesting that there are differences in the synthesis of and demand for ARA and DHA during life. For newborns, and humans with minor alleles with low desaturase activity, direct ARA intake is particularly important during the growth-maturity period, but they may need to be supplemented with DHA in the old age period. Further research is needed to determine the optimal intake and duration of these fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Harauma
- School of Life and Environmental Science, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Sueyasu
- Institute for Health Care Science, Suntory Wellness Ltd. 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0284, Japan
| | - Hisanori Tokuda
- Institute for Health Care Science, Suntory Wellness Ltd. 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0284, Japan
| | - Hidemi Yasuda
- School of Life and Environmental Science, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
| | - Yukino Hoshi
- School of Life and Environmental Science, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Kaneda
- Institute for Health Care Science, Suntory Wellness Ltd. 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0284, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Rogi
- Institute for Health Care Science, Suntory Wellness Ltd. 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0284, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shibata
- Institute for Health Care Science, Suntory Wellness Ltd. 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0284, Japan
| | - Manabu T Nakamura
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 905 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Toru Moriguchi
- School of Life and Environmental Science, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan.
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Zhang K, Wang Z, Pan X, Yang J, Wu C. Antidepressant-like effects of Xiaochaihutang in perimenopausal mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 248:112318. [PMID: 31629860 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Xiaochaihutang (XCHT) is a traditional Chinese medicine prescription for thousand years in China. Our previous researches show that XCHT has antidepressant-like effects in several depression models, but effect and mechanism of XCHT in perimenopausal depression are still vague. AIM OF THE STUDY To reveal the antidepressant-like effect and mechanism of XCHT in perimenopausal mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Perimenopausal depression model is executed by ovariectomy combined with chronic unpredictable mild stress (OVX-CUMS). Tail suspension test (TST), forced swim test (FST), elevated plus-maze (EPM), novelty suppressed feeding (NSF) and locomotor activity are used to assess antidepressant-like effects of XCHT. The Level of estradiol (E2), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH), corticosterone (CORT), adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) are evaluated by ELISA. Antidepressant mechanisms of XCHT in OVX-CUMS mice are analyzed by 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (TPH2) and estrogen receptor α and β (ERα/β). RESULTS The results show that OVX-CUMS significantly increases the immobility time in TST and FST, increases latency to feed, decreases food consumption in NSF and both the time spend and number of entries in open arms in EPM. While, oral administration of XCHT can significantly normalize above depression-like behaviors in OVX-CUMS mice. Moreover, XCHT also remarkably normalized levels of 5-HT, 5-HIAA, E2, GnRH, CORT, ACTH and CRH in OVX-CUMS mice. Finally, the expression of ERβ and TPH2 are decreased by OVX-CUMS in prefrontal cortex and hypothalamus, and XCHT can restore these decrease. CONCLUSION Current findings suggest XCHT can alleviate perimenopausal depression-like behaviors, restore 5-HT and hormones in OVX-CUMS mice, which may be related to normalizing the functions of HPA/HPO axis and enhancing expression of ERβ and TPH2 in prefrontal cortex and hypothalamus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 110016, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Zhiqian Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 110016, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Xing Pan
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 110016, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Jingyu Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 110016, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Chunfu Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 110016, Shenyang, PR China.
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18
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Jin Y, Cui R, Zhao L, Fan J, Li B. Mechanisms of Panax ginseng action as an antidepressant. Cell Prolif 2019; 52:e12696. [PMID: 31599060 PMCID: PMC6869450 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Panax ginseng, a well-known traditional Chinese medicine with multiple pharmacological activities, plays a crucial role in modulating mood disorders. Several recent studies have identified an underlying role of Panax ginseng in the prevention and treatment of depression. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms remain unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this review, we summarized the recent progress of antidepressant effects and underlying mechanisms of Panax ginseng and its representative herbal formulae. RESULTS The molecular and cellular mechanisms of Panax ginseng and its herbal formulae include modulating monoamine neurotransmitter system, upregulating the expression of neurotrophic factors, regulating the function of HPA axis, and anti-inflammatory action. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, this review may provide theoretical bases and clinical applications for the treatment of depression by Panax ginseng and its representative herbal formulae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Jin
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ranji Cui
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lihong Zhao
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jie Fan
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Bingjin Li
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Zhang Z, Deng T, Wu M, Zhu A, Zhu G. Botanicals as modulators of depression and mechanisms involved. Chin Med 2019; 14:24. [PMID: 31338119 PMCID: PMC6628492 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-019-0246-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is the most disastrous mood disorder affecting the health of individuals. Conventional treatments with chemical compounds for depression have limitations, while herbal medicine has unique therapeutic effects. This paper introduces the pharmacological basis and biological mechanisms underlying the botanical antidepressants over the past 5 years. Based upon the specific therapeutic targets or mechanisms, we analyzed the pathological roles of monoamine neurotransmitters, the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis, inflammation, oxidative stress, synaptic plasticity performed in antidepressant of the botanicals. In addition, gut flora and neurogenesis were also preferentially discussed as treatment approaches. Based on the complex pathogenesis of depression, we suggested that mixed use of botanicals, namely prescription would be more suitable for treatment of depression. In addition, neural circuit affected by botanicals or active components should also attract attention as the botanicals have potential to be developed into fast-acting antidepressants. Finally, gut flora might be a new systemic target for the treatment of depression by botanicals. This review would strength botanical medicine as the antidepressant and also provides an overview of the potential mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengrong Zhang
- 1Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Meishan Road 103, Hefei, 230038 China
| | - Taomei Deng
- 2School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038 China
| | - Manli Wu
- 2School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038 China
| | - Aisong Zhu
- 3College of Basic Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053 China
| | - Guoqi Zhu
- 1Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Meishan Road 103, Hefei, 230038 China
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Zhang K, He M, Su D, Pan X, Li Y, Zhang H, Yang J, Wu C. Quantitative proteomics reveal antidepressant potential protein targets of xiaochaihutang in corticosterone induced model of depression. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 231:438-445. [PMID: 30445107 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Xiaochaihutang (XCHT), one of famous Chinese herbal prescription for treating Shaoyang symptom, has been used successfully in depressive disorders for many years. Our laboratory has demonstrated that XCHT remarkably alleviated various depressive behaviors induced by several depressive animal models, but previous studies only focused on one or several protein targets, lacked dynamic change and interrelation of proteins. Therefore, potential protein targets and mechanisms are required further systematic investigation. AIM OF THE STUDY To discover and assess the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) of hippocampus after oral administration of XCHT in corticosterone (CORT) induced model of depression by using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS The antidepressant effects of XCHT were assessed by two behavioral despair models (forced swimming test and tail suspension test) in CORT induced model of depression. The DEPs of hippocampus after XCHT treatment were investigated by iTRAQ analysis. Potential protein targets and mechanisms were assessed by gene ontology (GO), Kyoto encyclopedia of gene and genomes (KEGG) and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. RESULTS Our data demonstrated XCHT could significantly improve depressive behaviors. A total of 241 DEPs were identified after XCHT treatment, including 68 up regulation and 173 down regulation proteins. GO enrichment results indicated that XCHT mainly regulated intracellular structural proteins involved in cellular response to stress, transferase activity and steroid hormone. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that endocytosis might be the principal pathway of XCHT on depression. PPI analysis predicted cell division cycle and apoptosis regulator protein 1 (Ccar1) and Calretinin (Calb2) might play the central roles in XCHT's antidepressant network. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that XCHT plays the important roles in antidepressant action by restoring DEPs, which results in the dysregulation of hippocampal neurogenesis, neurotransmitter and steroid hormone. The current results wish to provide novel perspectives for revealing the potential protein targets of XCHT on depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Box 31, 103 Wenhua Road, 110016 Shenyang, PR China.
| | - Meiyao He
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Box 31, 103 Wenhua Road, 110016 Shenyang, PR China.
| | - Dongmei Su
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Box 31, 103 Wenhua Road, 110016 Shenyang, PR China.
| | - Xing Pan
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Box 31, 103 Wenhua Road, 110016 Shenyang, PR China.
| | - Yuting Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Box 31, 103 Wenhua Road, 110016 Shenyang, PR China.
| | - Haotian Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Box 31, 103 Wenhua Road, 110016 Shenyang, PR China.
| | - Jingyu Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Box 31, 103 Wenhua Road, 110016 Shenyang, PR China.
| | - Chunfu Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Box 31, 103 Wenhua Road, 110016 Shenyang, PR China.
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Wang B, Wu Q, Lei L, Sun H, Michael N, Zhang X, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Ge B, Wu X, Wang Y, Xin Y, Zhao J, Li S. Long-term social isolation inhibits autophagy activation, induces postsynaptic dysfunctions and impairs spatial memory. Exp Neurol 2018; 311:213-224. [PMID: 30219732 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
. Moreover, we found that L-PWSI increased the protein expression of p-AKT/AKT, p-mTOR/mTOR and p62, whereas the protein levels of LC3B and Beclin1 were decreased indicating an inhibition in autophagy activity. Intraperitoneal injection of rapamycin significantly potentiated fEPSP slope and cognition-related proteins expression in the L-PWSI mice. These results therefore suggest that L-PWSI induces postsynaptic dysfunction by disrupting the interaction between AMPAR, NMDAR and PSD-95, and inhibit the autophagy activity which led to impaired spatial memory and cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Diseases, Department of Physiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
| | - Qiong Wu
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Diseases, Department of Physiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Lei Lei
- Technology Centre of Target-based Nature Products for Prevention and Treatment of Ageing-related Neurodegeneration, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Hailun Sun
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Diseases, Department of Physiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Ntim Michael
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Diseases, Department of Physiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Technology Centre of Target-based Nature Products for Prevention and Treatment of Ageing-related Neurodegeneration, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Heart and Vessel Diseases of Dalian Medical University, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Diseases, Department of Physiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Biying Ge
- Technology Centre of Target-based Nature Products for Prevention and Treatment of Ageing-related Neurodegeneration, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Xuefei Wu
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Diseases, Department of Physiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Yi Xin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
| | - Jie Zhao
- Technology Centre of Target-based Nature Products for Prevention and Treatment of Ageing-related Neurodegeneration, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
| | - Shao Li
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Diseases, Department of Physiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
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Mumtaz F, Khan MI, Zubair M, Dehpour AR. Neurobiology and consequences of social isolation stress in animal model-A comprehensive review. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 105:1205-1222. [PMID: 30021357 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.05.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The brain is a vital organ, susceptible to alterations under genetic influences and environmental experiences. Social isolation (SI) acts as a stressor which results in alterations in reactivity to stress, social behavior, function of neurochemical and neuroendocrine system, physiological, anatomical and behavioral changes in both animal and humans. During early stages of life, acute or chronic SIS has been proposed to show signs and symptoms of psychiatric and neurological disorders such as anxiety, depression, schizophrenia, epilepsy and memory loss. Exposure to social isolation stress induces a variety of endocrinological changes including the activation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, culminating in the release of glucocorticoids (GCs), release of catecholamines, activation of the sympatho-adrenomedullary system, release of Oxytocin and vasopressin. In several regions of the central nervous system (CNS), SIS alters the level of neurotransmitter such as dopamine, serotonin, gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamate, nitrergic system and adrenaline as well as leads to alteration in receptor sensitivity of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and opioid system. A change in the function of oxidative and nitrosative stress (O&NS) mediated mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammatory factors, neurotrophins and neurotrophicfactors (NTFs), early growth response transcription factor genes (Egr) and C-Fos expression are also involved as a pathophysiological consequences of SIS which induce neurological and psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiza Mumtaz
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Muhammad Imran Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Kohat University of Science and Technology, 26000 Kohat, KPK, Pakistan; Drug Detoxification Health Welfare Research Center, Bannu, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zubair
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - Ahmad Reza Dehpour
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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