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Lalhmangaihzuala S, Vanlaldinpuia K, Khiangte V, Laldinpuii Z, Liana T, Lalhriatpuia C, Pachuau Z. Therapeutic applications of carbohydrate-based compounds: a sweet solution for medical advancement. Mol Divers 2024:10.1007/s11030-024-10810-2. [PMID: 38554170 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-024-10810-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
Carbohydrates, one of the most abundant biomolecules found in nature, have been seen traditionally as a dietary component of foods. Recent findings, however, have unveiled their medicinal potential in the form of carbohydrates-derived drugs. Their remarkable structural diversity, high optical purity, bioavailability, low toxicity and the presence of multiple functional groups have positioned them as a valuable scaffold and an exciting frontier in contemporary therapeutics. At present, more than 170 carbohydrates-based therapeutics have been granted approval by varying regulatory agencies such as United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Japan Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency (PMDA), Chinese National Medical Products Administration (NMPA), and the European Medicines Agency (EMA). This article explores an overview of the fascinating potential and impact of carbohydrate-derived compounds as pharmacological agents and drug delivery vehicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samson Lalhmangaihzuala
- Department of Chemistry, Pachhunga University College, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram, 796001, India
- Department of Chemistry, Mizoram University, Tanhril, Aizawl, Mizoram, 796004, India
| | - Khiangte Vanlaldinpuia
- Department of Chemistry, Pachhunga University College, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram, 796001, India.
| | - Vanlalngaihawma Khiangte
- Department of Chemistry, Pachhunga University College, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram, 796001, India
- Department of Chemistry, Mizoram University, Tanhril, Aizawl, Mizoram, 796004, India
| | - Zathang Laldinpuii
- Department of Chemistry, Pachhunga University College, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram, 796001, India
- Department of Chemistry, Mizoram University, Tanhril, Aizawl, Mizoram, 796004, India
| | - Thanhming Liana
- Department of Chemistry, Pachhunga University College, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram, 796001, India
| | - Chhakchhuak Lalhriatpuia
- Department of Chemistry, Pachhunga University College, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram, 796001, India
| | - Zodinpuia Pachuau
- Department of Chemistry, Mizoram University, Tanhril, Aizawl, Mizoram, 796004, India
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Nonato DTT, Aragão GF, Craveiro RMCB, Pereira MG, Vasconcelos SMM, Wong DVT, Júnior RCPL, Soares PMG, Lima MADS, Assreuy AMS, Chaves EMC. Polysaccharide-rich extract of Genipa americana leaves protects seizures and oxidative stress in the mice model of pentylenetetrazole-induced epilepsy. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 172:116212. [PMID: 38364734 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Plant polysaccharides have biological activities in the brain and those obtained from Genipa americana leaves present antioxidant and anticonvulsant effects in the mice model of pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced acute seizures. This study aimed to evaluate the polysaccharide-rich extract of Genipa americana leaves (PRE-Ga) in the models of acute seizures and chronic epilepsy (kindling) induced by PTZ. In the acute seizure model, male Swiss mice (25-35 g) received PRE-Ga (1 or 9 mg/kg; intraperitoneal- IP), alone or associated with diazepam (0.01 mg/kg), 30 min before induction of seizures with PTZ (70 mg/kg; IP). In the chronic epilepsy model, seizures were induced by PTZ (40 mg/kg) 30 min after treatment and in alternated days up to 30 days and evaluated by video. Brain areas (prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, striatum) were assessed for inflammatory and oxidative stress markers. Diazepam associated to PRE-Ga (9 mg/kg; i.p.) increased the latency of seizures in acute (222.4 ± 47.57 vs. saline: 62.00 ± 4.709 s) and chronic models (6.267 ± 0.502 vs. saline: 4.067 ± 0.407 s). In hippocampus, PRE-Ga (9 mg/kg) inhibited TNF-α (105.9 ± 5.38 vs. PTZ: 133.5 ± 7.62 pmol/g) and malondialdehyde (MDA) (473.6 ± 60.51) in the chronic model. PTZ increased glial fibrillar acid proteins (GFAP) and Iba-1 in hippocampus, which was reversed by PRE-Ga (GFAP: 1.9 ± 0.23 vs PTZ: 3.1 ± 1.3 and Iba-1: 2.2 ± 0.8 vs PTZ: 3.2 ± 1.4). PRE-Ga presents neuroprotector effect in the mice model of epilepsy induced by pentylenetetrazole reducing seizures, gliosis, inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gislei Frota Aragão
- Superior Institute of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Ceará, 60714-903 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Gonçalves Pereira
- Superior Institute of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Ceará, 60714-903 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | - Deysi Viviana Tenazoa Wong
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, 60455-760 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | - Pedro Marcos Gomes Soares
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, 60455-760 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Maria Sampaio Assreuy
- Superior Institute of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Ceará, 60714-903 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Edna Maria Camelo Chaves
- Superior Institute of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Ceará, 60714-903 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
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Silva LNR, Oliveira ECP, Baratto LC. Amazonian useful plants described in the book "Le Pays des Amazones" (1885) of the Brazilian propagandist Baron de Santa-Anna Nery: a historical and ethnobotanical perspective. JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2024; 20:26. [PMID: 38409064 PMCID: PMC10897987 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-024-00663-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frederico José de Santa-Anna Nery (1848-1901) was a Brazilian Baron who referred to himself as a "volunteer propagandist" for Brazil in Europe, serving as an immigration agent to publicize the living conditions in the Amazon region, advocating for its development and modernization at the end of the nineteenth century. Santa-Anna Nery's most famous book is "Le Pays des Amazones" (The Lands of the Amazons), first published in 1885, which the author dedicated a chapter to introduce and report on the Amazonian useful plant species and its relationship with humans. The aim of this work is to understand the historical context and ethnobotanical value of the plant species in the Brazilian Amazon at the end of the nineteenth century through an analysis of the book "Le Pays des Amazones" (1885) by Baron de Santa-Anna Nery, as well as to bring to light the historical importance of this very influential propagandist, who has been forgotten nowadays. METHODS The original book "Le Pays des Amazones" (1885), as well as the original 3rd edition and its translated version into Portuguese, was carefully analyzed and all information about plants was systematized, with botanical names being updated. Finally, using the scientific name of medicinal plants alone or in combination with their traditional use, a search was carried out in databases in order to indicate current pharmacological studies that provide evidence about the described traditional uses. RESULTS A total of 156 plant species were identified in the book, although 132 species had their scientific names updated. These species belong to 45 different families, with Fabaceae and Arecaceae the most represented, and 109 plants are Brazilian native. Considering only the 36 medicinal plants, the main medicinal indications reported were astringent, purgative/laxative, stimulant and tonic, vermifuge, febrifuge, sudorific, emetic, diuretic and antidysenteric. Regarding other useful plants (non-medicinal), 97 species were cited for food, constructions and buildings, spices and condiments, ornaments and objects, carpentry, textile fibers, gums, oils, balms and essences, pigments and tanning, hunting and fishing. CONCLUSIONS When the book "Le Pays des Amazones" is analyzed from a timeless perspective, with a particular focus on historical ethnobotany, it is possible to observe the economic, social, and political importance of many useful plants for the Amazon at the end of the nineteenth century and how the relationship between local people, indigenous communities, and immigrants was established with plant biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas N R Silva
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, Post-Graduate Program in Biosciences, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará (UFOPA), Santarém, Pará (PA), Brazil
| | - Elaine C P Oliveira
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, Post-Graduate Program in Biosciences, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará (UFOPA), Santarém, Pará (PA), Brazil
| | - Leopoldo C Baratto
- Laboratory of Applied Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil.
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Araujo DFD, Holanda BF, Nascimento FLFD, Martins AB, Silva ALM, Pereira MG, Freitas Pires AD, Assreuy AMS. Polysaccharide-rich extract of Genipa americana leaves exerts anti-inflammatory effects modulated by platelet mediators. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117234. [PMID: 37793578 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Genipa americana L. (Rubiaceae) leaves are traditionally used to treat fever, pharyngitis, healing, luxation and bruises. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of the polysaccharide-rich extract of G. americana leaves (PE-Ga) in acute inflammation models and underlying mechanisms associated with platelet activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rats received PE-Ga (0.3-3.0 mg/kg; IV) 30 min before injection (IP or SC) of zymosan, serotonin, PGE2, PLA2, PAF or L-arginine, and evaluated in the models of paw edema and acute peritonits. The blockage of plasma serotonin reuptake into platelets was performed with fluoxetine (40 mg/kg; IP). RESULTS In vitro, PE-Ga inhibited ADP-induced platelet aggregation up to 49%. In the edema model, PE-Ga reduced (41%) the time-course of the edema induced by zymosan, mainly the last phase (62%), as well as that induced by PLA2 (32%), PAF (35%), L-arginine (36%), PGE2 (49%) or serotonin (54% AUC); and reversed paw hypernociception induced by PGE2 or serotonin. In the peritonitis model, PE-Ga reversed abdominal hypernociception and reduced leukocyte migration induced by zymosan to blood (38%) and peritoneal cavity (55%), mainly neutrophils (70%). PE-GA also decreased leukocyte rolling (32%) and adhesion (47%), and increased the rolling velocity 2.2-fold. In the peritoneal fluid, PE-Ga reversed P-selectin and reduced total proteins (17%), MDA (40%), NO2-/NO3- (27%), and MPO activity (43%) but increased catalase activity 3.3-fold compared to zymosan. In addition, fluoxetine reversed PE-Ga anti-inflammatory effect on leukocyte migration and adhesion. CONCLUSIONS PE-Ga exerts antiplatelet and anti-inflammatory effects in acute inflammation induced by zymosan, being modulated by P-selectin and platelet serotonin, among other inflammatory mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Freitas de Araujo
- Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Estadual Do Ceará, Av. Dr. Silas Munguba 1700, Fortaleza, CE, 60740-000, Brazil
| | - Bianca Feitosa Holanda
- Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Estadual Do Ceará, Av. Dr. Silas Munguba 1700, Fortaleza, CE, 60740-000, Brazil
| | | | - Alice Brito Martins
- Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Estadual Do Ceará, Av. Dr. Silas Munguba 1700, Fortaleza, CE, 60740-000, Brazil; Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Centro Universitário Estácio Do Ceará, Unidade Centro, Av. Duque de Caxias 101, Fortaleza, CE, 60035-111, Brazil
| | - Alefe Lopes Macario Silva
- Faculdade de Educação, Ciências e Letras Do Sertão Central, Universidade Estadual Do Ceará, Rua José de Queiroz 2554, Quixadá, CE, 63900-000, Brazil
| | - Maria Gonçalves Pereira
- Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Estadual Do Ceará, Av. Dr. Silas Munguba 1700, Fortaleza, CE, 60740-000, Brazil; Faculdade de Educação, Ciências e Letras Do Sertão Central, Universidade Estadual Do Ceará, Rua José de Queiroz 2554, Quixadá, CE, 63900-000, Brazil
| | - Alana de Freitas Pires
- Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Estadual Do Ceará, Av. Dr. Silas Munguba 1700, Fortaleza, CE, 60740-000, Brazil; Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Centro Universitário Estácio Do Ceará, Unidade Centro, Av. Duque de Caxias 101, Fortaleza, CE, 60035-111, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Sampaio Assreuy
- Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Estadual Do Ceará, Av. Dr. Silas Munguba 1700, Fortaleza, CE, 60740-000, Brazil.
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Assis RCD, Monteiro GR, Valentim AB, Maia CSC, Felipe SMDS, Freitas Rabelo CA, Ceccatto VM, Alves CR. Biological properties of bioactive compounds from the fruit and leaves of the genipap tree (Genipa americana L.): A systematic review. FOOD BIOSCI 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2023.102514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
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Gonzalez-Pastor R, Carrera-Pacheco SE, Zúñiga-Miranda J, Rodríguez-Pólit C, Mayorga-Ramos A, Guamán LP, Barba-Ostria C. Current Landscape of Methods to Evaluate Antimicrobial Activity of Natural Extracts. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031068. [PMID: 36770734 PMCID: PMC9920787 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural extracts have been and continue to be used to treat a wide range of medical conditions, from infectious diseases to cancer, based on their convenience and therapeutic potential. Natural products derived from microbes, plants, and animals offer a broad variety of molecules and chemical compounds. Natural products are not only one of the most important sources for innovative drug development for animal and human health, but they are also an inspiration for synthetic biology and chemistry scientists towards the discovery of new bioactive compounds and pharmaceuticals. This is particularly relevant in the current context, where antimicrobial resistance has risen as a global health problem. Thus, efforts are being directed toward studying natural compounds' chemical composition and bioactive potential to generate drugs with better efficacy and lower toxicity than existing molecules. Currently, a wide range of methodologies are used to analyze the in vitro activity of natural extracts to determine their suitability as antimicrobial agents. Despite traditional technologies being the most employed, technological advances have contributed to the implementation of methods able to circumvent issues related to analysis capacity, time, sensitivity, and reproducibility. This review produces an updated analysis of the conventional and current methods to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of natural compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Gonzalez-Pastor
- Biomedical Research Center (CENBIO), Eugenio Espejo School of Health Sciences, Universidad UTE, Quito 170527, Ecuador
| | - Saskya E. Carrera-Pacheco
- Biomedical Research Center (CENBIO), Eugenio Espejo School of Health Sciences, Universidad UTE, Quito 170527, Ecuador
| | - Johana Zúñiga-Miranda
- Biomedical Research Center (CENBIO), Eugenio Espejo School of Health Sciences, Universidad UTE, Quito 170527, Ecuador
| | - Cristina Rodríguez-Pólit
- Biomedical Research Center (CENBIO), Eugenio Espejo School of Health Sciences, Universidad UTE, Quito 170527, Ecuador
| | - Arianna Mayorga-Ramos
- Biomedical Research Center (CENBIO), Eugenio Espejo School of Health Sciences, Universidad UTE, Quito 170527, Ecuador
| | - Linda P. Guamán
- Biomedical Research Center (CENBIO), Eugenio Espejo School of Health Sciences, Universidad UTE, Quito 170527, Ecuador
- Correspondence: (L.P.G.); (C.B.-O.)
| | - Carlos Barba-Ostria
- School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Universidad San Francisco de Quito (USFQ), Quito 170901, Ecuador
- Correspondence: (L.P.G.); (C.B.-O.)
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Crotti AEM, Pagotti MC, Candido ACBB, Marçal MG, Vieira TM, Groppo M, Silva MLA, Ferreira DS, Esperandim VR, Magalhães LG. Trypanocidal Activity of Dysphania ambrosioides, Lippia alba, and Tetradenia riparia Essential Oils against Trypanosoma cruzi. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2100678. [PMID: 34669244 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Despite the current treatments against Chagas Disease (CD), this vector-borne parasitic disease remains a serious public health concern. In this study, we have explored the in vitro and/or in vivo trypanocidal and cytotoxic activities of the essential oils (EOs) obtained from Dysphania ambrosioides (L.) Mosyakin & Clemants (Amaranthaceae) (DA-EO), Lippia alba (Mill.) N.E. Brown (Verbenaceae) (LA-EO), and Tetradenia riparia (Hochst.) Codd (Lamiaceae) (TR-EO) grown in Brazil Southeast. DA-EO was the most active against the trypomastigote and amastigote forms in vitro; the IC50 values were 8.7 and 12.2 μg mL-1 , respectively. The EOs displayed moderate toxicity against LLCMK2 cells, but the DA-EO showed high selectivity index (SI) for trypomastigote (SI=33.2) and amastigote (SI=11.7) forms. Treatment with 20 mg/kg DA-EO, LA-EO, or TR-EO for 20 days by intraperitoneal administration reduced parasitemia by 6.36 %, 4.74 %, and 32.68 % on day 7 and by 12.04 %, 27.96 %, and 65.5 % on day 9. These results indicated that DA-EO, LA-EO, and TR-EO have promising trypanocidal potential in vitro, whereas TR-EO has also potential trypanocidal effects in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antônio E M Crotti
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, CEP 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana C Pagotti
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade de Franca, Dr. Armando Salles Oliveira 201, CEP 14404-600, Franca, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana C B B Candido
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade de Franca, Dr. Armando Salles Oliveira 201, CEP 14404-600, Franca, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria G Marçal
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade de Franca, Dr. Armando Salles Oliveira 201, CEP 14404-600, Franca, SP, Brazil
| | - Tatiana M Vieira
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, CEP 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Milton Groppo
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, CEP 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Márcio L A Silva
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade de Franca, Dr. Armando Salles Oliveira 201, CEP 14404-600, Franca, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniele S Ferreira
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade de Franca, Dr. Armando Salles Oliveira 201, CEP 14404-600, Franca, SP, Brazil
| | - Viviane R Esperandim
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade de Franca, Dr. Armando Salles Oliveira 201, CEP 14404-600, Franca, SP, Brazil
| | - Lizandra G Magalhães
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade de Franca, Dr. Armando Salles Oliveira 201, CEP 14404-600, Franca, SP, Brazil
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Galvão BVD, Araujo-Lima CF, Santos MCPD, Seljan MP, Carrão-Dantas EK, Aiub CAF, Cameron LC, Ferreira MSL, Andrade Gonçalves ÉCBD, Felzenszwalb I. Plinia cauliflora (Mart.) Kausel (Jaboticaba) leaf extract: In vitro anti-Trypanosoma cruzi activity, toxicity assessment and phenolic-targeted UPLC-MS E metabolomic analysis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 277:114217. [PMID: 34038800 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Plinia cauliflora (Mart.) Kausel, known as Brazilian grape or jaboticaba, is widely used in Brazilian traditional medicine to treat infectious and inflammatory disorders. However, several aspects of its biological potential remain unclear, such as toxicity and effects on pathogenic protozoa. AIM OF THE STUDY Investigate the phenolic composition, the in vitro and in silico toxicity profile, and the anti-Trypanosoma cruzi activity of the phenolics-enriched hydromethanolic extract of P. cauliflora leaf. MATERIAL AND METHODS Phytochemical analysis was performed ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MSE). Mutagenicity, genotoxicity and eukaryotic cytotoxicity was evaluated by Ames test, cytokinesis-block micronucleus and colorimetric assays, respectively, alongside with a computational prediction of the major compound's pharmacokinetics and toxicity. Anti-T. cruzi activity was investigated on T. cruzi bloodstream trypomastigotes. RESULTS A total of 14 phenolic compounds were identified, including 11 flavonoids and 2 phenolic acids. No positive response regarding mutagenic potential was detected in Salmonella strains TA97, TA98, TA100, TA102, TA104, both in absence or presence of metabolic activation. The extract induced significant dose-response reduction on nuclear division indexes of HepG2 cells, suggesting cytostatic effects, with no micronuclei induction on cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay. Likewise, it also presented cytotoxic effects, inducing HepG2 and F C3H dose and time dependently cell death through cell membrane damage and more evidently by mitochondrial dysfunction. A dose-response curve of in vitro trypanocidal activity was observed against T. cruzi bloodstream trypomastigotes after 2 and 24 h of exposure. In silico predictions of most abundant compounds' structural alerts, pharmacokinetics and toxicity profile indicates a moderately feasible druglikeness profile and low toxicity for them, which is compatible with in vitro results. CONCLUSIONS The present study demonstrated that P. cauliflora leaf extract is a potential source of antiparasitic bioactive compounds, however it presents cytotoxic effects in liver cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Verena Dias Galvão
- Laboratory of Environmental Mutagenesis, Department of Biophysics and Biometry, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carlos Fernando Araujo-Lima
- Laboratory of Environmental Mutagenesis, Department of Biophysics and Biometry, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Laboratory of Cell Biology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | | | - Mariana Pulmar Seljan
- Laboratory of Bioactives, Nutritional Biochemistry Core, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Kennedy Carrão-Dantas
- Laboratory of Environmental Mutagenesis, Department of Biophysics and Biometry, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Luiz Claudio Cameron
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Department, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Laboratory of Protein Biochemistry, Center of Innovation in Mass Spectrometry, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mariana Simões Larraz Ferreira
- Laboratory of Bioactives, Nutritional Biochemistry Core, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Laboratory of Protein Biochemistry, Center of Innovation in Mass Spectrometry, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Israel Felzenszwalb
- Laboratory of Environmental Mutagenesis, Department of Biophysics and Biometry, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Ethnopharmacology of Fruit Plants: A Literature Review on the Toxicological, Phytochemical, Cultural Aspects, and a Mechanistic Approach to the Pharmacological Effects of Four Widely Used Species. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25173879. [PMID: 32858815 PMCID: PMC7504726 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25173879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fruit plants have been widely used by the population as a source of food, income and in the treatment of various diseases due to their nutritional and pharmacological properties. The aim of this study was to review information from the most current research about the phytochemical composition, biological and toxicological properties of four fruit species widely used by the world population in order to support the safe medicinal use of these species and encourage further studies on their therapeutic properties. The reviewed species are: Talisia esculenta, Brosimum gaudichaudii, Genipa americana, and Bromelia antiacantha. The review presents the botanical description of these species, their geographical distribution, forms of use in popular medicine, phytochemical studies and molecules isolated from different plant organs. The description of the pharmacological mechanism of action of secondary metabolites isolated from these species was detailed and toxicity studies related to them were reviewed. The present study demonstrates the significant concentration of phenolic compounds in these species and their anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, photosensitizing properties, among others. Such species provide important molecules with pharmacological activity that serve as raw materials for the development of new drugs, making further studies necessary to elucidate mechanisms of action not yet understood and prove the safety for use in humans.
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Epiphanies of well-known and newly discovered macromolecular carbohydrates – A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 156:51-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.04.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Per oral rat treatment with glyconjugate fractions of Genipa americana leaves protects thrombus formation. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 2020; 31:107-110. [DOI: 10.1097/mbc.0000000000000880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Madeira JC, da Silva GV, Batista JJ, Saraiva GD, Santos GR, Assreuy AMS, Mourão PA, Pereira MG. An arabinogalactan-glycoconjugate from Genipa americana leaves present anticoagulant, antiplatelet and antithrombotic effects. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 202:554-562. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Nonato DTT, Vasconcelos SMM, Mota MRL, de Barros Silva PG, Cunha AP, Ricardo NMPS, Pereira MG, Assreuy AMS, Chaves EMC. The anticonvulsant effect of a polysaccharide-rich extract from Genipa americana leaves is mediated by GABA receptor. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 101:181-187. [PMID: 29486336 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.02.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to chemically characterize a polysaccharide-rich extract (PRE) obtained from Genipa americana leaves and evaluate its neuroprotective effect in the brain morphology and oxidative markers using mice behavioral models. METHODS Dry powder (5 g) of G. americana leaves were submitted to depigmentation in methanol. PRE was obtained by extraction in NaOH and precipitation with absolute ethanol and characterized by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (1H and 13C NMR). Swiss mice (25-35 g) received saline (0.9% NaCl) or PRE (1-27 mg/kg) by intraperitoneal (i.p.) route, 30 min before evaluation in behavioral models (open field, elevated plus maze, sleeping time, tail suspension, forced swimming, seizures induced by pentylenetetrazole-PTZ). Animal's brain were dissected and analyzed for histological alterations and oxidative stress. RESULTS FTIR spectrum showed bands around 3417 cm-1 and 2928 cm-1, relative to the vibrational stretching of OH and CH, respectively. 1H NMR spectrum revealed signals at δ 3.85 (methoxyl groups) and δ 2.4 (acetyl) ppm. 13C NMR spectrum revealed signals at δ 108.0 and δ 61.5 ppm, corresponding to C1 and C5 of α-L-arabinofuranosyl residues. PRE presented central inhibitory effect, increasing the latency for PTZ-induced seizures by 63% (9 mg/kg) and 55% (27 mg/kg), and the latency to death by 73% (9 mg/kg) and 72% (27 mg/kg). Both effects were reversed by the association with flumazenil. CONCLUSIONS PRE, containing a heteropolysaccharide, presents antioxidant and anticonvulsant effect in the model of PTZ-induced seizures via gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), decreasing the number of hippocampal black neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayanne Terra Tenório Nonato
- Superior Institute of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Ceara, Av. Dr. Silas Munguba, 1700, Itaperi, 60714-903, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| | - Silvânia Maria Mendes Vasconcelos
- Departament of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceara, Rua Coronel Nunes Valente, 1127, Rodolfo Teófilo, 607430-970, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| | - Mário Rogério Lima Mota
- Department of Oral Pathology and Clinical Stomatology of Federal University of Ceara, Rua Coronel Nunes Valente, 1127, Rodolfo Teófilo, 607430-970, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| | - Paulo Goberlânio de Barros Silva
- Department of Oral Pathology and Clinical Stomatology of Federal University of Ceara, Rua Coronel Nunes Valente, 1127, Rodolfo Teófilo, 607430-970, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| | - Arcelina Pacheco Cunha
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Federal University of Ceara, Rua Humberto Monte, S/N, Campus de PICI, 60440554, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| | - Nágila Maria Pontes Silva Ricardo
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Federal University of Ceara, Rua Humberto Monte, S/N, Campus de PICI, 60440554, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| | - Maria Gonçalves Pereira
- Superior Institute of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Ceara, Av. Dr. Silas Munguba, 1700, Itaperi, 60714-903, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Faculty of Education Science and Letters of the Hinterland, Rua José de Queiroz Pessoa, 2554 - Planalto Universitário, 63.900-000, Quixadá, CE, Brazil.
| | - Ana Maria Sampaio Assreuy
- Superior Institute of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Ceara, Av. Dr. Silas Munguba, 1700, Itaperi, 60714-903, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| | - Edna Maria Camelo Chaves
- Superior Institute of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Ceara, Av. Dr. Silas Munguba, 1700, Itaperi, 60714-903, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
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