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Zhou J, Wang J, Wang J, Li D, Hou J, Li J, Bai Y, Gao J. An inulin-type fructan CP-A from Codonopsis pilosula attenuates experimental colitis in mice by promoting autophagy-mediated inactivation of NLRP3 inflammasome. Chin J Nat Med 2024; 22:249-264. [PMID: 38553192 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(24)60556-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Inulin-type fructan CP-A, a predominant polysaccharide in Codonopsis pilosula, demonstrates regulatory effects on immune activity and anti-inflammation. The efficacy of CP-A in treating ulcerative colitis (UC) is, however, not well-established. This study employed an in vitro lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced colonic epithelial cell model (NCM460) and an in vivo dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model to explore CP-A's protective effects against experimental colitis and its underlying mechanisms. We monitored the clinical symptoms in mice using various parameters: body weight, disease activity index (DAI), colon length, spleen weight, and histopathological scores. Additionally, molecular markers were assessed through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), immunofluorescence (IF), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and Western blotting assays. Results showed that CP-A significantly reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interleukins (IL-6, IL-1β, IL-18) in LPS-induced cells while increasing IL-4 and IL-10 levels and enhancing the expression of Claudin-1, ZO-1, and occludin proteins in NCM460 cells. Correspondingly, in vivo findings revealed that CP-A administration markedly improved DAI, reduced colon shortening, and decreased the production of myeloperoxidase (MPO), malondialdehyde (MDA), ROS, IL-1β, IL-18, and NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome-associated genes/proteins in UC mice. CP-A treatment also elevated glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels, stimulated autophagy (LC3B, P62, Beclin-1, and ATG5), and reinforced Claudin-1 and ZO-1 expression, thereby aiding in intestinal epithelial barrier repair in colitis mice. Notably, the inhibition of autophagy via chloroquine (CQ) diminished CP-A's protective impact against colitis in vivo. These findings elucidate that CP-A's therapeutic effect on experimental colitis possibly involves mitigating intestinal inflammation through autophagy-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome inactivation. Consequently, inulin-type fructan CP-A emerges as a promising drug candidate for UC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangtao Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong 030600, China
| | - Jun Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong 030600, China
| | - Jiajing Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong 030600, China
| | - Deyun Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong 030600, China
| | - Jing Hou
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong 030600, China
| | - Jiankuan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong 030600, China
| | - Yun'e Bai
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong 030600, China
| | - Jianping Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong 030600, China.
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Xiang L, Huang Q, Chen T, He Q, Yao H, Gao Y. Ethanol extract of Paridis rhizoma attenuates carrageenan-induced paw swelling in rats by inhibiting the production of inflammatory factors. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:437. [PMID: 38049800 PMCID: PMC10696755 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04264-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Inflammation has been identified as a key factor contributing to the development of numerous diseases. Several anti-inflammatory drugs have been developed to treat inflammation-related diseases. However, some of such drugs are associated with varying degrees of side effects. Therefore, it is imperative to develop new anti-inflammatory drugs with reducing side effects for the treatment of inflammation-related diseases. Natural anti-inflammatory drugs have emerged as an important area of research in recent years. The study was to determine the anti-inflammatory mechanism of Paridis rhizoma extract (PRE) in rat models of acute inflammation induced by carrageenan and RAW264.7 cells models induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). MATERIALS AND METHODS PRE was investigated using the carrageenan-induced paw oedema model on rats in vivo. Histopathology examined the extent of inflammatory infiltration and tissue damage. The effect of PRE on the levels of specific cytokines was determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The Cell Counting Kit (CCK)-8 assay evaluated the cytotoxic effects of PRE on Raw264.7 cells. The mRNA expression levels of cytokines were quantified using quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Western blot measured TNF-α, IL6, TLR4, p-P65, p-IKB, HO1, SOD1 and SOD2. Fluorescence measured the cellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). RESULTS PRE treatment reduced interstitial edema and structural damage in a dose-dependent manner in vivo. PRE inhibited inflammatory responses in vivo and in vitro, as evidenced by the decreased expression of inflammatory factors, production of ROS, and increased expression of SOD1, SOD2, and HO1. Moreover, PRE inhibited the activity of the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) pathway. CONCLUSION The anti-inflammatory activity and potential mechanism of PRE were demonstrated according to the results. PRE reduced LPS-induced inflammation in RAW264.7 cells by inhibiting the NF-KB signaling pathway and ROS production in vitro. PRE alleviated interstitial edema and structural damage in the carrageenan-induced paw edema model on rats in vivo. This study provided an idea for future development of PR-based anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xiang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Qinwan Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Cheng du University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Qingman He
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Huan Yao
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China.
- Sichuan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Innovative Re-Development of Famous Classical Formulas, Pengzhou, 611930, Sichuan, China.
| | - Yongxiang Gao
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China.
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El Far MS, Zakaria AS, Kassem MA, Wedn A, Guimei M, Edward EA. Promising biotherapeutic prospects of different probiotics and their derived postbiotic metabolites: in-vitro and histopathological investigation. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:122. [PMID: 37138240 PMCID: PMC10155454 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-02866-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Probiotics and their derived postbiotics, as cell-free supernatants (CFS), are gaining a solid reputation owing to their prodigious health-promoting effects. Probiotics play a valuable role in the alleviation of various diseases among which are infectious diseases and inflammatory disorders. In this study, three probiotic strains, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus, and Pediococcus acidilactici, were isolated from marketed dietary supplements. The antimicrobial activity of the isolated probiotic strains as well as their CFS was investigated. The neutralized CFS of the isolated probiotics were tested for their antibiofilm potential. The anti-inflammatory activity of the isolated Lactobacillus spp., together with their CFS, was studied in the carrageenan-induced rat paw edema model in male Wistar rats. To the best of our knowledge, such a model was not previously experimented to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of the CFS of probiotics. The histopathological investigation was implemented to assess the anti-inflammatory prospect of the isolated L. plantarum and L. rhamnosus strains as well as their CFS. RESULTS The whole viable probiotics and their CFS showed variable growth inhibition of the tested indicator strains using the agar overlay method and the microtiter plate assay, respectively. When tested for virulence factors, the probiotic strains were non-hemolytic lacking both deoxyribonuclease and gelatinase enzymes. However, five antibiotic resistance genes, blaZ, ermB, aac(6')- aph(2"), aph(3'')-III, and vanX, were detected in all isolates. The neutralized CFS of the isolated probiotics exhibited an antibiofilm effect as assessed by the crystal violet assay. This effect was manifested by hindering the biofilm formation of the tested Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates in addition to P. aeruginosa PAO1 strain. Generally, the cell cultures of the two tested probiotics moderately suppressed the acute inflammation induced by carrageenan compared to indomethacin. Additionally, the studied CFS relatively reduced the inflammatory changes compared to the inflammation control group but less than that observed in the case of the probiotic cultures treated groups. CONCLUSIONS The tested probiotics, along with their CFS, showed promising antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities. Thus, their safety and their potential use as biotherapeutics for bacterial infections and inflammatory conditions are worthy of further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona S El Far
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Azza S Zakaria
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mervat A Kassem
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Abdalla Wedn
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Maha Guimei
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Eva A Edward
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
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Ephedra alata Subsp. Alenda as a Novel Source of Bioactive Phytochemicals: Characterization Based on the Mass Spectrometry and Profiling of Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Properties. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020323. [PMID: 36836680 PMCID: PMC9961366 DOI: 10.3390/life13020323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to examine, for the first time, the phytochemical content of Ephedra alata pulp extract (EAP) and explore its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacities. High-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-QTOF/MS) was used for phytochemical analysis and three in vitro antioxidant assays together with three in vitro anti-inflammatory tests were used for the assessment of biological activity. The HPLC-ESI-QTOF/MS analysis revealed the presence of 42 metabolites, including flavonoids, sphingolipides, fatty acids, ephedrine derivatives, and amino acid derivatives. In vitro findings revealed that EAP has interesting 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), superoxide, and ferrous ion chelating capacities (IC50 values were 0.57 mg/mL, 0.55 mg/mL, and 0.51 mg/mL for DPPH, superoxide radical, and ferrous ion, respectively). Furthermore, EAP showed a noticeable anti-inflammatory ability by inhibiting the two cyclooxygenase isoforms, COX-1 and COX-2 (IC50 of 59.1 and 58.8 µg/mL for COX-1 and COX-2, respectively), preventing protein denaturation (IC50 = 0.51 mg/mL), and protecting membrane stabilization (IC50 = 0.53 mg/mL). The results highlighted the use of Ephedra alata pulp as a potential source of natural compounds with therapeutic effects for the management of inflammatory disorders.
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Rajasree R, Ittiyavirah SP, Poonkuzhi Naseef P, Saheer Kuruniyan M, Elayadeth-Meethal M, Sankar S. The anti-inflammatory properties of the methanolic extract of Cucumis melo Linn. against prostate enlargement in Wistar rats. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:103396. [PMID: 35942162 PMCID: PMC9356295 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.103396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In different parts of the world, Cucumis melo Linn. (C melo) is used for its medicinal properties. The present study examined the effects of a methanolic extract of C melo Linn. (F1 hybrid, MECM) on benign prostatic hyperplasia in adult male Wistar rats and evaluated its anti-inflammatory activity in vivo. MECM treatment reduced prostate weight mildly. Histopathological studies showed that the extract produced a strong protective effect against the development of BPH by testosterone. The MECM also showed protection from testosterone-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). MECM was tested against carrageenan-induced inflammation in rats' paws to determine its anti-inflammatory activity. It was shown that MECM had a pronounced effect on the inflammatory response in the late phase, i.e., one hour after carrageenan injection. Prostaglandins and nitric oxide are primarily responsible for this phase indicating that MECM can modify the production and release of prostaglandin and nitric oxide. A novel formulation containing C melo may be able to treat the conditions mentioned above.
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Affiliation(s)
- R.S. Rajasree
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government Thirumala Devaswom Medical College, Alappuzha 688005, India
| | - Sibi P. Ittiyavirah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Centre for Professional and Advanced Sciences Cheruvandoor, Kottayam 686631, India
| | - Punnoth Poonkuzhi Naseef
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Moulana College of Pharmacy, Perinthalmanna 679321, India
- Corresponding author.
| | - Mohamed Saheer Kuruniyan
- Department of Dental Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammed Elayadeth-Meethal
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Pookode, Wayanad 675621, India
| | - S Sankar
- Department of Pathology, Govt Medical College, Kottayam 686008, India
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Wang L, Je JG, Huang C, Oh JY, Fu X, Wang K, Ahn G, Xu J, Gao X, Jeon YJ. Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Sulfated Polysaccharides Isolated from Codium fragile In Vitro in RAW 264.7 Macrophages and In Vivo in Zebrafish. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20060391. [PMID: 35736194 PMCID: PMC9231178 DOI: 10.3390/md20060391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the anti-inflammatory activity of sulfated polysaccharides isolated from the green seaweed Codium fragile (CFCE-PS) was investigated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages and zebrafish. The results demonstrated that CFCE-PS significantly increased the viability of LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. CFCE-PS remarkably and concentration-dependently reduced the levels of inflammatory molecules including prostaglandin E2, nitric oxide (NO), interleukin-1 beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interleukin-6 in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. In addition, in vivo test results indicated that CFCE-PS effectively reduced reactive oxygen species, cell death, and NO levels in LPS-stimulated zebrafish. Thus, these results indicate that CFCE-PS possesses in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activities and suggest it is a potential ingredient in the functional food and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (L.W.); (X.F.); (K.W.); (J.X.); (X.G.)
| | - Jun-Geon Je
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea;
| | - Caoxing Huang
- Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China;
| | - Jae-Young Oh
- Food Safety and Processing Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan 46083, Korea;
| | - Xiaoting Fu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (L.W.); (X.F.); (K.W.); (J.X.); (X.G.)
| | - Kaiqiang Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (L.W.); (X.F.); (K.W.); (J.X.); (X.G.)
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Breeding Lateolabrax Japonicus, Fujian 355299, China
| | - Ginnae Ahn
- Department of Marine Bio Food Science, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, Korea;
| | - Jiachao Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (L.W.); (X.F.); (K.W.); (J.X.); (X.G.)
| | - Xin Gao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (L.W.); (X.F.); (K.W.); (J.X.); (X.G.)
| | - You-Jin Jeon
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea;
- Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju 63333, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-64-754-3475; Fax: +82-64-756-3493
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Daurisoline alleviated experimental colitis in vivo and in vitro: Involvement of NF-κB and Wnt/β-Catenin pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 108:108714. [PMID: 35366641 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Daurisoline (DS) is one of the most abundant alkaloids extracted from the rhizome of Menispermum Dauricum DC, which is traditionally used to treat inflammatory diseases, especially intestinal inflammation. In this study, we established lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages in vitro and Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mice model in vivo to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of DS and its underlying mechanisms. Disease activity index (DAI) was detected during drug intervention. The colon length, macroscopic changes and histopathological scores were adopted to observe the physiological status and the colon injury. The apoptosis of intestinal mucosa was detected using TUNEL. In addition, involved molecular indicators were measured by ELISA kits, RT-qPCR, immunofluorescence (IF), immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blotting. The vitro experiments indicated that DS significantly suppressed the production of Nitric oxide (NO), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and glutathione (GSH), as well as inhibited the expression of NF-κB signaling pathway in RAW 264.7 cells induced by LPS. Consistent with the vitro experimental results, different doses of DS significantly reduced the incidence of diarrhea, DAI, shortening of the colon, visible damage and histological damage in DSS-induced colitis mice. Moreover, DS treatment decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory mediators cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and interleukin (IL)-1β, and increased the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and IL-10 in colon tissues. RT-qPCR, western blotting and immunofluorescence analyses further demonstrated that DS inhibits the expression of Wnt/β-Catenin pathway. We reported for the first time that DS may be an active ingredient in treating ulcerative colitis. Its mechanism might be related to the regulation of the NF-κB and Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway.
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(E)-9-Octadecenoic Acid Ethyl Ester Derived from Lotus Seedpod Ameliorates Inflammatory Responses by Regulating MAPKs and NF- κB Signalling Pathways in LPS-Induced RAW264.7 Macrophages. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:6731360. [PMID: 35035506 PMCID: PMC8754602 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6731360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is generally considered a key risk factor in the progress of several chronic diseases, such as arthritis, gastritis, and hepatitis. Natural products with anti-inflammatory ability have played a great role in the process of overcoming these inflammatory diseases. In this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory activities of ten natural compounds derived from lotus seedpod and discovered (E)-9-octadecenoic acid ethyl ester (E9OAEE) inhibited the production of nitric oxide (NO) optimally in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 macrophages. Furthermore, we explored the effects of E9OAEE on inflammatory responses and the underlying mechanisms in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages. The results indicated that E9OAEE significantly suppressed the production of NO, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNFα) in a dose-dependent manner. The protein expression and mRNA levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) were inhibited by pretreatment of E9OAEE. Furthermore, E9OAEE restrained the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPKs) family members, ERK, P38, and JNK stimulated by LPS-treated for 30 min and prevented the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) prompted by LPS-treated for 6 h in RAW264.7 macrophages. Taken together, we discovered an anti-inflammatory component from lotus seedpod and identified E9OAEE attenuated the inflammatory response in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages probably by regulating the activation of MAPKs and NF-κB signalling pathways, which would provide some base for the development of new anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Wang L, Yang HW, Ahn G, Fu X, Xu J, Gao X, Jeon YJ. In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Sulfated Polysaccharides Isolated from the Edible Brown Seaweed, Sargassum fulvellum. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:277. [PMID: 34063550 PMCID: PMC8155935 DOI: 10.3390/md19050277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory effects of the sulfated polysaccharides isolated from Sargassum fulvellum (SFPS) were evaluated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages and zebrafish. The results indicated that SFPS improved the viability of LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages from 80.02 to 86.80, 90.09, and 94.62% at the concentration of 25, 50, and 100 µg/mL, respectively. Also, SFPS remarkably and concentration-dependently decreased the production levels of inflammatory molecules including nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-alpha, prostaglandin E2, interleukin-1 beta, and interleukin-6 in LPS-treated RAW 264.7 macrophages. In addition, SFPS significantly inhibited the expression levels of cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase in LPS-treated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Furthermore, the in vivo test results indicated that SFPS improved the survival rate of LPS-treated zebrafish from 53.33 to 56.67, 60.00, and 70.00% at the concentration of 25, 50, and 100 µg/mL, respectively. In addition, SFPS effectively reduced cell death, reactive oxygen species, and NO levels in LPS-stimulated zebrafish. Taken together, these results suggested that SFPS possesses strong in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activities, and could be used as an ingredient to develop anti-inflammatory agents in the functional food and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Hye-Won Yang
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
| | - Ginnae Ahn
- Department of Marine Bio Food Science, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, Korea
| | - Xiaoting Fu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Jiachao Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xin Gao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - You-Jin Jeon
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
- Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju 63333, Korea
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