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Sun X, Zhang X, Li Z, Wang T, Zeng J, Liu Y, Li Z, Li L. Efficient remediation of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and plant-growth promotion with the application of a phosphate-solubilizing compound microbial agent. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 926:171904. [PMID: 38527548 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
The ecotoxic endocrine-disrupting chemical di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is ubiquitous in agricultural soil, posing a serious threat to human health. Here, we report efficient soil-borne DEHP degradation and plant growth promotion by a microbial organic fertilizer GK-PPB prepared by combining a recycled garden waste-kitchen waste compost product with ternary compound microbial agent PPB-MA, composed of Penicillium oxalic MB08F, Pseudomonas simiae MB751, and Bacillus tequilensis MB05B. The combination of MB08F and MB751 provided synergistic phosphorus solubilization, and MB05B enhanced the DEHP degradation capacity of MB08F via bioemulsification. Under optimal conditions (25.70 °C and pH 7.62), PPB-MA achieved a 96.81 % degradation percentage for 1000 mg L-1 DEHP within 5 days. The degradation curve followed first-order kinetics with a half-life of 18.24 to 24.76 h. A complete mineralization pathway was constructed after identifying the degradation intermediates of 2H-labeled DEHP. Evaluation in Caenorhabditis elegans N2 showed that PPB-MA eliminated the ecological toxicity of DEHP. A pakchoi (Brassica chinensis L.) pot experiment demonstrated that GK-PPB promoted phosphorus solubilization and plant growth, reduced soil DEHP residue, and decreased DEHP accumulation in pakchoi, suggesting its potential practical utility in environmentally responsible and safe cultivation of vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhi Li
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Tan Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jie Zeng
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yongxuan Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhe Li
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Lin Li
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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2
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Qu Z, Liu L, Wu X, Guo P, Yu Z, Wang P, Song Y, Zheng S, Liu N. Cadmium-induced reproductive toxicity combined with a correlation to the oogenesis process and competing endogenous RNA networks based on a Caenorhabditis elegans model. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 268:115687. [PMID: 37976926 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of the heavy metal Cadmium (Cd) in the ovaries and placenta can affect the structure and function of these organs and induce female reproductive toxicity. This toxicity may be due to Cd's similarity to estrogen and its ability to disrupt endocrine systems. However, the exact molecular mechanism by which Cd causes reproductive toxicity at the transcriptome level remains poorly understood. Hence, this study aimed to observe Cd-induced reproductive damage at the gene level, scrutinize the repercussions of Cd exposure on oogenesis, and explicate the putative pathogenesis of Cd-induced oogenesis based on Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) as an in vivo model. The results showed that Cd exposure significantly decreased the number of offspring and prolonged the reproductive span of C. elegans. Cd exposure also reduced the number of cells in mitosis and the pachytene and diakinesis stages of meiosis, thereby disrupting oogenesis. Combined with transcriptional sequencing and bioinformatics analysis, a total of 3167 DEmRNAs were identified. Regarding gene expression, cul-6, mum-2, and vang-1 were found to be related to Cd-induced reproductive toxicity, and their competing endogenous RNA networks were constructed. We observed that mutations of mom-2 and vang-1 in the Wnt pathway could induce susceptibility to Cd-caused meiosis injury. In conclusion, the results indicated that Cd could impair the oogenesis of C. elegans and the Wnt pathway might serve as a protective mechanism against Cd reproductive toxicity. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the damaging effects and molecular biological mechanisms of Cd on the human reproductive system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Qu
- School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, PR China
| | - Limin Liu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 540001, PR China
| | - Xiaoliang Wu
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Peisen Guo
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 540001, PR China
| | - Zengli Yu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 540001, PR China
| | - Peixi Wang
- School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, PR China
| | - Yuzhen Song
- School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, PR China
| | - Shanqing Zheng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, PR China.
| | - Nan Liu
- School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, PR China; College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 540001, PR China; Institute of Environment and Health, South China Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518116, PR China.
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3
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Zhang J, Wang L, Liu M, Yu Z. Multi- and trans-generational effects of di-n-octyl phthalate on behavior, lifespan and reproduction of Caenorhabditis elegans through neural regulation and lipid metabolism. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 898:165268. [PMID: 37406686 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Di-n-octyl phthalate (DOP) is one important phthalate analog whose toxicities need comprehensive investigation to fully demonstrate phthalates health risks. In the present study, apical effects of DOP on behavior, lifespan and reproduction and the underlying mechanisms were explored in Caenorhabditis elegans for four consecutive generations (F1 to F4) and the trans-generational effects were also measured in the great-grand-children (T4 and T4') of F1 and F4. Multi-generational results showed that DOP caused both stimulation and inhibition on head swing, body bending, reverse, Omega steering, pharyngeal pump and satiety quiescence. The stimulation and inhibition altered over concentrations and across generations, and the alteration was the greatest in reverse locomotion which showed both concentration-dependent hormesis and trans-hormesis. DOP stimulated lifespan and inhibited reproduction, showing trade-off relationships. Significant trans-generational residual effects were found in T4 and T4' where the exposure was completed eliminated. Moreover, both similar and different effects were found in comparisons between F1 and F4, between F1 and T4, between F4 and T4' and also between T4 and T4'. Further analysis showed close connections between effects of DOP on neurotransmitters (including dopamine, acetylcholine, γ-aminobutyric acid and serotonin) and enzymes in lipid metabolism (including lipase, acetyl CoA carboxylase, fatty acid synthetase, carnitine palmitoyl-transferase, glycerol phosphate acyltransferase and acetyl CoA synthetase). Moreover, the close connections were also found between biochemical and apical effects. Notably, the connections were different in multi- and trans-generational effects, which urged further studies to reveal the response strategies underlying the exposure scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- College of Ecological Technology and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, PR China.
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Ecological Technology and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, PR China; Jiaxing Tongji Institute for Environment, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314051, PR China
| | - Mengbo Liu
- College of Ecological Technology and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, PR China
| | - Zhenyang Yu
- Jiaxing Tongji Institute for Environment, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314051, PR China
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Zhang Y, Li J, Shi W, Lu L, Zhou Q, Zhang H, Liu R, Pu Y, Yin L. Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate induces reproductive toxicity and transgenerational reproductive aging in Caenorhabditis elegans. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 336:122259. [PMID: 37541378 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
With the large-scale production and use of plastic products, the global plastic pollution problem is becoming more and more serious. The plasticizer di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), which is widely used in the production of plastics, has caused great concern for the health of the population. Exposure of organisms to DEHP can cause a variety of health damage, of which reproductive system damage is an important part. At present, there are still few studies on DEHP in reproductive aging, and it is of great significance to explore the role of DEHP in promoting reproductive aging and its underlying mechanism. In this study, the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) was used to preliminarily explore the mechanism of DEHP-induced female reproductive senescence. The results showed that DEHP reduced the number of offspring and gonad area of C. elegans, resulting in shortened reproductive and life span, abnormal phenotypes in somatic gonad structure including the Emo phenotype, the BOW phenotype, a twisted gonad arm, and atrophied oocytes. Biochemical studies showed that DEHP promoted oxidative stress and autophagy in C. elegans. Further, we found the decreased number of offspring, malformed somatic gonad structure, oxidative damage and autophagy induced by DEHP in parental worms can be inheritance to the not directly exposed offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education of China, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jingjing Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education of China, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Wei Shi
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education of China, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Lu Lu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education of China, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Qian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education of China, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Hu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education of China, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Ran Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education of China, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yuepu Pu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education of China, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Lihong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education of China, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
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5
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Qu M, Miao L, Chen H, Zhang X, Wang Y. SKN-1/Nrf2-dependent regulation of mitochondrial homeostasis modulates transgenerational toxicity induced by nanoplastics with different surface charges in Caenorhabditis elegans. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 457:131840. [PMID: 37327611 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The toxic effects of nanoplastics on transgenerational toxicity in environmental organisms and the involved mechanisms remain poorly comprehended. This study aimed to identify the role of SKN-1/Nrf2-dependent regulation of mitochondrial homeostasis in response to transgenerational toxicity caused by changes in nanoplastic surface charges in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). Our results revealed that compared with the wild-type control and PS exposed groups, exposure to PS-NH2 or PS-SOOOH at environmentally relevant concentrations (ERC) of ≥ 1 μg/L caused transgenerational reproductive toxicity, inhibited mitochondrial unfolded protein responses (UPR) by downregulating the transcription levels of hsp-6, ubl-5, dve-1, atfs-1, haf-1, and clpp-1, membrane potential by downregulating phb-1 and phb-2, and promoted mitochondrial apoptosis by downregulating ced-4 and ced-3 and upregulating ced-9, DNA damage by upregulating hus-1, cep-1, egl-1, reactive oxygen species (ROS) by upregulating nduf-7 and nuo-6, ultimately resulting in mitochondrial homeostasis. Additionally, further study indicated that SKN-1/Nrf2 mediated antioxidant response to alleviate PS-induced toxicity in the P0 generation and dysregulated mitochondrial homeostasis to enhance PS-NH2 or PS-SOOOH-induced transgenerational toxicity. Our study highlights the momentous role of SKN-1/Nrf2 mediated mitochondrial homeostasis in the response to nanoplastics caused transgenerational toxicity in environmental organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Qu
- School of Public Health, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China.
| | - Long Miao
- School of Public Health, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - He Chen
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230000, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Innovative Drug Development, Jiangsu Simcere Diagnostics Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Yangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to the School of Clinical Chinese Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
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Li X, Wang Q, Jiang N, Lv H, Liang C, Yang H, Yao X, Wang J. Occurrence, source, ecological risk, and mitigation of phthalates (PAEs) in agricultural soils and the environment: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 220:115196. [PMID: 36592811 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.115196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The widespread distribution of phthalates (PAEs) in agricultural soils is increasing drastically; however, the environmental occurrence and potential risk of PAEs in agricultural systems remain largely unreviewed. In this study, the occurrence, sources, ecotoxicity, exposure risks, and control measures of PAEs contaminants in agricultural soils are summarized, and it is concluded that PAEs have been widely detected and persist in the soil at concentrations ranging from a few μg/kg to tens of mg/kg, with spatial and vertical variations in China. Agrochemicals and atmospheric deposition have largely contributed to the elevated contamination status of PAEs in soils. In addition, PAEs cause multi-level hazards to soil organisms (survival, oxidative damage, genetic and molecular levels, etc.) and further disrupt the normal ecological functions of soil. The health hazards of PAEs to humans are mainly generated through dietary and non-dietary pathways, and children may be at a higher risk of exposure than adults. Improving the soil microenvironment and promoting biochemical reactions and metabolic processes of PAEs are the main mechanisms for mitigating contamination. Based on these reviews, this study provides a valuable framework for determining future study objectives to reveal environmental risks and reduce the resistance control of PAEs in agricultural soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianxu Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271S000, China
| | - Qian Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271S000, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271S000, China; College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712000, China
| | - Huijuan Lv
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271S000, China
| | - Chunliu Liang
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271S000, China
| | - Huiyan Yang
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271S000, China
| | - Xiangfeng Yao
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271S000, China
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271S000, China.
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7
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Yen PL, Yang CR, Huang ML, Lin TA, Liao VHC. Chronic exposure to di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) weakens innate immunity and leads to immunosenescence in C. elegans. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 98:104071. [PMID: 36690191 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), a widespread contaminant, has numerous adverse impacts on human health and ecosystems. Chronic DEHP exposure has been found to accelerate aging; however, its potential threat to age-dependent innate immune decline remains unknown. This study aims to evaluate the effects of chronic DEHP exposure on innate immunosenescence in Caenorhabditis elegans. We show that the length of the exposure period significantly impacts DEHP-induced age-related declines, which is linked to immunosenescence and oxidative stress. We found that the DEHP-caused immunosenescence is accompanied with downregulation of an antimicrobial gene lys-7 as well as an enhancement of the nuclear translocation of HLH-30, an orthologue of mammalian transcription factor EB (TFEB). Moreover, DEHP exposure increases the expression of riok-1, a human RIO kinase homolog, which is associated with DEHP-induced HLH-30/TFEB translocation. Our findings suggest that early-life and chronic exposure to DEHP, mostly due to parent compound rather than its metabolite mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP), may weaken the innate immunity in C. elegans and may enhance susceptibility to infections or promote immunosenescence in aged populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Ling Yen
- Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Cai-Ru Yang
- Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Lun Huang
- Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Ting-An Lin
- Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Vivian Hsiu-Chuan Liao
- Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
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Zhang W, Liu H, Fu G, Li Y, Ji X, Zhang S, Wei M, Qiao K. Exposure to fluopimomide at sublethal doses causes oxidative stress in Caenorhabditis elegans regulated by insulin/insulin-like growth factor 1-like signaling pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2022; 37:2529-2539. [PMID: 35833599 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fluopimomide is an innovative pesticide, widely used for agricultural pest management; however, little is known about its effect on non-target organisms. This study was designed to assess the potential risk of fluopimomide and the molecular mechanisms using Caenorhabditis elegans, a common model animal. The oxidative stress-related indicators were analyzed in C. elegans after exposure to fluopimomide for 24 h at three sublethal doses (0.2, 1.0, and 5.0 mg/L). The results demonstrated that sublethal exposure to fluopimomide adversely affected the nematodes growth, locomotive behaviors, reproduction, and lifespan, accompanying with enhanced of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, lipid and lipofuscin accumulation, and malondialdehyde content. In addition, exposure to fluopimomide significantly inhibited antioxidant systems including superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione S-transferase, and glutathione in the nematodes. Moreover, the expression of oxidative stress-related genes of sod-3, hsp-16.1, gst-4, ctl-2, daf-16, and daf-2 were significantly down-regulated, while the expression of skn-1 was significantly up-regulated. Further evidence revealed that daf-16 and skn-1 mutant strains of C. elegans significantly decreased ROS production upon fluopimomide exposure compared with the wild-type nematodes. Overall, our findings indicated that exposure to fluopimomide at sublethal doses caused oxidative damage, mainly associated with insulin/IGF-1-like signaling pathway in C. elegans. This is the first report of potential toxic effects of fluopimomide even at low concentrations, providing a new insight into the mechanisms of toxicity to C. elegans by fluopimomide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Huimin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanghan Fu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujie Li
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxue Ji
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Shouan Zhang
- Tropical Research and Education Center, Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, IFAS, Homestead, Florida, USA
| | - Min Wei
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Kang Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, People's Republic of China
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Ni S, Zhang H, Sun L, Zhao Y, Pei C, Nie Y, Liu X, Wu L, Xu A. Transgenerational reproductive toxicity of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and its metabolite 4-ADNT in Caenorhabditis elegans. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 92:103865. [PMID: 35436606 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2022.103865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) as an energetic compound widely used in military applications has aroused great concerns in recent years due to its large-scale contamination in soil and water; however, its toxicity is still largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the reproductive toxicity and the transgenerational effects of TNT on Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). Our data showed that exposure to TNT at concentrations ranging from 10 to 100 ng/mL resulted in decreasing the lifespan, brood size, number of oocytes and eggs in uterus, while increasing the number of germ cell apoptosis in C. elegans. The apoptotic effects of TNT were blocked in mutants of cep-1 (w40), egl-1 (n487), and hus-1 (op241), indicating conserved genotoxic response genes was involved in mediating TNT-induced germ cell apoptosis. Parental exposure to TNT significantly increased the germ cell apoptosis from P0 to F2 generation, but the toxicity faded away in F3 and F4 generations. Furthermore, TNT was rapidly metabolized in P0, and the accumulation of 4-aminodinitrotoluene (4-ADNT), the main metabolite of TNT in C. elegans, showed a significant decrease from P0 to F1 and a slow decrease in the subsequent generations. Our results demonstrated that ingested TNT can cause severe transgenerational reproductive toxicity and be rapidly converted to 4-ADNT in the nematodes. These data provided basis for future studies on the effects of energetic compounds across generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenyao Ni
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Huijun Zhang
- Institute of Polar Environment & Anhui Key Laboratory of Polar Environment and Global Change, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, PR China
| | - Lingyan Sun
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Yanan Zhao
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Chengcheng Pei
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Yaguang Nie
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, PR China.
| | - Xiaodong Liu
- Institute of Polar Environment & Anhui Key Laboratory of Polar Environment and Global Change, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, PR China
| | - Lijun Wu
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - An Xu
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, PR China; Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, PR China.
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10
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Huang Y, Du X, Liu T, Liu Q. siRNA@superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles attenuate physiological toxicity of DEHP by suppressing autophagy pathway activities in Caenorhabditis elegans. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 229:113083. [PMID: 34915219 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.113083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Bis(2-ethylhexyl)ortho-phthalate (DEHP) is a widely used plasticizer in polyvinyl chloride materials. Considering its widespread application, it has become a major environmental pollutant and can cause endocrine, reproductive system, and gastrointestinal disorders. Herein we aimed to elucidate the mechanisms via which DEHP causes cytotoxicity in Caenorhabditis elegans and assess whether siRNA@superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) can attenuate this effect. On exposing C. elegans to 10 μM DEHP, its physiological functions and gene expression levels were markedly affected. RNA-seq and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses indicated that DEHP exposure significantly activated the autophagy-animal signal transduction pathway in the somatic cells of C. elegans. Subsequently, the surface of SPIONs was loaded with siRNAs and transfected into C. elegans. Transmission electron microscopy showed that SPIONs could smoothly enter the somatic cells of C. elegans. Further, qPCR showed that the expression levels of autophagy pathway-related genes, namely Atg-2, Epg-9, Atg-18, Bec-1, and Atg-16.2, in the siRNA@SPION intervention group were significantly lower than those in the control group. Biochemical and physiological test results suggested that siRNA@SPION complexes attenuated DEHP-induced physiological toxicity and oxidative stress damage in C. elegans. Collectively, our findings indicated that DEHP markedly affects the physiological activity of C. elegans, induces changes in gene expression levels, and activates the autophagy signal transduction pathway and that siRNA@SPION complexes suppress such toxic effects by silencing the expression of genes involved in the autophagy signal transduction pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongyi Huang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xiling Du
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Te Liu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; Shanghai Geriatric Institute of Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200031, China.
| | - Qiang Liu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
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Junk food-induced obesity- a growing threat to youngsters during the pandemic. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 26:100364. [PMID: 34580647 PMCID: PMC8459649 DOI: 10.1016/j.obmed.2021.100364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Obesity has been declared an epidemic that does not discriminate based on age, gender, or ethnicity and thus needs urgent containment and management. Since the third wave of COVID-19 is expected to affect children the most, these children and adolescents should be more cautious while having junk foods, during covid situations due to the compromise of Immunity in the individuals and further exacerbating the organ damage. Methodology A PAN India survey organized by the Centre for Science and Environment (CSE) among 13,274 children between the ages 9–14 years reported that 93% of the children ate packed food and 68% consumed packaged sweetened beverages more than once a week, and 53% ate these products at least once in a day. Almost 25% of the School going children take ultra-processed food with high levels of sugar, salt, fat, such as pizza and burgers, from fast food outlets more than once a week. Children and adolescents who consume more junk food or addicted to such consumption might be even more vulnerable during the third wave, which will significantly affect the younger category. Conclusion There is an urgent need to spread awareness among children and young adults about these adverse effects of junk food. There is no better time than now to build a supportive environment nurturing children and young adults in society and promising good health.
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