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Torcasio R, Gallo Cantafio ME, Veneziano C, De Marco C, Ganino L, Valentino I, Occhiuzzi MA, Perrotta ID, Mancuso T, Conforti F, Rizzuti B, Martino EA, Gentile M, Neri A, Viglietto G, Grande F, Amodio N. Targeting of mitochondrial fission through natural flavanones elicits anti-myeloma activity. J Transl Med 2024; 22:208. [PMID: 38413989 PMCID: PMC10898065 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05013-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial alterations, often dependent on unbalanced mitochondrial dynamics, feature in the pathobiology of human cancers, including multiple myeloma (MM). Flavanones are natural flavonoids endowed with mitochondrial targeting activities. Herein, we investigated the capability of Hesperetin (Hes) and Naringenin (Nar), two aglycones of Hesperidin and Naringin flavanone glycosides, to selectively target Drp1, a pivotal regulator of mitochondrial dynamics, prompting anti-MM activity. METHODS Molecular docking analyses were performed on the crystallographic structure of Dynamin-1-like protein (Drp1), using Hes and Nar molecular structures. Cell viability and apoptosis were assessed in MM cell lines, or in co-culture systems with primary bone marrow stromal cells, using Cell Titer Glo and Annexin V-7AAD staining, respectively; clonogenicity was determined using methylcellulose colony assays. Transcriptomic analyses were carried out using the Ion AmpliSeq™ platform; mRNA and protein expression levels were determined by quantitative RT-PCR and western blotting, respectively. Mitochondrial architecture was assessed by transmission electron microscopy. Real time measurement of oxygen consumption was performed by high resolution respirometry in living cells. In vivo anti-tumor activity was evaluated in NOD-SCID mice subcutaneously engrafted with MM cells. RESULTS Hes and Nar were found to accommodate within the GTPase binding site of Drp1, and to inhibit Drp1 expression and activity, leading to hyperfused mitochondria with reduced OXPHOS. In vitro, Hes and Nar reduced MM clonogenicity and viability, even in the presence of patient-derived bone marrow stromal cells, triggering ER stress and apoptosis. Interestingly, Hes and Nar rewired MM cell metabolism through the down-regulation of master transcriptional activators (SREBF-1, c-MYC) of lipogenesis genes. An extract of Tacle, a Citrus variety rich in Hesperidin and Naringin, was capable to recapitulate the phenotypic and molecular perturbations of each flavanone, triggering anti-MM activity in vivo. CONCLUSION Hes and Nar inhibit proliferation, rewire the metabolism and induce apoptosis of MM cells via antagonism of the mitochondrial fission driver Drp1. These results provide a framework for the development of natural anti-MM therapeutics targeting aberrant mitochondrial dependencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Torcasio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, Campus Germaneto, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Cosenza, Italy
| | | | - Claudia Veneziano
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, Campus Germaneto, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Carmela De Marco
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, Campus Germaneto, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Ludovica Ganino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, Campus Germaneto, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Ilenia Valentino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, Campus Germaneto, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Antonietta Occhiuzzi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Ida Daniela Perrotta
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, University of Calabria, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Teresa Mancuso
- Annunziata" Regional Hospital Cosenza, 87100, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Filomena Conforti
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Bruno Rizzuti
- SS Rende (CS), Department of Physics, CNR-NANOTEC, University of Calabria, Via Pietro Bucci, 87036, Rende, CS, Italy
- Institute for Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), Joint Unit GBsC-CSIC-BIFI, University of Zaragoza, 50018, Saragossa, Spain
| | | | - Massimo Gentile
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, CS, Italy
- Annunziata" Regional Hospital Cosenza, 87100, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Antonino Neri
- Scientific Directorate, IRCCS Di Reggio Emilia, Emilia Romagna, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Viglietto
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, Campus Germaneto, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Fedora Grande
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Nicola Amodio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, Campus Germaneto, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
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Liu S, Zhong M, Wu H, Su W, Wang Y, Li P. Potential Beneficial Effects of Naringin and Naringenin on Long COVID-A Review of the Literature. Microorganisms 2024; 12:332. [PMID: 38399736 PMCID: PMC10892048 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12020332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused a severe epidemic due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Recent studies have found that patients do not completely recover from acute infections, but instead, suffer from a variety of post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection, known as long COVID. The effects of long COVID can be far-reaching, with a duration of up to six months and a range of symptoms such as cognitive dysfunction, immune dysregulation, microbiota dysbiosis, myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome, myocarditis, pulmonary fibrosis, cough, diabetes, pain, reproductive dysfunction, and thrombus formation. However, recent studies have shown that naringenin and naringin have palliative effects on various COVID-19 sequelae. Flavonoids such as naringin and naringenin, commonly found in fruits and vegetables, have various positive effects, including reducing inflammation, preventing viral infections, and providing antioxidants. This article discusses the molecular mechanisms and clinical effects of naringin and naringenin on treating the above diseases. It proposes them as potential drugs for the treatment of long COVID, and it can be inferred that naringin and naringenin exhibit potential as extended long COVID medications, in the future likely serving as nutraceuticals or clinical supplements for the comprehensive alleviation of the various manifestations of COVID-19 complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Liu
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Re-Evaluation of Post-Market Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; (S.L.); (M.Z.); (H.W.); (W.S.); (Y.W.)
| | - Mengli Zhong
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Re-Evaluation of Post-Market Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; (S.L.); (M.Z.); (H.W.); (W.S.); (Y.W.)
| | - Hao Wu
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Re-Evaluation of Post-Market Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; (S.L.); (M.Z.); (H.W.); (W.S.); (Y.W.)
| | - Weiwei Su
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Re-Evaluation of Post-Market Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; (S.L.); (M.Z.); (H.W.); (W.S.); (Y.W.)
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming 525000, China
| | - Yonggang Wang
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Re-Evaluation of Post-Market Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; (S.L.); (M.Z.); (H.W.); (W.S.); (Y.W.)
| | - Peibo Li
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Re-Evaluation of Post-Market Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; (S.L.); (M.Z.); (H.W.); (W.S.); (Y.W.)
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Grande F, Marrelli M, Amodeo V, Occhiuzzi MA, Pinzaru I, Fucile M, Dehelean CA, Alexa E, Conforti F, Statti G. Molecular Docking Studies and In Vitro Activity of Paliurus spina-christi Mill Extracts as Pancreatic Lipase Inhibitors. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:160. [PMID: 38397758 PMCID: PMC10885981 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a risk factor for the onset of chronic diseases. One of the most promising approaches to treating obesity consists of reducing dietary fat absorption using extracts from plants because they contain phenolic compounds, especially flavonoids. Paliurus spina-christi, belonging to the Rhamnaceae family, is one of the five species belonging to the Paliurus genus. Herein, the aerial parts of the plant were extracted with methanol through the pressurized cyclic solid-liquid extraction using the Naviglio extractor®. The extracts were analyzed with High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography and investigated for their in vitro biological potential. The phytochemical analysis revealed that rutin has been shown to be the most abundant flavonoid component. The best antiradical activity was observed for the fruit extract with an IC50 value of 53.41 ± 1.24 µg/mL. This extract also has a better inhibitory capacity on lipid peroxidation evaluated at a different time of incubation. Potent lipase inhibitor activity of the extract from fruits was also demonstrated with in vitro experiments. This property can be attributed to a direct interaction of main components of P. spina-christi extract with the human pancreatic enzyme as demonstrated by the results of molecular docking experiments conducted on the crystallographic structures of lipase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fedora Grande
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Cosenza, Italy; (F.G.); (M.M.); (V.A.); (M.A.O.); (M.F.); (G.S.)
| | - Mariangela Marrelli
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Cosenza, Italy; (F.G.); (M.M.); (V.A.); (M.A.O.); (M.F.); (G.S.)
| | - Valentina Amodeo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Cosenza, Italy; (F.G.); (M.M.); (V.A.); (M.A.O.); (M.F.); (G.S.)
| | - Maria Antonietta Occhiuzzi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Cosenza, Italy; (F.G.); (M.M.); (V.A.); (M.A.O.); (M.F.); (G.S.)
| | - Iulia Pinzaru
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (I.P.); (C.A.D.)
| | - Mary Fucile
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Cosenza, Italy; (F.G.); (M.M.); (V.A.); (M.A.O.); (M.F.); (G.S.)
| | - Cristina Adriana Dehelean
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (I.P.); (C.A.D.)
| | - Ersilia Alexa
- Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Life Sciences King Mihai I of Romania, Calea Aradului 119, 300641 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Filomena Conforti
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Cosenza, Italy; (F.G.); (M.M.); (V.A.); (M.A.O.); (M.F.); (G.S.)
| | - Giancarlo Statti
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Cosenza, Italy; (F.G.); (M.M.); (V.A.); (M.A.O.); (M.F.); (G.S.)
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Occhiuzzi MA, Ioele G, De Luca M, Rizzuti B, Scordamaglia D, Lappano R, Maggiolini M, Garofalo A, Grande F. Dissecting CYP1A2 Activation by Arylalkanoic Acid Prodrugs toward the Development of Anti-Inflammatory Agents. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:435. [PMID: 38203608 PMCID: PMC10779369 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Arylalkane-derived prodrugs of arylacetic acids are a small group of substances that have long been known for their anti-inflammatory action. Despite their ease of synthesis and good potential for the development of new potent and safe anti-inflammatory agents, this group of substances has not received much attention from researchers so far. Therefore, representative arylalkane derivatives were investigated through molecular docking techniques to verify the possible hepatic activation mode toward active metabolites by CYP1A2. In this regard, arylalkanoic acid prodrugs were docked with a crystallographic structure of human CYP1A2, in which the enzyme is co-crystallized with the selective competitive inhibitor α-naphthoflavone BHF. Of note, all the examined compounds proved capable of interacting with the enzyme active site in a manner similar to Nabumetone, thus confirming that a productive metabolic transformation is feasible. On the basis of these findings, it is possible to argue that subtle differences in the way CYP1A2 accommodates the ligands depend on the fine details of their molecular structures. Overall, these data suggest that compounds simply formed by an aromatic moiety bearing an appropriate alkane-derived chain could lead to innovative anti-inflammatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Antonietta Occhiuzzi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, CS, Italy; (M.A.O.); (G.I.); (M.D.L.); (D.S.); (R.L.); (M.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Giuseppina Ioele
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, CS, Italy; (M.A.O.); (G.I.); (M.D.L.); (D.S.); (R.L.); (M.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Michele De Luca
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, CS, Italy; (M.A.O.); (G.I.); (M.D.L.); (D.S.); (R.L.); (M.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Bruno Rizzuti
- CNR-NANOTEC, SS Rende (CS), Department of Physics, University of Calabria, Via Pietro Bucci, 87036 Rende, CS, Italy
- Institute of Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), Joint Unit GBsC-CSIC-BIFI, University of Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Domenica Scordamaglia
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, CS, Italy; (M.A.O.); (G.I.); (M.D.L.); (D.S.); (R.L.); (M.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Rosamaria Lappano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, CS, Italy; (M.A.O.); (G.I.); (M.D.L.); (D.S.); (R.L.); (M.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Marcello Maggiolini
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, CS, Italy; (M.A.O.); (G.I.); (M.D.L.); (D.S.); (R.L.); (M.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Antonio Garofalo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, CS, Italy; (M.A.O.); (G.I.); (M.D.L.); (D.S.); (R.L.); (M.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Fedora Grande
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, CS, Italy; (M.A.O.); (G.I.); (M.D.L.); (D.S.); (R.L.); (M.M.); (A.G.)
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Tundis R, Grande F, Occhiuzzi MA, Sicari V, Loizzo MR, Cappello AR. Lavandula angustifolia mill. (Lamiaceae) ethanol extract and its main constituents as promising agents for the treatment of metabolic disorders: chemical profile, in vitro biological studies, and molecular docking. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2023; 38:2269481. [PMID: 37850338 PMCID: PMC10586085 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2023.2269481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Lavandula angustifolia Mill. (lavender) is one of the most used medicinal plants. Herein, we chemically characterised and investigated the antioxidant properties and the capability to inhibit key enzymes for the treatment of type 2 diabetes (TD2) and obesity such as pancreatic lipase, α-glucosidase, and α-amylase of the ethanolic extract of two lavender samples (La1 and La2) from southern Italy. Both extracts significantly inhibited α-glucosidase, while La1 inhibited α-amylase and lipase more effectively than La2. To investigate whether these properties could be due to a direct interaction of the main constituents of the extracts with the targeted enzymes, molecular docking studies have been performed. As a result, the selected compounds were able to interact with the key residues of the binding site of the three proteins, thus supporting biological data. Current findings indicate the new potential of lavender ethanolic extract for the development of novel agents for T2D and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Tundis
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Fedora Grande
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Maria A. Occhiuzzi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Sicari
- Department of Agraria, Mediterranean University of Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Monica R. Loizzo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Anna R. Cappello
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
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Al-Ghorbani M, Alharbi O, Al-Odayni AB, Abduh NAY. Quinoline- and Isoindoline-Integrated Polycyclic Compounds as Antioxidant, and Antidiabetic Agents Targeting the Dual Inhibition of α-Glycosidase and α-Amylase Enzymes. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1222. [PMID: 37765030 PMCID: PMC10535292 DOI: 10.3390/ph16091222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel analogs of quinoline and isoindoline containing various heterocycles, such as tetrazole, triazole, pyrazole, and pyridine, were synthesized and characterized using FT-IR, NMR, and mass spectroscopy, and their antioxidant and antidiabetic activities were investigated. The previously synthesized compound 1 was utilized in conjugation with ketone-bearing tetrazole and isoindoline-1,3-dione to synthesize Schiff's bases 2 and 3. Furthermore, hydrazide 1 was treated with aryledines to provide pyrazoles 4a-c. Compound 5 was obtained by treating 1 with potassium thiocyanate, which was then cyclized in a basic solution to afford triazole 6. On the other hand, pyridine derivatives 7a-d and 8a-d were synthesized using 2-(4-acetylphenyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione via a one-pot condensation reaction with aryl aldehydes and active methylene compounds. From the antioxidant and antidiabetic studies, compound 7d showed significant antioxidant activity with an EC50 = 0.65, 0.52, and 0.93 mM in the free radical scavenging assays (DPPH, ABTS, and superoxide anion radicals). It also displayed noteworthy inhibitory activity against both enzymes α-glycosidase (IC50: 0.07 mM) and α-amylase (0.21 mM) compared to acarbose (0.09 mM α-glycosidase and 0.25 mM for α-amylase), and higher than in the other compounds. During in silico assays, compound 7d exhibited favorable binding affinities towards both α-glycosidase (-10.9 kcal/mol) and α-amylase (-9.0 kcal/mol) compared to acarbose (-8.6 kcal/mol for α-glycosidase and -6.0 kcal/mol for α-amylase). The stability of 7d was demonstrated by molecular dynamics simulations and estimations of the binding free energy throughout the simulation session (100 ns).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Al-Ghorbani
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts, Ulla, Taibah University, Madinah 41477, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Osama Alharbi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts, Ulla, Taibah University, Madinah 41477, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdel-Basit Al-Odayni
- Department of Restorative Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box 60169, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Naaser A. Y. Abduh
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
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Gastaldi S, Rocca C, Gianquinto E, Granieri MC, Boscaro V, Blua F, Rolando B, Marini E, Gallicchio M, De Bartolo A, Romeo N, Mazza R, Fedele F, Pagliaro P, Penna C, Spyrakis F, Bertinaria M, Angelone T. Discovery of a novel 1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-one-based NLRP3 inhibitor as a pharmacological agent to mitigate cardiac and metabolic complications in an experimental model of diet-induced metaflammation. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 257:115542. [PMID: 37290185 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by the recent advancements in understanding the binding mode of sulfonylurea-based NLRP3 inhibitors to the NLRP3 sensor protein, we developed new NLRP3 inhibitors by replacing the central sulfonylurea moiety with different heterocycles. Computational studies evidenced that some of the designed compounds were able to maintain important interaction within the NACHT domain of the target protein similarly to the most active sulfonylurea-based NLRP3 inhibitors. Among the studied compounds, the 1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-one derivative 5 (INF200) showed the most promising results being able to prevent NLRP3-dependent pyroptosis triggered by LPS/ATP and LPS/MSU by 66.3 ± 6.6% and 61.6 ± 11.5% and to reduce IL-1β release (35.5 ± 8.8% μM) at 10 μM in human macrophages. The selected compound INF200 (20 mg/kg/day) was then tested in an in vivo rat model of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced metaflammation to evaluate its beneficial cardiometabolic effects. INF200 significantly counteracted HFD-dependent "anthropometric" changes, improved glucose and lipid profiles, and attenuated systemic inflammation and biomarkers of cardiac dysfunction (particularly BNP). Hemodynamic evaluation on Langendorff model indicate that INF200 limited myocardial damage-dependent ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) by improving post-ischemic systolic recovery and attenuating cardiac contracture, infarct size, and LDH release, thus reversing the exacerbation of obesity-associated damage. Mechanistically, in post-ischemic hearts, IFN200 reduced IRI-dependent NLRP3 activation, inflammation, and oxidative stress. These results highlight the potential of the novel NLRP3 inhibitor, INF200, and its ability to reverse the unfavorable cardio-metabolic dysfunction associated with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Gastaldi
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Carmine Rocca
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiovascular Pathophysiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, E. and E.S. (DiBEST), University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy
| | - Eleonora Gianquinto
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Maria Concetta Granieri
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiovascular Pathophysiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, E. and E.S. (DiBEST), University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy
| | - Valentina Boscaro
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Federica Blua
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Barbara Rolando
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Marini
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Anna De Bartolo
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiovascular Pathophysiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, E. and E.S. (DiBEST), University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy
| | - Naomi Romeo
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiovascular Pathophysiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, E. and E.S. (DiBEST), University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy
| | - Rosa Mazza
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiovascular Pathophysiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, E. and E.S. (DiBEST), University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy
| | - Francesco Fedele
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico, 155, 00161, Rome, Italy; National Institute for Cardiovascular Research (INRC), Bologna, Italy
| | - Pasquale Pagliaro
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; National Institute for Cardiovascular Research (INRC), Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudia Penna
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; National Institute for Cardiovascular Research (INRC), Bologna, Italy.
| | - Francesca Spyrakis
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, 10125, Turin, Italy.
| | - Massimo Bertinaria
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, 10125, Turin, Italy.
| | - Tommaso Angelone
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiovascular Pathophysiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, E. and E.S. (DiBEST), University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy; National Institute for Cardiovascular Research (INRC), Bologna, Italy
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Ren X, Wang S, Wang J, Xu D, Ye Y, Song Y. Widely targeted metabolome profiling of different plateau raspberries and berry parts provides innovative insight into their antioxidant activities. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1143439. [PMID: 36993862 PMCID: PMC10042140 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1143439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Raspberries are highly nutritious and have powerful antioxidant properties, making them functional berries with positive effects on physiological functioning. However, there is limited information available on the diversity and variability of metabolites in raspberry and its parts, especially in plateau raspberries. To address this, commercial raspberries and their pulp and seeds from two plateaus in China were subjected to LC-MS/MS-based metabolomics analysis and evaluated for antioxidant activity using four assays. A metabolite-metabolite correlation network was established based on antioxidant activity and correlation analysis. The results showed that 1661 metabolites were identified and classified into 12 categories, with significant variations in composition between the whole berry and its parts from different plateaus. Flavonoids, amino acids and their derivatives, and phenolic acids were found to be up-regulated in Qinghai's raspberry compared to Yunnan's raspberry. The main differently regulated pathways were related to flavonoid, amino acid, and anthocyanin biosynthesis. The antioxidant activity of Qinghai's raspberry was stronger than Yunnan's raspberry, and the order of antioxidant capacity was seed > pulp > berry. The highest FRAP (420.31 µM TE/g DW) values was found in the seed of Qinghai's raspberry. Overall, these findings suggest that the environment in which the berries grow can affect their chemical composition, and comprehensive exploitation and cultivation of whole raspberry and its parts from different plateaus can lead to new opportunities for phytochemical compositions and antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Ren
- Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Shulin Wang
- Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Jinying Wang
- Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Dan Xu
- Department of Public Health, Medical College, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Ying Ye
- Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Yangbo Song
- Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Qinghai University, Xining, China
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9
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Granieri MC, Rocca C, De Bartolo A, Nettore IC, Rago V, Romeo N, Ceramella J, Mariconda A, Macchia PE, Ungaro P, Sinicropi MS, Angelone T. Quercetin and Its Derivative Counteract Palmitate-Dependent Lipotoxicity by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Cardiomyocytes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3492. [PMID: 36834186 PMCID: PMC9958705 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac lipotoxicity plays an important role in the pathogenesis of obesity-related cardiovascular disease. The flavonoid quercetin (QUE), a nutraceutical compound that is abundant in the "Mediterranean diet", has been shown to be a potential therapeutic agent in cardiac and metabolic diseases. Here, we investigated the beneficial role of QUE and its derivative Q2, which demonstrates improved bioavailability and chemical stability, in cardiac lipotoxicity. To this end, H9c2 cardiomyocytes were pre-treated with QUE or Q2 and then exposed to palmitate (PA) to recapitulate the cardiac lipotoxicity occurring in obesity. Our results showed that both QUE and Q2 significantly attenuated PA-dependent cell death, although QUE was effective at a lower concentration (50 nM) when compared with Q2 (250 nM). QUE decreased the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), an important indicator of cytotoxicity, and the accumulation of intracellular lipid droplets triggered by PA. On the other hand, QUE protected cardiomyocytes from PA-induced oxidative stress by counteracting the formation of malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl groups (which are indicators of lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation, respectively) and intracellular ROS generation, and by improving the enzymatic activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Pre-treatment with QUE also significantly attenuated the inflammatory response induced by PA by reducing the release of key proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and TNF-α). Similar to QUE, Q2 (250 nM) also significantly counteracted the PA-provoked increase in intracellular lipid droplets, LDH, and MDA, improving SOD activity and decreasing the release of IL-1β and TNF-α. These results suggest that QUE and Q2 could be considered potential therapeutics for the treatment of the cardiac lipotoxicity that occurs in obesity and metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Concetta Granieri
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science (DiBEST), University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Carmine Rocca
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science (DiBEST), University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Anna De Bartolo
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science (DiBEST), University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Immacolata Cristina Nettore
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Scuola di Medicina, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Vittoria Rago
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Naomi Romeo
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science (DiBEST), University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Jessica Ceramella
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Annaluisa Mariconda
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Paolo Emidio Macchia
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Scuola di Medicina, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Ungaro
- Istituto per l’Endocrinologia e l’Oncologia Sperimentale (IEOS) “Gaetano Salvatore”, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Stefania Sinicropi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Tommaso Angelone
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science (DiBEST), University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
- National Institute of Cardiovascular Research (INRC), 40126 Bologna, Italy
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10
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NMR-Based Characterization of Citrus Tacle Juice and Low-Level NMR and UV-Vis Data Fusion for Monitoring Its Fractions from Membrane-Based Operations. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 12:antiox12010002. [PMID: 36670864 PMCID: PMC9854473 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tacle is a citrus variety which recently gained further interest due to its antioxidant and biological properties. This study suggests using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) imaging to characterize Tacle juice's metabolic composition as it is intimately linked to its quality. First, polar and apolar solvent systems were used to identify a significant fraction of the Tacle metabolome. Furthermore, the antioxidant capacity and the total content of flavonoids, polyphenols and β-carotene in the juice were investigated with UV-Visible spectroscopy. Tacle juice was clarified and fractionated by ultrafiltration (UF) and nanofiltration (NF) membranes in order to recover and purify its bioactive principles. Finally, the second part of this work sheds light on the spectrophotometric assays and 1H-NMR spectra of fractions coming from membrane operations coupled with a multivariate data analysis technique, PCA, to explore the impact of UF and NF processes on the metabolic profile of the juice.
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Mechanism Underlying Naringenin Hypocholesterolemic Effects: Involvement of Estrogen Receptor α Subtype. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415809. [PMID: 36555447 PMCID: PMC9779308 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Naringenin (Nar) is one of major citrus flavonoids predominantly found in grapefruit and orange. In vivo studies have demonstrated Nar potential as a normolipidemic agent capable to reduce circulating cholesterol in hypercholesterolemic rabbits, rats, and patients, suggesting a new role for this molecule in cardiovascular disease prevention. Although Nar cholesterol-lowering effects are known, the underlying mechanisms have not yet been elucidated. Interestingly, Nar binds to the estrogen receptors (ERs), modulating both transcriptional and membrane-initiating signals. Although estrogen and ERs are deeply involved in lipid metabolism, no data are available regarding a putative role of these nuclear receptors as mediators of the hypocholesterolemic effect exerted by Nar. Thus, the aim of this work was to study the involvement of ERs in Nar-induced modulation of cholesterol metabolism. Results obtained in HepG2 cell line demonstrate that Nar can modulate the molecular network of cholesterol homeostasis. However, these effects were only partially dependent on the activity of estrogen receptor α. As a whole, our data highlight new molecular mechanisms by which Nar influences cholesterol metabolism, opening a new scenery about dietary impact on human health.
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Caponio GR, Lippolis T, Tutino V, Gigante I, De Nunzio V, Milella RA, Gasparro M, Notarnicola M. Nutraceuticals: Focus on Anti-Inflammatory, Anti-Cancer, Antioxidant Properties in Gastrointestinal Tract. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11071274. [PMID: 35883765 PMCID: PMC9312044 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, nutraceuticals have gained great popularity, owing to their physiological and potential health effects, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, antioxidant, and prebiotic effects, and their regulation of lipid metabolism. Since the Mediterranean diet is a nutritionally recommended dietary pattern including high-level consumption of nutraceuticals, this review aimed to summarize the main results obtained by our in vitro and in vivo studies on the effects of the major constituents of the Mediterranean diet (i.e., extra virgin olive oil compounds, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and fruit components). Based on experimental studies, the therapeutic purpose of nutraceuticals depends on their bioavailability, solubility, toxicity, and delivery system. This review provides more in-depth knowledge on the effects linked to nutraceuticals administration on human health, focusing the gastrointestinal tract and suggesting specific dietary components for personalized adjuvant therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giusy Rita Caponio
- National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (G.R.C.); (T.L.); (V.T.); (I.G.); (V.D.N.)
| | - Tamara Lippolis
- National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (G.R.C.); (T.L.); (V.T.); (I.G.); (V.D.N.)
| | - Valeria Tutino
- National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (G.R.C.); (T.L.); (V.T.); (I.G.); (V.D.N.)
| | - Isabella Gigante
- National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (G.R.C.); (T.L.); (V.T.); (I.G.); (V.D.N.)
| | - Valentina De Nunzio
- National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (G.R.C.); (T.L.); (V.T.); (I.G.); (V.D.N.)
| | - Rosa Anna Milella
- Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Turi, 70010 Bari, Italy; (R.A.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Marica Gasparro
- Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Turi, 70010 Bari, Italy; (R.A.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Maria Notarnicola
- National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (G.R.C.); (T.L.); (V.T.); (I.G.); (V.D.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-080-4994342
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13
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Antioxidant Metabolites in Primitive, Wild, and Cultivated Citrus and Their Role in Stress Tolerance. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26195801. [PMID: 34641344 PMCID: PMC8510114 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26195801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The genus Citrus contains a vast range of antioxidant metabolites, dietary metabolites, and antioxidant polyphenols that protect plants from unfavorable environmental conditions, enhance their tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses, and possess multiple health-promoting effects in humans. This review summarizes various antioxidant metabolites such as organic acids, amino acids, alkaloids, fatty acids, carotenoids, ascorbic acid, tocopherols, terpenoids, hydroxycinnamic acids, flavonoids, and anthocyanins that are distributed in different citrus species. Among these antioxidant metabolites, flavonoids are abundantly present in primitive, wild, and cultivated citrus species and possess the highest antioxidant activity. We demonstrate that the primitive and wild citrus species (e.g., Atalantia buxifolia and C. latipes) have a high level of antioxidant metabolites and are tolerant to various abiotic and biotic stresses compared with cultivated citrus species (e.g., C. sinensis and C. reticulata). Additionally, we highlight the potential usage of citrus wastes (rag, seeds, fruit peels, etc.) and the health-promoting properties of citrus metabolites. Furthermore, we summarize the genes that are involved in the biosynthesis of antioxidant metabolites in different citrus species. We speculate that the genome-engineering technologies should be used to confirm the functions of candidate genes that are responsible for the accumulation of antioxidant metabolites, which will serve as an alternative tool to breed citrus cultivars with increased antioxidant metabolites.
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14
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Grande F, Occhiuzzi MA, Perri MR, Ioele G, Rizzuti B, Statti G, Garofalo A. Polyphenols from Citrus Tacle ® Extract Endowed with HMGCR Inhibitory Activity: An Antihypercholesterolemia Natural Remedy. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26185718. [PMID: 34577189 PMCID: PMC8470345 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tacle® is a citrus fruit obtained from the crossbreeding of Clementine and Tarocco cultivars. This fruit retains a promising nutraceutical potential most likely due to a high content in polyphenols, among which the main constituents are the two glycosides naringin and hesperidin. Herein, we evaluated, through an in vitro assay, the capability of Tacle extracts to inhibit the hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase enzyme, which plays a key role in cholesterol biosynthesis. The results obtained spurred us to investigate whether the anti-enzymatic activity observed may be due to a direct interaction of aglycones naringenin and hesperetin with the enzyme catalytic site. Molecular docking simulations indicated that these two compounds are able to anchor to the protein with binding modes and affinities similar to those found for statins, which represent mainstream medications against hypercholesterolemia. The overall results showed an interesting nutraceutical potential of Tacle, suggesting that its extract could be used for dietary supplementation in the treatment of moderate hypercholesterolemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fedora Grande
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Ampl. Polifunzionale, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende, Italy; (M.A.O.); (M.R.P.); (G.I.); (G.S.); (A.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0984-493019
| | - Maria Antonietta Occhiuzzi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Ampl. Polifunzionale, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende, Italy; (M.A.O.); (M.R.P.); (G.I.); (G.S.); (A.G.)
| | - Maria Rosaria Perri
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Ampl. Polifunzionale, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende, Italy; (M.A.O.); (M.R.P.); (G.I.); (G.S.); (A.G.)
| | - Giuseppina Ioele
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Ampl. Polifunzionale, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende, Italy; (M.A.O.); (M.R.P.); (G.I.); (G.S.); (A.G.)
| | - Bruno Rizzuti
- CNR-NANOTEC, SS Rende (CS), Department of Physics, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende, Italy;
- Institute of Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), Joint Units IQFR-CSIC-BIFI, and GBsC-CSIC-BIFI, University of Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Giancarlo Statti
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Ampl. Polifunzionale, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende, Italy; (M.A.O.); (M.R.P.); (G.I.); (G.S.); (A.G.)
| | - Antonio Garofalo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Ampl. Polifunzionale, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende, Italy; (M.A.O.); (M.R.P.); (G.I.); (G.S.); (A.G.)
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15
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Visvanathan R, Williamson G. Citrus polyphenols and risk of type 2 diabetes: Evidence from mechanistic studies. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:2178-2202. [PMID: 34496701 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1971945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Citrus fruits are a rich source of (poly)phenols, a group of dietary bioactive compounds that protect against developing type 2 diabetes. Our review critically evaluates how experimental in vitro and animal models have elucidated some of the underlying mechanisms on how citrus (poly)phenols affect the markers of type 2 diabetes. According to animal studies, the beneficial effects derived from consuming citrus compounds appear to be related to long-term effects, rather than acute. There are some notable effects from citrus (poly)phenol metabolites on post-absorptive processes, such as modulation of hepatic glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity in target tissues, but with a more modest effect on digestion and sugar absorption within the gut. Experimental studies on cells and other systems in vitro have indicated some of the possible mechanisms involved, but ∼70% of the studies utilized unrealistically high concentrations and forms of the compounds, compromising physiological relevance. Future studies should discuss the relevance of concentration used in in vitro experiments, relative to the proposed site of action, and also examine the role of catabolites produced by the gut microbiota. Finally, it is important to examine the relationship between the gut microbiota and bioavailability on the action of citrus (poly)phenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizliya Visvanathan
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, BASE Facility, Notting Hill, VIC, Australia
| | - Gary Williamson
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, BASE Facility, Notting Hill, VIC, Australia
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16
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Grande F, Giordano F, Occhiuzzi MA, Rocca C, Ioele G, De Luca M, Ragno G, Panno ML, Rizzuti B, Garofalo A. Toward Multitasking Pharmacological COX-Targeting Agents: Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Prodrugs with Antiproliferative Effects. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26133940. [PMID: 34203324 PMCID: PMC8271725 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26133940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The antitumor activity of certain anti-inflammatory drugs is often attributed to an indirect effect based on the inhibition of COX enzymes. In the case of anti-inflammatory prodrugs, this property could be attributed to the parent molecules with mechanism other than COX inhibition, particularly through formulations capable of slowing down their metabolic conversion. In this work, a pilot docking study aimed at comparing the interaction of two prodrugs, nabumetone (NB) and its tricyclic analog 7-methoxy-2,3-dihydro-1H-cyclopenta[b]naphthalen-1-one (MC), and their common active metabolite 6-methoxy-2-naphthylacetic acid (MNA) with the COX binding site, was carried out. Cytotoxicity, cytofluorimetry, and protein expression assays on prodrugs were also performed to assess their potential as antiproliferative agents that could help hypothesize an effective use as anticancer therapeutics. Encouraging results suggest that the studied compounds could act not only as precursors of the anti-inflammatory metabolite, but also as direct antiproliferative agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fedora Grande
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Ampl. Polifunzionale, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende, Italy; (F.G.); (M.A.O.); (G.I.); (M.D.L.); (G.R.); (M.L.P.)
- Correspondence: (F.G.); (A.G.); Tel.: +39-0984-493019 (F.G.); +39-0984-493118 (A.G.)
| | - Francesca Giordano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Ampl. Polifunzionale, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende, Italy; (F.G.); (M.A.O.); (G.I.); (M.D.L.); (G.R.); (M.L.P.)
| | - Maria Antonietta Occhiuzzi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Ampl. Polifunzionale, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende, Italy; (F.G.); (M.A.O.); (G.I.); (M.D.L.); (G.R.); (M.L.P.)
| | - Carmine Rocca
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende, Italy;
| | - Giuseppina Ioele
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Ampl. Polifunzionale, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende, Italy; (F.G.); (M.A.O.); (G.I.); (M.D.L.); (G.R.); (M.L.P.)
| | - Michele De Luca
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Ampl. Polifunzionale, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende, Italy; (F.G.); (M.A.O.); (G.I.); (M.D.L.); (G.R.); (M.L.P.)
| | - Gaetano Ragno
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Ampl. Polifunzionale, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende, Italy; (F.G.); (M.A.O.); (G.I.); (M.D.L.); (G.R.); (M.L.P.)
| | - Maria Luisa Panno
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Ampl. Polifunzionale, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende, Italy; (F.G.); (M.A.O.); (G.I.); (M.D.L.); (G.R.); (M.L.P.)
| | - Bruno Rizzuti
- CNR-NANOTEC, SS Rende (CS), Department of Physics, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende, Italy;
- Institute of Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), Joint Units IQFR-CSIC-BIFI, and GBsC-CSIC-BIFI, University of Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Antonio Garofalo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Ampl. Polifunzionale, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende, Italy; (F.G.); (M.A.O.); (G.I.); (M.D.L.); (G.R.); (M.L.P.)
- Correspondence: (F.G.); (A.G.); Tel.: +39-0984-493019 (F.G.); +39-0984-493118 (A.G.)
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17
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Rocca C, De Bartolo A, Grande F, Rizzuti B, Pasqua T, Giordano F, Granieri MC, Occhiuzzi MA, Garofalo A, Amodio N, Cerra MC, Schneider F, Panno ML, Metz-Boutigue MH, Angelone T. Cateslytin abrogates lipopolysaccharide-induced cardiomyocyte injury by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress through toll like receptor 4 interaction. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 94:107487. [PMID: 33636560 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Global public health is threatened by new pathogens, antimicrobial resistant microorganisms and a rapid decline of conventional antimicrobials efficacy. Thus, numerous medical procedures become life-threating. Sepsis can lead to tissue damage such as myocardium inflammation, associated with reduction of contractility and diastolic dysfunction, which may cause death. In this perspective, growing interest and attention are paid on host defence peptides considered as new potential antimicrobials. In the present study, we investigated the physiological and biochemical properties of Cateslytin (Ctl), an endogenous antimicrobial chromogranin A-derived peptide, in H9c2 cardiomyocytes exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) infection. We showed that both Ctl (L and D) enantiomers, but not their scrambled counterparts, significantly increased cardiomyocytes viability following LPS, even if L-Ctl was effective at lower concentration (1 nM) compared to D-Ctl (10 nM). L-Ctl mitigated LPS-induced LDH release and oxidative stress, as visible by a reduction of MDA and protein carbonyl groups content, and by an increase of SOD activity. Molecular docking simulations strongly suggested that L-Ctl modulates TLR4 through a direct binding to the partner protein MD-2. Molecular analyses indicated that the protection mediated by L-Ctl against LPS-evoked sepsis targeted the TLR4/ERK/JNK/p38-MAPK pathway, regulating NFkB p65, NFkB p52 and COX2 expression and repressing the mRNA expression levels of the LPS-induced proinflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and NOS2. These findings indicate that Ctl could be considered as a possible candidate for the development of new antimicrobials strategies in the treatment of myocarditis. Interestingly, L-enantiomeric Ctl showed remarkable properties in strengthening the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects on cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmine Rocca
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Department of Biology, E and E.S., University of Calabria, Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Anna De Bartolo
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Department of Biology, E and E.S., University of Calabria, Rende, CS, Italy; Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Fedora Grande
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Analytical Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Bruno Rizzuti
- CNR-NANOTEC, Licryl-UOS Cosenza and CEMIF.Cal, Department of Physics, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Teresa Pasqua
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Department of Biology, E and E.S., University of Calabria, Rende, CS, Italy; Department of Health Science, University of Catanzaro Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesca Giordano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Maria Concetta Granieri
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Department of Biology, E and E.S., University of Calabria, Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Maria Antonietta Occhiuzzi
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Analytical Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Antonio Garofalo
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Analytical Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Nicola Amodio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Carmela Cerra
- Laboratory of Organ and System Physiology, Department of Biology, E and E.S., University of Calabria, Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Francis Schneider
- Department of Intensive Care, Hospital Hautepierre, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France; Inserm UMR 1121, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Maria Luisa Panno
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Marie Hélène Metz-Boutigue
- Inserm UMR 1121, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France; Faculty of Odontology, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg France.
| | - Tommaso Angelone
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Department of Biology, E and E.S., University of Calabria, Rende, CS, Italy; National Institute of Cardiovascular Research (INRC), Bologna, Italy.
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18
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Ceramella J, Iacopetta D, Barbarossa A, Caruso A, Grande F, Bonomo MG, Mariconda A, Longo P, Carmela S, Sinicropi MS. Carbazole Derivatives as Kinase-Targeting Inhibitors for Cancer Treatment. Mini Rev Med Chem 2020; 20:444-465. [PMID: 31951166 DOI: 10.2174/1389557520666200117144701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Protein Kinases (PKs) are a heterogeneous family of enzymes that modulate several biological pathways, including cell division, cytoskeletal rearrangement, differentiation and apoptosis. In particular, due to their crucial role during human tumorigenesis and cancer progression, PKs are ideal targets for the design and development of effective and low toxic chemotherapeutics and represent the second group of drug targets after G-protein-coupled receptors. Nowadays, several compounds have been claimed to be PKs inhibitors, and some of them, such as imatinib, erlotinib and gefitinib, have already been approved for clinical use, whereas more than 30 others are in various phases of clinical trials. Among them, some natural or synthetic carbazole-based molecules represent promising PKs inhibitors due to their capability to interfere with PK activity by different mechanisms of action including the ability to act as DNA intercalating agents, interfere with the activity of enzymes involved in DNA duplication, such as topoisomerases and telomerases, and inhibit other proteins such as cyclindependent kinases or antagonize estrogen receptors. Thus, carbazoles can be considered a promising this class of compounds to be adopted in targeted therapy of different types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Ceramella
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, (CS), Italy
| | - Domenico Iacopetta
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, (CS), Italy
| | - Alexia Barbarossa
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, (CS), Italy
| | - Anna Caruso
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, (CS), Italy
| | - Fedora Grande
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, (CS), Italy
| | | | | | - Pasquale Longo
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Saturnino Carmela
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Maria Stefania Sinicropi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, (CS), Italy
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19
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Varela-Rodríguez L, Sánchez-Ramírez B, Hernández-Ramírez VI, Varela-Rodríguez H, Castellanos-Mijangos RD, González-Horta C, Chávez-Munguía B, Talamás-Rohana P. Effect of Gallic acid and Myricetin on ovarian cancer models: a possible alternative antitumoral treatment. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:110. [PMID: 32276584 PMCID: PMC7149887 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-02900-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of mortality among malignant gynecological tumors. Surgical resection and chemotherapy with intravenous platinum/taxanes drugs are the treatments of choice, with little effectiveness in later stages and severe toxicological effects. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the antineoplastic activity of gallic acid (GA) and myricetin (Myr) administrated peritumorally in Nu/Nu mice xenotransplanted with SKOV-3 cells. Methods Biological activity of GA and MYR was evaluated in SKOV-3 and OVCAR-3 cells (ovarian adenocarcinomas) by confocal/transmission electron microscopy, PI-flow cytometry, H2-DCF-DA stain, MTT, and Annexin V/PI assays. Molecular targets of compounds were determined with ACD/I-Labs and SEA. Antineoplastic activity was performed in SKOV-3 cells subcutaneously xenotransplanted into female Nu/Nu mice treated peritumorally with 50 mg/kg of each compound (2 alternate days/week) for 28 days. Controls used were paclitaxel (5 mg/kg) and 20 μL of vehicle (0.5% DMSO in 1X PBS). Tumor lesions, organs and sera were evaluated with NMR, USG, histopathological, and paraclinical studies. Results In vitro studies showed a decrease of cell viability with GA and Myr in SKOV-3 (50 and 166 μg/mL) and OVCAR-3 (43 and 94 μg/mL) cells respectively, as well as morphological changes, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis induction due to ROS generation (p ≤ 0.05, ANOVA). In silico studies suggest that GA and MYR could interact with carbonic anhydrase IX and PI3K, respectively. In vivo studies revealed inhibitory effects on tumor lesions development with GA and MYR up to 50% (p ≤ 0.05, ANOVA), with decreased vascularity, necrotic/fibrotic areas, neoplastic stroma retraction and apoptosis. However, toxicological effects were observed with GA treatment, such as leukocyte infiltrate and hepatic parenchyma loss, hypertransaminasemia (ALT: 150.7 ± 25.60 U/L), and hypoazotemia (urea: 33.4 ± 7.4 mg/dL), due to the development of chronic hepatitis (p ≤ 0.05, ANOVA). Conclusion GA and Myr (50 mg/kg) administered by peritumoral route, inhibit ovarian tumor lesions development in rodents with some toxicological effects. Additional studies will be necessary to find the appropriate therapeutic dose for GA. Therefore, GA and Myr could be considered as a starting point for the development of novel anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Varela-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, CINVESTAV-IPN. Ave. Instituto Politécnico Nacional No. 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, C.P. 07360, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Circuito 1, Nuevo Campus Universitario, C.P. 31125, Chihuahua, Chih, Mexico
| | - Verónica Ivonne Hernández-Ramírez
- Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, CINVESTAV-IPN. Ave. Instituto Politécnico Nacional No. 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, C.P. 07360, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Hugo Varela-Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Complejidad Molecular y Desarrollo, Unidad de Genómica Avanzada, CINVESTAV-IPN, Libramiento Norte Carretera Irapuato-León Km. 9.6, C.P, 36824, Irapuato, Gto, Mexico
| | - Rodrigo Daniel Castellanos-Mijangos
- Centro Médico ISSEMyM "Arturo Montiel Rojas", Av. Baja Velocidad No. 284, Carretera México-Toluca Km 57.5, Col. San Jerónimo Chicahualco, C.P. 52170, Metepec, Edo. Mex, Mexico
| | - Carmen González-Horta
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Circuito 1, Nuevo Campus Universitario, C.P. 31125, Chihuahua, Chih, Mexico
| | - Bibiana Chávez-Munguía
- Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, CINVESTAV-IPN. Ave. Instituto Politécnico Nacional No. 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, C.P. 07360, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Patricia Talamás-Rohana
- Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, CINVESTAV-IPN. Ave. Instituto Politécnico Nacional No. 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, C.P. 07360, Mexico City, Mexico.
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20
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Citrus × Clementina Hort. Juice Enriched with Its By-Products (Peels and Leaves): Chemical Composition, In Vitro Bioactivity, and Impact of Processing. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9040298. [PMID: 32260119 PMCID: PMC7222210 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9040298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This work investigated a model for the reuse of Citrus × clementina Hort. by-products for the development of a functional drink able to exert antioxidant, hypoglycaemic, and hypolipidemic effects. Juice obtained from fruits collected in three different areas of Calabria (Italy) was analysed. C. × clementina juice from Corigliano Calabro (JF), characterized by the highest content of bioactive compounds and bioactivity, was chosen as a matrix to be enrichment with hydroalcoholic ultrasound-assisted maceration of C. × clementina leaf from Corigliano Calabro (CO2) and ethanol ultrasound-assisted maceration of C. × clementina peel from Cetraro (BC3) extracts at different concentrations. The highest phytochemical content and bioactivities were found in juice enriched with leaf and leaf + peel extracts, with particular reference to antioxidant activity. In order to estimate the effects of pasteurization, 20% (mg/100 mL) enriched juice was subjected to this process. Based on obtained data of bioactivity and sensorial analysis, C. × clementina by-products could be proposed as a promising source of bioactive compounds useful for the formulation of a functional drink for preventing diseases associated with oxidative stress such as type 2 diabetes and obesity.
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21
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Porres JM, Constantino J, Kapravelou G, Lopez-Chaves C, Galisteo M, Aranda P, López-Jurado M, Martínez R. The combined treatment with lentil protein hydrolysate and a mixed training protocol is an efficient lifestyle intervention to manage cardiovascular and renal alterations in obese Zucker rats. Eur J Nutr 2020; 59:3473-3490. [PMID: 32030473 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-020-02181-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Functional and structural changes in cardiovascular and renal systems resulting from obesity and metabolic syndrome represent a severe risk to human health. Lifestyle interventions such as combining healthy diet with adequate physical exercise protocols are good strategies to manage these pathologies. In this research, the effects of lentil protein hydrolysate administration, combined or not with a mixed training protocol, on insulin resistance, cardiovascular and renal functionality were studied in the obese Zucker rat experimental model. METHODS Thirty-two rats (16 lean and 16 obese subdivided in sedentary and trained animals) were administered lentil protein hydrolysate, whereas another 32 subdivided in the same experimental design were administered placebo. The experiment lasted for 8 weeks. At the end of the experimental period, insulin resistance and different parameters of cardiovascular and renal functionality were measured. RESULTS The individual or combined interventions with lentil protein hydrolysate and mixed training protocol were efficient at counteracting some of the metabolic, cardiovascular and renal alterations characterizing the obese Zucker rat. Specifically, lentil protein hydrolysate decreased hyperphagia, amplitude of QRS complex, plasma ACE and selectin E expression in aorta, while increasing urinary volume and pH. Exercise showed beneficial actions on HOMA-IR, QRS amplitude, QTc interval, urinary volume, kidney weight and Mn-SOD activity. Interestingly, most of the mentioned benefits of exercise were more consistent when protein hydrolysate was also administered. CONCLUSION The interesting synergies between the two interventions assessed qualify them as alternative therapeutic strategies to treat cardiovascular and kidney diseases associated to the metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesus M Porres
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Centre for Biomedical Research, Health and Sport Research Centre (IMUDS), Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Janin Constantino
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Centre for Biomedical Research, Health and Sport Research Centre (IMUDS), Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Garyfallia Kapravelou
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Centre for Biomedical Research, Health and Sport Research Centre (IMUDS), Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Carlos Lopez-Chaves
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Centre for Biomedical Research, Health and Sport Research Centre (IMUDS), Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Milagros Galisteo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Biohealth Research Institute, Centre for Biomedical Research, Universidad de Granada, Campus Universitario de Cartuja s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Pilar Aranda
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Centre for Biomedical Research, Health and Sport Research Centre (IMUDS), Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - María López-Jurado
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Centre for Biomedical Research, Health and Sport Research Centre (IMUDS), Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain.
| | - Rosario Martínez
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Centre for Biomedical Research, Health and Sport Research Centre (IMUDS), Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
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Bosi S, Bregola V, Dinelli G, Trebbi G, Truzzi F, Marotti I. The nutraceutical value of grain legumes: characterisation of bioactives and antinutritionals related to diabesity management. Int J Food Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.14204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Bosi
- Department of Agricultural and Food Science University of Bologna viale Fanin 44 Bologna40127 Italy
| | - Valeria Bregola
- Department of Agricultural and Food Science University of Bologna viale Fanin 44 Bologna40127 Italy
| | - Giovanni Dinelli
- Department of Agricultural and Food Science University of Bologna viale Fanin 44 Bologna40127 Italy
| | - Grazia Trebbi
- Department of Agricultural and Food Science University of Bologna viale Fanin 44 Bologna40127 Italy
| | - Francesca Truzzi
- Department of Agricultural and Food Science University of Bologna viale Fanin 44 Bologna40127 Italy
| | - Ilaria Marotti
- Department of Agricultural and Food Science University of Bologna viale Fanin 44 Bologna40127 Italy
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