1
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Zhu Q, Ahmad A, Shi C, Tang Q, Liu C, Ouyang B, Deng Y, Li F, Cao X. Protein arginine methyltransferase 6 mediates antiviral immunity in plants. Cell Host Microbe 2024; 32:1566-1578.e5. [PMID: 39106871 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
Viral suppressor RNA silencing (VSR) is essential for successful infection. Nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich repeat (NLR)-based and autophagy-mediated immune responses have been reported to target VSR as counter-defense strategies. Here, we report a protein arginine methyltransferase 6 (PRMT6)-mediated defense mechanism targeting VSR. The knockout and overexpression of PRMT6 in tomato plants lead to enhanced and reduced disease symptoms, respectively, during tomato bush stunt virus (TBSV) infection. PRMT6 interacts with and inhibits the VSR function of TBSV P19 by methylating its key arginine residues R43 and R115, thereby reducing its dimerization and small RNA-binding activities. Analysis of the natural tomato population reveals that two major alleles associated with high and low levels of PRMT6 expression are significantly associated with high and low levels of viral resistance, respectively. Our study establishes PRMT6-mediated arginine methylation of VSR as a mechanism of plant immunity against viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangqiang Zhu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ayaz Ahmad
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Chunmei Shi
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qi Tang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Bo Ouyang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yingtian Deng
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Feng Li
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
| | - Xiaofeng Cao
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
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2
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Kumar P, Irfan M. Green ripe fruit in tomato: unraveling the genetic tapestry from cultivated to wild varieties. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:3203-3205. [PMID: 38845353 PMCID: PMC11156801 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
This article comments on:
Cui L, Zheng F, Li C, Li G, Ye J, Zhang Y, Wang T, Hong Z, Ye Z, Zhang J. 2024. Defective mutations in STAY-GREEN 1, PHYTOENE SYNTHASE 1, and MYB12 genes lead to formation of green ripe fruit in tomato. Journal of Experimental Botany 75, 3322–3336.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, Himachal Pradesh 173230, India
| | - Mohammad Irfan
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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3
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Zhang D, Ji K, Wang J, Liu X, Zhou Z, Huang R, Ai G, Li Y, Wang X, Wang T, Lu Y, Hong Z, Ye Z, Zhang J. Nuclear factor Y-A3b binds to the SINGLE FLOWER TRUSS promoter and regulates flowering time in tomato. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2024; 11:uhae088. [PMID: 38799124 PMCID: PMC11116822 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhae088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
The control of flowering time is essential for reproductive success and has a major effect on seed and fruit yield and other important agricultural traits in crops. Nuclear factors Y (NF-Ys) are transcription factors that form heterotrimeric protein complexes to regulate gene expression required for diverse biological processes, including flowering time control in plants. However, to our knowledge, there has been no report on mutants of individual NF-YA subunits that promote early flowering phenotype in plants. In this study, we identified SlNF-YA3b, encoding a member of the NF-Y transcription factor family, as a key gene regulating flowering time in tomato. Knockout of NF-YA3b resulted in an early flowering phenotype in tomato, whereas overexpression of NF-YA3b delayed flowering in transgenic tomato plants. NF-YA3b was demonstrated to form heterotrimeric protein complexes with multiple NF-YB/NF-YC heterodimers in yeast three-hybrid assays. Biochemical evidence indicated that NF-YA3b directly binds to the CCAAT cis-elements of the SINGLE FLOWER TRUSS (SFT) promoter to suppress its gene expression. These findings uncovered a critical role of NF-YA3b in regulating flowering time in tomato and could be applied to the management of flowering time in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dedi Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Kangna Ji
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jiafa Wang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinyu Liu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zheng Zhou
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Rong Huang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Guo Ai
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yan Li
- Zhumadian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhumadian 463000, China
| | - Xin Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Taotao Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yongen Lu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zonglie Hong
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA
| | - Zhibiao Ye
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Junhong Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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4
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Shelake RM, Jadhav AM, Bhosale PB, Kim JY. Unlocking secrets of nature's chemists: Potential of CRISPR/Cas-based tools in plant metabolic engineering for customized nutraceutical and medicinal profiles. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 203:108070. [PMID: 37816270 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Plant species have evolved diverse metabolic pathways to effectively respond to internal and external signals throughout their life cycle, allowing adaptation to their sessile and phototropic nature. These pathways selectively activate specific metabolic processes, producing plant secondary metabolites (PSMs) governed by genetic and environmental factors. Humans have utilized PSM-enriched plant sources for millennia in medicine and nutraceuticals. Recent technological advances have significantly contributed to discovering metabolic pathways and related genes involved in the biosynthesis of specific PSM in different food crops and medicinal plants. Consequently, there is a growing demand for plant materials rich in nutrients and bioactive compounds, marketed as "superfoods". To meet the industrial demand for superfoods and therapeutic PSMs, modern methods such as system biology, omics, synthetic biology, and genome editing (GE) play a crucial role in identifying the molecular players, limiting steps, and regulatory circuitry involved in PSM production. Among these methods, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-CRISPR associated protein (CRISPR/Cas) is the most widely used system for plant GE due to its simple design, flexibility, precision, and multiplexing capabilities. Utilizing the CRISPR-based toolbox for metabolic engineering (ME) offers an ideal solution for developing plants with tailored preventive (nutraceuticals) and curative (therapeutic) metabolic profiles in an ecofriendly way. This review discusses recent advances in understanding the multifactorial regulation of metabolic pathways, the application of CRISPR-based tools for plant ME, and the potential research areas for enhancing plant metabolic profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Mahadev Shelake
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea.
| | - Amol Maruti Jadhav
- Research Institute of Green Energy Convergence Technology (RIGET), Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Pritam Bhagwan Bhosale
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Yean Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea; Division of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea; Nulla Bio Inc, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea.
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5
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Naeem M, Zhao W, Ahmad N, Zhao L. Beyond green and red: unlocking the genetic orchestration of tomato fruit color and pigmentation. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:243. [PMID: 37453947 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-01162-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Fruit color is a genetic trait and a key factor for consumer acceptability and is therefore receiving increasing importance in several breeding programs. Plant pigments offer plants with a variety of colored organs that attract animals for pollination, favoring seed dispersers and conservation of species. The pigments inside plant cells not only play a light-harvesting role but also provide protection against light damage and exhibit nutritional and ecological value for health and visual pleasure in humans. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is a leading vegetable crop; its fruit color formation is associated with the accumulation of several natural pigments, which include carotenoids in the pericarp, flavonoids in the peel, as well as the breakdown of chlorophyll during fruit ripening. To improve tomato fruit quality, several techniques, such as genetic engineering and genome editing, have been used to alter fruit color and regulate the accumulation of secondary metabolites in related pathways. Recently, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-based systems have been extensively used for genome editing in many crops, including tomatoes, and promising results have been achieved using modified CRISPR systems, including CAS9 (CRISPR/CRISPR-associated-protein) and CRISPR/Cas12a systems. These advanced tools in biotechnology and whole genome sequencing of various tomato species will certainly advance the breeding of tomato fruit color with a high degree of precision. Here, we attempt to summarize the current advancement and effective application of genetic engineering techniques that provide further flexibility for fruit color formation. Furthermore, we have also discussed the challenges and opportunities of genetic engineering and genome editing to improve tomato fruit color.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Naeem
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Weihua Zhao
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Naveed Ahmad
- Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Lingxia Zhao
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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6
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Guo Y, Zhao G, Gao X, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Cai X, Yuan X, Guo X. CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology: a precise and efficient tool for crop quality improvement. PLANTA 2023; 258:36. [PMID: 37395789 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04187-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION This review provides a direction for crop quality improvement and ideas for further research on the application of CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology for crop improvement. Various important crops, such as wheat, rice, soybean and tomato, are among the main sources of food and energy for humans. Breeders have long attempted to improve crop yield and quality through traditional breeding methods such as crossbreeding. However, crop breeding progress has been slow due to the limitations of traditional breeding methods. In recent years, clustered regularly spaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/Cas9 gene editing technology has been continuously developed. And with the refinement of crop genome data, CRISPR/Cas9 technology has enabled significant breakthroughs in editing specific genes of crops due to its accuracy and efficiency. Precise editing of certain key genes in crops by means of CRISPR/Cas9 technology has improved crop quality and yield and has become a popular strategy for many breeders to focus on and adopt. In this paper, the present status and achievements of CRISPR/Cas9 gene technology as applied to the improvement of quality in several crops are reviewed. In addition, the shortcomings, challenges and development prospects of CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxin Guo
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Qilu Institute of Technology, Jinan, 250200, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangdong Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Gao
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Qilu Institute of Technology, Jinan, 250200, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Zhang
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Qilu Institute of Technology, Jinan, 250200, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Qilu Institute of Technology, Jinan, 250200, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoming Cai
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Qilu Institute of Technology, Jinan, 250200, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuejiao Yuan
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Qilu Institute of Technology, Jinan, 250200, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xingqi Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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7
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Kaur G, Abugu M, Tieman D. The dissection of tomato flavor: biochemistry, genetics, and omics. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1144113. [PMID: 37346138 PMCID: PMC10281629 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1144113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Flavor and quality are the major drivers of fruit consumption in the US. However, the poor flavor of modern commercial tomato varieties is a major cause of consumer dissatisfaction. Studies in flavor research have informed the role of volatile organic compounds in improving overall liking and sweetness of tomatoes. These studies have utilized and applied the tools of molecular biology, genetics, biochemistry, omics, machine learning, and gene editing to elucidate the compounds and biochemical pathways essential for good tasting fruit. Here, we discuss the progress in identifying the biosynthetic pathways and chemical modifications of important tomato volatile compounds. We also summarize the advances in developing highly flavorful tomato varieties and future steps toward developing a "perfect tomato".
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurleen Kaur
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Modesta Abugu
- Department of Horticulture Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Denise Tieman
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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8
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Ravikiran KT, Thribhuvan R, Sheoran S, Kumar S, Kushwaha AK, Vineeth TV, Saini M. Tailoring crops with superior product quality through genome editing: an update. PLANTA 2023; 257:86. [PMID: 36949234 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04112-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this review, using genome editing, the quality trait alterations in important crops have been discussed, along with the challenges encountered to maintain the crop products' quality. The delivery of economic produce with superior quality is as important as high yield since it dictates consumer's acceptance and end use. Improving product quality of various agricultural and horticultural crops is one of the important targets of plant breeders across the globe. Significant achievements have been made in various crops using conventional plant breeding approaches, albeit, at a slower rate. To keep pace with ever-changing consumer tastes and preferences and industry demands, such efforts must be supplemented with biotechnological tools. Fortunately, many of the quality attributes are resultant of well-understood biochemical pathways with characterized genes encoding enzymes at each step. Targeted mutagenesis and transgene transfer have been instrumental in bringing out desired qualitative changes in crops but have suffered from various pitfalls. Genome editing, a technique for methodical and site-specific modification of genes, has revolutionized trait manipulation. With the evolution of versatile and cost effective CRISPR/Cas9 system, genome editing has gained significant traction and is being applied in several crops. The availability of whole genome sequences with the advent of next generation sequencing (NGS) technologies further enhanced the precision of these techniques. CRISPR/Cas9 system has also been utilized for desirable modifications in quality attributes of various crops such as rice, wheat, maize, barley, potato, tomato, etc. The present review summarizes salient findings and achievements of application of genome editing for improving product quality in various crops coupled with pointers for future research endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- K T Ravikiran
- ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Regional Research Station, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - R Thribhuvan
- ICAR-Central Research Institute for Jute and Allied Fibres, Barrackpore, West Bengal, India
| | - Seema Sheoran
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Regional Station, Karnal, Haryana, India.
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Natural Resins and Gums, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Amar Kant Kushwaha
- ICAR-Central Institute for Subtropical Horticulture, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - T V Vineeth
- ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Regional Research Station, Bharuch, Gujarat, India
- Department of Plant Physiology, College of Agriculture, Kerala Agricultural University, Vellanikkara, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | - Manisha Saini
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
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9
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Verma V, Kumar A, Partap M, Thakur M, Bhargava B. CRISPR-Cas: A robust technology for enhancing consumer-preferred commercial traits in crops. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1122940. [PMID: 36824195 PMCID: PMC9941649 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1122940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The acceptance of new crop varieties by consumers is contingent on the presence of consumer-preferred traits, which include sensory attributes, nutritional value, industrial products and bioactive compounds production. Recent developments in genome editing technologies provide novel insight to identify gene functions and improve the various qualitative and quantitative traits of commercial importance in plants. Various conventional as well as advanced gene-mutagenesis techniques such as physical and chemical mutagenesis, CRISPR-Cas9, Cas12 and base editors are used for the trait improvement in crops. To meet consumer demand, breakthrough biotechnologies, especially CRISPR-Cas have received a fair share of scientific and industrial interest, particularly in plant genome editing. CRISPR-Cas is a versatile tool that can be used to knock out, replace and knock-in the desired gene fragments at targeted locations in the genome, resulting in heritable mutations of interest. This review highlights the existing literature and recent developments in CRISPR-Cas technologies (base editing, prime editing, multiplex gene editing, epigenome editing, gene delivery methods) for reliable and precise gene editing in plants. This review also discusses the potential of gene editing exhibited in crops for the improvement of consumer-demanded traits such as higher nutritional value, colour, texture, aroma/flavour, and production of industrial products such as biofuel, fibre, rubber and pharmaceuticals. In addition, the bottlenecks and challenges associated with gene editing system, such as off targeting, ploidy level and the ability to edit organelle genome have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vipasha Verma
- Floriculture Laboratory, Agrotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) –Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (IHBT), Palampur, India
| | - Akhil Kumar
- Floriculture Laboratory, Agrotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) –Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (IHBT), Palampur, India
| | - Mahinder Partap
- Floriculture Laboratory, Agrotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) –Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (IHBT), Palampur, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Meenakshi Thakur
- Floriculture Laboratory, Agrotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) –Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (IHBT), Palampur, India
| | - Bhavya Bhargava
- Floriculture Laboratory, Agrotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) –Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (IHBT), Palampur, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
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10
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Zheng Q, Takei-Hoshi R, Okumura H, Ito M, Kawaguchi K, Otagaki S, Matsumoto S, Luo Z, Zhang Q, Shiratake K. Genome editing of SlMYB3R3, a cell cycle transcription factor gene of tomato, induces elongated fruit shape. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:7312-7325. [PMID: 36070755 PMCID: PMC9730800 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fruit shape is an important trait that attracts consumers, and the regulation of genes related to cell division is crucial for shaping multicellular organs. In Arabidopsis, MYB3R transcription factors, which harbor three imperfect repeats in the N-terminus, control organ growth by regulating cell division. However, the function of MYB3Rs in tomato remains unknown. Here, we characterized tomato SlMYB3R3, which was preferentially expressed in flowers and placed in a subclade with two Arabidopsis cell cycle suppressors (MYB3R3/5). slmyb3r3 knockout mutants were generated using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Morphological observation of the slmyb3r3 mutants showed that fruits that were elongated and occasionally peanut-like in shape were formed, which was caused by significantly increased cell numbers in the longitudinal direction. Transcriptome and yeast one-hybrid assay results suggested that SlMYB3R3 acted as a suppressor of cell-cycle-related genes by binding to the mitosis-specific activator (MSA) motifs in their promoters. Taken together, knock out of the suppressor SlMYB3R3 leads to elongated fruit, which results from the altered cell division pattern at the ovary stage, by regulating cell-cycle-related genes in an MSA-dependent manner. Our results suggest that SlMYB3R3 and its orthologs have the potential to change fruit shape as part of the molecular breeding of fruit crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyou Zheng
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Rie Takei-Hoshi
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Hitomi Okumura
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Masaki Ito
- School of Biological Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Kohei Kawaguchi
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Shungo Otagaki
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Shogo Matsumoto
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Zhengrong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qinglin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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11
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Xie Q, Xiong C, Yang Q, Zheng F, Larkin RM, Zhang J, Wang T, Zhang Y, Ouyang B, Lu Y, Ye J, Ye Z, Yang C. A novel regulatory complex mediated by Lanata (Ln) controls multicellular trichome formation in tomato. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 236:2294-2310. [PMID: 36102042 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Trichomes that originate from plant aerial epidermis act as mechanical and chemical barriers against herbivores. Although several regulators have recently been identified, the regulatory pathway underlying multicellular trichome formation remains largely unknown in tomato. Here, we report a novel HD-ZIP IV transcription factor, Lanata (Ln), a missense mutation which caused the hairy phenotype. Biochemical analyses demonstrate that Ln separately interacts with two trichome regulators, Woolly (Wo) and Hair (H). Genetic and molecular evidence demonstrates that Ln directly regulates the expression of H. The interaction between Ln and Wo can increase trichome density by enhancing the expression of SlCycB2 and SlCycB3, which we previously showed are involved in tomato trichome formation. Furthermore, SlCycB2 represses the transactivation of the SlCycB3 gene by Ln and vice versa. Our findings provide new insights into the novel regulatory network controlling multicellular trichome formation in tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingmin Xie
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Cheng Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Qihong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Fangyan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Robert M Larkin
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Junhong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Taotao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yuyang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Bo Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yongen Lu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jie Ye
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhibiao Ye
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Changxian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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Yang T, Ali M, Lin L, Li P, He H, Zhu Q, Sun C, Wu N, Zhang X, Huang T, Li CB, Li C, Deng L. Recoloring tomato fruit by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated multiplex gene editing. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2022; 10:uhac214. [PMID: 36643741 PMCID: PMC9832834 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Fruit color is an important horticultural trait, which greatly affects consumer preferences. In tomato, fruit color is determined by the accumulation of different pigments, such as carotenoids in the pericarp and flavonoids in the peel, along with the degradation of chlorophyll during fruit ripening. Since fruit color is a multigenic trait, it takes years to introgress all color-related genes in a single genetic background via traditional crossbreeding, and the avoidance of linkage drag during this process is difficult. Here, we proposed a rapid breeding strategy to generate tomato lines with different colored fruits from red-fruited materials by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated multiplex gene editing of three fruit color-related genes (PSY1, MYB12, and SGR1). Using this strategy, the red-fruited cultivar 'Ailsa Craig' has been engineered to a series of tomato genotypes with different fruit colors, including yellow, brown, pink, light-yellow, pink-brown, yellow-green, and light green. Compared with traditional crossbreeding, this strategy requires less time and can obtain transgene-free plants with different colored fruits in less than 1 year. Most importantly, it does not alter other important agronomic traits, like yield and fruit quality. Our strategy has great practical potential for tomato breeding and serves as a reference for improving multigene-controlled traits of horticultural crops.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ping Li
- Institute of Vegetable, Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China
| | - Hongju He
- Institute of Agri-food Processing and Nutrition, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Qiang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chuanlong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ning Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaofei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tingting Huang
- Institute of Vegetable, Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China
| | - Chang-Bao Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | | | - Lei Deng
- Corresponding authors. E-mail: ;
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13
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Mir TUG, Wani AK, Akhtar N, Shukla S. CRISPR/Cas9: Regulations and challenges for law enforcement to combat its dual-use. Forensic Sci Int 2022; 334:111274. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2022.111274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Gao L, Hao N, Wu T, Cao J. Advances in Understanding and Harnessing the Molecular Regulatory Mechanisms of Vegetable Quality. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:836515. [PMID: 35371173 PMCID: PMC8964363 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.836515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The quality of vegetables is facing new demands in terms of diversity and nutritional health. Given the improvements in living standards and the quality of consumed products, consumers are looking for vegetable products that maintain their nutrition, taste, and visual qualities. These requirements are directing scientists to focus on vegetable quality in breeding research. Thus, in recent years, research on vegetable quality has been widely carried out, and many applications have been developed via gene manipulation. In general, vegetable quality traits can be divided into three parts. First, commodity quality, which is most related to the commerciality of plants, refers to the appearance of the product. The second is flavor quality, which usually represents the texture and flavor of vegetables. Third, nutritional quality mainly refers to the contents of nutrients and health ingredients such as soluble solids (sugar), vitamin C, and minerals needed by humans. With biotechnological development, researchers can use gene manipulation technologies, such as molecular markers, transgenes and gene editing to improve the quality of vegetables. This review attempts to summarize recent studies on major vegetable crops species, with Brassicaceae, Solanaceae, and Cucurbitaceae as examples, to analyze the present situation of vegetable quality with the development of modern agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyao Gao
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Engineering Research Center for Horticultural Crop Germplasm Creation and New Variety Breeding, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory for Vegetable Biology of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Ning Hao
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tao Wu
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Engineering Research Center for Horticultural Crop Germplasm Creation and New Variety Breeding, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory for Vegetable Biology of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Jiajian Cao
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Engineering Research Center for Horticultural Crop Germplasm Creation and New Variety Breeding, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory for Vegetable Biology of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
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15
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Yang Y, Xu C, Shen Z, Yan C. Crop Quality Improvement Through Genome Editing Strategy. Front Genome Ed 2022; 3:819687. [PMID: 35174353 PMCID: PMC8841430 DOI: 10.3389/fgeed.2021.819687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Good quality of crops has always been the most concerning aspect for breeders and consumers. However, crop quality is a complex trait affected by both the genetic systems and environmental factors, thus, it is difficult to improve through traditional breeding strategies. Recently, the CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing system, enabling efficiently targeted modification, has revolutionized the field of quality improvement in most crops. In this review, we briefly review the various genome editing ability of the CRISPR/Cas9 system, such as gene knockout, knock-in or replacement, base editing, prime editing, and gene expression regulation. In addition, we highlight the advances in crop quality improvement applying the CRISPR/Cas9 system in four main aspects: macronutrients, micronutrients, anti-nutritional factors and others. Finally, the potential challenges and future perspectives of genome editing in crop quality improvement is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihao Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou, China
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Chenda Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ziyan Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou, China
| | - Changjie Yan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou, China
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Cheng GT, Li YS, Qi SM, Wang J, Zhao P, Lou QQ, Wang YF, Zhang XQ, Liang Y. SlCCD1A Enhances the Aroma Quality of Tomato Fruits by Promoting the Synthesis of Carotenoid-Derived Volatiles. Foods 2021; 10:2678. [PMID: 34828962 PMCID: PMC8621488 DOI: 10.3390/foods10112678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The loss of volatiles results in the deterioration of flavor in tomatoes. Volatiles are mainly derived from fatty acid, carotenoid, phenylpropane, and branched chain amino acids. In this study, the tomato accession CI1005 with a strong odor and accession TI4001 with a weak odor were analyzed. The volatile contents were measured in tomato fruits using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The scores of tomato taste and odor characteristics were evaluated according to hedonistic taste and olfaction. It was found that the content of fatty acid-derived volatiles accounted for more than half of the total volatiles that had grassy and fatty aromas. Phenylpropane-derived volatiles had irritation and floral aromas. Branched-chain amino acid-derived volatiles had a caramel aroma. Carotenoid-derived volatiles had floral, fruity, fatty, and sweet-like aromas, preferred by consumers. A lack of carotenoid-derived volatiles affected the flavor quality of tomato fruits. The accumulation of carotenoid-derived volatiles is regulated by carotenoid cleavage oxygenases (CCDs). A tissue-specific expression analysis of the SlCCD genes revealed that the expression levels of SlCCD1A and SlCCD1B were higher in tomato fruits than in other tissues. The expression levels of SlCCD1A and SlCCD1B were consistent with the trend of the carotenoid-derived volatile contents. The expression of SlCCD1A was higher than that for SlCCD1B. A bioinformatics analysis revealed that SlCCD1A was more closely linked to carotenoid metabolism than SlCCD1B. The overexpression of SlCCD1A indicated that it could cleave lycopene, α-carotene, and β-carotene to produce 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, geranylacetone, α-ionone, and β-ionone, increasing the floral, fruity, fatty, and sweet-like aromas of tomato fruits. The flavor quality of tomato fruits could be improved by overexpressing SlCCD1A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Ting Cheng
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (G.-T.C.); (Y.-S.L.); (S.-M.Q.); (J.W.); (P.Z.); (Q.-Q.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Regions, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Jujube, Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, China; (Y.-F.W.); (X.-Q.Z.)
- College of Life Science, Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, China
| | - Yu-Shun Li
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (G.-T.C.); (Y.-S.L.); (S.-M.Q.); (J.W.); (P.Z.); (Q.-Q.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Regions, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Shi-Ming Qi
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (G.-T.C.); (Y.-S.L.); (S.-M.Q.); (J.W.); (P.Z.); (Q.-Q.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Regions, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Jin Wang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (G.-T.C.); (Y.-S.L.); (S.-M.Q.); (J.W.); (P.Z.); (Q.-Q.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Regions, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Pan Zhao
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (G.-T.C.); (Y.-S.L.); (S.-M.Q.); (J.W.); (P.Z.); (Q.-Q.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Regions, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Qian-Qi Lou
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (G.-T.C.); (Y.-S.L.); (S.-M.Q.); (J.W.); (P.Z.); (Q.-Q.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Regions, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Yan-Feng Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Jujube, Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, China; (Y.-F.W.); (X.-Q.Z.)
- College of Life Science, Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, China
| | - Xiang-Qian Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Jujube, Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, China; (Y.-F.W.); (X.-Q.Z.)
- College of Life Science, Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, China
| | - Yan Liang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (G.-T.C.); (Y.-S.L.); (S.-M.Q.); (J.W.); (P.Z.); (Q.-Q.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Regions, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
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Xia X, Cheng X, Li R, Yao J, Li Z, Cheng Y. Advances in application of genome editing in tomato and recent development of genome editing technology. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2021; 134:2727-2747. [PMID: 34076729 PMCID: PMC8170064 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-021-03874-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Genome editing, a revolutionary technology in molecular biology and represented by the CRISPR/Cas9 system, has become widely used in plants for characterizing gene function and crop improvement. Tomato, serving as an excellent model plant for fruit biology research and making a substantial nutritional contribution to the human diet, is one of the most important applied plants for genome editing. Using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated targeted mutagenesis, the re-evaluation of tomato genes essential for fruit ripening highlights that several aspects of fruit ripening should be reconsidered. Genome editing has also been applied in tomato breeding for improving fruit yield and quality, increasing stress resistance, accelerating the domestication of wild tomato, and recently customizing tomato cultivars for urban agriculture. In addition, genome editing is continuously innovating, and several new genome editing systems such as the recent prime editing, a breakthrough in precise genome editing, have recently been applied in plants. In this review, these advances in application of genome editing in tomato and recent development of genome editing technology are summarized, and their leaving important enlightenment to plant research and precision plant breeding is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehan Xia
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China
- Center of Plant Functional Genomics, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Xinhua Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China
- Center of Plant Functional Genomics, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Rui Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China
- Center of Plant Functional Genomics, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Juanni Yao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Zhengguo Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China
- Center of Plant Functional Genomics, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Yulin Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China.
- Center of Plant Functional Genomics, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China.
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18
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Liu Q, Yang F, Zhang J, Liu H, Rahman S, Islam S, Ma W, She M. Application of CRISPR/Cas9 in Crop Quality Improvement. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4206. [PMID: 33921600 PMCID: PMC8073294 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The various crop species are major agricultural products and play an indispensable role in sustaining human life. Over a long period, breeders strove to increase crop yield and improve quality through traditional breeding strategies. Today, many breeders have achieved remarkable results using modern molecular technologies. Recently, a new gene-editing system, named the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 technology, has also succeeded in improving crop quality. It has become the most popular tool for crop improvement due to its versatility. It has accelerated crop breeding progress by virtue of its precision in specific gene editing. This review summarizes the current application of CRISPR/Cas9 technology in crop quality improvement. It includes the modulation in appearance, palatability, nutritional components and other preferred traits of various crops. In addition, the challenge in its future application is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qier Liu
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China;
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia; (F.Y.); (J.Z.); (H.L.); (S.R.); (S.I.)
| | - Fan Yang
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia; (F.Y.); (J.Z.); (H.L.); (S.R.); (S.I.)
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Jingjuan Zhang
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia; (F.Y.); (J.Z.); (H.L.); (S.R.); (S.I.)
| | - Hang Liu
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia; (F.Y.); (J.Z.); (H.L.); (S.R.); (S.I.)
| | - Shanjida Rahman
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia; (F.Y.); (J.Z.); (H.L.); (S.R.); (S.I.)
| | - Shahidul Islam
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia; (F.Y.); (J.Z.); (H.L.); (S.R.); (S.I.)
| | - Wujun Ma
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia; (F.Y.); (J.Z.); (H.L.); (S.R.); (S.I.)
| | - Maoyun She
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia; (F.Y.); (J.Z.); (H.L.); (S.R.); (S.I.)
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19
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Genome editing in fruit, ornamental, and industrial crops. Transgenic Res 2021; 30:499-528. [PMID: 33825100 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-021-00240-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The advent of genome editing has opened new avenues for targeted trait enhancement in fruit, ornamental, industrial, and all specialty crops. In particular, CRISPR-based editing systems, derived from bacterial immune systems, have quickly become routinely used tools for research groups across the world seeking to edit plant genomes with a greater level of precision, higher efficiency, reduced off-target effects, and overall ease-of-use compared to ZFNs and TALENs. CRISPR systems have been applied successfully to a number of horticultural and industrial crops to enhance fruit ripening, increase stress tolerance, modify plant architecture, control the timing of flower development, and enhance the accumulation of desired metabolites, among other commercially-important traits. As editing technologies continue to advance, so too does the ability to generate improved crop varieties with non-transgenic modifications; in some crops, direct transgene-free edits have already been achieved, while in others, T-DNAs have successfully been segregated out through crossing. In addition to the potential to produce non-transgenic edited crops, and thereby circumvent regulatory impediments to the release of new, improved crop varieties, targeted gene editing can speed up trait improvement in crops with long juvenile phases, reducing inputs resulting in faster market introduction to the market. While many challenges remain regarding optimization of genome editing in ornamental, fruit, and industrial crops, the ongoing discovery of novel nucleases with niche specialties for engineering applications may form the basis for additional and potentially crop-specific editing strategies.
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