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Chokejaroenrat C, Sakulthaew C, Chantakulvanich S, Angkaew A, Teingtham K, Phansak P, Poompoung T, Snow DD, Harris CE, Comfort SD. Enhanced degradation of herbicides in groundwater using sulfur-containing reductants and spinel zinc ferrite activated persulfate. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 892:164652. [PMID: 37295514 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A challenge to successfully implementing an injection-based remedial treatment in aquifers is to ensure that the oxidative reaction is efficient and lasts long enough to contact the contaminated plume. Our objective was to determine the efficacy of zinc ferrite nanocomposites (ZnFe2O4) and sulfur-containing reductants (SCR) (i.e., dithionite; DTN and bisulfite; BS) to co-activate persulfate (S2O82-; PS) and treat herbicide-contaminated water. We also evaluated the ecotoxicity of the treated water. While both SCRs delivered excellent PS activation in a 1:0.4 ratio (PS:SCR), the reaction was relatively short-lived. By including ZnFe2O4 in the PS/BS or PS/DTN activations, herbicide degradation rates dramatically increased by factors of 2.5 to 11.3. This was due to the SO4- and OH reactive radical species that formed. Radical scavenging experiments and ZnFe2O4 XPS spectra results revealed that SO4- was the dominant reactive species that originated from S(IV)/PS activation in solution and from the Fe(II)/PS activation that occurred on the ZnFe2O4 surface. Based on liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS), atrazine and alachlor degradation pathways are proposed that involve both dehydration and hydroxylation. In 1-D column experiments, five different treatment scenarios were run using 14C-labeled and unlabeled atrazine, and 3H2O to quantify changes in breakthrough curves. Our results confirmed that ZnFe2O4 successfully prolonged the PS oxidative treatment despite the SCR being completely dissociated. Toxicity testing showed treated 14C-atrazine was more biodegradable than the parent compound in soil microcosms. Post-treatment water (25 %, v/v) also had less impact on both Zea Mays L. and Vigna radiata L. seedling growth, but more impact on root anatomies, while ≤4 % of the treated water started to exert cytotoxicity (<80 % viability) on ELT3 cell lines. Overall, the findings confirm that ZnFe2O4/SCR/PS reaction is efficient and relatively longer lasting in treating herbicide-contaminated groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanat Chokejaroenrat
- Department of Environmental Technology and Management, Faculty of Environment, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
| | - Chainarong Sakulthaew
- Department of Veterinary Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Technology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
| | - Sirimon Chantakulvanich
- Department of Environmental Technology and Management, Faculty of Environment, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Athaphon Angkaew
- Department of Environmental Technology and Management, Faculty of Environment, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Kanokwan Teingtham
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture at Kamphaeng Saen, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand.
| | - Piyaporn Phansak
- Division of Biology, Faculty of Science, Nakhon Phanom University, Nakhon Phanom 48000, Thailand.
| | - Thapanee Poompoung
- Department of Veterinary Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Technology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
| | - Daniel D Snow
- Water Sciences Laboratory, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583-0844, USA.
| | - Clifford E Harris
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Albion College, Albion, MI 49224, USA.
| | - Steve D Comfort
- School of Natural Resources, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583-0915, USA.
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Real-Time Monitoring of the Atrazine Degradation by Liquid Chromatography and High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry: Effect of Fenton Process and Ultrasound Treatment. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27249021. [PMID: 36558153 PMCID: PMC9785566 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27249021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
High resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) was coupled with ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (uHPLC) to monitor atrazine (ATZ) degradation process of Fenton/ultrasound (US) treatment in real time. Samples were automatically taken through a peristaltic pump, and then analysed by HPLC-HRMS. The injection in the mass spectrometer was performed every 4 min for 2 h. ATZ and its degradation metabolites were sampled and identified. Online Fenton experiments in different equivalents of Fenton reagents, online US experiments with/without Fe2+ and offline Fenton experiments were conducted. Higher equivalents of Fenton reagents promoted the degradation rate of ATZ and the generation of the late-products such as Ammeline (AM). Besides, adding Fe2+ accelerated ATZ degradation in US treatment. In offline Fenton, the degradation rate of ATZ was higher than that of online Fenton, suggesting the offline samples were still reacting in the vial. The online analysis precisely controls the effect of reagents over time through automatic sampling and rapid detection, which greatly improves the measurement accuracy. The experimental set up proposed here both prevents the degradation of potentially unstable metabolites and provides a good way to track each metabolite.
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Degradation of Residual Herbicide Atrazine in Agri-Food and Washing Water. Foods 2022; 11:foods11162416. [PMID: 36010414 PMCID: PMC9407628 DOI: 10.3390/foods11162416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Atrazine, an herbicide used to control grassy and broadleaf weed, has become an essential part of agricultural crop protection tools. It is widely sprayed on corn, sorghum and sugar cane, with the attendant problems of its residues in agri-food and washing water. If ingested into humans, this residual atrazine can cause reproductive harm, developmental toxicity and carcinogenicity. It is therefore important to find clean and economical degradation processes for atrazine. In recent years, many physical, chemical and biological methods have been proposed to remove atrazine from the aquatic environment. This review introduces the research works of atrazine degradation in aqueous solutions by method classification. These methods are then compared by their advantages, disadvantages, and different degradation pathways of atrazine. Moreover, the existing toxicological experimental data for atrazine and its metabolites are summarized. Finally, the review concludes with directions for future research and major challenges to be addressed.
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Cooperation of multi-walled carbon nanotubes and cobalt doped TiO2 to activate peroxymonosulfate for antipyrine photocatalytic degradation. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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5
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Wen D, Chen B, Liu B. An ultrasound/O 3 and UV/O 3 process for atrazine manufacturing wastewater treatment: a multiple scale experimental study. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2022; 85:229-243. [PMID: 35050879 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2021.633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
An ultraviolet (UV) and ultrasound (US) enhanced ozonation method were developed to investigate their efficiency on the removal of atrazine and chemical oxygen demand (COD) in authentic atrazine manufacturing wastewater. The bench-scale tests suggested a positive effect of UV and US on the degradation of atrazine within a limited energy range. The pilot-scale flow-through system was further tested by using response surface methodology. The results showed that O3 and its interaction with UV promoted the degradation of both COD and atrazine while its interaction with US inhibited the removal of COD but promoted the removal of atrazine. The optimal removal rate of atrazine (96.9%) was achieved in the condition of 6.86 W/L UV, 1.96 g/L·h O3 and 294 W/L US. Chloride ions hindered the atrazine degradation, but the generated free chlorine radicals were still able to react with atrazine. In terms of energy-effectiveness, the configuration of 14.7 W/L UV and 1.96 g/L·h O3 is the best option, which have the electrical energy per order of 181.6 kWh/m3 for atrazine and 0.13 kWh/g COD. These method and findings could be helpful in the development of energy-efficient advanced oxidation processes in treating wastewater with high salinity and COD loadings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diya Wen
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Bing Chen
- Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X5, Canada E-mail:
| | - Bo Liu
- Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X5, Canada E-mail:
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Patidar R, Srivastava VC. Evaluation of the sono-assisted photolysis method for the mineralization of toxic pollutants. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.117903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
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Bhat AP, Gogate PR. Degradation of nitrogen-containing hazardous compounds using advanced oxidation processes: A review on aliphatic and aromatic amines, dyes, and pesticides. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 403:123657. [PMID: 33264866 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen-containing amino and azo compounds are widely used in textile, agricultural and chemical industries. Most of these compounds have been demonstrated to be resistant to conventional degradation processes. Advanced oxidation processes can be effective to mineralize nitrogen-containing compounds and improve the efficacy of overall treatment schemes. Due to a global concern for the occurrence of toxic and hazardous amino-compounds and their harmful degradation products in water, it is important to develop technologies that focus on all the aspects of their degradation. Our focus is to present a state-of-the-art review on the degradation of several amine- and azo-based compounds using advanced oxidation processes. The categories reviewed are aromatic amines, aliphatic amines, N-containing dyes and N-containing pesticides. Data has been compiled for degradation efficiencies of each process, reaction mechanisms focusing on specific attack of oxidants on N atoms, the effect of process parameters like pH, initial concentration, time of treatment, etc. and identification of intermediates. Several AOPs have been compared to provide a systematic overview of available literature that will drive essential aspects of future research on amine-based compounds. Ozone is observed to be highly reactive to most amines, dyes and pesticides, followed by Fenton processes. Degradation of amines is highly sensitive to pH and mechanisms differ at different pH values. Cavitation is a promising alternative pre-treatment method for cost reduction. Hybrid methods under optimized conditions are demonstrated to give synergistic effects and must be tailored for specific effluents in question. In conclusion, even though nitrogen-containing compounds are recalcitrant in nature, the use of advanced oxidation processes at carefully established optimum conditions can yield highly efficient degradation of the compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akash P Bhat
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai, 400019, India
| | - Parag R Gogate
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai, 400019, India.
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Enhancement of Sono-Fenton by P25-Mediated Visible Light Photocatalysis: Analysis of Synergistic Effect and Influence of Emerging Contaminant Properties. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10111297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The main purpose is to figure out the involved synergistic effects by combining sono-Fenton using in situ generated H2O2 and the photocatalytic process of P25 under visible light (Vis/P25). Two emerging contaminants, dimethyl phthalate (DMP) and diethyl phthalate (DEP), with similar structure but different properties were selected to examine the influence of hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties of target pollutants. Results show that there is synergy between sono-Fenton and Vis/P25, and more significant synergy can be obtained with low dose of Fe3+ or Fe2+ (0.02 mM) and for more hydrophilic DMP. Based on systematic analysis, the primary mechanism of the synergy is found to be the fast regeneration of Fe2+ by photo-electrons from P25 photocatalysis, which plays the dominant role when the Fe3+/Fe2+ concentration is low (0.02 mM). However, at high Fe3+/Fe2+ concentration (0.5 mM), the photoreduction of Fe(III) to Fe2+ can play a key role with relatively low efficiency. By studying the degradation intermediates of both DMP and DEP, the degradation pathways can be determined as the hydroxylation of aromatic ring and the oxidation of the aliphatic chain. Better mineralization performance is achieved for DMP than that for DEP due to the enhanced utilization efficiency of H2O2 by accelerating Fe2+ regeneration.
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9
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Xu L, Zhang X, Han J, Gong H, Meng L, Mei X, Sun Y, Qi L, Gan L. Degradation of emerging contaminants by sono-Fenton process with in situ generated H 2O 2 and the improvement by P25-mediated visible light irradiation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 391:122229. [PMID: 32044626 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Developing advanced treatment methods to minimize the release of emerging contaminants to natural water has become a matter of considerable interest. Sono-Fenton process was investigated to degrade bisphenol A (BPA) and sulfadiazine (SDZ). The H2O2 generated in situ was used as the exclusive source. Results showed that, the 400 kHz ultrasound is more efficient in creating homogeneous sono-Fenton than the 20 kHz apparatus due to the higher production of OH. Influence of Fe2+ was more remarkable on the degradation of hydrophilic SDZ, and its degradation kinetics was well fitted by two-stage kinetic model. However, the Fe2+ and H2O2 were unproductively wasted, which could not be improved by changing the dosing modes of Fe2+. The presence of P25 under visible light irradiation could significantly accelerate SDZ degradation at small amount of iron precursors, mainly via promoting the Fe2+/Fe3+ cycling by the photoelectrons. Moreover, SDZ degradation in sono-Fenton process was significantly inhibited at pH > 7, but the inhibition was very weak in P25-assisted sono-Fenton process. The presence of P25 also improved the mineralization. Three primary degradation pathways of SDZ degradation were proposed, including the attacking of the benzene ring, the oxidation of the amino group and the extrusion of SO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijie Xu
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomeng Zhang
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangang Han
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Han Gong
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Meng
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Mei
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Sun
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lanyue Qi
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Gan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Xu L, Wang X, Sun Y, Gong H, Guo M, Zhang X, Meng L, Gan L. Mechanistic study on the combination of ultrasound and peroxymonosulfate for the decomposition of endocrine disrupting compounds. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2020; 60:104749. [PMID: 31494466 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.104749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The effectiveness and synergistic mechanisms of combining ultrasonic process (US) with peroxymonosulfate (PMS) were investigated using Bisphenol A (BPA) and Dimethyl Phthalate (DMP) as the model pollutants. Synergy between US and PMS improved the degradation of target pollutants, and PMS was found to play a dual role. The optimum dosage of PMS and the extent of efficiency promotion were found to depend on not only the ultrasonic frequency but also on the hydrophobicity of target pollutants. The scavenger quenching experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance analysis indicated that OH was responsible for DMP degradation in both US and US/PMS processes. The chemical probe experiments also proved that activation of PMS could increase the production of OH while excess PMS consumed the available radicals. Furthermore, it was found for the first time that the constituent salts of KHSO4 and K2SO4 in the commercial Oxone also made considerable influence on US/PMS process. It was also found that the combination of US and PMS showed more pronounced synergistic effect for treating DMP at lower concentrations. Higher efficiency was achieved at more acidic condition and similar efficiencies were obtained at pH range of 5.1 ~ 8.12. DMP degradation pathways were found to be the OH addition to the aromatic ring and hydrogen absorption at the aliphatic chains with and without the presence of PMS, but much better mineralization capability was obtained in the presence of PMS than ultrasonic degradation alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijie Xu
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaotian Wang
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Sun
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Gong
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingzhi Guo
- College of Mechanics and Materials, Hohai University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomeng Zhang
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Meng
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Gan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Wang G, Cheng C, Zhu J, Wang L, Gao S, Xia X. Enhanced degradation of atrazine by nanoscale LaFe 1-xCu xO 3-δ perovskite activated peroxymonosulfate: Performance and mechanism. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 673:565-575. [PMID: 30999097 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Cu-doped LaFeO3 perovskite (LaFe1-xCuxO3-δ, LFCx) synthesized using a sol-gel method was introduced in the heterogeneous activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for atrazine degradation. The obtained LFCx catalysts were characterized by several technologies and the results showed that Cu was incorporated into the perovskites lattice successfully. In addition, the introduction of Cu resulted in the mixed valence state of Fe(III)/Fe(II) and Cu(II)/Cu(I) in perovskite structure. LaFe0.8Cu0.2O3-δ (LFC0.2) exhibited excellent catalytic activity and stability towards the degradation of atrazine. Atrazine (23 μM) was removed completely within 60 min in the presence of 0.5 g/L catalyst and 0.5 mM PMS. The efficient degradation was obtained when the initial pH ranged from 2 to 10. Sulfate radicals (SO4•-) and hydroxyl radicals (HO•) generated during activation process were determined as the main reactive species based on the electron spin resonance (ESR) studies and radical quenching experiments. The enhanced catalytic activity derived from the lower valence state of Fe and Cu as well as the synergetic effect between them. A surface catalyzed-redox cycle between Fe(III)/Fe(II) and Cu(II)/Cu(I), along with surface hydroxyl groups (-OH), were all responsible for the decomposition of PMS. The oxygen vacancies could promote the chemical bonding with PMS and enhance the reactivity of Fe and Cu. The 12 transformation products were determined by LC-MS and the degradation mechanisms were further proposed, which involved five different pathways. The perovskite that possesses bimetallic active sites can be a promising catalyst for PMS activation towards the degradation of persistent organic pollutants with high-efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoying Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, PR China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, PR China; Research Center for Rural Environmental Protection, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Jianchao Zhu
- Research Center for Rural Environmental Protection, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Lijun Wang
- Research Center for Rural Environmental Protection, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Shengwang Gao
- Research Center for Rural Environmental Protection, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Xunfeng Xia
- Research Center for Rural Environmental Protection, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China.
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Youssef L, Younes G, Al-Oweini R. Photocatalytic degradation of atrazine by heteropolyoxotungstates. JOURNAL OF TAIBAH UNIVERSITY FOR SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/16583655.2018.1563368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Loubna Youssef
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ghassan Younes
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rami Al-Oweini
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
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13
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Jing L, Chen B, Wen D, Zheng J, Zhang B. The removal of COD and NH 3-N from atrazine production wastewater treatment using UV/O 3: experimental investigation and kinetic modeling. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:2691-2701. [PMID: 29134527 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0701-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a UV/O3 hybrid advanced oxidation system was used to remove chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), and atrazine (ATZ) from ATZ production wastewater. The removal of COD and NH3-N, under different UV and O3 conditions, was found to follow pseudo-first-order kinetics with rate constants ranging from 0.0001-0.0048 and 0.0015-0.0056 min-1, respectively. The removal efficiency of ATZ was over 95% after 180 min treatment, regardless the level of UV power. A kinetic model was further proposed to simulate the removal processes and to quantify the individual roles and contributions of photolysis, direct O3 oxidation, and hydroxyl radical (OH·) induced oxidation. The experimental and kinetic modeling results agreed reasonably well with deviations of 12.2 and 13.1% for the removal of COD and NH3-N, respectively. Photolysis contributed appreciably to the degradation of ATZ, while OH· played a dominant role for the removal of both COD and NH3-N, especially in alkaline environments. This study provides insights into the treatment of ATZ containing wastewater using UV/O3 and broadens the knowledge of kinetics of ozone-based advanced oxidation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Jing
- Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1B 3X5, Canada
| | - Bing Chen
- Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1B 3X5, Canada.
- Key Laboratory of Regional Energy and Environmental Systems Optimization, Ministry of Education, Resources and Environmental Research Academy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China.
| | - Diya Wen
- Key Laboratory of Regional Energy and Environmental Systems Optimization, Ministry of Education, Resources and Environmental Research Academy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Jisi Zheng
- Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1B 3X5, Canada
| | - Baiyu Zhang
- Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1B 3X5, Canada
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14
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Jing L, Chen B, Wen D, Zheng J, Zhang B. Pilot-scale treatment of atrazine production wastewater by UV/O 3/ultrasound: Factor effects and system optimization. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2017; 203:182-190. [PMID: 28783014 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study shed light on removing atrazine from pesticide production wastewater using a pilot-scale UV/O3/ultrasound flow-through system. A significant quadratic polynomial prediction model with an adjusted R2 of 0.90 was obtained from central composite design with response surface methodology. The optimal atrazine removal rate (97.68%) was obtained at the conditions of 75 W UV power, 10.75 g h-1 O3 flow rate and 142.5 W ultrasound power. A Monte Carlo simulation aided artificial neural networks model was further developed to quantify the importance of O3 flow rate (40%), UV power (30%) and ultrasound power (30%). Their individual and interaction effects were also discussed in terms of reaction kinetics. UV and ultrasound could both enhance the decomposition of O3 and promote hydroxyl radical (OH·) formation. Nonetheless, the dose of O3 was the dominant factor and must be optimized because excess O3 can react with OH·, thereby reducing the rate of atrazine degradation. The presence of other organic compounds in the background matrix appreciably inhibited the degradation of atrazine, while the effects of Cl-, CO32- and HCO3- were comparatively negligible. It was concluded that the optimization of system performance using response surface methodology and neural networks would be beneficial for scaling up the treatment by UV/O3/ultrasound at industrial level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Jing
- Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X5, Canada
| | - Bing Chen
- Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X5, Canada; Key Laboratory of Regional Energy and Environmental Systems Optimization, Ministry of Education, Resources and Environmental Research Academy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Diya Wen
- Key Laboratory of Regional Energy and Environmental Systems Optimization, Ministry of Education, Resources and Environmental Research Academy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Jisi Zheng
- Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X5, Canada
| | - Baiyu Zhang
- Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X5, Canada
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15
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The process of atrazine degradation, its mechanism, and the formation of metabolites using UV and UV/MW photolysis. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2017.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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16
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Zhao X, Wang L, Ma F, Bai S, Yang J, Qi S. Pseudomonas sp. ZXY-1, a newly isolated and highly efficient atrazine-degrading bacterium, and optimization of biodegradation using response surface methodology. J Environ Sci (China) 2017; 54:152-159. [PMID: 28391924 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2016.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Atrazine, a widely used herbicide, is increasing the agricultural production effectively, while also causing great environmental concern. Efficient atrazine-degrading bacterium is necessary to removal atrazine rapidly to keep a safe environment. In the present study, a new atrazine-degrading strain ZXY-1, identified as Pseudomonas, was isolated. This new isolated strain has a strong ability to biodegrade atrazine with a high efficiency of 9.09mg/L/hr. Temperature, pH, inoculum size and initial atrazine concentration were examined to further optimize the degradation of atrazine, and the synthetic effect of these factors were investigated by the response surface methodology. With a high quadratic polynomial mathematical model (R2=0.9821) being obtained, the highest biodegradation efficiency of 19.03mg/L/hr was reached compared to previous reports under the optimal conditions (30.71°C, pH7.14, 4.23% (V/V) inoculum size and 157.1mg/L initial atrazine concentration). Overall, this study provided an efficient bacterium and approach that could be potentially useful for the bioremediation of wastewater containing atrazine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Fang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Shunwen Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Jixian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Shanshan Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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17
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18
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Dong J, Wang L, Ma F, Yang J, Zhang X, Zhao T, Qi S. Effects of Funnelliformis mosseae inoculation on alleviating atrazine damage in Canna indica L. var. flava Roxb. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2017; 19:46-55. [PMID: 27484395 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2016.1216079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Atrazine residue in the environment continually damages plants and therefore requires immediate attention and effective development of methods for its decontamination. The effects of Funnelliformis mosseae inoculation on growth and physiology in atrazine-treated Canna indica L. var. flava Roxb. were investigated. At atrazine concentrations up to 15 mg L-1, the growth of C. indica plants were negatively affected. Inoculation with F. mosseae alleviated the atrazine inhibition of plant growth and biomass. Furthermore, the chlorophyll content and root function increased under F. mosseae inoculation, and the oxidative stress of malondialdehyde, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase activities induced by atrazine were also alleviated by F. mosseae inoculation. The removal rate of atrazine by untreated C. indica was significant, with removal rates of 20.5-55.3% by the end of a 14-day experiment; however, F. mosseae inoculation increased the removal rate to 35.6-75.1%. In conclusion, F. mosseae inoculation can alleviate the damage induced by atrazine in C. indica. Accordingly, C. indica inoculated with F. mosseae has excellent potential to be used in phytoremediation in habitats polluted by high atrazine concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Dong
- a School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering , Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin , China
| | - Li Wang
- a School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering , Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin , China
| | - Fang Ma
- a School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering , Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin , China
| | - Jixian Yang
- a School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering , Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin , China
| | - Xue Zhang
- a School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering , Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin , China
| | - Ting Zhao
- a School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering , Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin , China
| | - Shanshan Qi
- a School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering , Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin , China
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19
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Lyu G, Shi G, Tang L, Fang H, Wu M. Mechanism of degradation of a nitrogenous heterocycle induced by a reductive radical: decomposition of a sym-triazine ring. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:9354-9357. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp00004a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cyanuric acid, a major component of many materials and chemicals, and also the most important intermediate in the degradation processes of sym-triazine compounds in the natural environment, as well as being used for water treatment, was selected to elucidate the mechanism of degradation of nitrogenous materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gengxin Lyu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200444
- China
- Division of Interfacial Water and Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology
| | - Guosheng Shi
- Division of Interfacial Water and Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 201800
- China
| | - Liang Tang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200444
- China
| | - Haiping Fang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200444
- China
- Division of Interfacial Water and Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology
| | - Minghong Wu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200444
- China
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20
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Khandarkhaeva MS, Aseev DG, Sizykh MR, Batoeva AA. Oxidation of atrazine by photoactivated potassium persulfate in aqueous solutions. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s003602441611011x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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21
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Vida AC, Cocovi-Solberg DJ, Zagatto EA, Miró M. Rapid estimation of readily leachable triazine residues in soils using automatic kinetic bioaccessibility assays followed by on-line sorptive clean-up as a front-end to liquid chromatography. Talanta 2016; 156-157:71-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.04.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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22
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Feng J, Jiang L, Zhu D, Su K, Zhao D, Zhang J, Zheng Z. Dielectric barrier discharge plasma induced degradation of aqueous atrazine. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:9204-9214. [PMID: 26832879 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6148-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Degradation of herbicide atrazine in aqueous solution was investigated using a plate type dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma reactor. DBD plasma was generated at the gas-liquid interface of the formed water film. At discharge time of 14 min, atrazine was degradated effectively with a degradation rate of 99 % at the discharge power of 200 W. The experimental data fitted well with first-order kinetics and the energy efficiency for 90 % degradation of atrazine (G value) was calculated, obtaining a rate constant of 0.35 min(-1) and a G value of 1.27 × 10(-10) mol J(-1) (98.76 mg kW(-1) h(-1)) at a discharge power of 200 W, respectively. The addition of Fe(2+) increased the rate constant and G value dramatically, and a significant decrease of the rate constant and G value was observed with the addition of radical scavengers (tert-butyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, or Na2CO3). The generated aqueous O3 and H2O2 were determined, which promoted the degradation of herbicide atrazine. Dechlorination was observed and the experimentally detected Cl(-) was 1.52 mg L(-1) at a discharge time of 14 min. The degradation intermediates of atrazine were detected by means of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; dechlorination, hydroxylation, dealkylation, and alkyl oxidation processes were involved in the degradation pathways of atrazine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Feng
- School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210046, China
| | - Lin Jiang
- School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Dan Zhu
- School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Kuizu Su
- School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Dayong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Jibiao Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Zheng Zheng
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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23
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Dong J, Wang L, Ma F, Yang J, Qi S, Zhao T. The effect of Funnelliformis mosseae inoculation on the phytoremediation of atrazine by the aquatic plant Canna indica L. var. flava Roxb. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra23583a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Funnelliformis mosseaeinoculation exhibited a beneficial effect on the phytoremediation of atrazine in water by the aquatic plantCanna indicaL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Dong
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150090
- People's Republic of China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150090
- People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Ma
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150090
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jixian Yang
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150090
- People's Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Qi
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150090
- People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Zhao
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150090
- People's Republic of China
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24
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25
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Liang X, Wang L, Ma F, Lou H, Jiang X, Li Z. Degradation of atrazine from the riparian zone with a PEC system based on an anode of N–S–TiO2 nanocrystal-modified TiO2 nanotubes and an activated carbon photocathode. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra11256k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we developed a photoelectrochemical (PEC) system based on an anode of N–S–TiO2 nanocrystal-modified TiO2 nanotubes and an activated carbon photocathode to degrade atrazine from the riparian zone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiongwei Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150090
- China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150090
- China
| | - Fang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150090
- China
| | - Huan Lou
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering
- Henan Normal University
- Xinxiang 453007
- China
| | - Xiaofeng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150090
- China
| | - Zhe Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150090
- China
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26
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Vanraes P, Willems G, Nikiforov A, Surmont P, Lynen F, Vandamme J, Van Durme J, Verheust YP, Van Hulle SWH, Dumoulin A, Leys C. Removal of atrazine in water by combination of activated carbon and dielectric barrier discharge. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2015; 299:647-655. [PMID: 26282086 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.07.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Revised: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Efficiency of modern wastewater treatment plants to remove or decompose persistent contaminants in low concentration is often insufficient to meet the demands imposed by governmental laws. Novel, efficient and cheap methods are required to address this global issue. We developed a new type of plasma reactor, in which atrazine decomposition by atmospheric dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) in dry air is combined with micropollutant adsorption on activated carbon textile and with extra bubbling of generated ozone. Investigation of reaction kinetics and by-product analysis shows that increasing input power with a factor 3.5 leads to deeper atrazine oxidation without significantly changing energy yield of atrazine removal. By-products of first and later generations are detected with HPLC-MS analysis in water and adsorbed on the activated carbon textile. Our reactor is compared in energy efficiency with reactors described in literature, showing that combination of plasma discharge with pollutant adsorption and ozone recycling is attractive for future applications of water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Vanraes
- Department of Applied Physics, Ghent University, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41 B4, 9000 Gent, Belgium.
| | - Gert Willems
- Department of Applied Physics, Ghent University, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41 B4, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Anton Nikiforov
- Department of Applied Physics, Ghent University, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41 B4, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Pieter Surmont
- Separation Science Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4-bis, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Frederic Lynen
- Separation Science Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4-bis, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Vandamme
- Research Group Molecular Odor Chemistry, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), KU Leuven, Technology Campus, Gebroeders De Smetstraat 1, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Jim Van Durme
- Research Group Molecular Odor Chemistry, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), KU Leuven, Technology Campus, Gebroeders De Smetstraat 1, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Yannick P Verheust
- Department of Industrial Biological Sciences, Ghent University, Graaf Karel de Goedelaan 5, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Stijn W H Van Hulle
- Department of Industrial Biological Sciences, Ghent University, Graaf Karel de Goedelaan 5, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Ann Dumoulin
- Department of Industrial Biological Sciences, Ghent University, Graaf Karel de Goedelaan 5, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Christophe Leys
- Department of Applied Physics, Ghent University, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41 B4, 9000 Gent, Belgium
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27
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Vanraes P, Willems G, Daels N, Van Hulle SWH, De Clerck K, Surmont P, Lynen F, Vandamme J, Van Durme J, Nikiforov A, Leys C. Decomposition of atrazine traces in water by combination of non-thermal electrical discharge and adsorption on nanofiber membrane. WATER RESEARCH 2015; 72:361-371. [PMID: 25482844 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2014.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2014] [Revised: 11/02/2014] [Accepted: 11/08/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, several types of persistent substances are detected in the aquatic environment at very low concentrations. Unfortunately, conventional water treatment processes are not able to remove these micropollutants. As such, advanced treatment methods are required to meet both current and anticipated maximally allowed concentrations. Plasma discharge in contact with water is a promising new technology, since it produces a wide spectrum of oxidizing species. In this study, a new type of reactor is tested, in which decomposition by atmospheric pulsed direct barrier discharge (pDBD) plasma is combined with micropollutant adsorption on a nanofiber polyamide membrane. Atrazine is chosen as model micropollutant with an initial concentration of 30 μg/L. While the H2O2 and O3 production in the reactor is not influenced by the presence of the membrane, there is a significant increase in atrazine decomposition when the membrane is added. With membrane, 85% atrazine removal can be obtained in comparison to only 61% removal without membrane, at the same experimental parameters. The by-products of atrazine decomposition identified by HPLC-MS are deethylatrazine and ammelide. Formation of these by-products is more pronounced when the membrane is added. These results indicate the synergetic effect of plasma discharge and pollutant adsorption, which is attractive for future applications of water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Vanraes
- Department of Applied Physics, Ghent University, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41 B4, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Gert Willems
- Department of Applied Physics, Ghent University, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41 B4, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nele Daels
- Department of Textiles, Ghent University, Technologiepark 907, 9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium; Department of Industrial Biological Sciences, Ghent University, Graaf Karel de Goedelaan 5, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Stijn W H Van Hulle
- Department of Industrial Biological Sciences, Ghent University, Graaf Karel de Goedelaan 5, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Karen De Clerck
- Department of Textiles, Ghent University, Technologiepark 907, 9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium
| | - Pieter Surmont
- Separation Science Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Universiteit Gent, Krijgslaan 281 S4-bis, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Frederic Lynen
- Separation Science Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Universiteit Gent, Krijgslaan 281 S4-bis, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Vandamme
- Research Group Molecular Odor Chemistry, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), KU Leuven, Technology Campus, Gebroeders De Smetstraat 1, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jim Van Durme
- Research Group Molecular Odor Chemistry, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), KU Leuven, Technology Campus, Gebroeders De Smetstraat 1, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Anton Nikiforov
- Department of Applied Physics, Ghent University, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41 B4, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Institute of Solution Chemistry RAS, Academicheskaya 1, 153012 Ivanovo, Russia
| | - Christophe Leys
- Department of Applied Physics, Ghent University, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41 B4, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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28
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Ribeiro AR, Nunes OC, Pereira MFR, Silva AMT. An overview on the advanced oxidation processes applied for the treatment of water pollutants defined in the recently launched Directive 2013/39/EU. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2015; 75:33-51. [PMID: 25461413 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2014.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 407] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 10/26/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Environmental pollution is a recognized issue of major concern since a wide range of contaminants has been found in aquatic environment at ngL(-1) to μgL(-1) levels. In the year 2000, a strategy was defined to identify the priority substances concerning aquatic ecosystems, followed by the definition of environmental quality standards (EQS) in 2008. Recently it was launched the Directive 2013/39/EU that updates the water framework policy highlighting the need to develop new water treatment technologies to deal with such problem. This review summarizes the data published in the last decade regarding the application of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) to treat priority compounds and certain other pollutants defined in this Directive, excluding the inorganic species (cadmium, lead, mercury, nickel and their derivatives). The Directive 2013/39/EU includes several pesticides (aldrin, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, dicofol, dieldrin, endrin, endosulfan, isodrin, heptachlor, lindane, pentachlorophenol, chlorpyrifos, chlorfenvinphos, dichlorvos, atrazine, simazine, terbutryn, diuron, isoproturon, trifluralin, cypermethrin, alachlor), solvents (dichloromethane, dichloroethane, trichloromethane and carbon tetrachloride), perfluorooctane sulfonic acid and its derivatives (PFOS), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), nonylphenol and octylphenol, as well as the three compounds included in the recommendation for the first watch list of substances (diclofenac, 17-alpha-ethinylestradiol (EE2) and 17-beta-estradiol (E2)). Some particular pesticides (aclonifen, bifenox, cybutryne, quinoxyfen), organotin compounds (tributyltin), dioxins and dioxin-like compounds, brominated diphenylethers, hexabromocyclododecanes and di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate are also defined in this Directive, but studies dealing with AOPs are missing. AOPs are recognized tools to destroy recalcitrant compounds or, at least, to transform them into biodegradable species. Diuron (a phenylurea herbicide) and atrazine (from the triazine chemical class) are the most studied pesticides from Directive 2013/39/EU. Fenton-based processes are the most frequently applied to treat priority compounds in water and their efficiency typically increases with the operating temperature as well as under UV or solar light. Heterogeneous photocatalysis is the second most used treatment to destroy pollutants defined in the Directive. Ozone alone promotes the partial oxidation of pollutants, and an increase in the effluent biodegradability, but complete mineralization of pollutants is difficult. To overcome this drawback, ozonation has been combined with heterogeneous catalysts, addition of H2O2, other AOPs (such as photocatalysis) or membrane technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana R Ribeiro
- LCM - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials - Associate Laboratory LSRE-LCM, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Olga C Nunes
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuel F R Pereira
- LCM - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials - Associate Laboratory LSRE-LCM, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Adrián M T Silva
- LCM - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials - Associate Laboratory LSRE-LCM, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
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