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Tinkov AA, Skalny AV, Domingo JL, Samarghandian S, Kirichuk AA, Aschner M. A review of the epidemiological and laboratory evidence of the role of aluminum exposure in pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 242:117740. [PMID: 38007081 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to review the epidemiological and laboratory evidence on the role of aluminum (Al) exposure in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. Epidemiological data demonstrated an increased incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), including hypertension and atherosclerosis in occupationally exposed subjects and hemodialysis patients. In addition, Al body burden was found to be elevated in patients with coronary heart disease, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Laboratory studies demonstrated that Al exposure induced significant ultrastructural damage in the heart, resulting in electrocardiogram alterations in association with cardiomyocyte necrosis and apoptosis, inflammation, oxidative stress, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. In agreement with the epidemiological findings, laboratory data demonstrated dyslipidemia upon Al exposure, resulting from impaired hepatic lipid catabolism, as well as promotion of low-density lipoprotein oxidation. Al was also shown to inhibit paraoxonase 1 activity and to induce endothelial dysfunction and adhesion molecule expression, further promoting atherogenesis. The role of Al in hypertension was shown to be mediated by up-regulation of NADPH-oxidase, inhibition of nitric oxide bioavailability, and stimulation of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. It has been also demonstrated that Al exposure targets cerebral vasculature, which may be considered a link between Al exposure and cerebrovascular diseases. Findings from other tissues lend support that ferroptosis, pyroptosis, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and modulation of gut microbiome and metabolome are involved in the development of CVD upon Al exposure. A better understanding of the role of the cardiovascular system as a target for Al toxicity will be useful for risk assessment and the development of treatment and prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey A Tinkov
- Center of Bioelementology and Human Ecology, IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, 119435, Russia; Laboratory of Ecobiomonitoring and Quality Control, Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl, 150003, Russia; Department of Human Ecology and Bioelementology, and Department of Medical Elementology, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, 117198, Russia.
| | - Anatoly V Skalny
- Center of Bioelementology and Human Ecology, IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, 119435, Russia; Department of Human Ecology and Bioelementology, and Department of Medical Elementology, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, 117198, Russia
| | - Jose L Domingo
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, 4320, Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Healthy Ageing Research Centre, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, 9319774446, Iran
| | - Anatoly A Kirichuk
- Department of Human Ecology and Bioelementology, and Department of Medical Elementology, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, 117198, Russia
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
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Fevrier-Paul A, Soyibo AK, De Silva N, Mitchell S, Nwokocha C, Voutchkov M. Addressing the Challenge of Potentially Hazardous Elements in the Reduction of Hypertension, Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease in the Caribbean. J Health Pollut 2021; 11:210613. [PMID: 34268000 PMCID: PMC8276730 DOI: 10.5696/2156-9614-11.30.210613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Environmental surveys have characterized trace elements such as lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) as potential risk factors for non-communicable diseases. There have been few studies conducted in the Caribbean region to explore, define or clarify such findings locally. Furthermore, local pollution control efforts are often juxtaposed against more seemingly immediate economic concerns in poor communities. OBJECTIVES The present commentary is a call to action for the evaluation of potentially hazardous elements as potential risk indicators and/or factors of common noncommunicable diseases in the Caribbean. DISCUSSION Findings from Jamaican studies have identified exposure to potentially hazardous elements (PHE) via water, food, and other anthropogenic activities to the detriment of the resident population. Several attempts have been made to abate toxic metal exposure in children with relative success. However, high levels of PHE have been noted in vulnerable populations such as patients with hypertension, diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease. Currently, there is low priority towards infrastructure building within the Caribbean region that would promote and sustain long term monitoring and better inform environmental polices impacting chronic diseases. CONCLUSIONS Further investigations are needed to clarify the role that PHE play in increasing the risk or progression of non-communicable diseases, especially in vulnerable groups. COMPETING INTERESTS The authors declare no competing financial interests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adwalia Fevrier-Paul
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica
| | - Adedamola K. Soyibo
- Department of Medicine, University Hospital of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Nimal De Silva
- Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Sylvia Mitchell
- The Biotechnology Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the West Indies, Mona , Jamaica
| | - Chukwuemeka Nwokocha
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica
| | - Mitko Voutchkov
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica
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Tinkov AA, Skalnaya MG, Aaseth J, Ajsuvakova OP, Aschner M, Skalny AV. Aluminium levels in hair and urine are associated with overweight and obesity in a non-occupationally exposed population. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2019; 56:139-145. [PMID: 31470247 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2019.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data on the association between aluminium (Al) exposure and obesity and/or metabolic syndrome are insufficient. The objective of the present study was to investigate the association between hair and urine Al levels and obesity. METHODS A total of 206 lean and 205 obese non-occupationally exposed subjects (30-50 y.o.) were enrolled in the study. Hair and urine Al levels were assessed with ICP-MS. Laboratory quality control was performed using the certified reference materials of human hair, plasma, and urine. RESULTS Hair and urinary Al levels in obese subjects were significantly higher by 31% and 46% compared to the control levels, respectively. The presence of hypertension (41% cases), atherosclerosis (8%), type 2 diabetes mellitus (10%), and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) (53%) in obese patients were not associated with Al levels in the studied subjects. An overall multiple regression model established urinary Al levels (β = 0.395; p < 0.001), hypertension (β = 0.331; p < 0.001) and NAFLD (β = 0.257; p = 0.003) were significantly and directly associated with BMI. Hair Al levels were found to be border-line significantly related to BMI after adjustment for several confounders (β = -0.205; p = 0.054). CONCLUSIONS Aluminium body burden is associated with increased body weight, although the causal relationship between Al exposure and obesity is not clear. Both clinical and experimental studies are required to further investigate the impact of Al exposure on metabolic parameters in obesity and especially direct effects of Al in adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey A Tinkov
- Yaroslavl State University, Sovetskaya St., 14, 150003, Yaroslavl, Russia; IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Bolshaya Pirogovskaya st., 19c1, 119146, Moscow, Russia; Federal Scientific Center of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 9 Yanvarya St., 29, 460000, Orenburg, Russia; Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Miklukho-Maklay St., 10/2, Moscow 117198, Russia.
| | - Margarita G Skalnaya
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Bolshaya Pirogovskaya st., 19c1, 119146, Moscow, Russia; Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Miklukho-Maklay St., 10/2, Moscow 117198, Russia
| | - Jan Aaseth
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Bolshaya Pirogovskaya st., 19c1, 119146, Moscow, Russia; Innlandet Hospital Trust, Kongsvinger, Postboks 104, 2381 Brumunddal, Norway; Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Postboks 400, 2418, Norway
| | - Olga P Ajsuvakova
- Yaroslavl State University, Sovetskaya St., 14, 150003, Yaroslavl, Russia; IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Bolshaya Pirogovskaya st., 19c1, 119146, Moscow, Russia; Federal Scientific Center of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 9 Yanvarya St., 29, 460000, Orenburg, Russia; Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Miklukho-Maklay St., 10/2, Moscow 117198, Russia
| | - Michael Aschner
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Bolshaya Pirogovskaya st., 19c1, 119146, Moscow, Russia; Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, 1300 Morris Park Avenue Bronx, 10461, USA
| | - Anatoly V Skalny
- Yaroslavl State University, Sovetskaya St., 14, 150003, Yaroslavl, Russia; IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Bolshaya Pirogovskaya st., 19c1, 119146, Moscow, Russia; Federal Scientific Center of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 9 Yanvarya St., 29, 460000, Orenburg, Russia; Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Miklukho-Maklay St., 10/2, Moscow 117198, Russia
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Martinez CS, Piagette JT, Escobar AG, Martín Á, Palacios R, Peçanha FM, Vassallo DV, Exley C, Alonso MJ, Salaices M, Miguel M, Wiggers GA. Egg White Hydrolysate: A new putative agent to prevent vascular dysfunction in rats following long-term exposure to aluminum. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 133:110799. [PMID: 31493463 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) is toxic for humans and animals. Here, we have tested the potential for Egg White Hydrolysate (EWH) to protect against cardiovascular changes in rats exposed to both high and low dietary levels of Al. Indeed, EWH has been previously shown to improve cardio metabolic dysfunctions induced by chronic exposure to heavy metals. Male Wistar rats received orally: Group 1) Low aluminum level (AlCl3 at a dose of 8.3 mg/kg b.w. during 60 days) with or without EWH treatment (1 g/kg/day); Group 2) High aluminum level (AlCl3 at a dose of 100 mg/kg b.w. during 42 days) with or without EWH treatment. After Al treatment, rats co-treated with EWH did not show vascular dysfunction or increased blood pressure as was observed in non EWH-cotreated animals. Indeed, co-treatment with EWH prevented the following effects observed in both aorta and mesenteric arteries: the increased vascular responses to phenylephrine (Phe), the decreased ACh-induced relaxation, the reduction on endothelial modulation of vasoconstrictor responses and the nitric oxide bioavailability, as well as the increased reactive oxygen species production from NAD(P)H oxidase. Altogether, our results suggest that EWH could be used as a protective agent against the harmful vascular effects after long term exposure to Al.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Silveira Martinez
- Cardiovascular Physiology Research Group, Universidade Federal do Pampa, BR 472 - Km 592 - PO box 118, 97500-970, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Janaina Trindade Piagette
- Cardiovascular Physiology Research Group, Universidade Federal do Pampa, BR 472 - Km 592 - PO box 118, 97500-970, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Alyne Gourlart Escobar
- Cardiovascular Physiology Research Group, Universidade Federal do Pampa, BR 472 - Km 592 - PO box 118, 97500-970, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Ángela Martín
- Department of Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Avda. de Atenas s/n, Alcorcón, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Hospital La Paz, Spain and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Roberto Palacios
- Department of Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Avda. de Atenas s/n, Alcorcón, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Hospital La Paz, Spain and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Franck Maciel Peçanha
- Cardiovascular Physiology Research Group, Universidade Federal do Pampa, BR 472 - Km 592 - PO box 118, 97500-970, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Dalton Valentim Vassallo
- Departments of Physiological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo and School of Medicine of Santa Casa de Misericórdia (EMESCAM), Av. Marechal Campos 1468, 29040-090, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Christopher Exley
- The Birchall Centre, Lennard-Jones Laboratories, Keele University, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK
| | - María Jesús Alonso
- Department of Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Avda. de Atenas s/n, Alcorcón, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Hospital La Paz, Spain and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Salaices
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital La Paz, Spain and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain; Department of Pharmacology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/ Arzobispo Morcillo 4, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Miguel
- Instituto de Investigación, Hospital La Paz, Spain; Bioactivity and Food Analysis Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación, Nicolás Cabrera, 9, Campus Universitario de Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Giulia Alessandra Wiggers
- Cardiovascular Physiology Research Group, Universidade Federal do Pampa, BR 472 - Km 592 - PO box 118, 97500-970, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Skalnaya MG, Skalny AV, Grabeklis AR, Serebryansky EP, Demidov VA, Tinkov AA. Hair Trace Elements in Overweight and Obese Adults in Association with Metabolic Parameters. Biol Trace Elem Res 2018; 186:12-20. [PMID: 29497998 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1282-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to investigate the level of toxic and essential trace elements in hair of adult overweight and obese persons as well as its association with metabolic parameters. Hair trace element levels were assessed using inductively coupled plasma mass-spectrometry in 112 overweight and obese patients and 106 lean controls. Serum total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), glucose, uric acid (UA) levels, and cholinesterase (CE) and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) activity were also assessed. Excessive body weight significantly affected hair trace element levels. In particular, hair Co (33%), Cu (13%), I (30%), Mg (2-fold), Mn (25%), Zn (17%), and Ni (21%) levels were lower, whereas Al (14%) and As levels were higher in comparison to those in the control group. Correlation analysis demonstrated the most significant correlations for hair Mg with body weight, BMI, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and UA, and for hair Al with body weight, BMI, TC, glucose, TG, CE, GGT, and UA. Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that trace elements were not associated with TC and LDL-C levels neither in crude nor in adjusted models. In turn, crude and adjusted models accounted for 25 and 43% of serum TG variance. The most significant associations were observed for hair Al, Fe, Si, and V in adjusted model. The obtained data demonstrate that obesity-related metabolic disorders may be at least partially mediated by altered trace element and mineral levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita G Skalnaya
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Miklukho-Maklay St., 10/2, Moscow, 117198, Russia
| | - Anatoly V Skalny
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Miklukho-Maklay St., 10/2, Moscow, 117198, Russia
- Yaroslavl State University, Sovetskaya St., 14, Yaroslavl, 150000, Russia
- Institute of Bioelementology, Orenburg State University, Pobedy Ave., 13, Orenburg, 460018, Russia
| | - Andrey R Grabeklis
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Miklukho-Maklay St., 10/2, Moscow, 117198, Russia
- Yaroslavl State University, Sovetskaya St., 14, Yaroslavl, 150000, Russia
| | - Eugeny P Serebryansky
- Russian Society for Trace Elements in Medicine, Zemlyanoi Val, 46, Moscow, 105064, Russia
| | - Vasily A Demidov
- Russian Society for Trace Elements in Medicine, Zemlyanoi Val, 46, Moscow, 105064, Russia
| | - Alexey A Tinkov
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Miklukho-Maklay St., 10/2, Moscow, 117198, Russia.
- Yaroslavl State University, Sovetskaya St., 14, Yaroslavl, 150000, Russia.
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Martinez CS, Piagette JT, Escobar AG, Martín Á, Palacios R, Peçanha FM, Vassallo DV, Exley C, Alonso MJ, Miguel M, Salaices M, Wiggers GA. Aluminum exposure at human dietary levels promotes vascular dysfunction and increases blood pressure in rats: A concerted action of NAD(P)H oxidase and COX-2. Toxicology 2017; 390:10-21. [PMID: 28826906 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) is a non-essential metal and a significant environmental contaminant and is associated with a number of human diseases including cardiovascular disease. We investigated the effects of Al exposure at doses similar to human dietary levels on the cardiovascular system over a 60day period. Wistar male rats were divided into two major groups and received orally: 1) Low aluminum level - rats were subdivided and treated for 60days as follows: a) Untreated - ultrapure water; b) AlCl3 at a dose of 8.3mg/kg bw for 60days, representing human Al exposure by diet; and 2) High aluminum level - rats were subdivided and treated for 42days as follows: C) Untreated - ultrapure water; d) AlCl3 at 100mg/kg bw for 42days, representing a high level of human exposure to Al. Effects on systolic blood pressure (SBP) and vascular function of aortic and mesenteric resistance arteries (MRA) were studied. Endothelium and smooth muscle integrity were evaluated by concentration-response curves to acetylcholine (ACh) and sodium nitroprusside. Vasoconstrictor responses to phenylephrine (Phe) in the presence and absence of endothelium and in the presence of the NOS inhibitor L-NAME, the potassium channels blocker TEA, the NAD(P)H oxidase inhibitor apocynin, superoxide dismutase (SOD), the non-selective COX inhibitor indomethacin and the selective COX-2 inhibitor NS 398 were analyzed. Vascular reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation and total antioxidant capacity, were measured. The mRNA expressions of eNOS, NAD(P)H oxidase 1 and 2, SOD1, COX-2 and thromboxane A2 receptor (TXA-2 R) were also investigated. Al exposure at human dietary levels impaired the cardiovascular system and these effects were almost the same as Al exposure at much higher levels. Al increased SBP, decreased ACh-induced relaxation, increased response to Phe, decreased endothelial modulation of vasoconstrictor responses, the bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO), the involvement of potassium channels on vascular responses, as well as increased ROS production from NAD(P)H oxidase and contractile prostanoids mainly from COX-2 in both aorta and mesenteric arteries. Al exposure increased vascular ROS production and lipid peroxidation as well as altered the antioxidant status in aorta and MRA. Al decreased vascular eNOS and SOD1 mRNA levels and increased the NAD(P)H oxidase 1, COX-2 and TXA-2 R mRNA levels. Our results point to an excess of ROS mainly from NAD(P)H oxidase after Al exposure and the increased vascular prostanoids from COX-2 acting in concert to decrease NO bioavailability, thus inducing vascular dysfunction and increasing blood pressure. Therefore, 60-day chronic exposure to Al, which reflects common human dietary Al intake, appears to pose a risk for the cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Silveira Martinez
- Postgraduate Program in Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Pampa, BR 472 - Km 592 - PO box 118, Zip Code: 97500-970, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Janaina Trindade Piagette
- Postgraduate Program in Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Pampa, BR 472 - Km 592 - PO box 118, Zip Code: 97500-970, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Alyne Gourlart Escobar
- Postgraduate Program in Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Pampa, BR 472 - Km 592 - PO box 118, Zip Code: 97500-970, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Ángela Martín
- Department of Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Avda. de Atenas s/n, Alcorcón, Spain; Ciber de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Spain
| | - Roberto Palacios
- Department of Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Avda. de Atenas s/n, Alcorcón, Spain; Ciber de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Spain
| | - Franck Maciel Peçanha
- Postgraduate Program in Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Pampa, BR 472 - Km 592 - PO box 118, Zip Code: 97500-970, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Dalton Valentim Vassallo
- Departments of Physiological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo and School of Medicine of Santa Casa de Misericórdia (EMESCAM), Av. Marechal Campos 1468, Zip Code: 29040-090, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Christopher Exley
- The Birchall Centre, Lennard-Jones Laboratories, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, UK
| | - María Jesús Alonso
- Department of Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Avda. de Atenas s/n, Alcorcón, Spain; Ciber de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Spain
| | - Marta Miguel
- Bioactivity and Food Analysis Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación, Nicolás Cabrera, 9, Campus Universitario de Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Salaices
- Ciber de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Spain; Department of Pharmacology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Hospital La Paz (IdiPaz), C/ Arzobispo Morcillo 4, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Giulia Alessandra Wiggers
- Postgraduate Program in Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Pampa, BR 472 - Km 592 - PO box 118, Zip Code: 97500-970, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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Schmidt PM, Escobar AG, Torres JGD, Martinez CS, Rizzetti DA, Kunz SN, Vassallo DV, Alonso MJ, Peçanha FM, Wiggers GA. Aluminum exposure for one hour decreases vascular reactivity in conductance and resistance arteries in rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2016; 313:109-118. [PMID: 27984129 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2016.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Aluminum (Al) is an important environmental contaminant; however, there are not enough evidences of Al-induced cardiovascular dysfunction. We investigated the effects of acute exposure to aluminum chloride (AlCl3) on blood pressure, vascular reactivity and oxidative stress. METHODS AND RESULTS Male Wistar rats were divided into two groups: Untreated: vehicle (ultrapure water, ip) and AlCl3: single dose of AlCl3 (100mg/kg,ip). Concentration-response curves to phenylephrine in the absence and presence of endothelium, the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor l-NAME, the potassium channel blocker tetraethylammonium, and the NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin were performed in segments from aortic and mesenteric resistance arteries. NO released was assessed in aorta and reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde, non-protein thiol levels, antioxidant capacity and enzymatic antioxidant activities were investigated in plasma, aorta and/or mesenteric arteries. After one hour of AlCl3 exposure serum Al levels attained 147.7±25.0μg/L. Al treatment: 1) did not affect blood pressure, heart rate and vasodilator responses induced by acetylcholine or sodium nitroprusside; 2) decreased phenylephrine-induced vasoconstrictor responses; 3) increased endothelial modulation of contractile responses, NO release and vascular ROS production from NADPH oxidase; 4) increased plasmatic, aortic and mesenteric malondialdehyde and ROS production, and 5) decreased antioxidant capacity and affected the antioxidant biomarkers non-protein thiol levels, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase, superoxide dismutase and catalase enzymatic activities. CONCLUSION AlCl3-acute exposure reduces vascular reactivity. This effect is associated with increased NO production, probably acting on K+ channels, which seems to occur as a compensatory mechanism against Al-induced oxidative stress. Our results suggest that Al exerts toxic effects to the vascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Medeiros Schmidt
- Postgraduate Program in Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Alyne Goulart Escobar
- Postgraduate Program in Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - João Guilherme Dini Torres
- Postgraduate Program in Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Caroline Silveira Martinez
- Postgraduate Program in Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Danize Aparecida Rizzetti
- Postgraduate Program in Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Simone Noremberg Kunz
- Postgraduate Program in Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Dalton Valentim Vassallo
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Espirito Santo, Brazil
| | - María Jesús Alonso
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Franck Maciel Peçanha
- Postgraduate Program in Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Giulia Alessandra Wiggers
- Postgraduate Program in Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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Contini MDC, Millen N, González M, Mahieu S. Melatonin prevents oxidative stress in ovariectomized rats treated with aluminium. Biol Trace Elem Res 2011; 144:924-43. [PMID: 21537923 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-011-9060-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2010] [Accepted: 04/08/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This study is designed to determine the simultaneous effect of aluminium (Al) and melatonin (Mel) treatment in intact and ovariectomized (Ovx) female rats on oxidative stress and their inter-organ relationship in the kidney and liver. Al-treated rats received an intra-peritoneal injection of solution of aluminium lactate (0.575 mg Al/100 g of body weight, three times a week), during 12 weeks. Mel groups received intra-peritoneal injections of melatonin at a dose of 10 mg/kg/day, 5 days/week, during 12 weeks. The results of this study showed that Al treatment in female rats modifies homeostasis of glutathione and the antioxidant capacity of the rat liver and kidney. The alteration of glutathione homeostasis and oxidative status was not associated with an increased lipid peroxidation in both organs with the exception of the increase observed in the liver of Ovx rats. Al also induced modifications in the activity of some enzymes related to the glutathione cycle: GSH-Px in the liver and kidney and glutathione reductase only in the kidney. Al exposure decreased CAT activity in both the kidney and liver of intact and Ovx groups. The administration of Mel in the intact and castrated females treated with Al seems to reduce oxidative changes in the liver and kidney of intact and Ovx rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- María del Carmen Contini
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Fisiológicas Experimentales. Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Ciudad Universitaria, Paraje El Pozo. CC 242, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina.
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Gene expression in primary cultured astrocytes affected by aluminum: alteration of chaperons involved in protein folding. Environ Health Prev Med 2010; 16:16-24. [PMID: 21432213 DOI: 10.1007/s12199-010-0161-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2010] [Accepted: 05/31/2010] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Aluminum is notorious as a neurotoxic metal. The aim of our study was to determine whether endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is involved in aluminum-induced apoptosis in astrocytes. METHODS Mitochondrial RNA (mRNA) was analyzed by reverse transcription (RT)-PCR following pulse exposure of aluminum glycinate to primary cultured astrocytes. Tunicamycin was used as a positive control. RESULTS Gene expression analysis revealed that Ire1β was up-regulated in astrocytes exposed to aluminum while Ire1α was up-regulated by tunicamycin. Exposure to aluminum glycinate, in contrast to tunicamycin, seemed to down-regulate mRNA expression of many genes, including the ER resident molecular chaperone BiP/Grp78 and Ca(2+)-binding chaperones (calnexin and calreticulin), as well as stanniocalcin 2 and OASIS. The down-regulation or non-activation of the molecular chaperons, whose expressions are known to be protective by increasing protein folding, may spell doom for the adaptive response. Exposure to aluminum did not have any significant effects on the expression of Bax and Bcl2 in astrocytes. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study demonstrate that aluminum may induce apoptosis in astrocytes via ER stress by impairing the protein-folding machinery.
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