1
|
Gyürki D, Sótonyi P, Paál G. Central arterial pressure estimation based on two peripheral pressure measurements using one-dimensional blood flow simulation. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2024; 27:689-699. [PMID: 37036452 DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2023.2199112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
Aortic pressure can be estimated using one-dimensional arterial flow simulations. This study demonstrates that two peripheral pressure measurements can be used to acquire the central pressure curve through the patient-specific optimization of a set of system parameters. Radial and carotid pressure measurements and parameter optimization were performed in the case of 62 patients. The two calculated aortic curves were in good agreement, Systolic and Mean Blood Pressures differed on average by 0.5 and -0.5 mmHg, respectively. Good agreement was achieved with the transfer function method as well. The effect of carotid clamping is demonstrated using one resulting patient-specific arterial network.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dániel Gyürki
- Department of Hydrodynamic Systems, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Sótonyi
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - György Paál
- Department of Hydrodynamic Systems, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Colombo C, Siviglia A, Toro EF, Bia D, Zócalo Y, Müller LO. Tube law parametrization using in vitro data for one-dimensional blood flow in arteries and veins: TUBE LAW PARAMETRIZATION IN ARTERIES AND VEINS. Int J Numer Method Biomed Eng 2024; 40:e3803. [PMID: 38363555 DOI: 10.1002/cnm.3803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
The deformability of blood vessels in one-dimensional blood flow models is typically described through a pressure-area relation, known as the tube law. The most used tube laws take into account the elastic and viscous components of the tension of the vessel wall. Accurately parametrizing the tube laws is vital for replicating pressure and flow wave propagation phenomena. Here, we present a novel mathematical-property-preserving approach for the estimation of the parameters of the elastic and viscoelastic tube laws. Our goal was to estimate the parameters by using ovine and human in vitro data, while constraining them to meet prescribed mathematical properties. Results show that both elastic and viscoelastic tube laws accurately describe experimental pressure-area data concerning both quantitative and qualitative aspects. Additionally, the viscoelastic tube law can provide a qualitative explanation for the observed hysteresis cycles. The two models were evaluated using two approaches: (i) allowing all parameters to freely vary within their respective ranges and (ii) fixing some of the parameters. The former approach was found to be the most suitable for reproducing pressure-area curves.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Colombo
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Annunziato Siviglia
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Eleuterio F Toro
- Laboratory of Applied Mathematics, DICAM, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Daniel Bia
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Republic, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Yanina Zócalo
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Republic, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Lucas O Müller
- Department of Mathematics, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shvetsova AA, Khlystova MA, Makukha YA, Shateeva VS, Borzykh AA, Gaynullina DK, Tarasova OS. Reactive oxygen species augment contractile responses of saphenous artery in 10-15-day-old but not adult rats: Substantial role of NADPH oxidases. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 216:24-32. [PMID: 38460742 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by NADPH oxidases (NOX, a key source of ROS in vascular cells) are involved in the regulation of vascular tone, but this has been explored mainly for adult organisms. Importantly, the mechanisms of vascular tone regulation differ significantly in early postnatal ontogenesis and adulthood, while the vasomotor role of ROS in immature systemic arteries is poorly understood. We tested the hypothesis that the functional contribution of NADPH oxidase-derived ROS to the regulation of peripheral arterial tone is higher in the early postnatal period than in adulthood. We studied saphenous arteries from 10- to 15-day-old ("young") and 3- to 4-month-old ("adult") male rats using lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence, quantitative PCR, Western blotting, and isometric myography. We demonstrated that both basal and NADPH-stimulated superoxide anion radical (O2•-) production was significantly higher in the arteries from young in comparison to adult rats. Importantly, pan-inhibitor of NADPH oxidase VAS2870 (10 μM) reduced NADPH-induced O2•- production in arteries of young rats. Saphenous arteries of both young and adult rats demonstrated high levels of Nox2 and Nox4 mRNAs, while Nox1 and Nox3 mRNAs were not detected. The protein contents of NOX2 and NOX4 were significantly higher in arterial tissue of young compared to adult animals. Moreover, VAS2870 (10 μM) had no effect on methoxamine-induced contractile responses of adult arteries but decreased them significantly in young arteries; such effect of VAS2870 persisted after removal of the endothelium. Finally, NOX2 inhibitor GSK2795039 (10 μM), but not NOX1/4 inhibitor GKT137831 (10 μM) weakened methoxamine-induced contractile responses of arteries from young rats. Thus, ROS produced by NOX2 have a pronounced contractile influence in saphenous artery smooth muscle cells of young, but not adult rats, which is associated with the increased vascular content of NOX2 protein at this age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia A Shvetsova
- Department of Human and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Margarita A Khlystova
- Department of Human and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yulia A Makukha
- Department of Human and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234, Moscow, Russia
| | - Valentina S Shateeva
- Department of Human and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna A Borzykh
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, State Research Center of the Russian Federation-Institute of Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, 123007, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dina K Gaynullina
- Department of Human and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234, Moscow, Russia; Department of Physiology, Russian National Research Medical University, 117997, Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga S Tarasova
- Department of Human and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234, Moscow, Russia; Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, State Research Center of the Russian Federation-Institute of Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, 123007, Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gan Y, Thomas JH, Kelley DH. Gaps in the wall of a perivascular space act as valves to produce a directed flow of cerebrospinal fluid: a hoop-stress model. J R Soc Interface 2024; 21:20230659. [PMID: 38565158 PMCID: PMC10987236 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2023.0659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) along perivascular spaces (PVSs) is an important part of the brain's system for clearing metabolic waste. Astrocyte endfeet bound the PVSs of penetrating arteries, separating them from brain extracellular space. Gaps between astrocyte endfeet might provide a low-resistance pathway for fluid transport across the wall. Recent studies suggest that the astrocyte endfeet function as valves that rectify the CSF flow, producing the net flow observed in pial PVSs by changing the size of the gaps in response to pressure changes. In this study, we quantify this rectification based on three features of the PVSs: the quasi-circular geometry, the deformable endfoot wall, and the pressure oscillation inside. We provide an analytical model, based on the thin-shell hoop-stress approximation, and predict a pumping efficiency of about 0.4, which would contribute significantly to the observed flow. When we add the flow resistance of the extracellular space (ECS) to the model, we find an increased net flow during sleep, due to the known increase in ECS porosity (decreased flow resistance) compared to that in the awake state. We corroborate our analytical model with three-dimensional fluid-solid interaction simulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Gan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
| | - John H. Thomas
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
| | - Douglas H. Kelley
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bikia V, Segers P, Rovas G, Anagnostopoulos S, Stergiopulos N. Novel theory and potential applications of central diastolic pressure decay time constant. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5913. [PMID: 38467721 PMCID: PMC10928153 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56137-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Central aortic diastolic pressure decay time constant ( τ ) is according to the two-element Windkessel model equal to the product of total peripheral resistance ( R ) times total arterial compliance ( C ). As such, it is related to arterial stiffness, which has considerable pathophysiological relevance in the assessment of vascular health. This study aimed to investigate the relationship of the constant τ with the product T MBP cPP , given by heart period ( T ) times the ratio of mean blood pressure (MBP) to central pulse pressure ( cPP ). The relationship was derived by performing linear fitting on an in silico population of n1 = 3818 virtual subjects, and was subsequently evaluated on in vivo data (n2 = 2263) from the large Asklepios study. The resulted expression was found to be τ = k ' T MBP cPP , withk ' = 0.7 (R2 = 0.9). The evaluation of the equation on the in vivo human data reported high agreement between the estimated and reference τ values, with a correlation coefficient equal to 0.94 and a normalized RMSE equal to 5.5%. Moreover, the analysis provided evidence that the coefficient k ' is age- and gender-independent. The proposed formula provides novel theoretical insights in the relationship between τ and central blood pressure features. In addition, it may allow for the evaluation of τ without the need for acquiring the entire central blood pressure wave, especially when an approximation of the cPP is feasible. This study adds to the current literature by contributing to the accessibility of an additional biomarker, such as the central diastolic pressure decay time constant, for the improved assessment of vascular ageing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki Bikia
- Laboratory of Hemodynamics and Cardiovascular Technology, Institute of Bioengineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, EPFL STI IBI-STI LHTC, MED 3 2922 (Batiment MED), Station 9, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | | | - Georgios Rovas
- Laboratory of Hemodynamics and Cardiovascular Technology, Institute of Bioengineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, EPFL STI IBI-STI LHTC, MED 3 2922 (Batiment MED), Station 9, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sokratis Anagnostopoulos
- Laboratory of Hemodynamics and Cardiovascular Technology, Institute of Bioengineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, EPFL STI IBI-STI LHTC, MED 3 2922 (Batiment MED), Station 9, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nikolaos Stergiopulos
- Laboratory of Hemodynamics and Cardiovascular Technology, Institute of Bioengineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, EPFL STI IBI-STI LHTC, MED 3 2922 (Batiment MED), Station 9, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hong S, Coté G. Arterial Pulse Wave Velocity Signal Reconstruction Using Low Sampling Rates. Biosensors (Basel) 2024; 14:92. [PMID: 38392011 PMCID: PMC10887207 DOI: 10.3390/bios14020092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV) analysis is valuable for assessing arterial stiffness and cardiovascular health and potentially for estimating blood pressure cufflessly. However, conventional PWV analysis from two transducers spaced closely poses challenges in data management, battery life, and developing the device for continuous real-time applications together along an artery, which typically need data to be recorded at high sampling rates. Specifically, although a pulse signal consists of low-frequency components when used for applications such as determining heart rate, the pulse transit time for transducers near each other along an artery takes place in the millisecond range, typically needing a high sampling rate. To overcome this issue, in this study, we present a novel approach that leverages the Nyquist-Shannon sampling theorem and reconstruction techniques for signals produced by bioimpedance transducers closely spaced along a radial artery. Specifically, we recorded bioimpedance artery pulse signals at a low sampling rate, reducing the data size and subsequently algorithmically reconstructing these signals at a higher sampling rate. We were able to retain vital transit time information and achieved enhanced precision that is comparable to the traditional high-rate sampling method. Our research demonstrates the viability of the algorithmic method for enabling PWV analysis from low-sampling-rate data, overcoming the constraints of conventional approaches. This technique has the potential to contribute to the development of cardiovascular health monitoring and diagnosis using closely spaced wearable devices for real-time and low-resource PWV assessment, enhancing patient care and cardiovascular disease management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sungcheol Hong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Gerard Coté
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
- Center for Remote Health Technologies and Systems, Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Rodríguez H, Arriaza C, Sarabia L, Espinoza-Navarro O. Anatomical and physiological adaptation of the scrotal artery with muscular reinforcement in the middle layer and connective reinforcement of the adventitia. Microsc Res Tech 2024; 87:403-407. [PMID: 37877624 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
The histology of blood vessels shows they are structured in three layers or tunics: tunica intima, which includes the internal limiting lamina with high elastin content; tunica media of smooth muscles fibers of circular disposition, which includes the external limiting lamina; and tunica adventitia of connective tissue. The vascular system is essential in regulating body temperature, especially in the scrotum and testis. This study aimed to analyze the histology of the scrotal arteries and their possible relationship to testicular temperature homeostasis. This study used scrotal samples from human adults, anonymized and obtained from the University of Chile's teaching bank. The control group corresponds to an arteriole of muscle tissue. The results show that the middle layer of the scrotal artery is made up of smooth muscle fibers distributed in two layers: a longitudinal inner sublayer and a circular outer sublayer, different from the findings in muscle tissue arteries, with a single, circularly arranged muscle layer. This arrangement could be related to testicular temperature homeostasis by reducing the temperature of the testis and seminiferous tubules. The results described in this work suggest that these anatomical adaptations may be very significant in the face of the constant increase in global temperature. Further and better research is required to understand the mechanisms of thermoregulation in human reproduction and the histological particularities of the tissues that form the scrotum. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: The human scrotal artery has a histological composition adapted for regulation of testicular temperature. The muscular double middle layer of the scrotal artery retains intravascular temperature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Héctor Rodríguez
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Atacama, Copiapó, Chile
| | - Camilo Arriaza
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luis Sarabia
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Omar Espinoza-Navarro
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Akbar NS, Habib MB, Rafiq M, Muhammad T, Alghamdi M. Biological structural study of emerging shaped nanoparticles for the blood flow in diverging tapered stenosed arteries to see their application in drug delivery. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1475. [PMID: 38233426 PMCID: PMC10794421 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51848-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The magnetic force effects and differently shaped nano-particles in diverging tapering arteries having stenoses are being studied in current research via blood flow model. There hasn't been any research done on using metallic nanoparticles of different shapes with water as the base fluid. A radially symmetric but axially non-symmetric stenosis is used to depict the blood flow. Another significant aspect of our research is the study of symmetrical distribution of wall shearing stresses in connection with resistive impedance, as well as the rise of these quantities with the progression of stenosis. Shaping nanoparticles in accordance with the understanding of blood flow in arteries offers numerous possibilities for improving drug delivery, targeted therapies, and diagnostic imaging in the context of cardiovascular and other vascular-related diseases. Exact solutions for different flow quantities namely velocity, temperature, resistance impedance, boundary shear stress, and shearing stress at the stenosis throat, have been assessed. For various parameters of relevance for Cu-water, the graphical results of several types of tapered arteries (i.e. diverging tapering) have been explored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noreen Sher Akbar
- DBS&H, CEME, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | | | - Maimona Rafiq
- Department of Mathematics, COMSATS University Islamabad, Attock, 43600, Pakistan
| | - Taseer Muhammad
- Department of Mathematics, College of Science, King Khalid University, 61413, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Metib Alghamdi
- Department of Mathematics, College of Science, King Khalid University, 61413, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hussain A, Riaz Dar MN, Khalid Cheema W, Kanwal R, Han Y. Investigating hybrid nanoparticles for drug delivery in multi-stenosed catheterized arteries under magnetic field effects. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1170. [PMID: 38216717 PMCID: PMC10786854 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51607-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This groundbreaking study pioneers the exploration of the therapeutic implications of a constant magnetic field simultaneously with hybrid nanoparticles on blood flow within a tapered artery, characterized by multiple stenosis along its exterior walls and a central thrombus, employing three-dimensional bio-fluid simulations. In addition, a magnetized catheter is inserted into the thrombus to increase the therapeutic potential of this novel method. The flow condition under consideration has applications in targeted medication distribution, improved medical device design, and improved diagnostics, as well as in advancing healthcare and biomedical engineering. Our investigation primarily aims to optimize blood flow efficiency, encompassing key parameters like pressure, velocity, and heat fluctuations influenced by diverse geometric constraints within the stenotic artery. Precise solutions are obtained through the finite element method (FEM) coupled with advanced bio-fluid dynamics (BFD) software. Hybrid nanoparticles and magnetic fields impacted pressure and velocity, notably reducing pressure within the stenosis. Convective heat flux remained uniform, while temperature profiles showed consistent inlet rise and gradual decline with transient variations. This approach promotes fluid flow, and convection within stenosed arteries, enhances heat transport, evacuates heat from stenotic regions, and improves heat dispersion to surrounding tissues. These findings hold promise for targeted therapies, benefiting patients with vascular disorders, and advancing our understanding of complex bio-fluid dynamics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Azad Hussain
- Department of Mathematics, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan.
| | | | | | - Rimsha Kanwal
- Department of Mathematics, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan
| | - Yanshuo Han
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Özcan C, Kocatürk Ö, Işlak C, Öztürk C. Integrated particle image velocimetry and fluid-structure interaction analysis for patient-specific abdominal aortic aneurysm studies. Biomed Eng Online 2023; 22:113. [PMID: 38044423 PMCID: PMC10693692 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-023-01179-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the hemodynamics of an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is crucial for risk assessment and treatment planning. This study introduces a low-cost, patient-specific in vitro AAA model to investigate hemodynamics using particle image velocimetry (PIV) and flow-simulating circuit, validated through fluid-structure interaction (FSI) simulations. METHODS In this study, 3D printing was employed to manufacture a flexible patient-specific AAA phantom using a lost-core casting technique. A pulsatile flow circuit was constructed using off-the-shelf components. A particle image velocimetry (PIV) setup was built using an affordable laser source and global shutter camera, and finally, the flow field inside the AAA was analyzed using open-source software. Fluid-structure interaction (FSI) simulations were performed to enhance our understanding of the flow field, and the results were validated by PIV analysis. Both steady-state and transient flow conditions were investigated. RESULTS Our experimental setup replicated physiological conditions, analyzing arterial wall deformations and flow characteristics within the aneurysm. Under constant flow, peak wall deformations and flow velocities showed deviations within - 12% to + 27% and - 7% to + 5%, respectively, compared to FSI simulations. Pulsatile flow conditions further demonstrated a strong correlation (Pearson coefficient 0.85) in flow velocities and vectors throughout the cardiac cycle. Transient phenomena, particularly the formation and progression of vortex structures during systole, were consistently depicted between experimental and numerical models. CONCLUSIONS By bridging high-fidelity experimental observations with comprehensive computational analyses, this study underscores the potential of integrated methodologies in enhancing our understanding of AAA pathophysiology. The convergence of realistic AAA phantoms, precise PIV measurements at affordable cost point, and validated FSI models heralds a new paradigm in vascular research, with significant implications for personalized medicine and bioengineering innovations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Can Özcan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Boğaziçi University, Kandilli Campus, Feza Gürsey Bld., Çengelköy, 34685, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Özgür Kocatürk
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Boğaziçi University, Kandilli Campus, Feza Gürsey Bld., Çengelköy, 34685, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Civan Işlak
- Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cengizhan Öztürk
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Boğaziçi University, Kandilli Campus, Feza Gürsey Bld., Çengelköy, 34685, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Tilahun HG, Mullagura HN, Humphrey JD, Baek S. A biochemomechanical model of collagen turnover in arterial adaptations to hemodynamic loading. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2023; 22:2063-2082. [PMID: 37505299 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-023-01750-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The production, removal, and remodeling of fibrillar collagen is fundamental to mechanical homeostasis in arteries, including dynamic morphological and microstructural changes that occur in response to sustained changes in blood flow and pressure under physiological conditions. These dynamic processes involve complex, coupled biological, chemical, and mechanical mechanisms that are not completely understood. Nevertheless, recent simulations using constrained mixture models with phenomenologically motivated constitutive relations have proven able to predict salient features of the progression of certain vascular adaptations as well as disease processes. Collagen turnover is modeled, in part, via stress-dependent changes in collagen half-life, typically within the range of 10-70 days. By contrast, in this work we introduce a biochemomechanical approach to model the cellular synthesis of procollagen as well as its transition from an intermediate state of assembled microfibrils to mature cross-linked fibers, with mechano-regulated removal. The resulting model can simulate temporal changes in geometry, composition, and stress during early vascular adaptation (weeks to months) for modest changes in blood flow or pressure. It is shown that these simulations capture salient features from data presented in the literature from different animal models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hailu G Tilahun
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Michigan State University, 3259 Engineering Building, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Haritha N Mullagura
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Michigan State University, 3259 Engineering Building, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Jay D Humphrey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Seungik Baek
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Michigan State University, 3259 Engineering Building, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Celant M, Toro EF, Bertaglia G, Cozzio S, Caleffi V, Valiani A, Blanco PJ, Müller LO. Modeling essential hypertension with a closed-loop mathematical model for the entire human circulation. Int J Numer Method Biomed Eng 2023; 39:e3748. [PMID: 37408358 DOI: 10.1002/cnm.3748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Arterial hypertension, defined as an increase in systemic arterial pressure, is a major risk factor for the development of diseases affecting the cardiovascular system. Every year, 9.4 million deaths worldwide are caused by complications arising from hypertension. Despite well-established approaches to diagnosis and treatment, fewer than half of all hypertensive patients have adequately controlled blood pressure. In this scenario, computational models of hypertension can be a practical approach for better quantifying the role played by different components of the cardiovascular system in the determination of this condition. In the present work we adopt a global closed-loop multi-scale mathematical model for the entire human circulation to reproduce a hypertensive scenario. In particular, we modify the model to reproduce alterations in the cardiovascular system that are cause and/or consequence of the hypertensive state. The adaptation does not only affect large systemic arteries and the heart but also the microcirculation, the pulmonary circulation and the venous system. Model outputs for the hypertensive scenario are validated through assessment of computational results against current knowledge on the impact of hypertension on the cardiovascular system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Morena Celant
- Department of Mathematics, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Eleuterio F Toro
- Laboratory of Applied Mathematics, DICAM, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Giulia Bertaglia
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Susanna Cozzio
- U.O. di Medicina Interna, Ospedale di Rovereto, Azienda Sanitaria per i Servizi Provinciali di Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Valerio Caleffi
- Department of Engineering, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - Pablo J Blanco
- National Laboratory for Scientific Computing, Petròpolis, Brazil
| | - Lucas O Müller
- Department of Mathematics, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bunsawat K, Skow RJ, Kaur J, Wray DW. Neural control of the circulation during exercise in heart failure with reduced and preserved ejection fraction. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2023; 325:H998-H1011. [PMID: 37682236 PMCID: PMC10907034 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00214.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Patients with heart failure with reduced (HFrEF) and preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) exhibit severe exercise intolerance that may be due, in part, to inappropriate cardiovascular and hemodynamic adjustments to exercise. Several neural mechanisms and locally released vasoactive substances work in concert through complex interactions to ensure proper adjustments to meet the metabolic demands of the contracting skeletal muscle. Specifically, accumulating evidence suggests that disease-related alterations in neural mechanisms (e.g., central command, exercise pressor reflex, arterial baroreflex, and cardiopulmonary baroreflex) contribute to heightened sympathetic activation and impaired ability to attenuate sympathetic vasoconstrictor responsiveness that may contribute to reduced skeletal muscle blood flow and severe exercise intolerance in patients with HFrEF. In contrast, little is known regarding these important aspects of physiology in patients with HFpEF, though emerging data reveal heightened sympathetic activation and attenuated skeletal muscle blood flow during exercise in this patient population that may be attributable to dysregulated neural control of the circulation. The overall goal of this review is to provide a brief overview of the current understanding of disease-related alterations in the integrative neural cardiovascular responses to exercise in both HFrEF and HFpEF phenotypes, with a focus on sympathetic nervous system regulation during exercise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kanokwan Bunsawat
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
| | - Rachel J Skow
- Department of Kinesiology, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, United States
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jasdeep Kaur
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States
| | - D Walter Wray
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Jędrzejczak K, Makowski Ł, Orciuch W, Wojtas K, Kozłowski M. Hemolysis of red blood cells in blood vessels modeled via computational fluid dynamics. Numer Methods Biomed Eng 2023; 39:e3699. [PMID: 36949568 DOI: 10.1002/cnm.3699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The research aims to verify the universal relationship between vessel shape and the risk of hemolysis using a rheological model of blood reflecting the physiological processes related to blood for any blood vessel. Blood is a multi-component fluid, the rheology of which depends on many factors, such as the concentration of red blood cells and local shear stress, which significantly affect the process of hemolysis. Blood rheology models used so far cannot be used for all flows and geometries. Therefore, a new rheology model has been introduced suitable for modeling hemolytic flows observed in arteries with atherosclerotic lesions in the in vivo environment. The previously presented model also has advantages in modeling local viscosity in stenosis. Geometries of the blood vessels from computed tomography scans and simplified models of the actual arteries observed during medical procedures were used in the calculations. Population Balance Based Rheology model predicts the concentration of single, deagglomerated red blood cells and the concentration and size of red blood cell agglomerates, which affect blood rheology and hemolysis. Based on the simulations carried out, a correlation was found between the shape of the vessel cavity and the risk of hemolysis. Presented results can be used in the future to create a correlation between the shape of the atherosclerotic lesions and the risk of hemolysis in the blood to make an initial risk assessment for a given patient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krystian Jędrzejczak
- Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Waryńskiego 1, 00-645, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Łukasz Makowski
- Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Waryńskiego 1, 00-645, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Orciuch
- Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Waryńskiego 1, 00-645, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Wojtas
- Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Waryńskiego 1, 00-645, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Kozłowski
- Department of Cardiology and Structural Heart Diseases, Medical University of Silesia, Ziołowa 47, 40-635, Katowice, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Huda K, Lawrence DJ, Thompson W, Lindsey SH, Bayer CL. In vivo noninvasive systemic myography of acute systemic vasoactivity in female pregnant mice. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6286. [PMID: 37813833 PMCID: PMC10562381 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42041-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Altered vasoactivity is a major characteristic of cardiovascular and oncological diseases, and many therapies are therefore targeted to the vasculature. Therapeutics which are selective for the diseased vasculature are ideal, but whole-body selectivity of a therapeutic is challenging to assess in practice. Vessel myography is used to determine the functional mechanisms and evaluate pharmacological responses of vascularly-targeted therapeutics. However, myography can only be performed on ex vivo sections of individual arteries. We have developed methods for implementation of spherical-view photoacoustic tomography for non-invasive and in vivo myography. Using photoacoustic tomography, we demonstrate the measurement of acute vascular reactivity in the systemic vasculature and the placenta of female pregnant mice in response to two vasodilators. Photoacoustic tomography simultaneously captures the significant acute vasodilation of major arteries and detects selective vasoactivity of the maternal-fetal vasculature. Photoacoustic tomography has the potential to provide invaluable preclinical information on vascular response that cannot be obtained by other established methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristie Huda
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Dylan J Lawrence
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Photosound Technologies Inc., Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Sarah H Lindsey
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Carolyn L Bayer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Koosha N, Mosavi V, Kheirollah J, Najafi N, Abdi N, Alizadeh A, Ranjbari L, Aminian S. Numerical simulation of effect of hybrid nanofluid on heat transfer and flow of the Newtonian pulsatile blood through 3D occluded artery: Silver and gold nanoparticles. J Therm Biol 2023; 117:103718. [PMID: 37812951 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2023.103718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
The study of blood flow in obstructed arteries is a significant focus in computational fluid dynamics, particularly in the field of biomedicine. The primary objective of this research is to investigate the impact of pulsating blood velocity on heat transfer within biological systems, with a specific focus on blood flow in obstructed arteries. To achieve this goal, a comprehensive 3D model representing a straight, constricted blood vessel has been developed. This model incorporates periodic, unsteady, Newtonian blood flow along with the presence of gold and silver nanoparticles. Leveraging the Finite Element Method (FEM), the Navier-Stokes and energy equations have been rigorously solved. Through the investigation, it is aim to shed light on how alterations in the pulsation rate and the volume fraction of nanoparticles influence both temperature distribution and velocity profiles within the system. The present study findings unequivocally highlight that the behavior of pulsatile nanofluid flow significantly impacts the velocity field and heat transfer performance. However, it is imperative to note that the extent of this influence varies depending on the specific volume fractions involved. Specifically, higher volume fractions of nanofluids correlate with elevated velocities at the center of the vessel and decreased velocities near the vessel walls. This pattern also extends to the temperature distribution and heat flux within the vessel, further underscoring the paramount importance of pulsatile flow dynamics in biomedicine and computational fluid dynamics research. Besides, results revealed that the presence of occlusion significantly affects the heat transfer and fluid flow.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naser Koosha
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Vala Mosavi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Kerbala, Kerbala, Iraq.
| | - Jaleh Kheirollah
- School of Paramedics, Islamic Azad University, Zarand Branch, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Nahid Najafi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Islamic Azad University, Shahr-e-Qods, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Negar Abdi
- Department of Radiology, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran.
| | - As'ad Alizadeh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Leyla Ranjbari
- School of Mathematical and Computer Sciences, Herriot-Watt University, Malaysia.
| | - Saman Aminian
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kim DH, Choi JY, Kim SM, Son SM, Choi SY, Koo B, Rah CS, Nam JH, Ju MJ, Lee JS, You RY, Hong SH, Lee J, Bae JW, Kim CH, Choi W, Kim HS, Xu WX, Lee SJ, Kim YC, Yun HY. Vasomotion in human arteries and their regulations based on ion channel regulations: 10 years study. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:2076-2089. [PMID: 37672477 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Vasomotion is the oscillation of vascular tone which gives rise to flow motion of blood into an organ. As is well known, spontaneous contractile organs such as heart, GI, and genitourinary tract produce rhythmic contraction. It imposes or removes pressure on their vessels alternatively for exchange of many substances. It was first described over 150 years ago, however the physiological mechanism and pathophysiological implications are not well understood. This study aimed to elucidate underlying mechanisms and physiological function of vasomotion in human arteries. Conventional contractile force measurement, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot analysis were employed to study human left gastric artery (HLGA) and uterine arteries (HUA). RESULTS: Circular muscle of HLGA and/or HUA produced sustained tonic contraction by high K+ (50 mM) which was blocked by 2 µM nifedipine. Stepwise stretch and high K+ produced nerve-independent spontaneous contraction (vasomotion) (around 45% of tested tissues). Vasomotion was also produced by application of BayK 8644, 5-HT, prostagrandins, oxytocin. It was blocked by nifedipine (2 µM) and blockers of intracellular Ca2+ stores. Inhibitors of Ca2+ -activated Cl- channels (DIDS and/or niflumic acid) and ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP ) channels inhibited vasomotion reversibly. Metabolic inhibition by sodium cyanide (NaCN) and several neuropeptides also regulated vasomotion in KATP channel-sensitive and -insensitive manner. Finally, we identified TMEM16A Ca2+ -activated Cl- channels and subunits of KATP channels (Kir 6.1/6.2 and sulfonylurea receptor 2B [SUR2B]), and c-Kit positivity by Western blot analysis. We conclude that vasomotion is sensitive to TMEM16A Ca2+ -activated Cl- channels and metabolic changes in human gastric and uterine arteries. Vasomotion might play an important role in the regulation of microcirculation dynamics even in pacemaker-related autonomic contractile organs in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dae Hoon Kim
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital (CBNUH), Chungbuk National University (CBNU), Cheongju, Chungbuk, Korea
| | - Jin Young Choi
- Department of OBGY, College of Medicine, CBNU, College of Medicine, CBNU, (CBNUH), Cheongju, Korea
| | - Su Mi Kim
- Department of OBGY, College of Medicine, CBNU, College of Medicine, CBNU, (CBNUH), Cheongju, Korea
| | - Seung-Myoung Son
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, CBNU, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Song-Yi Choi
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Beommo Koo
- College of Medicine, CBNU, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Cheong-Sil Rah
- Department of Surgery, Uijeongbu Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Uijeongbu-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | | | | | - Jong Sung Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ra Young You
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, CBNU, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Seung Hwa Hong
- Department of OBGY, College of Medicine, CBNU, College of Medicine, CBNU, (CBNUH), Cheongju, Korea
| | - Junyoung Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, CBNU & CBNUH, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Jang-Whan Bae
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, CBNU & CBNUH, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Chan Hyung Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, CBNU, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Woong Choi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, CBNU, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Hun Sik Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, CBNU, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Wen-Xie Xu
- Department of Physiology, College of Medcine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Sang Jin Lee
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, CBNU, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Young Chul Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, CBNU, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Hyo-Yung Yun
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital (CBNUH), Chungbuk National University (CBNU), Cheongju, Chungbuk, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Fevola E, Bradde T, Triverio P, Grivet-Talocia S. A Vector Fitting Approach for the Automated Estimation of Lumped Boundary Conditions of 1D Circulation Models. Cardiovasc Eng Technol 2023; 14:505-525. [PMID: 37308695 PMCID: PMC10465662 DOI: 10.1007/s13239-023-00669-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The choice of appropriate boundary conditions is a crucial step in the development of cardiovascular models for blood flow simulations. The three-element Windkessel model is usually employed as a lumped boundary condition, providing a reduced order representation of the peripheral circulation. However, the systematic estimation of the Windkessel parameters remains an open problem. Moreover, the Windkessel model is not always adequate to model blood flow dynamics, which often require more elaborate boundary conditions. In this study, we propose a method for the estimation of the parameters of high order boundary conditions, including the Windkessel model, from pressure and flow rate waveforms at the truncation point. Moreover, we investigate the effect of adopting higher order boundary conditions, corresponding to equivalent circuits with more than one storage element, on the accuracy of the model. METHOD The proposed technique is based on Time-Domain Vector Fitting, a modeling algorithm that, given samples of the input and output of a system, such as pressure and flow waveforms, can derive a differential equation approximating their relation. RESULTS The capabilities of the proposed method are tested on a 1D circulation model consisting of the 55 largest human systemic arteries, to demonstrate its accuracy and its usefulness to estimate boundary conditions with order higher than the traditional Windkessel models. The proposed method is compared to other common estimation techniques, and its robustness in parameter estimation is verified in presence of noisy data and of physiological changes of aortic flow rate induced by mental stress. CONCLUSION Results suggest that the proposed method is able to accurately estimate boundary conditions of arbitrary order. Higher order boundary conditions can improve the accuracy of cardiovascular simulations, and Time-Domain Vector Fitting can automatically estimate them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Fevola
- Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Tommaso Bradde
- Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Piero Triverio
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Greenbaum S, Averbukh I, Soon E, Rizzuto G, Baranski A, Greenwald NF, Kagel A, Bosse M, Jaswa EG, Khair Z, Kwok S, Warshawsky S, Piyadasa H, Goldston M, Spence A, Miller G, Schwartz M, Graf W, Van Valen D, Winn VD, Hollmann T, Keren L, van de Rijn M, Angelo M. A spatially resolved timeline of the human maternal-fetal interface. Nature 2023; 619:595-605. [PMID: 37468587 PMCID: PMC10356615 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06298-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Beginning in the first trimester, fetally derived extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs) invade the uterus and remodel its spiral arteries, transforming them into large, dilated blood vessels. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain how EVTs coordinate with the maternal decidua to promote a tissue microenvironment conducive to spiral artery remodelling (SAR)1-3. However, it remains a matter of debate regarding which immune and stromal cells participate in these interactions and how this evolves with respect to gestational age. Here we used a multiomics approach, combining the strengths of spatial proteomics and transcriptomics, to construct a spatiotemporal atlas of the human maternal-fetal interface in the first half of pregnancy. We used multiplexed ion beam imaging by time-of-flight and a 37-plex antibody panel to analyse around 500,000 cells and 588 arteries within intact decidua from 66 individuals between 6 and 20 weeks of gestation, integrating this dataset with co-registered transcriptomics profiles. Gestational age substantially influenced the frequency of maternal immune and stromal cells, with tolerogenic subsets expressing CD206, CD163, TIM-3, galectin-9 and IDO-1 becoming increasingly enriched and colocalized at later time points. By contrast, SAR progression preferentially correlated with EVT invasion and was transcriptionally defined by 78 gene ontology pathways exhibiting distinct monotonic and biphasic trends. Last, we developed an integrated model of SAR whereby invasion is accompanied by the upregulation of pro-angiogenic, immunoregulatory EVT programmes that promote interactions with the vascular endothelium while avoiding the activation of maternal immune cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shirley Greenbaum
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Inna Averbukh
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Erin Soon
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Immunology Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Gabrielle Rizzuto
- Department of Pathology, University of Californica San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Alex Baranski
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Noah F Greenwald
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Cancer Biology Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Adam Kagel
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Marc Bosse
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Eleni G Jaswa
- Department of Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Zumana Khair
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Shirley Kwok
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Mako Goldston
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Angie Spence
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Geneva Miller
- Division of Biology and Bioengineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Morgan Schwartz
- Division of Biology and Bioengineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Will Graf
- Division of Biology and Bioengineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - David Van Valen
- Division of Biology and Bioengineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Virginia D Winn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Travis Hollmann
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Leeat Keren
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | - Michael Angelo
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Sigaeva T, Zhang Y. A novel constitutive model considering the role of elastic lamellae' structural heterogeneity in homogenizing transmural stress distribution in arteries. J R Soc Interface 2023; 20:20220837. [PMID: 37042193 PMCID: PMC10091191 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2022.0837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding how the homeostatic stress state can be reached in arterial tissues can provide new insights into vascular physiology. Even though the function of maintaining homeostasis is often linked to the concentric layers of medial elastic lamellae, how the lamellae are capable of evenly distributing the stress transmurally remains to be understood. The recent microstructural study by Yu et al. (2018 J. R. Soc. Interface 15, 20180492) revealed that, circumferentially, lamellar layers closer to the lumen are wavier than the ones further away from it and, thus, experience more unfolding when subjected to blood pressure. Motivated by this peculiar finding, the current study, for the first time, proposes a novel approach to model elastic lamellae and such structural heterogeneity using the extensible worm-like chain model. When implemented into the material description of the conventional two-layer artery model, in which adventitial collagen is modelled using the inextensible worm-like chain model, it is demonstrated that structural heterogeneity in elastic lamellae plays an important role in dictating transmural stress distribution and, therefore, the homeostasis of the arterial wall.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taisiya Sigaeva
- Department of Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1
| | - Yanhang Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Lee CA, Farooqi HMU, Paeng DG. Axial shear rate: A hemorheological factor for erythrocyte aggregation under Womersley flow in an elastic vessel based on numerical simulation. Comput Biol Med 2023; 157:106767. [PMID: 36933414 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.106767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Erythrocyte aggregation (EA) is a highly dynamic, vital phenomenon to interpreting human hemorheology, which would be helpful for the diagnosis and prediction of circulatory anomalies. Previous studies of EA on erythrocyte migration and the Fåhraeus Effect are based on the microvasculature. They have not considered the natural pulsatility of the blood flow or large vessels and mainly focused on shear rate along radial direction under steady flow to comprehend the dynamic properties of EA. To our knowledge, the rheological characteristics of non-Newtonian fluids under Womersley flow have not reflected the spatiotemporal behaviors of EA or the distribution of erythrocyte dynamics (ED). Hence, it needs to interpret the ED affected by temporal and spatial flow variation to understand the effect of EA under Womersley flow. Here, we demonstrated the numerically simulated ED to decipher EA's rheological role in axial shear rate under Womersley flow. In the present study, the temporal and spatial variations of the local EA were found to mainly depend on the axial shear rate under Womersley flow in an elastic vessel, while mean EA decreased with radial shear rate. The localized distribution of parabolic or M-shape clustered EA was found in a range of the axial shear rate profile (-15 to 15s-1) at low radial shear rates during a pulsatile cycle. However, the linear formation of rouleaux was realized without local clusters in a rigid wall where the axial shear rate is zero. In vivo, the axial shear rate is usually considered insignificant, especially in straight arteries, but it has a great impact on the disturbed blood flow due to the geometrical properties, such as bifurcations, stenosis, aneurysm, and the cyclic variation of pressure. Our findings regarding axial shear rate provide new insight into the local dynamic distribution of EA, which is a critical player in blood viscosity. These will provide a basis for the computer-aided diagnosis of hemodynamic-based cardiovascular diseases by decreasing the uncertainty in the pulsatile flow calculation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheong-Ah Lee
- Department of Ocean System Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju-do, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Dong-Guk Paeng
- Department of Ocean System Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju-do, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Hewlin RL, Tindall JM. Computational Assessment of Magnetic Nanoparticle Targeting Efficiency in a Simplified Circle of Willis Arterial Model. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032545. [PMID: 36768867 PMCID: PMC9916571 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper presents the methodology and computational results of simulated medical drug targeting (MDT) via induced magnetism intended for administering intravenous patient-specific doses of therapeutic agents in a Circle of Willis (CoW) model. The multi-physics computational model used in this work is from our previous works. The computational model is used to analyze pulsatile blood flow, particle motion, and particle capture efficiency in a magnetized region using the magnetic properties of magnetite (Fe3O4) and equations describing the magnetic forces acting on particles produced by an external cylindrical electromagnetic coil. A Eulerian-Lagrangian technique is implemented to resolve the hemodynamic flow and the motion of particles under the influence of a range of magnetic field strengths (Br = 2T, 4T, 6T, and 8T). Particle diameter sizes of 10 nm to 4 µm in diameter were assessed. Two dimensionless numbers are also investigated a priori in this study to characterize relative effects of Brownian motion (BM), magnetic force-induced particle motion, and convective blood flow on particle motion. Similar to our previous works, the computational simulations demonstrate that the greatest particle capture efficiency results for particle diameters within the micron range, specifically in regions where flow separation and vortices are at a minimum. Additionally, it was observed that the capture efficiency of particles decreases substantially with smaller particle diameters, especially in the superparamagnetic regime. The highest capture efficiency observed for superparamagnetic particles was 99% with an 8T magnetic field strength and 95% with a 2T magnetic field strength when analyzing 100 nm particles. For 10 nm particles and an 8T magnetic field strength, the particle capture efficiency was 48%, and for a 2T magnetic field strength the particle capture efficiency was 33%. Furthermore, it was found that larger magnetic field strengths, large particle diameter sizes (1 µm and above), and slower blood flow velocity increase the particle capture efficiency. The key finding in this work is that favorable capture efficiencies for superparamagnetic particles were observed in the CoW model for weak fields (Br < 4T) which demonstrates MDT as a possible viable treatment candidate for cardiovascular disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodward L. Hewlin
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Science (CBES), Department of Engineering Technology, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Joseph M. Tindall
- Applied Energy and Electromechanical Systems (AEES), Department of Engineering Technology, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Averyanova IV, Vdovenko SI. [Capillary blood flow morphofunctional readjustments in northerners of different ages.]. Adv Gerontol 2023; 36:29-35. [PMID: 37192351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Morphofunctional characteristics of capillary blood flow can be considered one of the most sensitive markers of ontogenetic desadaptive changes both within a local area of the capillary network and in the entire cardiovascular system. The study involved two hundred seventy-seven male northerners aged 18-66 to identify the age dynamics of the capillary bed morphofunctional characteristics. Subjects exhibited a reduction in diameters of arterial and transitional sections of the microcapillary bed testifying to a significant age dynamics from young men to the elderly. The remodeling coefficient increasingly came up in workable and elderly men, which indicated the risk of reducing in effectiveness of substances diffusion. We could see the average capillary length increase in this age vector and considered that as a compensatory growth of the contact surface of the vessel aimed at maintaining the necessary level of transcapillary exchange. We clearly observed microcirculatory changes with subjective age and considered them to be adaptive changes of microangioarchitectonics which may indicate the formation of a pattern characteristic of northerners' ontogenetic readjustments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I V Averyanova
- Scientific Research Center «Arktika» Far Eastern Branch of RAS, 24 pr. Karla Marksa, 685000 Magadan, Russian Federation, e-mail:
| | - S I Vdovenko
- Scientific Research Center «Arktika» Far Eastern Branch of RAS, 24 pr. Karla Marksa, 685000 Magadan, Russian Federation, e-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
He F, Wang X, Hua L, Guo T. Numerical investigation of arterial stenosis location affecting hemodynamics considering microcirculation function. Technol Health Care 2023; 31:435-445. [PMID: 36120796 DOI: 10.3233/thc-213165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, arterial stenosis has become one of the serious diseases threatening people's life and health. OBJECTIVE The main purpose of the present study is to examine the changes of hemodynamic parameters in different stenosis locations of arteries. METHODS An arterial stenosis model with fluid-structure interaction and microcirculation as the outlet boundary of seepage is adopted in this paper. Considering the interaction between blood and arterial wall, a numerical simulation is carried out using the finite element method. RESULTS The results show that hemodynamic parameters are sensitive to the change of stenosis location. The closer to the microcirculation zone the stenosis location, the lower the blood flow velocity, pressure and the wall shear stress. In addition, the velocity trend is transformed from the gradual increase to decrease with the increasing distance away from the inlet when the stenosis location moves to the microcirculation zone. CONCLUSION This work proves that the stenosis location has a great influence on hemodynamics based on microcirculation function. Microcirculation is an important factor that cannot be ignored in the numerical simulation of arterial hemodynamics. The numerical results could provide the potential of clinical preconditions for disease diagnosis and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fan He
- School of Science, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- School of Science, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Hua
- Thrombosis Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Tingting Guo
- Thrombosis Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Fallahi S, Houck JA, Euser AG, Julian CG, Moore LG, Lorca RA. High altitude differentially modulates potassium channel-evoked vasodilatation in pregnant human myometrial arteries. J Physiol 2022; 600:5353-5364. [PMID: 36286320 PMCID: PMC9772154 DOI: 10.1113/jp283741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
High-altitude (>2500 m or 8200 ft) residence reduces uterine artery blood flow during pregnancy, contributing to an increased incidence of preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction. However, not all pregnancies are affected by the chronic hypoxic conditions of high-altitude residence. K+ channels play important roles in the uterine vascular adaptation to pregnancy, promoting a reduction in myogenic tone and an increase in blood flow. We hypothesized that, in pregnancies with normal fetal growth at high altitude, K+ channel-dependent vasodilatation of myometrial arteries is increased compared to those from healthy pregnant women at a lower altitude (∼1700 m). Using pharmacological modulation of two K+ channels, ATP-sensitive (KATP ) and large-conductance Ca2+ -activated (BKCa ) K+ channels, we assessed the vasodilatation of myometrial arteries from appropriate for gestational age (AGA) pregnancies in women living at high or low altitudes. In addition, we evaluated the localization of these channels in the myometrial arteries using immunofluorescence. Our results showed an endothelium-dependent increase in KATP -dependent vasodilatation in myometrial arteries from high versus low altitude, whereas vasodilatation induced by BKCa activation was reduced in these vessels. Additionally, KATP channel co-localization with endothelial markers was reduced in the high-altitude myometrial arteries, which suggested that the functional increase in KATP activity may be by mechanisms other than regulation of channel localization. These observations highlight an important contribution of K+ channels to the human uterine vascular adaptation to pregnancy at high altitude serving to maintain normal fetal growth under conditions of chronic hypoxia. KEY POINTS: High-altitude (>2500 m or 8200 ft) residence reduces uterine blood flow during pregnancy and fetal growth. Animal models of high altitude/chronic hypoxia suggest that these reductions are partially due to reduced vascular K+. channel responses, such as those elicited by large conductance Ca2+ -activated (BKCa ) and ATP-sensitive (KATP ) K+ channel activation. We found that women residing at high versus low altitude during pregnancy showed diminished myometrial artery vasodilatory responses to endothelium-independent BKCa channel activation but greater responses to endothelium-dependent KATP channel activation. Our observations indicate that KATP channels play an adaptive role in maintaining myometrial artery vasodilator sensitivity under chronic hypoxic conditions during pregnancy. Thus, KATP channels represent potential therapeutic targets for augmenting uteroplacental blood flow and, in turn, preserving fetal growth in cases of uteroplacental hypoperfusion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sahand Fallahi
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Denver-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Julie A. Houck
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado Denver-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Anna G. Euser
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Denver-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Colleen G. Julian
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado Denver-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Lorna G. Moore
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Denver-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Ramón A. Lorca
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Denver-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Lee HK, Capron CB, Liu HC, Roy T, Guddati MN, Greenleaf JF, Urban MW. Measurement of wave propagation through a tube using dual transducers for elastography in arteries. Phys Med Biol 2022; 67:10.1088/1361-6560/ac9c3f. [PMID: 36265476 PMCID: PMC10019347 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ac9c3f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Objective.Measuring waves induced with acoustic radiation force (ARF) in arteries has been studied over the last decade. To date, it remains a challenge to quantitatively assess the local arterial biomechanical properties. The cylindrical shape and waveguide behavior of waves propagating in the arterial wall pose complexities to determining the mechanical properties of the artery.Approach. In this paper, an artery-mimicking tube in water is examined utilizing three-dimensional measurements. The cross-section of the tube is measured while a transducer is translated over 41 different positions along the length of the tube. Motion in the radial direction is calculated using two components of motion which are measured from the two orthogonal views of the cross-section. This enables more accurate estimation of motion along the circumference of tube.Main results. The results provide more information to categorize the motion in tube wall into two types of responses: a transient response and a steady state response. The transient response is caused by ARF application and the waves travel along the length of the tube for a relatively short period of time. This corresponds to the axial and circumferential propagating waves. The two circumferential waves travel along the circumference of tube in CW (clockwise) and CCW (counter-clockwise) direction and result in a standing wave. By using a directional filter, the two waves were successfully separated, and their propagation was more clearly visualized. As a steady state response, a circumferential mode is generated showing a symmetric motion (i.e. the proximal and distal walls move in the opposite direction) following the transient response.Significance.This study provides a more comprehensive understanding of the waves produced in an artery-mimicking tube with ARF application, which will provide opportunities for improving measurement of arterial mechanical properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyoung-Ki Lee
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Charles B Capron
- Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rochester, United States of America
| | - Hsiao-Chuan Liu
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Tuhin Roy
- North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States of America
| | - Murthy N Guddati
- North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States of America
| | - James F Greenleaf
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Matthew W Urban
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Roy T, Guddati MN. Full wave simulation of arterial response under acoustic radiation force. Comput Biol Med 2022; 149:106021. [PMID: 36055160 PMCID: PMC9854170 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.106021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
With the ultimate goal of estimating arterial viscoelasticity using shear wave elastography, this paper presents a practical methodology to simulate the response of a human carotid artery under acoustic radiation force (ARF). The artery is idealized as a nearly incompressible viscoelastic hollow cylinder submerged in incompressible, inviscid fluid. For this idealization, we develop a multi-step methodology for efficient computation of three-dimensional response under complex ARF excitation, while capturing the fluid-structure interaction between the arterial wall and the surrounding fluid. The specific steps include (a) performing dimensional reduction through semi-analytical finite element formulation, (b) efficient finite element discretization using traditional and recent techniques. The computational efficiency is further enhanced by utilizing (c) modal superposition, followed by, where appropriate, (d) impulse response function. In addition to developing the methodology, convergence analysis is performed for a typical arterial geometry, leading to recommendations on various discretization parameters. At the end, the computational effort is shown to be several orders of magnitude less than the traditional, fully three-dimensional analysis using finite element methods, leading to a practical yet accurate simulation of arterial response under ARF excitations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tuhin Roy
- North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Irons L, Estrada AC, Humphrey JD. Intracellular signaling control of mechanical homeostasis in the aorta. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2022; 21:1339-1355. [PMID: 35867282 PMCID: PMC10547132 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-022-01593-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Mature arteries exhibit a preferred biomechanical state in health evidenced by a narrow range of intramural and wall shear stresses. When stresses are perturbed by changes in blood pressure or flow, homeostatic mechanisms tend to restore target values via altered contractility and/or cell and matrix turnover. In contrast, vascular disease associates with compromised homeostasis, hence we must understand mechanisms underlying mechanical homeostasis and its robustness. Here, we use a multiscale computational model wherein mechanosensitive intracellular signaling pathways drive arterial growth and remodeling. First, we identify an ensemble of cell-level parameterizations where tissue-level responses are well-regulated and adaptive to hemodynamic perturbations. The responsible mechanism is persistent multiscale negative feedback whereby mechanosensitive signaling drives mass turnover until homeostatic target stresses are reached. This demonstrates how robustness emerges despite inevitable cell and individual heterogeneity. Second, we investigate tissue-level effects of signaling node knockdowns (ATIR, ROCK, TGF[Formula: see text]RII, PDGFR, ERK1/2) and find general agreement with experimental reports of fault tolerance. Robustness against structural changes manifests via low engagement of the node under baseline stresses or compensatory multiscale feedback via upregulation of additional pathways. Third, we show how knockdowns affect collagen and smooth muscle turnover at baseline and with perturbed stresses. In several cases, basal production is not remarkably affected, but sensitivities to stress deviations, which influence feedback strength, are reduced. Such reductions can impair adaptive responses, consistent with previously reported aortic vulnerability despite grossly normal appearances. Reduced stress sensitivities thus form a candidate mechanism for how robustness is lost, enabling transitions from health towards disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linda Irons
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ana C Estrada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jay D Humphrey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Fritz M, Köppl T, Oden JT, Wagner A, Wohlmuth B, Wu C. A 1D-0D-3D coupled model for simulating blood flow and transport processes in breast tissue. Int J Numer Method Biomed Eng 2022; 38:e3612. [PMID: 35522186 DOI: 10.1002/cnm.3612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we present mixed dimensional models for simulating blood flow and transport processes in breast tissue and the vascular tree supplying it. These processes are considered, to start from the aortic inlet to the capillaries and tissue of the breast. Large variations in biophysical properties and flow conditions exist in this system necessitating the use of different flow models for different geometries and flow regimes. In total, we consider four different model types. First, a system of 1D nonlinear hyperbolic partial differential equations (PDEs) is considered to simulate blood flow in larger arteries with highly elastic vessel walls. Second, we assign 1D linearized hyperbolic PDEs to model the smaller arteries with stiffer vessel walls. The third model type consists of ODE systems (0D models). It is used to model the arterioles and peripheral circulation. Finally, homogenized 3D porous media models are considered to simulate flow and transport in capillaries and tissue within the breast volume. Sink terms are used to account for the influence of the venous and lymphatic systems. Combining the four model types, we obtain two different 1D-0D-3D coupled models for simulating blood flow and transport processes: The first model results in a fully coupled 1D-0D-3D model covering the complete path from the aorta to the breast combining a generic arterial network with a patient specific breast network and geometry. The second model is a reduced one based on the separation of the generic and patient specific parts. The information from a calibrated fully coupled model is used as inflow condition for the patient specific sub-model allowing a significant computational cost reduction. Several numerical experiments are conducted to calibrate the generic model parameters and to demonstrate realistic flow simulations compared to existing data on blood flow in the human breast and vascular system. Moreover, we use two different breast vasculature and tissue data sets to illustrate the robustness of our reduced sub-model approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marvin Fritz
- Department of Mathematics, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Tobias Köppl
- Department of Mathematics, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - John Tinsley Oden
- Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Andreas Wagner
- Department of Mathematics, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Barbara Wohlmuth
- Department of Mathematics, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Chengyue Wu
- Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Jin J, Zhang H, Geng X, Zhang Y, Ye T. The pulse waveform quantification method basing on contour and derivative. Comput Methods Programs Biomed 2022; 220:106784. [PMID: 35405435 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2022.106784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pulse waveform contains abundant physiological and pathological information. The condition of surrounding arteries can be reflected sensitively by the contour and derivative changes of pulse waves. In order to express these changes objectively, the pulse wave needs to be quantified. METHODS This study provides a novel quantification method for pulse waveform in the entire cardiac cycle. It involves two new quantification parameters k1 and k2 to display the waveform change caused by the superimposition of wave reflection in the systolic reflex period, which is the most significant changes period. In this method, multi parameters were fused by Kalman filter to obtain an optimal estimation, involving the new parameters and other parameters: k0 for the early systolic period, C1 and C2 for diastole period, and K for pulse pressure. RESULTS Use correlation analysis to verify the effectiveness of new parameters that the coefficient is 0.7 between them and the typical augmentation index (AIx). The quantification results of 462 single-cycle pulse waves have consistent change trends with aging in 25-75 different age groups. For respiration analysis, the correlation coefficients are all greater than 0.6, even achieved 0.8 in six multi-cycle data between Kalman optimal estimation and breath wave. CONCLUSION This method has quantified the waveform change with physiological status, and these quantification parameters can display the detail of each period. SIGNIFICANCE It will be used to verify waveform recognition accuracy and has a vast potential to detect diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Jin
- Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, P.R. China; School of Microelectronics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Haiying Zhang
- Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, P.R. China; School of Microelectronics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China.
| | - Xingguang Geng
- Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, P.R. China; School of Microelectronics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Yitao Zhang
- Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, P.R. China; School of Microelectronics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Tianchun Ye
- Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, P.R. China; School of Microelectronics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Jiang Y, Zheng Y, Li GY, Zhang Z, Yin Z, Xu W, Cao Y. Probing the Mechanical Properties of Large Arteries by Measuring Their Deformation In Vivo with Ultrasound. Ultrasound Med Biol 2022; 48:1033-1044. [PMID: 35292176 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2022.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Aging and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) may alter the microstructures of arteries and hence their mechanical properties. Therefore, the measurement of intrinsic artery mechanical properties in vivo can provide valuable information in understanding aging and CVDs and is of clinical significance. The accuracy of advanced ultrasound imaging techniques in measuring the deformation of large arteries under blood pressure is good. However, the assessment of arterial stiffness in vivo remains a challenge. An inverse method to infer the constitutive parameters of arteries in vivo from the blood pressure-arterial radius relationship (P-r curve) is proposed here. The stability analysis reveals that a key constitutive parameter, bθ, which measures the circumferential hardening of an artery, can be reliably identified. An in vivo experiment was performed on the common carotid arteries of 41 healthy volunteers (age: 37 ± 17 y). The value of bθ varies significantly (from 0.55 ± 0.15 for the young group to 0.93 ± 0.29 for the older group, p < 0.01) and is positively correlated with age (r = 0.673, p < 0.01). Furthermore, our theoretical analysis and experimental study have revealed a strong correlation between the clinic-used stiffness index β and bθ. This study shows that the arterial material parameter bθ can be measured in vivo, which makes it promising as a new biomarker in the diagnosis of CVDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Jiang
- Institute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, AML, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Zheng
- Institute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, AML, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Guo-Yang Li
- Institute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, AML, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaoyi Zhang
- Institute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, AML, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Ziying Yin
- Institute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, AML, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Weiqiang Xu
- Institute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, AML, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanping Cao
- Institute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, AML, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Xu Z, Sakagawa T, Furui A, Jomyo S, Morita M, Ando M, Tsuji T. Beat-to-beat Estimation of Peripheral Arterial Stiffness from Local PWV for Quantitative Evaluation of Sympathetic Nervous System Activity. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2022; 69:2806-2816. [PMID: 35213305 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2022.3154398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Sympathetic nervous system activity (SNSA) can rapidly modulate arterial stiffness, thus making it an important biomarker for SNSA evaluation. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) is a well-known quantitative indicator of arterial stiffness, but its functional responsivity to SNSA has not been elucidated. This paper reports a method to estimate rapid changes in peripheral arterial stiffness induced by SNSA using local PWV (LPWV) and to further quantify SNSA based on the estimated stiffness. LPWV was measured from the artery near the wrist to the artery near the forefinger using a biodegradable piezoelectric sensor and a photoplethysmography sensor in an electrocutaneous stimulus experiment in which pain indicts the SNSA. The relationship between LPWV, simultaneously measured peripheral arterial stiffness index, and self-reported pain intensity was quantified. The stiffness estimated by LPWV alone and the stiffness estimated by LPWV and arterial pressure both approximate the peripheral arterial stiffness index (R2 = 0.9775 and 0.9719). Pain intensity can be quantitatively evaluated in a sigmoidal relationship by either the estimated stiffness based on LPWV alone (r = 0.8594) or the estimated stiffness based on LPWV and arterial pressure (r = 0.9738). Our results demonstrated the validity of LPWV in the quantitative evaluation of SNSA and the optionality of blood pressure correction depending on application scenarios. This study advances the understanding of sympathetic innervation of peripheral arteries through the sympathetic responsivity of LPWV and contributes a quantitative biomarker for SNSA evaluation.
Collapse
|
33
|
Kauser K, Warner KS, Anderson B, Keyes ED, Hayes RB, Kawamoto E, Perkins DH, Scott R, Isaacson J, Haberer B, Spaans A, Utecht R, Hauser H, Roberts AG, Greenberg M. Creating a Natural Vascular Scaffold by Photochemical Treatment of the Extracellular Matrix for Vascular Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020683. [PMID: 35054866 PMCID: PMC8775700 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of bioscaffolds for cardiovascular medical applications, such as peripheral artery disease (PAD), remains to be a challenge for tissue engineering. PAD is an increasingly common and serious cardiovascular illness characterized by progressive atherosclerotic stenosis, resulting in decreased blood perfusion to the lower extremities. Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stent placement are routinely performed on these patients with suboptimal outcomes. Natural Vascular Scaffolding (NVS) is a novel treatment in the development for PAD, which offers an alternative to stenting by building on the natural structural constituents in the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the blood vessel wall. During NVS treatment, blood vessels are exposed to a photoactivatable small molecule (10-8-10 Dimer) delivered locally to the vessel wall via an angioplasty balloon. When activated with 450 nm wavelength light, this therapy induces the formation of covalent protein–protein crosslinks of the ECM proteins by a photochemical mechanism, creating a natural scaffold. This therapy has the potential to reduce the need for stent placement by maintaining a larger diameter post-angioplasty and minimizing elastic recoil. Experiments were conducted to elucidate the mechanism of action of NVS, including the molecular mechanism of light activation and the impact of NVS on the ECM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katalin Kauser
- Alucent Biomedical Inc., 675 Arapeen Dr, Suite #102, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA; (K.S.W.); (B.A.); (R.H.); (E.K.); (D.P.); (R.S.); (J.I.); (H.H.); (M.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-415-527-9892
| | - Kevin S. Warner
- Alucent Biomedical Inc., 675 Arapeen Dr, Suite #102, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA; (K.S.W.); (B.A.); (R.H.); (E.K.); (D.P.); (R.S.); (J.I.); (H.H.); (M.G.)
| | - Blake Anderson
- Alucent Biomedical Inc., 675 Arapeen Dr, Suite #102, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA; (K.S.W.); (B.A.); (R.H.); (E.K.); (D.P.); (R.S.); (J.I.); (H.H.); (M.G.)
| | - Edgar Dalles Keyes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; (E.D.K.); (A.G.R.)
| | - RB Hayes
- Alucent Biomedical Inc., 675 Arapeen Dr, Suite #102, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA; (K.S.W.); (B.A.); (R.H.); (E.K.); (D.P.); (R.S.); (J.I.); (H.H.); (M.G.)
| | - Eric Kawamoto
- Alucent Biomedical Inc., 675 Arapeen Dr, Suite #102, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA; (K.S.W.); (B.A.); (R.H.); (E.K.); (D.P.); (R.S.); (J.I.); (H.H.); (M.G.)
| | - DH Perkins
- Alucent Biomedical Inc., 675 Arapeen Dr, Suite #102, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA; (K.S.W.); (B.A.); (R.H.); (E.K.); (D.P.); (R.S.); (J.I.); (H.H.); (M.G.)
| | - Robert Scott
- Alucent Biomedical Inc., 675 Arapeen Dr, Suite #102, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA; (K.S.W.); (B.A.); (R.H.); (E.K.); (D.P.); (R.S.); (J.I.); (H.H.); (M.G.)
| | - Jim Isaacson
- Alucent Biomedical Inc., 675 Arapeen Dr, Suite #102, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA; (K.S.W.); (B.A.); (R.H.); (E.K.); (D.P.); (R.S.); (J.I.); (H.H.); (M.G.)
| | - Barb Haberer
- Alumend, LLC, 4800 N. Career Avenue, Suite #108, Sioux Falls, SD 57107, USA; (B.H.); (A.S.); (R.U.)
| | - Ann Spaans
- Alumend, LLC, 4800 N. Career Avenue, Suite #108, Sioux Falls, SD 57107, USA; (B.H.); (A.S.); (R.U.)
| | - Ronald Utecht
- Alumend, LLC, 4800 N. Career Avenue, Suite #108, Sioux Falls, SD 57107, USA; (B.H.); (A.S.); (R.U.)
| | - Hank Hauser
- Alucent Biomedical Inc., 675 Arapeen Dr, Suite #102, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA; (K.S.W.); (B.A.); (R.H.); (E.K.); (D.P.); (R.S.); (J.I.); (H.H.); (M.G.)
| | - Andrew George Roberts
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; (E.D.K.); (A.G.R.)
| | - Myles Greenberg
- Alucent Biomedical Inc., 675 Arapeen Dr, Suite #102, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA; (K.S.W.); (B.A.); (R.H.); (E.K.); (D.P.); (R.S.); (J.I.); (H.H.); (M.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Zhang L, Liu M, Liu W, Hu C, Li H, Deng J, Cao Q, Wang Y, Hu W, Li Q. Th17/IL-17 induces endothelial cell senescence via activation of NF-κB/p53/Rb signaling pathway. J Transl Med 2021; 101:1418-1426. [PMID: 34172831 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-021-00629-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a key mechanism of age-related vascular endothelial dysfunction. Interleukin-17A (IL-17A) is an inflammatory cytokine produced by Th17 cells (a subgroup of helper T cells), which is a key factor in the development of atherosclerosis. However, the effect of IL-17A on the senescence of vascular endothelial cells is still unclear. In this study, we aimed to explore the role of IL-17A on endothelial cell senescence and its signaling pathways associated with senescence. The proportion of Th17 cells in the spleen and the expression levels of IL-17A, IL-6, and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in mice of different ages were increased with aging. In vitro experiments showed that proliferation was inhibited, senescent β-galactosidase and senescence-associated proteins (p16, p19, p21, and p53) of mouse aortic endothelial cells (MAECs) were increased with IL-17A treatment. Blocking the NF-κB pathway with ammonium pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate (PDTC) successfully inhibited IL-17A-induced expression of senescence-associated proteins. In conclusion, our data reveal a previously unsuspected link between IL-17A and endothelial cell senescence, which was mediated by the NF-κB /p53/Rb pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Manli Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Wenhua Liu
- Department of Neurology, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Chaojie Hu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Hongqi Li
- Geriatric Cardiology Department, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Jie Deng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Qi Cao
- The Centre for Transplantation and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Yiping Wang
- The Centre for Transplantation and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, PR China.
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China.
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Concannon J, Moerman KM, Hynes N, Sultan S, McGarry JP. Influence of shape-memory stent grafts on local aortic compliance. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2021; 20:2373-2392. [PMID: 34541627 PMCID: PMC8595172 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-021-01514-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The effect of repair techniques on the biomechanics of the aorta is poorly understood, resulting in significant levels of postoperative complications for patients worldwide. This study presents a computational analysis of the influence of Nitinol-based devices on the biomechanical performance of a healthy patient-specific human aorta. Simulations reveal that Nitinol stent-grafts stretch the artery wall so that collagen is stretched to a straightened high-stiffness configuration. The high-compliance regime (HCR) associated with low diastolic lumen pressure is eliminated, and the artery operates in a low-compliance regime (LCR) throughout the entire cardiac cycle. The slope of the lumen pressure–area curve for the LCR post-implantation is almost identical to that of the native vessel during systole. This negligible change from the native LCR slope occurs because the stent-graft increases its diameter from the crimped configuration during deployment so that it reaches a low-stiffness unloading plateau. The effective radial stiffness of the implant along this unloading plateau is negligible compared to the stiffness of the artery wall. Provided the Nitinol device unloads sufficiently during deployment to the unloading plateau, the degree of oversizing has a negligible effect on the pressure–area response of the vessel, as each device exerts approximately the same radial force, the slope of which is negligible compared to the LCR slope of the native artery. We show that 10% oversizing based on the observed diastolic diameter in the mid descending thoracic aorta results in a complete loss of contact between the device and the wall during systole, which could lead to an endoleak and stent migration. 20% oversizing reaches the Dacron enforced area limit (DEAL) during the pulse pressure and results in an effective zero-compliance in the later portion of systole.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Concannon
- Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Informatics, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - K M Moerman
- Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Informatics, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - N Hynes
- Western Vascular Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - S Sultan
- Western Vascular Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - J P McGarry
- Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Informatics, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Bappoo N, Kelsey LJ, Tongpob Y, Wyrwoll C, Doyle BJ. Investigating the Upstream and Downstream Hemodynamic Boundary Conditions of Healthy and Growth-Restricted Rat Feto-Placental Arterial Networks. Ann Biomed Eng 2021; 49:2183-2195. [PMID: 33646497 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-021-02749-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The placenta uniquely develops to orchestrate maternal adaptations and support fetal growth and development. The expansion of the feto-placental vascular network, in part, underpins function. However it is unclear how vascular development is synergistically influenced by hemodynamics and how impairment may lead to fetal growth restriction (FGR). Here, we present a robust framework consisting of ex vivo placental casting, imaging and computational fluid dynamics of rat feto-placental networks where we investigate inlet (steady and transient) and outlet (zero-pressure, Murray's Law, asymmetric fractal trees and porous blocks) boundary conditions in a model of growth-restriction. We show that the Murray's Law flow-split boundary condition is not always appropriate and that mean steady-state inlet conditions produce comparable results to transient flow. However, we conclude that transient simulations should be adopted as they provide a larger amount of valuable data, a necessity to bridge the current knowledge gap in placental biomechanics. We also show preliminary data on changes in flow, shear stress, and flow deceleration between control and growth-restricted feto-placental networks. Our proposed framework provides a standardized approach for structural and hemodynamic analysis of feto-placental vasculature and has the potential to enhance our understanding of placental function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikhilesh Bappoo
- Vascular Engineering Laboratory, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre and the UWA Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia.
- School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia.
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia.
| | - Lachlan J Kelsey
- Vascular Engineering Laboratory, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre and the UWA Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
- School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Yutthapong Tongpob
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
- Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Caitlin Wyrwoll
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Barry J Doyle
- Vascular Engineering Laboratory, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre and the UWA Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
- School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Melbourne, Australia
- BHF Centre of Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FD, UK
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Pagoulatou S, Adamopoulos D, Rovas G, Bikia V, Stergiopulos N. The effect of left ventricular contractility on arterial hemodynamics: A model-based investigation. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0255561. [PMID: 34339454 PMCID: PMC8328319 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ventricular-arterial coupling is a major determinant of cardiovascular performance, however, there are still inherent difficulties in distinguishing ventricular from vascular effects on arterial pulse phenotypes. In the present study, we employed an extensive mathematical model of the cardiovascular system to investigate how sole changes in cardiac contractility might affect hemodynamics. We simulated two physiologically relevant cases of high and low contractility by altering the end-systolic elastance, Ees, (3 versus 1 mmHg/mL) under constant cardiac output and afterload, and subsequently performed pulse wave analysis and wave separation. The aortic forward pressure wave component was steeper for high Ees, which led to the change of the total pressure waveform from the characteristic Type A phenotype to Type C, and the decrease in augmentation index, AIx (-2.4% versus +18.1%). Additionally, the increase in Ees caused the pulse pressure amplification from the aorta to the radial artery to rise drastically (1.86 versus 1.39). Our results show that an increase in cardiac contractility alone, with no concomitant change in arterial properties, alters the shape of the forward pressure wave, which, consequently, changes central and peripheral pulse phenotypes. Indices based on the pressure waveform, like AIx, cannot be assumed to reflect only arterial properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stamatia Pagoulatou
- Laboratory of Hemodynamics and Cardiovascular Technology (LHTC), Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Georgios Rovas
- Laboratory of Hemodynamics and Cardiovascular Technology (LHTC), Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vasiliki Bikia
- Laboratory of Hemodynamics and Cardiovascular Technology (LHTC), Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nikolaos Stergiopulos
- Laboratory of Hemodynamics and Cardiovascular Technology (LHTC), Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Sonaglioni A, Rigamonti E, Nicolosi GL, Bianchi S, Lombardo M. Influence of chest conformation on ventricular-arterial coupling during normal pregnancy. J Clin Ultrasound 2021; 49:586-596. [PMID: 33634877 DOI: 10.1002/jcu.22996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE There is still controversy regarding the changes of ventricular-arterial coupling (VAC) during normal pregnancy. The possible influence of chest shape on VAC during normal pregnancy has never been investigated. METHODS Between October 2019 and June 2020, 59 healthy pregnant women (33.7 ± 4.4 years/old) were consecutively included. They underwent obstetric visit, modified Haller index (MHI) assessment, and complete echocardiographic evaluation with blood pressure measurement to assess arterial elastance (Ea), end-systolic elastance (Ees), and Ea/Ees as an index of VAC, at 12-14 weeks and 36-38 weeks gestation, then 6-9 weeks after delivery. RESULTS VAC progressively increased from the first to the third trimester of pregnancy, then decreased in the postpartum (P < 0.0001) in the whole study population. Women with concave-shaped chest wall (MHI >2.5, n = 31) but not women with normal chest shape (MHI ≤2.5, n = 28) showed a progressive increase in VAC during normal pregnancy. Women with MHI >2.5 showed a significantly less pronounced increase in stroke volume index (SVi) from the first to the third trimester of pregnancy. There was a strong linear correlation between third trimester MHI and VAC (r = 0.93). CONCLUSIONS Anatomical and/or extrinsic mechanical factors rather than impaired arterial elastance or reduced left ventricular contractility may contribute to changes in VAC during normal pregnancy in women with concave-shaped chest wall.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Sonaglioni
- Department of Cardiology, Ospedale San Giuseppe MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Stefano Bianchi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ospedale San Giuseppe MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Lombardo
- Department of Cardiology, Ospedale San Giuseppe MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Shahidi N, Pan M, Safaei S, Tran K, Crampin EJ, Nickerson DP. Hierarchical semantic composition of biosimulation models using bond graphs. PLoS Comput Biol 2021; 17:e1008859. [PMID: 33983945 PMCID: PMC8148364 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Simulating complex biological and physiological systems and predicting their behaviours under different conditions remains challenging. Breaking systems into smaller and more manageable modules can address this challenge, assisting both model development and simulation. Nevertheless, existing computational models in biology and physiology are often not modular and therefore difficult to assemble into larger models. Even when this is possible, the resulting model may not be useful due to inconsistencies either with the laws of physics or the physiological behaviour of the system. Here, we propose a general methodology for composing models, combining the energy-based bond graph approach with semantics-based annotations. This approach improves model composition and ensures that a composite model is physically plausible. As an example, we demonstrate this approach to automated model composition using a model of human arterial circulation. The major benefit is that modellers can spend more time on understanding the behaviour of complex biological and physiological systems and less time wrangling with model composition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niloofar Shahidi
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Michael Pan
- Systems Biology Laboratory, School of Mathematics and Statistics, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Soroush Safaei
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Kenneth Tran
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Edmund J. Crampin
- Systems Biology Laboratory, School of Mathematics and Statistics, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - David P. Nickerson
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Campinho P, Lamperti P, Boselli F, Vilfan A, Vermot J. Blood Flow Limits Endothelial Cell Extrusion in the Zebrafish Dorsal Aorta. Cell Rep 2021; 31:107505. [PMID: 32294443 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.03.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood flow modulates endothelial cell (EC) response during angiogenesis. Shear stress is known to control gene expression related to the endothelial-mesenchymal transition and endothelial-hematopoietic transition. However, the impact of blood flow on the cellular processes associated with EC extrusion is less well understood. To address this question, we dynamically record EC movements and use 3D quantitative methods to segregate the contributions of various cellular processes to the cellular trajectories in the zebrafish dorsal aorta. We find that ECs spread toward the cell extrusion area following the tissue deformation direction dictated by flow-derived mechanical forces. Cell extrusion increases when blood flow is impaired. Similarly, the mechanosensor polycystic kidney disease 2 (pkd2) limits cell extrusion, suggesting that ECs actively sense mechanical forces in the process. These findings identify pkd2 and flow as critical regulators of EC extrusion and suggest that mechanical forces coordinate this process by maintaining ECs within the endothelium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Campinho
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Paola Lamperti
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Francesco Boselli
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Andrej Vilfan
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Göttingen, Germany; J. Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Julien Vermot
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France; Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Nakano H, Shiina K, Tomiyama H. Cardiovascular Outcomes in the Acute Phase of COVID-19. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22084071. [PMID: 33920790 PMCID: PMC8071172 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The cumulative number of cases in the current global coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has exceeded 100 million, with the number of deaths caused by the infection having exceeded 2.5 million. Recent reports from most frontline researchers have revealed that SARS-CoV-2 can also cause fatal non-respiratory conditions, such as fatal cardiovascular events. One of the important mechanisms underlying the multiple organ damage that is now known to occur during the acute phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection is impairment of vascular function associated with inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2. To manage the risk of vascular dysfunction-related complications in patients with COVID-19, it would be pivotal to clearly elucidate the precise mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 infects endothelial cells to cause vascular dysfunction. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge about the mechanisms involved in the development of vascular dysfunction in the acute phase of COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Nakano
- Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan; (H.N.); (K.S.)
| | - Kazuki Shiina
- Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan; (H.N.); (K.S.)
| | - Hirofumi Tomiyama
- Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan; (H.N.); (K.S.)
- Department of Cardiology and Division of Pre-Emptive Medicine for Vascular Damage, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Tsuji T, Arikuni F, Sasaoka T, Suyama S, Akiyoshi T, Soh Z, Hirano H, Nakamura R, Saeki N, Kawamoto M, Yoshizumi M, Yoshino A, Yamawaki S. Peripheral arterial stiffness during electrocutaneous stimulation is positively correlated with pain-related brain activity and subjective pain intensity: an fMRI study. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4425. [PMID: 33627762 PMCID: PMC7904817 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83833-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain activity associated with pain perception has been revealed by numerous PET and fMRI studies over the past few decades. These findings helped to establish the concept of the pain matrix, which is the distributed brain networks that demonstrate pain-specific cortical activities. We previously found that peripheral arterial stiffness [Formula: see text] responds to pain intensity, which is estimated from electrocardiography, continuous sphygmomanometer, and photo-plethysmography. However, it remains unclear whether and to what extent [Formula: see text] aligns with pain matrix brain activity. In this fMRI study, 22 participants received different intensities of pain stimuli. We identified brain regions in which the blood oxygen level-dependent signal covaried with [Formula: see text] using parametric modulation analysis. Among the identified brain regions, the lateral and medial prefrontal cortex and ventral and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex were consistent with the pain matrix. We found moderate correlations between the average activities in these regions and [Formula: see text] (r = 0.47, p < 0.001). [Formula: see text] was also significantly correlated with self-reported pain intensity (r = 0.44, p < 0.001) and applied pain intensity (r = 0.43, p < 0.001). Our results indicate that [Formula: see text] is positively correlated with pain-related brain activity and subjective pain intensity. This study may thus represent a basis for adopting peripheral arterial stiffness as an objective pain evaluation metric.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toshio Tsuji
- Department of System Cybernetics, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8527, Japan.
| | - Fumiya Arikuni
- Department of System Cybernetics, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8527, Japan
| | - Takafumi Sasaoka
- Center for Brain, Mind and KANSEI Sciences Research, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Shin Suyama
- Department of System Cybernetics, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8527, Japan
| | - Takashi Akiyoshi
- Department of System Cybernetics, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8527, Japan
| | - Zu Soh
- Department of System Cybernetics, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8527, Japan.
| | - Harutoyo Hirano
- College of Engineering, Academic Institute, Shizuoka University, 3-5-1, Johoku, Nakaku, Hamamatsu, 432-8561, Japan
| | - Ryuji Nakamura
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Noboru Saeki
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Masashi Kawamoto
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Masao Yoshizumi
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology and Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Atsuo Yoshino
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Shigeto Yamawaki
- Center for Brain, Mind and KANSEI Sciences Research, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Heil J, Schläpfer M. A Reproducible Intensive Care Unit-Oriented Endotoxin Model in Rats. J Vis Exp 2021. [PMID: 33682855 DOI: 10.3791/62024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis and septic shock remain the leading cause of death in intensive care units. Despite significant improvements in sepsis management, mortality still ranges between 20 and 30%. Novel treatment approaches in order to reduce sepsis-related multiorgan failure and death are urgently needed. Robust animal models allow for one or multiple treatment approaches as well as for testing their effect on physiological and molecular parameters. In this article, a simple animal model is presented. First, general anesthesia is induced in animals either with the use of volatile or by intraperitoneal anesthesia. After placement of an intravenous catheter (tail vein), tracheostomy, and insertion of an intraarterial catheter (tail artery), mechanical ventilation is started. Baseline values of mean arterial blood pressure, arterial blood oxygen saturation, and heart rate are recorded. The injection of lipopolysaccharides (1 milligram/kilogram body weight) dissolved in phosphate-buffered saline induces a strong and reproducible inflammatory response via the toll-like receptor 4. Fluid corrections as well as the application of norepinephrine are performed based on well-established protocols. The animal model presented in this article is easy to learn and strongly oriented towards clinical sepsis treatment in an intensive care unit with sedation, mechanical ventilation, continuous blood pressure monitoring, and repetitive blood sampling. Also, the model is reliable, allowing for reproducible data with a limited number of animals in accordance with the 3R (reduce, replace, refine) principles of animal research. While animal experiments in sepsis research cannot easily replaced, repetitive measurements allow for a reduction of animals and keeping septic animals anesthetized diminishes suffering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Heil
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich
| | - Martin Schläpfer
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich; Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital of Zurich;
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Ayoub D, Elmashad A, Rowisha M, Eltomey M, El Amrousy D. Hemodynamic effects of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation in preterm neonates with respiratory distress syndrome. Pediatr Pulmonol 2021; 56:424-432. [PMID: 33289301 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.25195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) can have negative hemodynamic effects in neonates. We aimed to assess systemic, cerebral, and cardiac hemodynamic changes in preterm neonates with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) on HFOV. METHODS This observational study was conducted from June 2017 until May 2019 on 100 preterm neonates with RDS that needed switching from conventional mechanical ventilation to HFOV. Initial and Follow up capillary blood gas, echocardiographic examination, cranial ultrasound, and Doppler study of cerebral, celiac, superior mesenteric, and renal arteries using resistive index (RI) were performed before, 24 h, and 72 h after the use of HFOV. RESULTS There was no statistically significant difference as regards cardiac function, heart rate, or intraventricular hemorrhage on follow up measurements. However blood pressure, left ventricular dimensions, and volumes statistically increased after HFOV. There was a statistically significant decrease in the pulmonary artery systolic pressure after the use of HFOV. After the use of HFOV, there was a statistically significant increase in the superior vena cava flow and left ventricular output while right ventricular output values initially increased then slightly decreased but still higher than the initial values. RI of cerebral, superior mesenteric, celiac, and renal arteries significantly decreased on follow up measurements which reflected increased blood flow in these arteries. CONCLUSION HFOV had no negative effect on the cerebral, systemic, or cardiac hemodynamics when applied at optimum MAP. Therefore, concerns about negative hemodynamic effects of HFOV should not discourage the use of HFOV when deemed clinically indicated provided the use of optimum MAP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dalia Ayoub
- Pediatric Department, Tanta University Hospital, Tanta, Egypt
| | | | - Mohamed Rowisha
- Pediatric Department, Tanta University Hospital, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Eltomey
- Diagnostic Radiology Department, Tanta University Hospital, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Doaa El Amrousy
- Pediatric Department, Tanta University Hospital, Tanta, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Giudici A, Wilkinson IB, Khir AW. Review of the Techniques Used for Investigating the Role Elastin and Collagen Play in Arterial Wall Mechanics. IEEE Rev Biomed Eng 2021; 14:256-269. [PMID: 32746366 DOI: 10.1109/rbme.2020.3005448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The arterial wall is characterised by a complex microstructure that impacts the mechanical properties of the vascular tissue. The main components consist of collagen and elastin fibres, proteoglycans, Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells (VSMCs) and ground matrix. While VSMCs play a key role in the active mechanical response of arteries, collagen and elastin determine the passive mechanics. Several experimental methods have been designed to investigate the role of these structural proteins in determining the passive mechanics of the arterial wall. Microscopy imaging of load-free or fixed samples provides useful information on the structure-function coupling of the vascular tissue, and mechanical testing provides information on the mechanical role of collagen and elastin networks. However, when these techniques are used separately, they fail to provide a full picture of the arterial micromechanics. More recently, advances in imaging techniques have allowed combining both methods, thus dynamically imaging the sample while loaded in a pseudo-physiological way, and overcoming the limitation of using either of the two methods separately. The present review aims at describing the techniques currently available to researchers for the investigation of the arterial wall micromechanics. This review also aims to elucidate the current understanding of arterial mechanics and identify some research gaps.
Collapse
|
46
|
Chuang KH, Kober F, Ku MC. Quantitative Analysis of Renal Perfusion by Arterial Spin Labeling. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2216:655-666. [PMID: 33476029 PMCID: PMC9703271 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0978-1_39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The signal intensity differences measured by an arterial-spin-labelling (ASL) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) experiment are proportional to the local perfusion, which can be quantified with kinetic modeling. Here we present a step-by-step tutorial for the data post-processing needed to calculate an ASL perfusion map. The process of developing an analysis software is described with the essential program code, which involves nonlinear fitting a tracer kinetic model to the ASL data. Key parameters for the quantification are the arterial transit time (ATT), which is the time the labeled blood takes to flow from the labeling area to the tissue, and the tissue T1. As ATT varies with vasculature, physiology, anesthesia and pathology, it is recommended to measure it using multiple delay times. The tutorial explains how to analyze ASL data with multiple delay times and a T1 map for quantification.This chapter is based upon work from the COST Action PARENCHIMA, a community-driven network funded by the European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) program of the European Union, which aims to improve the reproducibility and standardization of renal MRI biomarkers. This analysis protocol chapter is complemented by two separate chapters describing the basic concept and experimental procedure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Hsiang Chuang
- Queensland Brain Institute and Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Frank Kober
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS UMR7339, Faculté de Médecine, Centre de Résonance Magnétique Biologique et Médicale (CRMBM), Marseille, France.
| | - Min-Chi Ku
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Abstract
The flow inside the perivascular space (PVS) is modeled using a first-principles approach in order to investigate how the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) enters the brain through a permeable layer of glial cells. Lubrication theory is employed to deal with the flow in the thin annular gap of the perivascular space between an impermeable artery and the brain tissue. The artery has an imposed peristaltic deformation and the deformable brain tissue is modeled by means of an elastic Hooke's law. The perivascular flow model is solved numerically, discovering that the peristaltic wave induces a steady streaming to/from the brain which strongly depends on the rigidity and the permeability of the brain tissue. A detailed quantification of the through flow across the glial boundary is obtained for a large parameter space of physiologically relevant conditions. The parameters include the elasticity and permeability of the brain, the curvature of the artery, its length and the amplitude of the peristaltic wave. A steady streaming component of the through flow due to the peristaltic wave is characterized by an in-depth physical analysis and the velocity across the glial layer is found to flow from and to the PVS, depending on the elasticity and permeability of the brain. The through CSF flow velocity is quantified to be of the order of micrometers per seconds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Romanò
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, ONERA, Arts et Métiers Institute of Technology, Centrale Lille, UMR 9014 - LMFL - Laboratoire de Mécanique des Fluides de Lille - Kampé de Fériet, 59000, Lille, France.
| | - Vinod Suresh
- Auckland Bioeng. Inst. and Dept. Eng. Sci., University of Auckland, 70 Symonds Street, Bldg 439, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand
| | - Peter A Galie
- Dept. Biomed. Eng., Rowan University, 201 Mullica Hill Rd, Glassboro, NJ, 08028, USA
| | - James B Grotberg
- Dept. Biomed. Eng., University of Michigan, 2123 Carl A. Gerstacker Building, 2200 Bonisteel Boulevard, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2099, USA
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Xu R, Zhu Z, Tang W, Zhou Q, Zeng S. Inferior Adrenal Artery PI in Fetuses with IUGR: Value Indicating Early Blood Redistribution and Steroidogenic Response. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2020; 105:5908703. [PMID: 32946562 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To characterize the inferior adrenal artery (IAA) pulsatility index (PI) in intrauterine growth-restricted (IUGR) fetuses without brain sparing. METHODS Twenty-three IUGR fetuses with a normal Doppler cerebroplacental ratio (CPR) and 23 normal controls were included in this prospective cross-sectional study. The PI of the IAA was recorded using routine transabdominal Doppler ultrasound. The differences in Doppler characteristics, perinatal outcomes, and steroidogenesis in the umbilical vein at birth (adrenocorticotropic hormone [ACTH] and cortisol [F] levels) were compared between the 2 groups. The correlations between IAA-PI and steroidogenesis were assessed in the IUGR group. RESULTS IAA-PI was significantly lower in IUGR fetuses than in normal controls (0.85 vs 1.18 at first scan, 0.78 vs 0.92 at last scan; both P < 0.001). The plasma F and ACTH levels in IUGR cases were significantly higher than those of the normal controls (18.2 vs 12.4 µg/dL and 280.5 vs 125.6 pg/mL for F and ACTH, respectively; both P < 0.001). There were negative correlations between IAA-PI and plasma F values and between IAA-PI and ACTH values in the IUGR group (r = -0.774 and -0.82 at first scan, r = -0.525 and -0.45 at last scan, respectively; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Increased adrenal gland blood flow with concomitant increases in ACTH and F levels were observed in IUGR fetuses. IAA-PI is useful to assess early blood redistribution and may be beneficial for evaluating the steroidogenic response in high-risk pregnancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ran Xu
- Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ziling Zhu
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wenjuan Tang
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qichang Zhou
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shi Zeng
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Bladt P, den Dekker AJ, Clement P, Achten E, Sijbers J. The costs and benefits of estimating T 1 of tissue alongside cerebral blood flow and arterial transit time in pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling. NMR Biomed 2020; 33:e4182. [PMID: 31736223 PMCID: PMC7685117 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Multi-post-labeling-delay pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (multi-PLD PCASL) allows for absolute quantification of the cerebral blood flow (CBF) as well as the arterial transit time (ATT). Estimating these perfusion parameters from multi-PLD PCASL data is a non-linear inverse problem, which is commonly tackled by fitting the single-compartment model (SCM) for PCASL, with CBF and ATT as free parameters. The longitudinal relaxation time of tissue T1t is an important parameter in this model, as it governs the decay of the perfusion signal entirely upon entry in the imaging voxel. Conventionally, T1t is fixed to a population average. This approach can cause CBF quantification errors, as T1t can vary significantly inter- and intra-subject. This study compares the impact on CBF quantification, in terms of accuracy and precision, of either fixing T1t , the conventional approach, or estimating it alongside CBF and ATT. It is shown that the conventional approach can cause a significant bias in CBF. Indeed, simulation experiments reveal that if T1t is fixed to a value that is 10% off its true value, this may already result in a bias of 15% in CBF. On the other hand, as is shown by both simulation and real data experiments, estimating T1t along with CBF and ATT results in a loss of CBF precision of the same order, even if the experiment design is optimized for the latter estimation problem. Simulation experiments suggest that an optimal balance between accuracy and precision of CBF estimation from multi-PLD PCASL data can be expected when using the two-parameter estimator with a fixed T1t value between population averages of T1t and the longitudinal relaxation time of blood T1b .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Piet Bladt
- imec‐Vision Lab, Department of PhysicsUniversity of Antwerp2610AntwerpBelgium
| | - Arnold J. den Dekker
- imec‐Vision Lab, Department of PhysicsUniversity of Antwerp2610AntwerpBelgium
- Delft Center for Systems and ControlDelft University of Technology2628 CDDelftThe Netherlands
| | - Patricia Clement
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear MedicineGhent University9000GhentBelgium
| | - Eric Achten
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear MedicineGhent University9000GhentBelgium
| | - Jan Sijbers
- imec‐Vision Lab, Department of PhysicsUniversity of Antwerp2610AntwerpBelgium
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Kirshenbaum M, Haas J, Nahum R, Aizer A, Yinon Y, Orvieto R. The Effect of Ovarian Stimulation on Endothelial Function-A Prospective Cohort Study using Peripheral Artery Tonometry. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2020; 105:5910711. [PMID: 32968793 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) serves as an alternative to human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) to trigger final oocyte maturation, while it significantly reduces the risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS), probably by attenuating vascular/endothelial activation. OBJECTIVES The objectives of this work are to compare the effect of different modes of final follicular maturation (hCG vs GnRH-a) following ovarian stimulation (OS) for in vitro fertilization (IVF) on endothelial function. DESIGN AND SETTING A prospective cohort study was conducted at a tertiary medical center. PARTICIPANTS Patients age 37 years or younger, undergoing OS for IVF, were allocated into 2 groups according to the type of final follicle maturation: the hCG group (n = 7) or the GnRH-a group (n = 8). INTERVENTION Endothelial function was assessed by measurement of the peripheral arterial tonometry in reaction to temporary ischemia at 3 study points: day 3 of menstrual cycle (day 0), day of hCG/GnRH-a administration (day trigger) and day of oocyte pick-up (day OPU). The ratio of arterial tonometry readings before and after ischemia is called the reactive hyperemia index (RHI). Decreased RHI (< 1.67) indicates endothelial dysfunction. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The main outcomes measures of this study included endothelial function at 3 study points during OS with different modes of triggering final follicular maturation. RESULTS The mean RHI values at day 0 were within the normal range for all patients and comparable between both groups (hCG: 1.7 ± 0.3 vs GnRH-a: 1.79 ± 0.4, P = .6). All patients presented a decrease in RHI values on day trigger, which did not differ between the 2 groups (1.62 ± 0.3 vs 1.4 ± 0.2, respectively, P = .2). However, the hCG group demonstrated a further decrease in RHI on day OPU, whereas patients who received GnRH-a had restored normal endothelial function reflected by increased RHI values (1.4 ± 0.2 vs 1.75 ± 0.2, respectively, P = .03). CONCLUSIONS Triggering final follicular maturation with GnRH-a restored normal endothelial function, whereas hCG trigger resulted in a decrease in endothelial function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michal Kirshenbaum
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Jigal Haas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ravit Nahum
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Adva Aizer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yoav Yinon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Raoul Orvieto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| |
Collapse
|