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Nguyen A, Roy JJS, Kim JH, Yun KH, Lee W, Kim KK, Kim T, Chaurasia AK. Repeated Exposure of Vancomycin to Vancomycin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (VSSA) Parent Emerged VISA and VRSA Strains with Enhanced Virulence Potentials. J Microbiol 2024:10.1007/s12275-024-00139-8. [PMID: 38814539 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-024-00139-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
The emergence of resistance against the last-resort antibiotic vancomycin in staphylococcal infections is a serious concern for human health. Although various drug-resistant pathogens of diverse genetic backgrounds show higher virulence potential, the underlying mechanism behind this is not yet clear due to variability in their genetic dispositions. In this study, we investigated the correlation between resistance and virulence in adaptively evolved isogenic strains. The vancomycin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus USA300 was exposed to various concentrations of vancomycin repeatedly as a mimic of the clinical regimen to obtain mutation(s)-accrued-clonally-selected (MACS) strains. The phenotypic analyses followed by expression of the representative genes responsible for virulence and resistance of MACS strains were investigated. MACS strains obtained under 2 and 8 µg/ml vancomycin, named Van2 and Van8, respectively; showed enhanced vancomycin minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) to 4 and 16 µg/ml, respectively. The cell adhesion and invasion of MACS strains increased in proportion to their MICs. The correlation between resistance and virulence potential was partially explained by the differential expression of genes known to be involved in both virulence and resistance in MACS strains compared to parent S. aureus USA300. Repeated treatment of vancomycin against vancomycin-susceptible S. aureus (VSSA) leads to the emergence of vancomycin-resistant strains with variable levels of enhanced virulence potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Nguyen
- Department of Precision Medicine, Graduate School of Basic Medical Science (GSBMS), Institute for Antimicrobial Resistance Research and Therapeutics, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - J Jean Sophy Roy
- Department of Precision Medicine, Graduate School of Basic Medical Science (GSBMS), Institute for Antimicrobial Resistance Research and Therapeutics, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hoon Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Hee Yun
- Department of Precision Medicine, Graduate School of Basic Medical Science (GSBMS), Institute for Antimicrobial Resistance Research and Therapeutics, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonsik Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong Kyu Kim
- Department of Precision Medicine, Graduate School of Basic Medical Science (GSBMS), Institute for Antimicrobial Resistance Research and Therapeutics, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Truc Kim
- Department of Precision Medicine, Graduate School of Basic Medical Science (GSBMS), Institute for Antimicrobial Resistance Research and Therapeutics, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Akhilesh Kumar Chaurasia
- Department of Precision Medicine, Graduate School of Basic Medical Science (GSBMS), Institute for Antimicrobial Resistance Research and Therapeutics, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
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Bouhrour N, Nibbering PH, Bendali F. Medical Device-Associated Biofilm Infections and Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens. Pathogens 2024; 13:393. [PMID: 38787246 PMCID: PMC11124157 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13050393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Medical devices such as venous catheters (VCs) and urinary catheters (UCs) are widely used in the hospital setting. However, the implantation of these devices is often accompanied by complications. About 60 to 70% of nosocomial infections (NIs) are linked to biofilms. The main complication is the ability of microorganisms to adhere to surfaces and form biofilms which protect them and help them to persist in the host. Indeed, by crossing the skin barrier, the insertion of VC inevitably allows skin flora or accidental environmental contaminants to access the underlying tissues and cause fatal complications like bloodstream infections (BSIs). In fact, 80,000 central venous catheters-BSIs (CVC-BSIs)-mainly occur in intensive care units (ICUs) with a death rate of 12 to 25%. Similarly, catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CA-UTIs) are the most commonlyhospital-acquired infections (HAIs) worldwide.These infections represent up to 40% of NIs.In this review, we present a summary of biofilm formation steps. We provide an overview of two main and important infections in clinical settings linked to medical devices, namely the catheter-asociated bloodstream infections (CA-BSIs) and catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CA-UTIs), and highlight also the most multidrug resistant bacteria implicated in these infections. Furthermore, we draw attention toseveral useful prevention strategies, and advanced antimicrobial and antifouling approaches developed to reduce bacterial colonization on catheter surfaces and the incidence of the catheter-related infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesrine Bouhrour
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia 06000, Algeria;
| | - Peter H. Nibbering
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands;
| | - Farida Bendali
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia 06000, Algeria;
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Wu S, Sheng L, Kou G, Tian R, Ye Y, Wang W, Sun J, Ji J, Shao J, Zhang Y, Sun X. Double phage displayed peptides co-targeting-based biosensor with signal enhancement activity for colorimetric detection of Staphylococcus aureus. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 249:116005. [PMID: 38199079 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The development of simple, fast, sensitive, and specific strategies for the detection of foodborne pathogenic bacteria is crucial for ensuring food safety and promoting human health. Currently, detection methods for Staphylococcus aureus still suffer from issues such as low specificity and low sensitivity. To address this problem, we proposed a sensitivity enhancement strategy based on double phage-displayed peptides (PDPs) co-targeting. Firstly, we screened two PDPs and analyzed their binding mechanisms through fluorescent localization, pull-down assay, and molecular docking. The two PDPs target S. aureus by binding to specific proteins on its outer membrane. Based on this phenomenon, a convenient and sensitive double PDPs colorimetric biosensor was developed. Double thiol-modified phage-displayed peptides (PDP-SH) enhance the aggregation of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), whereas the specific interaction between the double PDPs and bacteria inhibits the aggregation of AuNPs, resulting in an increased visible color change before and after the addition of bacteria. This one-step colorimetric approach displayed a high sensitivity of 2.35 CFU/mL and a wide detection range from 10-2 × 108 CFU/mL. The combination with smartphone-based image analysis improved the portability of this method. This strategy achieves the straightforward, highly sensitive and portable detection of pathogenic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang Wu
- School of Food Science and Technology, International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; Yixing Institute of Food and Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Yixing, 214200, China
| | - Lina Sheng
- School of Food Science and Technology, International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; Yixing Institute of Food and Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Yixing, 214200, China
| | - Guocheng Kou
- School of Food Science and Technology, International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; Yixing Institute of Food and Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Yixing, 214200, China
| | - Run Tian
- School of Food Science and Technology, International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; Yixing Institute of Food and Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Yixing, 214200, China
| | - Yongli Ye
- School of Food Science and Technology, International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; Yixing Institute of Food and Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Yixing, 214200, China
| | - Weiya Wang
- School of Food Science and Technology, International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; Yixing Institute of Food and Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Yixing, 214200, China
| | - Jiadi Sun
- School of Food Science and Technology, International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; Yixing Institute of Food and Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Yixing, 214200, China
| | - Jian Ji
- School of Food Science and Technology, International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; Yixing Institute of Food and Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Yixing, 214200, China
| | - Jingdong Shao
- Comprehensive Technology Center of Zhangjiagang Customs, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu, 215600, China
| | - Yinzhi Zhang
- School of Food Science and Technology, International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Xiulan Sun
- School of Food Science and Technology, International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; Yixing Institute of Food and Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Yixing, 214200, China.
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Colombo APV, do Souto RM, Araújo LL, Espíndola LCP, Hartenbach FARR, Magalhães CB, da Silva Oliveira Alves G, Lourenço TGB, da Silva-Boghossian CM. Antimicrobial resistance and virulence of subgingival staphylococci isolated from periodontal health and diseases. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11613. [PMID: 37463947 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38599-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The dysbiotic biofilm of periodontitis may function as a reservoir for opportunistic human pathogens of clinical relevance. This study explored the virulence and antimicrobial susceptibility of staphylococci isolated from the subgingival biofilm of individuals with different periodontal conditions. Subgingival biofilm was obtained from 142 individuals with periodontal health, 101 with gingivitis and 302 with periodontitis, and cultivated on selective media. Isolated strains were identified by mass spectrometry. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by disk diffusion. The mecA and virulence genes were surveyed by PCR. Differences among groups regarding species, virulence and antimicrobial resistance were examined by Chi-square, Kruskal-Wallis or Mann-Whitney tests. The overall prevalence of subgingival staphylococci was 46%, especially in severe periodontitis (> 60%; p < 0.01). S. epidermidis (59%) and S. aureus (22%) were the predominant species across groups. S. condimenti, S. hominis, S. simulans and S. xylosus were identified only in periodontitis. High rates of resistance/reduced sensitivity were found for penicillin (60%), amoxicillin (55%) and azithromycin (37%), but multidrug resistance was observed in 12% of the isolates. Over 70% of the mecA + strains in periodontitis were isolated from severe disease. Higher detection rates of fnB + isolates were observed in periodontitis compared to health and gingivitis, whereas luxF/luxS-pvl + strains were associated with sites with deep pockets and attachment loss (p < 0.05). Penicillin-resistant staphylococci is highly prevalent in the subgingival biofilm regardless of the periodontal status. Strains carrying virulence genes related to tissue adhesion/invasion, inflammation and cytotoxicity support the pathogenic potential of these opportunists in the periodontal microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Vieira Colombo
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
- Department of Clinics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Renata Martins do Souto
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lélia Lima Araújo
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Clinics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Laís Christina Pontes Espíndola
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Clinics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fátima Aparecida R R Hartenbach
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Clinics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Clarissa Bichara Magalhães
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Clinics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Talita Gomes Baêta Lourenço
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carina Maciel da Silva-Boghossian
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Clinics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Venkateswaran P, Vasudevan S, David H, Shaktivel A, Shanmugam K, Neelakantan P, Solomon AP. Revisiting ESKAPE Pathogens: virulence, resistance, and combating strategies focusing on quorum sensing. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1159798. [PMID: 37457962 PMCID: PMC10339816 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1159798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The human-bacterial association is long-known and well-established in terms of both augmentations of human health and attenuation. However, the growing incidents of nosocomial infections caused by the ESKAPE pathogens (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter sp.) call for a much deeper understanding of these organisms. Adopting a holistic approach that includes the science of infection and the recent advancements in preventing and treating infections is imperative in designing novel intervention strategies against ESKAPE pathogens. In this regard, this review captures the ingenious strategies commissioned by these master players, which are teamed up against the defenses of the human team, that are equally, if not more, versatile and potent through an analogy. We have taken a basketball match as our analogy, dividing the human and bacterial species into two teams playing with the ball of health. Through this analogy, we make the concept of infectious biology more accessible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvathy Venkateswaran
- Quorum Sensing Laboratory, Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID), School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Sahana Vasudevan
- Quorum Sensing Laboratory, Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID), School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Helma David
- Quorum Sensing Laboratory, Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID), School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Adityan Shaktivel
- Quorum Sensing Laboratory, Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID), School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Karthik Shanmugam
- Quorum Sensing Laboratory, Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID), School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Prasanna Neelakantan
- Division of Restorative Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Adline Princy Solomon
- Quorum Sensing Laboratory, Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID), School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur, India
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Asghar F, Bano A, Waheed F, Ahmed Anjum A, Ejaz H, Javed N. Association of exogenous factors with molecular epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus in human oral cavity. Saudi J Biol Sci 2023; 30:103613. [PMID: 36936700 PMCID: PMC10018566 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2023.103613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The frequency of Staphylococcus aureus strains associated with oral cavity microbiota has prodigious consideration. Although S. aureus has been reflected as an ephemeral member of the human oral cavity microbiota, the isolation, identification, and characterization of S. aureus is important. The present study aimed to characterize S. aureus strains from the oral cavity microflora, isolation of S. aureus from the human oral cavity microbiota, and demographic information of the participants to evaluate exogenous factors associated with the presence of S. aureus and their genetic analysis linkage with different factors. The method used in this study is the isolation of oral cavity microbiomes using sheep blood agar and Mannitol salt agar. We performed antibiotic profiling with various antibiotics and genetic analysis utilizing gene-specific primers for specific genes, including nuc, mecA, pvl, agr, and coa. A significant number of S. aureus isolates were found in the oral cavity of humans 18/84 (21.42%), and all 18 strains tested positive for the confirmatory nuc gene. Antibiotic resistance-conferring gene mecA was positive in 10 (55.6%) isolates. It was found that the occurrence of pvl, agr, and coagulase (coa) genes was 9 (50%), 6 (33.33%), and 10 (55.6%), respectively. The genetic analysis reported that significant associations were present between male and mecA gene (P = 0.03) and coa (P = 0.03), smokers with the occurrence of mecA (P = 0.02), agr (P = 0.048) and coa (P = 0.02) genes. Likewise, the association of antibiotic usage was significantly found with mecA (P = 0.02), coa (P = 0.02); however, the individuals who have taken orthodontic treatment recently have a significant association with agr (P = 0.017). The use of mouth rinse was significantly associated with the prevalence of the pvl gene (P = 0.01), and tooth brushing frequency and inflammation of the buccal cavity were also statistically significant in relation to pvl gene prevalence (P = 0.02, 0.00, respectively). Moreover, calories and weight-controlled diet were significantly associated with mecA, agr, and highly significant with coa (P = 0.02, 0.048, 0.000), so all P < 0.05, and no significant association was found between the socioeconomic status of individuals with aforementioned analyzed genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Asghar
- Institute of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Abida Bano
- Institute of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Fadia Waheed
- Institute of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aftab Ahmed Anjum
- Quality Operations Laboratory, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hasan Ejaz
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Numan Javed
- Institute of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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Dewey MJ, Collins AJ, Tiffany A, Barnhouse VR, Lu C, Kolliopoulos V, Mutreja I, Hickok NJ, Harley BAC. Evaluation of bacterial attachment on mineralized collagen scaffolds and addition of manuka honey to increase mesenchymal stem cell osteogenesis. Biomaterials 2023; 294:122015. [PMID: 36701999 PMCID: PMC9928779 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The design of biomaterials to regenerate bone is likely to increasingly require modifications that reduce bacterial attachment and biofilm formation as infection during wound regeneration can significantly impede tissue repair and typically requires surgical intervention to restart the healing process. Further, much research on infection prevention in bone biomaterials has focused on modeling of non-resorbable metal alloy materials, whereas an expanding direction of bone regeneration has focused on development of bioresorbable materials. This represents a need for the prevention and understanding of infection in resorbable biomaterials. Here, we investigate the ability of a mineralized collagen biomaterial to natively resist infection and examine how the addition of manuka honey, previously identified as an antimicrobial agent, affects gram positive and negative bacterial colonization and mesenchymal stem cell osteogenesis and vasculature formation. We incorporate manuka honey into these scaffolds via either direct fabrication into the scaffold microarchitecture or via soaking the scaffold in a solution of manuka honey after fabrication. Direct incorporation results in a change in the surface characteristics and porosity of mineralized collagen scaffolds. Soaking scaffolds in honey concentrations higher than 10% had significant negative effects on mesenchymal stem cell metabolic activity. Soaking or incorporating 5% honey had no impact on endothelial cell tube formation. Although solutions of 5% honey reduced metabolic activity of mesenchymal stem cells, MSC-seeded scaffolds displayed increased calcium and phosphorous mineral formation, osteoprotegerin release, and alkaline phosphatase activity. Bacteria cultured on mineralized collagen scaffolds demonstrated surfaces covered in bacteria and no method of preventing infection, and using 10 times the minimal inhibitory concentration of antibiotics did not completely kill bacteria within the mineralized collagen scaffolds, indicating bioresorbable scaffold materials may act to shield bacteria from antibiotics. The addition of 5% manuka honey to scaffolds was not sufficient to prevent P. aeruginosa attachment or consistently reduce the activity of methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus, and concentrations above 7% manuka honey are likely necessary to impact MRSA. Together, our results suggest bioresorbable scaffolds may create an environment conducive to bacterial growth, and potential trade-offs exist for the incorporation of low levels of honey in scaffolds to increase osteogenic potential of osteoprogenitors while high-levels of honey may be sufficient to reduce gram positive or negative bacteria activity but at the cost of reduced osteogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marley J Dewey
- Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Alan J Collins
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Aleczandria Tiffany
- Dept. of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Victoria R Barnhouse
- Dept. of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Crislyn Lu
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Vasiliki Kolliopoulos
- Dept. of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Isha Mutreja
- Department of Restorative Science, Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Noreen J Hickok
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sidney Kimmel Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Brendan A C Harley
- Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA; Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA; Dept. of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA; Dept. of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA; Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
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8
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High Virulence and Multidrug Resistance of Escherichia coli Isolated in Periodontal Disease. Microorganisms 2022; 11:microorganisms11010045. [PMID: 36677337 PMCID: PMC9863014 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontal disease is caused by different gram-negative anaerobic bacteria; however, Escherichia coli has also been isolated from periodontitis and its role in periodontitis is less known. This study aimed to determine the variability in virulence genotype, antibiotic resistance phenotype, biofilm formation, phylogroups, and serotypes in different emerging periodontal strains of Escherichia coli, isolated from patients with periodontal disease and healthy controls. E. coli, virulence genes, and phylogroups, were identified by PCR, antibiotic susceptibility by the Kirby-Bauer method, biofilm formation was quantified using polystyrene microtiter plates, and serotypes were determined by serotyping. Although E. coli was not detected in the controls (n = 70), it was isolated in 14.7% (100/678) of the patients. Most of the strains (n = 81/100) were multidrug-resistance. The most frequent adhesion genes among the strains were fimH and iha, toxin genes were usp and hlyA, iron-acquisition genes were fyuA and irp2, and protectin genes were ompT, and KpsMT. Phylogroup B2 and serotype O25:H4 were the most predominant among the strains. These findings suggest that E. coli may be involved in periodontal disease due to its high virulence, multidrug-resistance, and a wide distribution of phylogroups and serotypes.
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Bagheri R, Bohlouli S, Maleki Dizaj S, Shahi S, Memar MY, Salatin S. The Antimicrobial and Anti-Biofilm Effects of Hypericum perforatum Oil on Common Pathogens of Periodontitis: An In Vitro Study. Clin Pract 2022; 12:1009-1019. [PMID: 36547112 PMCID: PMC9777146 DOI: 10.3390/clinpract12060104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The antibacterial and anti-biofilm effects of Hypericum perforatum oil against the common pathogens of periodontitis (Escherichia coli, Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Porphyromonas gingivalis) was investigated. Disk diffusion (DD), minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) approaches were applied to test the antimicrobial effects. In order to determine the anti-biofilm effects, the amount of bacterial biofilm formation was assessed using the microtiter plate technique. The anti-biofilm effects were then confirmed by determining the minimum biofilm inhibitor concentration (MBIC). The MIC, MBC, MBIC, and DD values were 64, 256, 512 μg/mL, and 14 mm for Staphylococcus aureus; 128, 256, 512 μg/mL, and 16 mm for Streptococcus mutans; 256, 512, 256 μg/mL, and 20 mm for Escherichia coli; 32, 128, 512 µg/mL, and 16 mm for Enterococcus faecalis; and 64, 128, 256 µg/mL, and 15 mm for Porphyromonas gingivalis, respectively. According to our results, Hypericum perforatum oil has antibacterial and anti-biofilm properties against the common bacteria associated with periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Bagheri
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51548-53431, Iran
| | - Sepideh Bohlouli
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51548-53431, Iran
| | - Solmaz Maleki Dizaj
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51548-53431, Iran
- Correspondence: (S.M.D.); (M.Y.M.)
| | - Shahriar Shahi
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51548-53431, Iran
| | - Mohammad Yousef Memar
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51548-53431, Iran
- Correspondence: (S.M.D.); (M.Y.M.)
| | - Sara Salatin
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51548-53431, Iran
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Zhao R, Wang X, Wang X, Du B, Xu K, Zhang F, Jiang C, Zhao Y, Zhu Y. Molecular characterization and virulence gene profiling of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus associated with bloodstream infections in southern China. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1008052. [PMID: 36325019 PMCID: PMC9618618 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1008052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) causes an enormous illness burden, including skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs), pneumonia, bloodstream infections (BSI), and sepsis. BSI are associated with significant patient morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, limited information is available on MRSA-related BSI in China. This study aimed to investigate the molecular characterization of 77 MRSA isolates recovered from hospitalized patients with BSI between 2012 and 2020 at three first-class tertiary hospitals in southern China based on multilocus sequence typing (MLST), spa typing, and staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) typing. Overall, 13 clonal complexes (CCs) were identified, with CC59 and CC5 being the largest clusters, indicating high genetic diversity among BSI-causing MRSA isolates. ST59 was the most prevalent MLST type (22.1%). ST5/ST764-MRSA SCCmec II was the predominant adult MRSA clone, whereas ST59-MRSA SCCmec IV was the most common pediatric MRSA clone. ST5-t2460, ST764-t1084, and ST59-t437 were the most common types of adult MRSA isolates, whereas ST59-t437 and ST59-t172 were the predominant types of children’s MRSA isolates. ST59-SCCmec IV/V represented the most common clone among community acquired-MRSA isolates. ST5/ST764-SCCmec II was the most common type of hospital-associated MRSA isolate. The most prevalent toxin-encoding genes detected were hla, hld, icaA, and clfA (96.1–100%). Forty-three (100%, 43/43) isolates harbored more than 18 of the tested virulence genes in adults and eight virulence genes (23.5%, 8/34) in children. Virulence gene analysis revealed diversity among different clones: the positivity rates for the Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) gene were 55.8 and 35.3% in adult and pediatric MRSA isolates, respectively; the genes seb–sei were present in all adult strains; seb–seg–sei–seo were present in all ST5, ST59, ST15, ST45, and ST22 adult strains; and seg–sei–sem–sen–seo were present in different clones, including ST15, ST45, and ST22 adult MRSA isolates and ST25, ST30, ST546, and ST72 children’s MRSA isolates. Adult MRSA isolates had significantly higher antibiotic resistance rates and virulence gene prevalence than pediatric MRSA isolates. For 8 years, this study provided epidemiological data on the molecular characteristics and virulence genes in different groups of MRSA BSI in China. Our findings may provide critical information for a better understanding of MRSA BSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhao
- Laboratory Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinhui Wang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bingyu Du
- Laboratory Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kexin Xu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Faming Zhang
- Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Changhong Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanfeng Zhao
- Laboratory Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Yanfeng Zhao,
| | - Yefei Zhu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Yefei Zhu,
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Abe FC, Kodaira K, Motta CDCB, Barberato-Filho S, Silva MT, Guimarães CC, Martins CC, Lopes LC. Antimicrobial resistance of microorganisms present in periodontal diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:961986. [PMID: 36262326 PMCID: PMC9574196 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.961986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to estimate the antimicrobial resistance in microorganisms present in periodontal diseases.MethodsA systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA statement. The MEDLINE (PubMed/Ovid), EMBASE, BVS, CINAHL, and Web of Science databases were searched from January 2011 to December 2021 for observational studies which evaluated the antimicrobial resistance in periodontal diseases in permanent dentition. Studies that allowed the antimicrobial consumption until the time of sample collection, studies that used laboratory acquired strains, studies that only characterized the microbial strain present, assessment of cellular morphological changes, sequencing system validation, and time series were excluded. Six reviewers, working in pairs and independently, selected titles, abstracts, and full texts extracting data from all studies that met the eligibility criteria: characteristics of patients, diagnosis of infection, microbial species assessed, antimicrobial assessed, identification of resistance genes, and virulence factors. “The Joanna Briggs Institute” critical appraisal for case series was adapted to assess the risk of bias in the included studies.ResultsTwenty-four studies (N = 2.039 patients) were included. Prevotella and Porphyromonas species were the most cited microorganisms in the included studies, and the virulence factors were related to Staphylococcus aureus. The antimicrobial reported with the highest frequency of resistance in the included studies was ampicillin (39.5%) and ciprofloxacin showed the lowest frequency of resistance (3.4%). The most cited genes were related to macrolides. The quality of the included studies was considered critically low.ConclusionNo evidence was found regarding the profile of antimicrobial resistance in periodontal diseases, requiring further research that should focus on regional population studies to address this issue in the era of increasing antimicrobial resistance.Clinical relevanceThe knowledge about the present microorganism in periodontal diseases and their respective antimicrobial resistance profiles should guide dentists in prescribing complementary therapy for these infections.Systematic review registration[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000013158], identifier [CRD42018077810].
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia Casale Abe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba, Brazil
| | - Katia Kodaira
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Luciane Cruz Lopes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Luciane Cruz Lopes,
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E-Cigarette Aerosols Promote Oral S. aureus Colonization by Delaying an Immune Response and Bacterial Clearing. Cells 2022; 11:cells11050773. [PMID: 35269394 PMCID: PMC8909134 DOI: 10.3390/cells11050773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
E-cigarette (e-cig) vapor has been shown to play a pathological role in oral health and alter the oral microbiota, providing growth advantages for opportunistic pathogens. Enrichment of Staphylococcus aureus, a commensal resident in the oral cavity, correlates with the progression of periodontal disease, suggesting a role as an opportunistic pathogen. Environmental conditions, such as cigarette smoke, are known to increase S. aureus virulence, yet the role of S. aureus in periodontitis and oral preneoplasia is unknown. We exposed oral epithelial cells to e-cig aerosols and showed a dose-dependent cell viability reduction, regardless of nicotine content, in a possible attempt to repair DNA damage, as measured by pH2AX. S. aureus attachment to oral epithelial cells and bacterial biofilm formation were enhanced upon e-cig exposure, indicating an increased capacity for oral colonization. Mechanistically, e-cig aerosol exposure resulted in an immunosuppression, as determined by a reduction in IL8, IL6, and IL1β secretion by oral epithelial cells during co-culture with S. aureus. Consistent with this, e-cig vape reduced the oral epithelial cell clearance of S. aureus. Furthermore, we observed an increased expression of the inflammatory regulator COX2. This work suggests that e-cigs promote S. aureus colonization and modulate the oral inflammatory response, possibly promoting oral periodontitis and preneoplasia.
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Mupirocin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Iran: A Biofilm Production and Genetic Characteristics. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:7408029. [PMID: 35075429 PMCID: PMC8783719 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7408029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The spread of mupirocin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains in hospitals and communities is a universal challenge. Limited data is available on the genetic features of high-level mupirocin resistant- (HLMUPR-) S. aureus isolates in Tehran. In the present research, we investigated 48 high-level mupirocin resistance S. aureus by antimicrobial activity, virulence analysis, biofilm formation, multilocus sequence typing (MLST), and staphylocoagulase (SC) typing. All the HLMUPR strains were positive for mupA gene. The frequency of multidrug resistance was 97.9%. Twenty-one (43.8%) were toxinogenic with 14 producing pvl (29.2%), 5 tst (10.4%), and two eta (4.2%). Among the HLMUPR isolates, biofilm production was detected in 45 (89.6%) isolates with complete dominance clfB, clfA genes, and a noticeably high frequency fnbA (95.8%), followed by fnbB (93.8%), eno and icaD (each 83.3%), sdrC (81.3%), ebps (79.2%), icaA (75%), sdrD (66.7%), fib (60.4%), sdrE (50%), cna (41.7%), and bap (4.2%). Coagulase typing distinguished isolates into four genotypic patterns including III (50%), II (27.1%), and type IVa (22.9%). A total of three clonal complexes (CCs) and 4 sequence types (STs) including CC/ST22 as the most prevalent (52.1%), CC8/ST239 (20.8%), CC/ST8 (16.7%), and CC/ST5 (10.4%) were identified in current work. According to our analysis, nonbiofilm producer isolates belonged to CC8/ST239 (6.3%) and CC/ST8 (4.2%). Fusidic acid-resistant isolates belonged to CC/ST45 (n = 3) and CC8/ST239 (n = 1). Observations highlighted the circulation of the CC/ST22 HLMUPR S. aureus strains with strong biofilm-production ability in our hospitals, indicating the possibility of transmission of this type between community and hospital.
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Del Giudice C, Vaia E, Liccardo D, Marzano F, Valletta A, Spagnuolo G, Ferrara N, Rengo C, Cannavo A, Rengo G. Infective Endocarditis: A Focus on Oral Microbiota. Microorganisms 2021; 9:1218. [PMID: 34199916 PMCID: PMC8227130 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9061218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Infective endocarditis (IE) is an inflammatory disease usually caused by bacteria entering the bloodstream and settling in the heart lining valves or blood vessels. Despite modern antimicrobial and surgical treatments, IE continues to cause substantial morbidity and mortality. Thus, primary prevention and enhanced diagnosis remain the most important strategies to fight this disease. In this regard, it is worth noting that for over 50 years, oral microbiota has been considered one of the significant risk factors for IE. Indeed, among the disparate recommendations from the American heart association and the European Society of Cardiology, there are good oral hygiene and prophylaxis for high-risk patients undergoing dental procedures. Thus, significant interest has grown in the role of oral microbiota and it continues to be a subject of research interest, especially if we consider that antimicrobial treatments can generate drug-resistant mutant bacteria, becoming a severe social problem. This review will describe the current knowledge about the relationship between oral microbiota, dental procedures, and IE. Further, it will discuss current methods used to prevent IE cases that originate from oral pathogens and how these should be focused on improving oral hygiene, which remains the significant persuasible way to prevent bacteremia and systemic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmela Del Giudice
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.D.G.); (E.V.); (A.V.); (G.S.)
| | - Emanuele Vaia
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.D.G.); (E.V.); (A.V.); (G.S.)
| | - Daniela Liccardo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Medicine Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.L.); (N.F.); (G.R.)
| | - Federica Marzano
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Alessandra Valletta
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.D.G.); (E.V.); (A.V.); (G.S.)
| | - Gianrico Spagnuolo
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.D.G.); (E.V.); (A.V.); (G.S.)
- Institute of Dentistry, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nicola Ferrara
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Medicine Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.L.); (N.F.); (G.R.)
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici ICS-Maugeri, 82037 Telese Terme, Italy
| | - Carlo Rengo
- Department of Prosthodontics and Dental Materials, School of Dental Medicine, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Cannavo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Medicine Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.L.); (N.F.); (G.R.)
| | - Giuseppe Rengo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Medicine Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.L.); (N.F.); (G.R.)
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici ICS-Maugeri, 82037 Telese Terme, Italy
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Navidinia M, Mohammadi A, Arjmand R, Dadashi M, Goudarzi M. Molecular typing, biofilm formation, and analysis of adhesion factors in Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from urinary tract infections. GENE REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2020.101008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Sousa FF, Luzardo-Álvarez A, Pérez-Estévéz A, Seoane-Prado R, Blanco-Méndez J. Sponges containing tetracycline loaded-PLGA-zein microparticles as a periodontal controlled release device. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Solis-Velazquez OA, Gutiérrez-Lomelí M, Guerreo-Medina PJ, Rosas-García MDL, Iñiguez-Moreno M, Avila-Novoa MG. Nosocomial pathogen biofilms on biomaterials: Different growth medium conditions and components of biofilms produced in vitro. JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY, IMMUNOLOGY, AND INFECTION = WEI MIAN YU GAN RAN ZA ZHI 2020; 54:1038-1047. [PMID: 32680693 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2020.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE (S) Nosocomial pathogens can develop biofilms on hospital surfaces and medical devices; however, few studies have focused on the evaluation of mono-and dual-species biofilms developed by nosocomial pathogens under different growth conditions. METHODS This study investigated biofilm development by nosocomial pathogens (Acinetobacter baumannii, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) on biomaterials in different culture media and their components of the extracellular matrix biofilm. RESULTS The mono-species biofilms showed cell densities from 7.50 to 9.27 Log10 CFU/cm2 on natural rubber latex type I (NLTI) and from 7.58 to 8.79 Log10 CFU/cm2 on stainless steel (SS). Dual-species biofilms consisted of S. aureus + P. aeruginosa (7.87-8.27 Log10 CFU/cm2 in TSBP and TSBME onto SS; p < 0.05), E. coli + P. aeruginosa (8.32-8.86 Log10 CFU/cm2 in TSBME onto SS and TSBP onto NLTI; p < 0.05), and S. aureus + E. coli (7.82 Log10 CFU/cm2 in TSBME onto SS; p < 0.05). Furthermore, biofilm detachment after proteinase K treatment was 5.54-32.81% compared to 7.95-24.15% after DNase I treatment in the mono-dual species biofilm matrix. Epifluorescence microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) enabled visualizing the bacteria and extracellular polymeric substances of biofilms on SS and NLTI. CONCLUSION Nosocomial pathogens can develop biofilms on biomaterials. Mono-species biofilms of Gram-negative bacteria showed lower densities than dual-species biofilms in TSBME and TSBP. Additionally, dual-species biofilms showed a higher concentration of proteins and eDNA in the extracellular matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Alberto Solis-Velazquez
- Laboratorio de Microbiología, Departamento de Ciencias Médicas y de la Vida, Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, Universidad de Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Melesio Gutiérrez-Lomelí
- Laboratorio de Alimentos, Departamento de Ciencias Médicas y de la Vida, Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, Universidad de Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Pedro Javier Guerreo-Medina
- Laboratorio de Alimentos, Departamento de Ciencias Médicas y de la Vida, Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, Universidad de Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - María de Lourdes Rosas-García
- Laboratorio de Microbiología, Departamento de Ciencias Médicas y de la Vida, Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, Universidad de Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | | | - María Guadalupe Avila-Novoa
- Laboratorio de Microbiología, Departamento de Ciencias Médicas y de la Vida, Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, Universidad de Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
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Chang YW, Huang WC, Lin CY, Wang WH, Hung LC, Chen YH. Tellimagrandin II, A Type of Plant Polyphenol Extracted from Trapa bispinosa Inhibits Antibiotic Resistance of Drug-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20225790. [PMID: 31752109 PMCID: PMC6888525 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has become a critical global concern. Identifying new candidates of anti-S. aureus agents is urgently required because the therapeutic strategies for infected patients are limited currently. Therefore, the present study investigated whether Tellimagrandin II (TGII), a pure compound extracted from the shells of Trapa bispinosa, exhibits antibacterial effects against MRSA. We first showed that TGII exerted potent inhibitory activity against MRSA with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 128 μg/mL. The obtained fractional inhibitory concentration suggested that TGII could alone exert antistaphylococcal activity, and TGII combined with low doses of antibiotics displayed synergistic effects against MRSA. Moreover, we found that TGII exerted bactericidal activity by reducing the expression of mecA followed by the negative regulation of the penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a) of MRSA. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images further confirmed that TGII destroyed the integrity of the cell wall of MRSA and caused the loss of cytoplasm content. In conclusion, we evidenced the antibacterial effects of TGII against MRSA, which enables the effective dose of current antibiotics to be reduced and the predicament of drug-resistant S. aureus isolates to be overcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wei Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (Y.-W.C.); (C.-Y.L.)
- Department of Laboratory, Taitung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taitung 95043, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Chun Huang
- School of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Medicine, Sepsis Research Center, Center of Tropical Medicine and Infectious diseases, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (W.-C.H.); (W.-H.W.); (L.-C.H.)
| | - Chun-Yu Lin
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (Y.-W.C.); (C.-Y.L.)
- School of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Medicine, Sepsis Research Center, Center of Tropical Medicine and Infectious diseases, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (W.-C.H.); (W.-H.W.); (L.-C.H.)
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hung Wang
- School of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Medicine, Sepsis Research Center, Center of Tropical Medicine and Infectious diseases, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (W.-C.H.); (W.-H.W.); (L.-C.H.)
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Chien Hung
- School of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Medicine, Sepsis Research Center, Center of Tropical Medicine and Infectious diseases, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (W.-C.H.); (W.-H.W.); (L.-C.H.)
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hsu Chen
- School of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Medicine, Sepsis Research Center, Center of Tropical Medicine and Infectious diseases, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (W.-C.H.); (W.-H.W.); (L.-C.H.)
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 80145, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, HsinChu 30010, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-7-312-1101 (ext. 5677)
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Epidemiological Characteristics of Staphylococcus Aureus in Raw Goat Milk in Shaanxi Province, China. Antibiotics (Basel) 2019; 8:antibiotics8030141. [PMID: 31500339 PMCID: PMC6783894 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics8030141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Goat milk has been frequently implicated in staphylococcal food poisoning. The potential risk of raw goat milk contaminated by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) in Shaanxi province of China is still not well documented. This study investigated the prevalence, antibiotic resistance, as well as virulence-related genes of S. aureus from raw goat milk samples in Shaanxi, China. A total of 68 S. aureus isolates were cultured from 289 raw goat milk. Most of the isolates were resistant to penicillin and oxacillin, although 41.18%, 33.82%, and 29.41% of the isolates expressed resistance to piperacillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and ciprofloxacin, respectively. Our data demonstrated that 91.18% of the isolates produced biofilm, of which 54.41% isolates belonged to high-biofilm producers. In addition, genotypic analysis of biofilm related genes (fnbA, clfB, fnbB, cna) revealed that 91.18% of the isolates harbored at least one of the genes, in which the most prevalent genes were fnbA (66. 17%), clfB (48.53%), and fnbB (26.47%). 94.8% of the isolates contained at least one toxin-related gene, of which seb (76.47%), tsst (36.76%), and sea (23.53%) genes were the more frequently detected. Further analysis revealed a positive association between fnbA, clfB, fnbB, seb, tsst, and sea genes and certain antibiotic resistance. The results indicated that raw goat milk samples contaminated by S. aureus can be a potential risk to public health.
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