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Lucarini E, Micheli L, Rajagopalan R, Ciampi C, Branca JJ, Pacini A, Leandri M, Rajagopalan P, Ghelardini C, Di Cesare Mannelli L. Broad-spectrum neuroprotection exerted by DDD-028 in a mouse model of chemotherapy-induced neuropathy. Pain 2023; 164:2581-2595. [PMID: 37556385 PMCID: PMC10578426 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Neurotoxicity of chemotherapeutics involves peculiar alterations in the structure and function, including abnormal nerve signal transmission, of both the peripheral and central nervous system. The lack of effective pharmacological approaches to prevent chemotherapy-induced neurotoxicity necessitates the identification of innovative therapies. Recent evidence suggests that repeated treatment with the pentacyclic pyridoindole derivative DDD-028 can exert both pain-relieving and glial modulatory effects in mice with paclitaxel-induced neuropathy. This work is aimed at assessing whether DDD-028 is a disease-modifying agent by protecting the peripheral nervous tissues from chemotherapy-induced damage. Neuropathy was induced in animals by paclitaxel injection (2.0 mg kg -1 i.p). DDD-028 (10 mg kg -1 ) and the reference drug, pregabalin (30 mg kg -1 ), were administered per os daily starting concomitantly with the first injection of paclitaxel and continuing 10 days after the end of paclitaxel treatment. The behavioural tests confirmed the antihyperalgesic efficacy of DDD-028 on paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain. Furthermore, the electrophysiological analysis revealed the capacity of DDD-028 to restore near-normal sensory nerve conduction in paclitaxel-treated animals. Histopathology evidence indicated that DDD-028 was able to counteract effectively paclitaxel-induced peripheral neurotoxicity by protecting against the loss of intraepidermal nerve fibers, restoring physiological levels of neurofilament in nerve tissue and plasma, and preventing morphological alterations occurring in the sciatic nerves and dorsal root ganglia. Overall, DDD-028 is more effective than pregabalin in preventing chemotherapy-induced neurotoxicity. Thus, based on its potent antihyperalgesic and neuroprotective efficacy, DDD-028 seems to be a viable prophylactic medication to limit the development of neuropathies consequent to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Lucarini
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Micheli
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Clara Ciampi
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Jacopo J.V. Branca
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pacini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Massimo Leandri
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Carla Ghelardini
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Di Cesare Mannelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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2
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Herr DW. The Future of Neurotoxicology: A Neuroelectrophysiological Viewpoint. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2021; 3:1. [PMID: 34966904 PMCID: PMC8711081 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2021.729788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroelectrophysiology is an old science, dating to the 18th century when electrical activity in nerves was discovered. Such discoveries have led to a variety of neurophysiological techniques, ranging from basic neuroscience to clinical applications. These clinical applications allow assessment of complex neurological functions such as (but not limited to) sensory perception (vision, hearing, somatosensory function), and muscle function. The ability to use similar techniques in both humans and animal models increases the ability to perform mechanistic research to investigate neurological problems. Good animal to human homology of many neurophysiological systems facilitates interpretation of data to provide cause-effect linkages to epidemiological findings. Mechanistic cellular research to screen for toxicity often includes gaps between cellular and whole animal/person neurophysiological changes, preventing understanding of the complete function of the nervous system. Building Adverse Outcome Pathways (AOPs) will allow us to begin to identify brain regions, timelines, neurotransmitters, etc. that may be Key Events (KE) in the Adverse Outcomes (AO). This requires an integrated strategy, from in vitro to in vivo (and hypothesis generation, testing, revision). Scientists need to determine intermediate levels of nervous system organization that are related to an AO and work both upstream and downstream using mechanistic approaches. Possibly more than any other organ, the brain will require networks of pathways/AOPs to allow sufficient predictive accuracy. Advancements in neurobiological techniques should be incorporated into these AOP-base neurotoxicological assessments, including interactions between many regions of the brain simultaneously. Coupled with advancements in optogenetic manipulation, complex functions of the nervous system (such as acquisition, attention, sensory perception, etc.) can be examined in real time. The integration of neurophysiological changes with changes in gene/protein expression can begin to provide the mechanistic underpinnings for biological changes. Establishment of linkages between changes in cellular physiology and those at the level of the AO will allow construction of biological pathways (AOPs) and allow development of higher throughput assays to test for changes to critical physiological circuits. To allow mechanistic/predictive toxicology of the nervous system to be protective of human populations, neuroelectrophysiology has a critical role in our future.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W Herr
- Neurological and Endocrine Toxicology Branch, Public Health and Integrated Toxicology Division, CPHEA/ORD, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, NC, United States
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3
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Klein I, Wiesen MHJ, Albert V, Bobylev I, Joshi AR, Müller C, Lehmann HC. Impact of drug formulations on kinetics and toxicity in a preclinical model of paclitaxel-induced neuropathy. J Peripher Nerv Syst 2021; 26:216-226. [PMID: 33683765 DOI: 10.1111/jns.12440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral neuropathy is a common side effect of paclitaxel. Clinical studies suggest that different paclitaxel formulations influence the severity and time course of paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy. We compared two paclitaxel formulations, nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel (nab-paclitaxel) and Cremophor EL paclitaxel (CreEL-paclitaxel), for their toxicity, distribution, and clearance in the peripheral nervous system. Neuronal F11 cells were used to detect changes in morphology, cell nuclei size, and cell viability after nab- or CreEL-paclitaxel treatment via MTT Assay and immunohistochemistry. C57BL/6 mice were treated with 50 mg/kg of nab-paclitaxel or CreEL-paclitaxel. Paclitaxel levels in serum, liver, dorsal root ganglia (DRG), and sciatic nerve (SCN) were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Accumulation of paclitaxel in DRG neurons and SCN was visualized by immunostainings. Neurotoxicity was evaluated after a 4-week treatment regime with nab- or CreEL-paclitaxel by nerve morphology, behavioral, and functional assays. In vitro cell nuclei size and morphology were similar between the two treatment groups. Viability was increased in neurons exposed to nab-paclitaxel compared to CreEL-paclitaxel. In vivo paclitaxel mostly accumulated in DRG. SCN displayed lower paclitaxel uptake. The two paclitaxel formulations mainly accumulated in neurofilament 200-positive large-caliber neurons and less in Isolectin B4-, or calcitonin gene-related peptide-positive small-caliber neurons. Sensory nerve conduction studies demonstrated increased sensory latencies after 11 days in nab-paclitaxel treated animals, while an increase occurred after 22 days in CreEL-paclitaxel treated animals. Behavioral testing did not reveal significant differences between the different groups. Skin denervation, axon count, myelin thickness, and F4/80-positive cell accumulation were comparable between the two treatment groups. Our findings indicate that different drug formulations impact the severity of neuropathy induced by paclitaxel via different tissue uptake. Neurotoxicity was comparable between the two paclitaxel formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Klein
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Martin H J Wiesen
- Department of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, Center of Pharmacology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Virginia Albert
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ilja Bobylev
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Abhijeet R Joshi
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Carsten Müller
- Department of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, Center of Pharmacology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Helmar C Lehmann
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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4
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St. Germain DC, O’Mara AM, Robinson JL, Torres AD, Minasian LM. Chemotherapy‐induced peripheral neuropathy: Identifying the research gaps and associated changes to clinical trial design. Cancer 2020; 126:4602-4613. [DOI: 10.1002/cncr.33108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ann M. O’Mara
- Division of Cancer Prevention National Cancer Institute Bethesda Maryland
| | - Jennifer L. Robinson
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health University of Maryland College Park Maryland
| | | | - Lori M. Minasian
- Division of Cancer Prevention National Cancer Institute Bethesda Maryland
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5
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Benoy V, Van Helleputte L, Prior R, d'Ydewalle C, Haeck W, Geens N, Scheveneels W, Schevenels B, Cader MZ, Talbot K, Kozikowski AP, Vanden Berghe P, Van Damme P, Robberecht W, Van Den Bosch L. HDAC6 is a therapeutic target in mutant GARS-induced Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. Brain 2019; 141:673-687. [PMID: 29415205 PMCID: PMC5837793 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awx375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve axons require a well-organized axonal microtubule network for efficient transport to ensure the constant crosstalk between soma and synapse. Mutations in more than 80 different genes cause Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, which is the most common inherited disorder affecting peripheral nerves. This genetic heterogeneity has hampered the development of therapeutics for Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. The aim of this study was to explore whether histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) can serve as a therapeutic target focusing on the mutant glycyl-tRNA synthetase (GlyRS/GARS)-induced peripheral neuropathy. Peripheral nerves and dorsal root ganglia from the C201R mutant Gars mouse model showed reduced acetylated α-tubulin levels. In primary dorsal root ganglion neurons, mutant GlyRS affected neurite length and disrupted normal mitochondrial transport. We demonstrated that GlyRS co-immunoprecipitated with HDAC6 and that this interaction was blocked by tubastatin A, a selective inhibitor of the deacetylating function of HDAC6. Moreover, HDAC6 inhibition restored mitochondrial axonal transport in mutant GlyRS-expressing neurons. Systemic delivery of a specific HDAC6 inhibitor increased α-tubulin acetylation in peripheral nerves and partially restored nerve conduction and motor behaviour in mutant Gars mice. Our study demonstrates that α-tubulin deacetylation and disrupted axonal transport may represent a common pathogenic mechanism underlying Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease and it broadens the therapeutic potential of selective HDAC6 inhibition to other genetic forms of axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronick Benoy
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Research Institute for Neuroscience & Disease (LIND), Leuven, Belgium.,VIB - Center for Brain and Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lawrence Van Helleputte
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Research Institute for Neuroscience & Disease (LIND), Leuven, Belgium.,VIB - Center for Brain and Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Robert Prior
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Research Institute for Neuroscience & Disease (LIND), Leuven, Belgium.,VIB - Center for Brain and Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Constantin d'Ydewalle
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Research Institute for Neuroscience & Disease (LIND), Leuven, Belgium.,VIB - Center for Brain and Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wanda Haeck
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Research Institute for Neuroscience & Disease (LIND), Leuven, Belgium.,VIB - Center for Brain and Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Natasja Geens
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Research Institute for Neuroscience & Disease (LIND), Leuven, Belgium.,VIB - Center for Brain and Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wendy Scheveneels
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Research Institute for Neuroscience & Disease (LIND), Leuven, Belgium.,VIB - Center for Brain and Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Begga Schevenels
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Research Institute for Neuroscience & Disease (LIND), Leuven, Belgium.,VIB - Center for Brain and Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - M Zameel Cader
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK.,The Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Kevin Talbot
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Alan P Kozikowski
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Drug Discovery Program, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Pieter Vanden Berghe
- Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Philip Van Damme
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Research Institute for Neuroscience & Disease (LIND), Leuven, Belgium.,VIB - Center for Brain and Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium.,University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Neurology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wim Robberecht
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Research Institute for Neuroscience & Disease (LIND), Leuven, Belgium.,VIB - Center for Brain and Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium.,University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Neurology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ludo Van Den Bosch
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Research Institute for Neuroscience & Disease (LIND), Leuven, Belgium.,VIB - Center for Brain and Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
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6
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Makker PGS, Matamala JM, Park SB, Lees JG, Kiernan MC, Burke D, Moalem‐Taylor G, Howells J. A unified model of the excitability of mouse sensory and motor axons. J Peripher Nerv Syst 2018; 23:159-173. [DOI: 10.1111/jns.12278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Preet G. S. Makker
- School of Medical SciencesUniversity of New South Wales Sydney Australia
| | | | - Susanna B. Park
- Brain and Mind CentreThe University of Sydney Sydney Australia
| | - Justin G. Lees
- School of Medical SciencesUniversity of New South Wales Sydney Australia
| | - Matthew C. Kiernan
- Brain and Mind CentreThe University of Sydney Sydney Australia
- Royal Prince Alfred HospitalThe University of Sydney Sydney Australia
| | - David Burke
- Royal Prince Alfred HospitalThe University of Sydney Sydney Australia
| | - Gila Moalem‐Taylor
- School of Medical SciencesUniversity of New South Wales Sydney Australia
| | - James Howells
- Brain and Mind CentreThe University of Sydney Sydney Australia
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7
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Wozniak KM, Vornov JJ, Wu Y, Liu Y, Carozzi VA, Rodriguez-Menendez V, Ballarini E, Alberti P, Pozzi E, Semperboni S, Cook BM, Littlefield BA, Nomoto K, Condon K, Eckley S, DesJardins C, Wilson L, Jordan MA, Feinstein SC, Cavaletti G, Polydefkis M, Slusher BS. Peripheral Neuropathy Induced by Microtubule-Targeted Chemotherapies: Insights into Acute Injury and Long-term Recovery. Cancer Res 2017; 78:817-829. [PMID: 29191802 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-1467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a major cause of disability in cancer survivors. CIPN investigations in preclinical model systems have focused on either behaviors or acute changes in nerve conduction velocity (NCV) and amplitude, but greater understanding of the underlying nature of axonal injury and its long-term processes is needed as cancer patients live longer. In this study, we used multiple independent endpoints to systematically characterize CIPN recovery in mice exposed to the antitubulin cancer drugs eribulin, ixabepilone, paclitaxel, or vinorelbine at MTDs. All of the drugs ablated intraepidermal nerve fibers and produced axonopathy, with a secondary disruption in myelin structure within 2 weeks of drug administration. In addition, all of the drugs reduced sensory NCV and amplitude, with greater deficits after paclitaxel and lesser deficits after ixabepilone. These effects correlated with degeneration in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and sciatic nerve and abundance of Schwann cells. Although most injuries were fully reversible after 3-6 months after administration of eribulin, vinorelbine, and ixabepilone, we observed delayed recovery after paclitaxel that produced a more severe, pervasive, and prolonged neurotoxicity. Compared with other agents, paclitaxel also displayed a unique prolonged exposure in sciatic nerve and DRG. The most sensitive indicator of toxicity was axonopathy and secondary myelin changes accompanied by a reduction in intraepidermal nerve fiber density. Taken together, our findings suggest that intraepidermal nerve fiber density and changes in NCV and amplitude might provide measures of axonal injury to guide clinical practice.Significance: This detailed preclinical study of the long-term effects of widely used antitubulin cancer drugs on the peripheral nervous system may help guide clinical evaluations to improve personalized care in limiting neurotoxicity in cancer survivors. Cancer Res; 78(3); 817-29. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krystyna M Wozniak
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Ying Wu
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Neurology and the Cutaneous Nerve Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Valentina A Carozzi
- Experimental Neurology Unit and PhD program in Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Virginia Rodriguez-Menendez
- Experimental Neurology Unit and PhD program in Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Elisa Ballarini
- Experimental Neurology Unit and PhD program in Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Paola Alberti
- Experimental Neurology Unit and PhD program in Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Eleonora Pozzi
- Experimental Neurology Unit and PhD program in Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Sara Semperboni
- Experimental Neurology Unit and PhD program in Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Brett M Cook
- Neurosci Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, California.,Biomolecular Science and Engineering Program, University of California, Santa Barbara, California
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Leslie Wilson
- Neurosci Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, California.,Biomolecular Science and Engineering Program, University of California, Santa Barbara, California.,Department of Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, California
| | - Mary A Jordan
- Neurosci Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, California.,Department of Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, California
| | - Stuart C Feinstein
- Neurosci Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, California.,Department of Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, California
| | - Guido Cavaletti
- Experimental Neurology Unit and PhD program in Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Michael Polydefkis
- Department of Neurology and the Cutaneous Nerve Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Barbara S Slusher
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery and Departments of Neurology, Psychiatry, Neuroscience, Medicine and Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
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8
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Taxanes and platinum derivatives impair Schwann cells via distinct mechanisms. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5947. [PMID: 28729624 PMCID: PMC5519765 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05784-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Impairment of peripheral neurons by anti-cancer agents, including taxanes and platinum derivatives, has been considered to be a major cause of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN), however, the precise underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we examined the direct effects of anti-cancer agents on Schwann cells. Exposure of primary cultured rat Schwann cells to paclitaxel (0.01 μM), cisplatin (1 μM), or oxaliplatin (3 μM) for 48 h induced cytotoxicity and reduced myelin basic protein expression at concentrations lower than those required to induce neurotoxicity in cultured rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. Similarly, these anti-cancer drugs disrupted myelin formation in Schwann cell/DRG neuron co-cultures without affecting nerve axons. Cisplatin and oxaliplatin, but not paclitaxel, caused mitochondrial dysfunction in cultured Schwann cells. By contrast, paclitaxel led to dedifferentiation of Schwann cells into an immature state, characterized by increased expression of p75 and galectin-3. Consistent with in vitro findings, repeated injection of paclitaxel increased expression of p75 and galectin-3 in Schwann cells within the mouse sciatic nerve. These results suggest that taxanes and platinum derivatives impair Schwan cells by inducing dedifferentiation and mitochondrial dysfunction, respectively, which may be important in the development of CIPN in conjunction with their direct impairment in peripheral neurons.
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9
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Kinesin-5 Blocker Monastrol Protects Against Bortezomib-Induced Peripheral Neurotoxicity. Neurotox Res 2017; 32:555-562. [DOI: 10.1007/s12640-017-9760-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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10
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Benoy V, Vanden Berghe P, Jarpe M, Van Damme P, Robberecht W, Van Den Bosch L. Development of Improved HDAC6 Inhibitors as Pharmacological Therapy for Axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease. Neurotherapeutics 2017; 14:417-428. [PMID: 27957719 PMCID: PMC5398982 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-016-0501-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) is the most common inherited peripheral neuropathy, with an estimated prevalence of 1 in 2500. The degeneration of motor and sensory nerve axons leads to motor and sensory symptoms that progress over time and have an important impact on the daily life of these patients. Currently, there is no curative treatment available. Recently, we identified histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6), which deacetylates α-tubulin, as a potential therapeutic target in axonal CMT (CMT2). Pharmacological inhibition of the deacetylating function of HDAC6 reversed the motor and sensory deficits in a mouse model for mutant "small heat shock protein B1" (HSPB1)-induced CMT2 at the behavioral and electrophysiological level. In order to translate this potential therapeutic strategy into a clinical application, small drug-like molecules that are potent and selective HDAC6 inhibitors are essential. To screen for these, we developed a method that consisted of 3 distinct phases and that was based on the pathological findings in the mutant HSPB1-induced CMT2 mouse model. Three different inhibitors (ACY-738, ACY-775, and ACY-1215) were tested and demonstrated to be both potent and selective HDAC6 inhibitors. Moreover, these inhibitors increased the innervation of the neuromuscular junctions in the gastrocnemius muscle and improved the motor and sensory nerve conduction, confirming that HDAC6 inhibition is a potential therapeutic strategy in CMT2. Furthermore, ACY-1215 is an interesting lead molecule as it is currently tested in clinical trials for cancer. Taken together, these results may speed up the translation of pharmacological inhibition of HDAC6 into a therapy against CMT2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronick Benoy
- KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology and Leuven Research Institute for Neuroscience and Disease (LIND), University of Leuven, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
- VIB, Center for Brain and Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pieter Vanden Berghe
- Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), University of Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Philip Van Damme
- KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology and Leuven Research Institute for Neuroscience and Disease (LIND), University of Leuven, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
- VIB, Center for Brain and Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wim Robberecht
- KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology and Leuven Research Institute for Neuroscience and Disease (LIND), University of Leuven, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ludo Van Den Bosch
- KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology and Leuven Research Institute for Neuroscience and Disease (LIND), University of Leuven, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium.
- VIB, Center for Brain and Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium.
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11
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Guo L, Hamre J, Eldridge S, Behrsing HP, Cutuli FM, Mussio J, Davis M. Editor's Highlight: Multiparametric Image Analysis of Rat Dorsal Root Ganglion Cultures to Evaluate Peripheral Neuropathy-Inducing Chemotherapeutics. Toxicol Sci 2017; 156:275-288. [PMID: 28115644 PMCID: PMC5837782 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfw254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a major, dose-limiting adverse effect experienced by cancer patients. Advancements in mechanism-based risk mitigation and effective treatments for CIPN can be aided by suitable in vitro assays. To this end, we developed a multiparametric morphology-centered rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) assay. Morphologic alterations in subcellular structures of neurons and non-neurons were analyzed with an automated microscopy system. Stains for NeuN (a neuron-specific nuclear protein) and Tuj-1 (β-III tubulin) were used to identify neuronal cell nuclei and neuronal cell bodies/neurites, respectively. Vimentin staining (a component of Schwann cell intermediate filaments) was used to label non-neuronal supporting cells. Nuclei that stained with DAPI, but lacked NeuN represented non-neuronal cells. Images were analyzed following 24 h of continuous exposure to CIPN-inducing agents and 72 h after drug removal to provide a dynamic measure of recovery from initial drug effects. Treatment with bortezomib, cisplatin, eribulin, paclitaxel or vincristine induced a dose-dependent loss of neurite/process areas, mimicking the 'dying back' degeneration of axons, a histopathological hallmark of clinical CIPN in vivo. The IC50 for neurite loss was within 3-fold of the maximal clinical exposure (Cmax) for all five CIPN-inducing drugs, but was >4- or ≥ 28-fold of the Cmax for 2 non-CIPN-inducing agents. Compound-specific effects, eg, neurite fragmentation by cisplatin or bortezomib and enlarged neuronal cell bodies by paclitaxel, were also observed. Collectively, these results support the use of a quantitative, morphologic evaluation and a DRG cell culture model to inform risk and examine mechanisms of CIPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Guo
- Laboratory of Investigative Toxicology, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, Maryland 21702
| | - John Hamre
- Laboratory of Investigative Toxicology, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, Maryland 21702
| | - Sandy Eldridge
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Holger P. Behrsing
- Laboratory of Investigative Toxicology, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, Maryland 21702
| | - Facundo M. Cutuli
- Laboratory of Investigative Toxicology, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, Maryland 21702
| | - Jodie Mussio
- Laboratory of Investigative Toxicology, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, Maryland 21702
| | - Myrtle Davis
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
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Kemp KC, Cerminara N, Hares K, Redondo J, Cook AJ, Haynes HR, Burton BR, Pook M, Apps R, Scolding NJ, Wilkins A. Cytokine therapy-mediated neuroprotection in a Friedreich's ataxia mouse model. Ann Neurol 2017; 81:212-226. [PMID: 28009062 PMCID: PMC5324580 DOI: 10.1002/ana.24846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Friedreich's ataxia is a devastating neurological disease currently lacking any proven treatment. We studied the neuroprotective effects of the cytokines, granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) and stem cell factor (SCF) in a humanized murine model of Friedreich's ataxia. METHODS Mice received monthly subcutaneous infusions of cytokines while also being assessed at monthly time points using an extensive range of behavioral motor performance tests. After 6 months of treatment, neurophysiological evaluation of both sensory and motor nerve conduction was performed. Subsequently, mice were sacrificed for messenger RNA, protein, and histological analysis of the dorsal root ganglia, spinal cord, and cerebellum. RESULTS Cytokine administration resulted in significant reversal of biochemical, neuropathological, neurophysiological, and behavioural deficits associated with Friedreich's ataxia. Both G-CSF and SCF had pronounced effects on frataxin levels (the primary molecular defect in the pathogenesis of the disease) and a regulators of frataxin expression. Sustained improvements in motor coordination and locomotor activity were observed, even after onset of neurological symptoms. Treatment also restored the duration of sensory nerve compound potentials. Improvements in peripheral nerve conduction positively correlated with cytokine-induced increases in frataxin expression, providing a link between increases in frataxin and neurophysiological function. Abrogation of disease-related pathology was also evident, with reductions in inflammation/gliosis and increased neural stem cell numbers in areas of tissue injury. INTERPRETATION These experiments show that cytokines already clinically used in other conditions offer the prospect of a novel, rapidly translatable, disease-modifying, and neuroprotective treatment for Friedreich's ataxia. Ann Neurol 2017;81:212-226.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin C. Kemp
- Multiple Sclerosis and Stem Cell Group, School of Clinical SciencesUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
| | - Nadia Cerminara
- Sensory and Motor Systems Group, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and NeuroscienceUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
| | - Kelly Hares
- Multiple Sclerosis and Stem Cell Group, School of Clinical SciencesUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
| | - Juliana Redondo
- Multiple Sclerosis and Stem Cell Group, School of Clinical SciencesUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
| | - Amelia J. Cook
- Multiple Sclerosis and Stem Cell Group, School of Clinical SciencesUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
| | - Harry R. Haynes
- Brain Tumour Research Group, School of Clinical SciencesUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
| | - Bronwen R. Burton
- Infection and Immunity, School of Cellular and Molecular MedicineUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
| | - Mark Pook
- Synthetic Biology Theme, Institute of Environment, Health & Societies, Biosciences, Dept. of Life Sciences, College of Health & Life SciencesBrunel University LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Richard Apps
- Sensory and Motor Systems Group, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and NeuroscienceUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
| | - Neil J. Scolding
- Multiple Sclerosis and Stem Cell Group, School of Clinical SciencesUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
| | - Alastair Wilkins
- Multiple Sclerosis and Stem Cell Group, School of Clinical SciencesUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
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Depletion of Mitofusin-2 Causes Mitochondrial Damage in Cisplatin-Induced Neuropathy. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:1227-1235. [PMID: 28110471 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0364-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Sensory neuropathy is a relevant side effect of the antineoplastic agent cisplatin. Mitochondrial damage is assumed to play a critical role in cisplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy, but the pathomechanisms underlying cisplatin-induced mitotoxicity and neurodegeneration are incompletely understood. In an animal model of cisplatin-induced neuropathy, we determined in detail the extent and spatial distribution of mitochondrial damage during cisplatin treatment. Changes in the total number of axonal mitochondria during cisplatin treatment were assessed in intercostal nerves from transgenic mice that express cyan fluorescent protein. Further, we explored the impact of cisplatin on the expression of nuclear encoded molecules of mitochondrial fusion and fission, including mitofusin-2 (MFN2), optic atrophy 1 (OPA1), and dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1). Cisplatin treatment resulted in a loss of total mitochondrial mass in axons and in an abnormal mitochondrial morphology including atypical enlargement, increased vacuolization, and loss of cristae. These changes were observed in distal and proximal nerve segments and were more prominent in axons than in Schwann cells. Transcripts of fusion and fission proteins were reduced in distal nerve segments. Significant reduced expression levels of the fusion protein MFN2 was detected in nerves of cisplatin-exposed animals. In summary, we provide for the first time an evidence that cisplatin alters mitochondrial dynamics in peripheral nerves. Loss of MFN2, previously implicated in the pathogenesis of other neurodegenerative diseases, also contributes to the pathogenesis in cisplatin-induced neuropathy.
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Rick O, von Hehn U, Mikus E, Dertinger H, Geiger G. Magnetic field therapy in patients with cytostatics-induced polyneuropathy: A prospective randomized placebo-controlled phase-III study. Bioelectromagnetics 2016; 38:85-94. [PMID: 27657350 PMCID: PMC5248614 DOI: 10.1002/bem.22005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
No causal treatment for chemotherapy‐induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is known. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a therapy for CIPN. Only scarce clinical data are available concerning magnetic field therapy (MFT) in this context. We conducted a unicentric, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled phase‐III trial of an MFT device versus placebo. In this study, we randomized 44 patients with CIPN to two treatment groups, where 21 patients were treated with MFT (Group 1) and 23 patients received placebo (Group 2). We evaluated the efficacy of MFT at baseline (T1), after 3 weeks of study treatment (T2), and after 3 months of study treatment (T3). The primary endpoint was nerve conduction velocity (NCV), while secondary endpoints were the Common Toxicity Criteria (CTCAE) score and the Pain Detect End Score at T3. Seventeen of the patients in Group 1 and 14 patients in Group 2 completed the respective study treatment. The primary endpoint, significant improvement of NCV at T3, was achieved by MFT (P = 0.015), particularly for sensory neurotoxicity of the peroneal nerve. Also, in respect to the secondary endpoints, significant improvement (P = 0.04) was achieved in terms of the patients’ subjectively perceived neurotoxicity (CTCAE score), but not of neuropathic pain (P = 0.11). From data in the randomized study presented here, a positive effect on the reduction of neurotoxicity can be assumed for the MFT device. Patients with sensory neurotoxicity in the lower limbs, especially, should therefore be offered this therapy. Bioelectromagnetics. 38:85–94, 2017. © 2016 The Authors. Bioelectromagnetics published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Rick
- Klinik Reinhardshöhe, Medical Center of Cancer Rehabilitation, Bad Wildungen, Germany
| | | | - Eberhard Mikus
- Klinik Reinhardshöhe, Medical Center of Cancer Rehabilitation, Bad Wildungen, Germany
| | - Hermann Dertinger
- Karlsruher Institute of Technology (KIT), Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Georg Geiger
- Klinik Reinhardshöhe, Medical Center of Cancer Rehabilitation, Bad Wildungen, Germany
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15
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Bobylev I, Maru H, Joshi AR, Lehmann HC. Toxicity to sensory neurons and Schwann cells in experimental linezolid-induced peripheral neuropathy. J Antimicrob Chemother 2015; 71:685-91. [PMID: 26612872 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkv386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Peripheral neuropathy is a common side effect of prolonged treatment with linezolid. This study aimed to explore injurious effects of linezolid on cells of the peripheral nervous system and to establish in vivo and in vitro models of linezolid-induced peripheral neuropathy. METHODS C57BL/6 mice were treated with linezolid or vehicle over a total period of 4 weeks. Animals were monitored by weight, nerve conduction studies and behavioural tests. Neuropathic changes were assessed by morphometry on sciatic nerves and epidermal nerve fibre density in skin sections. Rodent sensory neuron and Schwann cell cultures were exposed to linezolid in vitro and assessed for mitochondrial dysfunction. RESULTS Prolonged treatment with linezolid induced a mild, predominantly small sensory fibre neuropathy in vivo. Exposure of Schwann cells and sensory neurons to linezolid in vitro caused mitochondrial dysfunction primarily in neurons (and less prominently in Schwann cells). Sensory axonopathy could be partially prevented by co-administration of the Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger blocker KB-R7943. CONCLUSIONS Clinical and pathological features of linezolid-induced peripheral neuropathy can be replicated in in vivo and in vitro models. Mitochondrial dysfunction may contribute to the axonal damage to sensory neurons that occurs after linezolid exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilja Bobylev
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany Centre for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Helina Maru
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany Centre for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Abhijeet R Joshi
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany Centre for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Helmar C Lehmann
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany Centre for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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16
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Bobylev I, Joshi AR, Barham M, Ritter C, Neiss WF, Höke A, Lehmann HC. Paclitaxel inhibits mRNA transport in axons. Neurobiol Dis 2015; 82:321-331. [PMID: 26188177 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2015.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Revised: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Paclitaxel is an integral component of solid tumor treatment. This chemotherapeutic agent provokes an often irreversible peripheral sensory neuropathy with pathological features of distal axonal degeneration. Current pathological concepts assume that polymerization of axonal microtubules and mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to the development of paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy. The relationship, however, between microtubule stabilization, mitotoxicity and axonal degeneration is still not completely understood. To explore the function of axonal mitochondria we treated transgenic mice that harbor cyan fluorescent protein (CFP)-labeled neuronal mitochondria with repeated doses of paclitaxel and assessed neuropathic changes by nerve conduction and histological studies. In addition, mitochondrial content and morphology was determined by ex vivo imaging of axons containing CFP-labeled mitochondria. Using quantitative RT-PCR and fluorescence-labeled mRNA we determined axonal mRNA transport of nuclear encoded mitochondrial proteins. Prolonged treatment with high doses of paclitaxel-induced a predominant sensory neuropathy in mice. Although mitochondrial velocity in axons per se was not altered, we observed significant changes in mitochondrial morphology, suggesting that paclitaxel treatment impairs the dynamics of axonal mitochondria. These changes were caused by decreased levels of nuclear encoded mRNA, including the mitochondrial fusion/fission machinery. Moreover, impaired axonal mRNA transport in vitro resulted in mitochondrial dysfunction and subsequent axonal degeneration. Taken together, our experiments provide evidence that disrupted axonal transport of nuclear derived mRNA plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of paclitaxel-induced sensory neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilja Bobylev
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Abhijeet R Joshi
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Mohammed Barham
- Department of Anatomy I, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christian Ritter
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Wolfram F Neiss
- Department of Anatomy I, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ahmet Höke
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, USA
| | - Helmar C Lehmann
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Germany.
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17
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Specific targeting of neurotoxic side effects and pharmacological profile of the novel cancer stem cell drug salinomycin in mice. J Mol Med (Berl) 2014; 92:889-900. [PMID: 24770997 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-014-1155-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2014] [Revised: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Salinomycin is a polyether antibiotic which effectively eliminates a variety of cancer stem cells and chemotherapy-resistant tumor cells in vitro and in vivo. One important caveat for its clinical application is the paucity of preclinical pharmacological and safety data. In the present study, we thus aimed to elucidate pharmacokinetic properties of salinomycin and to assess the side effect profile of chronic treatment with this compound in C57Bl/6 mice. In addition, we tested whether neurotoxic side effects can be prevented by interference with the intracellular calcium homeostasis. We observed that salinomycin has a narrow therapeutic index; however, a dose of 5 mg/kg body weight was well tolerated, and analysis of blood parameters as well as organ histology of liver, kidney, skeletal muscle, and heart showed no abnormalities after daily salinomycin injection for 4 weeks. Pharmacokinetic evaluation revealed low micromolar peak concentrations and an almost complete systemic elimination within 5 h after injection. In contrast to low systemic toxicity, typical signs of a sensory polyneuropathy with mechanical and cold allodynia, distinct gait alterations, decreased sensory nerve action potential amplitudes, and loss of myelinated fibers in the sciatic nerve were observed in salinomycin-treated animals. Inhibition of the mitochondrial Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger partially prevented the development of salinomycin-induced neuropathy in vivo, an approach which did not reduce salinomycin's antineoplastic efficacy in vitro. Taken together, this study establishes a framework of pharmacokinetic data for future preclinical trials and safety data for translational trials. Furthermore, we established a strategy to reduce salinomycin's off-target neurotoxic effects. KEY MESSAGE Salinomycin has a narrow therapeutic index; a dose of 5 mg/kg is tolerated in mice. Mice treated with salinomycin develop a painful sensory polyneuropathy. An optimized protocol was established to measure salinomycin in serum samples. Inhibition of Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchangers prevents salinomycin-induced neuropathy. Blocking mitochondrial Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchangers does not impair antineoplastic efficacy.
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18
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Hotson JR. Noninvasive peroneal sensory and motor nerve conduction recordings in the rabbit distal hindlimb: feasibility, variability and neuropathy measure. PLoS One 2014; 9:e92694. [PMID: 24658286 PMCID: PMC3962448 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0092694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2013] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The peroneal nerve anatomy of the rabbit distal hindlimb is similar to humans, but reports of distal peroneal nerve conduction studies were not identified with a literature search. Distal sensorimotor recordings may be useful for studying rabbit models of length-dependent peripheral neuropathy. Surface electrodes were adhered to the dorsal rabbit foot overlying the extensor digitorum brevis muscle and the superficial peroneal nerve. The deep and superficial peroneal nerves were stimulated above the ankle and the common peroneal nerve was stimulated at the knee. The nerve conduction studies were repeated twice with a one-week intertest interval to determine measurement variability. Intravenous vincristine was used to produce a peripheral neuropathy. Repeat recordings measured the response to vincristine. A compound muscle action potential and a sensory nerve action potential were evoked in all rabbits. The compound muscle action potential mean amplitude was 0.29 mV (SD ± 0.12) and the fibula head to ankle mean motor conduction velocity was 46.5 m/s (SD ± 2.9). The sensory nerve action potential mean amplitude was 22.8 μV (SD ± 2.8) and the distal sensory conduction velocity was 38.8 m/s (SD ± 2.2). Sensorimotor latencies and velocities were least variable between two test sessions (coefficient of variation = 2.6-5.9%), sensory potential amplitudes were intermediate (coefficient of variation = 11.1%) and compound potential amplitudes were the most variable (coefficient of variation = 19.3%). Vincristine abolished compound muscle action potentials and reduced sensory nerve action potential amplitudes by 42-57% while having little effect on velocity. Rabbit distal hindlimb nerve conduction studies are feasible with surface recordings and stimulation. The evoked distal sensory potentials have amplitudes, configurations and recording techniques that are similar to humans and may be valuable for measuring large sensory fiber function in chronic models of peripheral neuropathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R. Hotson
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
- California Institute for Medical Research, San Jose, California, United States of America
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Huehnchen P, Boehmerle W, Endres M. Assessment of paclitaxel induced sensory polyneuropathy with "Catwalk" automated gait analysis in mice. PLoS One 2013; 8:e76772. [PMID: 24143194 PMCID: PMC3797113 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain as a symptom of sensory nerve damage is a frequent side effect of chemotherapy. The most common behavioral observation in animal models of chemotherapy induced polyneuropathy is the development of mechanical allodynia, which is quantified with von Frey filaments. The data from one study, however, cannot be easily compared with other studies owing to influences of environmental factors, inter-rater variability and differences in test paradigms. To overcome these limitations, automated quantitative gait analysis was proposed as an alternative, but its usefulness for assessing animals suffering from polyneuropathy has remained unclear. In the present study, we used a novel mouse model of paclitaxel induced polyneuropathy to compare results from electrophysiology and the von Frey method to gait alterations measured with the Catwalk test. To mimic recently improved clinical treatment strategies of gynecological malignancies, we established a mouse model of dose-dense paclitaxel therapy on the common C57Bl/6 background. In this model paclitaxel treated animals developed mechanical allodynia as well as reduced caudal sensory nerve action potential amplitudes indicative of a sensory polyneuropathy. Gait analysis with the Catwalk method detected distinct alterations of gait parameters in animals suffering from sensory neuropathy, revealing a minimized contact of the hind paws with the floor. Treatment of mechanical allodynia with gabapentin improved altered dynamic gait parameters. This study establishes a novel mouse model for investigating the side effects of dose-dense paclitaxel therapy and underlines the usefulness of automated gait analysis as an additional easy-to-use objective test for evaluating painful sensory polyneuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Huehnchen
- Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence NeuroCure, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Boehmerle
- Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence NeuroCure, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Matthias Endres
- Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence NeuroCure, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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