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Benmoussa A, Kientega T, Morel S, B Cardin G, Bérard S, Wajnberg M, Valtchev P, Blondin Masse A, Curnier D, Krajinovic M, Laverdière C, Sinnett D, Levy E, Marcoux S, Rodier F, Marcil V. Poor Diet Quality is Associated with Premature Senescence of the Immune System in Survivors of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia. Nutr Cancer 2025; 77:490-505. [PMID: 40059323 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2025.2474263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2025] [Accepted: 02/25/2025] [Indexed: 04/01/2025]
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common pediatric cancer. Contributory factors such as inflammation and oxidative stress, in response to drug therapies, may induce premature aging and cellular senescence with a severe impact on cardiometabolic health. Premature immunoaging through cellular senescence can lead to lower thymic output of T-cell lymphocytes translated into lower circulating T-cell receptor excision circles (TRECs). We hypothesized TRECs levels are associated with diet quality and impacted by oxidative and inflammatory status in survivors of childhood ALL (cALL). Adolescents and young adults cALL survivors from the PETALE cohort (n = 241, 22.1 ± 6.3 years at diagnosis, 49.4% males) were assessed for TREC levels and adherence to six diet quality indexes. Healthy Diet Indicator (HDI) was associated with TREC levels (β = 50.0, p = 0.005, adjusted p = 0.03). Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were found negatively associated with TREC levels (β = -80 and -80.1, p = 0.017 and 0.026, respectively) HDI. Further analysis revealed IL-6 and CRP to be moderating factors, but not mediators, of the association between HDI and TRECs. This study supports a positive impact of a healthy diet on premature aging of the immune system in survivors of cALL and unveils the moderating role of inflammation in this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abderrahim Benmoussa
- Research Centre of Sainte-Justine University Health Center, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Tibila Kientega
- CRCHUM and Institut du cancer de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Radiology, Radio-oncology, and Nuclear Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Sophia Morel
- Research Centre of Sainte-Justine University Health Center, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Guillaume B Cardin
- CRCHUM and Institut du cancer de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Radiology, Radio-oncology, and Nuclear Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Sophie Bérard
- Research Centre of Sainte-Justine University Health Center, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Mickaël Wajnberg
- Center for Artificial intelligence Research. Department of Computer Science, Université du Québec A Montréal (UQAM), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Petko Valtchev
- Center for Artificial intelligence Research. Department of Computer Science, Université du Québec A Montréal (UQAM), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Alexandre Blondin Masse
- Center for Artificial intelligence Research. Department of Computer Science, Université du Québec A Montréal (UQAM), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Daniel Curnier
- Research Centre of Sainte-Justine University Health Center, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Kinesiology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Maja Krajinovic
- Research Centre of Sainte-Justine University Health Center, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Daniel Sinnett
- Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Emile Levy
- Research Centre of Sainte-Justine University Health Center, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Sophie Marcoux
- CRCHUM and Institut du cancer de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Francis Rodier
- CRCHUM and Institut du cancer de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Radiology, Radio-oncology, and Nuclear Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Valérie Marcil
- Research Centre of Sainte-Justine University Health Center, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Endoplasmic reticulum stress inhibition ameliorated WFS1 expression alterations and reduced pancreatic islets' insulin secretion induced by high-fat diet in rats. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1860. [PMID: 36725880 PMCID: PMC9892558 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28329-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is involved in the development of glucose homeostasis impairment. When ER stress occurs, the unfolded protein response (UPR) is activated to cope with it. One of the UPR components is WFS1 (Wolfram syndrome 1), which plays important roles in ER homeostasis and pancreatic islets glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). Accordingly and considering that feeding high-fat food has a major contribution in metabolic disorders, this study aimed to investigate the possible involvement of pancreatic ER stress in glucose metabolism impairment induced by feeding high-fat diet (HFD) in male rats. After weaning, the rats were divided into six groups, and fed on normal diet and HFD for 20 weeks, then 4-phenyl butyric acid (4-PBA, an ER stress inhibitor) was administered. Subsequently, in all groups, after performing glucose tolerance test, the animals were dissected and their pancreases were removed to extract ER, islets isolation and assessment of GSIS. Moreover, the pancreatic ER stress [binding of immunoglobulin protein (BIP) and enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP)] and oxidative stress [malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) and catalase] biomarkers as well as WFS1 expression level were evaluated. HFD decreased pancreatic WFS1 protein and GSH levels, and enhanced pancreatic catalase activity, MDA content, BIP and CHOP protein and mRNA levels as well as Wfs1 mRNA amount. Accordingly, it increased BIP, CHOP and WFS1 protein levels in the extracted ER of pancreas. In addition, the HFD caused glucose intolerance, and decreased the islets' GSIS and insulin content. However, 4-PBA administration restored the alterations. It seems that, HFD consumption through inducing pancreatic ER stress, altered WFS1 expression levels, reduced the islets' GSIS and insulin content and finally impaired glucose homeostasis.
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Liang Z, Dong X, Zhang Z, Zhang Q, Zhao Y. Age-related thymic involution: Mechanisms and functional impact. Aging Cell 2022; 21:e13671. [PMID: 35822239 PMCID: PMC9381902 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The thymus is the primary immune organ responsible for generating self‐tolerant and immunocompetent T cells. However, the thymus gradually involutes during early life resulting in declined naïve T‐cell production, a process known as age‐related thymic involution. Thymic involution has many negative impacts on immune function including reduced pathogen resistance, high autoimmunity incidence, and attenuated tumor immunosurveillance. Age‐related thymic involution leads to a gradual reduction in thymic cellularity and thymic stromal microenvironment disruption, including loss of definite cortical‐medullary junctions, reduction of cortical thymic epithelial cells and medullary thymic epithelial cells, fibroblast expansion, and an increase in perivascular space. The compromised thymic microenvironment in aged individuals substantially disturbs thymocyte development and differentiation. Age‐related thymic involution is regulated by many transcription factors, micro RNAs, growth factors, cytokines, and other factors. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of age‐related thymic involution mechanisms and effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanfeng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaoqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Wei TT, Li MJ, Guo L, Xie YD, Chen WH, Sun Y, Liu GH, Ding Y, Chai YR. Resveratrol ameliorates thymus senescence changes in D-galactose induced mice. Microbiol Immunol 2020; 64:620-629. [PMID: 32691886 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.12833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
The thymic microenvironment plays an important role in the development of T cells. A decrease of thymic epithelial cells is the main cause of age-related thymic atrophy or degeneration. Resveratrol (RSV), a phytoalexin produced from plants, has been shown to inhibit the adverse effects of dietary obesity on the structure and function of the thymus. D-Galactose (D-gal) can induce accelerated aging in mice. In the present study, young mice (2 months old) were injected with D-gal (120 mg/kg/day) for 8 consecutive weeks to construct an accelerated aging model. Compared with normal control mice, the thymus epithelium of the D-gal treated mice had structural changes, the number of senescent cells increased, the number of CD4+ T cells decreased, and CD8+ T cells increased. After RSV administration by gavage for 6 weeks, it was found that RSV improved the surface phenotypes of D-gal treated mice, and recovered thymus function by maintaining the ratio of CD4+ to CD8+ cells. It also indicated that RSV enhanced the cell proliferation and inhibited cell senescence. Increased autoimmune regulator (Aire) expression was present in the RSV treated mice. The lymphotoxin-beta receptor (LTβR) expression also increased. These findings suggested that RSV intake could restore the alterations caused by D-gal treatment in the thymus via stimulation of Aire expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Wei
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- Population and Family Planning Science and Technology Research Institute of Henan, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Meng-Jie Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Li Guo
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Yan-Dong Xie
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Wen-Hui Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Yun Sun
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Guo-Hong Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Yi Ding
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Yu-Rong Chai
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
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Tse C, Warner A, Farook R, Cronin JG. Phytochemical Targeting of STAT3 Orchestrated Lipid Metabolism in Therapy-Resistant Cancers. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10081118. [PMID: 32731620 PMCID: PMC7464013 DOI: 10.3390/biom10081118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipids are critical for maintaining homeostasis and cellular metabolism. However, the dysregulation of lipid metabolism contributes to the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory diseases and is a hallmark of several cancer types. Tumours exist in a microenvironment of poor vascularization-depleted oxygen and restricted nutrients. Under these conditions, tumours have been shown to increasingly depend on the metabolism of fatty acids for sustained proliferation and survival. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) plays a key role in cellular processes such as cell growth, apoptosis and lipid metabolism. Aberrant STAT3 activity, as seen in several cancer types, is associated with tumour progression and malignancy, in addition to propagating crosstalk between tumour cells and the microenvironment. Furthermore, STAT3-regulated lipid metabolism is critical for cancer stem cell self-renewal and therapy resistance. Plant-derived compounds known as phytochemicals are a potential source for novel cancer therapeutic drugs. Dietary phytochemicals are known to modulate key cellular signalling pathways involved in lipid homeostasis and metabolism, including the STAT3 signalling pathways. Targeting STAT3 orchestrated lipid metabolism has shown therapeutic promise in human cancer models. In this review, we summarize the antitumour activity of phytochemicals with an emphasis placed on their effect on STAT3-regulated lipid metabolism and their role in abrogating therapy resistance.
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Campbell CL, Yu R, Li F, Zhou Q, Chen D, Qi C, Yin Y, Sun J. Modulation of fat metabolism and gut microbiota by resveratrol on high-fat diet-induced obese mice. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2019; 12:97-107. [PMID: 30655683 PMCID: PMC6324607 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s192228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The antioxidant resveratrol (RSV) has low bioavailability and can reach the colon to access the gut microbial ecosystem. RSV administration together with high-fat diet prevented abnormal changes of intestinal microbiota. However, whether or not RSV can reshape the intestinal microbiota of obese mice and alleviate obesity-related diseases remains to be studied. This study aimed to explore the role of RSV in alleviating high-fat-induced obesity and its relationship with oxidative stress and gut microbiota. METHODS Male C57BL/6 mice were divided into five groups and administered for 16 weeks with: standard diet (CON), high-fat diet (60% energy for lard, HFD), and HFD with low, medium, and high dose of RSV, 50, 75, and 100 mg/kg body weight administered daily via drinking water, respectively. RESULTS Medium and high RSV treatment significantly prevented body weight gain, decreased relative weight of liver and adipose tissue compared with HFD (P<0.05). All doses significantly prevented HFD-induced increase of serum triglyceride, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, glucose, and endotoxemia (P<0.05). Medium and high dose also prevented chronic inflammation by decreasing serum interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (P<0.05), and oxidative stress in liver and brain indicated by increase in superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase activity (P<0.05). Formation of malondialdehyde was prevented by all doses compared with HFD (P<0.05). Both medium and high doses of RES increased alpha diversity of gut microbiota according to the Chao1 and Shannon indices (P<0.05). Medium dose induced obvious shift in gut microbiota composition according to principal component analysis. High dose of RSV effectively prevented HFD-induced increase of Coriobacteriaceae and Desulfovi-brionaceae (P<0.05), which show a significant correlation with body weight (r>0.8 P<0.00). CONCLUSION RSV prevented HFD-induced endotoxemia, oxidative stress, and gut microbiota change.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Linda Campbell
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Renqiang Yu
- Department of Neonatology, The Affiliated Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214002, China,
- Department of Central Lab, The Affiliated Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214002, China, ,
| | - Fengzhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Qin Zhou
- Department of Neonatology, The Affiliated Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214002, China,
| | - Daozhen Chen
- Department of Central Lab, The Affiliated Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214002, China, ,
| | - Ce Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yongxiang Yin
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214002, China
| | - Jin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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Guo H, Zhang L. Resveratrol provides benefits in mice with type II diabetes-induced chronic renal failure through AMPK signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:333-341. [PMID: 29896258 PMCID: PMC5995082 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Type II diabetes-induced ischemic injuries are known to lead to the rapid degeneration of the kidneys as a result of chronic renal failure. Chronic renal failure is a condition, which typically manifests with symptoms including cardiovascular system and left ventricular hypertrophy, atherosclerosis as well as arterial and aortic stiffness. Resveratrol is a multifunctional compound that has been reported to produce beneficial outcomes for patients with type-II diabetes due to prevention of oxidative stress and apoptosis. However, the beneficial effects of resveratrol in chronic renal failure and the underlying mechanisms have remained to be fully elucidated. The present study investigated the therapeutic effects of resveratrol in mice with chronic renal failure induced by type-II diabetes and assessed the mechanism of action. Oxidative stress, apoptosis and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in the renal cells of the model mice were assessed. Changes in inflammatory factors renal cells from experimental mice as well as insulin resistance were also analyzed. Morphological changes and immunocytes in renal cells were determined by immunostaining. The results demonstrated that resveratrol treatment decreased the apoptotic rate of renal cells from experimental mice. Oxidative stress also improved in renal cells, as indicated by inhibition of superoxide dismutase and reduced glutathione and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal levels. In addition, insulin resistance was improved after an 8-week treatment with resveratrol. Inflammatory factors were decreased and factors promoting kidney function were increased after resveratrol treatment. Furthermore, morphological changes were observed to be ameliorated, indicating the therapeutic efficacy of resveratrol. In addition, immunocyte precipitation in renal cells was markedly decreased in resveratrol-treated mice. Importantly, the AMPK signaling pathway was found to be involved in the beneficial effect of resveratrol on the model mice. In conclusion, the present study suggested that resveratrol may be an ideal agent for the treatment of chronic renal failure induced by type-II diabetes through regulation of the AMPK signaling pathway, which should be further investigated in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Guo
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Fenyang College, Shanxi Medical University, Fenyang, Shanxi 032200, P.R. China
| | - Linyun Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shanxi Fenyang Prison Hospital, Fenyang, Shanxi 032200, P.R. China
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Ma H, Qiao Z. Analysis of the efficacy of resveratrol treatment in patients with scarred uterus. Exp Ther Med 2018; 15:5410-5414. [PMID: 29904420 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Scarred uterus is caused by cesarean section surgery, and this condition affects further gestation and delivery in patients. Previous evidence suggested that resveratrol, a polyphenol compound, presents beneficial outcomes for patients with scarred uterus. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to analyze the efficacy of resveratrol in the treatment of patients with scarred uterus. The efficacy of resveratrol in the formation of new vessels and re-epithelialization of the endometrium was analyzed. The present results demonstrated that resveratrol treatment reduced uterus scarring in the majority of patients (87.36%) compared with the control. It was also observed that the plasma levels of β-human chorionic gonadotropin were downregulated by resveratrol treatment in patients with scarred uterus. Furthermore, resveratrol treatment promoted the remodeling of the scarred uterus, the regeneration of the endometrium and improved pregnancy outcomes. In conclusion, the findings of the current study indicate that resveratrol treatment may be a potential strategy for the treatment of scarred uterus patients, which contributes to the improvement of pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huashu Ma
- Department of Gynecology, Xingtai People's Hospital, Hebei Medical University Affiliated Hospital Obstetric, Xingtai, Hebei 054001, P.R. China
| | - Zongxu Qiao
- Department of Gynecology, Xingtai People's Hospital, Hebei Medical University Affiliated Hospital Obstetric, Xingtai, Hebei 054001, P.R. China
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Farhat G, Drummond S, Al-Dujaili EAS. Polyphenols and Their Role in Obesity Management: A Systematic Review of Randomized Clinical Trials. Phytother Res 2017; 31:1005-1018. [PMID: 28493374 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Polyphenols have been suggested to reduce body weight and modify body composition through different mechanisms. These effects have been extensively studied in animals and in vitro and to a lesser extent in humans. The aim of this review is to consider the association between polyphenols and body weight status by focusing on human intervention studies. We conducted a systematic literature search in MEDLINE (via EBSCOhost), ProQuest CENTRAL, and Cochrane CENTRAL without time restrictions. Randomized controlled trials assessing the effect of polyphenols on weight and/or body composition in the overweight and/or obese population were included. Nineteen studies met our inclusion criteria. Results suggest that further research is required before supporting a potential role of polyphenols in reducing weight in overweight and obese individuals (nine studies showed a significant decrease in weight by a mean of 1.47 ± 0.58 kg). Nevertheless, several studies indicated that polyphenols might be effective in preventing small increases in weight during periods of overfeeding rather than reducing weight as such. The outcomes noted do not yet support polyphenol supplementation as a complementary approach in weight loss diets. Further larger trials with a duration of 12 months or more are needed to elucidate the effect of polyphenols on body weight status. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Farhat
- Department of Dietetics, Nutrition and Biological Sciences, Queen Margaret University, Musselburgh, East Lothian, EH21 6UU, UK
| | - Sandra Drummond
- Department of Dietetics, Nutrition and Biological Sciences, Queen Margaret University, Musselburgh, East Lothian, EH21 6UU, UK
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Jensen VFH, Mølck AM, Berthelsen LO, Alifrangis L, Andersen L, Chapman M, Lykkesfeldt J, Bøgh IB. Toxicological Effects during and following Persistent Insulin-Induced Hypoglycaemia in Healthy Euglycaemic Rats. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2017; 121:53-66. [DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.12769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vivi F. H. Jensen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences; Section for Experimental Animal Models; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
- Department of Toxicology; Safety Pharm and Pathology; Novo Nordisk A/S; Maaloev Denmark
| | - Anne-Marie Mølck
- Department of Toxicology; Safety Pharm and Pathology; Novo Nordisk A/S; Maaloev Denmark
| | - Line O. Berthelsen
- Department of Toxicology; Safety Pharm and Pathology; Novo Nordisk A/S; Maaloev Denmark
| | - Lene Alifrangis
- Department of Development DMPK; Novo Nordisk A/S; Maaloev Denmark
| | - Lene Andersen
- Department of Diabetes Bioanalysis; Novo Nordisk A/S; Maaloev Denmark
| | | | - Jens Lykkesfeldt
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences; Section for Experimental Animal Models; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Ingrid B. Bøgh
- Department of Toxicology; Safety Pharm and Pathology; Novo Nordisk A/S; Maaloev Denmark
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Yu HR, Tain YL, Sheen JM, Tiao MM, Chen CC, Kuo HC, Hung PL, Hsieh KS, Huang LT. Prenatal Dexamethasone and Postnatal High-Fat Diet Decrease Interferon Gamma Production through an Age-Dependent Histone Modification in Male Sprague-Dawley Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17101610. [PMID: 27669212 PMCID: PMC5085643 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17101610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Revised: 09/11/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Overexposure to prenatal glucocorticoid (GC) disturbs hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis-associated neuroendocrine metabolism and susceptibility to metabolic syndrome. A high-fat (HF) diet is a major environmental factor that can cause metabolic syndrome. We aimed to investigate whether prenatal GC plus a postnatal HF diet could alter immune programming in rat offspring. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were given intraperitoneal injections of dexamethasone or saline at 14-21 days of gestation. Male offspring were then divided into four groups: vehicle, prenatal dexamethasone exposure, postnatal HF diet (VHF), and prenatal dexamethasone exposure plus a postnatal HF diet (DHF). The rats were sacrificed and adaptive immune function was evaluated. Compared to the vehicle, the DHF group had lower interferon gamma (IFN-γ) production by splenocytes at postnatal day 120. Decreases in H3K9 acetylation and H3K36me3 levels at the IFN-γ promoter correlated with decreased IFN-γ production. The impaired IFN-γ production and aberrant site-specific histone modification at the IFN-γ promoter by prenatal dexamethasone treatment plus a postnatal HF diet resulted in resilience at postnatal day 180. Prenatal dexamethasone and a postnatal HF diet decreased IFN-γ production through a site-specific and an age-dependent histone modification. These findings suggest a mechanism by which prenatal exposure to GC and a postnatal environment exert effects on fetal immunity programming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Ren Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.
| | - You-Lin Tain
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.
| | - Jiunn-Ming Sheen
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.
| | - Mao-Meng Tiao
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Cheng Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.
| | - Ho-Chang Kuo
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.
| | - Pi-Lien Hung
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.
| | - Kai-Sheng Hsieh
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.
| | - Li-Tung Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.
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12
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Gulfo J, Ledda A, Serra E, Cabot C, Esteve M, Grasa M. Altered lipid partitioning and glucocorticoid availability in CBG-deficient male mice with diet-induced obesity. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2016; 24:1677-86. [PMID: 27323695 DOI: 10.1002/oby.21543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate how deficiency in corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG), the specific carrier of glucocorticoids, affects glucocorticoid availability and adipose tissue in obesity. METHODS C57BL/6 (WT) and CBG-deficient (KO) male mice were fed during 12 weeks with standard or hyperlipidic diet (HL). Glucocorticoid availability and metabolic parameters were assessed. RESULTS Body weight and food intake were increased in KO compared with WT mice fed a standard diet and were similar when fed a HL diet. Expression of CBG was found in white adipose tissue by immunochemistry, real-time PCR, and Western blot. In obesity, the subcutaneous depot developed less in KO mice compared with WT, which was associated with a minor adipocyte area and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ expression. Conversely, the epididymal depot displayed higher weight and adipocyte area in KO than in WT mice. CBG deficiency caused a fall of hepatic 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 expression and an increase in epidymal adipose tissue, particularly in HL mice. CONCLUSIONS Deficiency in CBG drives lipid partitioning from subcutaneous to visceral adipose depot under a context of lipid excess and differentially modulates 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Gulfo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Angelo Ledda
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisabet Serra
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Cabot
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Esteve
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mar Grasa
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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13
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Araki T, Nishino M, Gao W, Dupuis J, Hunninghake GM, Murakami T, Washko GR, O'Connor GT, Hatabu H. Normal thymus in adults: appearance on CT and associations with age, sex, BMI and smoking. Eur Radiol 2016; 26:15-24. [PMID: 25925358 PMCID: PMC4847950 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-015-3796-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Revised: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate CT appearance and size of the thymus in association with participant characteristics. MATERIALS AND METHODS 2540 supposedly healthy participants (mean age 58.9 years, 51 % female) were evaluated for the CT appearance of thymic glands with four-point scores (according to the ratio of fat and soft tissue), size and morphology. These were correlated with participants' age, sex, BMI and smoking history. RESULTS Of 2540 participants, 1869 (74 %) showed complete fatty replacement of the thymus (Score 0), 463 (18 %) predominantly fatty attenuation (Score 1), 172 (7 %) half fatty and half soft-tissue attenuation (Score 2) and 36 (1 %) solid thymic gland with predominantly soft-tissue attenuation (Score 3). Female participants showed less fatty degeneration of the thymus with higher thymic scores within age 40-69 years (P < 0.001). Participants with lower thymic scores showed higher BMI (P < 0.001) and were more likely to be former smokers (P < 0.001) with higher pack-years (P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS Visual assessment with four-point thymic scores revealed a sex difference in the fatty degeneration of the thymus with age. Women show significantly higher thymic scores, suggesting less fat content of the thymus, during age 40-69 years. Cigarette smoking and high BMI are associated with advanced fatty replacement of the thymus. KEY POINTS 74% of participants (mean age 58.9 years) demonstrated complete fatty thymus. Women show less fatty thymus compared to men at ages 40-69 years. Smoking and high BMI are associated with advanced fatty degeneration in thymus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuro Araki
- Department of Radiology, Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St., Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
- Department of Radiology, Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan.
| | - Mizuki Nishino
- Department of Radiology, Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St., Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Josée Dupuis
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- The National Heart Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Gary M Hunninghake
- The Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Takamichi Murakami
- Department of Radiology, Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - George R Washko
- The Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - George T O'Connor
- The National Heart Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hiroto Hatabu
- Department of Radiology, Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St., Boston, MA, 02215, USA
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14
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Brown L, Poudyal H, Panchal SK. Functional foods as potential therapeutic options for metabolic syndrome. Obes Rev 2015; 16:914-41. [PMID: 26345360 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Revised: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Obesity as part of metabolic syndrome is a major lifestyle disorder throughout the world. Current drug treatments for obesity produce small and usually unsustainable decreases in body weight with the risk of major adverse effects. Surgery has been the only treatment producing successful long-term weight loss. As a different but complementary approach, lifestyle modification including the use of functional foods could produce a reliable decrease in obesity with decreased comorbidities. Functional foods may include fruits such as berries, vegetables, fibre-enriched grains and beverages such as tea and coffee. Although health improvements continue to be reported for these functional foods in rodent studies, further evidence showing the translation of these results into humans is required. Thus, the concept that these fruits and vegetables will act as functional foods in humans to reduce obesity and thereby improve health remains intuitive and possible rather than proven.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Brown
- Institute for Agriculture and the Environment, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia.,School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia
| | - H Poudyal
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, The Hakubi Centre for Advanced Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S K Panchal
- Institute for Agriculture and the Environment, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia
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15
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Liu YZ, Wu K, Huang J, Liu Y, Wang X, Meng ZJ, Yuan SX, Wang DX, Luo JY, Zuo GW, Yin LJ, Chen L, Deng ZL, Yang JQ, Sun WJ, He BC. The PTEN/PI3K/Akt and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways are involved in the inhibitory effect of resveratrol on human colon cancer cell proliferation. Int J Oncol 2014; 45:104-12. [PMID: 24756222 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2014.2392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer is one of the most common malignancies and the treatments for colon cancer have been developed substantially in the last decades, but there is still a great clinical need to explore new treatment regimens due to the undesirable prognosis. In this investigation, we demonstrated the anti-proliferative and apoptosis-inducing activities of resveratrol (Res) in human colon cancer cells, and the possible mechanisms underlying these effects. We used crystal violet staining, flow cytometry and western blotting to validate the anti-proliferative and apoptosis-inducing effects of Res on HCT116 cells. A xenograft tumor model was used to confirm the anti-proliferative effects of Res. We employed polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, recombinant adenovirus and luciferase reporter assay to explore the possible mechanism(s) of action. We found that Res inhibits significantly the proliferation and promotes apoptosis in HCT116 cells, as well as inhibits the xenograft tumor growth of colon cancer. Res upregulates the expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and decreases the phosphorylation of Akt1/2. The exogenous expression of PTEN inhibits the PI3K/Akt signal and promotes the anti-proliferative effects of Res in HCT116 cells, while knockdown of PTEN increases PI3K/Akt signal but reduces the anti-proliferative function of Res. The protein and mRNA expression of β-catenin are all decreased by Res concentration-dependently. Thus, our findings strongly suggest that the anti-proliferative effects of Res in human colon cancer cells may be mediated by regulating separately the PTEN/PI3K/Akt and Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Zi Liu
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Higher Education Institutions for Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Ke Wu
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Higher Education Institutions for Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Jun Huang
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Higher Education Institutions for Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Higher Education Institutions for Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Higher Education Institutions for Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Zi-Jun Meng
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Higher Education Institutions for Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Shuang-Xue Yuan
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Higher Education Institutions for Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Xu Wang
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Higher Education Institutions for Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Yong Luo
- Key Laboratory for Diagnostic Medicine designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Guo-Wei Zuo
- Key Laboratory for Diagnostic Medicine designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Liang-Jun Yin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Zhong-Liang Deng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Qin Yang
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Higher Education Institutions for Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Juan Sun
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Higher Education Institutions for Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Bai-Cheng He
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Higher Education Institutions for Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
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