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Yanık D, Özel Ş. Shaping ability of three instrumentation system in moderately curved canals: A micro-CT study. Microsc Res Tech 2024. [PMID: 38813968 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to compare the shaping ability of three systems using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). Moderately-curved mesial canals of 36 mandibular molars were assigned to three groups (n = 24); Protaper Next (PTN, 0.25, 0.06), WaveOne Gold (WOG, 0.25, 0.07), TruNatomy (TRN, 0.25, 0.04), and instrumentation was performed. Pre- and post-micro-CT scans were obtained. Canal volume and surface, structure model index (SMI), centroid shift, canal transportation, and untouched canal were analyzed. One-way ANOVA and Student's t-test were used for statistics. There was no difference in SMI, centroid shift, and centering ability between the study groups (p > .05). Removed dentin and canal surface changes were lower in TRN, while untouched dentin walls were higher (p < .05). Cross-sections became more rounded (p < .05), but not significant between groups (p > .05). Considering the removed dentin by TRN, it can be used in critical dentin thickness, such as the danger zone (DZ). PTN, WOG, and WOG kept the original canal course similarly. Untouched dentin by TRN (41%) was wider than PTN and WOG, consequently, meticulous irrigation is recommended. TRN, which provides a controlled increase in canal volume, can be used in thin dentin such as the DZ, however, its use should be supported by copious irrigation and brushing considering the rate of untouched dentin walls. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: TRN presented a higher untouched dentin wall compared to PTN and WOG. Canal volume and surface changes were the lowest in the TRN group. The centering abilities were similar in PTN, WOG, and TRN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Yanık
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Endodontics, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Şelale Özel
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Altınbas University, İstanbul, Turkey
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Călin C, Focșăneanu AM, Paulsen F, Didilescu AC, Niță T. Shaping Efficiency of Rotary and Reciprocating Kinematics of Engine-driven Nickel-Titanium Instruments in Moderate and Severely curved Root Canals Using Microcomputed Tomography: A Systematic Review of Ex Vivo Studies. J Endod 2024:S0099-2399(24)00169-9. [PMID: 38537784 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2024.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This systematic review aimed to compare reciprocating with continuous rotary instrumentation kinematics, by means of microcomputed tomography evaluations, in extracted human permanent teeth with moderate and severe canal curvatures. METHODS The research protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews and given the reference number CRD42023404035. An electronic search was undertaken in MEDLINE (PubMed), EBSCO, Scopus, Web of Science databases until December 2021. Manual screening of issues in endodontic journals and references of relevant articles were assessed individually. The risk of bias (RoB) of the included articles was evaluated with the QUIN tool (Quality Assessment Tool for In Vitro Studies). RESULTS Among 1640 retrieved articles, 49 were included in the qualitative synthesis. Fifteen articles had low RoB, 33 articles had medium RoB, and only 1 study was at high RoB. Continuous rotary systems had better centering ability in both moderate and severe canal curvatures and resulted in less apical transportation in severely curved root canals. None of the kinematic systems was capable of instrumenting the entire canal surface area. Reciprocating kinematics systems tended to provide higher increase in surface area of severely curved canals and produced fewer dentinal microcracks in moderately curved canals. CONCLUSIONS The evidence presented in this review suggests that continuous rotary system seems to be better than reciprocating system in solving the major issues encountered during root canal instrumentation of extracted teeth with moderate and severe curvatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudiu Călin
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Embryology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Friedrich Paulsen
- Institute of Functional and Clinical Anatomy, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreea C Didilescu
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Embryology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Tiberiu Niță
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery "Dan Theodorescu Hospital", Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
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Morales MDLNP, Sánchez JAG, Elmsmari F, Duran-Sindreu F, Salmon P, Jaramillo DE, Olivieri JG. Microcomputed tomographic evaluation of 6 NiTi files on the pericervical dentin and the smallest dentin thickness zones in mesial root canals of mandibular molars: an in vitro study. Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:166. [PMID: 38388725 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05493-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate six files on the pericervical dentin (PCD) and the smallest dentin thickness zones (SDTZ) in mesial root canals of mandibular molars. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty mandibular molars with two mesial canals and Vertucci configuration were aleatory allocated in 6 experimental groups of 10 molars and 20 root canals. Specimens were scanned before instrumentation using the SkyScan 1275 (Bruker microCT, Kontich, Belgium). Group 1 was treated with WaveOne Gold (WG), group 2 with Reciproc Blue (RB), group 3 with TRUShape (TS), group 4 with XP-endo Shaper (XP), group 5 with iRace (IR), and group 6 with TruNatomy (TN). After instrumentation, the molars were scanned again and the images recorded were reconstructed with the NRecon v.1.7 (Bruker micro-CT) and analyzed with CTAn v.1.20.8 software (Bruker micro-CT) quantifying the changes produced in the surface, volume, structure thickness, SMI, and centroids at the Pericervical Dentin area of the root canals (PCD) located from the root canal orifices at the floor of the pulp chamber to 4 mm in the apical direction, and the changes in the Smallest Dentin Thickness Zones (SDTZ) located (from the furcation to 4 mm and 7 mm in the apical direction. The data obtained were compared using Wilcoxon and ANOVA with a 5% significance level. RESULTS XP and TN were similar in all the parameters (P >.05) at the PCD, but TN showed significant differences from WG, RB, TS, and IR (P <.05), while XP showed significant differences from WG (P <.05) in volume, surface, and structure thickness. Regarding the changes in the SDTZ, the amount of dentin removed was similar between the groups in both canals at the middle 1/3, at the cervical 1/3 for MB canals, and in ML canals for RB, TS, XP, IR, and TN (P>.05). The action of WG was significantly different from that of XP and TN in the cervical 1/3 of the ML canal (P <.05). CONCLUSIONS XP and TN rotatory files with small taper and volume maintained better with minor changes at the PCD and SDTZ, while WG reciprocation file produced the largest change. All the files were maintained centered at the PCD, and their performances were safe with a minimal thickness higher 0.5 mm at the SDTZ, and without risk of perforation. TRIAL REGISTRATION No clinical trials were indicated in this study. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The choice of endodontic files is a relevant factor in the conservative performance of root canal treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José Antonio González Sánchez
- Departments of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, International University of Catalunya, Sant Cugat del Valles, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Firas Elmsmari
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
- Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fernando Duran-Sindreu
- Departments of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, International University of Catalunya, Sant Cugat del Valles, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Phil Salmon
- Department of Scientific Applications, Bruker micro-CT, Kontich, Belgium
| | - David E Jaramillo
- Department of Endodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Juan Gonzalo Olivieri
- Departments of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, International University of Catalunya, Sant Cugat del Valles, Barcelona, Spain
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Keskin C, Pirimoğlu B, Çiftçioğlu E, Dinger E, Kömeç O, Keleş A. Shaping outcomes of Reciproc Blue and Rotate in roots canals with band-shaped isthmuses: micro-CT study. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:7337-7344. [PMID: 37861748 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05324-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study assessed the outcome of shaping the mesial roots of mandibular first molars containing band-shaped isthmuses with an isthmus floor located at the apical third with Reciproc Blue and Rotate instruments in terms of canal transportation, canal aberrations and unprepared apical canals. MATERIALS AND METHODS Pair-matched mesial roots of mandibular first molars according to their isthmus location (distance from apical foramina) and size were constructed based on quantitative measurements (length, major and minor diameter at isthmus roof and floor) on preoperative micro-CT scanning (n = 10). The pair-matched specimens were prepared either using Reciproc Blue R25 (25.08v) or Rotate (15.04, 20.05, 25.06) instruments and then subjected to a second micro-CT scanning. Micro-CT scans were analysed to evaluate the canal transportation at the apical foramen and isthmus floor levels and the frequency of procedural errors (separated instruments, artificial canal preparation, cross shaping and unprepared apical canals). Canal transportation values were compared using Mann-Whitney U, and the distribution of procedural errors was compared with chi-square tests with a 5% significance threshold. RESULTS Greater transportation values were detected in the apical foramen level compared to the isthmus floor in both groups. No significant difference was detected between Rotate and Reciproc Blue groups in terms of absolute transportation values and the incidence of procedural errors (p > .05). CONCLUSION Preparation of mesial root canals containing a band-shaped isthmus at the apical portion with Reciproc Blue and Rotate instruments caused transportation of the original canal position at the isthmus floor and the apical foramen levels and resulted in procedural errors. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This ex vivo micro-CT study using controlled pair-matched specimens showed that presence of a band-shaped isthmus complicates canal preparation procedure irrespective of the preparation systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cangül Keskin
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey.
| | - Burcu Pirimoğlu
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Elif Çiftçioğlu
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Okan University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esma Dinger
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
| | | | - Ali Keleş
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
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Yeniçeri Özata M, Falakaloğlu S, Keleş A, Adıgüzel Ö, Gündoğar M. Evaluation of shaping ability of different glide path instruments: a micro-computed tomography study. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:780. [PMID: 37875946 PMCID: PMC10594883 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03529-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to compare the shaping ability of different instruments, TruNatomy Glider (TRN-G), WaveOne Gold Glider (WOG-G), and ProGlider (Pro-G) using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). METHODS The mesial canals of 27 mandibular molars with two separate mesial canals and moderate curvature were included in this study [n = 27 mesiobuccal (MB) and mesiolingual (ML) root canal]. According to the manufacturer's instructions, the glide path was created with TRN-G, WOG-G, and Pro-G glide path instruments (n = 9 MB and ML root canal in each group). Micro-CT scanning was performed before and after preparation. Mesiodistal (MD) and buccolingual (BL) transportation and the centering ratio were measured at three levels within the canal (3, 5 and 7 mm). A three-way robust ANOVA was used to compare the parameters. RESULTS TRN-G showed significantly greater transportation in the MD direction than the other instruments throughout the root canal (overall root canal) (p < 0.05). The best centering ability in the BL direction was shown by the WOG-G, regardless of level within the canal and canal distinction (MB vs. ML) (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference between groups according to the level within the canal and canal parameters (p > 0.05). Whether the root canal was MB or ML did not affect centering or transportation (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Glide path instruments can be used to shape moderately curved canals with minimal apical transportation and better centering ability. All three tested glide path files can used safely before the shaping file.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Yeniçeri Özata
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey.
| | - Seda Falakaloğlu
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, İstanbul Health and Technology University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Ali Keleş
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Özkan Adıgüzel
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Gündoğar
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, İstanbul Medipol University, İstanbul, Turkey
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Chan WS, Gulati K, Peters OA. Advancing Nitinol: From heat treatment to surface functionalization for nickel–titanium (NiTi) instruments in endodontics. Bioact Mater 2023; 22:91-111. [PMID: 36203965 PMCID: PMC9520078 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Nickel-titanium (NiTi) alloy has been extensively researched in endodontics, particularly in cleaning and shaping the root canal system. Research advances have primarily focused on the design, shape, and geometry of the NiTi files as well as metallurgy and mechanical properties. So far, extensive investigations have been made surrounding surface and thermomechanical treatments, however, limited work has been done in the realm of surface functionalization to augment its performance in endodontics. This review summarizes the unique characteristics, current use, and latest developments in thermomechanically treated NiTi endodontic files. It discusses recent improvements in nano-engineering and the possibility of customizing the NiTi file surface for added functionalization. Whilst clinical translation of this technology has yet to be fully realized, future research direction will lie in the use of nanotechnology. Nitinol (Nickel Titanium alloy) is widely used to clean/shape root canal system in endodontics. To enhance its performance, various thermo-mechanical and nano-engineering modifications have been performed. This comprehensive review summarizes the latest advances and future trends relating to functionalized NiTi endodontic files.
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Al-labed H, layous K, Alzoubi H. The Efficacy of Three Rotary Systems (Reciproc Blue, WaveOne Gold, and AF Blue R3) in Preparing Simulated, Highly Curved Root Canals: An In Vitro Study. Cureus 2022; 14:e30232. [PMID: 36381824 PMCID: PMC9650934 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.30232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of three rotary, single-file, and reciprocating systems in terms of preparation time and canal centralization in simulated highly curved root canal preparation. Materials and methods The study sample consisted of 45 simulated canals with a curvature of 40°. They were randomly distributed into three experimental groups: Group 1-Reciproc Blue; Group 2-WaveOne Gold; and Group 3-AF Blue R3. A glide path was established by #10 hand K-file, then red dye was colored on the simulated canals, and photographs of the sample were taken before preparation. Then, the canals of each group were prepared, and other photographs were taken after preparation. The images of the two phases were combined using AutoCAD, where the canal was divided into three parts and the preparation area was measured from the right and left sides of each part of the canal. The preparation time for each system was also measured. Results While there were no statistically significant differences in the rate of preserving canal centralization in the middle and apical thirds between preparation groups, a statistically significant difference was found in the coronal third, as the Reciproc Blue and WaveOne Gold systems have a greater ability to maintain the centrality of the canal compared to the AF Blue R3 system. While there were no statistically significant differences between the Reciproc Blue and WaveOne Gold systems in the coronal third, as for the preparation time, it was found that there were statistically significant differences in the preparation time between the groups in favor of the WaveOne Gold system. Conclusion Both preparation systems (Reciproc Blue and WaveOne Gold) maintained the anatomical shape and canal centrality, with more cons for WaveOne Gold compared to the Reciproc Blue system. Regarding the volumetric changes, AF Blue R3 had the greatest changes compared to the Reciproc Blue and WaveOne Gold systems. WaveOne Gold Group, in terms of canal preparation time, showed the least time among the investigated groups.
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Shi L, Yang Y, Wan J, Xie W, Yang R, Yao Y. Shaping ability of rotary and reciprocating single-file systems in combination with and without different glide path techniques in simulated curved canals. J Dent Sci 2022; 17:1520-1527. [PMID: 36299306 PMCID: PMC9588838 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2022.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose Materials and methods Results Conclusion
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Silva EJNL, De-Deus G, Souza EM, Belladonna FG, Cavalcante DM, Simões-Carvalho M, Versiani MA. Present status and future directions - Minimal endodontic access cavities. Int Endod J 2022; 55 Suppl 3:531-587. [PMID: 35100441 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In the last decades, the move of Medicine towards minimally invasive treatments is notorious and scientifically grounded. As Dentistry naturally follows its footsteps, minimal access preparation also became a trend topic in the endodontic field. This procedure aims to maximize preservation of dentine tissue, backed up by the idea that this is an effective way to reduce the incidence of post-treatment tooth fracture. However, with the assessment of the body of evidence on this topic, it is possible to observe some key-points (a) the demand for nomenclature standardization, (b) the requirement of specific tools such as ultra-flexible instruments, visual magnification, superior illumination, and three-dimensional imaging technology, (c) minimally invasive treatment does not seem to affect orifice location and mechanical preparation when using adequate armamentarium, but it (d) may impair adequate canal cleaning, disinfection, and filling procedures, and also (e) it displays contradictory results regarding the ability to increase the tooth strengthen compared to the traditional access cavity. In spite of that, it is undeniable that methodological flaws of some benchtop studies using extracted teeth may be responsible for the conflicting data, thus triggering the need for more sophisticated devices/facilities and specifically designed research in an attempt to make it clear the role of the access size/design on long-term teeth survival. Moreover, it is inevitable that a clinical approach like minimal endodontic access cavities that demands complex tools and skilled and experienced operators bring to the fore doubts on its educational impact mainly when confronted with the conflicting scientific output, ultimately provoking a cost-benefit analysis of its implementation as a routine technique. In addition, this review discusses the ongoing scientific and clinical status of minimally invasive access cavities aiming to input an in-depth and unbiased view over the rationale behind them, uncovering not only the related conceptual and scientific flaws, but also outlining future directions for research and clinical practices. The conclusions attempt to skip from passionate disputes highlighting the current body of evidence as weak and incomplete to guide decision making, demanding the development of a close-to-in-situ laboratory model or a large and well-controlled clinical trial to solve this matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal Silva
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gustavo De-Deus
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Erick Miranda Souza
- Department of Dentistry II, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão
| | | | | | - Marco Simões-Carvalho
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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de Carvalho KKT, Petean IBF, Silva-Sousa AC, de Camargo RV, Mazzi-Chaves JF, Silva-Sousa YTC, Sousa-Neto MD. Impact of several NiTi-thermally treated instrumentation systems on biomechanical preparation of curved root canals in extracted mandibular molars. Int Endod J 2022; 55:124-136. [PMID: 34687053 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the shaping ability of several heat-treated nickel-titanium systems used to prepare root canals with moderate and severe curvature, in extracted mandibular molars, by micro-computed tomography, considering their variation in kinematics and design. METHODOLOGY Curved-mesial roots of mandibular molars were randomly selected and assigned into 4 balanced experimental groups (n = 10), established by determining homogeneous 3D parameters of volume and surface area: R-Motion (RM) size 30, 0.04 taper (RM; FKG Dentaire), Reciproc Blue (RCB) size 25, 0.08 taper (RCB; VDW GmbH), HyFlex CM (HFX) size 30, 0.04 taper (HFX; Coltène Whaledent) and XP-endo Shaper size (XPS) 30, 0.01 taper (XPS; FKG Dentaire). The volume of irrigation was established at 10 ml of 2.5% NaOCl. Throughout the entire root canal preparation procedures, the samples were fixed in a vice submerged in a container with water monitored at 37°C. Dimensional cross-sectional measures of area, perimeter, roundness, major/minor diameters and 3-dimensional (volume, surface area, structure model index - SMI) parameters as well as the smallest dentine thickness along the cervical and middle root thirds were evaluated by micro-CT. Data were analysed using analysis of variance and post hoc Tukey tests (α = 5%). RESULTS Reciproc Blue and XPS had significantly greater mean increases in cross-sectional area measurements, only in the middle third, when compared with RM and HFX (p < .05). RM, RCB and XPS had a similar increase in measurements of length and width of perimeter (p > .05), and HFX had significantly lower mean increases in perimeter values only when compared with XPS (p < .05). RCB and XPS had significantly greater mean increases in volume when compared with RM and HFX (p < .05). RM had a significantly lower difference in SMI after preparation, compared with RCB, HFX and XPS (p < .05). The smallest dentine thickness was observed after the use of RCB (p < .05), in the danger and safety zones. CONCLUSIONS XP-endo Shaper and RM had a shaping ability similar to that of instruments with larger tapers, achieved with less dentine removal in danger and safe zones in curved-mesial canals of extracted molar teeth treated on a laboratory benchtop.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Igor Bassi Ferreira Petean
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alice Corrêa Silva-Sousa
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael Verardino de Camargo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jardel Francisco Mazzi-Chaves
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Manoel Damião Sousa-Neto
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Xu F, Zhang Y, Gu Y, Ping Y, Zhou R, Wang J. Shaping ability of four single-file systems in the instrumentation of second mesiobuccal canals of three-dimensional printed maxillary first molars. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1425. [PMID: 34733977 PMCID: PMC8506727 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-3855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background This study evaluated and compared the shaping ability of four advanced single-file nickel-titanium (NiTi) systems during the preparation of curved second mesiobuccal (MB2) canals in maxillary first molar replicas fabricated by three-dimensional (3D) printing via micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT) imaging. Methods A total of 60 3D-printed maxillary first molar replicas were constructed from one extracted tooth, with an angle of curvature ranging from 15° to 25°. The MB2 canals from these 60 replicas were divided into 4 groups of 15 replicas according to the canal instrumentation system used, namely, Waveone gold (WOG), Reciproc blue (RCB), XP-endo shaper (XPS) and M3-L. The specimens were scanned before and after preparation using Micro-CT. The pre- and post-instrumentation images of each specimen were superimposed, and the amount of resin removed, the change in surface area, the canal transportation, and centering ability were assessed using the Mimics software. Instrumentation time was also recorded. One-way analysis of variance and least significant difference (LSD) tests were used to statistically compare the groups. The significance level was set at 5%. Results Instrumentation time with M3-L was significantly longer than the other systems (P<0.05). The amount of resin removed and the change in surface area generated by the 4 systems were different at the apical, middle, and coronal thirds, and the total canal (P<0.05). Overall, WOG and XPS resulted in the less change than RCB and M3-L. There was no significant difference among the groups at the middle third regarding canal transportation and centering ability (P>0.05). However, a significant difference was found at the apical level (P<0.05), where RCB showed the poorest centering ability and the highest canal transportation (P<0.05). In addition, XPS resulted in the least canal transportation (P<0.05) at the coronal level, while there was no significant difference between the four groups in terms of centering ability. Conclusions The M3-L instrument required more time to prepare the curved MB2 canals compared with the other systems. Overall, WOG and XPS showed the least resin removal and surface area change. M3-L, XPS, and WOG instruments respected the original canal curvature better than RCB files.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulu Xu
- Department of Endodontics and Operative Dentistry, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuerong Zhang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Department of General Dentistry, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongchun Gu
- Department of Dentistry, The Ninth People's Hospital of Suzhou, China
| | - Yifan Ping
- Department of Endodontics and Operative Dentistry, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruyu Zhou
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Endodontics and Operative Dentistry, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Cerqueira NM, Louzada VG, Silva-Sousa YTC, Raucci-Neto W, Leoni GB. Effect of canal preparation with XP-endo Shaper and ProTaper Next on root canal geometry and dentin thickness of mandibular premolars with radicular grooves and two canals: a micro-CT study. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 25:5505-5512. [PMID: 33655437 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-03858-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different shaping protocols on the root canal geometry and remaining dentin thickness of mandibular premolars with radicular grooves (RG) and two canals by means of micro-CT. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mandibular premolars with RG and two canals were matched based on their similar morphological dimensions and assigned to 2 experimental groups according to the canal preparation (n=8): XP-endo Shaper (XPS) and ProTaper Next (PTN) systems. Before and after preparation, morphometric measurements of the volume, surface area, structure model index, area, perimeter, roundness, major and minor diameters, as well as untouched canal walls, canal transportation, and dentin wall thickness were evaluated. Data were statistically compared within and between groups using the independent sample t test (α=5%). RESULTS XPS revealed less changes in volume, surface area, area, perimeter, and major and minor diameters (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in structure model index (SMI), roundness, and percentage of untouched canal walls between groups (P>0.05). XPS resulted in less apical canal transportation and a higher remaining dentin thickness toward the RG compared to PTN in lingual canals (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS XPS revealed fewer changes in root canal geometry as well as lower transportation and a greater remaining dentin thickness in the lingual canals toward the RG compared to PTN. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Internal and external anatomical characteristics of mandibular premolars might have an influence on biomechanical preparation. Considering the risk of perforation, the canal preparation using XPS appears to be more conservative compared to PTN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathália Mancioppi Cerqueira
- School of Dentistry, University of Ribeirão Preto, Avenida Costábile Romano 2201, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14096-900, Brazil
| | - Victoria Gabriela Louzada
- School of Dentistry, University of Ribeirão Preto, Avenida Costábile Romano 2201, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14096-900, Brazil
| | | | - Walter Raucci-Neto
- School of Dentistry, University of Ribeirão Preto, Avenida Costábile Romano 2201, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14096-900, Brazil
| | - Graziela Bianchi Leoni
- School of Dentistry, University of Ribeirão Preto, Avenida Costábile Romano 2201, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14096-900, Brazil.
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13
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da Silva EJNL, de Moura SG, de Lima CO, Barbosa AFA, Misael WF, Lacerda MFLS, Sassone LM. Shaping ability and apical debris extrusion after root canal preparation with rotary or reciprocating instruments: a micro-CT study. Restor Dent Endod 2021; 46:e16. [PMID: 34123752 PMCID: PMC8170380 DOI: 10.5395/rde.2021.46.e16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the shaping ability of the TruShape and Reciproc Blue systems and the apical extrusion of debris after root canal instrumentation. The ProTaper Universal system was used as a reference for comparison. Materials and Methods Thirty-three mandibular premolars with a single canal were scanned using micro-computed tomography and were matched into 3 groups (n = 11) according to the instrumentation system: TruShape, Reciproc Blue and ProTaper Universal. The teeth were accessed and mounted in an apparatus with agarose gel, which simulated apical resistance provided by the periapical tissue and enabled the collection of apically extruded debris. During root canal preparation, 2.5% sodium hypochlorite was used as an irrigant. The samples were scanned again after instrumentation. The percentage of unprepared area, removed dentin, and volume of apically extruded debris were analyzed. The data were analyzed using 1-way analysis of variance and the Tukey test for multiple comparisons at a 5% significance level. Results No significant differences in the percentage of unprepared area were observed among the systems (p > 0.05). ProTaper Universal presented a higher percentage of dentin removal than the TruShape and Reciproc Blue systems (p < 0.05). The systems produced similar volumes of apically extruded debris (p > 0.05). Conclusions All systems caused apically extruded debris, without any significant differences among them. TruShape, Reciproc Blue, and ProTaper Universal presented similar percentages of unprepared area after root canal instrumentation; however, ProTaper Universal was associated with higher dentin removal than the other systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal da Silva
- Department of Endodontics, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) School of Dentistry, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Department of Endodontics, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO) School of Dentistry, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Sara Gomes de Moura
- Department of Endodontics, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) School of Dentistry, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Carolina Oliveira de Lima
- Department of Endodontics, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) School of Dentistry, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ana Flávia Almeida Barbosa
- Department of Endodontics, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) School of Dentistry, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Waleska Florentino Misael
- Department of Endodontics, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) School of Dentistry, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Luciana Moura Sassone
- Department of Endodontics, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) School of Dentistry, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Pérez Morales MDLN, González Sánchez JA, Olivieri JG, Elmsmari F, Salmon P, Jaramillo DE, Terol FDS. Micro-computed Tomographic Assessment and Comparative Study of the Shaping Ability of 6 Nickel-Titanium Files: An In Vitro Study. J Endod 2021; 47:812-819. [PMID: 33549630 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2020.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This research studies and compares the shaping ability of WaveOne Gold (WG; Dentsply Tulsa Dental Specialties, Tulsa, OK), the Reciproc Blue (RB; VDW, Munich, Germany), TRUShape (TS, Dentsply Tulsa Dental Specialties), XP-endo Shaper (XP; FKG, La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland), iRace (IR, FKG), and TruNatomy (TN; Dentsply Sirona, Ballaigues, Switzerland) in the preparation of moderately curved canals and using micro-computed tomographic technology. METHODS Sixty lower molars with 2 mesial canals were randomly distributed into 6 groups of 10 molars and 20 canals per group (n = 20). Specimens were scanned before and after preparation using the SkyScan 1275 (Bruker microCT, Kontich, Belgium). Group 1 was treated with WG, group 2 with RB, group 3 with TS, group 4 with XP, group 5 with IR, and group 6 with TN. After instrumentation, researchers quantified the changes produced in the canal geometry in terms of surface, volume, structure thickness, surface convexity index, structure model index, percentage of surface touched, and centroids. Wilcoxon and analysis of variance tests were performed to compare the values before and after preparation and the differences between groups. The significance level was established at 5%. RESULTS There were no significant differences between WG and RB (P > .05) and between TN and XP (P > .05). TN had significant differences with WG, RB, TS, and IR (P < .05). All the files produced similar apical transportation (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS WG and RB and TN and XP had similar shaping effectivity. TS and WG touched the highest percentages of canal surfaces (81% and 73%, respectively) but produced the biggest changes in the canal anatomy. TN and XP better kept the canal anatomy, but TN touched the lowest percentage of canal surface (50%). All the files used were able to clean and to shape moderately curved canals with minimal apical transportation.
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Affiliation(s)
- María de Las Nieves Pérez Morales
- Departments of Endodontics and Dental Research, International University of Catalunya, School of Dentistry, Sant Cugat del Valles, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Antonio González Sánchez
- Departments of Endodontics and Dental Research, International University of Catalunya, School of Dentistry, Sant Cugat del Valles, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Juan Gonzalo Olivieri
- Departments of Endodontics and Dental Research, International University of Catalunya, School of Dentistry, Sant Cugat del Valles, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Firas Elmsmari
- Departments of Endodontics and Dental Research, International University of Catalunya, School of Dentistry, Sant Cugat del Valles, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - David E Jaramillo
- Department of Endodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Fernando Durán-Sindreu Terol
- Departments of Endodontics and Dental Research, International University of Catalunya, School of Dentistry, Sant Cugat del Valles, Barcelona, Spain
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Kabil E, Katić M, Anić I, Bago I. Micro-computed Evaluation of Canal Transportation and Centering Ability of 5 Rotary and Reciprocating Systems with Different Metallurgical Properties and Surface Treatments in Curved Root Canals. J Endod 2020; 47:477-484. [PMID: 33217469 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2020.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to evaluate the transportation and centering ability of 5 different rotary and reciprocating file systems with different metallurgical properties and surface treatments in curved root canals. METHODS Fifty mesiobuccal round canals of upper molars with a curvature of 25°-40° were assigned to 5 experimental groups (n = 12) according to the instrumentation system used: ProTaper Next (Dentsply Sirona, York, PA), Reciproc Blue (RCB [VDW, Munich, Germany]), Reciproc (VDW), TruNatomy (TRN [Dentsply Sirona]), and XP-endo Shaper (FKG, La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland). During instrumentation, 5 mL 2.5% sodium hypochlorite was used in each root canal. The final irrigation protocol included 15% EDTA followed by sodium hypochlorite irrigation. The micro-computed tomographic scanning of the samples was performed before and after instrumentation to analyze the transportation and centering ability at 3 canal levels. The results were analyzed with the 1-way analysis of variance test with the corresponding post hoc test. RESULTS Overall, RCB caused significantly more canal transportation compared with the other techniques (P < .05). There were no significant differences between the other techniques (P > .05). ProTaper Next had a significantly better ability to stay within the central axis of the root canal compared with the Reciproc and RCB techniques (P = .046 and P = .017, respectively). In the apical third, all techniques caused similar apical transportation and centering ability (P > .05). In the middle and cervical parts of the canal, the RCB caused significantly greater canal transportation than the other techniques (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS Under the limitations of this study, all tested techniques had similar transportation and centering abilities in the apical part of the canal. However, the overall results and those in the middle and coronal parts of the canal indicated that reciprocating instruments resulted in more canal transportation and less centered preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emina Kabil
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marko Katić
- Department of Quality, National Laboratory for Length, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivica Anić
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivona Bago
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
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Morphologic Changes of Apical Foramen and Microcrack Formation after Foraminal Enlargement: A Scanning Electron Microscopic and Micro–computed Tomographic Analysis. J Endod 2020; 46:1726-1732. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2020.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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17
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Rover G, Lima CO, Belladonna FG, Garcia LFR, Bortoluzzi EA, Silva EJNL, Teixeira CS. Influence of minimally invasive endodontic access cavities on root canal shaping and filling ability, pulp chamber cleaning and fracture resistance of extracted human mandibular incisors. Int Endod J 2020; 53:1530-1539. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.13378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Rover
- Department of Dentistry Federal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis SCBrazil
| | - C. O. Lima
- Department of Endodontics State University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de JaneiroRJBrazil
| | - F. G. Belladonna
- Department of Endodontics Fluminense Federal University NiteróiRJBrazil
| | - L. F. R. Garcia
- Department of Dentistry Federal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis SCBrazil
| | - E. A. Bortoluzzi
- Department of Dentistry Federal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis SCBrazil
| | - E. J. N. L. Silva
- Department of Endodontics State University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de JaneiroRJBrazil
- Department of Endodontics Fluminense Federal University NiteróiRJBrazil
- Department of Endodontics Grande Rio University Duque de Caxias RJ Brazil
| | - C. S. Teixeira
- Department of Dentistry Federal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis SCBrazil
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18
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Gündoğar M, Uslu G, Özyürek T, Plotino G. Comparison of the cyclic fatigue resistance of VDW.ROTATE, TruNatomy, 2Shape, and HyFlex CM nickel-titanium rotary files at body temperature. Restor Dent Endod 2020; 45:e37. [PMID: 32839718 PMCID: PMC7431933 DOI: 10.5395/rde.2020.45.e37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aims to compare the cyclic fatigue resistance of VDW.ROTATE, TruNatomy, 2Shape, and HyFlex CM nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary files at body temperature. Materials and Methods In total, 80 VDW.ROTATE (25/0.04), TruNatomy (26/0.04), 2Shape (25/0.04), and HyFlex CM (25/0.04) NiTi rotary files (n = 20 in each group) were subjected to static cyclic fatigue testing at body temperature (37°C) in stainless-steel artificial canals prepared according to the size and taper of the instruments until fracture occurred. The number of cycles to fracture (NCF) was calculated, and the lengths of the fractured fragments were measured. The data were statistically analyzed using a 1-way analysis of variance and post hoc Tamhane tests at the 5% significance level (p < 0.05). Results There were significant differences in the cyclic fatigue resistance among the groups (p < 0.05), with the highest to lowest NCF values of the files as follows: VDW.ROTATE, HyFlex CM, 2Shape, and TruNatomy. There was no significant difference in the lengths of the fractured fragments among the groups. The scanning electron microscope images of the files revealed typical characteristics of fracture due to cyclic fatigue. Conclusions The VDW.ROTATE files had the highest cyclic fatigue resistance, and the TruNatomy and 2Shape files had the lowest cyclic fatigue resistance in artificial canals at body temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Gündoğar
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, İstanbul Medipol University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Gülşah Uslu
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Taha Özyürek
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Haupt F, Pult JRW, Hülsmann M. Micro–computed Tomographic Evaluation of the Shaping Ability of 3 Reciprocating Single-File Nickel-Titanium Systems on Single- and Double-Curved Root Canals. J Endod 2020; 46:1130-1135. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2020.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Razcha C, Zacharopoulos A, Anestis D, Mikrogeorgis G, Zacharakis G, Lyroudia K. Micro-Computed Tomographic Evaluation of Canal Transportation and Centering Ability of 4 Heat-Treated Nickel-Titanium Systems. J Endod 2020; 46:675-681. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2020.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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