1
|
De-Deus G, Arashiro FN, Souza EM, Silva EJNL, Guimarães TDM, Maciel ACDC, Oliveira DDS, Belladonna FG, Lopes RT, Versiani MA. The impact of long-term storage conditions on the development of experimental dentinal microcracks. AUST ENDOD J 2024; 50:60-68. [PMID: 37876340 DOI: 10.1111/aej.12806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the impact of long-term storage conditions (medium and time) on the development of experimental dentinal microcracks through micro-computed tomography. Sixty freshly extracted premolars were stored in formalin, water, or dry conditions (n = 20) and scanned after 72 h, 30 days, 6 months and 3 years of extraction. The effect of the storage medium and time on the occurrence of dentinal defects was statistically evaluated. A total of 211 000 images were screened revealing the existence of 11 519 slices with dentinal defects. Dry conditions significantly contributed to the development of new defects in all time points. During the 3-year follow-up period, no new defects were detected in the teeth that were stored in water and, in a single tooth, in the formalin group, after 6 months of storage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo De-Deus
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fabio Nakao Arashiro
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Erick Miranda Souza
- Department of Dentistry II, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal Silva
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Endodontics, Grande Rio University, Duque de Caxias, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Ricardo Tadeu Lopes
- Nuclear Engineering Program, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marco Aurélio Versiani
- Dental Specialty Center, Brazilian Military Police, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Silva EJNL, Martins JNR, Versiani MA. Advancing insights in contemporary endodontics: Proposing a multimethod approach for comprehensive evaluation of NiTi instruments. Int Endod J 2024; 57:116-118. [PMID: 38072826 DOI: 10.1111/iej.14009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal Silva
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jorge N R Martins
- Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Grupo de Investigação em Bioquimica e Biologia Oral, Unidade de Investigação em Ciências Orais e Biomédicas (UICOB), Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Centro de Estudo de Medicina Dentária Baseada na Evidência (CEMDBE) - Cochrane Portugal, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Marco Aurélio Versiani
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
- Oral Health Center, Brazilian Military Police, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Belladonna FG, Guimarães TDM, Silva EJNL, Vieira EDO, Lee JK, Rodrigues EDA, Souza EM, Versiani MA. Exploring the Efficacy of 6 Preparation Systems for Achieving Minimal Root Canal Transportation: A Micro-CT Investigation. J Endod 2023; 49:1722-1732. [PMID: 37717910 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2023.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to assess the canal transportation with 6 preparation systems. METHODS Sixty curved mesial roots of mandibular molars were scanned, and their root canals (n = 20 per group) were prepared with XP-endo Shaper, BioRace, ProTaper Next, Twisted File Adaptive, Reciproc, or Reciproc Blue systems. After preparation, a new scan was conducted, and transportation was determined by comparing the geometric center of the canal in 13,542 cross-sectional slices. The transport direction frequencies were recorded, and linear transport were compared using a Univariate GLM model and Tukey honestly significant difference tests (α = 5 %). RESULTS Transportation was affected by the preparation system and root third (P < .05), with no significant effect observed for the root canal (P > .05). The Twisted File Adaptive had the highest transport (P < .05), and the lowest transports were observed with XP-endo Shaper, ProTaper Next, and BioRace (P < .05). Reciproc Blue and Reciproc showed intermediate results (P < .05). The apical and coronal third exhibited the lowest and highest transportation, respectively (P < .05). A significant interaction was observed between the preparation system and root third (P < .05). In the coronal third, transportation was mostly toward the disto-inside direction, whereas in the middle and apical thirds, transportation was predominantly toward the mesio-outside direction. CONCLUSIONS XP-endo Shaper had the lowest mean linear transportation followed by the ProTaper Next, BioRace, Reciproc Blue, and Reciproc systems. The Twisted File Adaptive system had the worst performance. The direction of transportation was generally toward the inner aspect of the canal at the coronal third and toward the outer aspect of the curve at the middle and apical thirds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal Silva
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Department of Endodontics, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Jong-Ki Lee
- Private Practice, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Erick Miranda Souza
- Department of Dentistry II, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Barbosa AFA, de Lima CO, Antunes BR, Sassone LM, Versiani MA, da Silva EJNL. Effect of the progressive taper enlargement of buccal root canals of three-rooted maxillary molars: A stepwise micro-CT study. AUST ENDOD J 2023; 49:700-710. [PMID: 37489612 DOI: 10.1111/aej.12782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated unprepared canal areas, volume of dentine removal, and dentine thickness after the progressive enlargement of the buccal canals of 22 maxillary molars, with and without the MB2, using instruments with the same tip size (0.25 mm) but 4 different tapers (0.03, 0.05, 0.06 and 0.08 v). Micro-CT scans were performed after each instrument. Data were compared using a general linear mixed model post hoc comparisons with Kenward-Roger for Wald F tests (α = 5%). After each treatment step, it was observed an increase in the percentage volume of removed dentine and a decrease in the unprepared areas and dentine thickness at the pericervical region of all canals (p < 0.05). The percentage reduction of dentine thickness in MB2 canal was higher than in the mesiobuccal and distobuccal canals (p < 0.05). Knowledge of pre-operative dimensions and dentine thickness before enlargement of buccal canals of maxillary molars is an important factor to avoid excessive dentine removal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Flávia Almeida Barbosa
- Departament of Endodontics, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carolina Oliveira de Lima
- Departament of Endodontics, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares, Brazil
| | - Bernardo Rempto Antunes
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luciana Moura Sassone
- Departament of Endodontics, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal da Silva
- Departament of Endodontics, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Martins JNR, Silva EJNL, Marques D, Pinto R, Francisco H, Ajuz N, Rito Pereira M, Braz Fernandes FM, Versiani MA. Characterization of four heat-treated reciprocating instruments: Design, metallurgy, mechanical performance, and irrigation flow patterns. Int Endod J 2023; 56:1412-1428. [PMID: 37698946 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
AIM To compare the design, metallurgy, and mechanical properties of four heat-treated reciprocating instruments coupled with the evaluation of the irrigation flow using an in silico model. METHODOLOGY New EdgeOne Fire Primary, Easy-File Flex Regular 25, WaveOne Gold Primary and Reciproc Blue R25 instruments (n = 124) were initially evaluated regarding their design through stereomicroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and 3D surface scanning. In addition, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy was utilized to determine their elemental composition, and differential scanning calorimetry tests to evaluate their phase transformation temperatures. Their mechanical performance was further assessed through torsional and bending tests. Using scans obtained from a real tooth and the instruments, a computational fluid dynamics assessment was conducted to determine the irrigation flow pattern, apical pressure, and wall shear stress in simulated canal preparation. Mood's median and One-way anova post hoc Tukey tests were used for statistical comparisons (α = 5%). RESULTS Reciproc Blue exhibited a superior number of blades (n = 8), whereas EdgeOne Fire had the highest overall volume (4.38 mm3 ) and surface area (32.32 mm2 ). At the 3-mm axial level, EdgeOne Fire displayed the lowest core diameter (0.13 mm), while Reciproc Blue had the highest (0.16 mm). All blades were symmetrical, and the tips of the instruments were non-active but differed from each other. The most irregular surfaces were observed in EdgeOne Fire and Easy-File Flex. All instruments were manufactured from nickel-titanium alloys and exhibited distinct phase transformation temperatures. WaveOne Gold and Reciproc Blue demonstrated the highest maximum torque values (1.87 and 1.62 N cm, respectively), while the lowest was observed on EdgeOne Fire (1.21 N cm) (p < .05). The most flexible (p < .05) were EdgeOne Fire (angle of rotation: 602.6°; maximum bending load: 251.4 g.f) and Reciproc Blue (533.2° and 235.6 g.f). There were no significant differences observed in the irrigation flow among the four domains generated by the tested instruments. CONCLUSIONS Despite observing variations in the design, phase transformation temperatures, and in the torsional and bending test outcomes among the four heat-treated reciprocating instruments, no significant differences were found in the irrigation flow pattern among the different groups in the simulated root canal preparations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge N R Martins
- Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Grupo de Investigação em Bioquimica e Biologia Oral, Unidade de Investigação em Ciências Orais e Biomédicas (UICOB), Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Centro de Estudo de Medicina Dentária Baseada na Evidência (CEMDBE)-Cochrane Portugal, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Instituto de Implantologia, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal Silva
- School of Dentistry, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Fluminense Federal University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Duarte Marques
- Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Grupo de Investigação em Bioquimica e Biologia Oral, Unidade de Investigação em Ciências Orais e Biomédicas (UICOB), Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Centro de Estudo de Medicina Dentária Baseada na Evidência (CEMDBE)-Cochrane Portugal, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Instituto de Implantologia, Lisboa, Portugal
- LIBPhys-FCT UID/FIS/04559/2013, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Pinto
- Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Grupo de Investigação em Bioquimica e Biologia Oral, Unidade de Investigação em Ciências Orais e Biomédicas (UICOB), Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Instituto de Implantologia, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Helena Francisco
- Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Instituto de Implantologia, Lisboa, Portugal
- Grupo de Investigação Implantologia e Regeneração Óssea (UICOB), Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Natasha Ajuz
- School of Dentistry, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mário Rito Pereira
- Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Francisco Manuel Braz Fernandes
- CENIMAT/I3N, Department of Materials Science, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Alak SG, Keleş A, Keskin C, Martins JNR, Versiani MA. Age-related changes in the morphology of the root canal system of mandibular first molars: a micro-CT study. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:4667-4675. [PMID: 37247087 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05093-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate changes on root canal morphology in patients with different ages using micro-CT technology. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mandibular first molars (n = 150) were scanned at a pixel size of 13.68 µm, categorized into 3 groups according to patient's age and analyzed regarding configuration, orifices, apical foramina, root length, canal volume, and surface area. Morphological 2D and 3D parameters were evaluated in distal roots with Type I configuration (n = 109) as well as the morphology of isthmuses Types I and III in 68 mesial roots. One-way ANOVA post hoc Tukey and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for statistical analyses (α = 5%). RESULTS A great variation in the canal configuration was found. No difference was observed in roots' length (p > 0.05). Canal volume reduced with age (p < 0.05), while surface area increased (p < 0.05) in patients ≤ 30 years. There was no difference in canal/root length, area, and from foramen to the apex in distal roots with Type I configuration (p > 0.05), but 2D and 3D parameters significantly decreased with age (p < 0.05). Overall, the diameter of the isthmuses' roof reduced with age (p < 0.05). In patients ≥ 31 years with Type III isthmus the distance from the isthmus floor to the foramen of the mesiolingual canal also decreased (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Overall, the internal morphology of the mesial roots of mandibular first molars was more affected by aging than distal canals. The most relevant tested parameter that significantly reduced in both roots was the volume of the root canal systems. CLINICAL RELEVANCE A detailed evaluation of fine anatomical aspects of the root canal system of mandibular first molars of patients with different ages showed that the internal morphology of mesial roots is more affected by aging than distal canals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ali Keleş
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey.
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey.
| | - Cangül Keskin
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Jorge N R Martins
- Department of Endodontics, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Unidade de Investigação em Ciências Orais e Biomédicas (UICOB), Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Centro de Estudo de Medicina Dentária Baseada na Evidência (CEMDBE), Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Versiani MA, Martins J, Ordinola-Zapata R. Anatomical complexities affecting root canal preparation: a narrative review. Aust Dent J 2023; 68 Suppl 1:S5-S23. [PMID: 37984802 DOI: 10.1111/adj.12992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
A fundamental aspect of the Endodontic field is the knowledge of root canal anatomy. Using a variety of techniques, the internal and external anatomy of teeth have been extensively investigated throughout the past century. Recent improvements in three-dimensional computed tomography have enabled more detailed evaluations of root canal morphology in both clinical and laboratory settings. Essentially, researches have unveiled that the root canal constitutes a complex system, comprising not only the main root canal but also lateral components, including isthmuses, fins, accessory canals and apical ramifications. Undoubtedly, this intricate morphology poses a significant challenge when it comes to the process of shaping, cleaning and disinfecting the root canal system. This article aims to explore the anatomical aspects of the root canal system that impact the chemomechanical procedures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M A Versiani
- Dental Specialty Center, Brazilian Military Police, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Jnr Martins
- Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Grupo de Investigação em Bioquímica e Biologia Oral, Unidade de Investigação em Ciências Orais e Biomédicas (UICOB), Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Centro de Estudo de Medicina Dentária Baseada na Evidência (CEMDBE) - Cochrane Portugal, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - R Ordinola-Zapata
- Endodontic Division, Department of Restorative Sciences, University of Minnesota School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Martins JNR, Silva EJNL, Baruwa AO, da Costa RP, Fernandes FMB, Versiani MA. Comparative analysis of reciprocating and flat side heat-treated rotary single-file systems: design, metallurgical characteristics, and mechanical performance. Int Endod J 2023. [PMID: 37029571 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
AIM To compare through a multimethod assessment two flat side single-file rotary instruments with three single-file reciprocating systems. METHODOLOGY A total of 290 new NiTi single-file rotary (AF F One Blue 25/0.06 and Platinum V.EU 25/0.06) and reciprocating (One Files Blue R25, Reciproc Blue R25, Reciproc R25) instruments were selected, carefully examined for any major deformations, and evaluated regarding their macroscopic and microscopic design, nickel and titanium elements ratio, phase transformation temperatures and mechanical performance (time/rotation to fracture, maximum torque, angle of rotation, microhardness, maximum bending and buckling strengths). Nonparametric Mood's median, one-way ANOVA post hoc Tukey, and T-test statistical tests were used (α=5%). RESULTS Tested instruments had identical blade counts and near-identical helical angles of approximately 24° (rotary instruments) and 151° (reciprocating instruments). The flat side analysis revealed a few inconsistencies, such as discontinuity segments, different orientations, and gaps in the homogeneity of the bluish color. Microscopically, flat side instruments exhibited blade discontinuity and an incomplete S-shaped cross-section. The surface finish was smoother for One Files Blue and more irregular for both rotary instruments. There were distinct phase transformation temperatures among all instruments. All heat-treated instruments were in an R-phase arrangement, and Reciproc was in an R-phase plus austenite at test temperature (20°C). Compared to the reciprocating instruments, both flat side instruments exhibited lower results in the cyclic fatigue tests using two clockwise kinematics, maximum torque, angle of rotation, and maximum buckling strength (p<0.05). The rotary systems also exhibited low flexibility (p<0.05). AF F One Blue had the lowest microhardness, while Reciproc had the highest value. CONCLUSION This multimethod investigation revealed that the flat side rotary instruments underperformed the reciprocating instruments regarding cyclic fatigue (with two different clockwise kinematics), maximum torque, angle of rotation, maximum buckling strength, and flexibility. Manufacturing inconsistencies were also observed in some of the flat side instruments, including discontinuity segments, different orientations, and in the homogeneity of their bluish color given by the heat treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J N R Martins
- Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Grupo de Investigação em Bioquimica e Biologia Oral, Unidade de Investigação em Ciências Orais e Biomédicas (UICOB), Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Centro de Estudo de Medicina Dentária Baseada na Evidência (CEMDBE) - Cochrane Portugal, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - E J N L Silva
- School of Dentistry, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Fluminense Federal University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - A O Baruwa
- Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - R Pereira da Costa
- Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - F M Braz Fernandes
- CENIMAT/I3N, Department of Materials Science, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Caparica, Portugal
| | - M A Versiani
- Dental Specialty Center, Brazilian Military Police, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Martins JNR, Silva EJNL, Marques D, Ajuz N, Rito Pereira M, Pereira da Costa R, Braz Fernandes FM, Versiani MA. Characterization of the file-specific heat-treated ProTaper Ultimate rotary system. Int Endod J 2023; 56:530-542. [PMID: 36508297 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIM To compare design, metallurgy and mechanical performance of the ProTaper (PT) Ultimate system with instruments of similar dimensions from the ProGlider, PT Gold and PT Universal systems. METHODOLOGY New PT Ultimate instruments (n = 248) were compared with instruments of similar dimensions from ProGlider (n = 31), PT Gold (n = 155) and PT Universal (n = 155) systems regarding their number of spirals, helical angle, blade symmetry, tip geometry, surface finishing, nickel/titanium ratio, phase transformation temperatures and mechanical performance. One-way anova and nonparametric Mood's median tests were used for statistical comparison (α = 5%). RESULTS All instruments had symmetrical blades without radial lands or flat sides, similar surface finishing and an almost equiatomic nickel/titanium ratio, whilst the number of spirals, helical angles and the tip geometry were different. PT Ultimate instruments showed 3 distinct heat treatments that matched with the colour of their metal wire. Slider and ProGlider instruments had similar R-phase start (Rs) and R-phase finish (Rf) temperatures. SX, F1, F2, F3 and Shaper instruments showed equivalent heat treatments (Rs ~45.6°C and Rf ~28.3°C) that were similar to their PT Gold counterparts (Rs ~47.9°C and Rf ~28.2°C), but completely distinct to the PT Universal ones (Rs ~16.2°C and Rf ~-18.2°C). Amongst the PT Ultimate instruments, the lowest maximum torques were observed in the SX (0.44 N cm), Slider (0.45 N cm) and Shaper (0.60 N cm) instruments, whilst the highest was noted in the FXL (4.90 N cm). PT Ultimate Slider and ProGlider had similar torsional (~0.40 N cm) and bending loads (~145.0 gf) (p = 1.000), whilst the other PT Ultimate instruments showed statistically significantly lower maximum torque, higher angle of rotation and lower bending load (higher flexibility) than their counterparts of the PT Universal and PT Gold systems. CONCLUSIONS The PT Ultimate system comprises instruments with 3 distinct heat treatments that showed similar phase transformation temperatures to their heat-treated analogues. PT Ultimate instruments presented lower torsional strength and superior flexibility than their counterparts, whilst maximum torque, angle of rotation and bending loads progressively increased with their sizes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge N R Martins
- Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Grupo de Investigação em Bioquimica e Biologia Oral, Unidade de Investigação em Ciências Orais e Biomédicas (UICOB), Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Centro de Estudo de Medicina Dentária Baseada na Evidência (CEMDBE) - Cochrane Portugal, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal Silva
- School of Dentistry, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Fluminense Federal University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Duarte Marques
- Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Grupo de Investigação em Bioquimica e Biologia Oral, Unidade de Investigação em Ciências Orais e Biomédicas (UICOB), Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Centro de Estudo de Medicina Dentária Baseada na Evidência (CEMDBE) - Cochrane Portugal, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,LIBPhys-FCT UID/FIS/04559/2013, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Natasha Ajuz
- School of Dentistry, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mário Rito Pereira
- Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | - Francisco Manuel Braz Fernandes
- CENIMAT/I3N, Department of Materials Science, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
De-Deus G, Cozer V, Souza EM, Silva EJNL, Belladonna FG, Simões-Carvalho M, Versiani MA. Clinical accuracy and precision of 3 multi-frequency electronic apex locators assessed through micro-CT imaging. J Endod 2023; 49:487-495. [PMID: 36848949 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2023.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to compare the in vivo accuracy and precision of 3 electronic apex locators (EALs) in determining the position of the major foramen using micro-computed tomographic (micro-CT) technology. METHODS After access preparation of 23 necrotic or vital teeth from 5 patients, canals were negotiated and hand files were used to determine the position of the foramen with 3 EALs: Propex Pixi, Woodpex III and Root ZX II. After fixing the silicon stop to the file, teeth were extracted and scanned in a micro-CT device with and without the instrument inserted into the canal. Datasets were co-registered, and the accuracy and precision of the EALs were determined at a tolerance level of ± 0.5 mm by measuring the distance from the tip of the instruments to a tangential line crossing the margins of the foramen. Statistical comparisons were performed using Friedman with post hoc Related Samples Sign and Spearman tests (α = 5%). RESULTS A significant difference was detected comparing the accuracy of Root ZX II (100%), Woodpex III (86.96%) and Propex Pixi (52.17%) (P < .05). There was a lack of significance in the relationship between the pulp status and the accuracy of tested EALs (P > .05). Propex Pixi was significantly less precise than Root ZX II (P < .05), while no difference was found between Woodpex III to either Root ZX II or Propex Pixi (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS EALs presented similar precision, but Woodpex III and Root ZX II showed better accuracy to determine the position of the apical foramen than Propex Pixi.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo De-Deus
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Viviany Cozer
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Erick Miranda Souza
- Department of Dentistry II, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão
| | - Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal Silva
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Department of Endodontics, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Marco Simões-Carvalho
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marco Aurélio Versiani
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Dental Specialty Center, Brazilian Military Police, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Silva EJNL, Martins JNR, Ajuz NC, Dos Santos Antunes H, Vieira VTL, Braz-Fernandes FM, Belladonna FG, Versiani MA. Design, metallurgy, mechanical properties, and shaping ability of 3 heat-treated reciprocating systems: a multimethod investigation. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:2427-2436. [PMID: 36749411 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-04899-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to compare 3 reciprocating systems regarding design, metallurgy, mechanical properties, and shaping ability. MATERIALS AND METHODS New Reciproc Blue R25, WaveOne Gold Primary, and REX 25 instruments (n=41 per group) were analyzed regarding design, metallurgy, and mechanical performance, while shaping ability (untouched canal walls, volume of removed dentin, and hard tissue debris) was tested in 36 anatomically matched root canals of mandibular molars. Results were compared using one-way ANOVA post hoc Tukey and Kruskal-Wallis tests with a significant level set at 5%. RESULTS All instruments showed symmetrical cross sections with asymmetrical blades, no radial lands, no major defects, and an almost equiatomic nickel and titanium ratio. The highest R-phase start temperatures were observed with WaveOne Gold (46.1°C) and REX (44.8°C), while Reciproc Blue had the lowest R-phase start (34.5°C) and finish (20°C) temperatures. WaveOne Gold had the lowest time to fracture (169 s) and the highest maximum load (301.6 gf) (P <0.05). The maximum torque of Reciproc Blue (2.2 N.cm) and WaveOne Gold (2.1 N.cm) were similar (P >0.05), but lower than REX (2.6 N.cm) (P <0.05). No statistical differences were observed among instruments in the angle of rotation (P >0.05) and in the shaping ability in both mesial and distal canals (P >0.05). CONCLUSION Although the overall design, temperature transition phases and mechanical behavior parameters were different among tested instruments, they were similar in terms of shaping ability. CLINICAL RELEVANCE All tested heat-treated NiTi reciprocating systems showed similar shaping ability, without clinically significant errors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel J N L Silva
- Department of Endodontics, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. .,Departament of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil. .,Department of Endodontics, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Jorge N R Martins
- Department of Endodontics, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Unidade de Investigação em Ciências Orais e Biomédicas (UICOB), Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Centro de Estudo de Medicina Dentária Baseada na Evidência (CEMDBE), Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Natasha C Ajuz
- Department of Endodontics, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | | | - Francisco Manuel Braz-Fernandes
- CENIMAT/I3N, Department of Materials Science, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
De-Deus G, Cozer V, Souza EM, Silva EJNL, Wigler R, Belladonna FG, Simões-Carvalho M, Versiani MA. Micro-CT study of the in vivo accuracy of a wireless electronic apex locator. J Endod 2022; 48:1152-1160. [PMID: 35780927 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2022.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to compare the in vivo accuracy of Wirele-X and RootZX II electronic apex locators (EALs) in determining the position of the major foramen using micro-CT as analytical tool. METHODS Eleven vital teeth from 5 patients planned for extraction were used. After conventional access cavity preparation, root canals were flared and negotiated up to the apical third with sizes 08 and 10 K-files followed by irrigation with 2.5% NaOCl. K-type files were used to determine the working length of the selected canals using Root ZX II and Wirele-X apex locators until their numeric displays read '0.0'. After fixing the silicon stop to the file, teeth were extracted and imaged in a micro-CT device using a double-scan protocol. Image stacks, with and without the file in the root canal, were then co-registered and the measurement error calculated as the absolute difference between the tip of the file and the major foramen. Positive and negative values were recorded when the file tip was detected beyond or short the major foramen, respectively. Accuracy was determined on stable measurements within ± 0.5 mm when the file tip did not extend beyond the major foramen. The Chi-square test was applied to compare the ability of the EALs to detect the position of the major foramen, while T test for dependent variables was used to verify differences in the two measurements obtained in each tooth. Significance level was set at 5%. RESULTS Within a tolerance level of ± 0.5 mm, no significant differences were observed between the tested EALs regarding the absolute distance values (p=0.82) or in their ability to detect the position of the major foramen (Χ2=0.2588; p=0.6109). The accuracy of the Root ZX II and the Wirele-X apex locators within ± 0.5 mm were 81.8% and 90.9%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Root ZX II and Wirele-X performed similarly regarding the in vivo detection of the major foramen. Using strict criteria, the accuracy of the Root ZX II and the Wirele-X apex locators were 81.8% and 90.9%, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo De-Deus
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Viviany Cozer
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Erick Miranda Souza
- Department of Dentistry II, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão
| | - Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal Silva
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Department of Endodontics, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ronald Wigler
- Department of Endodontology, Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Marco Simões-Carvalho
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marco Aurélio Versiani
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Dental Specialty Center, Brazilian Military Police, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
De-Deus G, Souza EM, Silva EJNL, Belladonna FG, Simões-Carvalho M, Moreira Cavalcante D, Versiani MA. A critical analysis of research methods and experimental models to study root canal fillings. Int Endod J 2022; 55 Suppl 2:384-445. [PMID: 35226760 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Canal filling materials and techniques have been one of the most studied topics in Endodontics. A simple search using the mesh term "root canal filling" in PubMed revealed more than 11,000 articles, an impressive number that is much higher than "root canal disinfection" (5,544 articles) or even the popular "root canal preparation" (8,527 articles). The overriding importance attributed to root filling procedures is not merely intuitive. It derived from the appealing relevance given by the appearance of the white lines in common radiographs grounded on retrospective clinical data that had identified the quality of a root filling as one of the major causes of treatment failure (lack of healing). Since the publication of the Washington study, impressive efforts have been made for the release of new materials and techniques, as well as, for the development of a plethora of laboratory methods to assess the quality of root filling procedures. This narrative review aims to address and discuss the most relevant laboratory methods to assess the root canal filling. Since filling quality improvements have not translated into higher success rates, as reported in longitudinal clinical studies, more than to deliver a simple methodology-based review, this paper aims to present an in-depth critical view on the assessment of laboratory methods used to study the filling materials and techniques. Recent data indicate that the long-term dimensional stability/degradation over time of endodontic sealers plays a central role in the treatment outcome. In this context, laboratory methods should be developed focusing on predicting, at least to some degree, the long-term clinical behaviour of root canal fillings, rather than simply ranking different materials or techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo De-Deus
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Erick Miranda Souza
- Department of Dentistry II, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão
| | - Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal Silva
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Department of Endodontics, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Marco Simões-Carvalho
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Silva EJNL, de Lima CO, Barbosa AFA, Lopes RT, Sassone LM, Versiani MA. The impact of TruNatomy and ProTaper Gold instruments on the preservation of the periradicular dentin and on the enlargement of the apical canal of mandibular molars. J Endod 2022; 48:650-658. [PMID: 35181453 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2022.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to evaluate the preservation of the periradicular dentin and the enlargement of the apical canal of mandibular molars with TruNatomy and ProTaper Gold instruments. METHODS Twenty mandibular molars were scanned in a micro-CT device, anatomically paired, and distributed into 2 groups (n=10). In the ProTaper Gold group, mesial and distal canals were prepared up to F2 (25/.08v) and F3 (30/.09v) instruments, while in the TruNatomy group, mesial and distal canals were enlarged until Prime (26/.04v) and Medium (36/.03v) instruments, respectively. After a new scan, surface area, volume, unprepared areas, transportation, percentage of dentin removal, and dentin thickness parameters were calculated. Data were compared between groups using Mann-Whitney, Student t-test, and the non-metric multidimensional scaling test with alpha set at 5%. RESULTS No difference was found between groups regarding unprepared canal areas and reduction of dentin thickness (P > 0.05). Transportation was lower than 0.1 mm in all groups and statistical differences were observed only at the apical third of the mesiobuccal canal with lower values in the TruNatomy group. ProTaper Gold removed more dentin than TruNatomy at the coronal level of mesial roots (1.8% and 1.0%, respectively) (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS TruNatomy and ProTaper Gold were efficient for performing canal preparation in mandibular molars. The tested systems were similar in terms of untouched canal walls and remaining dentin thickness, and slightly different in the apical transportation of mesial canals and percentage of dentin removal at the coronal third, but without clinically significant errors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel J N L Silva
- Departament of Endodontics, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Ricardo Tadeu Lopes
- Nuclear Engineering Program, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luciana Moura Sassone
- Departament of Endodontics, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Silva EJNL, De-Deus G, Souza EM, Belladonna FG, Cavalcante DM, Simões-Carvalho M, Versiani MA. Present status and future directions - Minimal endodontic access cavities. Int Endod J 2022; 55 Suppl 3:531-587. [PMID: 35100441 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In the last decades, the move of Medicine towards minimally invasive treatments is notorious and scientifically grounded. As Dentistry naturally follows its footsteps, minimal access preparation also became a trend topic in the endodontic field. This procedure aims to maximize preservation of dentine tissue, backed up by the idea that this is an effective way to reduce the incidence of post-treatment tooth fracture. However, with the assessment of the body of evidence on this topic, it is possible to observe some key-points (a) the demand for nomenclature standardization, (b) the requirement of specific tools such as ultra-flexible instruments, visual magnification, superior illumination, and three-dimensional imaging technology, (c) minimally invasive treatment does not seem to affect orifice location and mechanical preparation when using adequate armamentarium, but it (d) may impair adequate canal cleaning, disinfection, and filling procedures, and also (e) it displays contradictory results regarding the ability to increase the tooth strengthen compared to the traditional access cavity. In spite of that, it is undeniable that methodological flaws of some benchtop studies using extracted teeth may be responsible for the conflicting data, thus triggering the need for more sophisticated devices/facilities and specifically designed research in an attempt to make it clear the role of the access size/design on long-term teeth survival. Moreover, it is inevitable that a clinical approach like minimal endodontic access cavities that demands complex tools and skilled and experienced operators bring to the fore doubts on its educational impact mainly when confronted with the conflicting scientific output, ultimately provoking a cost-benefit analysis of its implementation as a routine technique. In addition, this review discusses the ongoing scientific and clinical status of minimally invasive access cavities aiming to input an in-depth and unbiased view over the rationale behind them, uncovering not only the related conceptual and scientific flaws, but also outlining future directions for research and clinical practices. The conclusions attempt to skip from passionate disputes highlighting the current body of evidence as weak and incomplete to guide decision making, demanding the development of a close-to-in-situ laboratory model or a large and well-controlled clinical trial to solve this matter.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal Silva
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gustavo De-Deus
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Erick Miranda Souza
- Department of Dentistry II, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão
| | | | | | - Marco Simões-Carvalho
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Martins JNR, Silva EJNL, Marques D, Belladonna FG, Simões-Carvalho M, da Costa RP, Ginjeira A, Braz Fernandes FM, Versiani MA. Comparison of five rotary systems regarding design, metallurgy, mechanical performance, and canal preparation-a multimethod research. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 26:3299-3310. [PMID: 34860307 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-04311-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare the design, metallurgy, mechanical performance, and canal preparation of 5 rotary systems. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 735 25-mm NiTi instruments (sizes 0.17[0.18]/.02v, 0.20/.04v, 0.20/.07v, 0.25/.08v, 0.30/.09v) from ProTaper Gold, ProTaper Universal, Premium Taper Gold, Go-Taper Flex, and U-File systems were compared regarding overall geometry and surface finishing (stereomicroscopy and scanning electron microscopy), nickel and titanium ratio (energy-dispersive spectroscopy), phase transformation temperatures (differential scanning calorimetry), mechanical performance (torsional and bending tests), and unprepared canal surface (micro-CT). One-way ANOVA and Mood's median tests were used for statistical comparisons with a significance level set at 5%. RESULTS Stereomicroscopic analysis showed more spirals and high helical angles in the Premium Taper Gold system. All sets of instruments had symmetrical spirals, no radial lands, no major defects, and an almost equiatomic ratio between nickel and titanium elements, while differences were observed in their tips' geometry and surface finishing. At room temperature (20 °C), DSC test revealed martensitic characteristics for ProTaper Gold and Go-Taper Flex, and mixed austenite plus R-phase for the Premium Taper Gold, while ProTaper Universal and U-Files had full austenitic characteristics. Overall, larger instruments had higher torque resistance and bending load values than smaller ones, while a lack of consistency and mixed values were observed in the angle of rotation. The 0.25/.08v and 0.30/.09v instruments of ProTaper Universal and U-File had the highest maximum torques, the lowest angles of rotation, and the highest bending loads than other tested systems (P < .05). No significant difference was noted regarding the untouched root canal walls after preparation with the tested systems (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS Although differences observed in the overall geometry and phase transformation temperatures have influenced the results of mechanical tests, unprepared canal surface areas were equivalent among systems. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Root canal preparation systems with similar geometries might present different mechanical behaviors but equivalent shaping ability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge N R Martins
- Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Cidade Universitária, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal.
- Grupo de Investigação Em Bioquimica E Biologia Oral, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Unidade de Investigação Em Ciências Orais E Biomédicas (UICOB), Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
- Centro de Estudo de Medicina Dentária Baseada Na Evidência (CEMDBE) - Cochrane Portugal, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal Silva
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Duarte Marques
- Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Cidade Universitária, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal
- Grupo de Investigação Em Bioquimica E Biologia Oral, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Unidade de Investigação Em Ciências Orais E Biomédicas (UICOB), Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Centro de Estudo de Medicina Dentária Baseada Na Evidência (CEMDBE) - Cochrane Portugal, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- LIBPhys-FCT UID/FIS/04559/2013, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Marco Simões-Carvalho
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rui Pereira da Costa
- Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Cidade Universitária, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - António Ginjeira
- Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Cidade Universitária, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal
- Grupo de Investigação Em Bioquimica E Biologia Oral, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Unidade de Investigação Em Ciências Orais E Biomédicas (UICOB), Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Francisco Manuel Braz Fernandes
- CENIMAT/I3N, Department of Materials Science, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Marco Aurélio Versiani
- Dental Specialty Center, Brazilian Military Police, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Versiani MA, Cavalcante DM, Belladonna FG, Silva EJNL, Souza EM, De-Deus G. A critical analysis of research methods and experimental models to study dentinal microcracks. Int Endod J 2021; 55 Suppl 1:178-226. [PMID: 34743355 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this narrative review was to discuss the scientific milestones that led to the current understanding of the root dentinal microcrack phenomenon based on the interplay between the usage of micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) as an analytical tool alongside a close-to-mouth experimental model. In 2009, reports on the development of dentinal microcracks in extracted teeth after root canal preparation triggered an awareness of the potential for vertical root fractures (VRFs) of endodontically treated teeth could be developed from defects created by the mechanical stress of nickel-titanium preparation systems on dentine. This assumption was taken for granted, even though no cause-effect relationship had been scientifically demonstrated. Since then, several studies using the sectioning method with extracted teeth have been published and the large discrepancy amongst their outcomes soon become evident. Moreover, the high frequency of reported dentinal microcracks largely contrasted with the clinical incidence of VRFs, raising doubts on their methodological reliability. Using micro-CT technology, it was demonstrated by several studies that, in extracted teeth, dentinal defects already existed before the endodontic procedures, indicating that the initial reports framed a non-existing cause-effect relationship between canal preparation and dentinal microcracks. Although these new findings contributed to a better comprehension of this phenomenon, the misconception that microcracks were the starting point for VRFs was only surpassed with a new in situ approach using fresh cadavers. Surprisingly, microcracks were not identified in sound teeth. As a conclusion, dentinal microcracks in extracted teeth can be considered a non-natural occurrence observed only in a laboratory set-up as a consequence of dehydration and storage conditions. Thus, dentinal microcracks shall not be considered as the starting point for VRFs as they do not manifest in non-extracted teeth. Identifying dentinal microcracks as a laboratory phenomenon highlights the impact of recent scientific developments to disclaim the clinical relevance of laboratory-obtained outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal Silva
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil.,Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Duque de Caxias, Brazil
| | - Erick Miranda Souza
- Department of Dentistry II, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
| | - Gustavo De-Deus
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Martins JNR, Silva EJNL, Marques D, Pereira MR, Arantes-Oliveira S, Martins RF, Braz Fernandes FM, Versiani MA. Evaluation of Design, Metallurgy, Microhardness, and Mechanical Properties of Glide Path Instruments: A Multimethod Approach. J Endod 2021; 47:1917-1923. [PMID: 34537227 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2021.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aims to compare the design, metallurgy, microhardness, and mechanical properties of 3 glide path nickel-titanium (NiTi) instruments. METHODS A total of 132 ProGlider (Dentsply Sirona, Ballaigues, Switzerland), Edge Glide Path (EdgeEndo, Johnson City, TN), and R-Pilot instruments (VDW, Munich, Germany) (44 per group) were selected. Design was assessed through stereomicroscopy (blades, helical angle, measuring lines, and deformation) and scanning electron microscopy (symmetry, cross section, tip, and surface finishing). NiTi ratios were measured by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and phase transformation temperatures by differential scanning calorimetry. Microhardness and mechanical performance (torsion, bending, and buckling resistance tests) were also evaluated. Statistical analyses were performed with the Mood median test with a significance set at 5%. RESULTS The Edge Glide Path had the lowest number of blades and the R-Pilot the greatest helical angle. All instruments had an almost equiatomic NiTi ratio, while showing different cross sections and tip geometries. The Edge Glide Path had a smoother surface finishing. The R-Pilot showed martensitic characteristics at room temperature, whereas mixed austenite plus R-phase was observed in the other instruments. The R-Pilot had higher results on the microhardness (436.8 hardness Vickers number), maximum torsion (0.9 Ncm), and buckling load (0.7 N) tests (P < .05), whereas the Edge Glide Path had a superior angle of rotation (683.5°) and the ProGlider was more flexible (144.1 gf) (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS Differences in the design of the instruments and the phase transformation temperatures accounted for their mechanical behavior. The R-Pilot showed the highest torque, buckling, and microhardness, whereas the ProGlider instrument was the most flexible.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge N R Martins
- Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; Grupo de Investigação em Bioquimica e Biologia Oral, Unidade de Investigação em Ciências Orais e Biomédicas, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; Centro de Estudo de Medicina Dentária Baseada na Evidência, Cochrane Portugal, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal Silva
- School of Dentistry, Grande Rio University, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Duarte Marques
- Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; Grupo de Investigação em Bioquimica e Biologia Oral, Unidade de Investigação em Ciências Orais e Biomédicas, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; Centro de Estudo de Medicina Dentária Baseada na Evidência, Cochrane Portugal, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; LIBPhys-FCT UID/FIS/04559/2013, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Mário Rito Pereira
- Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sofia Arantes-Oliveira
- Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; Grupo de Investigação em Bioquimica e Biologia Oral, Unidade de Investigação em Ciências Orais e Biomédicas, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; LIBPhys-FCT UID/FIS/04559/2013, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rui F Martins
- UNIDEMI, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Francisco Manuel Braz Fernandes
- CENIMAT/I3N, Department of Materials Science, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Martins JNR, Silva EJNL, Marques D, Belladonna F, Simões-Carvalho M, Vieira VTL, Antunes HS, Braz Fernandes FMB, Versiani MA. Design, metallurgical features, mechanical performance and canal preparation of six reciprocating instruments. Int Endod J 2021; 54:1623-1637. [PMID: 33829516 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM To compare six reciprocating instruments regarding their geometric design, metallurgical characteristics, mechanical behaviour and ability to prepare root canals. METHODOLOGY A total of 246 new 25-mm NiTi instruments (41 per group) from six reciprocating systems (Reciproc, Reciproc Blue, One Files, One Files Blue, Reverso Silver, and WaveOne Gold) were evaluated throughout a multimethod approach regarding their design using stereomicroscopy (number of blades and helix angle) and scanning electron microscopy (blades symmetry, cross section and surface finishing), nickel-titanium composition, phase transformation temperatures, mechanical performance (cyclic fatigue, torsional and bending resistance) and unprepared canal surface area on anatomically matched mandibular molars assessed by micro-CT. One-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey's or Mood's median tests were selected depending on sample distribution with significance level set at 5%. RESULTS The instruments had similarities regarding their metal composition and unprepared canal area, whilst differences in phase transformation temperatures and geometric design (number of blades, surface finishing and tip geometry) were observed. Overall, no difference was observed regarding the maximum torque values (P > 0.05), whilst One Files (72 s) and One Files Blue (414 s) had the shortest and longest times to fracture, respectively (P < 0.05). Similar angles of rotation were observed in Reciproc (310°), One Files (285°) and Reverso Silver (318°) instruments (P > 0.05), which were significantly lower than Reciproc Blue (492°), One Files Blue (456°) and WaveOne Gold (492°; P < 0.05). Maximum bending load demonstrated that Reciproc Blue (201.3 gf) was significantly more flexible that the other instruments (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Although there were similarities in metal composition and percentage of unprepared canal surface, the instruments had differences in the overall geometric design, phase transformation temperatures and in the four mechanical resistance parameters (time to fracture, maximum torque, angle of rotation and maximum bending load).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J N R Martins
- Department of Endodontics, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Unidade de Investigação em Ciências Orais e Biomédicas (UICOB), Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Centro de Estudo de Medicina Dentária Baseada na Evidência (CEMDBE), Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - E J N L Silva
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Brazil
| | - D Marques
- Unidade de Investigação em Ciências Orais e Biomédicas (UICOB), Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Centro de Estudo de Medicina Dentária Baseada na Evidência (CEMDBE), Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,LIBPhys-FCT UID/FIS/04559/2013, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - F Belladonna
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Brazil
| | - M Simões-Carvalho
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Brazil
| | - V T L Vieira
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - H S Antunes
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - F M B Braz Fernandes
- CENIMAT/I3N, Department of Materials Science, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - M A Versiani
- Dental Specialty Center, Brazilian Military Police, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Martins JN, Zhang Y, von Zuben M, Vargas W, Seedat HC, Santiago F, Aguilar RR, Ragnarsson MF, Plotino G, Parashos P, Ounsi HF, Nole C, Monroe A, Kottoor J, Gonzalez JA, Flynn D, Chaniotis A, Cassim I, Boveda C, Berti L, Altaki Z, Alkhawas MBA, Alfawaz H, Silva EJL, Versiani MA. Worldwide Prevalence of a Lingual Canal in Mandibular Premolars: A Multicenter Cross-sectional Study with Meta-analysis. J Endod 2021; 47:1253-1264. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2021.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
21
|
Silva EJNL, Lima CO, Barbosa AFA, Augusto CM, Souza EM, Lopes RT, De-Deus G, Versiani MA. Preserving dentine in minimally invasive access cavities does not strength fracture resistance of restored mandibular molars. Int Endod J 2021; 54:966-974. [PMID: 33527413 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the correlation between the volume of dental hard tissues removed and the fracture resistance of mandibular molar teeth with ultraconservative (UltraAC) or traditional (TradAC) access cavity preparations. METHODOLOGY Sixty recently extracted and intact mandibular first molars were scanned in a microcomputed tomographic (micro-CT) device, anatomically matched and assigned at random to 2 groups (n = 30), according to the access cavity type: UltraAC or TradAC. After access preparation, mesial and distal canals were prepared using Reciproc instruments and a new scan was taken. The volumes of pulp chamber and dental hard tissues in each specimen were measured before and after the experimental procedures, and the percentage volume reduction of hard tissues calculated for the entire tooth and for the crown separately. Teeth were then root filled, restored and subjected to fracture resistance tests in an universal testing machine. The force required to fracture was recorded in Newtons (N). The adherence of the variables to a Gaussian curve was verified using a Shapiro-Wilk test. Skewed data were analysed with nonparametric Wilcoxon signed rank or Spearman correlation tests, whilst the normally distributed data were analysed with a dependent samples Student t-test. Level of significance was set at 5%. RESULTS Pre-operatively, no difference was observed between groups regarding the volume of pulp canal space or dental hard tissues (P > 0.05). After access preparation, volumes of the removed hard tissues from the entire tooth and from the crown were significantly greater in teeth prepared with TradAC than with UltraAC (P < 0.05). No significant difference was observed in the fracture resistance values between TradAC (902.9 ± 347.8 N) and UltraAC (948.7 ± 405.7 N) groups (P = 0.975). The Spearman test was unable to identify a correlation between fracture resistance and percentage volume of removed dental hard tissues in the entire root (P = 0.525, r = -0.084) or only in the crown (P = 0.152, r = -0.187). CONCLUSION The volume of hard dental tissues removed, although greater in teeth with TradAC compared to UltraAC, did not correlate with the fracture resistance results, indicating that a minimally invasive access cavity did not increase the resistance of restored mandibular first molars to fracture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E J N L Silva
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - C O Lima
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - A F A Barbosa
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - C M Augusto
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - E M Souza
- Department of Dentistry II, Federal University of Maranhao, São Luis, Brazil
| | - R T Lopes
- Nuclear Engineering Program, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - G De-Deus
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, Brazil
| | - M A Versiani
- Oral Health Center, Brazilian Military Police, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Affiliation(s)
- E J N L Silva
- Department of Endodontics, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, Brazil
| | - M A Versiani
- Dental Specialty Centre, Brazilian Military Police, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - E M Souza
- Department of Dentistry II, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - G De-Deus
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Martins JNR, Silva EJNL, Marques D, Belladonna F, Simões-Carvalho M, Camacho E, Braz Fernandes FM, Versiani MA. Comparison of design, metallurgy, mechanical performance and shaping ability of replica-like and counterfeit instruments of the ProTaper Next system. Int Endod J 2021; 54:780-792. [PMID: 33300121 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To compare the ProTaper Next (PTN) system with a replica-like and a counterfeit system regarding design, metallurgy, mechanical performance and shaping ability. METHODOLOGY Replica-like (X-File) and counterfeit (PTN-CF) instruments were compared to the PTN system regarding design (microscopy), phase transformation temperatures (differential scanning calorimetry), nickel-titanium ratio (energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy), cyclic fatigue, torsional resistance, bending strength, and untouched canal areas in extracted mandibular molars (micro-CT). anova, post hoc Tukey's and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used according to normality assessment (Shapiro-Wilk test) with the significance level set at 5%. RESULTS Overall similarities in design and nickel-titanium (Ni/Ti) ratio were observed amongst instruments with the X-File having a smoother surface finish. PTN and PTN-CF had mixed austenite plus R-phase (R-phase start approximately at 45 ºC and near 30 ºC, respectively), whilst X-File instruments were austenitic (R-phase started at approximately at 17 ºC) at room temperature (20 ºC). PTN-CF had the greatest inconsistency in the phase transformation temperatures. Time to fracture of PTN-CF X2 and X3 was significantly shorter than PTN and X-File instruments (P < 0.05), whilst no difference was noted in maximum torque to fracture amongst the tested systems (P > 0.05). X-Files and PTN-CF had a stress-induced phase change during bending load. Mean unprepared surface areas of root canals were 25.8% (PTN), 31.1% (X-File) and 32.5% (PTN-CF) with no significant difference amongst groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION Similarities amongst the systems were noted in the Ni/Ti ratio and maximum torque to fracture, whilst differences were observed in the design, phase transformation temperatures and mechanical behaviour. The ProTaper Next counterfeit instruments could be considered as the less secure system considering its low-cyclic fatigue resistance. Apart from these differences, the unprepared canal surface areas, obtained with the tested systems, were similar.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J N R Martins
- Department of Endodontics, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Unidade de Investigação em Ciências Orais e Biomédicas (UICOB), Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Centro de Estudo de Medicina Dentária Baseada na Evidência (CEMDBE), Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - E J N L Silva
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - D Marques
- Centro de Estudo de Medicina Dentária Baseada na Evidência (CEMDBE), Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,LIBPhys-FCT UID/FIS/04559/2013, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - F Belladonna
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - M Simões-Carvalho
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - E Camacho
- CENIMAT/I3N, Department of Materials Science, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - F M Braz Fernandes
- CENIMAT/I3N, Department of Materials Science, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - M A Versiani
- Dental Specialty Center, Brazilian Military Police, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Martins JN, Silva EJ, Marques D, Pereira MR, Ginjeira A, Silva RJ, Braz Fernandes FM, Versiani MA. Mechanical Performance and Metallurgical Features of ProTaper Universal and 6 Replicalike Systems. J Endod 2020; 46:1884-1893. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2020.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
25
|
Aksoy U, Küçük M, Versiani MA, Orhan K. Publication trends in micro-CT endodontic research: a bibliometric analysis over a 25-year period. Int Endod J 2020; 54:343-353. [PMID: 33075147 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIM To conduct a bibliographic analysis of the research studies published in Endodontics using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) as an analytical tool over a 25-year period. METHODOLOGY The Web of Science electronic database was accessed, and an advanced search using strict criteria was undertaken from January 1995 to June 2020 for studies in the field of Endodontics that used micro-CT as an analytical tool. A further search was conducted between January and August of 2020 for a combination of specific terms and descriptors. For each selected article, the following parameters were recorded: field of the study, analysed specimen, publication title and year, authorship, journal of publication, institution and country of origin, collaborating institutions and countries, and number of citations. The acquired data were analysed using descriptive statistics and graphical mappings. RESULTS The screening process identified 877 relevant articles that were classified into 30 thematic categories. The main fields of research were root canal preparation (23.8%), root canal anatomy (17.4%), canal filling (9.2%) and root canal retreatment (7.0%). The most productive half-decade comprised the period of 2015-2019 (n = 513; 58.5%), with the highest number of articles published in 2019 (n = 146; 16.6%). The authors who lead the list as first authors were G De-Deus, A Keleş, F Paqué, MA Versiani and Y Gu, respectively, whilst Versiani was the most productive (n = 51). The leading countries regarding the number of studies were Brazil, China and Turkey with 236, 130 and 65 publications, respectively. The University of São Paulo (n = 90; 10.3%) followed by Wuhan University (n = 37; 4.2%) and the University of Zurich (n = 18; 2.1%) were the prominent contributors by producing the largest number of articles, whilst the University of Zurich was the most-cited institution. The selected studies were published in 140 scientific journals, but the Journal of Endodontics and International Endodontic Journal accounted for almost 50% of the publications. CONCLUSION This bibliometric analysis portrayed an original and comprehensive view on the progress and trends of the use of micro-CT technology in endodontic research, and enabled a deep understanding of the development process in this field over the last 25 years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- U Aksoy
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Near East University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - M Küçük
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Near East University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - M A Versiani
- Dental Specialty Centre, Brazilian Military Police, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - K Orhan
- Department of Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.,Medical Design Application and Research Center (MEDITAM), Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
De-Deus G, Cardoso ML, Simões-Carvalho M, Silva EJNL, Belladonna FG, Cavalcante DM, Oliveira DDS, Souza EM, Lopes RT, Versiani MA. Glide Path with Reciprocating Driven Pathfinding Instrument: Performance and Fracture Rate. J Endod 2020; 47:100-104. [PMID: 33045262 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2020.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study assessed the number of mesial and distal canals of mandibular molars in which the R-Pilot pathfinding reciprocating instrument reached the working length (WL) during macro glide path procedure. Fracture and deformation rates were also evaluated. METHODS One hundred fifty-six root canals of 52 teeth were scouted to the length of the apical foramen. Then the R-Pilot instrument was positioned at the canal orifice and activated. The instrument was moved by using a pecking motion and light apical pressure. This procedure was repeated in an attempt to reach the WL. The type of fracture and/or instrument deformation was assessed by scanning electron microscopy, whereas the roots with fractured instruments were scanned through micro-computed tomography. The percentage frequency distribution of fractures, deformations, and root canals in which the R-Pilot reached the WL were recorded and statistically compared by using the Pearson's χ2 test with α = 5%. RESULTS R-Pilot instruments reached the WL in 139 root canals (89.10%), and χ2 test showed a significant difference between the observed frequencies and the expected frequencies (χ2 = 95.41, P = .000). The observed frequencies of fractures (2.56%) and deformations (1.92%) were also significantly lower than the expected (fracture: χ2 = 140.41, P = .000; deformation: χ2 = 144.23, P = .000). Fractures occurred mostly at the apical and curved parts of the root canals. CONCLUSIONS R-Pilot reached the WL in 89.10% of the root canals of mandibular molars with fracture and deformation rates of 2.56% and 1.92%, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo De-Deus
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Milla Lessa Cardoso
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marco Simões-Carvalho
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Emmanuel J N L Silva
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Department of Endodontics, Grande Rio University, Duque de Caxias, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Erick Miranda Souza
- Department of Dentistry II, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Tadeu Lopes
- Nuclear Engineering Program, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marco Aurélio Versiani
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
De-Deus G, Belladonna FG, Cavalcante DM, Simões-Carvalho M, Silva EJNL, Carvalhal JCA, Zamolyi RQ, Lopes RT, Versiani MA, Dummer PMH, Zehnder M. Contrast-enhanced micro-CT to assess dental pulp tissue debridement in root canals of extracted teeth: a series of cascading experiments towards method validation. Int Endod J 2020; 54:279-293. [PMID: 32920829 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM To validate a new method for the evaluation of pulp tissue debridement in the root canals of extracted teeth using an impregnation protocol involving potassium triiodide, a radiocontrast solution known as Lugol's, combined with micro-computed tomographic (micro-CT) imaging. METHODOLOGY The impact of NaOCl on the radiopacity of Lugol's solution was assessed using a two-fold dilution series of Lugol in distilled water and 5.25% NaOCl, which were then pipetted into transparent dishes and radiographed. To verify the influence of Lugol on the proteolytic effect of NaOCl, a dissolution test was performed using fresh bovine meat. Ten slices did not undergo any tissue processing, whilst twenty slices were fixed in formaldehyde for 24 h. After that, 10 of them were immersed in Lugol for another 24 h. Then, all specimens were placed in NaOCl and the time required for a complete tissue dissolution was recorded. For the last experiments (histological validation and micro-CT assessment), 8 extracted mandibular premolars with formerly vital pulps were immersed in buffered formalin, scanned in a micro-CT device, accessed, immersed in Lugol for 7 days and scanned again. Then, the root canals of 5 teeth were prepared and scanned, and the volume of remaining pulp tissue identified and quantified, whilst 3 teeth were histologically processed. The same specimens were subjected to histological assessment, and the images of the histologic sections were registered with the corresponding micro-CT images to verify whether the pulp tissue in the histological sections matched its counterpart in the Lugol-impregnated tissues identified in the micro-CT slices. RESULTS There was no discernible effect on radiopacity when NaOCl was mixed with Lugol's solution. Tissue processing did not affect the time required for the complete dissolution of fresh bovine meat. Histological evaluation revealed a correlation between micro-CT and histological images confirming the identification of Lugol-impregnated pulp tissue in micro-CT images. CONCLUSIONS The radiocontrast Lugol's solution was unaffected by NaOCl and did not interfere with its soft tissue dissolution capability. The impregnation protocol using Lugol's solution allowed the visualization of pulp tissue on the micro-CT images and the identification of pulp remnants after chemical-mechanical canal procedures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G De-Deus
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - F G Belladonna
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - D M Cavalcante
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - M Simões-Carvalho
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - E J N L Silva
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Department of Endodontics, Grande Rio University, Duque de Caxias, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - J C A Carvalhal
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - R Q Zamolyi
- Bonsucesso Federal Hospital, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - R T Lopes
- Nuclear Engineering Program, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - M A Versiani
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - P M H Dummer
- School of Dentistry, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - M Zehnder
- Division of Endodontology, Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Silva EJNL, Pinto KP, Ferreira CM, Belladonna FG, De-Deus G, Dummer PMH, Versiani MA. Current status on minimal access cavity preparations: a critical analysis and a proposal for a universal nomenclature. Int Endod J 2020; 53:1618-1635. [PMID: 32854167 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In the last decade, several access cavity designs involveing minimal removal of tooth tissue have been described for gaining entry to pulp chambers during root canal treatment. The premise behind this concept assumes that maximum preservation of as much of the pulp chamber roof as possible during access preparation would maintain the fracture resistance of teeth following root canal treatment. However, the smaller the access cavity, the more difficult it may be to visualize and debride the pulp chamber as well as locate, shape, clean and fill the canals. At the same time, a small access cavity may increase the risk of iatrogenic complications as a result of poor visibility, which may have an impact on treatment outcome. This study aimed to critically analyse the literature on minimal access cavity preparations, propose new nomenclature based on self-explanatory abbreviations and highlight the areas in which more research is required. The search was conducted without restrictions using specifics terms and descriptors in four databases. A complementary screening of the references within the selected studies, as well as a manual search in the highest impact journals in endodontics, namely International Endodontic Journal and Journal of Endodontics, was also performed. The initial search retrieved 1831 publications. The titles and abstracts of these papers were reviewed, and the full text of 94 studies was assessed. Finally, a total of 28 studies were identified as evaluating the influence of minimally invasive access cavity designs on the fracture resistance of teeth and on the different stages of root canal treatment (orifice location, canal shaping, canal cleaning, canal filling and retreatment). Overall, the studies had major methodological drawbacks and reported inadequate and/or inconclusive results on the utility of minimally invasive access preparations. Furthermore, they offered limited scientific evidence to support the use of minimally invasive access cavities to improve the outcome of root canal treatment and retreatment; they also provided little evidence that they preserved the fracture resistance of root filled teeth to a greater extent than traditional access cavity preparations. It was concluded that at present, there is a lack of supporting evidence for the introduction of minimally invasive access cavity preparation into routine clinical practice and/or training of undergraduate and postgraduate students.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E J N L Silva
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - K P Pinto
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - C M Ferreira
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - F G Belladonna
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - G De-Deus
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - P M H Dummer
- School of Dentistry, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - M A Versiani
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Martins JN, Nogueira Leal Silva EJ, Marques D, Ginjeira A, Braz Fernandes FM, De Deus G, Versiani MA. Influence of Kinematics on the Cyclic Fatigue Resistance of Replicalike and Original Brand Rotary Instruments. J Endod 2020; 46:1136-1143. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2020.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
30
|
Sousa-Neto MDD, Silva-Sousa YC, Mazzi-Chaves JF, Carvalho KKT, Barbosa AFS, Versiani MA, Jacobs R, Leoni GB. Root canal preparation using micro-computed tomography analysis: a literature review. Braz Oral Res 2018; 32:e66. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2018.vol32.0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
|
31
|
Boschetti E, Silva-Sousa YTC, Mazzi-Chaves JF, Leoni GB, Versiani MA, Pécora JD, Saquy PC, Sousa Neto MDD. Micro-CT Evaluation of Root and Canal Morphology of Mandibular First Premolars with Radicular Grooves. Braz Dent J 2017; 28:597-603. [DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201601784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate morphological features of 70 single-rooted mandibular first premolars with radicular grooves (RG) using micro-CT technology. Teeth were scanned and evaluated regarding the morphology of the roots and root canals as well as length, depth and percentage frequency location of the RG. Volume, surface area and Structure Model Index (SMI) of the canals were measured for the full root length. Two-dimensional parameters and frequency of canal orifices were evaluated at 1, 2, and 3 mm levels from the apical foramen. The number of accessory canals, the dentinal thickness, and cross-sectional appearance of the canal at different root levels were also recorded. Expression of deep grooves was observed in 21.42% of the sample. Mean lengths of root and RG were 13.43 mm and 8.5 mm, respectively, while depth of the RG ranged from 0.75 to 1.13 mm. Mean canal volume, surface area and SMI were 10.78 mm3, 58.51 mm2, and 2.84, respectively. Apical delta was present in 4.35% of the sample and accessory canals were observed mostly at the middle and apical thirds. Two-dimensional parameters indicated an oval-shaped cross-sectional appearance of the root canal with a high percentage frequency of canal divisions (87.15%). Canal configuration type V (58.57%) was the most prevalent. C-shaped configuration was observed in 13 premolars (18.57%), whereas dentinal thickness ranged from 1.0 to 1.31 mm. Radicular grooves in mandibular first premolars was associated with the occurrence of several anatomical complexities, including C-shaped canals and divisions of the main root canal.
Collapse
|
32
|
Versiani MA, Ahmed HMA, Sousa-Neto MDD, De-Deus G, Dummer PMH. Unusual Deviation of the Main Foramen from the Root Apex. Braz Dent J 2017; 27:589-591. [PMID: 27982239 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201601106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship of the main foramen to the anatomic root apex has been the subject of several studies. Although they are anatomically close, they rarely coincide, and their distance can vary according to age or tooth type, ranging from 0.2 to 3.0 mm. The aim of this short communication was to evaluate the distance between the main foramen of independent middle mesial canals (MMCs) and the anatomical mesial root apex of mandibular first molars using the micro-computed tomography. Twenty-five mandibular first molars with MMCs were scanned (resolution of 9.9 µm), and the distance from its main foramen to the anatomical apex was evaluated. Overall, the distance ranged from 0.2 to 2.4 mm; however, in 3 specimens the distance was greater than 3 mm. This report demonstrates that the exit of the main foramen of the MMC varies considerably and could approach a substantial distance from the anatomical apex greater than previously reported in the literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Aurélio Versiani
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, USP - Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Hany Mohamed Aly Ahmed
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, MY, Malaysia
| | - Manoel Damião de Sousa-Neto
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, USP - Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Gustavo De-Deus
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, UNIGRANRIO - Universidade Grande Rio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Zuolo ML, De-Deus G, Belladonna FG, Silva EJNLD, Lopes RT, Souza EM, Versiani MA, Zaia AA. Micro–computed Tomography Assessment of Dentinal Micro-cracks after Root Canal Preparation with TRUShape and Self-adjusting File Systems. J Endod 2017; 43:619-622. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2016.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 11/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
34
|
De-Deus G, Belladonna FG, Marins JR, Silva EJNL, Neves ADA, Souza EM, Machado ADC, Lopes RT, Versiani MA. On the Causality Between Dentinal Defects and Root Canal Preparation: A Micro-CT Assessment. Braz Dent J 2016; 27:664-669. [DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201601002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the cause-effect relationship between canal preparation with ProTaper Universal (PTU) system and dentinal defects formation using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) analysis. Forty mesial canals of mandibular molars with a type II Vertucci's canal configuration were scanned at an isotropic resolution of 14.16 µm. The sample was assigned to an experimental (n = 30) and a control (n = 10) groups, and the mesial canals were prepared with PTU system up to F2 instrument. The specimens from the experimental group were scanned and the cross-section images of the mesial roots, before and after preparation, were screened to identify the presence of dentinal defects. In the control group, the specimens were sectioned perpendicularly to the long axis of the root into 1-mm-thick slices (n = 80) and examined under optical microscope. Once a dentinal defect was detected, the slice was scanned through micro-CT. In the experimental group, dentinal micro-cracks were observed in 4,828 slices (24.04%). In all cross-section images, dentinal defects identified in the postoperative images were already present in the corresponding preoperative image. In the control group, 13 out of 80 slices (16.25%) had at least one dentinal defect visualized under stereomicroscopy, which was identified after a further micro-CT scanning. Micro-CT showed reliability as similar as optical microscopy in detecting dentinal defects, adding the possibility of tracking the dentinal tissue, before and after canal preparation, and providing a clear visualization of micro-cracks. Root canal preparation with PTU system did not induce the formation of new dentinal defects.
Collapse
|
35
|
Versiani MA, Abi Rached-Junior FJ, Kishen A, Pécora JD, Silva-Sousa YT, de Sousa-Neto MD. Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Enhance Physicochemical Characteristics of Grossman Sealer. J Endod 2016; 42:1804-1810. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2016.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
36
|
De-Deus G, Belladonna FG, Silva EJNL, Souza EM, Carvalhal JCA, Perez R, Lopes RT, Versiani MA. Micro-CT assessment of dentinal micro-cracks after root canal filling procedures. Int Endod J 2016; 50:895-901. [PMID: 27689844 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the frequency of dentinal micro-cracks after root canal filling procedures with GuttaCore (GC), cold lateral compaction (CLC) and warm vertical compaction (WVC) techniques in mandibular molars using micro-computed tomographic analysis. METHODOLOGY Thirty mesial roots of mandibular molars, with a type II Vertucci's canal configuration, were prepared to working length with a Reciproc R40 instrument and randomly assigned to one of the three experimental groups (n = 10), according to the technique used for root filling: GC, CLC or WVC. The GC group was filled with a size 40 GC obturator, whilst CLC and WVC groups used conventional gutta-percha cones. AH Plus sealer was used in all groups. The specimens were scanned at an isotropic resolution of 14.25 μm before and after root canal preparation and after root filling. Then, all pre- and postoperative cross-sectional images of the roots (n = 41 660) were screened to identify the presence of dentinal defects. RESULTS Overall, 30.75% (n = 12 810) of the pre- + post-filling images displayed dentinal defects. In the GC, CLC and WVC groups, dentinal micro-cracks were observed in 18.68% (n = 2510), 15.99% (n = 2389) and 11.34% (n = 1506) of the cross-sectional images, respectively. All micro-cracks identified in the post-filling scans were also observed in the corresponding post-preparation images. CONCLUSION Root fillings in all techniques did not induce the development of new dentinal micro-cracks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G De-Deus
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - F G Belladonna
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - E J N L Silva
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - E M Souza
- Department of Dentistry II, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | - J C A Carvalhal
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - R Perez
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - R T Lopes
- Nuclear Engineering Program, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - M A Versiani
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Ordinola-Zapata R, Bramante CM, Versiani MA, Moldauer BI, Topham G, Gutmann JL, Nuñez A, Duarte MAH, Abella F. Comparative accuracy of the Clearing Technique, CBCT and Micro-CT methods in studying the mesial root canal configuration of mandibular first molars. Int Endod J 2016; 50:90-96. [PMID: 26659613 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To compare the accuracy of the clearing technique and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in the assessment of root canal configurations using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) imaging system as the reference standard. METHODOLOGY Thirty-two mesial roots of mandibular first molars, selected on the basis of micro-CT scans (voxel size: 19.6 μm) and presenting several canal configurations, were evaluated using 2 CBCT scanners (voxels sizes: 120 μm and 150 μm) followed by the clearing technique. Two examiners analysed the data from each method and classified the anatomical configuration of the mesial canal according to Vertucci's system. Data were compared using Fisher's exact and chi-square tests. Reliability for each assessment was verified by the kappa test, and significance level was set at 5%. RESULTS Kappa value indicated a high level of agreement between the examiners. Detection of type I configurations was significantly lower in cleared teeth (P < 0.05), whilst type II root canals were detected in all specimens by both tests (P > 0.05). In mesial roots with variable anatomical configurations, CBCT and the clearing method were significantly less accurate than the reference standard (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Within the tooth population studied, accuracy of identifying mesial root canal configuration was influenced greatly by the evaluation method and the type of anatomy. Detection of type I configurations in cleared teeth was significantly lower, whilst type II configurations were detected in all specimens by both methods. In mesial roots with variable anatomical configurations, neither CBCT nor clearing methods were accurate for detecting the actual root canal anatomy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Ordinola-Zapata
- Department of Endodontics, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil.,Advanced Education in General Dentistry Program, Larkin Community Hospital, Miami, FL, USA
| | - C M Bramante
- Department of Endodontics, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | - M A Versiani
- Department of Endodontics, Ribeirão Preto Dental School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - B I Moldauer
- Advanced Education in General Dentistry Program, Larkin Community Hospital, Miami, FL, USA
| | - G Topham
- Department of Endodontics, Universitat Internacional de Cataluña, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J L Gutmann
- Department of Endodontics, Baylor College of Dentistry, Texas A&M University System Health Science Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - A Nuñez
- Department of Endodontics, Universitat Internacional de Cataluña, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M A Hungaro Duarte
- Department of Endodontics, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | - F Abella
- Department of Endodontics, Universitat Internacional de Cataluña, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
De-Deus G, Belladonna FG, Silva EJNL, Marins JR, Souza EM, Perez R, Lopes RT, Versiani MA, Paciornik S, Neves ADA. Micro-CT Evaluation of Non-instrumented Canal Areas with Different Enlargements Performed by NiTi Systems. Braz Dent J 2015; 26:624-9. [DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201300116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the percentage of non-instrumented area of root canals prepared with different enlargements using single-file reciprocating systems (Reciproc and WaveOne) and a conventional multi-file rotary (BioRaCe) system by micro-computed tomographic analysis. Thirty mesial roots of mandibular molars with moderate curvature (10° to 20°) presenting a type II Vertucci canal configuration and similar internal volume were chosen and scanned at an isotropic resolution of 14.16 µm. The sample was assigned to 3 groups (n=10) according to the system used for root canal preparation: Reciproc, WaveOne, and BioRaCe groups. Second and third scans were taken after the canals were prepared with instruments sizes 25 and 40, respectively. The recorded images of the surface area voxels of the canals, before and after preparation were examined from the furcation level to the apex to quantify the non-instrumented surface. Statistical data were compared using GLM for repeated-measures with a significance level set at 5%. Instrumentation systems did not influence the percentage of untouched root canal surfaces (p=0.690) whilst a significant reduction in the percentage of static voxels was observed after the enlargement of the root canal (p=0.010) in all groups (p=0.507). None of the systems was able to prepare the entire surface area of the mesial root canal of mandibular molars. The increased final apical size resulted in a significant positive effect on the shaping ability of the tested systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sidnei Paciornik
- PUC-RIO - Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
De-Deus G, Belladonna FG, Souza EM, Silva EJNL, Neves ADA, Alves H, Lopes RT, Versiani MA. Micro–computed Tomographic Assessment on the Effect of ProTaper Next and Twisted File Adaptive Systems on Dentinal Cracks. J Endod 2015; 41:1116-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2015.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Revised: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
40
|
De-Deus G, Marins J, Silva EJNL, Souza E, Belladonna FG, Reis C, Machado AS, Lopes RT, Versiani MA, Paciornik S, Neves AA. Accumulated Hard Tissue Debris Produced during Reciprocating and Rotary Nickel-Titanium Canal Preparation. J Endod 2015; 41:676-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2014.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Revised: 11/28/2014] [Accepted: 11/30/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
41
|
Pagliosa A, Sousa-Neto MD, Versiani MA, Raucci-Neto W, Silva-Sousa YTC, Alfredo E. Computed tomography evaluation of rotary systems on the root canal transportation and centering ability. Braz Oral Res 2015; 29:S1806-83242015000100240. [PMID: 25715038 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2015.vol29.0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The endodontic preparation of curved and narrow root canals is challenging, with a tendency for the prepared canal to deviate away from its natural axis. The aim of this study was to evaluate, by cone-beam computed tomography, the transportation and centering ability of curved mesiobuccal canals in maxillary molars after biomechanical preparation with different nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary systems. Forty teeth with angles of curvature ranging from 20° to 40° and radii between 5.0 mm and 10.0 mm were selected and assigned into four groups (n = 10), according to the biomechanical preparative system used: Hero 642 (HR), Liberator (LB), ProTaper (PT), and Twisted File (TF). The specimens were inserted into an acrylic device and scanned with computed tomography prior to, and following, instrumentation at 3, 6 and 9 mm from the root apex. The canal degree of transportation and centering ability were calculated and analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's tests (α = 0.05). The results demonstrated no significant difference (p > 0.05) in shaping ability among the rotary systems. The mean canal transportation was: -0.049 ± 0.083 mm (HR); -0.004 ± 0.044 mm (LB); -0.003 ± 0.064 mm (PT); -0.021 ± 0.064 mm (TF). The mean canal centering ability was: -0.093 ± 0.147 mm (HR); -0.001 ± 0.100 mm (LB); -0.002 ± 0.134 mm (PT); -0.033 ± 0.133 mm (TF). Also, there was no significant difference among the root segments (p > 0.05). It was concluded that the Hero 642, Liberator, ProTaper, and Twisted File rotary systems could be safely used in curved canal instrumentation, resulting in satisfactory preservation of the original canal shape.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- André Pagliosa
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Manoel Damião Sousa-Neto
- Restorative Dentistry Department, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Marco Aurélio Versiani
- Restorative Dentistry Department, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Walter Raucci-Neto
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Edson Alfredo
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Filpo-Perez C, Bramante CM, Villas-Boas MH, Húngaro Duarte MA, Versiani MA, Ordinola-Zapata R. Micro-computed tomographic analysis of the root canal morphology of the distal root of mandibular first molar. J Endod 2014; 41:231-6. [PMID: 25447505 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2014.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2014] [Revised: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 09/27/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to evaluate the morphologic aspects of the root canal anatomy of the distal root of a mandibular first molar using micro-computed tomographic analysis. METHODS One-hundred distal roots of mandibular first molars were scanned using a micro-computed tomographic device at an isotropic resolution of 19.6 μm. The percentage frequency distribution of the morphologic configuration of the root canal was performed according to the Vertucci classification system. Two-dimensional parameters (area, perimeter, roundness, aspect ratio, and major and minor diameters) and the cross-sectional shape of the root canal were analyzed in the apical third at every 1-mm interval from the main apical foramen in roots presenting Vertucci types I and II configurations (n = 79). Data were statistically compared using the Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests with a significance level set at 5%. RESULTS Seventy-six percent of the distal roots had a single root canal. Two, three, and four canals were found in 13%, 8%, and 3% of the sample, respectively. In 13 specimens, the configuration of the root canal did not fit into Vertucci's classification. Overall, 2-dimensional parameter values significantly increased at the 3-mm level (P < .05). The prevalence of oval canals was higher at the 1-mm level and decreased at the 5-mm level in which long oval and flattened canals were more prevalent. CONCLUSIONS The distal roots of the mandibular first molars showed a high prevalence of single root canals. The prevalence of long oval and flattened canals increased in the coronal direction. In 13% of the samples, canal configurations that were not included in Vertucci's configuration system were found.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Filpo-Perez
- Department of Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Clovis Monteiro Bramante
- Department of Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Haas Villas-Boas
- Department of Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marco Antonio Húngaro Duarte
- Department of Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marco Aurélio Versiani
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ronald Ordinola-Zapata
- Department of Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Souza-Flamini LE, Leoni GB, Chaves JFM, Versiani MA, Cruz-Filho AM, Pécora JD, Sousa-Neto MD. The Radix Entomolaris and Paramolaris: A Micro–Computed Tomographic Study of 3-rooted Mandibular First Molars. J Endod 2014; 40:1616-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2014.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Revised: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
|
44
|
Versiani MA, De-Deus G, Vera J, Souza E, Steier L, Pécora JD, Sousa-Neto MD. 3D mapping of the irrigated areas of the root canal space using micro-computed tomography. Clin Oral Investig 2014; 19:859-66. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-014-1311-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
45
|
Dias KC, Soares CJ, Steier L, Versiani MA, Abi Rached-Júnior FJ, Pécora JD, Correa Silva-Sousa YT, de Sousa-Neto MD. Influence of Drying Protocol with Isopropyl Alcohol on the Bond Strength of Resin-based Sealers to the Root Dentin. J Endod 2014; 40:1454-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2014.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Revised: 02/08/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
46
|
Ordinola-Zapata R, Bramante CM, Duarte MAH, Cavenago BC, Jaramillo D, Versiani MA. Shaping ability of reciproc and TF adaptive systems in severely curved canals of rapid microCT-based prototyping molar replicas. J Appl Oral Sci 2014; 22:509-15. [PMID: 24918662 PMCID: PMC4307764 DOI: 10.1590/1678-775720130705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the shaping ability of Reciproc and Twisted-File Adaptive systems in
rapid prototyping replicas. Material and Methods: Two mandibular molars showing S-shaped and 62-degree curvatures in the mesial root
were scanned by using a microcomputed tomography (μCT) system. The data were
exported in the stereolitograhic format and 20 samples of each molar were printed
at 16 µm resolution. The mesial canals of 10 replicas of each specimen were
prepared with each system. Transportation was measured by overlapping radiographs
taken before and after preparation and resin thickness after instrumentation was
measured by μCT. Results: Both systems maintained the original shape of the apical third in both anatomies
(P>0.05). Overall, considering the resin thickness in the 62-degree replicas,
no statistical difference was found between the systems (P>0.05). In the
S-shaped curvature replica, Reciproc significantly decreased the thickness of the
resin walls in comparison with TF Adaptive. Conclusions: The evaluated systems were able to maintain the original shape at the apical third
of severely curved mesial canals of molar replicas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Ordinola-Zapata
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Clovis Monteiro Bramante
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Marco Antonio Húngaro Duarte
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruno Cavalini Cavenago
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - David Jaramillo
- Department of Endodontics, Loma Linda School of Dentistry, University of Loma Linda, Loma Linda, United States
| | - Marco Aurélio Versiani
- Department of Endodontics, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Leoni GB, Versiani MA, Pécora JD, Damião de Sousa-Neto M. Micro–Computed Tomographic Analysis of the Root Canal Morphology of Mandibular Incisors. J Endod 2014; 40:710-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2013.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Revised: 08/30/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
48
|
De-Deus G, Silva EJNL, Marins J, Souza E, Neves ADA, Gonçalves Belladonna F, Alves H, Lopes RT, Versiani MA. Lack of causal relationship between dentinal microcracks and root canal preparation with reciprocation systems. J Endod 2014; 40:1447-50. [PMID: 25146030 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2014.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2013] [Revised: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of dentinal microcracks observed after root canal preparation with 2 reciprocating and a conventional full-sequence rotary system using micro-computed tomographic analysis. METHODS Thirty mesial roots of mandibular molars presenting a type II Vertucci canal configuration were scanned at an isotropic resolution of 14.16 μm. The sample was randomly assigned to 3 experimental groups (n = 10) according to the system used for the root canal preparation: group A-Reciproc (VDW, Munich, Germany), group B-WaveOne (Dentsply Maillefer, Baillagues, Switzerland), and group C-BioRaCe (FKG Dentaire, La-Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland). Second and third scans were taken after the root canals were prepared with instruments sizes 25 and 40, respectively. Then, pre- and postoperative cross-section images of the roots (N = 65,340) were screened to identify the presence of dentinal defects. RESULTS Dentinal microcracks were observed in 8.72% (n = 5697), 11.01% (n = 7197), and 7.91% (n = 5169) of the cross-sections from groups A (Reciproc), B (WaveOne), and C (BioRaCe), respectively. All dentinal defects identified in the postoperative cross-sections were also observed in the corresponding preoperative images. CONCLUSIONS No causal relationship between dentinal microcrack formation and canal preparation procedures with Reciproc, WaveOne, and BioRaCe systems was observed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo De-Deus
- Department of Endodontics, Grande Rio University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | | | - Juliana Marins
- Department of Endodontics, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Erick Souza
- Department of Dentistry II, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luis, Brazil
| | | | | | - Haimon Alves
- Nuclear Engineering Program, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Tadeu Lopes
- Nuclear Engineering Program, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marco Aurélio Versiani
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Keleş A, Alcin H, Kamalak A, Versiani MA. Micro-CT evaluation of root filling quality in oval-shaped canals. Int Endod J 2014; 47:1177-84. [PMID: 24527697 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 02/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIM To assess the percentage volumes of filling materials and voids in oval-shaped canals filled with either cold lateral compaction or warm compaction techniques, using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). METHODOLOGY Twenty-four single-rooted maxillary premolar teeth with oval-shaped canals were selected and the root canals prepared and assigned to two groups (n = 12), according to the filling technique: cold lateral compaction (CLC) or warm vertical compaction (WVC). Each specimen was scanned using a micro-CT device at an isotropic resolution of 12.5 μm. Percentage volumes of root filling materials and voids were calculated, and data were statistically analysed using Student's t-test and Friedman's test, with a significance level of 5%. RESULTS Overall, mean percentage volumes of gutta-percha, sealer and voids were 82.33 ± 3.14, 13.42 ± 2.91 and 4.26 ± 0.74 in the CLC group and 91.73 ± 4.48, 7.70 ± 4.44 and 0.57 ± 0.44 in the WVC group, respectively, with a statistically significant difference between groups (P < 0.05). At the apical level, differences in the percentage volumes of filling materials and voids between groups were not significant (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS No root fillings were void free. Warm vertical compaction produced a significantly greater volume of gutta-percha and a significantly lower percentage of voids than those achieved with cold lateral compaction. Distribution of sealer and voids within the root canal space after root filling was unpredictable, irrespective of the technique used.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Keleş
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Ordinola-Zapata R, Bramante CM, Villas-Boas MH, Cavenago BC, Duarte MH, Versiani MA. Morphologic Micro–Computed Tomography Analysis of Mandibular Premolars with Three Root Canals. J Endod 2013; 39:1130-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2013.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2012] [Accepted: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|