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Corpas FJ, González-Gordo S, Palma JM. Ascorbate peroxidase in fruits and modulation of its activity by reactive species. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:2716-2732. [PMID: 38442039 PMCID: PMC11066807 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) is one of the enzymes of the ascorbate-glutathione cycle and is the key enzyme that breaks down H2O2 with the aid of ascorbate as an electron source. APX is present in all photosynthetic eukaryotes from algae to higher plants and, at the cellular level, it is localized in all subcellular compartments where H2O2 is generated, including the apoplast, cytosol, plastids, mitochondria, and peroxisomes, either in soluble form or attached to the organelle membranes. APX activity can be modulated by various post-translational modifications including tyrosine nitration, S-nitrosation, persulfidation, and S-sulfenylation. This allows the connection of H2O2 metabolism with other relevant signaling molecules such as NO and H2S, thus building a complex coordination system. In both climacteric and non-climacteric fruits, APX plays a key role during the ripening process and during post-harvest, since it participates in the regulation of both H2O2 and ascorbate levels affecting fruit quality. Currently, the exogenous application of molecules such as NO, H2S, H2O2, and, more recently, melatonin is seen as a new alternative to maintain and extend the shelf life and quality of fruits because they can modulate APX activity as well as other antioxidant systems. Therefore, these molecules are being considered as new biotechnological tools to improve crop quality in the horticultural industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J Corpas
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Granada, Spain
| | - Salvador González-Gordo
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Granada, Spain
| | - José M Palma
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Granada, Spain
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López-Huertas E, Rubí-Villegas J, Sánchez-Moreno L, Nieto R. Olive Pomace Extract Contains Low Molecular Weight Peptides and Possesses ACE Inhibitory Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3962. [PMID: 38612773 PMCID: PMC11011677 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to determine the ACE inhibitory activity of aqueous extracts of olive pomace and to understand whether they represent a good source of bioactive LMW peptides for nutritional and pharmacological applications. We produced a water extract from olive pomace (var. Picual) and obtained its low molecular weight (LMW) fraction (<3 kDa). The calculated yield of extraction was 100.2 ± 7.9 mg of LMW peptides per 100 g of olive pomace. The olive pomace LMW fraction possessed strong ACE inhibitory activity (IC50 = 3.57 ± 0.22 µg prot/mL). The LMW fraction (<3 kDa) was analysed by nanoscale liquid chromatography-Orbitrap coupled with tandem mass spectrometry and de novo sequencing. Thirty new peptides, containing between 7-17 amino acids and molecular masses ranging 778-1354 Da, were identified by the Peaks database algorithm using the available Olea europaea (cv. Farga) genome database. Ten new peptides were also identified by Peaks de novo sequencing. The protein sources of twelve peptides detected in the database by Peaks DB were identified by BLAST search. The ACE inhibitory activity of the identified peptides was predicted by BIOPEP software. We conclude that olive pomace possesses ACE inhibitory activity and contains low molecular weight peptides with (predicted) biological activity. Olive pomace may represent a good source of peptides for nutritional and pharmaceutical applications. In our study, it has been shown that olive pomace possesses ACE inhibitory activity and contains low molecular weight peptides with (predicted) biological activity. Olive pomace may represent a good source of peptides for nutritional and pharmaceutical applications. More research is needed in order to identify the in vivo effects of olive pomace bioactive peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo López-Huertas
- Group of Antioxidants and Free Radicals in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Estación Experimental Zaidín (EEZ), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Jose Rubí-Villegas
- Group of Antioxidants and Free Radicals in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Estación Experimental Zaidín (EEZ), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Lourdes Sánchez-Moreno
- Instrumental Technical Services of the Estación Experimental Zaidín (EEZ), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Rosa Nieto
- Department of Nutrition and Sustainable Animal Production, Estación Experimental Zaidín (EEZ), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), San Miguel 101, 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain
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Schwarze J, Carolan JC, Stewart GS, McCabe PF, Kacprzyk J. The boundary of life and death: changes in mitochondrial and cytosolic proteomes associated with programmed cell death of Arabidopsis thaliana suspension culture cells. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1194866. [PMID: 37593044 PMCID: PMC10431908 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1194866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Despite the critical role of programmed cell death (PCD) in plant development and defense responses, its regulation is not fully understood. It has been proposed that mitochondria may be important in the control of the early stages of plant PCD, but the details of this regulation are currently unknown. Methods We used Arabidopsis thaliana cell suspension culture, a model system that enables induction and precise monitoring of PCD rates, as well as chemical manipulation of this process to generate a quantitative profile of the alterations in mitochondrial and cytosolic proteomes associated with early stages of plant PCD induced by heat stress. The cells were subjected to PCD-inducing heat levels (10 min, 54°C), with/without the calcium channel inhibitor and PCD blocker LaCl3. The stress treatment was followed by separation of cytosolic and mitochondrial fractions and mass spectrometry-based proteome analysis. Results Heat stress induced rapid and extensive changes in protein abundance in both fractions, with release of mitochondrial proteins into the cytosol upon PCD induction. In our system, LaCl3 appeared to act downstream of cell death initiation signal, as it did not affect the release of mitochondrial proteins, but instead partially inhibited changes occurring in the cytosolic fraction, including upregulation of proteins with hydrolytic activity. Discussion We characterized changes in protein abundance and localization associated with the early stages of heat stress-induced PCD. Collectively, the generated data provide new insights into the regulation of cell death and survival decisions in plant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Schwarze
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Gavin S. Stewart
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Paul F. McCabe
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Joanna Kacprzyk
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Corpas FJ, Palma JM. Assay of Reactive Oxygen/Nitrogen Species (ROS/RNS) in Arabidopsis Peroxisomes Through Fluorescent Protein Containing a Type 1 Peroxisomal Targeting Signal (PTS1). Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2643:149-160. [PMID: 36952184 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3048-8_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Plant peroxisomes have an active nitro-oxidative metabolism. However, the assay of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) could be a challenge since the purification of peroxisomes is technically a high time-consuming approach that needs to be optimized for each tissue/organ (root, leaf, fruit) and plant species. Arabidopsis thaliana, as a model plant for biochemical and molecular studies, has become a useful tool to study the basic metabolism, including also that of ROS/RNS. The combination of specific fluorescent probes with Arabidopsis plants expressing a fluorescent protein containing a type 1 peroxisomal targeting signal (PTS1) is a powerful tool to address the profile of ROS/RNS in peroxisomes by confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). This chapter provides a detailed description to detect the content and distribution of ROS and RNS in Arabidopsis peroxisomes, together with a critical analysis of their potentialities and limitations, since these approaches require appropriate controls to corroborate the obtained data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J Corpas
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Stress, Development and Signaling in Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Granada, Spain.
| | - José M Palma
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Stress, Development and Signaling in Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Granada, Spain
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González-Gordo S, Palma JM, Corpas FJ. Peroxisomal Proteome Mining of Sweet Pepper ( Capsicum annuum L.) Fruit Ripening Through Whole Isobaric Tags for Relative and Absolute Quantitation Analysis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:893376. [PMID: 35615143 PMCID: PMC9125320 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.893376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Peroxisomes are ubiquitous organelles from eukaryotic cells characterized by an active nitro-oxidative metabolism. They have a relevant metabolic plasticity depending on the organism, tissue, developmental stage, or physiological/stress/environmental conditions. Our knowledge of peroxisomal metabolism from fruits is very limited but its proteome is even less known. Using sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) fruits at two ripening stages (immature green and ripe red), it was analyzed the proteomic peroxisomal composition by quantitative isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-based protein profiling. For this aim, it was accomplished a comparative analysis of the pepper fruit whole proteome obtained by iTRAQ versus the identified peroxisomal protein profile from Arabidopsis thaliana. This allowed identifying 57 peroxisomal proteins. Among these proteins, 49 were located in the peroxisomal matrix, 36 proteins had a peroxisomal targeting signal type 1 (PTS1), 8 had a PTS type 2, 5 lacked this type of peptide signal, and 8 proteins were associated with the membrane of this organelle. Furthermore, 34 proteins showed significant differences during the ripening of the fruits, 19 being overexpressed and 15 repressed. Based on previous biochemical studies using purified peroxisomes from pepper fruits, it could be said that some of the identified peroxisomal proteins were corroborated as part of the pepper fruit antioxidant metabolism (catalase, superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, monodehydroascorbate reductase, dehydroascorbate reductaseglutathione reductase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase and NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase), the β-oxidation pathway (acyl-coenzyme A oxidase, 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase, enoyl-CoA hydratase), while other identified proteins could be considered "new" or "unexpected" in fruit peroxisomes like urate oxidase (UO), sulfite oxidase (SO), 5-methyltetrahydropteroyltriglutamate-homocysteine methyltransferase (METE1), 12-oxophytodienoate reductase 3 (OPR3) or 4-coumarate-CoA ligase (4CL), which participate in different metabolic pathways such as purine, sulfur, L-methionine, jasmonic acid (JA) or phenylpropanoid metabolisms. In summary, the present data provide new insights into the complex metabolic machinery of peroxisomes in fruit and open new windows of research into the peroxisomal functions during fruit ripening.
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Corpas FJ, González-Gordo S, Palma JM. Nitric Oxide (NO) Scaffolds the Peroxisomal Protein-Protein Interaction Network in Higher Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2444. [PMID: 33671021 PMCID: PMC7957770 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The peroxisome is a single-membrane subcellular compartment present in almost all eukaryotic cells from simple protists and fungi to complex organisms such as higher plants and animals. Historically, the name of the peroxisome came from a subcellular structure that contained high levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and the antioxidant enzyme catalase, which indicated that this organelle had basically an oxidative metabolism. During the last 20 years, it has been shown that plant peroxisomes also contain nitric oxide (NO), a radical molecule than leads to a family of derived molecules designated as reactive nitrogen species (RNS). These reactive species can mediate post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins, such as S-nitrosation and tyrosine nitration, thus affecting their function. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of how NO could affect peroxisomal metabolism and its internal protein-protein interactions (PPIs). Remarkably, many of the identified NO-target proteins in plant peroxisomes are involved in the metabolism of reactive oxygen species (ROS), either in its generation or its scavenging. Therefore, it is proposed that NO is a molecule with signaling properties with the capacity to modulate the peroxisomal protein-protein network and consequently the peroxisomal functions, especially under adverse environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J. Corpas
- Antioxidant, Free Radical and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture Group, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/ Profesor Albareda, 1, E-18008 Granada, Spain; (S.G.-G.); (J.M.P.)
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López-Huertas E, Palma JM. Changes in Glutathione, Ascorbate, and Antioxidant Enzymes during Olive Fruit Ripening. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:12221-12228. [PMID: 33099995 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c04789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The content of glutathione, ascorbate (ASC), and the enzymatic antioxidants, superoxide dismutase and catalase, and components of the ascorbate-glutathione cycle were investigated in the olive fruit (cv. Picual) selected at the green, turning, and mature ripening stages. The changes observed in total and reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), the ratio GSH/GSSG, ASC, and antioxidant enzymes (mainly superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and glutathione reductase) indicate a shift to a moderate cellular oxidative status during ripening and suggest a role for antioxidants in the process. The antioxidant composition of olive oils obtained from the olive fruits of the study was investigated. A model is proposed for the recycling of antioxidant polyphenols mediated by endogenous molecular antioxidants in the olive fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo López-Huertas
- Group of Antioxidants and Free Radicals in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Estación Experimental Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 1, Profesor Albareda, Granada 18008, Spain
| | - José M Palma
- Group of Antioxidants and Free Radicals in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Estación Experimental Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 1, Profesor Albareda, Granada 18008, Spain
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Corpas FJ, González-Gordo S, Palma JM. Plant Peroxisomes: A Factory of Reactive Species. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:853. [PMID: 32719691 PMCID: PMC7348659 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Plant peroxisomes are organelles enclosed by a single membrane whose biochemical composition has the capacity to adapt depending on the plant tissue, developmental stage, as well as internal and external cellular stimuli. Apart from the peroxisomal metabolism of reactive oxygen species (ROS), discovered several decades ago, new molecules with signaling potential, including nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S), have been detected in these organelles in recent years. These molecules generate a family of derived molecules, called reactive nitrogen species (RNS) and reactive sulfur species (RSS), whose peroxisomal metabolism is autoregulated through posttranslational modifications (PTMs) such as S-nitrosation, nitration and persulfidation. The peroxisomal metabolism of these reactive species, which can be weaponized against pathogens, is susceptible to modification in response to external stimuli. This review aims to provide up-to-date information on crosstalk between these reactive species families and peroxisomes, as well as on their cellular environment in light of the well-recognized signaling properties of H2O2, NO and H2S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J. Corpas
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Granada, Spain
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Palma JM, Mateos RM, López-Jaramillo J, Rodríguez-Ruiz M, González-Gordo S, Lechuga-Sancho AM, Corpas FJ. Plant catalases as NO and H 2S targets. Redox Biol 2020; 34:101525. [PMID: 32505768 PMCID: PMC7276441 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Catalase is a powerful antioxidant metalloenzyme located in peroxisomes which also plays a central role in signaling processes under physiological and adverse situations. Whereas animals contain a single catalase gene, in plants this enzyme is encoded by a multigene family providing multiple isoenzymes whose number varies depending on the species, and their expression is regulated according to their tissue/organ distribution and the environmental conditions. This enzyme can be modulated by reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) as well as by hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Catalase is the major protein undergoing Tyr-nitration [post-translational modification (PTM) promoted by RNS] during fruit ripening, but the enzyme from diverse sources is also susceptible to undergo other activity-modifying PTMs. Data on S-nitrosation and persulfidation of catalase from different plant origins are given and compared here with results from obese children where S-nitrosation of catalase occurs. The cysteine residues prone to be S-nitrosated in catalase from plants and from bovine liver have been identified. These evidences assign to peroxisomes a crucial statement in the signaling crossroads among relevant molecules (NO and H2S), since catalase is allocated in these organelles. This review depicts a scenario where the regulation of catalase through PTMs, especially S-nitrosation and persulfidation, is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M Palma
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Dept. Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Granada, Spain.
| | - Rosa M Mateos
- Imflammation, Nutrition, Metabolism and Oxidative Stress Study Group (INMOX), Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA), Research Unit, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, Cádiz, Spain; Area of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | | | - Marta Rodríguez-Ruiz
- Laboratório de Fisiologia do Desenvolvimiento Vegetal; Instituto de Biociências-Universidad de São Paulo; Cidade Universitária-São Paulo-SP, Brazil
| | - Salvador González-Gordo
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Dept. Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Granada, Spain
| | - Alfonso M Lechuga-Sancho
- Imflammation, Nutrition, Metabolism and Oxidative Stress Study Group (INMOX), Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA), Research Unit, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, Cádiz, Spain; Department of Child and Mother Health and Radiology, Medical School, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Francisco J Corpas
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Dept. Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Granada, Spain
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Alcaide-Hidalgo JM, Margalef M, Bravo FI, Muguerza B, López-Huertas E. Virgin olive oil (unfiltered) extract contains peptides and possesses ACE inhibitory and antihypertensive activity. Clin Nutr 2020; 39:1242-1249. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2019.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Rodríguez-Ruiz M, González-Gordo S, Cañas A, Campos MJ, Paradela A, Corpas FJ, Palma JM. Sweet Pepper ( Capsicum annuum L.) Fruits Contain an Atypical Peroxisomal Catalase That is Modulated by Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:E374. [PMID: 31487955 PMCID: PMC6769641 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8090374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
During the ripening of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) fruits, in a genetically controlled scenario, enormous metabolic changes occur that affect the physiology of most cell compartments. Peroxisomal catalase gene expression decreases after pepper fruit ripening, while the enzyme is also susceptible to undergo post-translational modifications (nitration, S-nitrosation, and oxidation) promoted by reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS). Unlike most plant catalases, the pepper fruit enzyme acts as a homodimer, with an atypical native molecular mass of 125 to 135 kDa and an isoelectric point of 7.4, which is higher than that of most plant catalases. These data suggest that ROS/RNS could be essential to modulate the role of catalase in maintaining basic cellular peroxisomal functions during pepper fruit ripening when nitro-oxidative stress occurs. Using catalase from bovine liver as a model and biotin-switch labeling, in-gel trypsin digestion, and nanoliquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, it was found that Cys377 from the bovine enzyme could potentially undergo S-nitrosation. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a cysteine residue from catalase that can be post-translationally modified by S-nitrosation, which makes it especially important to find the target points where the enzyme can be modulated under either physiological or adverse conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Rodríguez-Ruiz
- Group Antioxidant, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, 18008 Granada, Spain.
| | - Salvador González-Gordo
- Group Antioxidant, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, 18008 Granada, Spain.
| | - Amanda Cañas
- Group Antioxidant, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, 18008 Granada, Spain.
| | - María Jesús Campos
- Group Antioxidant, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, 18008 Granada, Spain.
| | - Alberto Paradela
- Proteomics Core Facility, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Francisco J Corpas
- Group Antioxidant, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, 18008 Granada, Spain.
| | - José M Palma
- Group Antioxidant, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, 18008 Granada, Spain.
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Sáinz JA, Garrido I, Hernández M, Montaño A, Llerena JL, Espinosa F. Influence of cultivar, irrigation, ripening stage, and annual variability on the oxidant/antioxidant systems of olives as determined by MDS-PTA. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0215540. [PMID: 30998725 PMCID: PMC6472774 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The phenolic composition and content of olive fruit are some of the attributes that determine oil quality. This composition depends on the olive variety, the cultivation system, and the fruit's ripeness. This study considered two olive varieties (Manzanilla and Morisca), under two water regimes (irrigated and rainfed), harvested at three stages of maturation (S1, S2, and S3), over three consecutive campaigns (2011, 2012, and 2013). The accumulation of phenols in the fruit was found to depend only on the stage of ripeness, while the flavonoid and phenylpropanoid contents depended also on the variety and the water regime. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was linked to O2- production, which in turn depended on water regime, variety, and stage of maturation (this last being a process involving ROS). The peroxidase (POX) activity seemed only to depend on ripeness, while polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity varied from year to year as well as presenting a strong ripeness dependence that was in clear coherence with the levels of phenolic compounds that the olives accumulate. All these relationships between the variables and the factors conform a dataset with the structure of a multidimensional array that is difficult to interpret using conventional techniques of statistical analysis. This work takes a novel approach (MultiDimensional Scaling associated with a Partial Triadic Analysis, MDS-PTA) to the analysis of this type of data structure which allows its correct interpretation. The analysis showed that the state of maturation of the olives is the most clearly discriminating factor, far more so than the cultivar, water regime, or year. Thus, the phenols and the total antioxidant activity (FRAP) showed strong clustering, being closely related in all three years studied. The oxidant and antioxidant activities showed a certain tendency to cluster, although in these cases the year also had an influence as a factor, indicating that these parameters depend more on external factors and less on ripeness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Antonio Sáinz
- Department of Plant Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (Research Group FBCMP), Extremadura University, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Garrido
- Department of Plant Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (Research Group FBCMP), Extremadura University, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Marcos Hernández
- European University of the Atlantic, Scientific and Technological Park of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Alfonso Montaño
- Agri-Food Technological Center of Extremadura-CTAEX, Villafranco del Guadiana, Spain
| | - José Luis Llerena
- Department of Plant Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (Research Group FBCMP), Extremadura University, Badajoz, Spain
- Agri-Food Technological Center of Extremadura-CTAEX, Villafranco del Guadiana, Spain
| | - Francisco Espinosa
- Department of Plant Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (Research Group FBCMP), Extremadura University, Badajoz, Spain
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Li B, Gu B, Yang Z, Zhang T. The role of submerged macrophytes in phytoremediation of arsenic from contaminated water: A case study on Vallisneria natans (Lour.) Hara. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 165:224-231. [PMID: 30199793 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic contamination of water is a global concern due to its heavy threat to human health. In this study, the submerged macrophyte Vallisneria natans (Lour.) Hara was used to remove environmentally relevant concentrations of arsenic in the binary As(III)/As(V) system. The concentrations of total arsenic (tAs) and As(III) in water dropped rapidly within 3 days, while As(V) first increased slightly within 3 days and then gradually decreased. About 1.2% dimethylarsinate (DMA) was detected at the 14th day of treatment. These findings indicated that As(III) could be oxidized to As(V) and methylated to DMA in water with V. natans. In relation to V. natans, both tAs and As(V) were much higher in roots compared to leaves. Arsenate was the predominant species (≥ 95.65 ± 0.10%) in roots, and As(III) was only found at the 14th day (3.45-6.96 mg kg-1). In leaves, As(III) significantly increased (P < 0.05) as the treatment duration increased. The proportions of As(V) (27.99-40.03%) were lower than those of As(III) and arsenobetaine (AsB) was detected (0.52-1.87 mg kg-1) after 7 d. The results of arsenic speciation demonstrated that the transformation of arsenic species in V. natans included As(V) reduction and As(III) methylation to AsB. There were a decrease in chlorophyll content, and an increase in MDA level and antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, and POD) activities. The MDA level was much higher in leaves than roots, whereas the activities of SOD, CAT, and POD were the opposite, suggesting their possible role in arsenic resistance and detoxification. Our results indicate the potential of V. natans in phytoremediation of arsenic-contaminated water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, PR China
| | - Bowen Gu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, PR China
| | - Zhaoguang Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, PR China
| | - Ting Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, PR China.
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Islinger M, Manner A, Völkl A. The Craft of Peroxisome Purification-A Technical Survey Through the Decades. Subcell Biochem 2018; 89:85-122. [PMID: 30378020 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-2233-4_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Purification technologies are one of the working horses in organelle proteomics studies as they guarantee the separation of organelle-specific proteins from the background contamination by other subcellular compartments. The development of methods for the separation of organelles was a major prerequisite for the initial detection and characterization of peroxisome as a discrete entity of the cell. Since then, isolated peroxisomes fractions have been used in numerous studies in order to characterize organelle-specific enzyme functions, to allocate the peroxisome-specific proteome or to unravel the organellar membrane composition. This review will give an overview of the fractionation methods used for the isolation of peroxisomes from animals, plants and fungi. In addition to "classic" centrifugation-based isolation methods, relying on the different densities of individual organelles, the review will also summarize work on alternative technologies like free-flow-electrophoresis or flow field fractionation which are based on distinct physicochemical parameters. A final chapter will further describe how different separation methods and quantitative mass spectrometry have been used in proteomics studies to assign the proteome of PO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Islinger
- Institute for Neuroanatomy, Centre for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Andreas Manner
- Institute for Neuroanatomy, Centre for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alfred Völkl
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Institute of Anatomy, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Abstract
Despite of their economical and nutritional interest, the biology of fruits is still little studied in comparison with reports of other plant organs such as leaves and roots. Accordingly, research at subcellular and molecular levels is necessary not only to understand the physiology of fruits, but also to improve crop qualities. Efforts addressed to gain knowledge of the peroxisome proteome and how it interacts with the overall metabolism of fruits will provide tools to be used in breeding strategies of agricultural species with added value. In this work, special attention will be paid to peroxisomal proteins involved in the metabolism of reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to the relevant role of these compounds at fruit ripening. The proteome of peroxisomes purified from sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) fruit is reported, where an iron-superoxide dismutase (Fe-SOD) was localized in these organelles, besides other antioxidant enzymes such as catalase and a Mn-SOD, as well as enzymes involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates, malate, lipids and fatty acids, amino acids, the glyoxylate cycle and in the potential organelles' movements.
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Fourati R, Scopa A, Ben Ahmed C, Ben Abdallah F, Terzano R, Gattullo CE, Allegretta I, Galgano F, Caruso MC, Sofo A. Leaf biochemical responses and fruit oil quality parameters in olive plants subjected to airborne metal pollution. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 168:514-522. [PMID: 27847123 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study was carried out in two olive orchards (Olea europaea L., cv. Chemlali) located in a polluted area near a fertilizers factory and in a control unpolluted site, managed with similar cultivation techniques. The aim was to investigate the physiological and biochemical responses of polluted plants (PP), exposed to atmospheric metal contamination (Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni and Pb) as compared to control plants (CP). Leaves, roots and fruits of PP showed a depression of their non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidant defences and a disruption of their hormonal homeostasis. The anomalous physiological status of PP was also demonstrated by the lower values of pigments in leaves and fruits, as compared to CP. Atmospheric metals negatively affected olive oil chemical and sensory quality. However, despite metal deposition on fruit surfaces, the accumulation of potentially toxic metals in olive oil was negligible. Considering that olive oil is an important food product worldwide and that many productive olive orchards are exposed to several sources of pollution, this work could contribute to clarify the effects of atmospheric metal pollution on olive oil quality and its potential toxicity for humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radhia Fourati
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, Road of Soukra km 4 - BP n° 802, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Antonio Scopa
- School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano, 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Chedlia Ben Ahmed
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, Road of Soukra km 4 - BP n° 802, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Ferjani Ben Abdallah
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, Road of Soukra km 4 - BP n° 802, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Roberto Terzano
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Concetta Eliana Gattullo
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Ignazio Allegretta
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Fernanda Galgano
- School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano, 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Marisa Carmela Caruso
- School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano, 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Adriano Sofo
- School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano, 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy.
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Anjum NA, Sharma P, Gill SS, Hasanuzzaman M, Khan EA, Kachhap K, Mohamed AA, Thangavel P, Devi GD, Vasudhevan P, Sofo A, Khan NA, Misra AN, Lukatkin AS, Singh HP, Pereira E, Tuteja N. Catalase and ascorbate peroxidase-representative H2O2-detoxifying heme enzymes in plants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:19002-29. [PMID: 27549233 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7309-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Plants have to counteract unavoidable stress-caused anomalies such as oxidative stress to sustain their lives and serve heterotrophic organisms including humans. Among major enzymatic antioxidants, catalase (CAT; EC 1.11.1.6) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX; EC 1.11.1.11) are representative heme enzymes meant for metabolizing stress-provoked reactive oxygen species (ROS; such as H2O2) and controlling their potential impacts on cellular metabolism and functions. CAT mainly occurs in peroxisomes and catalyzes the dismutation reaction without requiring any reductant; whereas, APX has a higher affinity for H2O2 and utilizes ascorbate (AsA) as specific electron donor for the reduction of H2O2 into H2O in organelles including chloroplasts, cytosol, mitochondria, and peroxisomes. Literature is extensive on the glutathione-associated H2O2-metabolizing systems in plants. However, discussion is meager or scattered in the literature available on the biochemical and genomic characterization as well as techniques for the assays of CAT and APX and their modulation in plants under abiotic stresses. This paper aims (a) to introduce oxidative stress-causative factors and highlights their relationship with abiotic stresses in plants; (b) to overview structure, occurrence, and significance of CAT and APX in plants;
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Affiliation(s)
- Naser A Anjum
- CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies and Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Pallavi Sharma
- Centre for Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ratu Lohardaga Road, Brambe, Ranchi, 435020, India.
| | - Sarvajeet S Gill
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Centre for Biotechnology, MD University, Rohtak, 124001, India
| | - Mirza Hasanuzzaman
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Ekhlaque A Khan
- Centre for Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ratu Lohardaga Road, Brambe, Ranchi, 435020, India
| | - Kiran Kachhap
- Centre for Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ratu Lohardaga Road, Brambe, Ranchi, 435020, India
| | - Amal A Mohamed
- Plant Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre (NRC), Dokki, Egypt
| | - Palaniswamy Thangavel
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Life Sciences, Periyar University, Periyar Palkalai Nagar, Salem, Tamil Nadu, -636011, India
| | - Gurumayum Devmanjuri Devi
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Life Sciences, Periyar University, Periyar Palkalai Nagar, Salem, Tamil Nadu, -636011, India
| | - Palanisamy Vasudhevan
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Life Sciences, Periyar University, Periyar Palkalai Nagar, Salem, Tamil Nadu, -636011, India
| | - Adriano Sofo
- School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano, 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy
| | - Nafees A Khan
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Amarendra Narayan Misra
- Centre for Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ratu Lohardaga Road, Brambe, Ranchi, 435020, India.
| | - Alexander S Lukatkin
- Department of Botany, Physiology and Ecology of Plants, N.P. Ogarev Mordovia State University, Bolshevistskaja Str., 68, Saransk, 430005, Russia
| | - Harminder Pal Singh
- Department of Environment Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Eduarda Pereira
- CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies and Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Narendra Tuteja
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology (AIMT), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, E3 Block, Sector 125, Noida, UP, 201303, India.
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18
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Del Río LA, López-Huertas E. ROS Generation in Peroxisomes and its Role in Cell Signaling. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 57:1364-1376. [PMID: 27081099 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcw076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
In plant cells, as in most eukaryotic organisms, peroxisomes are probably the major sites of intracellular H2O2 production, as a result of their essentially oxidative type of metabolism. In recent years, it has become increasingly clear that peroxisomes carry out essential functions in eukaryotic cells. The generation of the important messenger molecule hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by animal and plant peroxisomes and the presence of catalase in these organelles has been known for many years, but the generation of superoxide radicals (O2·- ) and the occurrence of the metalloenzyme superoxide dismutase was reported for the first time in peroxisomes from plant origin. Further research showed the presence in plant peroxisomes of a complex battery of antioxidant systems apart from catalase. The evidence available of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in peroxisomes is presented, and the different antioxidant systems characterized in these organelles and their possible functions are described. Peroxisomes appear to have a ROS-mediated role in abiotic stress situations induced by the heavy metal cadmium (Cd) and the xenobiotic 2,4-D, and also in the oxidative reactions of leaf senescence. The toxicity of Cd and 2,4-D has an effect on the ROS metabolism and speed of movement (dynamics) of peroxisomes. The regulation of ROS production in peroxisomes can take place by post-translational modifications of those proteins involved in their production and/or scavenging. In recent years, different studies have been carried out on the proteome of ROS metabolism in peroxisomes. Diverse evidence obtained indicates that peroxisomes are an important cellular source of different signaling molecules, including ROS, involved in distinct processes of high physiological importance, and might play an important role in the maintenance of cellular redox homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis A Del Río
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry and Cell & Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Apartado 419, E-18080 Granada, Spain
| | - Eduardo López-Huertas
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry and Cell & Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Apartado 419, E-18080 Granada, Spain
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19
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Houmani H, Rodríguez-Ruiz M, Palma JM, Abdelly C, Corpas FJ. Modulation of superoxide dismutase (SOD) isozymes by organ development and high long-term salinity in the halophyte Cakile maritima. PROTOPLASMA 2016; 253:885-894. [PMID: 26159565 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-015-0850-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity catalyzes the disproportionation of superoxide radicals into hydrogen peroxide and oxygen. This enzyme is considered to be a first line of defense for controlling the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study, the number and type of SOD isozymes were identified in the principal organs (roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and seeds) of Cakile maritima. We also analyzed the way in which the activity of these SOD isozymes is modulated during development and under high long-term salinity (400 mM NaCl) stress conditions. The data indicate that this plant contains a total of ten SOD isozymes: two Mn-SODs, one Fe-SOD, and seven CuZn-SODs, with the Fe-SOD being the most prominent isozyme in the different organs analyzed. Moreover, the modulation of SOD isozymes, particularly CuZn-SODs, was only detected during development and under severe salinity stress conditions. These data suggest that, in C. maritima, the occurrence of these CuZn-SODs in roots and leaves plays an adaptive role since this CuZn-SOD isozyme might replace the diminished Fe-SOD activity under salinity stress to overcome this adverse environmental condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayet Houmani
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Apartado 419, E-18080, Granada, Spain
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, PO Box 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Marta Rodríguez-Ruiz
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Apartado 419, E-18080, Granada, Spain
| | - José M Palma
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Apartado 419, E-18080, Granada, Spain
| | - Chedly Abdelly
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, PO Box 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Francisco J Corpas
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Apartado 419, E-18080, Granada, Spain.
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20
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Palma JM, Sevilla F, Jiménez A, del Río LA, Corpas FJ, Álvarez de Morales P, Camejo DM. Physiology of pepper fruit and the metabolism of antioxidants: chloroplasts, mitochondria and peroxisomes. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2015; 116:627-36. [PMID: 26220658 PMCID: PMC4578004 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcv121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Revised: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Pepper (Capsicum annuum) contains high levels of antioxidants, such as vitamins A and C and flavonoids. However, information on the role of these beneficial compounds in the physiology of pepper fruit remains scarce. Recent studies have shown that antioxidants in ripe pepper fruit play a key role in responses to temperature changes, and the redox state at the time of harvest affects the nutritional value for human consumption. In this paper, the role of antioxidant metabolism of pepper fruit during ripening and in the response to low temperature is addressed, paying particular attention to ascorbate, NADPH and the superoxide dismutase enzymatic system. The participation of chloroplasts, mitochondria and peroxisomes in the ripening process is also investigated. SCOPE AND RESULTS Important changes occur at a subcellular level during ripening of pepper fruit. Chloroplasts turn into chromoplasts, with drastic conversion of their metabolism, and the role of the ascorbate-glutathione cycle is essential. In mitochondria from red fruits, higher ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and Mn-SOD activities are involved in avoiding the accumulation of reactive oxygen species in these organelles during ripening. Peroxisomes, whose antioxidant capacity at fruit ripening is substantially affected, display an atypical metabolic pattern during this physiological stage. In spite of these differences observed in the antioxidative metabolism of mitochondria and peroxisomes, proteomic analysis of these organelles, carried out by 2-D electrophoresis and MALDI-TOF/TOF and provided here for the first time, reveals no changes between the antioxidant metabolism from immature (green) and ripe (red) fruits. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, the results show that investigation of molecular and enzymatic antioxidants from cell compartments, especially chloroplasts, mitochondria and peroxisomes, is a useful tool to study the physiology of pepper fruit, particularly in the context of expanding their shelf-life after harvest and in maintaining their nutritional value.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M Palma
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Apartado 419, 18080 Granada, Spain and
| | - Francisca Sevilla
- Group of Abiotic Stress, Production and Quality, Department of Biology of Stress and Plant Pathology, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, CSIC, Campus Universitario Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Ana Jiménez
- Group of Abiotic Stress, Production and Quality, Department of Biology of Stress and Plant Pathology, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, CSIC, Campus Universitario Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Luis A del Río
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Apartado 419, 18080 Granada, Spain and
| | - Francisco J Corpas
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Apartado 419, 18080 Granada, Spain and
| | - Paz Álvarez de Morales
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Apartado 419, 18080 Granada, Spain and
| | - Daymi M Camejo
- Group of Abiotic Stress, Production and Quality, Department of Biology of Stress and Plant Pathology, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, CSIC, Campus Universitario Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
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21
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Eprintsev AT, Fedorin DN, Nikitina MV, Igamberdiev AU. Expression and properties of the mitochondrial and cytosolic forms of aconitase in maize scutellum. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 181:14-19. [PMID: 25933369 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2015.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Revised: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Aconitase (EC 4.2.1.3) catalyzes the reversible interconversion of citrate, cis-aconitate, and D-isocitrate. It operates in mitochondria and cytosol. We investigated the expression of two aconitase genes (Aco1 and Aco4) and activities of the mitochondrial and cytosolic forms in maize (Zea mays L.) scutellum during germination. Both forms were isolated and purified. The cytosolic form had a higher pH optimum (8.0), twice higher affinity to citrate (K(m) 9.5 mM), and slightly lower affinity to D,L-isocitrate (K(m) 1.7 mM) as compared to the mitochondrial form (optimum pH 7.5, K(m) with citrate 21 mM, and K(m) with isocitrate 1.5 mM). The highest activity of both forms of aconitase was observed on the 4th day of germination; then the activity and expression of the cytosolic form sharply decreased, while the mitochondrial form decreased more slowly. The mitochondrial aconitase was more strongly inhibited by H2O2 (half-inhibition at 35 μM) than the cytosolic form (60 μM). Aconitase activity was not detected in the glyoxysomal fraction beyond the cross-contamination level. It is suggested that the mitochondrial form operates in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, whereas the cytosolic form participates in the reactions of the glyoxylate cycle taking place outside the glyoxysome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander T Eprintsev
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Physiology, Voronezh State University, Voronezh 394006, Russia
| | - Dmitry N Fedorin
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Physiology, Voronezh State University, Voronezh 394006, Russia
| | - Marina V Nikitina
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Physiology, Voronezh State University, Voronezh 394006, Russia
| | - Abir U Igamberdiev
- Department of Biology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X9, Canada.
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