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Kuburich NA, Kiselka JM, den Hollander P, Karam AA, Mani SA. The Cancer Chimera: Impact of Vimentin and Cytokeratin Co-Expression in Hybrid Epithelial/Mesenchymal Cancer Cells on Tumor Plasticity and Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:4158. [PMID: 39766058 PMCID: PMC11674825 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16244158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2024] [Revised: 12/02/2024] [Accepted: 12/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2025] Open
Abstract
The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) program is critical to metastatic cancer progression. EMT results in the expression of mesenchymal proteins and enhances migratory and invasive capabilities. In a small percentage of cells, EMT results in the expression of stemness-associated genes that provide a metastatic advantage. Although EMT had been viewed as a binary event, it has recently become clear that the program leads to a spectrum of phenotypes, including hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal (E/M) cells that have significantly greater metastatic capability than cells on the epithelial or mesenchymal ends of the spectrum. As hybrid E/M cells are rarely observed in physiological, non-diseased states in the adult human body, these cells are potential biomarkers and drug targets. Hybrid E/M cells are distinguished by the co-expression of epithelial and mesenchymal proteins, such as the intermediate filament proteins cytokeratin (CK; epithelial) and vimentin (VIM; mesenchymal). Although these intermediate filaments have been extensively used for pathological characterization and detection of aggressive carcinomas, little is known regarding the interactions between CK and VIM when co-expressed in hybrid E/M cells. This review describes the characteristics of hybrid E/M cells with a focus on the unique co-expression of VIM and CK. We will discuss the structures and functions of these two intermediate filament proteins and how they may interact when co-expressed in hybrid E/M cells. Additionally, we review what is known about cell-surface expression of these intermediate filament proteins and discuss their potential as predictive biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick A. Kuburich
- Legorreta Cancer Center, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA; (N.A.K.); (J.M.K.); (P.d.H.); (A.A.K.)
- Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Julia M. Kiselka
- Legorreta Cancer Center, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA; (N.A.K.); (J.M.K.); (P.d.H.); (A.A.K.)
- Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Petra den Hollander
- Legorreta Cancer Center, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA; (N.A.K.); (J.M.K.); (P.d.H.); (A.A.K.)
- Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Andrew A. Karam
- Legorreta Cancer Center, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA; (N.A.K.); (J.M.K.); (P.d.H.); (A.A.K.)
- Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Sendurai A. Mani
- Legorreta Cancer Center, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA; (N.A.K.); (J.M.K.); (P.d.H.); (A.A.K.)
- Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
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Zhou T, Zhang X, Song Y, Ding L, Huang X, Zhang L, Ye C, Yang Y, Celentano A, Hu Q, Ni Y. Annexin A5 is a novel prognostic biomarker in oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Oral Pathol Med 2024; 53:538-543. [PMID: 38945807 DOI: 10.1111/jop.13567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND ANXA5, a notable tumor marker, displays irregular expression in diverse solid cancers, and links to local recurrence and metastasis rates. We aimed study the expression of ANXA5 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and its diagnostic and prognostic values. METHODS 520 head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients in TCGA database and 124 OSCC patients in Nanjing stomatology hospital were enrolled in our study. Immunohistochemical analyses were performed using ANXA5 antibodies. Chi-square test was used to analyze the clinicopathological features. Survival rates were determined using the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test. RESULTS Our results showed significantly elevated ANXA5 at the gene and protein levels in HNSCC and OSCC compared to non-tumor tissues. Histopathologically, ANXA5 was broadly present in OSCC tumor cells and fibroblast-like cells but absent in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, particularly at the invasive tumor front. Patients exhibiting high ANXA5 expression in these cells demonstrated poor differentiation, aggressive invasion patterns, and heightened lymph node metastasis risk, contributing to poorer postoperative outcomes. Remarkably, ANXA5 in fibroblast-like cells emerged as an independent risk factor impacting survival in OSCC patients. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) highlighted ANXA5's involvement in key pathways like epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT), TGF-beta signaling, and hypoxia, which correlated with adverse clinical outcomes in OSCC. CONCLUSION ANXA5 emerges as a significant prognostic biomarker for OSCC, potentially influencing its metastasis via the EMT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhou
- Department of Oral-maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Research Institute of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoxin Zhang
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Research Institute of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuxian Song
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Research Institute of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liang Ding
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Research Institute of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaofeng Huang
- Department of Oral Pathology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Research Institute of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Oral Pathology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Research Institute of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chuanjin Ye
- Department of Oral Pathology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Research Institute of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Oral Pathology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Research Institute of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Antonio Celentano
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Qingang Hu
- Department of Oral-maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Research Institute of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanhong Ni
- Department of Oral-maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Research Institute of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Research Institute of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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3
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Jing J. The Relevance, Predictability, and Utility of Annexin A5 for Human Physiopathology. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2865. [PMID: 38474114 PMCID: PMC10932194 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
As an important functional protein molecule in the human body, human annexin A5 (hAnxA5) is widely found in human cells and body fluids. hAnxA5, the smallest type of annexin, performs a variety of biological functions by reversibly and specifically binding phosphatidylserine (PS) in a calcium-dependent manner and plays an important role in many human physiological and pathological processes. The free state hAnxA5 exists in the form of monomers and usually forms a polymer in a specific self-assembly manner when exerting biological activity. This review systematically discusses the current knowledge and understanding of hAnxA5 from three perspectives: physiopathological relevance, diagnostic value, and therapeutic utility. hAnxA5 affects the occurrence and development of many physiopathological processes. Moreover, hAnxA5 can be used independently or in combination as a biomarker of physiopathological phenomena for the diagnosis of certain diseases. Importantly, based on the properties of hAnxA5, many novel drug candidates have been designed and prepared for application in actual medical practice. However, there are also some gaps and shortcomings in hAnxA5 research. This in-depth study will not only expand the understanding of structural and functional relationships but also promote the application of hAnxA5 in the field of biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Jing
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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4
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Prieto-Fernández L, Menéndez ST, Otero-Rosales M, Montoro-Jiménez I, Hermida-Prado F, García-Pedrero JM, Álvarez-Teijeiro S. Pathobiological functions and clinical implications of annexin dysregulation in human cancers. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1009908. [PMID: 36247003 PMCID: PMC9554710 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1009908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Annexins are an extensive superfamily of structurally related calcium- and phospholipid-binding proteins, largely conserved and widely distributed among species. Twelve human annexins have been identified, referred to as Annexin A1-13 (A12 remains as of yet unassigned), whose genes are spread throughout the genome on eight different chromosomes. According to their distinct tissue distribution and subcellular localization, annexins have been functionally implicated in a variety of biological processes relevant to both physiological and pathological conditions. Dysregulation of annexin expression patterns and functions has been revealed as a common feature in multiple cancers, thereby emerging as potential biomarkers and molecular targets for clinical application. Nevertheless, translation of this knowledge to the clinic requires in-depth functional and mechanistic characterization of dysregulated annexins for each individual cancer type, since each protein exhibits varying expression levels and phenotypic specificity depending on the tumor types. This review specifically and thoroughly examines the current knowledge on annexin dysfunctions in carcinogenesis. Hence, available data on expression levels, mechanism of action and pathophysiological effects of Annexin A1-13 among different cancers will be dissected, also further discussing future perspectives for potential applications as biomarkers for early diagnosis, prognosis and molecular-targeted therapies. Special attention is devoted to head and neck cancers (HNC), a complex and heterogeneous group of aggressive malignancies, often lately diagnosed, with high mortality, and scarce therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Llara Prieto-Fernández
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Instituto Universitario de Oncología Del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sofía T. Menéndez
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Instituto Universitario de Oncología Del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Otero-Rosales
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Instituto Universitario de Oncología Del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Irene Montoro-Jiménez
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Instituto Universitario de Oncología Del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Hermida-Prado
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Instituto Universitario de Oncología Del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juana M. García-Pedrero
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Instituto Universitario de Oncología Del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Saúl Álvarez-Teijeiro
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Instituto Universitario de Oncología Del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Ogunnigbagbe O, Bunick CG, Kaur K. Keratin 1 as a cell-surface receptor in cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188664. [PMID: 34890750 PMCID: PMC8818032 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Keratins are fibrous proteins that take part in several important cellular functions, including the formation of intermediate filaments. In addition, keratins serve as epithelial cell markers, which has made their role in cancer progression, diagnosis, and treatment an important focus of research. Keratin 1 (K1) is a type II keratin whose structure is comprised of a coiled-coil central domain flanked by flexible, glycine-rich loops in the N- and C-termini. While the structure of cytoplasmic K1 is established, the structure of cell-surface K1 is not known. Several transformed cells, such as cancerous cells and cells that have undergone oxidative stress, display increased levels of overall and/or cell-surface K1 expression. Cell-surface keratins (CSKs) may be modified or truncated, and their role is yet to be fully elucidated. Current studies suggest that CSKs are involved in receptor-mediated endocytosis and immune evasion. In this Review, we discuss findings relating to K1 structure, overexpression, and cell-surface expression in the context of utilizing CSK1 as a receptor for targeted drug delivery to cancer cells, and other strategies to develop novel treatments for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluseye Ogunnigbagbe
- School of Pharmacy, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Chapman University, Irvine, California, 92618-1908, USA
| | - Christopher G. Bunick
- Department of Dermatology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, 06520-8059, USA,corresponding author
| | - Kamaljit Kaur
- School of Pharmacy, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Chapman University, Irvine, California, 92618-1908, USA,corresponding author
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Yi C, Lai SL, Tsang CM, Artemenko M, Shuen Tang MK, Pang SW, Lo KW, Tsao SW, Wong AST. A three-dimensional spheroid-specific role for Wnt-β-catenin and Eph-ephrin signaling in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:271163. [PMID: 34338780 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.256461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the greatest unmet needs hindering the successful treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinomas (NPCs) is for representative physiological and cost-effective models. Although Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection is consistently present in NPCs, most studies have focused on EBV-negative NPCs. For the first time, we established and analyzed three-dimensional (3D) spheroid models of EBV-positive and EBV-negative NPC cells and compared these to classical two-dimensional (2D) cultures in various aspects of tumor phenotype and drug responses. Compared to 2D monolayers, the 3D spheroids showed significant increases in migration capacity, stemness characteristics, hypoxia and drug resistance. Co-culture with endothelial cells, which mimics essential interactions in the tumor microenvironment, effectively enhanced spheroid dissemination. Furthermore, RNA sequencing revealed significant changes at the transcriptional level in 3D spheroids compared to expression in 2D monolayers. In particular, we identified known (VEGF, AKT and mTOR) and novel (Wnt-β-catenin and Eph-ephrin) cell signaling pathways that are activated in NPC spheroids. Targeting these pathways in 3D spheroids using FDA-approved drugs was effective in monoculture and co-culture. These findings provide the first demonstration of the establishment of EBV-positive and EBV-negative NPC 3D spheroids with features that resemble advanced and metastatic NPCs. Furthermore, we show that NPC spheroids have potential use in identifying new drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canhui Yi
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong
| | - Sook Ling Lai
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong
| | - Chi Man Tsang
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology and State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Margarita Artemenko
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong
| | - Maggie Kei Shuen Tang
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong.,Laboratory for Synthetic Chemistry and Chemical Biology Limited, 17W, Hong Kong Science and Technology Parks, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Stella W Pang
- Department of Electronic Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong.,Centre for Biosystems, Neuroscience, and Nanotechnology, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Kwok Wai Lo
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology and State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Sai Wah Tsao
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Sassoon Road, Hong Kong
| | - Alice Sze Tsai Wong
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong
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Delivery of doxorubicin loaded P18 conjugated-poly(2-ethyl-oxazoline)-DOPE nanoliposomes for targeted therapy of breast cancer. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 428:115671. [PMID: 34391753 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer, a heterogeneous disease, has the highest incidence rate and is a major cause of death in females worldwide. Drug delivery by using nanotechnology has shown great promise for improving cancer treatment. Nanoliposomes are known to have enhanced accumulation ability in tumors due to prolonged systemic circulation. Peptide 18 (P18), a tumor homing peptide targeting keratin-1 (KRT-1), was previously shown to have high binding affinity towards breast cancer cells. In this study, we investigate the ability of P18 conjugated PEtOx-DOPE nanoliposomes (P18-PEtOx-DOPE) for the targeted delivery of doxorubicin to AU565 breast cancer model. Toxicology studies of PEtOx-DOPE nanoliposomes performed on normal breast epithelial cells (MCF10A), showed minimal toxicity. Doxorubicin delivery by P18-PEtOx-DOPE to AU565 cells induces cytotoxicity in a dose and time dependent manner causing mitotic arrest in G2/M phase at 24 h. Anti-cancer activity of P18-PEtOx-DOPE-DOX nanoliposomes on AU565 cells was detected by Annexin V/PI apoptosis assay. In terms of in vivo antitumor efficacy, P18-PEtOx-DOPE-DOX nanoliposomes administration to AU565 CD-1 nu/nu mice model showed significant decrease in tumor volume suggesting that DOX delivered by these nanoliposomes elicited a strong antitumor response comparable to the free delivery of doxorubicin. Overall, our results offered preclinical proof for the use of P18-PEtOx-DOPE-DOX nanoliposomes in KRT-1+ breast cancer therapy.
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Current Status and Future Perspectives about Molecular Biomarkers of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13143490. [PMID: 34298701 PMCID: PMC8305767 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13143490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is a serious major public health problem in its endemic countries. Up to 80% of NPC patients with locally advanced disease or distant metastasis at diagnosis were associated with poor prognosis and with median survival less than 4 months. The mortality rate of NPC metastasis is up to 91%. To date, there is no available curative treatment or reliable early diagnosis or prognosis for NPC. Discovery and development of reliable early diagnosis and prognosis biomarkers for nasopharyngeal carcinoma are urgent needed. Hence, we have here listed the potential early diagnosis and prognosis biomarker candidates for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. This review will give an insight to readers on the progress of NPC biomarker discovery to date, as well as future prospective biomarker development and their translation to clinical use. Abstract Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an epithelial malignancy that shows a remarkable ethnic and geographical distribution. It is one of the major public health problems in some countries, especially Southern China and Southeast Asia, but rare in most Western countries. Multifactorial interactions such as Epstein–Barr virus infection, individual’s genetic susceptibility, as well as environmental and dietary factors may facilitate the pathogenesis of this malignancy. Late presentation and the complex nature of the disease have led it to become a major cause of mortality. Therefore, an effective, sensitive, and specific molecular biomarker is urgently needed for early disease diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction of metastasis and recurrence after treatment. In this review, we discuss the recent research status of potential biomarker discovery and the problems that need to be explored further for better NPC management. By studying the aberrant pattern of these candidate biomarkers that promote NPC development and progression, we are able to understand the complexity of this malignancy better, hence positing our stands better towards strategies that may provide a way forward to the discovery of more reliable and specific biomarkers for diagnosis and targeted therapeutic development.
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Zhang N, Zhang Y, Zhang P, Lou S, Chen Y, Li H, Zeng H, Shen Y, Deng J. Overexpression of annexin A5 might guide the gemtuzumab ozogamicin treatment choice in patients with pediatric acute myeloid leukemia. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2020; 12:1758835920927635. [PMID: 32636939 PMCID: PMC7310896 DOI: 10.1177/1758835920927635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a common hematological malignancy. Gemtuzumab
ozogamicin (GO), a humanized anti-CD33 antibody conjugated with the potent
anti-tumor antibiotic calicheamicin, represents a promising targeted therapy
for AML. Annexin A5 (ANXA5) is a proposed marker for the clinical prognosis
of AML to guide treatment choice. Methods: In total, 253 patients with pediatric AML were enrolled and divided into two
treatment groups: conventional chemotherapy alone and conventional
chemotherapy in combination with GO. Univariate, multivariate, and
Kaplan–Meier survival analyses were conducted to assess risk factors and
clinical outcomes, and to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and their 95%
confidence interval. The level of statistical significance was set at
p < 0.05. Results: In the GO treatment group, high ANXA5 expression was
considered a favorable prognostic factor for overall survival (OS) and
event-free survival (EFS). Multivariate analysis showed that high
ANXA5 expression was an independent favorable factor
for OS (HR = 0.629, p = 0.084) and EFS (HR = 0.544,
p = 0.024) distinct from the curative effect of GO
treatment. When all patients were again divided into two groups, this time
based on the median expression of ANXA5, patients
undergoing chemotherapy combined with GO had significantly better OS
(p = 0.0012) and EFS (p = 0.0003) in
the ANXA5 high-expression group. Gene set enrichment
analysis identified a relevant series of pathways associated with
glutathione metabolism, leukocyte transendothelial migration, and
hematopoietic cell lineage. Conclusion: The expression level of ANXA5 can help optimize the
treatment regimen for individual patients, and patients with overexpression
of ANXA5 may circumvent poor outcomes from chemotherapy
combined with GO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Jiangnan, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Jiangnan, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Hematology Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Shifeng Lou
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Jiangnan, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Jiangnan, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Huan Li
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Jiangnan, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Hanqing Zeng
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Jiangnan, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Yan Shen
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Jiangnan, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Jianchuan Deng
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 76 Linjiang Road, Chongqing, 400010, P.R. China
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10
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Zhang N, Zhang Y, Zhang P, Lou S, Chen Y, Li H, Zeng H, Shen Y, Deng J. Overexpression of annexin A5 might guide the gemtuzumab ozogamicin treatment choice in patients with pediatric acute myeloid leukemia. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2020; 12. [DOI: 6.doi: 10.1177/1758835920927635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2025] Open
Abstract
Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a common hematological malignancy. Gemtuzumab ozogamicin (GO), a humanized anti-CD33 antibody conjugated with the potent anti-tumor antibiotic calicheamicin, represents a promising targeted therapy for AML. Annexin A5 (ANXA5) is a proposed marker for the clinical prognosis of AML to guide treatment choice. Methods: In total, 253 patients with pediatric AML were enrolled and divided into two treatment groups: conventional chemotherapy alone and conventional chemotherapy in combination with GO. Univariate, multivariate, and Kaplan–Meier survival analyses were conducted to assess risk factors and clinical outcomes, and to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and their 95% confidence interval. The level of statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: In the GO treatment group, high ANXA5 expression was considered a favorable prognostic factor for overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS). Multivariate analysis showed that high ANXA5 expression was an independent favorable factor for OS (HR = 0.629, p = 0.084) and EFS (HR = 0.544, p = 0.024) distinct from the curative effect of GO treatment. When all patients were again divided into two groups, this time based on the median expression of ANXA5, patients undergoing chemotherapy combined with GO had significantly better OS ( p = 0.0012) and EFS ( p = 0.0003) in the ANXA5 high-expression group. Gene set enrichment analysis identified a relevant series of pathways associated with glutathione metabolism, leukocyte transendothelial migration, and hematopoietic cell lineage. Conclusion: The expression level of ANXA5 can help optimize the treatment regimen for individual patients, and patients with overexpression of ANXA5 may circumvent poor outcomes from chemotherapy combined with GO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Jiangnan, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Jiangnan, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Hematology Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Shifeng Lou
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Jiangnan, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Jiangnan, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Huan Li
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Jiangnan, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Hanqing Zeng
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Jiangnan, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Yan Shen
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Jiangnan, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Jianchuan Deng
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 76 Linjiang Road, Chongqing, 400010, P.R. China
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11
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Ziaei E, Saghaeidehkordi A, Dill C, Maslennikov I, Chen S, Kaur K. Targeting Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells with Novel Cytotoxic Peptide-Doxorubicin Conjugates. Bioconjug Chem 2019; 30:3098-3106. [PMID: 31715102 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we have designed and synthesized two novel peptide-drug conjugates (PDCs) where the drug, doxorubicin (Dox), is linked to the peptide via a succinimidyl thioether bond or a hydrazone linker. A highly specific and proteolytically stable breast cancer cell targeting peptide (WxEAAYQrFL) is conjugated to Dox to synthesize peptide-Dox thioether (1) or hydrazone (2) conjugate. The evaluation of the stability in water, media, and human serum showed that the conjugate 1 with the succinimidyl thioether linkage is more stable compared to the acid-sensitive hydrazone containing conjugate 2. The cytotoxicity studies showed that the two PDCs were as toxic as free Dox toward the triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells and were 7-30 times less toxic (IC50 1.2-4.7 μM for TNBC cells versus 15-39 μM for noncancerous cells) toward the noncancerous breast cells compared to the free doxorubicin (IC50 0.35-1.5 μM for TNBC cells versus 0.24 μM for noncancerous cells). The results from the comparative study of the two PDCs suggest that both may have translational potential for TNBC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elmira Ziaei
- Chapman University School of Pharmacy (CUSP), Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus , Chapman University , Irvine , California 92618-1908 , United States
| | - Azam Saghaeidehkordi
- Chapman University School of Pharmacy (CUSP), Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus , Chapman University , Irvine , California 92618-1908 , United States
| | - Cassandra Dill
- Chapman University School of Pharmacy (CUSP), Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus , Chapman University , Irvine , California 92618-1908 , United States
| | - Innokentiy Maslennikov
- Chapman University School of Pharmacy (CUSP), Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus , Chapman University , Irvine , California 92618-1908 , United States
| | - Shiuan Chen
- Department of Cancer Biology , Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope , Duarte , California 91010 , United States
| | - Kamaljit Kaur
- Chapman University School of Pharmacy (CUSP), Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus , Chapman University , Irvine , California 92618-1908 , United States
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12
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Peng H, Yan Z, Zeng X, Zhang S, Jiang H, Huang H, Zhuo H. Serum and tissue proteomic signatures of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma using 2‑D gel electrophoresis. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:1025-1038. [PMID: 31173207 PMCID: PMC6625405 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for ~85% of primary liver cancer cases and is a leading cause of mortality worldwide. Effective early diagnosis is difficult for HCC; however, effective biomarkers may be beneficial for diagnosis. In the current study, serum samples, and HCC and adjacent tissue samples were obtained from patients with HCC for the detection of biomarkers using 2-D gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight (TOF)/TOF mass spectrometry. The crude serum samples did not need to be prepared for removal of high abundance proteins. The mRNA expression levels of HCC-associated proteins were detected in tissues using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Statistical analysis and database matching were used to identify the differentially expressed proteins detected in the serum and tissue groups. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed to detect the expression of significant proteins in HCC and adjacent tissues. The results revealed ~800 protein spots on a 2-DE gel that were detected in serum samples, and 1,200 spots were identified in the tissue samples. The protein and mRNA expression levels of oxysterol binding protein-like 11 (OSBPL11) in HCC serum and tissue samples were consistent. Pathway analysis demonstrated that members of the apolipoprotein family, particularly apolipoprotein E (APOE), and RAS family members were closely associated in HCC, either directly or via ferratin heavy polypeptide 1. IHC results demonstrated that the APOE protein serves an important role in liver cancer development. The lysis buffer used in the current study was effective for serum protein separation in 2-DE sample preparation. In addition, the present study revealed that downregulated OSBPL11 may be a potential indicator for HCC, and the apolipoprotein family, particularly APOE, and the RAS family may cooperatively serve an important role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Peng
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471000, P.R. China
| | - Zhijian Yan
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - Xinhua Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Stress Cell Biology, School of Life Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma, The Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - Hongwei Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471000, P.R. China
| | - Heqing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Stress Cell Biology, School of Life Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - Huiqin Zhuo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
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13
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Abstract
Introduction: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a distinct head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in its etiological association of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, hidden anatomical location, remarkable racial and geographical distribution, and high incidence of locoregional recurrence or metastasis. Thanks to the advancements in proteomics in recent decades, more understanding of the disease etiology, carcinogenesis, and progression has been gained, potentially deciphering the molecular characteristics of the malignancy. Areas covered: In this review, we provide an overview of the proteomic aberrations that are likely involved or drive NPC development and progression, focusing on the contributions of major EBV-encoded factors, intercommunication with environment, protein features of high metastasis and therapy resistance, and protein-protein interactions that allow NPC cells to evade immune recognition and elimination. Finally, multistep carcinogenesis and subtypes of NPC from a proteomic perspective are inquired. Expert commentary: Proteomic studies have covered various aspects involved in NPC pathogenesis, yet much remains to be uncovered. Coherent study designs, optimal conditions for obtaining high-quality data, and compelling interpretation are critical in ensuring the emergence of good science out of NPC proteomics. NPC proteogenomics and proteoform analysis are two promising fields to promote the application of the proteomic findings from bench to bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhefeng Xiao
- a NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics , Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , P. R. China
| | - Zhuchu Chen
- a NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics , Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , P. R. China
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14
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Wang K, Chen Z, Long L, Tao Y, Wu Q, Xiang M, Liang Y, Xie X, Jiang Y, Xiao Z, Yan Y, Qiu S, Yi B. iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomic analysis of differentially expressed proteins in chemoresistant nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cancer Biol Ther 2018; 19:809-824. [PMID: 30067426 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2018.1472192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a highly prevalent disease in Southeast Asia. The disease is typically diagnosed in the later stages, and chemotherapy resistance often causes treatment failure. To investigate the underlying mechanisms of drug resistance, we searched for chemoresistant-associated proteins in NPC and drug-resistant NPC cell lines using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation combined with nano liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The chemoresistant NPC cell lines CNE1DDP and CNE2DDP were resistant to 1 mg/L cisplatin, had resistant indexes of 4.58 and 2.63, respectively, and clearly grew more slowly than the NPC cell lines CNE1 and CNE2. Using three technical replicates, we identified 690 nonredundant proteins, 56 of which were differentially expressed in both groups of cell lines (CNE1 vs. CNE1DDP and CNE2 vs. CNE2DDP). Gene Ontology, KEGG pathway, and miRNA analyses and protein-protein interactions of differentially expressed proteins showed that proteins TRIM29, HSPB1, CLIC1, ANXA1, and STMN1, among others, may play a role in the mechanisms of chemoresistance in clinical therapy. The chemotherapy-resistant proteomic profiles obtained may allow the identification of novel biomarkers for early detection of chemoresistance in NPC and other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wang
- a Department of Clinical Laboratory , Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , Hunan Province , China
| | - Zhen Chen
- a Department of Clinical Laboratory , Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , Hunan Province , China
| | - Lu Long
- a Department of Clinical Laboratory , Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , Hunan Province , China
| | - Ya Tao
- a Department of Clinical Laboratory , Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , Hunan Province , China
| | - Qiong Wu
- a Department of Clinical Laboratory , Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , Hunan Province , China
| | - Manlin Xiang
- a Department of Clinical Laboratory , Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , Hunan Province , China
| | - Yunlai Liang
- a Department of Clinical Laboratory , Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , Hunan Province , China
| | - Xulin Xie
- a Department of Clinical Laboratory , Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , Hunan Province , China
| | - Yuan Jiang
- a Department of Clinical Laboratory , Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , Hunan Province , China.,b Department of Clinical Laboratory , Hunan Cancer Hospital , Changsha , Hunan Province , China
| | - Zhiqiang Xiao
- c The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Cancer Proteomics and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province , Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , Hunan Province , China
| | - Yahui Yan
- d Department of pathology , Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , Hunan Province , China
| | - Shiyang Qiu
- a Department of Clinical Laboratory , Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , Hunan Province , China
| | - Bin Yi
- a Department of Clinical Laboratory , Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , Hunan Province , China
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15
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Proteomic Differences in Feline Fibrosarcomas Grown Using Doxorubicin-Sensitive and -Resistant Cell Lines in the Chick Embryo Model. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19020576. [PMID: 29443940 PMCID: PMC5855798 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteomic analyses are rapid and powerful tools that are used to increase the understanding of cancer pathogenesis, discover cancer biomarkers and predictive markers, and select and monitor novel targets for cancer therapy. Feline injection-site sarcomas (FISS) are aggressive skin tumours with high recurrence rates, despite treatment with surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Doxorubicin is a drug of choice for soft tissue sarcomas, including FISS. However, multidrug resistance is one of the major causes of chemotherapy failure. The main aim of the present study was to identify proteins that differentiate doxorubicin-resistant from doxorubicin-sensitive FISS using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE), followed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) analysis. Using the three-dimensional (3D) preclinical in ovo model, which resembles features of spontaneous fibrosarcomas, three significantly (p ≤ 0.05) differentially expressed proteins were identified in tumours grown from doxorubicin-resistant fibrosarcoma cell lines (FFS1 and FFS3) in comparison to the doxorubicin-sensitive one (FFS5): Annexin A5 (ANXA5), Annexin A3 (ANXA3), and meiosis-specific nuclear structural protein 1 (MNS1). Moreover, nine other proteins were significantly differentially expressed in tumours grown from the high doxorubicin-resistant cell line (FFS1) in comparison to sensitive one (FFS5). This study may be the first proteomic fingerprinting of FISS reported, identifying potential candidates for specific predictive biomarkers and research targets for doxorubicin-resistant FISS.
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16
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Soudy R, Etayash H, Bahadorani K, Lavasanifar A, Kaur K. Breast Cancer Targeting Peptide Binds Keratin 1: A New Molecular Marker for Targeted Drug Delivery to Breast Cancer. Mol Pharm 2017; 14:593-604. [PMID: 28157321 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b00652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The biomarkers or receptors expressed on cancer cells and the targeting ligands with high binding affinity for biomarkers play a key role in early detection and treatment of breast cancer. The breast cancer targeting peptide p160 (12-mer) and its enzymatically stable analogue 18-4 (10-mer) showed marked potential for breast cancer drug delivery using cell studies and animal models. Herein, we used affinity purification, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and proteomics to identify keratin 1 (KRT1) as the target receptor highly expressed on breast cancer cells for p160 peptide(s). Western blot and immunocytochemistry in MCF-7 breast cancer cells confirmed the identity of KRT1. We demonstrate that the p160 or 18-4 binding to MCF-7 breast cancer cells is dependent on the expression of KRT1, and we confirm peptide-KRT1 binding specificity using SPR experiments (Kd ∼ 1.1 μM and 0.98 μM for p160 and 18-4, respectively). Furthermore, we assessed the ability of peptide 18-4 to improve the cellular uptake and anticancer activity of a pro-apoptotic antimicrobial peptide, microcin J25 (MccJ25), in breast cancer cells. A covalent conjugate of peptide 18-4 with MccJ25 showed preferential cytotoxicity toward breast cancer cells with minimal cytotoxicity against normal HUVEC cells. The conjugate inhibited the growth of MDA-MB-435 MDR multidrug-resistant cells with an IC50 comparable to that of nonresistant cells. Conjugation improved selective cellular uptake of MccJ25, and the conjugate triggered cancer cell death by apoptosis. Our findings establish KRT1 as a new marker for breast cancer targeting. Additionally, it pinpoints the potential use of antimicrobial lasso peptides as a novel class of anticancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Soudy
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2B7, Canada.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University , Giza, Egypt
| | - Hashem Etayash
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Kamran Bahadorani
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Afsaneh Lavasanifar
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada.,Department of Chemical and Material Engineering, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2V4, Canada
| | - Kamaljit Kaur
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada.,Chapman University School of Pharmacy (CUSP), Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Chapman University , Irvine, California 92618-1908, United States
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17
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Sun X, Wei B, Liu S, Guo C, Wu N, Liu Q, Sun MZ. Anxa5 mediates the in vitro malignant behaviours of murine hepatocarcinoma Hca-F cells with high lymph node metastasis potential preferentially via ERK2/p-ERK2/c-Jun/p-c-Jun(Ser73) and E-cadherin. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 84:645-654. [PMID: 27697636 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.09.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 09/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Annexin A5 (Anxa5) is associated with the progression of some cancers, while its role and regulation mechanism in tumor lymphatic metastasis is rarely reported. This study aims to investigate the influence of Anxa5 knockdown on the malignant behaviours of murine hepatocarcinoma Hca-F cell line with high lymph node metastatic (LNM) potential and the underlying regulation mechanism. METHODS RNA interfering was performed to silence Anxa5 in Hca-F. Monoclonal shRNA-Anxa5- Hca-F cells were obtained via G418 screening by limited dilution method. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting (WB) were applied to measure Anxa5 expression levels. CCK-8, Boyden transwell-chamber and in situ LN adhesion assays were performed to explore the effects of Anxa5 on the proliferation, migration, invasion and adhesion capacities of Hca-F. WB and qRT-PCR were used to detect the level changes of key molecules in corresponding signal pathways. RESULTS We obtained two monoclonal shRNA-Anxa5-transfected Hca-F cell lines with stable knockdowns of Anxa5. Anxa5 knockdown resulted in significantly reduced proliferation, migration, invasion and in situ LN adhesion potentials of Hca-F in proportion to its knockdown extent. Anxa5 downregulation enhanced E-cadherin levels in Hca-F. Moreover, Anxa5 affected Hca-F behaviours specifically via ERK2/p-ERK2/c-Jun/p-c-Jun(Ser73) instead of p38MAPK/c-Jun, Jnk/c-Jun and AKT/c-Jun pathways. CONCLUSIONS Anxa5 mediates the in vitro malignant behaviours of murine hepatocarcinoma Hca-F cells via ERK2/c-Jun/p-c-Jun(Ser73) and ERK2/E-cadherin pathways. It is an important molecule in metastasis (especially LNM) and a potential therapeutic target for hepatocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xujuan Sun
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Bin Wei
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Shuqing Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Chunmei Guo
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Na Wu
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Qinlong Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116027, China.
| | - Ming-Zhong Sun
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
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18
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Chen ZT, Li L, Guo Y, Qu S, Zhao W, Chen H, Su F, Yin J, Mo QY, Zhu XD. Analysis of the differential secretome of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines CNE-2R and CNE-2. Oncol Rep 2015; 34:2477-88. [PMID: 26352878 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Radioresistance is the major cause of poor prognosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). To identify and characterize the secretome associated with NPC radioresistance, we compared the conditioned serum-free medium of radioresistant CNE-2R cells with that of the parental radiosensitive CNE-2 cells using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) with liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) quantitative proteomics. Before proceeding to quantitative proteomics, we investigated the survival curves of CNE-2R and CNE-2 cells by colony formation assay, and the CNE-2R survival curves were significantly higher than those for CNE-2. In total, 3,581 proteins were identified in the quantitative proteomics experiments, and 40 proteins exhibited significant differences between the CNE-2R and CNE-2 cells. Twenty-six of the 40 proteins were secreted by classical, non-classical, or exosomal secretion pathways. To verify the reliability of iTRAQ quantitative proteomics, we applied western blotting (WB) to study the secretory protein expression of fibrillin-2, CD166, sulfhydryl oxidase 1 and cofilin-2, which are involved in cell adhesion, migration and invasion. The WB results showed that fibrillin-2 (p=0.017) and sulfhydryl oxidase 1 (p=0.000) were highly expressed in the CNE-2 cells, while CD166 (p=0.012) and cofilin-2 (p=0.003) were highly expressed in the CNE-2R cells, which was in accordance with iTRAQ quantitative proteomics. Finally, a phenotypic subset of CD166-positive NPC cells was verified by immunocytochemistry. In summary, we defined a collection of secretory proteins that may be relevant to the radioresistance in NPC cells, and we determined that CD166, which is widely used as a positive marker of cancer stem cells, is expressed in NPC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Tan Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University and Cancer Institute of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University and Cancer Institute of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Ya Guo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Song Qu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University and Cancer Institute of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University and Cancer Institute of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University and Cancer Institute of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Fang Su
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University and Cancer Institute of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Jun Yin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University and Cancer Institute of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Qi-Yan Mo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University and Cancer Institute of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Dong Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University and Cancer Institute of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
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19
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A Review: Proteomics in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:15497-530. [PMID: 26184160 PMCID: PMC4519910 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160715497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2015] [Revised: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Although radiotherapy is generally effective in the treatment of major nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), this treatment still makes approximately 20% of patients radioresistant. Therefore, the identification of blood or biopsy biomarkers that can predict the treatment response to radioresistance and that can diagnosis early stages of NPC would be highly useful to improve this situation. Proteomics is widely used in NPC for searching biomarkers and comparing differentially expressed proteins. In this review, an overview of proteomics with different samples related to NPC and common proteomics methods was made. In conclusion, identical proteins are sorted as follows: Keratin is ranked the highest followed by such proteins as annexin, heat shock protein, 14-3-3σ, nm-23 protein, cathepsin, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins, enolase, triosephosphate isomerase, stathmin, prohibitin, and vimentin. This ranking indicates that these proteins may be NPC-related proteins and have potential value for further studies.
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20
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Gatti L, Cassinelli G, Zaffaroni N, Lanzi C, Perego P. New mechanisms for old drugs: Insights into DNA-unrelated effects of platinum compounds and drug resistance determinants. Drug Resist Updat 2015; 20:1-11. [PMID: 26003720 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2015.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Revised: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Platinum drugs have been widely used for the treatment of several solid tumors. Although DNA has been recognized as the primary cellular target for these agents, there are unresolved issues concerning their effects and the molecular mechanisms underlying the antitumor efficacy. These cytotoxic agents interact with sub-cellular compartments other than the nucleus. Here, we review how such emerging phenomena contribute to the pharmacologic activity as well as to drug resistance phenotypes. DNA-unrelated effects of platinum drugs involve alterations at the plasma membrane and in endo-lysosomal compartments. A direct interaction with the mitochondria also appears to be implicated in drug-induced cell death. Moreover, the pioneering work of a few groups has shown that platinum drugs can act on the tumor microenvironment as well, and potentiate antitumor activity of the immune system. These poorly understood aspects of platinum drug activity sites may be harnessed to enhance their antitumor efficacy. A complete understanding of DNA-unrelated effects of platinum compounds might reveal new aspects of drug resistance allowing the implementation of the antitumor therapeutic efficacy of platinum compound-based regimens and minimization of their toxic side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Gatti
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Amadeo 42/via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Giuliana Cassinelli
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Amadeo 42/via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Nadia Zaffaroni
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Amadeo 42/via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Cinzia Lanzi
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Amadeo 42/via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Perego
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Amadeo 42/via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy.
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21
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Wang J, Zhang Y, Liu X, Ma J, Liu P, Hu C, Zhang G. Annexin A5 inhibits diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cell invasion and chemoresistance through phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling. Oncol Rep 2014; 32:2557-63. [PMID: 25323007 DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma worldwide. Although patient outcomes have significantly improved to a greater than 40% cure rate by the combinatorial cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone (CHOP) chemotherapy, which is widely used, resistance to the CHOP regimen continues to pose a problem in managing or curing DLBCL. While it promotes the malignancy and chemo-resistance in certain types of cancer, Annexin A5 is negatively correlated with those in other cancers, including DLBCL. In the present study, we explored the effects of Annexin A5 on DLBCL cell invasion and chemoresistance to CHOP. Stable overexpression and knockdown of Annexin A5 were performed in Toledo and Pfeiffer human DLBCL cell lines. Overexpression of Annexin A5 in both cell lines significantly decreased cell invasion, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) expression/activity, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) activity/Akt phosphorylation, and cell survival against CHOP-induced apoptosis. On the other hand, knockdown of Annexin A5 markedly increased cell invasion, MMP-9 expression/activity, PI3K activity/Akt phosphorylation, and CHOP-induced apoptosis in the DLBCL cell lines, which was abolished by selective PI3K inhibitor BKM120. In conclusion, our study provides the first in vitro evidence that Annexin A5 inhibits DLBCL cell invasion, MMP-9 expression/activity, and chemoresistance to CHOP through a PI3K-dependent mechanism; it provides new insight not only into the biological function of Annexin A5, but also into the molecular mechanisms underlying DLBCL progression and chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Xianling Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Jinan Ma
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Chunhong Hu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Guangsen Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
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22
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Wu L, Yang L, Xiong Y, Guo H, Shen X, Cheng Z, Zhang Y, Gao Z, Zhu X. Annexin A5 promotes invasion and chemoresistance to temozolomide in glioblastoma multiforme cells. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:12327-37. [PMID: 25245332 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2545-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the prevalent and most fatal brain tumor in adults. Invasion and a high rate of recurrence largely contribute to the poor prognosis of GBM. The current standard therapy for GBM includes surgery with maximum feasible resection, radiotherapy, and treatment with chemotherapeutic agent temozolomide. Annexin A5 reportedly promotes progression and chemoresistance in a variety of cancers. In the present study, we explored the effects of annexin A5 on GBM cell invasion and chemoresistance to temozolomide. Stable overexpression and knockdown of annexin A5 were performed in both U-87 MG and U-118 MG human GBM cell lines. Overexpression of annexin A5 in both cell lines significantly increased cell invasion, matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) expression/activity, Akt phosphorylation at serine 473, and the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of temozolomide and markedly decreased temozolomide-induced apoptosis, all of which were abolished by selective PI3K inhibitor BKM120. On the other hand, knockdown of annexin A5 markedly decreased cell invasion, MMP-2 expression/activity, Akt phosphorylation at serine 473, and the IC50 values of temozolomide and significantly increased temozolomide-induced apoptosis. In conclusion, our study provides the first evidence that annexin A5 promotes GBM cell invasion, MMP-2 expression/activity, and chemoresistance to temozolomide through a PI3K-dependent mechanism. It adds new insights not only into the biological function of annexin A5 but also into the molecular mechanisms underlying GBM progression and chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
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23
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Xiao L, Xiao T, Wang ZM, Cho WCS, Xiao ZQ. Biomarker discovery of nasopharyngeal carcinoma by proteomics. Expert Rev Proteomics 2014; 11:215-225. [PMID: 24611579 DOI: 10.1586/14789450.2014.897613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in southern China and southern Asia, and poses one of the most serious public health problems in these areas. Early diagnosis, predicting metastasis, recurrence, prognosis and therapeutic response of NPC remain a challenge. Discovery of diagnostic and predictive biomarkers is an ideal way to achieve these objectives. Proteomics has great potential in identifying cancer biomarkers. Comparative proteomics has identified a large number of potential biomarkers associated with NPC, although the clinical performance of such biomarkers needs to be further validated. In this article, we review the latest discovery and progress of biomarkers for early diagnosis, predicting metastasis, recurrence, prognosis and therapeutic response of NPC, inform the readers of the current status of proteomics-based NPC biomarker findings and suggest avenues for future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
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24
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Peng B, Guo C, Guan H, Liu S, Sun MZ. Annexin A5 as a potential marker in tumors. Clin Chim Acta 2013; 427:42-8. [PMID: 24121031 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2013.09.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2013] [Revised: 09/20/2013] [Accepted: 09/28/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Annexin A5 (Anxa5) promotes pancreatic adenocarcinoma, sarcoma, tumorigenesis and progression of breast cancer and prostate cancer stem cells. It is involved with metastasis, invasion and development of squamous cell carcinoma, and facilitates nodal progression of bladder cancer and angiogenesis and progression of glioma. Anxa5 de-regulation is associated with drug resistance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and gastric cancer. Although Anxa5 protein up-regulation promotes cervical cancer progression, it is markedly suppressed in cervical carcinoma cells. Anxa5 is negatively correlated with thyroid cancer malignancy. In this review, we explore the mechanisms of Anxa5 action in tumors. Anxa5 could be a predictive biomarker for tumor development, metastasis and invasion, and be of diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic significance in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boya Peng
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
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25
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Identification of differentially expressed proteins in chemotherapy-sensitive and chemotherapy-resistant diffuse large B cell lymphoma by proteomic methods. Med Oncol 2013; 30:528. [PMID: 23504336 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-013-0528-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2013] [Accepted: 02/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we employed proteomic methods to identify and quantitate differentially expressed proteins between diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) tissues with low and high sensitivity to combinatorial cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP) chemotherapy and explored protein networks associated with DLBCL chemoresistance to CHOP. For proteomics analysis, DLBCL tissues were collected from 14 untreated patients. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis combined with mass spectrometry (MS) were employed to identify and quantitate differentially expressed proteins in DLBCL tissues with low or high sensitivity to CHOP chemotherapy in vitro. Nineteen proteins showing an over twofold change in the MS/MS ions score between the low sensitivity and the high sensitivity groups were identified as differentially expressed proteins and confirmed by Western blot analyses. Immunohistochemical analyses were performed in DLBCL tissue samples from 98 patients who had received four cycles of CHOP chemotherapy, which showed that expressions of the identified CHOP sensitivity biomarkers were significantly associated with therapeutic outcomes of DLBCL, suggesting that the biomarkers could be used to predict DLBCL patient outcomes. This study provides important insights into understanding the molecular basis for development of multi-drug chemoresistance in DLBCL, which may serve as a basis for identification of novel therapeutic targets and biomarkers involved in the emergence and maintenance of DLBCL resistance to CHOP.
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