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Dei Cas M, Ciniselli CM, Vergani E, Ciusani E, Aloisi M, Duroni V, Verderio P, Ghidoni R, Paroni R, Perego P, Beretta GL, Gatti L, Rodolfo M. Alterations in Plasma Lipid Profiles Associated with Melanoma and Therapy Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1558. [PMID: 38338838 PMCID: PMC10855791 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Dysfunctions of lipid metabolism are associated with tumor progression and treatment resistance of cutaneous melanoma. BRAF/MEK inhibitor resistance is linked to alterations of melanoma lipid pathways. We evaluated whether a specific lipid pattern characterizes plasma from melanoma patients and their response to therapy. Plasma samples from patients and controls were analyzed for FASN and DHCR24 levels and lipidomic profiles. FASN and DHCR24 expression resulted in association with disease condition and related to plasma cholesterol and triglycerides in patients at different disease stages (n = 144) as compared to controls (n = 115). Untargeted lipidomics in plasma (n = 40) from advanced disease patients and controls revealed altered levels of different lipids, including fatty acid derivatives and sphingolipids. Targeted lipidomics identified higher levels of dihydroceramides, ceramides, sphingomyelins, ganglioside GM3, sphingosine, sphingosine-1-phosphate, and dihydrosphingosine, saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. When melanoma patients were stratified based on a long/short-term clinical response to kinase inhibitors, differences in plasma levels were shown for saturated fatty acids (FA 16:0, FA18:0) and oleic acid (FA18:1). Our results associated altered levels of selected lipid species in plasma of melanoma patients with a more favorable prognosis. Although obtained in a small cohort, these results pave the way to lipidomic profiling for melanoma patient stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Dei Cas
- Clinical Biochemistry and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Health Sciences Department, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy; (M.D.C.); (R.G.); (R.P.)
| | - Chiara Maura Ciniselli
- Unit of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; (C.M.C.); (V.D.); (P.V.)
| | - Elisabetta Vergani
- Unit of Translational Immunology, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.A.); (M.R.)
| | - Emilio Ciusani
- Department of Diagnostic and Technology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Mariachiara Aloisi
- Unit of Translational Immunology, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.A.); (M.R.)
| | - Valeria Duroni
- Unit of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; (C.M.C.); (V.D.); (P.V.)
| | - Paolo Verderio
- Unit of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; (C.M.C.); (V.D.); (P.V.)
| | - Riccardo Ghidoni
- Clinical Biochemistry and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Health Sciences Department, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy; (M.D.C.); (R.G.); (R.P.)
| | - Rita Paroni
- Clinical Biochemistry and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Health Sciences Department, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy; (M.D.C.); (R.G.); (R.P.)
| | - Paola Perego
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Luca Beretta
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Laura Gatti
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and UCV, Neurology IX Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Monica Rodolfo
- Unit of Translational Immunology, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.A.); (M.R.)
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Guzzetti C, Corno C, Vergani E, Mirra L, Ciusani E, Rodolfo M, Perego P, Beretta GL. Kisspeptin-mediated improvement of sensitivity to BRAF inhibitors in vemurafenib-resistant melanoma cells. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1182853. [PMID: 37790750 PMCID: PMC10544897 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1182853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastatic dissemination is still one of the major causes of death of melanoma's patients. KiSS1 is a metastasis suppressor originally identified in melanoma cells, known to play an important physiological role in mammals' development and puberty. It has been previously shown that expression of KiSS1 could be increased in lung cancer cells using epigenetic agents, and that KiSS1 could have a pro-apoptotic action in combination with cisplatin. Thus, the aim of the present study was to examine in human melanoma vemurafenib sensitive- and -resistant BRAF mutant cells characterized by different mutational profiles and KiSS1, KiSS1 receptor and KiSS1 drug-induced release, if peptides derived from KiSS1 cleavage, i.e., kisspeptin 54, could increase the sensitivity to vemurafenib of human melanoma, using cellular, molecular and biochemical approaches. We found that kisspeptin 54 increases vemurafenib pro-apoptotic activity in a statistically significant manner, also in drug resistant cellular models. The efficacy of the combination appears to reflect the intrinsic susceptibility of each cell line to PLX4032-induced apoptosis, together with the different mutational profile as well as perturbation of proteins regulating the apoptotic pathway, The results presented here highlight the possibility to exploit KiSS1 to modulate the apoptotic response to therapeutically relevant agents, suggesting a multitasking function of this metastasis suppressor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Guzzetti
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Corno
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Vergani
- Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Mirra
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Emilio Ciusani
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology and Medical Genetics, Istituto Neurologico Fondazione C. Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Rodolfo
- Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Perego
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni L. Beretta
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Milan, Milan, Italy
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Corno C, Beretta GL, Perego P. Concomitant Targeting of MDM2 and MEK: A New Translatable Combinatorial Strategy? J Thorac Oncol 2023; 18:1111-1113. [PMID: 37599041 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2023.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Corno
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Luca Beretta
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Perego
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.
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Zuccolo M, Orsini G, Quaglia M, Mirra L, Corno C, Carenini N, Perego P, Colombo D. Synthesis of N-oxyamide analogues of protein kinase B (Akt) targeting anionic glycoglycerolipids and their antiproliferative activity on human ovarian carcinoma cells. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:6572-6587. [PMID: 37526931 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob00891f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
N-Oxyamides of bioactive anionic glycoglycerolipids based on 2-O-β-D-glucosylglycerol were efficiently prepared. However, the oxidation step of the primary hydroxyl group of the glucose moiety in the presence of the N-oxyamide function appeared to be a difficult task that was nevertheless conveniently achieved for the first time by employing a chemoenzymatic laccase/TEMPO procedure. The obtained N-oxyamides exhibited a higher inhibition of proliferation of ovarian carcinoma IGROV-1 cells in serum-free medium than in complete medium, similarly to the corresponding bioactive esters. Stability and serum binding studies indicated that the observed reduced activity of the compounds in complete medium could be mainly due to a binding effect of serum proteins rather than the hydrolytic degradation of glycoglycerolipid acyl chains. Furthermore, the results of the cellular studies under serum-free conditions suggested that the N-oxyamide group could increase the antiproliferative activity of a glycoglycerolipid independently of the presence of the anionic carboxylic group. Cellular studies in other cell lines besides IGROV-1 also support a certain degree of selectivity of this series of compounds for tumor cells with Akt hyperactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Zuccolo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Giulia Orsini
- NOVA Institute of Chemical and Biological Technology António Xavier, New University of Lisbon, Av. da Repύblica, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Martina Quaglia
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Saldini 50, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Luca Mirra
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, via Amadeo 42, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Corno
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, via Amadeo 42, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Nives Carenini
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, via Amadeo 42, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Perego
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, via Amadeo 42, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Diego Colombo
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Saldini 50, 20133 Milano, Italy.
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Corno C, D’Arcy P, Bagnoli M, Paolini B, Costantino M, Carenini N, Corna E, Alberti P, Mezzanzanica D, Colombo D, Linder S, Arrighetti N, Perego P. The deubiquitinase USP8 regulates ovarian cancer cell response to cisplatin by suppressing apoptosis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1055067. [PMID: 36578788 PMCID: PMC9791127 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1055067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of therapeutic approaches to improve response to platinum-based therapies is an urgent need for ovarian carcinoma. Deubiquitinases are a large family of ubiquitin proteases implicated in a variety of cellular functions and may contribute to tumor aggressive features through regulation of processes such as proliferation and cell death. Among the subfamily of ubiquitin-specific peptidases, USP8 appears to be involved in modulation of cancer cell survival by still poorly understood mechanisms. Thus, we used ovarian carcinoma cells of different histotypes, including cisplatin-resistant variants with increased survival features to evaluate the efficacy of molecular targeting of USP8 as a strategy to overcome drug resistance/modulate cisplatin response. We performed biochemical analysis of USP8 activity in pairs of cisplatin-sensitive and -resistant cells and found increased USP8 activity in resistant cells. Silencing of USP8 resulted in decreased activation of receptor tyrosine kinases and increased sensitivity to cisplatin in IGROV-1/Pt1 resistant cells as shown by colony forming assay. Increased cisplatin sensitivity was associated with enhanced cisplatin-induced caspase 3/7 activation and apoptosis, a phenotype also observed in cisplatin sensitive cells. Increased apoptosis was linked to FLIPL decrease and cisplatin induction of caspase 3 in IGROV-1/Pt1 cells, cisplatin-induced claspin and survivin down-regulation in IGROV-1 cells, thereby showing a decrease of anti-apoptotic proteins. Immunohistochemical staining on 65 clinical specimens from advanced stage ovarian carcinoma indicated that 40% of tumors were USP8 positive suggesting that USP8 is an independent prognostic factor for adverse outcome when considering progression free survival as a clinical end-point. Taken together, our results support that USP8 may be of diagnostic value and may provide a therapeutic target to improve the efficacy of platinum-based therapy in ovarian carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Corno
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Unit of Molecular Pharmacology, Milan, Italy
| | - Padraig D’Arcy
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Marina Bagnoli
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Unit of Molecular Therapies, Milan, Italy
| | - Biagio Paolini
- Pathology Unit 1, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Costantino
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Unit of Molecular Pharmacology, Milan, Italy
| | - Nives Carenini
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Unit of Molecular Pharmacology, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Corna
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Unit of Molecular Pharmacology, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Alberti
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Unit of Molecular Therapies, Milan, Italy
| | - Delia Mezzanzanica
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Unit of Molecular Therapies, Milan, Italy
| | - Diego Colombo
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Stig Linder
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden,Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Noemi Arrighetti
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Unit of Molecular Pharmacology, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Perego
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Unit of Molecular Pharmacology, Milan, Italy,*Correspondence: Paola Perego,
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Vergani E, Beretta GL, Aloisi M, Costantino M, Corno C, Frigerio S, Tinelli S, Dugo M, Accattatis FM, Granata A, Arnaboldi L, Rodolfo M, Perego P, Gatti L. Targeting of the Lipid Metabolism Impairs Resistance to BRAF Kinase Inhibitor in Melanoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:927118. [PMID: 35912092 PMCID: PMC9326082 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.927118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance limits the achievement of persistent cures for the treatment of melanoma, in spite of the efficacy of the available drugs. The aim of the present study was to explore the involvement of lipid metabolism in melanoma resistance and assess the effects of its targeting in cellular models of melanoma with acquired resistance to the BRAF-inhibitor PLX4032/Vemurafenib. Since transcriptional profiles pointed to decreased cholesterol and fatty acids synthesis in resistant cells as compared to their parental counterparts, we examined lipid composition profiles of resistant cells, studied cell growth dependence on extracellular lipids, assessed the modulation of enzymes controlling the main nodes in lipid biosynthesis, and evaluated the effects of targeting Acetyl-CoA Acetyltransferase 2 (ACAT2), the first enzyme in the cholesterol synthesis pathway, and Acyl-CoA Cholesterol Acyl Transferase (ACAT/SOAT), which catalyzes the intracellular esterification of cholesterol and the formation of cholesteryl esters. We found a different lipid composition in the resistant cells, which displayed reduced saturated fatty acids (SFA), increased monounsaturated (MUFA) and polyunsaturated (PUFA), and reduced cholesteryl esters (CE) and triglycerides (TG), along with modulated expression of enzymes regulating biosynthetic nodes of the lipid metabolism. The effect of tackling lipid metabolism pathways in resistant cells was evidenced by lipid starvation, which reduced cell growth, increased sensitivity to the BRAF-inhibitor PLX4032, and induced the expression of enzymes involved in fatty acid and cholesterol metabolism. Molecular targeting of ACAT2 or pharmacological inhibition of SOAT by avasimibe showed antiproliferative effects in melanoma cell lines and a synergistic drug interaction with PLX4032, an effect associated to increased ferroptosis. Overall, our findings reveal that lipid metabolism affects melanoma sensitivity to BRAF inhibitors and that extracellular lipid availability may influence tumor cell response to treatment, a relevant finding in the frame of personalized therapy. In addition, our results indicate new candidate targets for drug combination treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Vergani
- Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni L. Beretta
- Unit of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Mariachiara Aloisi
- Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Costantino
- Unit of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Corno
- Unit of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Frigerio
- Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Stella Tinelli
- Unit of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Dugo
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Felice Maria Accattatis
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Agnese Granata
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences DISFeB, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Arnaboldi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences DISFeB, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Rodolfo
- Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
- *Correspondence: Monica Rodolfo,
| | - Paola Perego
- Unit of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Gatti
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Fondazione IRCSS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
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Gatti L, Rolli L, Corno C, Carenini N, Corna E, Ciusani E, Frigerio S, Pogliani S, Guarino C, Ravagnani F, Pastorino U, Sozzi G, Macciotta A, Verderio P, Ciniselli CM, Perego P. Increased serum levels of KiSS1-derived peptides in non-small cell lung cancer patient liquid biopsies and biological relevance. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2022; 11:1315-1326. [PMID: 35958339 PMCID: PMC9359955 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-22-52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Background The secreted products of the metastasis suppressor gene KiSS1 may represent useful biomarkers in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) but their levels in patients have remained poorly investigated. We previously found that forced expression of KiSS1 decreased the invasive capability of NSCLC drug-resistant cells and a pro-apoptotic role for KiSS1 has been proposed in head and neck cancer. Thus, we designed a translational investigation including a pilot study to analyze KiSS1 levels in liquid biopsies, and in vitro experiments to explore the biological relevance of KiSS1 modulation. Methods KiSS1-derived peptide levels in liquid biopsies from 60 NSCLC patients were assayed by ELISA. Preclinical experiments were carried out using quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), ELISA, annexin V-binding and caspase activation assays. Results We compared KiSS1 release in 3 different matrices (serum, plasma and urine) and the highest levels were detectable in serum (range, 0–4.5 ng/mL). We observed increased levels of seric KiSS1 in NSCLC patients as compared to healthy donors. KiSS1 serum concentrations, after surgical procedure and/or adjuvant therapy. We observed differences among disease stages in urine samples. In preclinical models, KiSS1 mRNA levels were increased by short term exposure to azacytidine, enhanced KiSS1 release was induced by the combination of azacytidine and cisplatin and KiSS1-derived peptides enhanced cisplatin-induced apoptosis. KiSS1 increase was observed upon exposure neurons-enriched cultures to tumor cell conditioned medium. Conclusions Our results showing a peculiar modulation of KiSS1 levels in liquid biopsies of NSCLC patients and a regulation of cisplatin-induced apoptosis by KiSS1-derived peptides support an involvement of KiSS1 in cell response to treatment and highlight its promising features as a potential biomarker in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Gatti
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Neurology IX, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi Rolli
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Corno
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Nives Carenini
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Corna
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Emilio Ciusani
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology and Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Frigerio
- Cell Therapy Production Unit, Neurology IX, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Pogliani
- Cell Therapy Production Unit, Neurology IX, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Carmela Guarino
- Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine Service, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Ravagnani
- Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine Service, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Ugo Pastorino
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriella Sozzi
- Tumor Genomics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Macciotta
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Paolo Verderio
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara M. Ciniselli
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Perego
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
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Costantino M, Corno C, Colombo D, Perego P. Curcumin and Related Compounds in Cancer Cells: New Avenues for Old Molecules. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:889816. [PMID: 35685638 PMCID: PMC9170941 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.889816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Curcumin and related compounds are known for the large spectrum of activities. The chemical features of these compounds are important for their biological effects with a key role for the thiol-reactive α−β unsaturated carbonyl groups. Curcumin derivatives may overcome the limitation of the bioavailability of the parent compound, while maintaining the key chemical features responsible for biological activities. Curcumin and related compounds show anti-viral, anti-fungal, anti-microbial and anti-tumor activities. The therapeutic effects of curcumin, used as a supplement in cancer therapy, have been documented in various cancer types, in which inhibition of cell growth and survival pathways, induction of apoptosis and other cell death pathways have been reported. Curcumin-induced apoptosis has been linked both to the intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways. Necroptosis has also been involved in curcumin-induced toxicity. Among curcumin-induced effects, ferroptosis has also been described. The mechanism of curcumin toxicity can be triggered by reactive oxygen species-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress. Curcumin targets have been identified in the context of the ubiquitin-proteasome system with evidence of inhibition of the proteasome proteolytic activities and cellular deubiquitinases. Curcumin has recently been shown to act on the tumor microenvironment with effects on cancer-associated fibroblasts and immune cells. The related product caffeic acid phenethyl ester has shown promising preclinical results with an effect on the inflammatory microenvironment. Here, we review the mechanisms underlying curcumin and derivatives toxicity towards cancer cells with particular emphasis on cell death pathways and the ubiquitin-proteasome system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Costantino
- Unit of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Corno
- Unit of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Diego Colombo
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Perego
- Unit of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
- *Correspondence: Paola Perego,
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Mazzini S, Princiotto S, Musso L, Passarella D, Beretta GL, Perego P, Dallavalle S. Synthesis and Investigation of the G-Quadruplex Binding Properties of Kynurenic Acid Derivatives with a Dihydroimidazoquinoline-3,5-dione Core. Molecules 2022; 27:2791. [PMID: 35566141 PMCID: PMC9103425 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
G-quadruplexes are secondary structures originating from nucleic acid regions rich in guanines, which are well known for their involvement in gene transcription and regulation and DNA damage repair. In recent studies from our group, kynurenic acid (KYNA) derivative 1 was synthesized and found to share the structural features typical of G-quadruplex binders. Herein, structural modifications were conducted on this scaffold in order to assist the binding with a G-quadruplex, by introducing charged hydrophilic groups. The antiproliferative activity of the new analogues was evaluated on an IGROV-1 human ovarian cancer cell line, and the most active compound, compound 9, was analyzed with NMR spectrometry in order to investigate its binding mode with DNA. The results indicated that a weak, non-specific interaction was set with duplex nucleotides; on the other hand, titration in the presence of a G-quadruplex from human telomere d(TTAGGGT)4 showed a stable, although not strong, interaction at the 3'-end of the nucleotidic sequence, efficiently assisted by salt bridges between the quaternary nitrogen and the external phosphate groups. Overall, this work can be considered a platform for the development of a new class of potential G-quadruplex stabilizing molecules, confirming the crucial role of a planar system and the ability of charged nitrogen-containing groups to facilitate the binding to G-quadruplex grooves and loops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Mazzini
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.M.); (L.M.); (S.D.)
| | - Salvatore Princiotto
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.M.); (L.M.); (S.D.)
| | - Loana Musso
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.M.); (L.M.); (S.D.)
| | | | - Giovanni Luca Beretta
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Via Amadeo 42, 20133 Milan, Italy; (G.L.B.); (P.P.)
| | - Paola Perego
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Via Amadeo 42, 20133 Milan, Italy; (G.L.B.); (P.P.)
| | - Sabrina Dallavalle
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.M.); (L.M.); (S.D.)
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10
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Cimini S, Giaccone G, Tagliavini F, Costantino M, Perego P, Rossi G. P301L tau mutation leads to alterations of cell cycle, DNA damage response and apoptosis: evidence for a role of tau in cancer. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 200:115043. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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11
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Perego
- Fondazione IRCCS
Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori
Milan
Italy
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12
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Maracci C, Motta S, Romagnoli A, Costantino M, Perego P, Di Marino D. The mTOR/4E-BP1/eIF4E signalling pathway as source of cancer drug targets. Curr Med Chem 2022; 29:3501-3529. [PMID: 35209811 DOI: 10.2174/0929867329666220224112042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The mechanistic/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is the crucial hub of signalling pathways that regulate essential steps in the cell life cycle. Once incorporated in the mTORC1 complex, mTOR phosphorylates the eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E)- binding protein 1 (4E-BP1), which then releases eIF4E. When not bound to 4E-BPs, eIF4E recognizes the mRNA 5'-cap structure and, together with eIF4A and eIF4G, it forms the eIF4F complex that recruits the ribosome on the mRNA. Under normal conditions, the cellular concentration of eIF4E is very low, making eIF4E the limiting factor in the initiation of protein synthesis. The vast majority of cancer types are characterized by the simultaneous deregulation of the mTOR/4E-BP1 signaling pathway and upregulation of eIF4E, which lead to an increased expression of cancer-promoting genes and deregulated cellular growth. Over the last decades, a growing number of selective inhibitors of the mTOR/4E-BP1/eIF4E pathway have been discovered or designed. Several inhibitors with encouraging preclinical results have been tested in clinical trials. This review summarizes the most recent research on drug development against mTOR, 4E-BP1 and eIF4E, describing the design rationale and the available structural and functional data on the most promising compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Maracci
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Stefano Motta
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Alice Romagnoli
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Matteo Costantino
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Perego
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Di Marino
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
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13
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Perego
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Milan, Italy
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14
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Zuccolo M, Arrighetti N, Perego P, Colombo D. Recent Progresses in Conjugation with Bioactive Ligands to Improve the Anticancer Activity of Platinum Compounds. Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:2566-2601. [PMID: 34365939 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210806110857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Platinum (Pt) drugs, including cisplatin, are widely used for the treatment of solid tumors. Despite the clinical success, side effects and occurrence of resistance represent major limitations to the use of clinically available Pt drugs. To overcome these problems, a variety of derivatives have been designed and synthetized. Here, we summarize the recent progress in the development of Pt(II) and Pt(IV) complexes with bioactive ligands. The development of Pt(II) and Pt(IV) complexes with targeting molecules, clinically available agents, and other bioactive molecules is an active field of research. Even if none of the reported Pt derivatives has been yet approved for clinical use, many of these compounds exhibit promising anticancer activities with an improved pharmacological profile. Thus, planning hybrid compounds can be considered as a promising approach to improve the available Pt-based anticancer agents and to obtain new molecular tools to deepen the knowledge of cancer progression and drug resistance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Zuccolo
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan. Italy
| | - Noemi Arrighetti
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan. Italy
| | - Paola Perego
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan. Italy
| | - Diego Colombo
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan. Italy
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15
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Stamatakos S, Beretta GL, Vergani E, Dugo M, Corno C, Corna E, Tinelli S, Frigerio S, Ciusani E, Rodolfo M, Perego P, Gatti L. Deregulated FASN Expression in BRAF Inhibitor-Resistant Melanoma Cells Unveils New Targets for Drug Combinations. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13092284. [PMID: 34068792 PMCID: PMC8126202 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic changes promoting cell survival are involved in metastatic melanoma progression and in the development of drug resistance. In BRAF-inhibitor resistant melanoma cells, we explored the role of FASN, an enzyme involved in lipogenesis overexpressed in metastatic melanoma. Resistant melanoma cells displaying enhanced migratory and pro-invasive abilities increased sensitivity to the BRAF inhibitor PLX4032 upon the molecular targeting of FASN and upon treatment with the FASN inhibitor orlistat. This behavior was associated with a marked apoptosis and caspase 3/7 activation observed for the drug combination. The expression of FASN was found to be inversely associated with drug resistance in BRAF-mutant cell lines, both in a set of six resistant/sensitive matched lines and in the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia. A favorable drug interaction in resistant cells was also observed with U18666 A inhibiting DHCR24, which increased upon FASN targeting. The simultaneous combination of the two inhibitors showed a synergistic interaction with PLX4032 in resistant cells. In conclusion, FASN plays a role in BRAF-mutated melanoma progression, thereby creating novel therapeutic opportunities for the treatment of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Stamatakos
- Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.S.); (G.L.B.); (M.D.); (C.C.); (E.C.); (S.T.); (P.P.)
| | - Giovanni Luca Beretta
- Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.S.); (G.L.B.); (M.D.); (C.C.); (E.C.); (S.T.); (P.P.)
| | - Elisabetta Vergani
- Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; (E.V.); (S.F.)
| | - Matteo Dugo
- Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.S.); (G.L.B.); (M.D.); (C.C.); (E.C.); (S.T.); (P.P.)
| | - Cristina Corno
- Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.S.); (G.L.B.); (M.D.); (C.C.); (E.C.); (S.T.); (P.P.)
| | - Elisabetta Corna
- Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.S.); (G.L.B.); (M.D.); (C.C.); (E.C.); (S.T.); (P.P.)
| | - Stella Tinelli
- Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.S.); (G.L.B.); (M.D.); (C.C.); (E.C.); (S.T.); (P.P.)
| | - Simona Frigerio
- Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; (E.V.); (S.F.)
| | - Emilio Ciusani
- Department of Diagnostic and Technology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Monica Rodolfo
- Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; (E.V.); (S.F.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Paola Perego
- Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.S.); (G.L.B.); (M.D.); (C.C.); (E.C.); (S.T.); (P.P.)
| | - Laura Gatti
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy;
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16
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Perego
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Milan,Italy
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17
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Dal Corso A, Arosio S, Arrighetti N, Perego P, Belvisi L, Pignataro L, Gennari C. A trifunctional self-immolative spacer enables drug release with two non-sequential enzymatic cleavages. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:7778-7781. [PMID: 34263896 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc02895b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Cyclative cleavage of an amine-carbamate self-immolative spacer to deliver a hydroxyl cargo was inhibited by spacer derivatisation with a phosphate monoester handle. This trifunctional spacer was installed in a model anticancer prodrug that showed fast drug release only when incubated with both a protease and a phosphatase enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Dal Corso
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Chimica, via C. Golgi, 19, Milan, I-20133, Italy.
| | - Simone Arosio
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Chimica, via C. Golgi, 19, Milan, I-20133, Italy.
| | - Noemi Arrighetti
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, via Amadeo 42, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Paola Perego
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, via Amadeo 42, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Laura Belvisi
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Chimica, via C. Golgi, 19, Milan, I-20133, Italy.
| | - Luca Pignataro
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Chimica, via C. Golgi, 19, Milan, I-20133, Italy.
| | - Cesare Gennari
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Chimica, via C. Golgi, 19, Milan, I-20133, Italy.
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18
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Abstract
Platinum (Pt) compounds entered the clinic as anticancer agents when cisplatin was approved in 1978. More than 40 years later, even in the era of precision medicine and immunotherapy, Pt drugs remain among the most widely used anticancer drugs. As Pt drugs mainly target DNA, it is not surprising that recent insights into alterations of DNA repair mechanisms provide a useful explanation for their success. Many cancers have defective DNA repair, a feature that also sheds new light on the mechanisms of secondary drug resistance, such as the restoration of DNA repair pathways. In addition, genome-wide functional screening approaches have revealed interesting insights into Pt drug uptake. About half of cisplatin and carboplatin but not oxaliplatin may enter cells through the widely expressed volume-regulated anion channel (VRAC). The analysis of this heteromeric channel in tumour biopsies may therefore be a useful biomarker to stratify patients for initial Pt treatments. Moreover, Pt-based approaches may be improved in the future by the optimization of combinations with immunotherapy, management of side effects and use of nanodelivery devices. Hence, Pt drugs may still be part of the standard of care for several cancers in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Rottenberg
- Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Bern Center for Precision Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Carmen Disler
- Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Paola Perego
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.
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19
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Perego P. Tackling cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer: what can we do? CDR 2021; 4:755-757. [PMID: 35582376 PMCID: PMC8992457 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2021.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Perego
- Correspondence to: Dr. Paola Perego, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Molecular Pharmacology, via Amadeo 42, Milan 20133, Italy. E-mail:
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20
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Beretta GL, Vergani E, Corno C, Tinelli S, Rodolfo M, Gatti L, Perego P. Abstract 1899: Extracellular lipid starvation modulates the effects of BRAF inhibitors in melanoma. Cancer Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2020-1899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Melanoma is the most aggressive of all skin cancers, being the leading cause of death for cutaneous malignancy, with elevated metastatic spread and drug resistance. Because the deregulation of components of lipid metabolism may contribute to melanoma cell resistance, the aim of this study was to examine the dependence of melanoma cell growth on extracellular lipids, the associated lipid metabolism gene expression profiles and lipid impact on sensitivity to BRAF inhibitors. We applied preclinical pharmacology approaches including western blot analyses, growth inhibition assays quantitative Real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) in melanoma cell lines including variants with acquired resistance to BRAF inhibitors. Two matched pairs of sensitive and PLX4032-resistant cell lines (LM16 and LM36) were used. Both pairs carried V600E BRAF gene mutation and BRAF gene amplification, and LM36R displayed mutant NRAS. When compared to the parental sensitive cells, LM16R cells showed increased activation of MAPK-ERK and PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathways, while LM36R cells displayed increased activation of IGF1R and LKB1. Under standard culture conditions, when compared to the parental sensitive cells, both the resistant variants showed reduced expression of DHCR24 (24-Dehydrocholesterol Reductase), and LM16R showed reduced protein level of the lipogenic enzyme FASN (Fatty Acid Synthase) while LM36R cells displayed similar FASN protein levels. When grown in lipid-free medium, LM16 and LM16R cells increased the expression of both FASN and DHCR24 proteins. These changes were particularly evident for DHCR24 in LM16R cells after 48 h of growth in the absence of lipids. Lipid starvation markedly reduced cell growth of LM16-LM16R as well as LM36-LM36R pairs over time, albeit with a lower impact at higher cell density. Growth inhibition assays indicated that all the cells cultured in lipid-free medium were more sensitive to PLX4032 than those cultured in standard medium. An analysis of the expression of lipid metabolism genes by qRT-PCR showed that after 48 hours under lipid-free culture conditions the levels of FASN were slightly increased in LM16 and LM16R cells but not in the LM36 pair. Conversely, the mRNA levels of DHCR24 were enhanced upon lipid starvation only in LM16 and LM16R cell lines. Besides, under these conditions, HMGCR (3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl-CoA Reductase) mRNA levels increased in LM16, LM16R and LM36R cell lines. ACSS2 (Acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase 2) was increased particularly in the LM16 cells. These findings suggest that lipid starvation redirects lipid pathways toward cholesterol synthesis (acetate-cholesterol) by increasing ACSS2, HMGCR as well as DHCR24 levels. Thus, extracellular lipid availability may influence tumor cell response to treatment, a finding to be considered in the frame of a personalized therapy tailored to the specific characteristics of each patient.
Citation Format: Giovanni L. Beretta, Elisabetta Vergani, Cristina Corno, Stella Tinelli, Monica Rodolfo, Laura Gatti, Paola Perego. Extracellular lipid starvation modulates the effects of BRAF inhibitors in melanoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 1899.
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Corno C, Arrighetti N, Ciusani E, Corna E, Carenini N, Zaffaroni N, Gatti L, Perego P. Synergistic Interaction of Histone Deacetylase 6- and MEK-Inhibitors in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:610. [PMID: 32754596 PMCID: PMC7365948 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In spite of new knowledge on prostate cancer molecular landscape, this has been only partially translated to the therapeutic setting. The activation of Ras/Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling plays an important role in progression of prostate cancer in which deregulation of histone deacetylases (HDAC) is frequent. Based on the notion that HDAC inhibitors may reactivate the expression of genes favoring cell response to drugs, the aim of this study was to investigate the interaction between the HDAC6-specific inhibitor ricolinostat (ACY1215) and the MEK-inhibitor selumetinib (AZD6244) to identify effective combinations in prostate cancer models. Using cell lines exhibiting differential activation of survival pathways (PC3, DU145, 22Rv1) and following different treatment schedules, a synergistic interaction was observed in all cell models, the drug combination being particularly effective in 22Rv1 cells. Marginal levels of apoptosis were observed in PC3 cells after combined treatment, whereas higher levels were achieved in DU145 and 22Rv1 cells. RNAi-mediated knockdown of HDAC6 in selumetinib-treated 22Rv1 cells resulted in increased apoptosis. Combined treatment suppressed the constitutively deregulated survival pathways in all cell lines. A decrease of androgen receptor (AR)-dependent gene (KLK2, DUSP1) mRNA levels was observed in 22Rv1 treated cells, associated with increased AR cytoplasmatic expression, suggesting AR signaling down-regulation, not involving Hsp90 acetylation. When a taxane was used in combination with AZD6244 and ACY1215 by a simultaneous schedule, a synergistic cytotoxic effect together with increased apoptosis was evidenced in all cell models. These results support a rational use of targeted agents to improve prostate cancer cell apoptotic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Corno
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Noemi Arrighetti
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Emilio Ciusani
- Neurological Biochemistry and Neuropharmacology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Corna
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Nives Carenini
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Nadia Zaffaroni
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Gatti
- Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory, Cerebrovascular Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Perego
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
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Dal Corso A, Borlandelli V, Corno C, Perego P, Belvisi L, Pignataro L, Gennari C. Fast Cyclization of a Proline-Derived Self-Immolative Spacer Improves the Efficacy of Carbamate Prodrugs. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:4176-4181. [PMID: 31881115 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201916394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Self-immolative (SI) spacers are sophisticated chemical constructs designed for molecular delivery or material degradation. We describe herein a (S)-2-(aminomethyl)pyrrolidine SI spacer that is able to release different types of anticancer drugs (possessing either a phenolic or secondary and tertiary hydroxyl groups) through a fast cyclization mechanism involving carbamate cleavage. The high efficiency of drug release obtained with this spacer was found to be beneficial for the in vitro cytotoxic activity of protease-sensitive prodrugs, compared with a commonly used spacer of the same class. These findings expand the repertoire of degradation machineries and are instrumental for the future development of highly efficient delivery platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Dal Corso
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Chimica, via C. Golgi, 19, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Borlandelli
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Chimica, via C. Golgi, 19, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Corno
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, via Amadeo 42, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Perego
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, via Amadeo 42, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Belvisi
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Chimica, via C. Golgi, 19, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Pignataro
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Chimica, via C. Golgi, 19, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Cesare Gennari
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Chimica, via C. Golgi, 19, 20133, Milan, Italy
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23
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Dal Corso A, Borlandelli V, Corno C, Perego P, Belvisi L, Pignataro L, Gennari C. Fast Cyclization of a Proline‐Derived Self‐Immolative Spacer Improves the Efficacy of Carbamate Prodrugs. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201916394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Dal Corso
- Università degli Studi di Milano Dipartimento di Chimica via C. Golgi, 19 20133 Milan Italy
| | - Valentina Borlandelli
- Università degli Studi di Milano Dipartimento di Chimica via C. Golgi, 19 20133 Milan Italy
| | - Cristina Corno
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Molecular Pharmacology Unit Department of Applied Research and Technological Development via Amadeo 42 20133 Milan Italy
| | - Paola Perego
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Molecular Pharmacology Unit Department of Applied Research and Technological Development via Amadeo 42 20133 Milan Italy
| | - Laura Belvisi
- Università degli Studi di Milano Dipartimento di Chimica via C. Golgi, 19 20133 Milan Italy
| | - Luca Pignataro
- Università degli Studi di Milano Dipartimento di Chimica via C. Golgi, 19 20133 Milan Italy
| | - Cesare Gennari
- Università degli Studi di Milano Dipartimento di Chimica via C. Golgi, 19 20133 Milan Italy
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24
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Perego
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Milan, Italy
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25
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Molinaro N, Massaroni C, Lo Presti D, Saccomandi P, Di Tomaso G, Zollo L, Perego P, Andreoni G, Schena E. Wearable textile based on silver plated knitted sensor for respiratory rate monitoring. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2019; 2018:2865-2868. [PMID: 30440999 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2018.8512958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Wearable systems are gaining broad acceptance for monitoring physiological parameters in several medical applications. Among a number of approaches, smart textiles have attracted interest because they are comfortable and do not impair patients' movements. In this article, we aim at developing a smart textile for respiratory monitoring based on a piezoresistive sensing element. Firstly, the calibration curve of the system and its hysteresis have been investigated. Then, the proposed system has been assessed on 6 healthy subjects. The volunteers were invited to wear the system to monitor their breathing rate. The results of the calibration show a good mean sensitivity (i.e., approximately 0.11V·%-1); although the hysteresis is not negligible, the system can follow the cycles also at high rates (up to 36 cycle·min-1). The feasibility assessment on 6 volunteers (two trials for each one) shows that the proposed system can estimate with good accuracy the breathing rate. Indeed, the results obtained by the proposed system were compared with the ones collected with a spirometer, used as reference. Considering all the experiments, a mean percentage error was approximately 2%. In conclusion, the proposed system has several valuable features (e.g., the sensing element is lightweight, the sensitivity is high, and it is possible to develop comfortable smart textile); in addition, the promising performances considering both metrological properties and assessment on volunteers foster future tests focused on: i) the possibility of developing and system embedding several sensing elements, and ii) to develop a wireless acquisition system, to allow comfortable and long-term acquisition in both patients and during sport activities.
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Mofers A, Perego P, Selvaraju K, Gatti L, Gullbo J, Linder S, D'Arcy P. Analysis of determinants for in vitro resistance to the small molecule deubiquitinase inhibitor b-AP15. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0223807. [PMID: 31639138 PMCID: PMC6804958 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND b-AP15/VLX1570 are small molecule inhibitors of the ubiquitin specific peptidase 14 (USP14) and ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 5 (UCHL5) deubiquitinases (DUBs) of the 19S proteasome. b-AP15/VLX1570 have been shown to be cytotoxic to cells resistant to bortezomib, raising the possibility that this class of drugs can be used as a second-line therapy for treatment-resistant multiple myeloma. Limited information is available with regard to potential resistance mechanisms to b-AP15/VLX1570. RESULTS We found that b-AP15-induced cell death is cell-cycle dependent and that non-cycling tumor cells may evade b-AP15-induced cell death. Such non-cycling cells may re-enter the proliferative state to form colonies of drug-sensitive cells. Long-term selection of cells with b-AP15 resulted in limited drug resistance (~2-fold) that could be reversed by buthionine sulphoximine, implying altered glutathione (GSH) metabolism as a resistance mechanism. In contrast, drug uptake and overexpression of drug efflux transporters were found not to be associated with b-AP15 resistance. CONCLUSIONS The proteasome DUB inhibitors b-AP15/VLX1570 are cell cycle-active. The slow and incomplete development of resistance towards these compounds is an attractive feature in view of future clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjan Mofers
- Department of Medicine and Health, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Paola Perego
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Karthik Selvaraju
- Department of Medicine and Health, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Laura Gatti
- Cerebrovascular Unit, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Joachim Gullbo
- Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Science, Section of Oncology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Stig Linder
- Department of Medicine and Health, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Padraig D'Arcy
- Department of Medicine and Health, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- * E-mail:
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Leonetti A, Sharma S, Minari R, Perego P, Giovannetti E, Tiseo M. Resistance mechanisms to osimertinib in EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer. Br J Cancer 2019; 121:725-737. [PMID: 31564718 PMCID: PMC6889286 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-019-0573-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 617] [Impact Index Per Article: 123.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Osimertinib is an irreversible, third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor that is highly selective for EGFR-activating mutations as well as the EGFR T790M mutation in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with EGFR oncogene addiction. Despite the documented efficacy of osimertinib in first- and second-line settings, patients inevitably develop resistance, with no further clear-cut therapeutic options to date other than chemotherapy and locally ablative therapy for selected individuals. On account of the high degree of tumour heterogeneity and adaptive cellular signalling pathways in NSCLC, the acquired osimertinib resistance is highly heterogeneous, encompassing EGFR-dependent as well as EGFR-independent mechanisms. Furthermore, data from repeat plasma genotyping analyses have highlighted differences in the frequency and preponderance of resistance mechanisms when osimertinib is administered in a front-line versus second-line setting, underlying the discrepancies in selection pressure and clonal evolution. This review summarises the molecular mechanisms of resistance to osimertinib in patients with advanced EGFR-mutated NSCLC, including MET/HER2 amplification, activation of the RAS-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) or RAS-phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathways, novel fusion events and histological/phenotypic transformation, as well as discussing the current evidence regarding potential new approaches to counteract osimertinib resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Leonetti
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital of Parma, 43126, Parma, Italy
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, VU University, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sugandhi Sharma
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, VU University, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Roberta Minari
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital of Parma, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Paola Perego
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Giovannetti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, VU University, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
- Cancer Pharmacology Lab, AIRC Start-Up Unit, Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza, 56017, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Marcello Tiseo
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital of Parma, 43126, Parma, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Perego
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Milan, Italy
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29
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Perego
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Milan, Italy
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Taverna E, De Bortoli M, Maffioli E, Corno C, Ciusani E, Trivulzio S, Pinelli A, Tedeschi G, Perego P, Bongarzone I. Alterations of RNA Metabolism by Proteomic Analysis of Breast Cancer Cells Exposed to Marycin: A New Optically Active Porphyrin. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2019; 12:147-159. [DOI: 10.2174/1874467212666190204102112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Objective:
Marycin is a porphyrin-type compound synthetically modified to spontaneously
release fluorescence. This study is aimed at understanding possible mechanisms that could account for
the antiproliferative effects observed in marycin. A proteomic approach was used to identify molecular
effects. The proteome of proliferating MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells was compared with that of
marycin-treated cells.
Methods:
Label-free proteomic analysis by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry
(LC-MS/MS) was used to reveal changes in protein expression and fluorescence microscopy
and flow cytometry were used to detect subcellular organelle dysfunctions.
Results:
The bioinformatic analysis indicated an enhancement of the expression of proteins remodeling
RNA splicing and more in general, of RNA metabolism. Marycin did not localize into the mitochondria
and did not produce a dramatic increase of ROS levels in MDA-MB-231 cells. Marycin stained organelles
probably peroxisomes.
Conclusions:
The results could support the possibility that the peroxisomes are involved in cell response
to marycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Taverna
- Molecular Mechanism Unit, Research Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Maida De Bortoli
- Molecular Mechanism Unit, Research Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Maffioli
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Corno
- Center for Nano Science and Technology at Polimi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Fondazione Filarete, Milan, Italy
| | - Emilio Ciusani
- Center for Nano Science and Technology at Polimi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Fondazione Filarete, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvio Trivulzio
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology and Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Arnaldo Pinelli
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology and Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriella Tedeschi
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Perego
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria (DiMeVet), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Italia Bongarzone
- Molecular Mechanism Unit, Research Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
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Beretta GL, Corno C, Zaffaroni N, Perego P. Role of FoxO Proteins in Cellular Response to Antitumor Agents. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11010090. [PMID: 30646603 PMCID: PMC6356788 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11010090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
FoxO proteins (FoxOs) are transcription factors with a common DNA binding domain that confers selectivity for DNA interaction. In human cells, four proteins (FoxO1, FoxO3, FoxO4 and FoxO6), with redundant activity, exhibit mainly a positive effect on genes involved in cell cycle, apoptosis regulation and drug resistance. Thus, FoxOs can affect cell response to antitumor agent treatment. Their transcriptional activity depends on post-translational modifications, including phosphorylation, acetylation, and mono/poly-ubiquitination. Additionally, alterations in microRNA network impact on FoxO transcripts and in turn on FoxO levels. Reduced expression of FoxO1 has been associated with resistance to conventional agents (e.g., cisplatin) and with reduced efficacy of drug combinations in ovarian carcinoma cells. FoxO3 has been shown as a mediator of cisplatin toxicity in colorectal cancer. A requirement for FoxO3-induced apoptosis has been reported in cells exposed to targeted agents (e.g., gefitinib). Recently, the possibility to interfere with FoxO1 localization has been proposed as a valuable approach to improve cell sensitivity to cisplatin, because nuclear retention of FoxO1 may favor the induction of pro-apoptotic genes. This review focuses on the role of FoxOs in drug treatment response in tumor cells and discusses the impact of the expression of these transcription factors on drug resistance/sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Luca Beretta
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Cristina Corno
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Nadia Zaffaroni
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Paola Perego
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy.
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Rossi G, Redaelli V, Perego P, Ferrari R, Giaccone G, Tagliavini F. Tau Mutations as a Novel Risk Factor for Cancer-Response. Cancer Res 2018; 78:6525. [PMID: 30373808 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-2730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giacomina Rossi
- Unit of Neurology V and Neuropathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy.
| | - Veronica Redaelli
- Unit of Neurology V and Neuropathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy
| | - Paola Perego
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Raffaele Ferrari
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Giorgio Giaccone
- Unit of Neurology V and Neuropathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Tagliavini
- Unit of Neurology V and Neuropathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy
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Rossi G, Redaelli V, Contiero P, Fabiano S, Tagliabue G, Perego P, Benussi L, Bruni AC, Filippini G, Farinotti M, Giaccone G, Buiatiotis S, Manzoni C, Ferrari R, Tagliavini F. Tau Mutations Serve as a Novel Risk Factor for Cancer. Cancer Res 2018; 78:3731-3739. [PMID: 29794074 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-3175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In addition to its well-recognized role in neurodegeneration, tau participates in maintenance of genome stability and chromosome integrity. In particular, peripheral cells from patients affected by frontotemporal lobar degeneration carrying a mutation in tau gene (genetic tauopathies), as well as cells from animal models, show chromosome numerical and structural aberrations, chromatin anomalies, and a propensity toward abnormal recombination. As genome instability is tightly linked to cancer development, we hypothesized that mutated tau may be a susceptibility factor for cancer. Here we conducted a retrospective cohort study comparing cancer incidence in families affected by genetic tauopathies to control families. In addition, we carried out a bioinformatics analysis to highlight pathways associated with the tau protein interactome. We report that the risk of developing cancer is significantly higher in families affected by genetic tauopathies, and a high proportion of tau protein interactors are involved in cellular processes particularly relevant to cancer. These findings disclose a novel role of tau as a risk factor for cancer, providing new insights in the various pathologic roles of mutated tau.Significance: This study reveals a novel role for tau as a risk factor for cancer, providing new insights beyond its role in neurodegeneration. Cancer Res; 78(13); 3731-9. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomina Rossi
- Unit of Neurology V and Neuropathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy.
| | - Veronica Redaelli
- Unit of Neurology V and Neuropathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy
| | - Paolo Contiero
- Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Sabrina Fabiano
- Cancer Registry Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Giovanna Tagliabue
- Cancer Registry Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Paola Perego
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Luisa Benussi
- NeuroBioGen Lab-Memory Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Amalia C Bruni
- Regional Neurogenetic Centre, ASPCZ, Lamezia Terme, Italy
| | - Graziella Filippini
- Scientific Directorate, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy
| | - Mariangela Farinotti
- Neuroepidemiology - Scientific Directorate, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy
| | - Giorgio Giaccone
- Unit of Neurology V and Neuropathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Claudia Manzoni
- School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, United Kingdom.,Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Raffaele Ferrari
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Fabrizio Tagliavini
- Scientific Directorate, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy
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Trucillo P, Campardelli R, Aliakbarian B, Perego P, Reverchon E. Supercritical assisted process for the encapsulation of olive pomace extract into liposomes. J Supercrit Fluids 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2018.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Abstract
Primary angiosarcoma of the breast is a rare tumor, with approximately 170 cases reported in the literature (1-3, 10, 11, 15). Reports on the imaging characteristics of these tumors have been occasional until a recent review by Liberman et al. (11). Diagnostic imaging of the masses include mammographic and ultrasound examinations (5): the imaging characteristics of the tumor can be nonspecific and sometimes heterogeneous (11). Only recently was one case evaluated with magnetic resonance imaging (11). We present the mammographic and sonographic features of a case of primary angiosarcoma of the breast with an inflammatory appearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- G E Zincone
- Department of Radiodiagnostica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
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36
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Perego
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Milan, Italy
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37
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Corno C, Stucchi S, De Cesare M, Carenini N, Stamatakos S, Ciusani E, Minoli L, Scanziani E, Argueta C, Landesman Y, Zaffaroni N, Gatti L, Perego P. FoxO-1 contributes to the efficacy of the combination of the XPO1 inhibitor selinexor and cisplatin in ovarian carcinoma preclinical models. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 147:93-103. [PMID: 29155058 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The XPO1/CRM1 inhibitor selinexor (KPT-330), is currently being evaluated in multiple clinical trials as an anticancer agent. XPO1 participates in the nuclear export of FoxO-1, which we previously found to be decreased in platinum-resistant ovarian carcinoma. The aim of this study was to determine whether enriching FoxO-1 nuclear localization using selinexor would increase ovarian cancer cell sensitivity to cisplatin. Selinexor, as a single agent, displayed a striking antiproliferative effect in different ovarian carcinoma cell lines. A schedule-dependent synergistic effect of selinexor in combination with cisplatin was found in cisplatin-sensitive IGROV-1, the combination efficacy being more evident in sensitive than in the resistant cells. In IGROV-1 cells, the combination was more effective when selinexor followed cisplatin exposure. A modulation of proteins involved in apoptosis (p53, Bax) and in cell cycle progression (p21WAF1) was found by Western blotting. Selinexor-treated cells exhibited enriched FoxO-1 nuclear staining. Knock-down experiments with RNA interference indicated that FOXO1-silenced cells displayed a reduced sensitivity to selinexor. FOXO1 silencing also tended to reduce the efficacy of the drug combination at selected cisplatin concentrations. Selinexor significantly inhibited tumor growth, induced FoxO-1 nuclear localization and improved the efficacy of cisplatin in IGROV-1 xenografts. Taken together, our results support FoxO-1 as one of the key factors promoting sensitivity towards selinexor and the synergistic interaction between cisplatin and selinexor in ovarian carcinoma cells with selected molecular backgrounds, highlighting the need for treatment regimens tailored to the molecular tumor features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Corno
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, via Amadeo 42, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Simone Stucchi
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, via Amadeo 42, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Michelandrea De Cesare
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, via Amadeo 42, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Nives Carenini
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, via Amadeo 42, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Serena Stamatakos
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, via Amadeo 42, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Emilio Ciusani
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology and Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Lucia Minoli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy; Mouse and Animal Pathology Laboratory, Fondazione Filarete, viale Ortles 22/4, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Eugenio Scanziani
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy; Mouse and Animal Pathology Laboratory, Fondazione Filarete, viale Ortles 22/4, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Yosef Landesman
- Karyopharm Therapeutics, 85 Wells Ave., Newton, MA 02459, USA
| | - Nadia Zaffaroni
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, via Amadeo 42, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Gatti
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, via Amadeo 42, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Perego
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, via Amadeo 42, 20133 Milan, Italy.
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Perego P, Hempel G, Linder S, Bradshaw TD, Larsen AK, Peters GJ, Phillips RM. Cellular pharmacology studies of anticancer agents: recommendations from the EORTC-PAMM group. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2017; 81:427-441. [PMID: 29285635 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-017-3502-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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39
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Misiak M, Heldt M, Szeligowska M, Mazzini S, Scaglioni L, Grabe GJ, Serocki M, Lica J, Switalska M, Wietrzyk J, Beretta GL, Perego P, Zietkowski D, Baginski M, Borowski E, Skladanowski A. Molecular basis for the DNA damage induction and anticancer activity of asymmetrically substituted anthrapyridazone PDZ-7. Oncotarget 2017; 8:105137-105154. [PMID: 29285240 PMCID: PMC5739627 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthrapyridazones, imino analogues of anthraquinone, constitute a family of compounds with remarkable anti-cancer activity. To date, over 20 derivatives were studied, of which most displayed nanomolar cytotoxicity towards broad spectrum of cancer cells, including breast, prostate and leukemic ones. BS-154, the most potent derivative, had IC50 values close to 1 nM, however, it was toxic in animal studies. Here, we characterize another anthrapyridazone, PDZ-7, which retains high cytotoxicity while being well tolerated in mice. PDZ-7 is also active in vivo against anthracycline-resistant tumor in a mouse xenograft model and induces DNA damage in proliferating cells, preferentially targeting cells in S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. Activation of Mre11-Rad50-Nbs1 (MRN) complex and phosphorylation of H2AX suggest double-stranded DNA breaks as a major consequence of PDZ-7 treatment. Consistent with this, PDZ-7 treatment blocked DNA synthesis and resulted in cell cycle arrest in late S and G2 phases. Analysis of topoisomerase IIα activity and isolation of the stabilized covalent topoisomerase IIα - DNA complex in the presence of PDZ-7 suggests that this compound is a topoisomerase IIα poison. Moreover, PDZ-7 interfered with actin polymerization, thereby implying its action as a dual inhibitor of processes critical for dividing cells. Using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy we show that PDZ-7 interacts with DNA double helix and quadruplex DNA structure. Taken together, our results suggest that PDZ-7 is a unique compound targeting actin cytoskeleton and DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majus Misiak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Mateusz Heldt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Marlena Szeligowska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Stefania Mazzini
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Division of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Leonardo Scaglioni
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Division of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Grzegorz J Grabe
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Marcin Serocki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Jan Lica
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Marta Switalska
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Wietrzyk
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Giovanni L Beretta
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Perego
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Maciej Baginski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Edward Borowski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdansk, Poland.,BS-154 sp. z o.o., Gdansk, Poland
| | - Andrzej Skladanowski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdansk, Poland
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Perego P. Editorial: Targeting Drug-resistant and Metastatic Tumors by Interference with Tumor and Microenvironment-related Alterations. Curr Med Chem 2017; 24:2808. [PMID: 28911301 DOI: 10.2174/092986732426170914124127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Perego
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit Dept. of Applied Research and Technological Development Fondazione IRCCS - Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Via Amadeo 42, 20133 Milan. Italy
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Corno C, Gatti L, Arrighetti N, Carenini N, Zaffaroni N, Lanzi C, Perego P. Axl molecular targeting counteracts aggressiveness but not platinum-resistance of ovarian carcinoma cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2017; 136:40-50. [PMID: 28404378 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian carcinoma, the most common gynaecological cancer, is characterized by high lethality mainly due to late diagnosis and treatment failure. The efficacy of platinum drug-based therapy in the disease is limited by the occurrence of drug resistance, a phenomenon often associated with increased metastatic potential. Because the Tyr-kinase receptor Axl can be deregulated in ovarian carcinoma and plays a pro-metastatic/anti-apoptotic role, the aim of this study was to examine if Axl inhibition modulates drug resistance and aggressive features of ovarian carcinoma cells, using various pairs of cisplatin-sensitive and -resistant cell lines. We found that mRNA and protein levels of Axl were increased in the platinum-resistant IGROV-1/Pt1 and IGROV-1/OHP cell lines compared to the parental IGROV-1 cells. IGROV-1/Pt1 cells displayed increased migratory and invasive capabilities. When Axl was silenced, these cells exhibited reduced growth and invasive/migratory capabilities compared to control siRNA-transfected cells, associated with decreased p38 and STAT3 phosphorylation. In keeping with this evidence, pharmacological inhibition of p38 and STAT3 decreased IGROV-1/Pt1 invasive capability. Molecular inhibition of Axl did not sensitize IGROV-1/Pt1 cells to cisplatin, but enhanced ErbB3 activation in IGROV-1/Pt1 cells and suppressed the clonogenic capability of various ovarian carcinoma cell lines. The combination of cisplatin and AZD8931, a small molecule which inhibits ErbB3, produced a synergistic effect in IGROV-1/Pt1 cells. Thus, Axl targeting per se reduces invasive capability of drug-resistant cells, but sensitization to cisplatin requires the concomitant inhibition of additional survival pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Corno
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Milan, via Venezian1/via Amadeo 42, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Gatti
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Milan, via Venezian1/via Amadeo 42, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Noemi Arrighetti
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Milan, via Venezian1/via Amadeo 42, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Nives Carenini
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Milan, via Venezian1/via Amadeo 42, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Nadia Zaffaroni
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Milan, via Venezian1/via Amadeo 42, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Cinzia Lanzi
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Milan, via Venezian1/via Amadeo 42, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Perego
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Milan, via Venezian1/via Amadeo 42, 20133 Milan, Italy.
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Stucchi S, Cesare MD, Corno C, Carenini N, Ciusani E, Zaffaroni N, Gatti L, Perego P. Abstract 1070: Role of FOXO1 in response of ovarian carcinoma cells to the XPO1/CRM1 inhibitor KPT-330/selinexor in combination with cisplatin. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2017-1070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Ovarian carcinoma is a major cause of cancer-related death in women. Besides late diagnosis, treatment often fails to produce a persistent disease control. The efficacy of the platinum drug-based therapy is limited by drug resistance. Thus, an ideal therapy for women with ovarian carcinoma is still missing. Because the karyopherin XPO1/CRM1 contributes to the regulation of the cellular localization of the transcription factor FOXO1 which participates in apoptosis regulation, the aim of this study was to examine if interference with XPO1 to improve FOXO1 nuclear localization may be exploited to kill efficiently ovarian carcinoma cells and to improve cisplatin efficacy. Here, we employed preclinical pharmacology approaches including growth inhibition assays, western blot analyses, gene knockdown by siRNA, quantitative Real-time PCR, immunofluorescence analyses and tests in in vivo models. The drug interaction was analyzed using the Chou and Talalay method. When cell sensitivity to KPT-330 of a panel of ovarian carcinoma cell lines was examined a marked sensitivity to the XPO1 inhibitor was found. The effect of the combination of cisplatin and KPT-330 was investigated in the IGROV-1 cells, using simultaneous or sequential schedules. According to the combination index values, when KPT-330 exposure followed cisplatin exposure the most favourable drug interaction was observed. In IGROV-1 cells, a modulation of proteins involved in apoptosis (p53, Bax) and in cell cycle progression (p21) was found, besides G1 and G2/M accumulation after exposure to KPT-330 and to the cisplatin/KPT-330 combination, respectively. KPT-330-treated cells exhibited FOXO1 nuclear staining, in keeping with the capability of the compound to inhibit FOXO1 nuclear export. Knock-down experiments by RNA interference indicated that FOXO1-silenced cells displayed a reduced sensitivity to KPT-330, but no significant changes in cisplatin sensitivity. FOXO1 silencing tended to reduce the efficacy of the drug combination at selected cisplatin concentrations. An analysis of the antitumor efficacy of KPT-330, indicated the capability of KPT-330 to significantly inhibit tumor growth when IGROV-1 cells were subcutaneously injected in immunodeficient mice or growth intraperitoneally. Our findings support that the XPO1 inhibitor KPT-330 is a promising agent for the treatment of ovarian carcinoma. The effect of the KPT-330-cisplatin combination appears to be dependent on the treatment schedule, as a synergistic interaction occurs when cells are treated with cisplatin followed by KPT-330. Such an interaction can be modulated by silencing of FOXO1, which results in reduced sensitivity to KPT-330. Our results suggest that therapeutic regimens selected on the basis of the molecular tumor features should be used to achieve a personalized therapy tailored to the specific characteristics of each patient.
Citation Format: Simone Stucchi, Michelandrea De Cesare, Cristina Corno, Nives Carenini, Emilio Ciusani, Nadia Zaffaroni, Laura Gatti, Paola Perego. Role of FOXO1 in response of ovarian carcinoma cells to the XPO1/CRM1 inhibitor KPT-330/selinexor in combination with cisplatin [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1070. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-1070
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Stucchi
- 1Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Cristina Corno
- 1Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Nives Carenini
- 1Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Emilio Ciusani
- 2Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Nadia Zaffaroni
- 1Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Gatti
- 1Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Perego
- 1Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
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Arosio D, Manzoni L, Corno C, Perego P. Integrin-Targeted Peptide- and Peptidomimetic-Drug Conjugates for the Treatment of Tumors. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2017; 12:148-168. [DOI: 10.2174/1574892812666170203151930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Arosio
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari, Via Golgi 19, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - L. Manzoni
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari, Via Golgi 19, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - C. Corno
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, via Amadeo 42, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - P. Perego
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, via Amadeo 42, 20133 Milan, Italy
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Perego
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
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Corno C, Gatti L, Carenini N, Zaffaroni N, Lanzi C, Perego P. Targeting ErbB3 activation in drug-resistant ovarian carcinoma cells over-expressing the receptor tyrosine kinase Axl. Eur J Cancer 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)32804-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Fiorentini C, Fragni M, Perego P, Vezzoli S, Bonini SA, Tortoreto M, Galli D, Claps M, Tiberio GA, Terzolo M, Missale C, Memo M, Procopio G, Zaffaroni N, Berruti A, Sigala S. Antisecretive and Antitumor Activity of Abiraterone Acetate in Human Adrenocortical Cancer: A Preclinical Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2016; 101:4594-4602. [PMID: 27626976 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2016-2414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Patients with adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) frequently suffer from cortisol excess, which portends a negative prognosis. Rapid control of cortisol hypersecretion and tumor growth are the main goals of ACC therapy. Abiraterone acetate (AA) is a potent inhibitor of 17alpha-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase, a key enzyme of adrenal steroidogenesis. OBJECTIVE This study sought to investigate the therapeutic use of AA in preclinical models of ACC. DESIGN AA antisecretive and antiproliferative effects were investigated in vitro using NCI-H295R and SW13 ACC cell lines and human primary ACC cell cultures, as well as in vivo using immunodeficient mice. METHODS Steroid secretion, cell viability, and proliferation were analyzed in untreated and AA-treated ACC cells. The ability of AA to affect the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway in NCI-H295R cells was also analyzed. Progesterone receptor (PgR) gene was silenced by the RNA interference approach. The antitumor efficacy of AA was confirmed in vivo in NCI-H295R cells xenografted in immunodeficient mice. RESULTS AA reduced the secretion of both cortisol and androgens, increased production of progesterone, and induced a concentration-dependent decrease of cell viability in the NCI-H295R cells and primary secreting ACC cultures. AA also reduced beta-catenin nuclear accumulation in NCI-H295R cells. AA administration to NCI-H295R-bearing mice enhanced progesterone levels and inhibited tumor growth. The cytotoxic effect of AA was prevented by either blocking PgR or by gene silencing. CONCLUSION AA is able to inhibit hormone secretion and growth of ACC both in vitro and in vivo. It also reduces beta-catenin nuclear accumulation. The cytotoxic effect of AA seems to require PgR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Fiorentini
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine (C.F., M.F., S.V., S.A.B., D.G., C.M., M.M., S.S.), University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Molecular Pharmacology Unit (P.P., M.T., N.Z.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health (M.C., A.B.), University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Surgical Clinic, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (G.A.T.), University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Internal Medicine 1, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences (M.T.), University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; and Medical Oncology I, Genitourinary Unit (G.P.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Martina Fragni
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine (C.F., M.F., S.V., S.A.B., D.G., C.M., M.M., S.S.), University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Molecular Pharmacology Unit (P.P., M.T., N.Z.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health (M.C., A.B.), University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Surgical Clinic, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (G.A.T.), University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Internal Medicine 1, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences (M.T.), University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; and Medical Oncology I, Genitourinary Unit (G.P.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Perego
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine (C.F., M.F., S.V., S.A.B., D.G., C.M., M.M., S.S.), University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Molecular Pharmacology Unit (P.P., M.T., N.Z.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health (M.C., A.B.), University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Surgical Clinic, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (G.A.T.), University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Internal Medicine 1, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences (M.T.), University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; and Medical Oncology I, Genitourinary Unit (G.P.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Vezzoli
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine (C.F., M.F., S.V., S.A.B., D.G., C.M., M.M., S.S.), University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Molecular Pharmacology Unit (P.P., M.T., N.Z.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health (M.C., A.B.), University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Surgical Clinic, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (G.A.T.), University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Internal Medicine 1, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences (M.T.), University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; and Medical Oncology I, Genitourinary Unit (G.P.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Sara A Bonini
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine (C.F., M.F., S.V., S.A.B., D.G., C.M., M.M., S.S.), University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Molecular Pharmacology Unit (P.P., M.T., N.Z.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health (M.C., A.B.), University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Surgical Clinic, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (G.A.T.), University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Internal Medicine 1, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences (M.T.), University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; and Medical Oncology I, Genitourinary Unit (G.P.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Tortoreto
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine (C.F., M.F., S.V., S.A.B., D.G., C.M., M.M., S.S.), University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Molecular Pharmacology Unit (P.P., M.T., N.Z.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health (M.C., A.B.), University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Surgical Clinic, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (G.A.T.), University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Internal Medicine 1, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences (M.T.), University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; and Medical Oncology I, Genitourinary Unit (G.P.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Diego Galli
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine (C.F., M.F., S.V., S.A.B., D.G., C.M., M.M., S.S.), University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Molecular Pharmacology Unit (P.P., M.T., N.Z.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health (M.C., A.B.), University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Surgical Clinic, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (G.A.T.), University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Internal Medicine 1, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences (M.T.), University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; and Medical Oncology I, Genitourinary Unit (G.P.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Melanie Claps
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine (C.F., M.F., S.V., S.A.B., D.G., C.M., M.M., S.S.), University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Molecular Pharmacology Unit (P.P., M.T., N.Z.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health (M.C., A.B.), University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Surgical Clinic, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (G.A.T.), University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Internal Medicine 1, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences (M.T.), University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; and Medical Oncology I, Genitourinary Unit (G.P.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Guido A Tiberio
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine (C.F., M.F., S.V., S.A.B., D.G., C.M., M.M., S.S.), University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Molecular Pharmacology Unit (P.P., M.T., N.Z.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health (M.C., A.B.), University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Surgical Clinic, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (G.A.T.), University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Internal Medicine 1, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences (M.T.), University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; and Medical Oncology I, Genitourinary Unit (G.P.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Terzolo
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine (C.F., M.F., S.V., S.A.B., D.G., C.M., M.M., S.S.), University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Molecular Pharmacology Unit (P.P., M.T., N.Z.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health (M.C., A.B.), University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Surgical Clinic, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (G.A.T.), University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Internal Medicine 1, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences (M.T.), University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; and Medical Oncology I, Genitourinary Unit (G.P.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Missale
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine (C.F., M.F., S.V., S.A.B., D.G., C.M., M.M., S.S.), University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Molecular Pharmacology Unit (P.P., M.T., N.Z.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health (M.C., A.B.), University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Surgical Clinic, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (G.A.T.), University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Internal Medicine 1, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences (M.T.), University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; and Medical Oncology I, Genitourinary Unit (G.P.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Maurizio Memo
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine (C.F., M.F., S.V., S.A.B., D.G., C.M., M.M., S.S.), University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Molecular Pharmacology Unit (P.P., M.T., N.Z.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health (M.C., A.B.), University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Surgical Clinic, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (G.A.T.), University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Internal Medicine 1, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences (M.T.), University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; and Medical Oncology I, Genitourinary Unit (G.P.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Procopio
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine (C.F., M.F., S.V., S.A.B., D.G., C.M., M.M., S.S.), University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Molecular Pharmacology Unit (P.P., M.T., N.Z.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health (M.C., A.B.), University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Surgical Clinic, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (G.A.T.), University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Internal Medicine 1, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences (M.T.), University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; and Medical Oncology I, Genitourinary Unit (G.P.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Nadia Zaffaroni
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine (C.F., M.F., S.V., S.A.B., D.G., C.M., M.M., S.S.), University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Molecular Pharmacology Unit (P.P., M.T., N.Z.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health (M.C., A.B.), University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Surgical Clinic, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (G.A.T.), University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Internal Medicine 1, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences (M.T.), University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; and Medical Oncology I, Genitourinary Unit (G.P.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Alfredo Berruti
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine (C.F., M.F., S.V., S.A.B., D.G., C.M., M.M., S.S.), University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Molecular Pharmacology Unit (P.P., M.T., N.Z.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health (M.C., A.B.), University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Surgical Clinic, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (G.A.T.), University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Internal Medicine 1, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences (M.T.), University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; and Medical Oncology I, Genitourinary Unit (G.P.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Sandra Sigala
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine (C.F., M.F., S.V., S.A.B., D.G., C.M., M.M., S.S.), University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Molecular Pharmacology Unit (P.P., M.T., N.Z.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health (M.C., A.B.), University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Surgical Clinic, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (G.A.T.), University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Internal Medicine 1, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences (M.T.), University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; and Medical Oncology I, Genitourinary Unit (G.P.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
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Arrighetti N, Cossa G, De Cecco L, Stucchi S, Carenini N, Corna E, Gandellini P, Zaffaroni N, Perego P, Gatti L. PKC-alpha modulation by miR-483-3p in platinum-resistant ovarian carcinoma cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2016; 310:9-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2016.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Revised: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Perego P. Meet Our Editorial Board Member. Curr Med Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.2174/092986732326160908171607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Perego P. Meet Our Editorial Board Member. Curr Med Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.2174/092986732323160823184550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Corno C, Gatti L, Lanzi C, Zaffaroni N, Colombo D, Perego P. Role of the Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Axl and its Targeting in Cancer Cells. Curr Med Chem 2016; 23:1496-512. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867323666160405112954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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