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Li C, Zhou L, Sun H, Yang MM. Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Disease of Cellular Senescence and Dysregulated Immune Homeostasis. Clin Interv Aging 2024; 19:939-951. [PMID: 38807637 PMCID: PMC11130992 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s463297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a degenerative ocular disease primarily affecting central vision in the elderly. Its pathogenesis is complex, involving cellular senescence and immune homeostasis dysregulation. This review investigates the interaction between these two critical biological processes in AMD pathogenesis and their impact on disease progression. Initially, cellular senescence is analyzed, with particular emphasis on retinal damage induced by senescent retinal pigment epithelial cells. Subsequently, the occurrence of immune homeostasis dysregulation within the retina and its mechanistic role in AMD areis explored. Furthermore, the paper also discusses in detail the interplay between cellular senescence and immune responses, forming a vicious cycle that exacerbates retinal damage and may influence treatment outcomes. In summary, a deeper understanding of the interrelation between cellular senescence and immune dysregulation is vital for the developing innovative therapeutic strategies for AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunzi Li
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University (Shenzhen People’s Hospital), Shenzhen, 518020, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lan Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, People’s Republic of China
- Post-Doctoral Scientific Research Station of Basic Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongyan Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ming Ming Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, People’s Republic of China
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Lu IN, Cheung PFY, Heming M, Thomas C, Giglio G, Leo M, Erdemir M, Wirth T, König S, Dambietz CA, Schroeter CB, Nelke C, Siveke JT, Ruck T, Klotz L, Haider C, Höftberger R, Kleinschnitz C, Wiendl H, Hagenacker T, Meyer Zu Horste G. Cell-mediated cytotoxicity within CSF and brain parenchyma in spinal muscular atrophy unaltered by nusinersen treatment. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4120. [PMID: 38750052 PMCID: PMC11096380 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48195-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
5q-associated spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a motoneuron disease caused by mutations in the survival motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene. Adaptive immunity may contribute to SMA as described in other motoneuron diseases, yet mechanisms remain elusive. Nusinersen, an antisense treatment, enhances SMN2 expression, benefiting SMA patients. Here we have longitudinally investigated SMA and nusinersen effects on local immune responses in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) - a surrogate of central nervous system parenchyma. Single-cell transcriptomics (SMA: N = 9 versus Control: N = 9) reveal NK cell and CD8+ T cell expansions in untreated SMA CSF, exhibiting activation and degranulation markers. Spatial transcriptomics coupled with multiplex immunohistochemistry elucidate cytotoxicity near chromatolytic motoneurons (N = 4). Post-nusinersen treatment, CSF shows unaltered protein/transcriptional profiles. These findings underscore cytotoxicity's role in SMA pathogenesis and propose it as a therapeutic target. Our study illuminates cell-mediated cytotoxicity as shared features across motoneuron diseases, suggesting broader implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Na Lu
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Phyllis Fung-Yi Cheung
- Spatiotemporal Tumor Heterogeneity, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Essen, A Partnership Between German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- Bridge Institute of Experimental Tumor Therapy, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Division of Solid Tumor Translational Oncology, DKTK, Partner Site Essen, A Partnership Between German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Michael Heming
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Christian Thomas
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Giovanni Giglio
- Spatiotemporal Tumor Heterogeneity, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Essen, A Partnership Between German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- Bridge Institute of Experimental Tumor Therapy, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Division of Solid Tumor Translational Oncology, DKTK, Partner Site Essen, A Partnership Between German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Markus Leo
- Department of Neurology and Center for Translational Neuro and Behavioral Science, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Merve Erdemir
- Department of Neurology and Center for Translational Neuro and Behavioral Science, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Timo Wirth
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Simone König
- Core Unit Proteomics, Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Christine A Dambietz
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Christina B Schroeter
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christopher Nelke
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jens T Siveke
- Spatiotemporal Tumor Heterogeneity, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Essen, A Partnership Between German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- Bridge Institute of Experimental Tumor Therapy, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Division of Solid Tumor Translational Oncology, DKTK, Partner Site Essen, A Partnership Between German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Tobias Ruck
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Luisa Klotz
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Carmen Haider
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Romana Höftberger
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Kleinschnitz
- Department of Neurology and Center for Translational Neuro and Behavioral Science, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Heinz Wiendl
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Tim Hagenacker
- Department of Neurology and Center for Translational Neuro and Behavioral Science, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.
| | - Gerd Meyer Zu Horste
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany.
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Haverkamp S, Reinhard K, Peichl L, Mietsch M. No evidence for age-related alterations in the marmoset retina. Front Neuroanat 2022; 16:945295. [PMID: 36120100 PMCID: PMC9479465 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2022.945295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The physiological aging process of the retina is accompanied by various and sometimes extensive changes: Macular degeneration, retinopathies and glaucoma are the most common findings in the elderly and can potentially lead to irreversible visual disablements up to blindness. To study the aging process and to identify possible therapeutic targets to counteract these diseases, the use of appropriate animal models is mandatory. Besides the most commonly used rodent species, a non-human primate, the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) emerged as a promising animal model of human aging over the last years. However, the visual aging process in this species is only partially characterized, especially with regard to retinal aberrations. Therefore, we assessed here for the first time potential changes in retinal morphology of the common marmoset of different age groups. By cell type specific immunolabeling, we analyzed different cell types and distributions, potential photoreceptor and ganglion cell loss, and structural reorganization. We detected no signs of age-related differences in staining patterns or densities of various cell populations. For example, there were no signs of photoreceptor degeneration, and there was only minimal sprouting of rod bipolar cells in aged retinas. Altogether, we describe here the maintenance of a stable neuronal architecture, distribution and number of different cell populations with only mild aberrations during the aging process in the common marmoset retina. These findings are in stark contrast to previously reported findings in rodent species and humans and deserve further investigations to identify the underlying mechanisms and possible therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silke Haverkamp
- Department of Computational Neuroethology, Max Planck Institute for Neurobiology of Behavior—Caesar, Bonn, Germany
| | - Katja Reinhard
- Retinal Circuits and Optogenetics, Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Leo Peichl
- Institute of Clinical Neuroanatomy, Dr. Senckenbergische Anatomie, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Matthias Mietsch
- Laboratory Animal Science Unit, German Primate Center, Göttingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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Hsp90-associated DNA replication checkpoint protein and proteasome-subunit components are involved in the age-related macular degeneration. Chin Med J (Engl) 2021; 134:2322-2332. [PMID: 34629418 PMCID: PMC8510006 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000001773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of vision loss worldwide. However, the mechanisms involved in the development and progression of AMD are poorly delineated. We aimed to explore the critical genes involved in the progression of AMD. Methods: The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in AMD retinal pigment epithelial (RPE)/choroid tissues were identified using the microarray datasets GSE99248 and GSE125564, which were downloaded from the gene expression omnibus database. The overlapping DEGs from the two datasets were screened to identify DEG-related biological pathways using gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses. The hub genes were identified from these DEGs through protein-protein interaction network analyses. The expression levels of hub genes were evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction following the induction of senescence in ARPE-19 with FK866. Following the identification of AMD-related key genes, the potential small molecule compounds targeting the key genes were predicted by PharmacoDB. Finally, a microRNA-gene interaction network was constructed. Results: Microarray analyses identified 174 DEGs in the AMD RPE compared to the healthy RPE samples. These DEGs were primarily enriched in the pathways involved in the regulation of DNA replication, cell cycle, and proteasome-mediated protein polyubiquitination. Among the top ten hub genes, HSP90AA1, CHEK1, PSMA4, PSMD4, and PSMD8 were upregulated in the senescent ARPE-19 cells. Additionally, the drugs targeting HSP90AA1, CHEK1, and PSMA4 were identified. We hypothesize that Hsa-miR-16-5p might target four out of the five key DEGs in the AMD RPE. Conclusions: Based on our findings, HSP90AA1 is likely to be a central gene controlling the DNA replication and proteasome-mediated polyubiquitination during the RPE senescence observed in the progression of AMD. Targeting HSP90AA1, CHEK1, PSMA4, PSMD4, and/or PSMD8 genes through specific miRNAs or small molecules might potentially alleviate the progression of AMD through attenuating RPE senescence.
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König S, Steinebrey N, Herrnberger M, Escolano-Lozano F, Schlereth T, Rebhorn C, Birklein F. Reduced serum protease activity in Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: The impact of angiotensin-converting enzyme and carboxypeptidases. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 205:114307. [PMID: 34392129 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) occurs in about 2% of patients after fracture of the limbs. In an earlier clinical study with 102 probands we have shown that the serum protease network in CRPS might be less effective. Based on these results we hypothesized that angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and carboxypeptidase N (CPN) activity contribute to the differences of labeled bradykinin (DBK) degradation by patients' sera. Details of the enzymatic processes remained however unclear. The contributions of ACE and CPN in the serum degradation of DBK were studied using specific inhibitors. CPN1-ELISA was performed in serum. It was confirmed that the majority of DBK was degraded by ACE and CPN. The data delivered proof that the ACE serum activity was lowered in CRPS. High-resolution mass spectrometry was additionally used for protein expression analysis of sera of above study cohort (CRPS vs. healthy probands). According to principal component analysis of these data, significant differences between CRPS and control samples only occurred in sera of females younger than 46 years. In these CRPS patients, a number of defence / immunity-related proteins and members of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) protein network were regulated. The impact of CPN in CRPS pathophysiology is subject to further investigation. The data support the hypothesis that both the RAS and the innate immune system might be affected in CRPS. A database of regulated serum proteins was established for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone König
- Core Unit Proteomics, Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, Medical Faculty, University of Münster, Germany.
| | - Nico Steinebrey
- Core Unit Proteomics, Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, Medical Faculty, University of Münster, Germany
| | - Myriam Herrnberger
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Fabiola Escolano-Lozano
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Tanja Schlereth
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany; Deutsche Klinik Für Diagnostik, DKD Helios Klinik Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - Cora Rebhorn
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Frank Birklein
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
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Meißner J, Rezaei M, Siepe I, Ackermann D, König S, Eble JA. Redox proteomics reveals an interdependence of redox modification and location of adhesome proteins in NGF-treated PC12 cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 164:341-353. [PMID: 33465466 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Proteomics studies have revealed that adhesomes are assembled from a plethora of proteins at integrin-mediated cellular contact sites with the extracellular matrix. By combining dimedone-trapping of sulfenylated proteins with the purification of the adhesome complex, we extended previous proteomics approaches on adhesomes to a redox proteomic analysis. This added a new aspect of adhesome complexity as individual adhesome proteins change their redox state in response to environmental signals. As model system, rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells were studied in contact with type IV collagen and in response to nerve growth factor (NGF). NGF stimulates the endogenous production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the formation of neurite-like cell protrusions, which are anchored to the substratum via adhesomes. Dimedone detects the reversible oxidation of cysteine thiol groups into sulfenic acid groups which was used in proteomic analysis of adhesome proteins revealing that sulfenylation and location of proteins mutually influence each other. For some proteins, identified by the redox proteomics approach, among them Nck-associated protein-1 (Nap-1), proximity ligation analysis and co-immunoprecipitation assays proved that protein sulfenylation sites colocalize with adhesomes of protrusions. In conclusion, the suprastructural composition and function of adhesomes is redox-regulated by ROS. Of interest in this respect, isoform-selective pharmacological inhibition of NADPH-oxidases (Noxs) reduced the adhesomal location of the collagen-binding α1β1 integrin and the length of the outgrowing neurites, indicative of a role of Nox isoforms in the redox-regulation of adhesomes. Thus, our novel redox proteomics approach not only revealed redox-modifications and the potential redox-regulation of adhesomes and their constituents but it may also provide a tool to analyze the ROS-stimulated neurite repair of peripheral neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Meißner
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Maryam Rezaei
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Isabel Siepe
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Simone König
- IZKF Core Unit Proteomics, Röntgenstraße 21, Münster, Germany
| | - Johannes A Eble
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
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Convergent Evolution of a Promiscuous 3-Hydroxypropionyl-CoA Dehydratase/Crotonyl-CoA Hydratase in Crenarchaeota and Thaumarchaeota. mSphere 2021; 6:6/1/e01079-20. [PMID: 33472982 PMCID: PMC7845616 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.01079-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Inorganic carbon fixation is the most important biosynthetic process on Earth and the oldest type of metabolism. The autotrophic HP/HB cycle functions in Crenarchaea of the order Sulfolobales and in ammonia-oxidizing Archaea of the phylum Thaumarchaeota that are highly abundant in marine, terrestrial, and geothermal environments. The autotrophic 3-hydroxypropionate/4-hydroxybutyrate (HP/HB) cycle functions in thermoacidophilic, (micro)aerobic, hydrogen-oxidizing Crenarchaeota of the order Sulfolobales as well as in mesophilic, aerobic, ammonia-oxidizing Thaumarchaeota. Notably, the HP/HB cycle evolved independently in these two archaeal lineages, and crenarchaeal and thaumarchaeal versions differ regarding their enzyme properties and phylogeny. These differences result in altered energetic efficiencies between the variants. Compared to the crenarchaeal HP/HB cycle, the thaumarchaeal variant saves two ATP equivalents per turn, rendering it the most energy-efficient aerobic pathway for carbon fixation. Characteristically, the HP/HB cycle includes two enoyl coenzyme A (CoA) hydratase reactions: the 3-hydroxypropionyl-CoA dehydratase reaction and the crotonyl-CoA hydratase reaction. In this study, we show that both reactions are catalyzed in the aforementioned archaeal groups by a promiscuous 3-hydroxypropionyl-CoA dehydratase/crotonyl-CoA hydratase (Msed_2001 in crenarchaeon Metallosphaera sedula and Nmar_1308 in thaumarchaeon Nitrosopumilus maritimus). Although these two enzymes are homologous, they are closely related to bacterial enoyl-CoA hydratases and were retrieved independently from the same enzyme pool by the ancestors of Crenarchaeota and Thaumarchaeota, despite the existence of multiple alternatives. This striking similarity in the emergence of enzymes involved in inorganic carbon fixation from two independently evolved pathways highlights that convergent evolution of autotrophy could be much more widespread than anticipated. IMPORTANCE Inorganic carbon fixation is the most important biosynthetic process on Earth and the oldest type of metabolism. The autotrophic HP/HB cycle functions in Crenarchaeota of the order Sulfolobales and in ammonia-oxidizing Archaea of the phylum Thaumarchaeota that are highly abundant in marine, terrestrial, and geothermal environments. Bioinformatic prediction of the autotrophic potential of microorganisms or microbial communities requires identification of enzymes involved in autotrophy. However, many microorganisms possess several isoenzymes that may potentially catalyze the reactions of the cycle. Here, we studied the enzymes catalyzing 3-hydroxypropionyl-CoA dehydration and crotonyl-CoA hydration in Nitrosopumilus maritimus (Thaumarchaeota) as well as in Metallosphaera sedula (Crenarchaeota). We showed that both reactions were catalyzed by homologous promiscuous enzymes, which evolved independently from each other from their bacterial homologs. Furthermore, the HP/HB cycle is of applied value, and knowledge of its enzymes is necessary to transfer them to a heterologous host for synthesis of various value-added products.
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Ju Y, Tang Z, Dai X, Gao H, Zhang J, Liu Y, Yang Y, Ni N, Zhang D, Wang Y, Sun N, Yin L, Luo M, Zhang J, Gu P. Protection against light-induced retinal degeneration via dual anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic functions of thrombospondin-1. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 179:1938-1961. [PMID: 33125704 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Retinal photodamage is a high-risk factor for age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. However, both the pathogenesis and effective therapies for retinal photodamage are still unclear and debated. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The anti-inflammatory effects of thrombospondin-1 on blue light-induced inflammation in ARPE-19 cells and in retinal inflammation were evaluated. Furthermore, the anti-angiogenic effects of thrombospondin-1 on human microvascular endothelial cells (hMEC-1 cells) and a laser-induced choroidal neovascularisation (CNV) mouse model were evaluated. in vitro experiments, including western blotting, immunocytochemistry, migration assays and tube formation assays, as well as in vivo experiments, including immunofluorescence, visual electrophysiology, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography, and fluorescein angiography, were employed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic effects of thrombospondin-1. KEY RESULTS Specific effects of blue light-induced retinal inflammation and pathological angiogenesis were reflected by up-regulation of pro-inflammatory factors and activation of angiogenic responses, predominantly regulated by the NF-κB and VEGFR2 pathways respectively. During the blue light-induced pathological progress, THBS-1 derived from retinal pigment epithelium down-regulated proteomics and biological assays. Thrombospondin-1 treatment also suppressed inflammatory infiltration and neovascular leakage. The protective effect of Thrombospondin-1 was additionally demonstrated by a substantial rescue of visual function. Mechanistically, thrombospondin-1 reversed blue light-induced retinal inflammation and angiogenesis by blocking the activated NF-κB and VEGFR2 pathways, respectively. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Thrombospondin-1, with dual anti-inflammatory and anti-neovascularisation properties, is a promising agent for protection against blue light-induced retinal damage and retinal degenerative disorders which are pathologically associated with inflammatory and angiogenic progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahan Ju
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhimin Tang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaochan Dai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiqin Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Display and System Application, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ni Ni
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuyao Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Na Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Luqiao Yin
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Display and System Application, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Display and System Application, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Gu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
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Bayer M, Angenendt L, Schliemann C, Hartmann W, König S. Are formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues fit for proteomic analysis? JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2020; 55:e4347. [PMID: 30828905 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE)-tissue archives are potential treasure troves in the search for clinically interesting specimens. However, while the FFPE-treatment provides excellent conservation of the three-dimensional structure of the tissue and prevents degradation over decades, it also introduces numerous nonspecific and irreversible protein modifications. In this study, we have evaluated several published workflows for FFPE-tissue by fit-for-purpose proteomics technologies. We demonstrate that many protein modifications and cross-links remain after treatment and conclude that the proteomics of FFPE-tissue is of value, but clear-cut limitations must be kept in mind. The analysis of abundant proteins in FFPE is straightforward, but confident identification of low-level proteins and/or biologically relevant modifications is seriously hampered by the FFPE-treatment. Peptide assignment should only be performed on high-quality spectra, even if this is at the cost of lower numbers of protein IDs. As Yergey and Coorssen stated in 2015: "Data quality is considered the primary criterion, and we thus emphasize that the standards of Analytical Chemistry must apply throughout any proteomic analysis."
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Affiliation(s)
- Malte Bayer
- Core Unit Proteomics, Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, Medical Faculty, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Linus Angenendt
- Department of Medicine A, Haematology and Oncology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Christoph Schliemann
- Department of Medicine A, Haematology and Oncology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Hartmann
- Gerhard-Domagk-Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Simone König
- Core Unit Proteomics, Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, Medical Faculty, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
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Tracking of Tumor Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles In Vivo Reveals a Specific Distribution Pattern with Consecutive Biological Effects on Target Sites of Metastasis. Mol Imaging Biol 2020; 22:1501-1510. [PMID: 32737655 PMCID: PMC7666295 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-020-01521-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Extracellular vesicles, small vesicles carrying inter alia proteins, miRNA and RNA, are important mediators of intercellular communication. The purpose of this study was to assess the distribution of extracellular vesicles from highly malignant breast cancer and their subsequent effect on the immune cell infiltrate in target organs of metastasis. PROCEDURES Extracellular vesicles were isolated from the tissue culture supernatant of highly malignant 4T1 breast cancer cells or the serum of healthy BALB/c mice. The purity of the isolate was verified by electron microscopy and western blotting. Extracellular vesicles were additionally subjected to proteome analysis. After labeling with the fluorescent dye DiR, extracellular vesicles were injected into healthy BALB/c mice and their in vivo distribution was assessed using fluorescence reflectance imaging (FRI). Following ex vivo imaging of the organs, lung tissue samples were analyzed for extracellular vesicle-mediated changes of myeloid cells and T cell numbers, using flow cytometry. Proteome analysis revealed major differences in the cargo of tumor cell-derived versus extracellular vesicles from healthy serum. RESULTS In contrast to control extracellular vesicles, DiR-labeled extracellular vesicles from tumor cells preferentially accumulated in lung, liver, and spine. Subsequent flow cytometry of the immune cell composition of lung tissue samples revealed an increase of cytotoxic CD8+ T cells and a decrease of CD4+ T-helper cells as well as an increase in mature macrophages in response to tumor cell EV. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, distribution of tumor cell-derived extracellular vesicles follows a specific pattern and can be monitored, using dedicated imaging. Extracellular vesicles alter the immune cell composition in target organs of metastasis, using a specific proteome cargo.
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Song J, Han D, Lee H, Kim DJ, Cho JY, Park JH, Seok SH. A Comprehensive Proteomic and Phosphoproteomic Analysis of Retinal Pigment Epithelium Reveals Multiple Pathway Alterations in Response to the Inflammatory Stimuli. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093037. [PMID: 32344885 PMCID: PMC7246457 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Overwhelming and persistent inflammation of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) induces destructive changes in the retinal environment. However, the precise mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate RPE-specific biological and metabolic responses against intense inflammation and identify the molecular characteristics determining pathological progression. We performed quantitative analyses of the proteome and phosphoproteome of the human-derived RPE cell line ARPE-19 after treatment with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 45 min or 24 h using the latest isobaric tandem-mass tags (TMTs) labeling approach. This approach led to the identification of 8984 proteins, of which 261 showed a 1.5-fold change in abundance after 24 h of treatment with LPS. A parallel phosphoproteome analysis identified 20,632 unique phosphopeptides from 3207 phosphoproteins with 3103 phosphorylation sites. Integrated proteomic and phosphoproteomic analyses showed significant downregulation of proteins related to mitochondrial respiration and cell cycle checkpoint, while proteins related to lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, cell-matrix adhesion, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress were upregulated after LPS stimulation. Further, phosphorylation events in multiple pathways, including MAPKK and Wnt/β-catenin signalings, were identified as involved in LPS-triggered pathobiology. In essence, our findings reveal multiple integrated signals exerted by RPE under inflammation and are expected to give insight into the development of therapeutic interventions for RPE disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juha Song
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Institute of Endemic Disease, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Chongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea;
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Dohyun Han
- Proteomics Core Facility, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea; (D.H.); (H.L.)
| | - Heonyi Lee
- Proteomics Core Facility, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea; (D.H.); (H.L.)
| | - Da Jung Kim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea; (D.J.K.); (J.-Y.C.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Chongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Joo-Youn Cho
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea; (D.J.K.); (J.-Y.C.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Chongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Jae-Hak Park
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.-H.P.); (S.H.S.); Tel.: +82-2-880-1256 (J.-H.P.); +82-2-740-8302 (S.H.S.); Fax: +82-2-763-5206 (S.H.S.)
| | - Seung Hyeok Seok
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Institute of Endemic Disease, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Chongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea;
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Chongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.-H.P.); (S.H.S.); Tel.: +82-2-880-1256 (J.-H.P.); +82-2-740-8302 (S.H.S.); Fax: +82-2-763-5206 (S.H.S.)
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Dietrich J, Roth M, König S, Geerling G, Mertsch S, Schrader S. Analysis of lacrimal gland derived mesenchymal stem cell secretome and its impact on epithelial cell survival. Stem Cell Res 2019; 38:101477. [PMID: 31181482 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2019.101477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In situ regeneration of lacrimal gland (LG) tissue would be a promising approach to curatively treat dry eye disease (DED). Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) exhibit therapeutic effects in a variety of pathological conditions and our group recently reported that their number increases in regenerating mouse LG. Since the therapeutic effects are suggested to arise from secreted trophic factors, the application of MSC-secreted proteins seems to be a promising approach to induce/enhance LG regeneration. Therefore, this study aims to optimize the isolation of murine LG-MSC and analyze their secretome to investigate its potential for LG epithelial cell survival in vitro. For optimization, LG-MSC were isolated by an explant technique or cell sorting and their secretome was investigated under normal and inflammatory conditions. Results showed that the secretome of MSC had beneficial effects on the viability of ethanol-damaged LG epithelial cells. Additional, Lipocalin-2, prosaposin, ras GTPase-activating protein-binding protein 1 (Rac1) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1), proteins that were up-regulated under inflammatory conditions, further improved the cell survival of ethanol-damaged LG epithelial cells. Interestingly, recovery of cell viability was highest, when the cells were incubated with STAT1. Summarizing, this study identified promising proteins for further studies on LG regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Dietrich
- Laboratory of Experimental Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, Pius Hospital, University of Oldenburg, 26121 Oldenburg, Germany.
| | - Mathias Roth
- Laboratory of Experimental Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Simone König
- Core Unit Proteomics, Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Gerd Geerling
- Laboratory of Experimental Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Sonja Mertsch
- Laboratory of Experimental Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, Pius Hospital, University of Oldenburg, 26121 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Schrader
- Laboratory of Experimental Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, Pius Hospital, University of Oldenburg, 26121 Oldenburg, Germany
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Age-related distribution and potential role of SNCB in topographically different retinal areas of the common marmoset Callithrix jacchus, including the macula. Exp Eye Res 2019; 185:107676. [PMID: 31128101 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2019.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Evidence of an age-related increase of β-synuclein (SNCB) in several parts of the visual system including the retina has been reported. SNCB is thought to function as an antagonist of α-synuclein in neurodegenerative diseases, but the exact role of SNCB remains unclear. The presented work studies two different aspects of the onset and role of SNCB in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). First, the topographical and intracellular distributions of SNCB in the RPE of non-human marmoset monkey (Callithrix jacchus) were evaluated in paraffin-embedded eyes and RPE whole mounts from different developmental stages (neonatal, adolescent, and adult). Thus, revealed distinct lifetime-related alterations of the topographical and intracellular distributions of SNCB in the primate macula compared to the retinal periphery. Furthermore, the function and influences of SNCB on ARPE-19 cells and primary porcine RPE (ppRPE) cells were characterized by exposing these cells with recombinant SNCB (rSNCB) at different concentrations. Moreover, apoptosis, protein- and mRNA-expression levels of factors of the p53/MDM2 signaling cascade and inflammation- and oxidation-related genes were investigated. The observed dose-depended decreased apoptosis rates together with the PLD2 mediated activation of the p53 pathway promotes senescence-related processes in SNCB exposed common ARPE-19 cells from human origin. Further, increased HMOX1 and NOX4 levels indicate increased oxidative stress and inflammatory responses triggered by SNCB. The obtained differences in the distribution of SNCB in primate RPE together with alterations of cellular functions in rSNCB-exposed RPE cells (e.g., ARPE-19, ppRPE) support SNCB-related effects like inflammatory response and stress-related properties on RPE over lifetime. The possible functional relevance of SNCB in physiological aging converting into a pathophysiological condition should be investigated in further studies.
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Kaur U, Johnson DT, Chea EE, Deredge DJ, Espino JA, Jones LM. Evolution of Structural Biology through the Lens of Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2018; 91:142-155. [PMID: 30457831 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b05014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Upneet Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Maryland , Baltimore , Maryland 21201 , United States
| | - Danté T Johnson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Maryland , Baltimore , Maryland 21201 , United States
| | - Emily E Chea
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Maryland , Baltimore , Maryland 21201 , United States
| | - Daniel J Deredge
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Maryland , Baltimore , Maryland 21201 , United States
| | - Jessica A Espino
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Maryland , Baltimore , Maryland 21201 , United States
| | - Lisa M Jones
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Maryland , Baltimore , Maryland 21201 , United States
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