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Yang Y, Jimmy J, Jones EE, Kreutzer KA, Bryan CJ, Gorka SM. Neural reactivity to threat impacts the association between bullying victimization and suicide risk in youth. J Psychiatr Res 2023; 163:288-295. [PMID: 37244067 PMCID: PMC10400269 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.05.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Bullying victimization is a risk factor for suicidal ideation, suicide behaviors, and death by suicide in youth. However, not all victims of bullying report suicidal thoughts and behaviors, suggesting that there may be certain subgroups who are at high risk for suicide. Neuroimaging studies suggest that individual differences in neurobiological threat reactivity may contribute to increased vulnerability to suicide, particularly in the context of repeated exposure to bullying. The purpose of the present study was to examine the unique and interactive effects of past-year bullying victimization and neural reactivity to threat on suicide risk in youth. Ninety-one youth (ages 16-19) completed self-report measures of past-year bullying victimization and current suicide risk. Participants also completed a task designed to probe neural reactivity to threat. Specifically, participants passively viewed negative or neutral images during functional magnetic resonance imaging. Bilateral anterior insula (AIC) and amygdala (AMYG) reactivity to threat/negative images (>neutral images) was used to capture threat sensitivity. Greater bullying victimization was associated with increased suicide risk. There was also a bullying by AIC reactivity interaction such that among individuals with high AIC reactivity, greater bullying was associated with increased suicide risk. Among individuals with low AIC reactivity, there was no association between bullying and suicide risk. Results suggest that youth with increased AIC reactivity to threat may be particularly vulnerable to suicide in the context of bullying. These individuals may represent a high-risk group for subsequent suicide behavior and AIC function may be a promising objective prevention target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yesol Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center-James, 406 W 10th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Jagan Jimmy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 370 W. 9th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Emily E Jones
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 370 W. 9th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Kayla A Kreutzer
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 370 W. 9th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Craig J Bryan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 370 W. 9th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Stephanie M Gorka
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 370 W. 9th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA; Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University, 460 Medical Center Drive, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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2
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Farley S, Mokhtar D, Ng K, Niven K. What influences the relationship between workplace bullying and employee well-being? A systematic review of moderators. WORK AND STRESS 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/02678373.2023.2169968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Farley
- Sheffield University Management School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Daniella Mokhtar
- Centre for Research in Psychology & Human Well-being, The National University of Malaysia, Ampang, Malaysia
| | - Kara Ng
- Alliance Manchester Business School, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Karen Niven
- Sheffield University Management School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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3
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Ul Hassan FS, Ikramullah M, Iqbal MZ. Workplace bullying and turnover intentions of nurses: the multi-theoretic perspective of underlying mechanisms in higher-order moderated-serial-mediation model. J Health Organ Manag 2021; ahead-of-print. [PMID: 34469664 DOI: 10.1108/jhom-12-2020-0479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study examines the relationship between workplace bullying (WPB) and the turnover intentions (TIs) of nurses, both directly and indirectly, i.e. through serial mediation of psychological contract violation (PCV) and poor employee wellbeing (EWB). And that with the moderating effect of servant leadership (SL) on its final path to TIs of nurses. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH A total of 285 nurses voluntarily participated in the survey through convenient sampling from 13 different district hospitals. The authors performed partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to test the study's measurement and structural models. FINDINGS Overall, results indicated 62% prevalence rate of WPB and TIs of nurses had 67% variance explained by the exogenous factors. Workplace bullying was found to have direct as well as indirect relationship with TIs of nurses. For the latter, PCV and poor EWB were found to have partially mediated, both singly and serially. The moderating effect of SL on the serial mediation pathway was negative and significant. ORIGINALITY/VALUE Drawing on a tripartite theoretical perspective, this study illuminates the mechanism underlying WPB-TIs relationship with an advanced multivariate statistical technique in the nursing work setting in a developing country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faqir Sajjad Ul Hassan
- Department of Management Sciences, Khushal Khan Khattak University Karak, Karak, Pakistan
| | - Malik Ikramullah
- Department of Management Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zahid Iqbal
- Department of Management Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
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4
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Fang L, Hsiao LP, Fang SH, Chen BC. Workplace bullying, personality traits and health among hospital nurses: The mediating effect of social support. J Clin Nurs 2021; 30:3590-3600. [PMID: 34114285 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.15881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES This study aimed to explore the status of nursing staff's workplace bullying, personality traits, social support and mental health, to find out the predictors of nursing staff's health, and to explore whether social support is a mediator to regulate the impact of workplace bullying on mental health. BACKGROUND Bullying could cause physical and psychological problems, and nursing workplace bullying causes not only health problems of nursing staff but also patient safety problems. "Workplace bullying" is a worthy topic to pay attention to. Only limited studies could be discovered about the mediating effects between workplace bullying and health. METHODS Cross-sectional and correlation designs were used. The STROBE was used as a checklist for this study. RESULTS The results showed that the frequency of poor sleep quality ≥3 days in recent 2 weeks (p < .001), external control personality traits (p = .016), workplace bullying (p < .001) and less social support (p = .001) were the main predictors of the health problems among nurses, and social support was the mediator between workplace bullying and health problems. CONCLUSION It is recommended that hospital managers should apply regular sleep-wake schedule by designing a biological clock-compliant shift in order to promote good sleep hygiene of the nurses. Providing educational programmes and building up policies to decrease workplace bullying and increase social supports are suggested. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Hospital managers should provide education and training related to the prevention of bullying and establish communication and consultation channels for the bullied. Nursing managers should also educate nurses to establish effective social networks with family, friends and colleagues to prevent health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Fang
- Department of Nursing, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Li-Ping Hsiao
- Department of Nursing, Pingtung Christian Hospital, Pingtung City, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shu-Hui Fang
- Department of Foreign Languages, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Bao-Chen Chen
- Department of Nursing, Pingtung Christian Hospital, Pingtung City, Taiwan, R.O.C
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5
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Nixon AE, Arvan M, Spector PE. Will the real mistreatment please stand up? Examining the assumptions and measurement of bullying and incivility. WORK AND STRESS 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/02678373.2021.1891584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ashley E. Nixon
- Atkinson Graduate School of Management, Willamette University, Salem, USA
| | - Maryana Arvan
- Department of Psychological Science, University of North Carolina Charlotte, Charlotte, USA
| | - Paul E. Spector
- Muma College of Business, University of South Florida, Tampa, USA
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6
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Alfano V, Ramaci T, Landolfi A, Lo Presti A, Barattucci M. Gender Patterns in Mobbing Victims: Differences in Negative Act Perceptions, MMPI Personality Profile, Perceived Quality of Life, and Suicide Risk. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:2192. [PMID: 33672282 PMCID: PMC7926862 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18042192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
With the aim of investigating the impact of gender-related personality characteristics on bullying perceptions and outcomes, a correlational study was designed with 114 individuals who had used a public health service aimed at harassed workers identifying themselves as victims of mobbing in central Italy. The study was conducted using the following questionnaires: the Negative Acts Questionnaire (NAQ), a measure of workplace bullying; the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI-2), used to provide information to measure personality dimensions for workplace screening; the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BRIEF) which assesses four domains assumed to represent the quality of life construct; and the Suicidal Potential Scale (SPS) used to assess suicidal ideation. MMPI-2 profile results show a significant elevation of specific MMPI scales and gender differences. When compared to women, men who complain of being the victims of negative actions at work are more depressed, paranoid, introverted, anxious, and obsessive, and have higher anger levels and lower self-esteem. Many different MMPI-2 scales are also predictors of quality of life (QoL) perceptions and suicidal tendencies. The NAQ total score, however, predicts quality of life and suicide risk. Perceptions of negative actions have a serious effect on life outcomes. The results provide useful indications on personality profiles and gender differences, which can be understood as antecedents in the perception of negative events, and factors capable of modulating the effect of perceived bullying actions on outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tiziana Ramaci
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, Kore University of Enna, 94100 Enna, Italy
| | - Alfonso Landolfi
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (A.L.); (A.L.P.)
| | - Alessandro Lo Presti
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (A.L.); (A.L.P.)
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7
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Acquadro Maran D, Zedda M, Varetto A. Male and female witnesses of mobbing: Gender difference in experiencing consequences. A cross-sectional study in an italian sample. JOURNAL OF WORKPLACE BEHAVIORAL HEALTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/15555240.2021.1877554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Massimo Zedda
- Psychology, Università degli Studi di Torino Facoltà di Psicologia, Torino, Italy
| | - Antonella Varetto
- Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
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8
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Rosander M, Salin D, Viita L, Blomberg S. Gender Matters: Workplace Bullying, Gender, and Mental Health. Front Psychol 2020; 11:560178. [PMID: 33123044 PMCID: PMC7573240 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.560178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the role of gender in the process of workplace bullying. In particular, we examined how gender affects reported prevalence rates and health consequences of bullying. In addition, we pay particular attention to if the measurement method – self-labelling or behavioural experience methods – affects potential gender differences. A longitudinal study, with two measurement points 18 months apart, was conducted in Sweden (n = 1854 at T1; n = 1096 at T2). It was a probability sample out of a population of all 3.3 million people in Sweden working at workplaces with ten or more employees. The results showed a slightly higher tendency for women to self-label as bullied (8% vs. 6%), while a higher proportion of men than women could be labelled as bullied based on the negative acts they had been exposed to (21% vs. 14%). Exposure to negative acts was associated with more subsequent mental health problems for both men and women, whereas self-labelling was associated with mental health problems for men only. Mental health problems at baseline also increased the risk of bullying for both men and women; however, the measurement method affected if the effect was stronger for men or women. Overall, the study advances our understanding of the role of gender in bullying, in particular highlighting the importance of the measurement method for understanding such gender differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Rosander
- Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Denise Salin
- Department of Management and Organisation, Hanken School of Economics, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lina Viita
- Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Occupational and Environmental Medicine Center, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Stefan Blomberg
- Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Occupational and Environmental Medicine Center, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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9
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Peng C, Hu W, Yuan S, Xiang J, Kang C, Wang M, Rong F, Huang Y, Yu Y. Self-Harm, Suicidal Ideation, and Suicide Attempts in Chinese Adolescents Involved in Different Sub-types of Bullying: A Cross-Sectional Study. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:565364. [PMID: 33343413 PMCID: PMC7744308 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.565364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Bullying tends to peak during adolescence, and it is an important risk factor of self-harm and suicide. However, research on the specific effect of different sub-types of bullying is limited. Objective: The purpose of this study is to examine the associations between four common forms of bullying (verbal, physical, relational, and cyber) and self-harm, suicidal ideation (SI), and suicide attempts (SA). Method: This was a cross-sectional study of a sample including 4,241 Chinese students (55.8% boys) aged 11 to 18 years. Bullying involvement, self-harm, SI, and SA were measured via The Juvenile Campus Violence Questionnaire (JCVQ). The association was examined through multinomial logistic regression analysis, adjusted for demographic characteristics and psychological distress. Results: Bullying victimization and perpetration were reported by 18.0 and 10.7% of participants. The prevalence of self-harm, SI, and SA were 11.8, 11.8, and 7.1%, respectively. Relational bullying victimization and perpetration were significantly associated with SI only, SI plus self-harm, and SA. Physical bullying victimization and perpetration were risk factors of self-harm only and SA. Verbal victimization was significantly associated with SI only. Cyber perpetration was a risk factor of SA. Conclusions: The findings highlight the different effects of sub-types of bullying on self-harm and suicidal risk. Anti-bullying intervention and suicide prevention efforts should be prior to adolescents who are involved in physical and relational bullying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Peng
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenzhu Hu
- First Clinical School, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shanshan Yuan
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingjing Xiang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chun Kang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengni Wang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fajuan Rong
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yunxiang Huang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yizhen Yu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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10
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Radoman M, Akinbo FD, Rospenda KM, Gorka SM. The impact of startle reactivity to unpredictable threat on the relation between bullying victimization and internalizing psychopathology. J Psychiatr Res 2019; 119:7-13. [PMID: 31520836 PMCID: PMC6876702 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2019.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Being bullied has detrimental effects on mental health functioning. Individuals who are highly reactive to unpredictable threats (U-threat) may be particularly vulnerable to the negative consequences of being bullied. For them, persistent, unpredictable bullying likely elicits chronic anticipatory anxiety and depression. The aim of the present study was to examine the main and interactive effects of aversive reactivity to U-threat and past-year bullying victimization on current anxiety and depressive symptoms. METHODS Seventy-one young adults (ages 17-19) completed a well-validated threat-of-shock task used to probe reactivity to both U-threat and predictable threat (P-threat). Startle eyeblink potentiation was recorded to index aversive responding. RESULTS We found a main effect of bullying, such that individuals with more bullying experience exhibited greater anxiety and depressive symptoms than individuals with less bullying experience. There was also a bullying by U-threat reactivity interaction such that among individuals with high reactivity to U-threat, more bullying experience was associated with more anxiety and depressive symptoms. Among individuals with low U-threat reactivity, there was no association between bullying and internalizing symptoms. There were no main or interactive effects involving reactivity to P-threat. CONCLUSIONS Together, these results suggest that among individuals who are bullied, those who are sensitive to U-threat are particularly vulnerable to depression and anxiety in young adulthood. These individuals may represent a high-risk group for the development of internalizing psychopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Radoman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, and the Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Fikayo D. Akinbo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | | | - Stephanie M. Gorka
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL,Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
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11
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Nauman S, Malik SZ, Jalil F. How Workplace Bullying Jeopardizes Employees' Life Satisfaction: The Roles of Job Anxiety and Insomnia. Front Psychol 2019; 10:2292. [PMID: 31708827 PMCID: PMC6821672 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Drawing on conservation of resources (COR) theory, this study examined the underlying mechanism through which workplace bullying (WB) affects employees' life satisfaction via job-related anxiety and insomnia. Time-lagged data were collected at two points in time from 211 doctor interns working in various hospitals in Pakistan. Our results fully supported a proposed serial multiple-mediator model. Workplace bullying was indirectly related to life satisfaction via job-related anxiety and insomnia. This study provides evidence of a spillover effect as to how workplace bullying increases employees' job-related anxiety which in turn leads to insomnia resulting in reduced employees' life satisfaction. The present study extends research on workplace bullying to display its theoretical as well as empirical effects on life satisfaction. It demonstrates that workplace bullying as an occupational and psychological stressor has multiple effects on employees' life satisfaction through a serial mediation model in the context of a developing country. It further explains that workplace bullying not only affects an employee's workplace behaviors but also extends to the employee's overall life satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shazia Nauman
- Riphah School of Business and Management, Riphah International University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sania Zahra Malik
- Institute of Business Administration (IBA), University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Faryal Jalil
- Institute of Quality and Technology Management (IQTM), University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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12
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Liu Y, Gul H, Zhang J, Usman M. Abusive supervision and suicidal ideation: The mediating role of basic psychological need satisfaction. DEATH STUDIES 2019; 44:578-585. [PMID: 31058580 DOI: 10.1080/07481187.2019.1609134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study examines whether abusive supervision is related to suicide ideation and whether the need for autonomy, competence, and relatedness mediates this relationship. We use a diverse sample (N = 687) from six Chinese organizations. Abusive supervision was significantly related to suicidal ideation and satisfaction of the needs for competence and relatedness, but not for autonomy, partially mediated this relationship. Findings suggest that organizations that initiate intervention strategies to limit the adverse consequences of abusive supervision thereby help protect subordinates from suicidal ideation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Liu
- Business School, University of International Business and Economics, Beijing, China
| | - Habib Gul
- Business School, University of International Business and Economics, Beijing, China
| | - Jianwei Zhang
- School of Humanities and Social Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Muhammad Usman
- Business School, University of International Business and Economics, Beijing, China
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13
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Ullah R, Siddiqui F, Zafar MS, Iqbal K. Bullying experiences of dental interns working at four dental institutions of a developing country: A cross-sectional study. Work 2019; 61:91-100. [PMID: 30223417 DOI: 10.3233/wor-182784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bullying is an aggressive and violent behavior marked by repetitive harassment of a weaker victim, which may also occur in the workplace including healthcare settings. Although extensively studied in the west, bullying of workers in the healthcare setting is largely underexplored in the South Asian context. OBJECTIVE The aim of our study was to explore the phenomena of workplace bullying among dental interns in selected dental institutes of Karachi, Pakistan. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among dental interns working at four dental institutions in Karachi, Pakistan. The Negative acts questionnaire (NAQ-R), a standardized, validated tool was administered to identify bullying experiences among dental interns over the past six months; in addition, demographic information of participants as well as details about their exposure to bullying was collected. A multivariable binary logistic regression was used to identify the correlates of bullying in this population. The study was performed and reported according to the STROBE guidelines. Data was analyzed using STATA 12.0 and SPSS 19.0. RESULTS A total of 125 participants were included in our analysis. Bullying prevalence among dental interns based on the operational definition by Mikkelsen stood at 36.8%, while self-labelled bullying was observed in 55 %. Males and participants from private institutions were more likely to self-label themselves as victims. 67% of respondents reported having witnessed bullying. Clinical faculty was identified as the most common perpetrator (23%) followed by colleagues 20% and the dental support staff 17%. Report of bullying among victims was low (14.5%) the most common reason being that "complaining is of no use" (28.8%) and "being afraid of the consequences" (22%). CONCLUSIONS The results of the study indicate a high prevalence of bullying in the participating dental institutions. Our results indicate a clear need to implement antiviolence regulations, anti-bullying educational programs and advocate further research on interventions to minimize bullying, enhance learning and professional engagement of interns in dental institutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizwan Ullah
- Department of Oral Biology, Sindh Institute of Oral health Sciences, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Faraz Siddiqui
- Department of Medicine, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sohail Zafar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al Madinah Al Munawwarah Saudi Arabia.,Department of Dental Materials, Islamic International Dental College, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Kefi Iqbal
- Department of Dental Materials Science, Sindh Institute of Oral health Sciences, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
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Hoprekstad ØL, Hetland J, Bakker AB, Olsen OK, Espevik R, Wessel M, Einarsen SV. How long does it last? Prior victimization from workplace bullying moderates the relationship between daily exposure to negative acts and subsequent depressed mood. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WORK AND ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/1359432x.2018.1564279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jørn Hetland
- Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Arnold B. Bakker
- Center of Excellence for Positive Organizational Psychology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | | | | | - Martin Wessel
- Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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15
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Pien L, Cheng Y, Cheng W. Internal workplace violence from colleagues is more strongly associated with poor health outcomes in nurses than violence from patients and families. J Adv Nurs 2018; 75:793-800. [DOI: 10.1111/jan.13887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li‐Chung Pien
- Department of Nursing Cardinal Tien Junior College of Healthcare and Management New Taipei City Taiwan
| | - Yawen Cheng
- Department of Public Health Institute of Health Policy and Management National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Wan‐Ju Cheng
- Department of Psychiatry China Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan
- Department of Public Health China Medical University Taichung Taiwan
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16
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Fullerton L, Oglesbee S, Weiss SJ, Ernst AA, Mesic V. Assessing the Prevalence and Predictors of Bullying Among Emergency Medical Service Providers. PREHOSP EMERG CARE 2018; 23:9-14. [DOI: 10.1080/10903127.2018.1470208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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17
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Gupta R, Bakhshi A. Workplace bullying and employee well-being: A moderated mediation model of resilience and perceived victimization. JOURNAL OF WORKPLACE BEHAVIORAL HEALTH 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/15555240.2018.1464929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Richa Gupta
- Department of Higher Education, Govt. of Jammu and Kashmir, Jammu, India
| | - Arti Bakhshi
- Department of Psychology, University of Jammu (J&K), Jammu, India
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Salin D, Notelaers G. The effects of workplace bullying on witnesses: violation of the psychological contract as an explanatory mechanism? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/09585192.2018.1443964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Denise Salin
- Department of Management and Organization, Hanken School of Economics , Helsinki, Finland
| | - Guy Notelaers
- Faculty of Psychology, Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen , Bergen, Norway
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Conway PM, Høgh A, Nabe-Nielsen K, Grynderup MB, Mikkelsen EG, Persson R, Rugulies R, Bonde JPE, Francioli L, Hansen ÅM. Optimal Cut-Off Points for the Short-Negative Act Questionnaire and Their Association with Depressive Symptoms and Diagnosis of Depression. Ann Work Expo Health 2018; 62:281-294. [DOI: 10.1093/annweh/wxx105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Maurice Conway
- Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Annie Høgh
- Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Kirsten Nabe-Nielsen
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | | | - Eva Gemzøe Mikkelsen
- Department of Communication and Psychology, Aalborg University, Nyhavnsgade, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Roger Persson
- Department of Psychology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Reiner Rugulies
- Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade, Copenhagen K, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade, Copenhagen K, Denmark
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Jens Peter Ellekilde Bonde
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade, Copenhagen K, Denmark
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Bispebjerg-Frederiksberg University Hospital, Bispebjerg Bakke, Copenhagen NV, Denmark
| | - Laura Francioli
- Independent researcher, H.C. Ørstedsvej, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Åse Marie Hansen
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade, Copenhagen K, Denmark
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
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Nielsen MB, Gjerstad J, Jacobsen DP, Einarsen SV. Does Ability to Defend Moderate the Association between Exposure to Bullying and Symptoms of Anxiety? Front Psychol 2017; 8:1953. [PMID: 29163321 PMCID: PMC5682040 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In the context of workplace bullying, the ability to defend refers to whether or not a target feels able to deal with those negative behaviors that typically constitute bullying. The aim of this study was to determine whether the perceived ability to defend oneself moderates the association between exposure to bullying behaviors at work and symptoms of anxiety as predicted by the definition of workplace bullying. It was hypothesized that exposure to bullying behaviors would be more strongly related to symptoms of anxiety among targets feeling unable to defend oneself than among targets who do feel that they are able to defend themselves in the actual situation. This survey study was based on a probability sample of 1,608 Norwegian employees (response rate 32%). Only respondents exposed to at least one bullying behavior were included (N = 739). In contrast to hypothesis, the findings showed that ability to defend only had a protective effect on the relationship between exposure to bullying behaviors and anxiety in cases of low exposure. In cases of high exposure, there was a stronger increase in anxiety among employees able to defend themselves than among those who generally felt unable to defend. Hence, the ability to defend against exposure to bullying behaviors does not seem to protect high-exposed targets against symptoms of anxiety. Organization should therefore intervene against bullying in early stages rather than relying on the individual resilience of those exposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morten Birkeland Nielsen
- National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Johannes Gjerstad
- National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Chadwick S, Travaglia J. Workplace bullying in the Australian health context: a systematic review. J Health Organ Manag 2017; 31:286-301. [PMID: 28686136 DOI: 10.1108/jhom-09-2016-0166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose During the past decade, there has been increased attention into bullying behaviours in workplaces. Research to date has varied in design, the definition of what constitutes bullying behaviour, as well as the methods used to collect data and measure bullying incidence and prevalence. Nonetheless, studies demonstrate that bullying is a significant issue, which warrants an increased research focus to develop greater understanding of the concept, its effects and implications in, and for, the workplace. The purpose of this paper is to focus on capturing a range of international and Australian literature regarding workplace bullying behaviours in a health context from a management perspective. As a result, this paper identified the gaps in the literature when expanded specifically to an Australian health context. Design/methodology/approach The purpose of this review is to summarise the existing literature, both internationally and in Australia which examines workplace bullying behaviours in a health context from a management perspective. This describes the review of the literature on workplace bullying in a health context undertaken from January to April 2014. The "Preferred Reporting Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses" method was used to structure the review, which covered a wide range of literature from databases including MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL and InformIT, as well as reports, and grey literature. Findings The review included 62 studies that met the inclusion criteria and reported either: factors contributing to workplace bullying, at least one significant example of workplace bullying behaviour or the impact of workplace bullying behaviours in a health context. Originality/value There is limited data on workplace bullying behaviours in an Australian health context. The literature supports there is value in future research to develop consistent definitions, policies, procedures and frameworks, which could help to prevent or address workplace bullying behaviours based on work being undertaken internationally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharlene Chadwick
- Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney , Sydney, Australia
| | - Joanne Travaglia
- Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney , Sydney, Australia
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Trépanier SG, Fernet C, Austin S. Longitudinal relationships between workplace bullying, basic psychological needs, and employee functioning: a simultaneous investigation of psychological need satisfaction and frustration. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WORK AND ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/1359432x.2015.1132200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Pien LC, Chen DR, Chen CJ, Liang KM, Cheng Y. Associations of neighborhood-level workplace violence with workers' mental distress problems: a multilevel analysis of Taiwanese employees. J Occup Health 2015; 57:555-64. [PMID: 26423828 DOI: 10.1539/joh.15-0132-oa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Workplace violence is known to pose mental health risks. However, whether or not workplace violence in a surrounding area might further increase the risk of mental distress in workers has rarely been examined. METHODS The study subjects were 9,393 male and 7,716 female employees who participated in a nationwide survey in 2010. Their personal experiences of workplace violence over the past 1 year were ascertained by a standardized questionnaire. Also assessed were their psychosocial work characteristics and mental distress problems. Neighborhood-level workplace violence was computed based on aggregated data at the county level and was categorized into low-, medium-, and high-level categories. Multilevel logistic regression models were constructed to examine the associations between neighborhood-level workplace violence and individual-level mental distress problems, with adjustment of individual-level experience of workplace violence. FINDINGS The neighborhood-level prevalence of workplace violence ranged from 4.7 to 14.7% in men and from 6.4 to 14.8% in women across 22 counties. As compared with those who live in counties of the lowest tertile of workplace violence, female workers who lived in counties of the highest tertile of workplace violence had a 1.72-fold increased risk for mental distress problems after controlling for individual experience of workplace violence and other psychosocial work characteristics. CONCLUSION Neighborhood-level workplace violence was associated with poor mental health in female workers. Preventative strategies targeting workplace violence should pay attention to neighborhood factors and gender-specific effects that might influence societal tolerance of abusive work practices and workers' vulnerability to mental health impacts of workplace violence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Chung Pien
- Institute of Health Policy and Management, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University
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Ciby M, Raya R. Workplace Bullying: A Review of the Defining Features, Measurement Methods and Prevalence across Continents. IIM KOZHIKODE SOCIETY & MANAGEMENT REVIEW 2015. [DOI: 10.1177/2277975215587814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Over the past 25 years, academic researchers across the globe have extensively studied the concept, definition and the prevalence of workplace bullying. Even though researchers around the globe explain bullying with multiple terminologies, certain key features define the phenomenon. The researchers have used various methods and tools to measure the prevalence of the phenomenon. Therefore, this article aims to review and present the key defining features, various measuring methods and the prevalence of workplace bullying across various continents, such as, Scandinavia, Europe, North America, Australia and New Zealand, Asia and Africa. The findings from the review of prevalence highlights that workplace bullying is highest in Asia and lowest in Scandinavia. The review draws attention to the various key directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - R.P. Raya
- Pondicherry University, Pondicherry, India
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25
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Workplace Bullying and Mental Health: A Meta-Analysis on Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Data. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0135225. [PMID: 26305785 PMCID: PMC4549296 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A growing body of research has confirmed that workplace bullying is a source of distress and poor mental health. Here we summarize the cross-sectional and longitudinal literature on these associations. Methods Systematic review and meta-analyses on the relation between workplace bullying and mental health. Results The cross-sectional data (65 effect sizes, N = 115.783) showed positive associations between workplace bullying and symptoms of depression (r = .28, 95% CI = .23–.34), anxiety (r = .34, 95% CI = .29–.40) and stress-related psychological complaints (r = .37, 95% CI = .30–.44). Pooling the literature that investigated longitudinal relationships (26 effect sizes, N = 54.450) showed that workplace bullying was related to mental health complaints over time (r = 0.21, 95% CI = 0.13–0.21). Interestingly, baseline mental health problems were associated with subsequent exposure to workplace bullying (r = 0.18, 95% CI = 0.10–0.27; 11 effect sizes, N = 27.028). Limitations All data were self-reported, raising the possibility of reporting- and response set bias. Conclusions Workplace bullying is consistently, and in a bi-directional manner, associated with reduced mental health. This may call for intervention strategies against bullying at work.
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Do negative acts in Italian academia have a quadratic relationship with determinants of health? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT 2015. [DOI: 10.1108/ijem-06-2013-0097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to investigate the prevalence of workplace bullying in an Italian university.
Design/methodology/approach
– More than 200 workers have completed the Italian version of the Negative Acts Questionnaire and the General Health Questionnaire.
Findings
– The results show a spread of low to medium negative actions in the specific setting. In addition, the effects of negative actions on health are less serious than believed by most of the studies on workplace bullying.
Originality/value
– In particular, a quadratic regression model appears to be more appropriate than a linear model.
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Workplace bullying: Propositions from Heider’s balance theory. JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT & ORGANIZATION 2014. [DOI: 10.1017/jmo.2014.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
AbstractIndividuals who allege bullying bring their own version of events to any investigation, and regardless of the allegations made, there is always more than one account of what took place. Perception influences the interpretations placed on our actions and that of others, especially in terms of whether these constitute bullying in the context in which they are observed. Since investigators, and researchers, are heavily reliant on self-reports, it is important to understand how subjectivities affect individual interpretation and responses. Based on Heider’s Balance Theory, this conceptual article presents a series of propositions relating to subjective factors in perceiving an act as bullying. Research which explores these factors will facilitate better understanding of allegations of bullying. Potential implications for research, awareness raising, education and training, investigation and interpretation of allegations of workplace bullying are advanced.
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Nielsen MB, Magerøy N, Gjerstad J, Einarsen S. Workplace bullying and subsequent health problems. TIDSSKRIFT FOR DEN NORSKE LEGEFORENING 2014; 134:1233-8. [PMID: 24989201 DOI: 10.4045/tidsskr.13.0880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cross-sectional studies demonstrate that exposure to bullying in the workplace is positively correlated with self-reported health problems. However, these studies do not provide a basis to draw conclusions on the extent to which bullying leads to increased health problems or whether health problems increase the risk of being bullied. To provide better indications of a causal relationship, knowledge from prospective studies on the association between bullying in the workplace and health outcomes is therefore summarised. MATERIAL AND METHOD We conducted a systematic literature review of original articles from central literature databases on longitudinal associations between bullying in the workplace and health. Average associations between bullying and health outcomes are calculated using meta-analysis. RESULTS A consistent finding across the studies is that exposure to bullying is significantly positively related to mental health problems (OR =1.68; 95% KI 1.35-2.09) and somatic symptoms (OR = 1.77; 95% KI 1.41-2.22) over time. Mental health problems are also associated with subsequent exposure to bullying (OR = 1.74; 95% KI 1.44-2.12). INTERPRETATION Bullying is positively related to mental health problems and somatic symptoms. The association between mental health problems and subsequent bullying indicates a self-reinforcing process between mental health and bullying. The methodological quality of the studies that were conducted is relatively sound. However, based on the existing knowledge base there are no grounds for conclusions regarding an unambiguous causal relationship between bullying and health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nils Magerøy
- Yrkesmedisinsk avdeling Haukeland universitetssykehus
| | - Johannes Gjerstad
- Statens arbeidsmiljøinstitutt og Institutt for biovitenskap Universitetet i Oslo
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Workplace bullying as an antecedent of mental health problems: a five-year prospective and representative study. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2014; 88:131-42. [PMID: 24840725 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-014-0944-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study investigates the proposed long-term relationship between exposure to workplace bullying and subsequent mental health in the form of anxiety and depression with a time lag of 5 years, exploring potential gender differences in these relationships. METHODS The study employs a prospective design with a 5-year time lag in a representative sample of the Norwegian workforce. A cohort of 1,613 employees reported on their exposure to workplace bullying and their symptoms of anxiety and depression at both measurement times. RESULTS The results showed exposure to workplace bullying to be a significant predictor of mental health problems 5 years on, even after controlling for baseline mental health status, gender, age, job-change, job demands and job control, yet for men only. Baseline levels of mental health problems in terms of symptoms of anxiety and depression did not predict subsequent exposure to bullying at follow-up among women, but anxiety did in the case of men. CONCLUSION Workplace bullying poses a serious long-term threat to the health and well-being of workers, at least for men. The results of the study pinpoint the need for mental health treatment as well as for preventive measures in relation to workplace bullying, and pinpoint the need for a gender perspective in these studies.
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Leon-Perez JM, Notelaers G, Arenas A, Munduate L, Medina FJ. Identifying victims of workplace bullying by integrating traditional estimation approaches into a latent class cluster model. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2014; 29:1155-1177. [PMID: 24257593 DOI: 10.1177/0886260513506280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Research findings underline the negative effects of exposure to bullying behaviors and document the detrimental health effects of being a victim of workplace bullying. While no one disputes its negative consequences, debate continues about the magnitude of this phenomenon since very different prevalence rates of workplace bullying have been reported. Methodological aspects may explain these findings. Our contribution to this debate integrates behavioral and self-labeling estimation methods of workplace bullying into a measurement model that constitutes a bullying typology. Results in the present sample (n = 1,619) revealed that six different groups can be distinguished according to the nature and intensity of reported bullying behaviors. These clusters portray different paths for the workplace bullying process, where negative work-related and person-degrading behaviors are strongly intertwined. The analysis of the external validity showed that integrating previous estimation methods into a single measurement latent class model provides a reliable estimation method of workplace bullying, which may overcome previous flaws.
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Neall AM, Tuckey MR. A methodological review of research on the antecedents and consequences of workplace harassment. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/joop.12059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Annabelle M. Neall
- Centre for Applied Psychological Research; School of Psychology, Social Work and Social Policy; University of South Australia; Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - Michelle R. Tuckey
- Centre for Applied Psychological Research; School of Psychology, Social Work and Social Policy; University of South Australia; Adelaide South Australia Australia
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Spence Laschinger HK, Nosko A. Exposure to workplace bullying and post-traumatic stress disorder symptomology: the role of protective psychological resources. J Nurs Manag 2013; 23:252-62. [PMID: 24033807 DOI: 10.1111/jonm.12122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To examine the relationship between nurses' exposure to workplace bullying and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder symptomology and the protective role of psychological capital (PsyCap). BACKGROUND Workplace bullying has serious organisational and health effects in nursing. Few studies have examined the relation of workplace bullying to serious mental health outcomes, such as Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. Even fewer have examined the effect of intrapersonal strengths on the health impact of workplace bullying. METHOD A survey of 1205 hospital nurses was conducted to test the hypothesized model. Nurses completed standardized measures of bullying, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and PsyCap. RESULT A moderated regression analysis revealed that more frequent exposure to workplace bullying was significantly related to Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder symptomology regardless of the PsyCap level. That is, PsyCap did not moderate the bullying/PTSD relationship in either group. Bullying exposure and PsyCap were significant independent predictors of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder symptoms in both groups. Efficacy, a subdimension of PsyCap, moderated the bullying/Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder relationship only among experienced nurses. CONCLUSION Workplace bullying appears to be predictive of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder symptomology, a serious mental health outcome. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT Workplace bullying is a serious threat to nurses' health and calls for programmes that eliminate bullying and encourage greater levels of positive resources among nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather K Spence Laschinger
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
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Trépanier SG, Fernet C, Austin S. Workplace psychological harassment in Canadian nurses: A descriptive study. J Health Psychol 2012; 18:383-96. [DOI: 10.1177/1359105312443401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This descriptive study investigated workplace psychological harassment in a sample of 1179 Canadian nurses. Two complementary types of assessment were used: exposure to negative behaviors and perceived victimization. Results revealed that exposure to negative behaviors was associated with certain sociodemographic variables (i.e. job status and the amount of overtime performed weekly), lower psychological health, and poorer functioning at work. Although many nurses reported being exposed to negative behaviors, few perceived these behaviors as psychological harassment per se. However, regardless of perceptions of victimization, exposure to negative behaviors was detrimental to nurses’ psychological health and functioning at work. Practical implications are discussed.
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