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Bhattacharjee A, Singh AK. Delineating the Acquired Genetic Diversity and Multidrug Resistance in Alcaligenes from Poultry Farms and Nearby Soil. J Microbiol 2024:10.1007/s12275-024-00129-w. [PMID: 38904697 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-024-00129-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Alcaligenes faecalis is one of the most important and clinically significant environmental pathogens, increasing in importance due to its isolation from soil and nosocomial environments. The Gram-negative soil bacterium is associated with skin endocarditis, bacteremia, dysentery, meningitis, endophthalmitis, urinary tract infections, and pneumonia in patients. With emerging antibiotic resistance in A. faecalis, it has become crucial to understand the origin of such resistance genes within this clinically significant environmental and gut bacterium. In this research, we studied the impact of antibiotic overuse in poultry and its effect on developing resistance in A. faecalis. We sampled soil and faecal materials from five poultry farms, performed whole genome sequencing & analysis and identified four strains of A. faecalis. Furthermore, we characterized the genes in the genomic islands of A. faecalis isolates. We found four multidrug-resistant A. faecalis strains that showed resistance against vancomycin (MIC >1000 μg/ml), ceftazidime (50 μg/ml), colistin (50 μg/ml) and ciprofloxacin (50 μg/ml). From whole genome comparative analysis, we found more than 180 resistance genes compared to the reference sequence. Parts of our assembled contigs were found to be similar to different bacteria which included pbp1A and pbp2 imparting resistance to amoxicillin originally a part of Helicobacter and Bordetella pertussis. We also found the Mycobacterial insertion element IS6110 in the genomic islands of all four genomes. This prominent insertion element can be transferred and induce resistance to other bacterial genomes. The results thus are crucial in understanding the transfer of resistance genes in the environment and can help in developing regimes for antibiotic use in the food and poultry industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhilash Bhattacharjee
- Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, Assam, 785006, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 220002, India
- Department of Botany, Dibrugarh Hanumanbax Surajmall Kanoi College, Dibrugarh, 786001, Assam, India
| | - Anil Kumar Singh
- Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, Assam, 785006, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 220002, India.
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2
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Murphy F. Whooping cough: Doctors urge Chinese authorities to review vaccine strategy as cases surge. BMJ 2024; 385:q1274. [PMID: 38857925 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.q1274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
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3
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Koide K, Uchitani Y, Yamaguchi T, Otsuka N, Goto M, Kenri T, Kamachi K. Whole-genome comparison of two same-genotype macrolide-resistant Bordetella pertussis isolates collected in Japan. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298147. [PMID: 38359004 PMCID: PMC10868825 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The emergence of macrolide-resistant Bordetella pertussis (MRBP) is a significant problem because it reduces treatment options for pertussis and exacerbates the severity and spread of the disease. MRBP has been widely prevalent in mainland China since the 2010s and has been sporadically detected in other Asian countries. In Japan, two MRBP clinical strains were first isolated in Tokyo and Osaka between June and July 2018. The isolates BP616 in Osaka and BP625 in Tokyo harbored the same virulence-associated allelic genes (including ptxP1, ptxA1, prn1, fim3A, and fhaB3) and MT195 genotype and exhibited similar antimicrobial susceptibility profiles. However, despite their simultaneous occurrence, a distinguishable epidemiological link between these isolates could not be established. To gain further insight into the genetic relationship between these isolates in this study, we performed whole-genome analyses. Phylogenetic analysis based on genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphisms revealed that the isolates belonged to one of the three clades of Chinese MRBP isolates, but there were 11 single-nucleotide polymorphism differences between BP616 and BP625. Genome structure analysis revealed two large inversions (202 and 523 kbp) and one small transposition (3.8 kbp) between the genomes. These findings indicate that the two Japanese MRBP isolates are closely related to Chinese MRBP isolates but are genomically distinct, suggesting that they were introduced into Japan from mainland China through different transmission routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Koide
- Department of Bacteriology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yumi Uchitani
- Division of Microbiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yamaguchi
- Division of Microbiology, Osaka Institute of Public Health, Osaka, Japan
| | - Nao Otsuka
- Department of Bacteriology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masataka Goto
- Department of Bacteriology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Kenri
- Department of Bacteriology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazunari Kamachi
- Department of Bacteriology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
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Roohparvar Basmenj E, Izadkhah H, Hosseinpour M, Saburi E, Abhaji Ezabadi M, Alipourfard I. A novel approach to design a multiepitope peptide as a vaccine candidate for Bordetella pertussis. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-13. [PMID: 37937610 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2278081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Bordetella pertussis is a very contagious pathogen in humans, causing pertussis disease. Pertussis is one of the 10 leading causes of death due to infectious diseases, especially among infants and children. Antibiotic-resistant strains have recently emerged in this bacterium, and despite the high vaccination coverage, the prevalence of this disease has been increasing recently in both developed and developing countries. The objective of this study is to introduce a novel in silico vaccine candidate aimed at countering B. pertussis effectively. Differing from other comparable studies, this research employed a computational screening methodology to assess the genome of 'Bordetella pertussis 18323.' The purpose was to identify an innovative antigen for the development of a vaccine against B. pertussis. Notably, our investigation introduces an innovative antigen distinguished by its elevated immunogenicity score. Importantly, this antigen lacks toxicity and allergenicity, making it recognizable to the immune system and thus capable of inducing a robust immune response. In the subsequent phase, our antigen was utilized to identify potential epitopes conducive to the construction of a B. pertussis vaccine. These epitopes, alongside linkers, his-tag and adjuvants, were amalgamated to form the vaccine candidate. Subsequently, a comprehensive evaluation of the vaccine was conducted, encompassing various computational tests such as secondary and tertiary structure analysis, physicochemical examination, and structural analysis involving docking and molecular dynamics simulations. Importantly, our vaccine successfully passed all in silico tests.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Habib Izadkhah
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Mathematics, Statistics, and Computer Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Hosseinpour
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ehsan Saburi
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Marjan Abhaji Ezabadi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Iraj Alipourfard
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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5
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Miguelena Chamorro B, De Luca K, Swaminathan G, Longet S, Mundt E, Paul S. Bordetella bronchiseptica and Bordetella pertussis: Similarities and Differences in Infection, Immuno-Modulation, and Vaccine Considerations. Clin Microbiol Rev 2023; 36:e0016422. [PMID: 37306571 PMCID: PMC10512794 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00164-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella bronchiseptica belong to the genus Bordetella, which comprises 14 other species. B. pertussis is responsible for whooping cough in humans, a severe infection in children and less severe or chronic in adults. These infections are restricted to humans and currently increasing worldwide. B. bronchiseptica is involved in diverse respiratory infections in a wide range of mammals. For instance, the canine infectious respiratory disease complex (CIRDC), characterized by a chronic cough in dogs. At the same time, it is increasingly implicated in human infections, while remaining an important pathogen in the veterinary field. Both Bordetella can evade and modulate host immune responses to support their persistence, although it is more pronounced in B. bronchiseptica infection. The protective immune responses elicited by both pathogens are comparable, while there are important characteristics in the mechanisms that differ. However, B. pertussis pathogenesis is more difficult to decipher in animal models than those of B. bronchiseptica because of its restriction to humans. Nevertheless, the licensed vaccines for each Bordetella are different in terms of formulation, route of administration and immune responses induced, with no known cross-reaction between them. Moreover, the target of the mucosal tissues and the induction of long-lasting cellular and humoral responses are required to control and eliminate Bordetella. In addition, the interaction between both veterinary and human fields are essential for the control of this genus, by preventing the infections in animals and the subsequent zoonotic transmission to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Miguelena Chamorro
- CIRI – Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP (Saint-Etienne), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS Lyon, UJM, Lyon, France
- Boehringer Ingelheim, Global Innovation, Saint-Priest, France
| | - Karelle De Luca
- Boehringer Ingelheim, Global Innovation, Saint-Priest, France
| | | | - Stéphanie Longet
- CIRI – Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP (Saint-Etienne), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS Lyon, UJM, Lyon, France
- CIC Inserm 1408 Vaccinology, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Egbert Mundt
- Boehringer Ingelheim, Global Innovation, Saint-Priest, France
| | - Stéphane Paul
- CIRI – Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP (Saint-Etienne), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS Lyon, UJM, Lyon, France
- CIC Inserm 1408 Vaccinology, Saint-Etienne, France
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Lv Z, Yin S, Jiang K, Wang W, Luan Y, Wu S, Shi J, Li Z, Ma X, Wang Z, Yan H. The whole-cell proteome shows the characteristics of macrolides-resistant Bordetella pertussis in China linked to the biofilm formation. Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:219. [PMID: 37148370 PMCID: PMC10164027 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03566-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The macrolides-resistant Bordetella pertussis (MR-Bp) isolates in China evolved from the ptxP1/fhaB3 allele and rapidly became predominant, suggestive of an adaptive transmission ability. This was different from the global prevalent ptxP3 strains, in which MR-Bp was rarely reported. The study aimed to determine the underlying mechanism responsible for fitness and resistance in these two strains. We identify proteomic differences between ptxP1/fhaB3 and ptxP3/fhaB1 strains using tandem mass tag (TMT)-based proteomics. We then performed in-depth bioinformatic analysis to determine differentially expressed genes (DEGs), followed by gene ontology (GO), and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis. Further parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) analysis confirmed the expression of four target proteins. Finally, the crystal violet method was used to determine biofilm-forming ability. The results showed that the main significantly different proteins between the two represent isolates were related to biofilm formation. Furthermore, we have confirmed that ptxP1/fhaB3 showed hyperbiofilm formation in comparison with ptxP3/fhaB1. It is suggested that the resistance and adaptability of ptxP1/fhaB3 strains may be related to the formation of biofilm through proteomics. In a word, we determined the significantly different proteins between the ptxP1/fhaB3 and ptxP3/fhaB1 strains through whole-cell proteome, which were related to biofilm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Lv
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Sha Yin
- National Regional Children's Medical Center (Northwest), Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine to Pediatric Diseases of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Children's Health and Diseases, Shaanxi Institute for Pediatric Diseases; Xi'an Children's Hospital, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 69, Xijuyuan Lane, Xi'an, 710003, China
| | - Kaichong Jiang
- National Regional Children's Medical Center (Northwest), Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine to Pediatric Diseases of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Children's Health and Diseases, Shaanxi Institute for Pediatric Diseases; Xi'an Children's Hospital, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 69, Xijuyuan Lane, Xi'an, 710003, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 69, Xijuyuan Lane, Xi'an, 710003, China
| | - Yang Luan
- Xi'an Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 599 Xiying Road, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Shuang Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 69, Xijuyuan Lane, Xi'an, 710003, China
| | - Jianfei Shi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 69, Xijuyuan Lane, Xi'an, 710003, China
| | - Zhe Li
- Department of Diphtheria, Tetanus and Pertussis Vaccine and Toxins, National Institute for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- Department of Diphtheria, Tetanus and Pertussis Vaccine and Toxins, National Institute for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Zengguo Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 69, Xijuyuan Lane, Xi'an, 710003, China.
| | - Hong Yan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China.
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Wagner GE, Dabernig-Heinz J, Lipp M, Cabal A, Simantzik J, Kohl M, Scheiber M, Lichtenegger S, Ehricht R, Leitner E, Ruppitsch W, Steinmetz I. Real-Time Nanopore Q20+ Sequencing Enables Extremely Fast and Accurate Core Genome MLST Typing and Democratizes Access to High-Resolution Bacterial Pathogen Surveillance. J Clin Microbiol 2023; 61:e0163122. [PMID: 36988494 PMCID: PMC10117118 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.01631-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Next-generation whole-genome sequencing is essential for high-resolution surveillance of bacterial pathogens, for example, during outbreak investigations or for source tracking and escape variant analysis. However, current global sequencing and bioinformatic bottlenecks and a long time to result with standard technologies demand new approaches. In this study, we investigated whether novel nanopore Q20+ long-read chemistry enables standardized and easily accessible high-resolution typing combined with core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST). We set high requirements for discriminatory power by using the slowly evolving bacterium Bordetella pertussis as a model pathogen. Our results show that the increased raw read accuracy enables the description of epidemiological scenarios and phylogenetic linkages at the level of gold-standard short reads. The same was true for our variant analysis of vaccine antigens, resistance genes, and virulence factors, demonstrating that nanopore sequencing is a legitimate competitor in the area of next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based high-resolution bacterial typing. Furthermore, we evaluated the parameters for the fastest possible analysis of the data. By combining the optimized processing pipeline with real-time basecalling, we established a workflow that allows for highly accurate and extremely fast high-resolution typing of bacterial pathogens while sequencing is still in progress. Along with advantages such as low costs and portability, the approach suggested here might democratize modern bacterial typing, enabling more efficient infection control globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel E. Wagner
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Hygiene, Microbiology and Environmental Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Johanna Dabernig-Heinz
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Hygiene, Microbiology and Environmental Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Michaela Lipp
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Hygiene, Microbiology and Environmental Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Adriana Cabal
- Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jonathan Simantzik
- Medical and Life Sciences Faculty, Furtwangen University, Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany
| | - Matthias Kohl
- Medical and Life Sciences Faculty, Furtwangen University, Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany
| | - Martina Scheiber
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Hygiene, Microbiology and Environmental Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sabine Lichtenegger
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Hygiene, Microbiology and Environmental Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ralf Ehricht
- InfectoGnostics Research Campus, Centre for Applied Research, Jena, Germany
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology (Leibniz-IPHT), Jena, Germany
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Jena, Germany
| | - Eva Leitner
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Hygiene, Microbiology and Environmental Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Ivo Steinmetz
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Hygiene, Microbiology and Environmental Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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First NJ, Pedreira-Lopez J, San-Silvestre MRF, Parrish KM, Lu XH, Gestal MC. Bordetella spp. utilize the type 3 secretion system to manipulate the VIP/VPAC2 signaling and promote colonization and persistence of the three classical Bordetella in the lower respiratory tract. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1111502. [PMID: 37065208 PMCID: PMC10090565 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1111502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Bordetella are respiratory pathogens comprised of three classical Bordetella species: B. pertussis, B. parapertussis, and B. bronchiseptica. With recent surges in Bordetella spp. cases and antibiotics becoming less effective to combat infectious diseases, there is an imperative need for novel antimicrobial therapies. Our goal is to investigate the possible targets of host immunomodulatory mechanisms that can be exploited to promote clearance of Bordetella spp. infections. Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is a neuropeptide that promotes Th2 anti-inflammatory responses through VPAC1 and VPAC2 receptor binding and activation of downstream signaling cascades. Methods We used classical growth in vitro assays to evaluate the effects of VIP on Bordetella spp. growth and survival. Using the three classical Bordetella spp. in combination with different mouse strains we were able to evaluate the role of VIP/VPAC2 signaling in the infectious dose 50 and infection dynamics. Finally using the B. bronchiseptica murine model we determine the suitability of VPAC2 antagonists as possible therapy for Bordetella spp. infections. Results Under the hypothesis that inhibition of VIP/VPAC2 signaling would promote clearance, we found that VPAC2-/- mice, lacking a functional VIP/VPAC2 axis, hinder the ability of the bacteria to colonize the lungs, resulting in decreased bacterial burden by all three classical Bordetella species. Moreover, treatment with VPAC2 antagonists decrease lung pathology, suggesting its potential use to prevent lung damage and dysfunction caused by infection. Our results indicate that the ability of Bordetella spp. to manipulate VIP/VPAC signaling pathway appears to be mediated by the type 3 secretion system (T3SS), suggesting that this might serve as a therapeutical target for other gram-negative bacteria. Conclusion Taken together, our findings uncover a novel mechanism of bacteria-host crosstalk that could provide a target for the future treatment for whooping cough as well as other infectious diseases caused primarily by persistent mucosal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J. First
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Louisiana State University (LSU) Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - Jose Pedreira-Lopez
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Louisiana State University (LSU) Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - Manuel R. F. San-Silvestre
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Louisiana State University (LSU) Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - Katelyn M. Parrish
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Louisiana State University (LSU) Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - Xiao-Hong Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Neuroscience, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - Monica C. Gestal
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Louisiana State University (LSU) Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
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Fu P, Zhou J, Yang C, Nijiati Y, Zhou L, Yan G, Lu G, Zhai X, Wang C. Molecular Evolution and Increasing Macrolide Resistance of Bordetella pertussis, Shanghai, China, 2016-2022. Emerg Infect Dis 2023; 30:29-38. [PMID: 38146984 PMCID: PMC10756392 DOI: 10.3201/eid3001.221588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Resurgence and spread of macrolide-resistant Bordetella pertussis (MRBP) threaten global public health. We collected 283 B. pertussis isolates during 2016-2022 in Shanghai, China, and conducted 23S rRNA gene A2047G mutation detection, multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis, and virulence genotyping analysis. We performed whole-genome sequencing on representative strains. We detected pertussis primarily in infants (0-1 years of age) before 2020 and older children (>5-10 years of age) after 2020. The major genotypes were ptxP1/prn1/fhaB3/ptxA1/ptxC1/fim2-1/fim3-1 (48.7%) and ptxP3/prn2/fhaB1/ptxA1/ptxC2/fim2-1/fim3-1 (47.7%). MRBP increased remarkably from 2016 (36.4%) to 2022 (97.2%). All MRBPs before 2020 harbored ptxP1, and 51.4% belonged to multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis type (MT) 195, whereas ptxP3-MRBP increased from 0% before 2020 to 66.7% after 2020, and all belonged to MT28. MT28 ptxP3-MRBP emerged only after 2020 and replaced the resident MT195 ptxP1-MRBP, revealing that 2020 was a watershed in the transformation of MRBP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chao Yang
- National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China (P. Fu, J. Zhou, Y. Nijiati, L. Zhou, G. Yan, G. Lu, X. Zhai, C. Wang)
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai (C. Yang)
| | - Yaxier Nijiati
- National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China (P. Fu, J. Zhou, Y. Nijiati, L. Zhou, G. Yan, G. Lu, X. Zhai, C. Wang)
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai (C. Yang)
| | - Lijun Zhou
- National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China (P. Fu, J. Zhou, Y. Nijiati, L. Zhou, G. Yan, G. Lu, X. Zhai, C. Wang)
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai (C. Yang)
| | - Gangfen Yan
- National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China (P. Fu, J. Zhou, Y. Nijiati, L. Zhou, G. Yan, G. Lu, X. Zhai, C. Wang)
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai (C. Yang)
| | - Guoping Lu
- National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China (P. Fu, J. Zhou, Y. Nijiati, L. Zhou, G. Yan, G. Lu, X. Zhai, C. Wang)
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai (C. Yang)
| | - Xiaowen Zhai
- National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China (P. Fu, J. Zhou, Y. Nijiati, L. Zhou, G. Yan, G. Lu, X. Zhai, C. Wang)
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai (C. Yang)
| | - Chuanqing Wang
- National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China (P. Fu, J. Zhou, Y. Nijiati, L. Zhou, G. Yan, G. Lu, X. Zhai, C. Wang)
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai (C. Yang)
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10
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Ivaska L, Barkoff AM, Mertsola J, He Q. Macrolide Resistance in Bordetella pertussis: Current Situation and Future Challenges. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:1570. [PMID: 36358225 PMCID: PMC9686491 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11111570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Pertussis is a highly contagious respiratory infection caused by Bordetella pertussis bacterium. The mainstay of treatment is macrolide antibiotics that reduce transmissibility, shorten the duration of symptoms and decrease mortality in infants. Recently, the macrolide resistance of B. pertussis has been reported globally but is especially widespread in mainland China. In this review, we aim to summarise the current understanding of the epidemiology, resistance mechanisms and clinical implications of B. pertussis macrolide resistance. Since the first appearance of macrolide-resistant B. pertussis in Arizona, USA, in 1994, only sporadic cases have been reported outside China. In certain parts of China, on the other hand, up to 70-100% of the recent clinical isolates have been found to be macrolide resistant. Reasons for macrolide resistance being centred upon China during the last decade can only be speculated on, but the dominant B. pertussis lineage is different between China and most of the high-income countries. It seems evident that efforts to increase awareness, guide molecular epidemiological surveillance and carry out systematic screening of B. pertussis positive samples for macrolide resistance should be implemented globally. In addition, practices to improve the clinical care of infants with pertussis caused by resistant strains should be studied vigorously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauri Ivaska
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, 20521 Turku, Finland
- InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Alex-Mikael Barkoff
- Institute of Biomedicine, Centre for Infections and Immunity, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Jussi Mertsola
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, 20521 Turku, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, Centre for Infections and Immunity, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Qiushui He
- InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, Centre for Infections and Immunity, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
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11
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Complete Genome Sequence of a Macrolide-Resistant Bordetella pertussis Isolated in Japan. Microbiol Resour Announc 2022; 11:e0071822. [PMID: 36129277 PMCID: PMC9584335 DOI: 10.1128/mra.00718-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the complete genome sequence of macrolide-resistant Bordetella pertussis BP616, which was first isolated in 2018 in Japan. The BP616 genome can serve as a valuable specific reference for genomic and epidemiological studies of this resistant bacterium.
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12
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Wu X, Du Q, Li D, Yuan L, Meng Q, Fu Z, Xu H, Yao K, Zhao R. A Cross-Sectional Study Revealing the Emergence of Erythromycin-Resistant Bordetella pertussis Carrying ptxP3 Alleles in China. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:901617. [PMID: 35923401 PMCID: PMC9342848 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.901617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous limited studies have identified that Bordetella pertussis (B. pertussis) isolates circulating in China possess distinct molecular features and high rates of erythromycin-resistance (ER). Their evolution and potential impact on the prevention and control of global pertussis are worthy of attention. Methods The present cross-sectional study involved 311 non-duplicate and unrelated B. pertussis strains isolated from Chinese children from 2017 to 2019. Their antimicrobial susceptibilities were assessed using both E-test strips and Kirby-Bauer (KB) disk diffusion methods. Seven virulence-related genes (ptxA, ptxC, ptxP, prn, fim2, fim3, and tcfA2) and the A2047G mutation in the 23S rRNA gene were detected by PCR. Based on the susceptibilities and genotypes, 50 isolates were selected for multi-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA) typing and whole-genome sequencing. Results A total of 311 B. pertussis strains were isolated from children with a median age of 4 months (interquartile range: 2–9 months). Strains carrying the ptxP1 allele were more frequent (84.9%, 264/311), were always ER (except for one strain), and were mainly related to ptxA1/ptxC1/prn1 alleles (99.6%, 263/264). The remaining 47 (15.1%) strains carried the ptxP3 allele, mainly harboring the ptxA1/ptxC2/prn2 alleles (93.6%, 44/47), and were sensitive to erythromycin (except for two strains). The two ER-ptxP3 isolates were first identified in China, belonged to MT27 and MT28 according to MLVA, and were classified into sub-lineage IVd by phylogenetic analysis of their genome sequences. This sub-lineage also includes many strains carrying the ptxP3 allele spreading in developed countries. For each tested antimicrobial, the susceptibilities judged by KB disks were consistent with those determined by E-test strips. Conclusion The present results reveal that B. pertussis strains with the ptxP1-ER profile still dominate in China, and a few strains carrying the ptxP3 allele have acquired the A2047G mutation in the 23S rRNA gene and the ER phenotype. The surveillance of the drug susceptibility of B. pertussis is necessary for all countries, and the KB disk method can be adopted as a screening test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing, China
| | - Qianqian Du
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
| | - Dongfang Li
- BGI Pathogenesis Pharmaceutical Technology, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lin Yuan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
| | - Qinghong Meng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
| | - Zhou Fu
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongmei Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing, China
| | - Kaihu Yao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Kaihu Yao,
| | - Ruiqiu Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing, China
- Ruiqiu Zhao,
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13
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Bridel S, Bouchez V, Brancotte B, Hauck S, Armatys N, Landier A, Mühle E, Guillot S, Toubiana J, Maiden MCJ, Jolley KA, Brisse S. A comprehensive resource for Bordetella genomic epidemiology and biodiversity studies. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3807. [PMID: 35778384 PMCID: PMC9249784 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31517-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Bordetella includes bacteria that are found in the environment and/or associated with humans and other animals. A few closely related species, including Bordetella pertussis, are human pathogens that cause diseases such as whooping cough. Here, we present a large database of Bordetella isolates and genomes and develop genotyping systems for the genus and for the B. pertussis clade. To generate the database, we merge previously existing databases from Oxford University and Institut Pasteur, import genomes from public repositories, and add 83 newly sequenced B. bronchiseptica genomes. The public database currently includes 2582 Bordetella isolates and their provenance data, and 2085 genomes ( https://bigsdb.pasteur.fr/bordetella/ ). We use core-genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) to develop genotyping systems for the whole genus and for B. pertussis, as well as specific schemes to define antigenic, virulence and macrolide resistance profiles. Phylogenetic analyses allow us to redefine evolutionary relationships among known Bordetella species, and to propose potential new species. Our database provides an expandable resource for genotyping of environmental and clinical Bordetella isolates, thus facilitating evolutionary and epidemiological research on whooping cough and other Bordetella infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Bridel
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Biodiversity and Epidemiology of Bacterial Pathogens, Paris, France
| | - Valérie Bouchez
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Biodiversity and Epidemiology of Bacterial Pathogens, Paris, France.,National Reference Center for Whooping Cough and other Bordetella Infections, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Bryan Brancotte
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Hub, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Sofia Hauck
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, 11a Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3SZ, UK
| | - Nathalie Armatys
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Biodiversity and Epidemiology of Bacterial Pathogens, Paris, France.,National Reference Center for Whooping Cough and other Bordetella Infections, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Annie Landier
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Biodiversity and Epidemiology of Bacterial Pathogens, Paris, France.,National Reference Center for Whooping Cough and other Bordetella Infections, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Estelle Mühle
- Collection de l´Institut Pasteur, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Guillot
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Biodiversity and Epidemiology of Bacterial Pathogens, Paris, France.,National Reference Center for Whooping Cough and other Bordetella Infections, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Julie Toubiana
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Biodiversity and Epidemiology of Bacterial Pathogens, Paris, France.,National Reference Center for Whooping Cough and other Bordetella Infections, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Department of General Pediatrics and Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Université Paris Cité, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Martin C J Maiden
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, 11a Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3SZ, UK
| | - Keith A Jolley
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, 11a Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3SZ, UK
| | - Sylvain Brisse
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Biodiversity and Epidemiology of Bacterial Pathogens, Paris, France. .,National Reference Center for Whooping Cough and other Bordetella Infections, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
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14
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Thuy Nga DT, Thi Bich Thuy P, Ainai A, Takayama I, Huong DT, Saitoh A, Nakagawa S, Minh Dien T, Nakajima N, Saitoh A. Association Between Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction Cycle Threshold Value and Clinical Severity in Neonates and Infants Infected With Bordetella pertussis. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2022; 41:388-393. [PMID: 35093999 DOI: 10.1097/inf.0000000000003471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is highly sensitive and is thus the standard method for diagnosing pertussis. Real-time PCR is widely used because of its accuracy and the simplicity of the simultaneous cycle threshold (Ct) value, which represents the copy numbers of the target gene. Little is known of the association of Ct value with pertussis severity in neonates and infants. METHODS This study determined Ct values in neonates and infants diagnosed with pertussis by real-time PCR using nasopharyngeal samples at Vietnam National Children's Hospital in Hanoi in 2017 and 2019. The association of disease severity and clinical parameters were analyzed using univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS We evaluated 108 patients with pertussis [median age: 63 days, interquartile range (IQR): 41-92 days]. Only 6/108 (6%) received at least 1 dose of a pertussis-containing vaccine. Among them, 24 (22.2%) had severe disease requiring care in a pediatric intensive care unit, 16 (13.8%) required mechanical ventilation, and 3 (2.6%) died. The median Ct value was lower in patients with severe disease (19.0, IQR: 16.5-22.0, n = 24) than in those without severe disease (25.5, IQR: 20.0-30.0, n = 84) (P = 0.002). Logistic regression analyses demonstrated that PCR Ct value [odds ratio (OR): 1.783, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.013-3.138, P = 0.045], age (OR: 3.118, 95% CI: 1.643-5.920, P = 0.001), and white blood cell counts (OR: 0.446, 95% CI: 0.261-0.763, P = 0.003) remained significantly associated with severe disease. CONCLUSIONS Real-time PCR Ct values for pertussis might be useful as a predictor of severe disease in neonates and infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do Thi Thuy Nga
- From the Division of General Internal Medicine, The Center for Tropical Diseases, Vietnam National Children's Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Phung Thi Bich Thuy
- Department of Molecular Biology for Infectious Disease, Vietnam National Children's Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Akira Ainai
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ikuyo Takayama
- Center for Influenza and Respiratory Virus Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Do Thu Huong
- Department of Molecular Biology for Infectious Disease, Vietnam National Children's Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Aya Saitoh
- Department of Nursing, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nakagawa
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tran Minh Dien
- Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Vietnam National Children's Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Noriko Nakajima
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihiko Saitoh
- Department of Pediatrics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
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15
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Lefrancq N, Bouchez V, Fernandes N, Barkoff AM, Bosch T, Dalby T, Åkerlund T, Darenberg J, Fabianova K, Vestrheim DF, Fry NK, González-López JJ, Gullsby K, Habington A, He Q, Litt D, Martini H, Piérard D, Stefanelli P, Stegger M, Zavadilova J, Armatys N, Landier A, Guillot S, Hong SL, Lemey P, Parkhill J, Toubiana J, Cauchemez S, Salje H, Brisse S. Global spatial dynamics and vaccine-induced fitness changes of Bordetella pertussis. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabn3253. [PMID: 35476597 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abn3253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
As with other pathogens, competitive interactions between Bordetella pertussis strains drive infection risk. Vaccines are thought to perturb strain diversity through shifts in immune pressures; however, this has rarely been measured because of inadequate data and analytical tools. We used 3344 sequences from 23 countries to show that, on average, there are 28.1 transmission chains circulating within a subnational region, with the number of chains strongly associated with host population size. It took 5 to 10 years for B. pertussis to be homogeneously distributed throughout Europe, with the same time frame required for the United States. Increased fitness of pertactin-deficient strains after implementation of acellular vaccines, but reduced fitness otherwise, can explain long-term genotype dynamics. These findings highlight the role of vaccine policy in shifting local diversity of a pathogen that is responsible for 160,000 deaths annually.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noémie Lefrancq
- Insitut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases Unit, UMR2000, CNRS, 75015 Paris, France.,Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EH, UK
| | - Valérie Bouchez
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Biodiversity and Epidemiology of Bacterial Pathogens, 75724 Paris, France.,National Reference Center for Whooping Cough and Other Bordetella Infections, 75724 Paris, France
| | - Nadia Fernandes
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Biodiversity and Epidemiology of Bacterial Pathogens, 75724 Paris, France
| | - Alex-Mikael Barkoff
- University of Turku UTU, Institute of Biomedicine, Research Center for Infections and Immunity, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Thijs Bosch
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3720 BA Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Tine Dalby
- Statens Serum Institut, Bacteria, Parasites and Fungi/Infectious Disease Preparedness, 2300 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Åkerlund
- The Public Health Agency of Sweden, Unit for Laboratory Surveillance of Bacterial Pathogens, SE-171 82 Solna, Sweden
| | - Jessica Darenberg
- The Public Health Agency of Sweden, Unit for Laboratory Surveillance of Bacterial Pathogens, SE-171 82 Solna, Sweden
| | - Katerina Fabianova
- National Institute of Public Health, Department of Infectious Diseases Epidemiology, CZ-10000 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Didrik F Vestrheim
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Department of Infectious Disease Control and Vaccine, N-0213 Oslo, Norway
| | - Norman K Fry
- Respiratory and Vaccine Preventable Bacteria Reference Unit, Public Health England-National Infection Service, London NW9 5EQ, UK.,Immunisation and Countermeasures Division, Public Health England-National Infection Service, London NW9 5EQ, UK
| | - Juan José González-López
- University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Microbiology Department, 08035 Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Karolina Gullsby
- Centre for Research and Development, Uppsala University/Region Gävleborg, 80187 Gävle, Sweden
| | - Adele Habington
- Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Children's Health Ireland, Crumlin, D12 N512 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Qiushui He
- University of Turku UTU, Institute of Biomedicine, Research Center for Infections and Immunity, FI-20520 Turku, Finland.,InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - David Litt
- Respiratory and Vaccine Preventable Bacteria Reference Unit, Public Health England-National Infection Service, London NW9 5EQ, UK
| | - Helena Martini
- Department of Microbiology, National Reference Centre for Bordetella pertussis, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), B-1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Denis Piérard
- Department of Microbiology, National Reference Centre for Bordetella pertussis, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), B-1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Paola Stefanelli
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, IT-00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Marc Stegger
- Statens Serum Institut, Bacteria, Parasites and Fungi/Infectious Disease Preparedness, 2300 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jana Zavadilova
- National Institute of Public Health, National Reference Laboratory for Pertussis and Diphtheria, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Nathalie Armatys
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Biodiversity and Epidemiology of Bacterial Pathogens, 75724 Paris, France.,National Reference Center for Whooping Cough and Other Bordetella Infections, 75724 Paris, France
| | - Annie Landier
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Biodiversity and Epidemiology of Bacterial Pathogens, 75724 Paris, France.,National Reference Center for Whooping Cough and Other Bordetella Infections, 75724 Paris, France
| | - Sophie Guillot
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Biodiversity and Epidemiology of Bacterial Pathogens, 75724 Paris, France.,National Reference Center for Whooping Cough and Other Bordetella Infections, 75724 Paris, France
| | - Samuel L Hong
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Philippe Lemey
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Julian Parkhill
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK
| | - Julie Toubiana
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Biodiversity and Epidemiology of Bacterial Pathogens, 75724 Paris, France.,National Reference Center for Whooping Cough and Other Bordetella Infections, 75724 Paris, France.,Université Paris Cité, Department of General Paediatrics and Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, APHP, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Simon Cauchemez
- Insitut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases Unit, UMR2000, CNRS, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Henrik Salje
- Insitut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases Unit, UMR2000, CNRS, 75015 Paris, France.,Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EH, UK
| | - Sylvain Brisse
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Biodiversity and Epidemiology of Bacterial Pathogens, 75724 Paris, France.,National Reference Center for Whooping Cough and Other Bordetella Infections, 75724 Paris, France
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16
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Lin LN, Zhou JS, Hua CZ, Bai GN, Mi YM, Zhou MM. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of pertussis in children and their close contacts in households: A cross-sectional survey in Zhejiang Province, China. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:976796. [PMID: 36061393 PMCID: PMC9434343 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.976796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the expanded immunization programs, the "re-emergence of pertussis" has become a global concern in recent years. At present, the prevalence of pertussis in China is seriously underestimated, and the role of close contact on the disease spreading in children remains unclear. OBJECTIVES Our study aimed to investigate pertussis's epidemiological and clinical characteristics in children and their close contacts in households, as well as the antimicrobial resistance of Bordetella pertussis (B. pertussis) in Zhejiang Province, China. METHODS We have collected the retrospective and prospective data of children who were suspected of pertussis and their close contacts in households from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2020, in the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected and cultured for B. pertussis. Antibiotics susceptibility test was determined by using E-test methods. Clinical information was collected from the medical records systems. RESULTS A total of 350 index patients and their 946 family members (close contacts in households) from 350 families were recruited. B. pertussis strains were isolated from 130 (37.1%) index patients and 116 (12.3%) close contacts. 37 index patients had negative culture results for B. pertussis while their close contacts were positive. A higher positive rate was found in female adults than that in male adults (16.3% vs. 5.1%, P < 0.01). The positive rate in index patients from multi-child families was significantly higher than that from one-child families (51.7% vs. 37.7%, P < 0.05). 53.3% of the pertussis patients were under 6 months of age. 98 (75.4%) isolates had MICs ≥ 256 mg/L to erythromycin, azithromycin, and clindamycin, and 127 (97.7%) had MICs < 0.016 mg/L to piperacillin. CONCLUSION Infants under 6 months of age are at high risk of pertussis, and close contacts in households are prone to cluster infection. Culture for B. pertussis both in children and their close contacts contributes to improving the diagnosis rate of pertussis in children. Isolates of B. pertussis in China are highly resistant to macrolides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luo-Na Lin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jin-Si Zhou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chun-Zhen Hua
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guan-Nan Bai
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Mei Mi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ming-Ming Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Asghar S, Khan IU, Salman S, Khalid SH, Ashfaq R, Vandamme TF. Plant-derived nanotherapeutic systems to counter the overgrowing threat of resistant microbes and biofilms. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 179:114019. [PMID: 34699940 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.114019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Since antiquity, the survival of human civilization has always been threatened by the microbial infections. An alarming surge in the resistant microbial strains against the conventional drugs is quite evident in the preceding years. Furthermore, failure of currently available regimens of antibiotics has been highlighted by the emerging threat of biofilms in the community and hospital settings. Biofilms are complex dynamic composites rich in extracellular polysaccharides and DNA, supporting plethora of symbiotic microbial life forms, that can grow on both living and non-living surfaces. These enforced structures are impervious to the drugs and lead to spread of recurrent and non-treatable infections. There is a strong realization among the scientists and healthcare providers to work out alternative strategies to combat the issue of drug resistance and biofilms. Plants are a traditional but rich source of effective antimicrobials with wider spectrum due to presence of multiple constituents in perfect synergy. Other than the biocompatibility and the safety profile, these phytochemicals have been repeatedly proven to overcome the non-responsiveness of resistant microbes and films via multiple pathways such as blocking the efflux pumps, better penetration across the cell membranes or biofilms, and anti-adhesive properties. However, the unfavorable physicochemical attributes and stability issues of these phytochemicals have hampered their commercialization. These issues of the phytochemicals can be solved by designing suitably constructed nanoscaled structures. Nanosized systems can not only improve the physicochemical features of the encapsulated payloads but can also enhance their pharmacokinetic and therapeutic profile. This review encompasses why and how various types of phytochemicals and their nanosized preparations counter the microbial resistance and the biofouling. We believe that phytochemical in tandem with nanotechnological innovations can be employed to defeat the microbial resistance and biofilms. This review will help in better understanding of the challenges associated with developing such platforms and their future prospects.
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18
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Fry NK, Campbell H, Amirthalingam G. JMM Profile: Bordetella pertussis and whooping cough (pertussis): still a significant cause of infant morbidity and mortality, but vaccine-preventable. J Med Microbiol 2021; 70. [PMID: 34668853 PMCID: PMC8604168 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Whooping cough (pertussis) is a highly contagious respiratory bacterial infection caused by Bordetella pertussis and is an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly in infants. Bordetella parapertussis can cause a similar, but usually less severe pertussis-like disease. Bordetella pertussis has a number of virulence factors including adhesins and toxins which allow the organism to bind to ciliated epithelial cells in the upper respiratory tract and interfere with host clearance mechanisms. Typical symptoms of pertussis include paroxysmal cough with characteristic whoop and vomiting. Severe complications and deaths occur mostly in infants. Laboratory confirmation can be performed by isolation, detection of genomic DNA or specific antibodies. Childhood vaccination is safe, effective and remains the best control method available. Many countries have replaced whole-cell pertussis vaccines (wP) with acellular pertussis vaccines (aP). Waning protection following immunisation with aP is considered to be more rapid than that from wP. Deployed by resource-rich countries to date, maternal immunisation programmes have also demonstrated high efficacy in preventing hospitalisation and death in infants by passive immunisation through transplacental transfer of maternal antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norman K Fry
- Immunisation and Countermeasures Division, Public Health England - National Infection Service, London, UK.,Vaccine Preventable Bacteria Section, Public Health England - National Infection Service, London, UK
| | - Helen Campbell
- Immunisation and Countermeasures Division, Public Health England - National Infection Service, London, UK
| | - Gayatri Amirthalingam
- Immunisation and Countermeasures Division, Public Health England - National Infection Service, London, UK
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