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Marynowicz W, Tatarczuch A, Flis Z, Molik E, Ptak A. Involvement of Orotic Acid in Mitochondrial Activity of Ovarian Granulosa Cells and Oocyte Meiotic Maturation. Int J Mol Sci 2025; 26:4479. [PMID: 40429624 PMCID: PMC12111157 DOI: 10.3390/ijms26104479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2025] [Revised: 04/24/2025] [Accepted: 05/06/2025] [Indexed: 05/29/2025] Open
Abstract
Orotic acid (OA) is a natural component of milk and is found in many biological fluids such as human ovarian follicular fluid. However, its effect on ovarian cells is unknown. Some studies suggest that OA may alter lipid metabolism and energy production in cells. In the present study, we determine the effect of OA on mitochondrial function and lipid droplet content in the human granulosa cell line. The effect of OA on in vitro mouse oocyte maturation and mitochondrial activity was also investigated. We found that repeated exposure to OA (0.01-1000 µM) did not alter the viability of human epithelial (HOSEpiC) and granulosa (HGrC1) ovarian cells. HGrC1 cells treated with a high dose of OA (500 µM) showed a more aerobic and energetic phenotype than control cells, whereas this effect was not observed after treatment with lower doses (0.01 and 100 µM) of OA. In addition, OA at a high dose (500 µM) reduced lipid droplet (LD) content without altering glucose (GLUT1, GLUT4) and fatty acid transporter (SLC27A1) gene expression in HGrC1 cells. At the same time, OA at 100 µM did not disrupt mouse in vitro oocyte maturation, whereas OA at 500 µM inhibited this process by arresting oocytes at the germinal vesicle (GV) stage with a reduction in mitochondrial activity. Our results show that OA at high doses can disrupt female reproduction, but normal dietary orotate intake does not have a negative effect on ovarian function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weronika Marynowicz
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (W.M.); (A.T.)
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Prof. St. Łojasiewicza St 11, 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Tatarczuch
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (W.M.); (A.T.)
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Prof. St. Łojasiewicza St 11, 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Flis
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Biotechnology, and Fisheries, Faculty of Animal Science, University of Agriculture in Krakow, al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Krakow, Poland; (Z.F.); (E.M.)
| | - Edyta Molik
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Biotechnology, and Fisheries, Faculty of Animal Science, University of Agriculture in Krakow, al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Krakow, Poland; (Z.F.); (E.M.)
| | - Anna Ptak
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (W.M.); (A.T.)
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Xiang KF, Wan JJ, Wang PY, Liu X. Role of glycogen in cardiac metabolic stress. Metabolism 2025; 162:156059. [PMID: 39500406 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2024.156059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2024] [Revised: 10/22/2024] [Accepted: 10/30/2024] [Indexed: 11/11/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic stress in the myocardium arises from a diverse array of acute and chronic pathophysiological contexts. Glycogen mishandling is a key feature of metabolic stress, while maladaptation in energy-stress situations confers functional deficits. Cardiac glycogen serves as a pivotal reserve for myocardial energy, which is classically described as an energy source and contributes to glucose homeostasis during hypoxia or ischemia. Despite extensive research activity, how glycogen metabolism affects cardiovascular disease remains unclear. In this review, we focus on its regulation across myocardial energy metabolism in response to stress, and its role in metabolism, immunity, and autophagy. We further summarize the cardiovascular-related drugs regulating glycogen metabolism. In this way, we provide current knowledge for the understanding of glycogen metabolism in the myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Fa Xiang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China; Department of Cardiology, The 72nd Group Army Hospital, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000, China
| | - Jing-Jing Wan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng-Yuan Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xia Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
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Zhou S, Liu L, Ye B, Xu Y, You Y, Zhu S, Ju J, Yang J, Li W, Xia M, Liu Y. Gut microbial metabolism is linked to variations in circulating non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol. EBioMedicine 2024; 104:105150. [PMID: 38728837 PMCID: PMC11090025 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-c) was a strong risk factor for incident cardiovascular diseases and proved to be a better target of lipid-lowering therapies. Recently, gut microbiota has been implicated in the regulation of host metabolism. However, its causal role in the variation of non-HDL-c remains unclear. METHODS Microbial species and metabolic capacities were assessed with fecal metagenomics, and their associations with non-HDL-c were evaluated by Spearman correlation, followed by LASSO and linear regression adjusted for established cardiovascular risk factors. Moreover, integrative analysis with plasma metabolomics were performed to determine the key molecules linking microbial metabolism and variation of non-HDL-c. Furthermore, bi-directional mendelian randomization analysis was performed to determine the potential causal associations of selected species and metabolites with non-HDL-c. FINDINGS Decreased Eubacterium rectale but increased Clostridium sp CAG_299 were causally linked to a higher level of non-HDL-c. A total of 16 microbial capacities were found to be independently associated with non-HDL-c after correcting for age, sex, demographics, lifestyles and comorbidities, with the strongest association observed for tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Furthermore, decreased 3-indolepropionic acid and N-methyltryptamine, resulting from suppressed capacities for microbial reductive TCA cycle, functioned as major microbial effectors to the elevation of circulating non-HDL-c. INTERPRETATION Overall, our findings provided insight into the causal effects of gut microbes on non-HDL-c and uncovered a novel link between non-HDL-c and microbial metabolism, highlighting the possibility of regulating non-HDL-c by microbiota-modifying interventions. FUNDING A full list of funding bodies can be found in the Sources of funding section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyi Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, PR China; Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Ludi Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, PR China; Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Bingqi Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, PR China; Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yingxi Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, PR China; Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yi You
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, PR China; Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Shanshan Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, PR China; Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jingmeng Ju
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, PR China; Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jialu Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, PR China; Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Wenkang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, PR China; Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Min Xia
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, PR China; Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China.
| | - Yan Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, PR China; Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China.
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Marynowicz W, Borski N, Flis Z, Ptak A, Molik E. Orotic acid induces apoptotic death in ovarian adult granulosa tumour cells and increases mitochondrial activity in normal ovarian granulosa cells. Reprod Biol 2023; 23:100790. [PMID: 37478515 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2023.100790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Orotic acid (OA) is a natural product that acts as a precursor in the pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthesis pathway. Most studies concerning administration of OA focus on its therapeutic effects; however, its effect on tumours is unclear. We aimed to determine whether treatment with OA influences the viability and apoptosis of normal (HGrC1) and tumour-derived (KGN) human ovarian granulosa cells. The effects of OA (10-250 μM) on viability and apoptosis of both cell lines were determined by using alamarBlue and assessing caspase-3/7 activity, respectively. Annexin V binding and loss of membrane integrity were evaluated in KGN cells. The cell cycle and proliferation of HGrC1 cells were assessed by performing flow cytometric and DNA content analyses, respectively. The influence of OA (10 and 100 μM) on cell cycle- and apoptosis-related gene expression was assessed by RT-qPCR in both cell lines. Mitochondrial activity was analysed by JC-1 staining in HGrC1 cells. In KGN cells, OA reduced viability and increased caspase-3/7 activity, but did not affect mRNA expression of Caspase 3, BAX, and BCL2. OA enhanced proliferation and mitochondrial activity in HGrC1 cells without activating apoptosis. This study demonstrates that the anti-cancer properties of OA in ovarian granulosa tumour cells are not related to changes in apoptosis-associated gene expression, but to increased caspase-3/7 activity. Thus, OA is a promising therapeutic agent for ovarian granulosa tumours. Further, our results suggest that differences in basal expression of cell cycle- and apoptosis-related genes between the two cell lines are responsible for their different responses to OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weronika Marynowicz
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Norbert Borski
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Flis
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Biotechnology, and Fisheries, Faculty of Animal Science, University of Agriculture in Krakow, al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Ptak
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Edyta Molik
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Biotechnology, and Fisheries, Faculty of Animal Science, University of Agriculture in Krakow, al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Krakow, Poland.
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Monteiro BL, Santos RAS, Mario EG, Araujo TS, Savergnini SSQ, Santiago AF, Muzzi RAL, Castro IC, Teixeira LG, Botion LM, Marinho BM, Santos SHS, Porto LCJ. Genetic deletion of Mas receptor in FVB/N mice impairs cardiac use of glucose and lipids. Peptides 2022; 151:170764. [PMID: 35151766 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2022.170764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Angiotensin-(1-7) is a biologically active product of the renin-angiotensin system cascade and exerts inhibitory effects on inflammation, vascular and cellular growth mechanisms signaling through the G protein-coupled Mas receptor. The major purpose of the present study was to investigate the use of glucose and fatty acids by cardiac tissue in Mas knockout mice models. Serum levels of glucose, lipids, and insulin were measured in Mas-deficient and wild-type FVB/N mice. To investigate the cardiac use of lipids, the lipoprotein lipase, the gene expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha; carnitine palmitoyltransferase I and acyl-CoA oxidase were evaluated. To investigate the cardiac use of glucose, the insulin signaling through Akt/GLUT4 pathway, glucose-6-phosphate (G-6-P) and fructose-6-phosphate (F-6-P) glycolytic intermediates, in addition to ATP, lactate and the glycogen content were measured. Despite normal body weight, cholesterol and insulin, Mas-Knockout mice presented hyperglycemia and hypertriglyceridemia, impaired insulin signaling, through reduced phosphorylation of AKT and decreased translocation of GLUT4 in response to insulin, with subsequent decrease of the cardiac G-6-P and F-6-P. Lactate production and glycogen content were not altered in Mas-KO hearts. Mas-KO presented reduced cardiac lipoprotein lipase activity and decreased translocation of CD36 in response to insulin. The expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha and carnitine palmitoyltransferase I genes were lower in Mas-KO animals compared to wild-type animals. The ATP content of Mas-KO hearts was smaller than in wild-type. The present results suggest that genetic deletion of Mas produced a devastating effect on cardiac use of glucose and lipids, leading to lower energy efficiency in the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda L Monteiro
- Federal University of Lavras, Department of Nutrition, Av. Norte UFLA - Aquenta Sol, Lavras, MG, Brazil.
| | - Robson A S Santos
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627 - Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - Erica G Mario
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627 - Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - Thiago S Araujo
- Federal University of Lavras, Department of Nutrition, Av. Norte UFLA - Aquenta Sol, Lavras, MG, Brazil.
| | - Silvia S Q Savergnini
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627 - Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - Andrezza F Santiago
- Federal University of Lavras, Department of Nutrition, Av. Norte UFLA - Aquenta Sol, Lavras, MG, Brazil.
| | - Ruthnea A L Muzzi
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences (ICA), Food Engineering, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Isabela C Castro
- Federal University of Lavras, Department of Nutrition, Av. Norte UFLA - Aquenta Sol, Lavras, MG, Brazil.
| | - Lilian G Teixeira
- Federal University of Lavras, Department of Nutrition, Av. Norte UFLA - Aquenta Sol, Lavras, MG, Brazil.
| | - Leida M Botion
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627 - Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - Barbhara M Marinho
- Laboratory of Health Science, Postgraduate Program in Health Science, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros (Unimontes), Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Sergio H S Santos
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences (ICA), Food Engineering, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Laboratory of Health Science, Postgraduate Program in Health Science, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros (Unimontes), Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Laura C J Porto
- Federal University of Lavras, Department of Nutrition, Av. Norte UFLA - Aquenta Sol, Lavras, MG, Brazil; Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627 - Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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Xu S, Ma Z, Chen Y, Li J, Jiang H, Qu T, Zhang W, Li C, Liu S. Characterization of the flavor and nutritional value of coconut water vinegar based on metabolomics. Food Chem 2022; 369:130872. [PMID: 34455324 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Tender Coconut water is popular for its deliciousness and nutrition. Mature coconut water, usually discarded as waste in the coconut kernel-based food industry due to its unpleasant flavor, was used as a raw material to make vinegar by liquid-state fermentation. The compounds in fresh coconut water with high odor activity values (OAVs) were isovaleric acid and acetic acid, with pungent sour tastes. The compounds with high OAVs in aged coconut water vinegar were phenylethyl acetate, isoamyl acetate and benzaldehyde, with almond, banana or pear-like aromas. Coconut water vinegar was rich in essential amino acids, especially phenylalanine. Through pathway analysis, seventeen key metabolic pathways and three key metabolic substrates (aspartate, glutamate and pyruvate) were found. According to sensory evaluation, the aged vinegar tastes better. Coconut water vinegar is delicious and nutritious, so reprocessing mature coconut water into vinegar is an appropriate way to reuse waste coconut water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senzheng Xu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Zewei Ma
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Ying Chen
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Haiyan Jiang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Taiqi Qu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Weimin Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Haikou 570228, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Agricultural Products Processing Technology of Haikou City, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Congfa Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Haikou 570228, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Agricultural Products Processing Technology of Haikou City, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Sixin Liu
- School of Science, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Haikou 570228, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Agricultural Products Processing Technology of Haikou City, Haikou 570228, China.
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Fushimura Y, Hoshino A, Furukawa S, Nakagawa T, Hino T, Taminishi S, Minami Y, Urata R, Iwai-Kanai E, Matoba S. Orotic acid protects pancreatic β cell by p53 inactivation in diabetic mouse model. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 585:191-195. [PMID: 34813979 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.10.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Impairment of pancreatic β cells is a principal driver of the development of diabetes. Restoring normal insulin release from the β cells depends on the ATP produced by the intracellular mitochondria. In maintaining mitochondrial function, the tumor suppressor p53 has emerged as a novel regulator of metabolic homeostasis and participates in adaptations to nutritional changes. In this study, we used orotic acid, an intermediate in the pathway for de novo synthesis of the pyrimidine nucleotide, to reduce genotoxicity. Administration of orotic acid reduced p53 activation of MIN6 β cells and subsequently reduced β cell death in the db/db mouse. Orotic acid intake helped to maintain the islet size, number of β cells, and protected insulin secretion in the db/db mouse. In conclusion, orotic acid treatment maintained β cell function and reduced cell death, and may therefore, be a future therapeutic strategy for the prevention and treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Fushimura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hoshino
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | | | - Takashi Nakagawa
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Hino
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Shunta Taminishi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Yoshito Minami
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Ryota Urata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Eri Iwai-Kanai
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan; Faculty of Health Care, Tenri Health Care University, Nara, 632-0018, Japan
| | - Satoaki Matoba
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan.
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Hautbergue T, Antigny F, Boët A, Haddad F, Masson B, Lambert M, Delaporte A, Menager JB, Savale L, Pavec JL, Fadel E, Humbert M, Junot C, Fenaille F, Colsch B, Mercier O. Right Ventricle Remodeling Metabolic Signature in Experimental Pulmonary Hypertension Models of Chronic Hypoxia and Monocrotaline Exposure. Cells 2021; 10:1559. [PMID: 34205639 PMCID: PMC8235667 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Over time and despite optimal medical management of patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH), the right ventricle (RV) function deteriorates from an adaptive to maladaptive phenotype, leading to RV failure (RVF). Although RV function is well recognized as a prognostic factor of PH, no predictive factor of RVF episodes has been elucidated so far. We hypothesized that determining RV metabolic alterations could help to understand the mechanism link to the deterioration of RV function as well as help to identify new biomarkers of RV failure. METHODS In the current study, we aimed to characterize the metabolic reprogramming associated with the RV remodeling phenotype during experimental PH induced by chronic-hypoxia-(CH) exposure or monocrotaline-(MCT) exposure in rats. Three weeks after PH initiation, we hemodynamically characterized PH (echocardiography and RV catheterization), and then we used an untargeted metabolomics approach based on liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry to analyze RV and LV tissues in addition to plasma samples from MCT-PH and CH-PH rat models. RESULTS CH exposure induced adaptive RV phenotype as opposed to MCT exposure which induced maladaptive RV phenotype. We found that predominant alterations of arginine, pyrimidine, purine, and tryptophan metabolic pathways were detected on the heart (LV+RV) and plasma samples regardless of the PH model. Acetylspermidine, putrescine, guanidinoacetate RV biopsy levels, and cytosine, deoxycytidine, deoxyuridine, and plasmatic thymidine levels were correlated to RV function in the CH-PH model. It was less likely correlated in the MCT model. These pathways are well described to regulate cell proliferation, cell hypertrophy, and cardioprotection. These findings open novel research perspectives to find biomarkers for early detection of RV failure in PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaïs Hautbergue
- Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (MTS), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, SPI, MetaboHUB, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (T.H.); (C.J.); (F.F.); (B.C.)
| | - Fabrice Antigny
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (F.A.); (A.B.); (B.M.); (M.L.); (J.-B.M.); (L.S.); (J.L.P.); (E.F.); (M.H.)
- INSERM UMR_S 999 Hypertension Pulmonaire: Physiopathologie et Nouvelles Thérapies, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, 92350 Le Plessis-Robinson, France
| | - Angèle Boët
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (F.A.); (A.B.); (B.M.); (M.L.); (J.-B.M.); (L.S.); (J.L.P.); (E.F.); (M.H.)
- INSERM UMR_S 999 Hypertension Pulmonaire: Physiopathologie et Nouvelles Thérapies, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, 92350 Le Plessis-Robinson, France
- Service de Réanimation des Cardiopathies Congénitales, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Saint Joseph, 92350 Le Plessis-Robinson, France
| | - François Haddad
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford Hospital, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA;
| | - Bastien Masson
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (F.A.); (A.B.); (B.M.); (M.L.); (J.-B.M.); (L.S.); (J.L.P.); (E.F.); (M.H.)
- INSERM UMR_S 999 Hypertension Pulmonaire: Physiopathologie et Nouvelles Thérapies, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, 92350 Le Plessis-Robinson, France
| | - Mélanie Lambert
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (F.A.); (A.B.); (B.M.); (M.L.); (J.-B.M.); (L.S.); (J.L.P.); (E.F.); (M.H.)
- INSERM UMR_S 999 Hypertension Pulmonaire: Physiopathologie et Nouvelles Thérapies, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, 92350 Le Plessis-Robinson, France
| | - Amélie Delaporte
- Service d’Anesthésie, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Saint Joseph, 92350 Le Plessis-Robinson, France;
| | - Jean-Baptiste Menager
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (F.A.); (A.B.); (B.M.); (M.L.); (J.-B.M.); (L.S.); (J.L.P.); (E.F.); (M.H.)
- INSERM UMR_S 999 Hypertension Pulmonaire: Physiopathologie et Nouvelles Thérapies, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, 92350 Le Plessis-Robinson, France
- Service de Chirurgie Thoracique, Vasculaire et Transplantation Cardio-Pulmonaire, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Saint Joseph, 92350 Le Plessis-Robinson, France
| | - Laurent Savale
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (F.A.); (A.B.); (B.M.); (M.L.); (J.-B.M.); (L.S.); (J.L.P.); (E.F.); (M.H.)
- INSERM UMR_S 999 Hypertension Pulmonaire: Physiopathologie et Nouvelles Thérapies, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, 92350 Le Plessis-Robinson, France
- Assistance Publique—Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Service de Pneumologie et Soins Intensifs Respiratoires, Centre de Référence de l’Hypertension Pulmonaire, Hôpital Bicêtre, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Jérôme Le Pavec
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (F.A.); (A.B.); (B.M.); (M.L.); (J.-B.M.); (L.S.); (J.L.P.); (E.F.); (M.H.)
- INSERM UMR_S 999 Hypertension Pulmonaire: Physiopathologie et Nouvelles Thérapies, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, 92350 Le Plessis-Robinson, France
- Service de Chirurgie Thoracique, Vasculaire et Transplantation Cardio-Pulmonaire, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Saint Joseph, 92350 Le Plessis-Robinson, France
| | - Elie Fadel
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (F.A.); (A.B.); (B.M.); (M.L.); (J.-B.M.); (L.S.); (J.L.P.); (E.F.); (M.H.)
- INSERM UMR_S 999 Hypertension Pulmonaire: Physiopathologie et Nouvelles Thérapies, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, 92350 Le Plessis-Robinson, France
- Service de Chirurgie Thoracique, Vasculaire et Transplantation Cardio-Pulmonaire, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Saint Joseph, 92350 Le Plessis-Robinson, France
| | - Marc Humbert
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (F.A.); (A.B.); (B.M.); (M.L.); (J.-B.M.); (L.S.); (J.L.P.); (E.F.); (M.H.)
- INSERM UMR_S 999 Hypertension Pulmonaire: Physiopathologie et Nouvelles Thérapies, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, 92350 Le Plessis-Robinson, France
- Assistance Publique—Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Service de Pneumologie et Soins Intensifs Respiratoires, Centre de Référence de l’Hypertension Pulmonaire, Hôpital Bicêtre, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Christophe Junot
- Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (MTS), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, SPI, MetaboHUB, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (T.H.); (C.J.); (F.F.); (B.C.)
| | - François Fenaille
- Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (MTS), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, SPI, MetaboHUB, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (T.H.); (C.J.); (F.F.); (B.C.)
| | - Benoit Colsch
- Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (MTS), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, SPI, MetaboHUB, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (T.H.); (C.J.); (F.F.); (B.C.)
| | - Olaf Mercier
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (F.A.); (A.B.); (B.M.); (M.L.); (J.-B.M.); (L.S.); (J.L.P.); (E.F.); (M.H.)
- INSERM UMR_S 999 Hypertension Pulmonaire: Physiopathologie et Nouvelles Thérapies, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, 92350 Le Plessis-Robinson, France
- Service de Chirurgie Thoracique, Vasculaire et Transplantation Cardio-Pulmonaire, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Saint Joseph, 92350 Le Plessis-Robinson, France
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Effects of extracellular orotic acid on acute contraction-induced adaptation patterns in C2C12 cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2018; 448:251-263. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-018-3330-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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10
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Metagenomic and metabolomic analyses unveil dysbiosis of gut microbiota in chronic heart failure patients. Sci Rep 2018; 8:635. [PMID: 29330424 PMCID: PMC5766622 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18756-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 233] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies suggested a possible gut microbiota dysbiosis in chronic heart failure (CHF). However, direct evidence was lacking. In this study, we investigated the composition and metabolic patterns of gut microbiota in CHF patients to provide direct evidence and comprehensive understanding of gut microbiota dysbiosis in CHF. We enrolled 53 CHF patients and 41 controls. Metagenomic analyses of faecal samples and metabolomic analyses of faecal and plasma samples were then performed. We found that the composition of gut microbiota in CHF was significantly different from controls. Faecalibacterium prausnitzii decrease and Ruminococcus gnavus increase were the essential characteristics in CHF patients' gut microbiota. We also observed an imbalance of gut microbes involved in the metabolism of protective metabolites such as butyrate and harmful metabolites such as trimethylamine N-oxide in CHF patients. Metabolic features of both faecal and plasma samples from CHF patients also significantly changed. Moreover, alterations in faecal and plasma metabolic patterns correlated with gut microbiota dysbiosis in CHF. Taken together, we found that CHF was associated with distinct gut microbiota dysbiosis and pinpointed the specific core bacteria imbalance in CHF, along with correlations between changes in certain metabolites and gut microbes.
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Bae JC, Lee WY, Yoon KH, Park JY, Son HS, Han KA, Lee KW, Woo JT, Ju YC, Lee WJ, Cho YY, Lee MK. Improvement of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease With Carnitine-Orotate Complex in Type 2 Diabetes (CORONA): A Randomized Controlled Trial. Diabetes Care 2015; 38:1245-52. [PMID: 25877813 DOI: 10.2337/dc14-2852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to evaluate the effects of carnitine-orotate complex in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Eight hospitals in Korea participated in this randomized, controlled, double-blind trial of patients with diabetes and NAFLD. Seventy-eight patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive carnitine-orotate complex (824 mg, three times daily) or matching placebo. The primary study outcome was decline in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) to the normal range. Secondary study outcomes were change in ALT, radiological hepatic steatosis, parameters for anthropometry, liver function, lipid profiles, and glycemic control. Hepatic steatosis was assessed using Hounsfield units on noncontrast computed tomography (CT) imaging with hepatic attenuation. RESULTS After 12 weeks of treatment, compared with placebo group, carnitine-orotate complex-treated participants had a significantly higher rate of normalization of serum ALT level (17.9% vs. 89.7%, P < 0.001). On hepatic CT analysis, participants treated with carnitine-orotate complex showed an increased liver attenuation index (0.74 ± 8.05 vs. 6.21 ± 8.96, P < 0.008). A significant decrease in HbA1c was observed in the carnitine-orotate complex group (-0.33 ± 0.82% [-3.6 ± 9.0 mmol/mol], P = 0.007), but no significant change was seen in the placebo group. CONCLUSIONS Treatment with carnitine-orotate complex improves serum ALT and may improve hepatic steatosis as assessed by CT in patients with diabetes and NAFLD. Further studies using more advanced magnetic resonance imaging and liver histology as an end point are needed to assess its efficacy in NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Cheol Bae
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea
| | - Won Young Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kun Ho Yoon
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joong Yeol Park
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Seoul Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Sik Son
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Ah Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, Eulji General Hospital, Eulji University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kwan Woo Lee
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Jeong Taek Woo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Cheol Ju
- Research and Development Department, Celltrion Pharm, Inc., Seoul, Korea
| | - Won Jae Lee
- Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon Young Cho
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Moon-Kyu Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Orotic Acid, More Than Just an Intermediate of Pyrimidine de novo Synthesis. J Genet Genomics 2015; 42:207-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2015.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Revised: 04/04/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Hong ES, Kim EK, Kang SM, Khang AR, Choi SH, Park KS, Jang HC, Lim S. Effect of carnitine-orotate complex on glucose metabolism and fatty liver: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2014; 29:1449-57. [PMID: 24611967 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.12536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Effective medicines have not been introduced for insulin resistance-related fatty liver. The efficacy and safety of treatment between a combination of metformin and carnitine-orotate complex and metformin alone in a 12-week, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study on drug-naïve patients with impaired glucose metabolism and fatty liver were compared. METHODS Fifty-two patients with fasting glucose 100-240 mg/dL or glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) ≥ 6.0% and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) 40-250 IU/L were randomized to receive metformin (250 mg t.i.d.), or metformin (250 mg t.i.d.) and carnitine-orotate complex (300 mg t.i.d.) for 12 weeks (n = 26 per group). The primary end-point was a change from baseline ALT level. Secondary end-points were changes in fasting glucose, HbA1c, aspartate aminotransferase levels, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number in the peripheral blood, and urinary output of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, a marker of oxidative stress. RESULTS The combined treatment reduced ALT level significantly more than metformin alone (-51.5 ± 33.2 IU/L vs -16.7 ± 31.3 IU/L, P = 0.001). The HbA1c levels also decreased significantly in both groups but there was no significant difference between them (-0.9% ± 1.0% vs -0.7% ± 0.9%). Treatment with the complex decreased the urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine level and increased mtDNA copy number significantly compared with metformin alone (both P < 0.05). No severe adverse events were observed. CONCLUSION A 12-week treatment with metformin and carnitine-orotate complex significantly improved liver function enzyme levels. This was associated with changes in oxidative stress and mtDNA copy number compared with metformin alone in patients with impaired glucose metabolism and fatty liver (clinical trial number: KCT0000193).
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Shil Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
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