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Jin X, Song X. Autophagy Dysfunction: The Kernel of Hair Loss? Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2024; 17:1165-1181. [PMID: 38800357 PMCID: PMC11122274 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s462294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Autophagy is recognized as a crucial regulatory process, instrumental in the removal of senescent, dysfunctional, and damaged cells. Within the autophagic process, lysosomal digestion plays a critical role in the elimination of impaired organelles, thus preserving fundamental cellular metabolic functions and various biological processes. Mitophagy, a targeted autophagic process that specifically focuses on mitochondria, is essential for sustaining cellular health and energy balance. Therefore, a deep comprehension of the operational mechanisms and implications of autophagy and mitophagy is vital for disease prevention and treatment. In this context, we examine the role of autophagy and mitophagy during hair follicle cycles, closely scrutinizing their potential association with hair loss. We also conduct a thorough review of the regulatory mechanisms behind autophagy and mitophagy, highlighting their interaction with hair follicle stem cells and dermal papilla cells. In conclusion, we investigate the potential of manipulating autophagy and mitophagy pathways to develop innovative therapeutic strategies for hair loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Jin
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third People’s Hospital, Affiliated Hangzhou Dermatology Hospital, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiuzu Song
- Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third People’s Hospital, Affiliated Hangzhou Dermatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Shang Q, Bian X, Zhu L, Liu J, Wu M, Lou S. Lactate Mediates High-Intensity Interval Training-Induced Promotion of Hippocampal Mitochondrial Function through the GPR81-ERK1/2 Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2087. [PMID: 38136207 PMCID: PMC10740508 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial biogenesis and fusion are essential for maintaining healthy mitochondria and ATP production. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) can enhance mitochondrial function in mouse hippocampi, but its underlying mechanism is not completely understood. Lactate generated during HIIT may mediate the beneficial effects of HIIT on neuroplasticity by activating the lactate receptor GPR81. Furthermore, growing evidence shows that lactate contributes to mitochondrial function. Given that mitochondrial function is crucial for cerebral physiological processes, the current study aimed to determine the mechanism of HIIT in hippocampal mitochondrial function. In vivo, GPR81 was knocked down in the hippocampi of mice via the injection of adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors. The GPR81-knockdown mice were subjected to HIIT. The results demonstrated that HIIT increased mitochondria numbers, ATP production, and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in the hippocampi of mice. In addition, HIIT induced mitochondrial biogenesis, fusion, synaptic plasticity, and ERK1/2 phosphorylation but not in GPR81-knockdown mice. In vitro, Neuro-2A cells were treated with L-lactate, a GPR81 agonist, and an ERK1/2 inhibitor. The results showed that both L-lactate and the GPR81 agonist increased mitochondrial biogenesis, fusion, ATP levels, OXPHOS, mitochondrial membrane potential, and synaptic plasticity. However, the inhibition of ERK1/2 phosphorylation blunted L-lactate or the GPR81 agonist-induced promotion of mitochondrial function and synaptic plasticity. In conclusion, our findings suggest that lactate mediates HIIT-induced promotion of mitochondrial function through the GPR81-ERK1/2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghui Shang
- Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences, Shanghai University of Sport, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200438, China;
- Key Laboratory of Human Performance, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China; (X.B.); (M.W.)
| | - Xuepeng Bian
- Key Laboratory of Human Performance, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China; (X.B.); (M.W.)
| | - Lutao Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Human Performance, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China; (X.B.); (M.W.)
| | - Jun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Human Performance, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China; (X.B.); (M.W.)
| | - Min Wu
- Key Laboratory of Human Performance, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China; (X.B.); (M.W.)
| | - Shujie Lou
- Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences, Shanghai University of Sport, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200438, China;
- Key Laboratory of Human Performance, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China; (X.B.); (M.W.)
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3
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Yamada A, Watanabe K, Nishi Y, Oshiro M, Katakura Y, Sakai K, Tashiro Y. Scalp bacterial species influence SIRT1 and TERT expression in keratinocytes. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2023; 87:1364-1372. [PMID: 37673677 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbad122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Scalp bacteria on the human scalp and scalp hair comprise distinct community structures for sites and individuals. To evaluate their effect on human keratinocyte cellular activity, including that of the hair follicular keratinocytes, the expression of several longevity genes was examined using HaCaT cells. A screening system that uses enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) fluorescence was established to identify scalp bacteria that enhance silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog-1 (SIRT1) promoter activity in transformed HaCaT cells (SIRT1p-EGFP). The results of quantitative polymerase chain reaction revealed that several predominant scalp bacteria enhanced (Cutibacterium acnes and Pseudomonas lini) and repressed (Staphylococcus epidermidis) the expressions of SIRT1 and telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) genes in HaCaT cells. These results suggest that the predominant scalp bacteria are related to the health of the scalp and hair, including repair of the damaged scalp and hair growth, by regulating gene expression in keratinocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azusa Yamada
- Laboratory of Soil and Environmental Microbiology, Division of Systems Bioengineering, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kota Watanabe
- Laboratory of Fermentation Microbiology, Department of Fermentation Science, Faculty of Applied Biosciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuri Nishi
- Laboratory of Soil and Environmental Microbiology, Division of Systems Bioengineering, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mugihito Oshiro
- Laboratory of Soil and Environmental Microbiology, Division of Systems Bioengineering, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Katakura
- Laboratory of Cellular Regulation Technology, Division of Systems Bioengineering, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresources and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Japan
| | - Kenji Sakai
- Laboratory of Soil and Environmental Microbiology, Division of Systems Bioengineering, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Laboratory of Microbial Environmental Protection, Tropical Microbiology Unit, Center for International Education and Research of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Tashiro
- Laboratory of Soil and Environmental Microbiology, Division of Systems Bioengineering, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Laboratory of Microbial Environmental Protection, Tropical Microbiology Unit, Center for International Education and Research of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Demir B, Cicek D, Orhan C, Er B, Erten F, Tuzcu M, Ozercan IH, Sahin N, Komorowski J, Ojalvo SP, Sylla S, Sahin K. Effects of a Combination of Arginine Silicate Inositol Complex and a Novel Form of Biotin on Hair and Nail Growth in a Rodent Model. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:751-765. [PMID: 35226275 PMCID: PMC8883010 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03176-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a combination of inositol-stabilized arginine silicate complex (ASI) and magnesium biotinate (MgB) on hair and nail growth in an animal model. Twenty-eight female Sprague-Dawley rats (8 weeks old) were randomized into one of the following groups: (i) group (control), shaved; (ii) group (ASI), shaved + ASI (4.14 mg/rat/day); (iii) group (ASI + MgB I), shaved + ASI (4.14 mg/rat/day) + MgB (48.7 μg/rat/day); and (iv) group (ASI + MgB II), shaved + ASI (4.14 mg/rat/day) + MgB (325 μg/rat/day). On day 42, compared with the control group, while hair density (p < 0.05, p < 0.01, and p < 0.0001, respectively) and anagen ratio (p < 0.01, p < 0.01, and p < 0.001) increased in the ASI, ASI + MgB I, and ASI + MgB II groups, telogen ratio decreased (p < 0.01, p < 0.01, and p < 0.001, respectively). In the molecular analysis, VEGF, HGF, and KGF-2 increased in the ASI (p < 0.01, p < 0.01, and p < 0.05, respectively), ASI + MgB I (p < 0.0001 for all), and ASI + MgB II (p < 0.0001 for all) groups when compared to the control group. FGF-2 (p < 0.01) and IGF-1 (p < 0.001) were found to be increased in the ASI + MgB I and ASI + MgB II groups. SIRT-1 and β-catenin increased in the ASI (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01), ASI + MgB I (p < 0.001 for both), and ASI + MgB II (p < 0.0001 for both) groups. Wnt-1 increased in the ASI + MgB I (p < 0.001) and ASI + MgB II (p < 0.0001) groups. In conclusion, the combination of ASI and MgB could promote hair growth by regulating IGF-1, FGF, KGF, HGF, VEGF, SIRT-1, Wnt, and β-catenin signal pathways. It was also established that ASI did not affect nail growth, whereas the MgB combination was effective using a higher dose of biotin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betul Demir
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Demet Cicek
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Cemal Orhan
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Besir Er
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Fusun Erten
- Department of Veterinary Science, Pertek Sakine Genc Vocational School, Munzur University, Tunceli, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Tuzcu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | | | - Nurhan Sahin
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - James Komorowski
- Research and Development, JDS Therapeutics, LLC, Harrison, NY 10577 USA
| | - Sara Perez Ojalvo
- Research and Development, JDS Therapeutics, LLC, Harrison, NY 10577 USA
| | - Sarah Sylla
- Research and Development, JDS Therapeutics, LLC, Harrison, NY 10577 USA
| | - Kazim Sahin
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
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5
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Wang X, Liu Y, He J, Wang J, Chen X, Yang R. Regulation of signaling pathways in hair follicle stem cells. BURNS & TRAUMA 2022; 10:tkac022. [PMID: 35795256 PMCID: PMC9250793 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkac022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) reside in the bulge region of the outer root sheath of the hair follicle. They are considered slow-cycling cells that are endowed with multilineage differentiation potential and superior proliferative capacity. The normal morphology and periodic growth of HFSCs play a significant role in normal skin functions, wound repair and skin regeneration. The HFSCs involved in these pathophysiological processes are regulated by a series of cell signal transduction pathways, such as lymphoid enhancer factor/T-cell factor, Wnt/β-catenin, transforming growth factor-β/bone morphogenetic protein, Notch and Hedgehog. The mechanisms of the interactions among these signaling pathways and their regulatory effects on HFSCs have been previously studied, but many mechanisms are still unclear. This article reviews the regulation of hair follicles, HFSCs and related signaling pathways, with the aims of summarizing previous research results, revealing the regulatory mechanisms of HFSC proliferation and differentiation and providing important references and new ideas for treating clinical diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jia He
- Department of Burn Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Jingru Wang
- Department of Burn Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Correspondence. Xiaodong Chen, E-mail: ; Ronghua Yang,
| | - Ronghua Yang
- Correspondence. Xiaodong Chen, E-mail: ; Ronghua Yang,
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Pacifici F, Della-Morte D, Capuani B, Coppola A, Scioli MG, Donadel G, Andreadi A, Ciccosanti F, Fimia GM, Bellia A, Orlandi A, Lauro D. Peroxiredoxin 6 Modulates Insulin Secretion and Beta Cell Death via a Mitochondrial Dynamic Network. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:842575. [PMID: 35370943 PMCID: PMC8971298 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.842575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In pancreatic beta cells, mitochondrial metabolism controls glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) by ATP production, redox signaling, and calcium (Ca2+) handling. Previously, we demonstrated that knockout mice for peroxiredoxin 6 (Prdx6-/- ), an antioxidant enzyme with both peroxidase and phospholipase A2 activity, develop a mild form of diabetes mellitus with a reduction in GSIS and in peripheral insulin sensitivity. However, whether the defect of GSIS present in these mice is directly modulated by Prdx6 is unknown. Therefore, the main goal of the present study was to evaluate if depletion of Prdx6 affects directly GSIS and pancreatic beta β-cell function. Murine pancreatic β-cell line (βTC6) knockdown for Prdx6 (Prdx6KD) was employed, and insulin secretion, ATP, and intracellular Ca2+ content were assessed in response to glucose stimulation. Mitochondrial morphology and function were also evaluated through electron microscopy, and by testing mitochondrial membrane potential, oxygen consumption, and mitochondrial mass. Prdx6KD cells showed a significant reduction in GSIS as confirmed by decrease in both ATP release and Ca2+ influx. GSIS alteration was also demonstrated by a marked impairment of mitochondrial morphology and function. These latest are mainly linked to mitofusin downregulation, which are, in turn, strictly related to mitochondrial homeostasis (by regulating autophagy) and cell fate (by modulating apoptosis). Following a pro-inflammatory stimulus (typical of diabetic subjects), and in agreement with the deregulation of mitofusin steady-state levels, we also observed an enhancement in apoptotic death in Prdx6KD compared to control cells. We analyzed molecular mechanisms leading to apoptosis, and we further demonstrated that Prdx6 suppression activates both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways, ultimately leading to caspase 3 and PARP-1 activation. In conclusion, Prdx6 is the first antioxidant enzyme, in pancreatic β-cells, that by controlling mitochondrial homeostasis plays a pivotal role in GSIS modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Pacifici
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - David Della-Morte
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele University, Rome, Italy
- Department of Neurology and Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Barbara Capuani
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Coppola
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Giovanna Scioli
- Anatomic Pathology, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Donadel
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Aikaterini Andreadi
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabiola Ciccosanti
- Department of Epidemiology, Preclinical Research and Advanced Diagnostics, National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Gian Maria Fimia
- Department of Epidemiology, Preclinical Research and Advanced Diagnostics, National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alfonso Bellia
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Augusto Orlandi
- Anatomic Pathology, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Davide Lauro
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Davide Lauro,
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Zhang X, Jiang Y, Mao J, Ren X, Ji Y, Mao Y, Chen Y, Sun X, Pan Y, Ma J, Huang S. Hydroxytyrosol prevents periodontitis-induced bone loss by regulating mitochondrial function and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling of bone cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 176:298-311. [PMID: 34610362 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction promotes the alveolar bone loss during the development of periodontitis. Mitochondria are the principal source of ROS. Hydroxytyrosol (HT), a natural phenolic compound present in olive oil, is well known for its antioxidant and mitochondrial-protective prosperities. Nonetheless, the impact of HT on periodontitis and its related mechanisms underlying bone cell behavior remains unknown. Osteoclasts differentiated from RAW264.7 model and oxidative stress (OS) induced pre-osteoblast MC3T3-E1 cell injury model were treated with and without HT. Cell viability, apoptosis, differentiation, mitochondrial function along with mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway were investigated. Meanwhile, the effect and related mechanisms of HT on bone loss in mice with periodontitis were also detected. HT inhibited osteoclast differentiation and prevented OS induced pre-osteoblast cells injury via regulating mitochondrial function as well as ERK and JNK signaling pathways. Moreover, HT attenuated the alveolar bone loss, increased bone forming activity, inhibited the osteoclasts differentiation and decreased the level of OS in mice with periodontitis. Our findings, for the first time, revealed a novel function of HT in bone remodeling of periodontitis, and highlighted its therapeutical potential for the prevention/treatment of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorong Zhang
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Department of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yun Jiang
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiajie Mao
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xuekun Ren
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Department of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yinghui Ji
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yixin Mao
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Sun
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Department of Periodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yihuai Pan
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Department of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Jianfeng Ma
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Shengbin Huang
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
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Lima DFPDA, da Cruz VAR, Pereira GL, Curi RA, Costa RB, de Camargo GMF. Genomic Regions Associated with the Position and Number of Hair Whorls in Horses. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11102925. [PMID: 34679946 PMCID: PMC8532986 DOI: 10.3390/ani11102925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Whorls have been used to indicate the temperaments of domestic animals; however, little is known about the biological events that drive this association. The present study is the first that aims to find the main genomic regions that influence the whorl traits in livestock, with horses as a model. Genes related to hair follicle growth were found. Interestingly, some of these genes also influence psychiatric diseases and neurological disorders, thus evidencing a consistent biological explanation for the association. Abstract The position and number of hair whorls have been associated with the behavior, temperament, and laterality of horses. The easy observation of whorls assists in the prediction of reactivity, and thus permits the development of better measures of handling, training, mounting, and riding horses. However, little is known about the genetics involved in the formation of hair whorls. Therefore, the aim of this study was to perform a genome-wide association analysis to identify chromosome regions and candidate genes associated with hair whorl traits. Data from 342 Quarter Horses genotyped for approximately 53,000 SNPs were used in an association study using a single-step procedure. The following traits were analyzed: vertical position of hair whorl on the head, number of whorls on the head, and number of whorls on the left and right sides of the neck. The traits had between one and three genomic windows associated. Each of them explained at least 4% of the additive variance. The windows accounted for 20–80% of additive variance for each trait analyzed. Many of the prospected genes are related to hair follicle growth. Some of these genes exert a pleiotropic effect on neurological and behavioral traits. This is the first indication of biological and physiological activity that might explain the association of hair whorls and temperament.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Felipe Pereira de Assis Lima
- Escola de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador 40170-110, BA, Brazil; (D.F.P.d.A.L.); (V.A.R.d.C.); (R.B.C.)
| | - Valdecy Aparecida Rocha da Cruz
- Escola de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador 40170-110, BA, Brazil; (D.F.P.d.A.L.); (V.A.R.d.C.); (R.B.C.)
| | - Guilherme Luís Pereira
- Departamento de Melhoramento e Nutrição Animal, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Botucatu 18618-681, SP, Brazil; (G.L.P.); (R.A.C.)
| | - Rogério Abdallah Curi
- Departamento de Melhoramento e Nutrição Animal, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Botucatu 18618-681, SP, Brazil; (G.L.P.); (R.A.C.)
| | - Raphael Bermal Costa
- Escola de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador 40170-110, BA, Brazil; (D.F.P.d.A.L.); (V.A.R.d.C.); (R.B.C.)
| | - Gregório Miguel Ferreira de Camargo
- Escola de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador 40170-110, BA, Brazil; (D.F.P.d.A.L.); (V.A.R.d.C.); (R.B.C.)
- Correspondence:
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9
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Hu XM, Li ZX, Zhang DY, Yang YC, Fu SA, Zhang ZQ, Yang RH, Xiong K. A systematic summary of survival and death signalling during the life of hair follicle stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:453. [PMID: 34380571 PMCID: PMC8359037 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02527-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) are among the most widely available resources and most frequently approved model systems used for studying adult stem cells. HFSCs are particularly useful because of their self-renewal and differentiation properties. Additionally, the cyclic growth of hair follicles is driven by HFSCs. There are high expectations for the use of HFSCs as favourable systems for studying the molecular mechanisms that contribute to HFSC identification and can be applied to hair loss therapy, such as the activation or regeneration of hair follicles, and to the generation of hair using a tissue-engineering strategy. A variety of molecules are involved in the networks that critically regulate the fate of HFSCs, such as factors in hair follicle growth and development (in the Wnt pathway, Sonic hedgehog pathway, Notch pathway, and BMP pathway), and that suppress apoptotic cues (the apoptosis pathway). Here, we review the life cycle, biomarkers and functions of HFSCs, concluding with a summary of the signalling pathways involved in HFSC fate for promoting better understanding of the pathophysiological changes in the HFSC niche. Importantly, we highlight the potential mechanisms underlying the therapeutic targets involved in pathways associated with the treatment of hair loss and other disorders of skin and hair, including alopecia, skin cancer, skin inflammation, and skin wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Min Hu
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Morphological Sciences Building, 172 Tongzi Po Road, Changsha, 410013, China.,Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Zhi-Xin Li
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Morphological Sciences Building, 172 Tongzi Po Road, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Dan-Yi Zhang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Morphological Sciences Building, 172 Tongzi Po Road, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Yi-Chao Yang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Morphological Sciences Building, 172 Tongzi Po Road, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Shen-Ao Fu
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Morphological Sciences Building, 172 Tongzi Po Road, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Zai-Qiu Zhang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Morphological Sciences Building, 172 Tongzi Po Road, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Rong-Hua Yang
- Department of Burn Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, #81, Lingnan North Road, Foshan, 528000, China.
| | - Kun Xiong
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Morphological Sciences Building, 172 Tongzi Po Road, Changsha, 410013, China. .,Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, 410008, China.
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10
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Xu H, Ma G, Mu F, Ning B, Li H, Wang N. STAT3 Partly Inhibits Cell Proliferation via Direct Negative Regulation of FST Gene Expression. Front Genet 2021; 12:678667. [PMID: 34239543 PMCID: PMC8259742 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.678667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Follistatin (FST) is a secretory glycoprotein and belongs to the TGF-β superfamily. Previously, we found that two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of sheep FST gene were significantly associated with wool quality traits in Chinese Merino sheep (Junken type), indicating that FST is involved in the regulation of hair follicle development and hair trait formation. The transcription regulation of human and mouse FST genes has been widely investigated, and many transcription factors have been identified to regulate FST gene. However, to date, the transcriptional regulation of sheep FST is largely unknown. In the present study, genome walking was used to close the genomic gap upstream of the sheep genomic FST gene and to obtain the FST gene promoter sequence. Transcription factor binding site analysis showed sheep FST promoter region contained a conserved putative binding site for signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), located at nucleotides -423 to -416 relative to the first nucleotide (A, +1) of the initiation codon (ATG) of sheep FST gene. The dual-luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that STAT3 inhibited the FST promoter activity and that the mutation of the putative STAT3 binding site attenuated the inhibitory effect of STAT3 on the FST promoter activity. Additionally, chromatin immunoprecipitation assay (ChIP) exhibited that STAT3 is directly bound to the FST promoter. Cell proliferation assay displayed that FST and STAT3 played opposite roles in cell proliferation. Overexpression of sheep FST significantly promoted the proliferation of sheep fetal fibroblasts (SFFs) and human keratinocyte (HaCaT) cells, and overexpression of sheep STAT3 displayed opposite results, which was accompanied by a significantly reduced expression of FST gene (P < 0.05). Taken together, STAT3 directly negatively regulates sheep FST gene and depresses cell proliferation. Our findings may contribute to understanding molecular mechanisms that underlie hair follicle development and morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidong Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Guangwei Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, China
| | - Fang Mu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Bolin Ning
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Hui Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Ning Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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11
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Lin G, Yin G, Ye J, Pan X, Zhu J, Lin B. RNA sequence analysis of dermal papilla cells' regeneration in 3D culture. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:13421-13430. [PMID: 33038058 PMCID: PMC7701577 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well known that dermal papilla cells (DPCs) are crucial for hair follicle growth and regeneration. However, dermal papilla cells in 2D culture could lose their ability of regeneration after several passage intervals. As opposed to DPCs in 2D culture, the DPCs in 3D culture could passage extensively. However, the molecular mechanisms of DPCs’ regeneration in 3D culture remain unclear. Accordingly, gene sequencing is recommended for the investigation of hair regeneration between 2D and 3D culture, the three groups were established including DPCs in passage 2 in 2D culture, DPCs in passage 8 in 2D culture and DPCs in passage 8 in 3D culture. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using the Venn diagram of these three groups, which included 1642 known and 359 novel genes, respectively. A total of 1642 known genes were used for Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Gene, Genomic Encyclopedia (KEGG) pathway enrichment and protein‐protein interaction (PPI) analyses, respectively. The functions and pathways of DEGs were enriched in biological regulation, signal transduction and immune system, etc. The key module and the top 10 hub genes (IL1B, CXCL12, HGF, EGFR, APP, CCL2, PTGS2, MMP9, NGF and SPP1) were also identified using the Cytoscape application. Furthermore, the qRT‐PCR results of the three groups validated that the hub genes were crucial for hair growth. In conclusion, the ten identified hub genes and related pathways in the current study can be used to understand the molecular mechanism of hair growth, and those provided a possibility for hair regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanyu Lin
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Guoqian Yin
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jun Ye
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Department of Emergency Surgery, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Xinyuan Pan
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Jiangying Zhu
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Bojie Lin
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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12
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Wang Y, Bian Y, Zhou L, Feng B, Weng X, Liang R. Biological evaluation of bone substitute. Clin Chim Acta 2020; 510:544-555. [PMID: 32798511 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Critical-sized defects (CSDs) caused by trauma, tumor resection, or skeletal abnormalities create a high demand for bone repair materials (BRMs). Over the years, scientists have been trying to develop BRMs and evaluate their efficacy using numerous developed methods. BRMs are characterized by osteogenesis and angiogenesis promoting properties, the latter of which has rarely been studied in vitro and in vivo. While blood vessels are required to provide nutrients. Bone mass maintains a dynamic balance under the joint action of osteolytic and osteogenic activity in which monocytes differentiate into osteolytic cells, and osteoprogenitor cells differentiate into osteogenic cells. This review would be helpful for inexperienced researchers as well as present a comprehensive overview of methods used to investigate the effect of BRMs on osteogenic cells, osteolytic cells, and blood vessels, as well as their biocompatibility and biological performance. This review is expected to facilitate further research and development of new BRMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yanyan Bian
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Lizhi Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Bin Feng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China.
| | - Xisheng Weng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China.
| | - Ruizheng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
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13
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Lv X, Chen W, Sun W, Hussain Z, Wang S, Wang J. Analysis of lncRNAs Expression Profiles in Hair Follicle of Hu Sheep Lambskin. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10061035. [PMID: 32549352 PMCID: PMC7341247 DOI: 10.3390/ani10061035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Lambskin of the Hu sheep exhibits high economic value due to its water-wave pattern. Wool curvature is the key factor of the pattern types and quality of lambskin, and it is formed by the interaction between dermal papilla cells and hair matrix cells in the hair follicle, which is regulated by various genes and signaling pathways. Herein, three full-sibling pairs of two-day-old healthy lambs (n = 6) were divided into a straight wool group (ST) and small waves group (SM) with three repetitions. RNA-seq was applied to determine the expression profile of mRNAs and lncRNAs in Hu sheep hair follicles. 25 differentially expressed mRNAs and 75 differentially expressed lncRNAs were found between SM and ST. FGF12, ATP1B4, and TCONS_00279168 were probably associated with hair follicle development. Then, Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG enrichment analysis were implemented for the functional annotation of target genes of differentially expressed lncRNAs. The results showed that many genes, such as FGF12 and ATP1B4, were found enriched in PI3K-Akt signaling, MAPK signaling, and Ras signaling pathway associated with hair follicle growth and development. In addition, the interaction network of differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs showed that a total of 6 differentially expressed lncRNAs were associated with 12 differentially expressed mRNAs, which may be as candidate mRNAs and lncRNAs. TCONS_00279168 may target ATP1B4 and FGF12 to regulate MAPK, PI3K-Akt, Ras signaling pathways involved in the sheep hair follicle development process. These results will provide the basis for exploring hair follicle development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyang Lv
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.L.); (W.C.); (Z.H.); (S.W.)
| | - Weihao Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.L.); (W.C.); (Z.H.); (S.W.)
| | - Wei Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.L.); (W.C.); (Z.H.); (S.W.)
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Correspondence: (W.S.); (J.W.); Tel.: +86-0514-87979213 (W.S.)
| | - Zahid Hussain
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.L.); (W.C.); (Z.H.); (S.W.)
| | - Shanhe Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.L.); (W.C.); (Z.H.); (S.W.)
| | - Jinyu Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.L.); (W.C.); (Z.H.); (S.W.)
- Correspondence: (W.S.); (J.W.); Tel.: +86-0514-87979213 (W.S.)
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14
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Su R, Gong G, Zhang L, Yan X, Wang F, Zhang L, Qiao X, Li X, Li J. Screening the key genes of hair follicle growth cycle in Inner Mongolian Cashmere goat based on RNA sequencing. Arch Anim Breed 2020; 63:155-164. [PMID: 32490151 PMCID: PMC7256851 DOI: 10.5194/aab-63-155-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Inner Mongolian Cashmere goat is an excellent local breed
selected for the dual-purpose of cashmere and meat. There are three lines of Inner
Mongolian Cashmere goat: Erlangshan, Alashan and Aerbasi. Cashmere is a kind
of precious textile raw material with a high price. Cashmere is derived from
secondary hair follicle (SHF), while hair is derived from primary hair
follicle (PHF). The growth cycle of SHF of cashmere goat is 1 year, and it
can be divided into three different stages: anagen, catagen and telogen. In
this study, we tried to find some important influence factors of SHF growth
cycle in skin tissue from Inner Mongolian Cashmere goats by RNA sequencing
(RNA-Seq). Three female Aerbasi Inner Mongolian Cashmere goats (2 years old)
were used as experimental samples in this study. Skin samples were collected
in September (anagen), December (catagen) and March (telogen) at dorsal side
from cashmere goats. Results showed that over 511 396 044 raw reads and
487 729 890 clean reads were obtained from sequence data. In total, 51
different expression genes (DEGs) including 29 downregulated genes and 22 upregulated genes were enriched in anagen–catagen comparing group. The 443 DEGs
contained 117 downregulated genes and 326 upregulated genes that were enriched
in catagen–telogen comparing group. In telogen–anagen comparing group, 779
DEGs were enriched including 582 downregulated genes and 197 upregulated
genes. The result of gene ontology (GO) annotation showed that DEGs are in
different growth cycle periods, and enriched GO items are mostly related to the
transformation of cell and protein. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
(KEGG) enrichment result indicated that metabolic process has a great impact on
SHF growth cycle. Based on the results of a comprehensive analysis of
differentially expressed genes, GO enrichment and KEGG enrichment, we found
that FGF5, FGFR1 and RRAS had an effect on the hair follicle growth cycle. The results of
this study may provide a theoretical basis for further research on the
growth and development of SHF in Inner Mongolian Cashmere goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Su
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 010018, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 010018, China.,Key Laboratory of Mutton Sheep Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hohhot, 010018, China.,Engineering Research Center for Goat Genetics and Breeding, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 010018, China
| | - Gao Gong
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 010018, China
| | - Lingtian Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 010018, China
| | - Xiaochun Yan
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 010018, China
| | - Fenghong Wang
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 010018, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 010018, China
| | - Xian Qiao
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 010018, China
| | - Xiaokai Li
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 010018, China
| | - Jinquan Li
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 010018, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 010018, China.,Key Laboratory of Mutton Sheep Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hohhot, 010018, China.,Engineering Research Center for Goat Genetics and Breeding, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 010018, China
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15
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Zhang J, Wang L, Xie W, Hu S, Zhou H, Zhu P, Zhu H. Melatonin attenuates ER stress and mitochondrial damage in septic cardiomyopathy: A new mechanism involving BAP31 upregulation and MAPK-ERK pathway. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:2847-2856. [PMID: 31535369 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Septic cardiomyopathy is associated with mitochondrial damage and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) dysfunction. However, the upstream mediator of mitochondrial injury and ER stress has not been identified and thus little drug is available to treat septic cardiomyopathy. Here, we explored the role of B-cell receptor-associated protein 31 (BAP31) in septic cardiomyopathy and figure out whether melatonin could attenuate sepsis-mediated myocardial depression via modulating BAP31. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to establish the septic cardiomyopathy model. Pathway analysis was performed via western blot, quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescence. Mitochondrial function and ER stress were detected via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, western blot, and immunofluorescence. After exposure to LPS, cardiac function was reduced due to excessive inflammation response and extensive cardiomyocyte death. Mechanistically, melatonin treatment could dose-dependently improve cardiomyocyte viability via preserving mitochondrial function and reducing ER stress. Further, we found that BAP31 transcription was repressed by LPS whereas melatonin could restore BAP31 expression; this effect was dependent on the MAPK-ERK pathway. Inhibition of the ERK pathway and/or knockdown of BAP31 could attenuate the beneficial effects of melatonin on mitochondrial function and ER homeostasis under LPS stress. Altogether, our results indicate that ERK-BAP31 pathway could be used as a critical mediator for mitochondrial function and ER homeostasis in sepsis-related myocardial injury. Melatonin could stabilize BAP31 via the ERK pathway and thus contribute to the preservation of cardiac function in septic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiabing Zhang
- Graduate School of Medical School of Chinese PLA Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Leili Wang
- Center of Project Management, Department of Aerospace Systems, Strategic Support Force, China
| | - Wei Xie
- Graduate School of Medical School of Chinese PLA Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shunying Hu
- Graduate School of Medical School of Chinese PLA Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- Graduate School of Medical School of Chinese PLA Hospital, Beijing, China.,Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, Wyoming University, Laramie, Wyoming
| | - Pingjun Zhu
- Graduate School of Medical School of Chinese PLA Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hang Zhu
- Graduate School of Medical School of Chinese PLA Hospital, Beijing, China
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16
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Hou S, Wang L, Zhang G. Mitofusin-2 regulates inflammation-mediated mouse neuroblastoma N2a cells dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum stress via the Yap-Hippo pathway. J Physiol Sci 2019; 69:697-709. [PMID: 31134519 PMCID: PMC10717024 DOI: 10.1007/s12576-019-00685-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is involved in inflammation-induced neurotoxicity. Mitofusin 2 (Mfn2), a member of the GTPase family of proteins, resides in the ER membrane and is known to regulate ER stress. However, the potential role and underlying mechanism of Mfn2 in inflammation-induced neuronal dysfunction is unknown. In our study, we explored the potential of Mfn2 to attenuate inflammation-mediated neuronal dysfunction by inhibiting ER stress. Our data show that Mfn2 overexpression significantly ameliorated tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα)-induced ER stress, as indicated by the downregulation of the ER stress proteins PERK, GRP78 and CHOP. Mfn2 overexpression also prevented the TNFα-mediated activation of caspase-3, caspase-12 and cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Cellular antioxidant dysfunction and reactive oxygen species overproduction were also improved by Mfn2 in the setting of TNFα in mouse neuroblastoma N2a cells in vitro. Similarly, disordered calcium homeostasis, indicated by disturbed levels of calcium-related proteins and calcium overloading, was corrected by Mfn2, as evidenced by the increased expression of store-operated calcium entry (SERCA), decreased levels of inositol trisphosphate receptor (IP3R), and normalized calcium content in TNFα-treated N2a cells. Mfn2 overexpression was found to elevate Yes-associated protein (Yap) expression; knockdown of Yap abolished the regulatory effects of Mfn2 on ER stress, oxidative stress, calcium balance, neural death and inflammatory injury. These results lead us to conclude that re-activation of the Mfn2-Yap signaling pathway alleviates TNFα-induced ER stress and dysfunction of mouse neuroblastoma N2a cells. Our findings provide a better understanding of the regulatory role of Mfn2-Yap-ER stress in neuroinflammation and indicate that the Mfn2-Yap axis may be a focus of research in terms of having therapeutic value for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Hou
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No 10 Tieyi Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Wang
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No 10 Tieyi Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Guoping Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No 10 Tieyi Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China.
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17
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Cai B, Wang X, Liu H, Ma S, Zhang K, Zhang Y, Li Q, Wang J, Yao M, Guan F, Yin G. Up-regulated lncRNA5322 elevates MAPK1 to enhance proliferation of hair follicle stem cells as a ceRNA of microRNA-19b-3p. Cell Cycle 2019; 18:1588-1600. [PMID: 31203719 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2019.1624111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs), located in the bulge region of the follicle, maintain hair follicle growth and cycling. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), non-protein coding transcripts, are widely known to play critical roles in differentiation and proliferation of stem cells. Therefore, the current study aimed to explore the regulatory roles of lncRNA5322 in HFSCs proliferation and the underlying regulatory mechanisms. Initially, the expression patterns of lncRNA5322 and microRNA-19b-3p (miR-19b-3p) in HFSCs were detected. Subsequently, gain-and loss-of-functions analyses were conducted to explore the roles of lncRNA5322, miR-19b-3p and mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1) in cell proliferation, colony formation and apoptosis of HFSCs, with the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)1 and CDK2 examined. Also, the interaction relationships among lncRNA5322, miR-19b-3p and MAPK1 were explored. Furthermore, a mouse model was established to detect the roles of lncRNA5322, miR-19b-3p, and MAPK1 in wound contraction and epidermal regeneration. Over-expressed lncRNA5322 was found to promote proliferation, colony formation ability but inhibit apoptosis of HFSCs, in addition to up-regulation of the expression of CDK1 and CDK2. LncRNA5322 was found to act as a ceRNA of miR-19b-3p which directly targeted MAPK1. Furthermore, up-regulation of lncRNA5322 enhanced wound contraction and epidermal regeneration in vivo by increasing the expression of MAPK1 through functioning as a ceRNA of miR-19b-3p. In summary, the results in this study suggested that lncRNA5322 serves as a ceRNA of miR-19b-3p to elevate the expression of MAPK1, ultimately promoting HFSCs proliferation, wound contraction and epidermal regeneration of mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingjie Cai
- a The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , P.R. China
| | - Xinxin Wang
- a The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , P.R. China
| | - Hongtao Liu
- b School of Life Sciences , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , P.R. China
| | - Shanshan Ma
- b School of Life Sciences , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , P.R. China
| | - Kun Zhang
- b School of Life Sciences , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , P.R. China
| | - Yanting Zhang
- b School of Life Sciences , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , P.R. China
| | - Qinghua Li
- b School of Life Sciences , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , P.R. China
| | - Junmin Wang
- c College of Basic Medical Sciences , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , P.R. China
| | - Minghao Yao
- b School of Life Sciences , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , P.R. China
| | - Fangxia Guan
- b School of Life Sciences , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , P.R. China
| | - Guangwen Yin
- a The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , P.R. China
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18
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Chen JX, Xu X, Zhang S. Silence of long noncoding RNA NEAT1 exerts suppressive effects on immunity during sepsis by promoting microRNA-125-dependent MCEMP1 downregulation. IUBMB Life 2019; 71:956-968. [PMID: 30883005 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating studies have recognized microRNAs (miRs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) as important molecules involved in the mediation of various biological processes, including innate immunity. In this study, we investigated a novel noncoding RNA regulatory circuitry in the immunity during sepsis. A cecal ligation and puncture-induced sepsis mouse model was established to determine the expression of mast cell expression membrane protein 1 (MCEMP1). The RNA crosstalk among lncRNA nuclear enriched abundant transcript 1 (NEAT1), miR-125, and MCEMP1 was validated. Subsequently, the levels of lncRNA NEAT1, miR-125, and MCEMP1 in T lymphocytes isolated from sepsis mice were up- or downregulated by exogenous transfection in an attempt to investigate their effects on the release of inflammatory factors, the expression of immunoglobulins, the activity of T cell subsets and natural killer (NK) cells, as well as T lymphocyte apoptosis. In sepsis mice, MCEMP1 was highly expressed and verified to be a target gene of miR-125. RNA crosstalk experiment revealed that lncRNA NEAT1 directly inhibited miR-125 to upregulate MCEMP1. We also observed that elevation of miR-125, depletion of MCEMP1, or downregulation of lncRNA NEAT1 resulted in promoted T lymphocyte activity, immunoglobulin expression, and NK cell activity, and inhibited release of inflammatory factors and T lymphocyte apoptosis. Taken together, these findings provided evidence that the downregulation of lncRNA NEAT1 could promote miR-125 to exert an inhibitory effect on the immunity in septic mice by suppressing MCEMP1, highlighting a potential target for the treatment of sepsis. © 2019 IUBMB Life, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Xin Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China.,First Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiong Xu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Sen Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
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