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Schuab JM, de Paula MS, Ocaris ERY, Milagres MR, Motta DG, da Costa MB. First record of microplastic in the Brazilian sea hare Aplysia brasiliana Rang, 1828 (Mollusca: Aplysiidae). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 895:165156. [PMID: 37385493 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
The presence of plastic debris in the marine environment has reached massive levels in the past decades. In marine environments, microplastics can exist for hundreds of years and the presence of microplastics in this environment has been reported since 1970 and since then has been considered ubiquitous. Mollusks are being used as microplastic pollution indicators, especially in coastal areas and bivalves are more often used in microplastic-monitoring studies. On the other hand, gastropods are poorly used as indicators for microplastic pollution, even though they are the most diverse group of mollusks. The sea hares of the genus Aplysia are herbivorous gastropods, important model organisms commonly used in neuroscience studies, isolating the compounds in their defensive ink. Until today, there is no previous record of the presence of MPs in Aplysia gastropods. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the presence of microplastics in tissues of A. brasiliana found in southeastern Brazil. We collected seven individuals of A. brasiliana from a beach in southeastern Brazil, dissected them to isolate the digestive tract and the gills, and digested the tissues with a solution of 10 % NaOH. In the end, 1021 microplastic particles were found, 940 in the digestive tissue, and 81 in the gills. These results represent the first record of the presence of microplastics in the Brazilian sea hare A. brasiliana.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Marcos Schuab
- Federal University of Espírito Santo, Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Microplastic Analysis, Brazil.
| | - Midiã Silva de Paula
- Federal University of Espírito Santo, Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Microplastic Analysis, Brazil
| | - Enrique Ronald Yapuchura Ocaris
- Universidad Tecnológica del Perú, Peru; Laboratory of Carbon and Ceramic Materials, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Mateus Reis Milagres
- Federal University of Espírito Santo, Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Microplastic Analysis, Brazil
| | - Daniel Gosser Motta
- Federal University of Espírito Santo, Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Microplastic Analysis, Brazil
| | - Mercia Barcellos da Costa
- Federal University of Espírito Santo, Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Microplastic Analysis, Brazil
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Fernandez MA. Populations Collapses in Marine Invertebrates Due to Endocrine Disruption: A Cause for Concern? Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:721. [PMID: 31736872 PMCID: PMC6828821 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In the beginning of the twenty first century, the International Program on Chemical Safety published a document entitled Global Assessment of the State-Of-The-Science of Endocrine Disruptors. The work indicated only weak evidence of endocrine-related effects in human populations, and in wild animal populations. This document was revised in 2012 (State of the Science of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals-2012) (1). The new document and the extensive scientific evidence it provided showed clearly that ED effects could be a risk to human and wildlife health. These works, however, were focused in human health and related animal models, mainly vertebrates and particularly mammals. It can be argued that invertebrates and many other taxa are important parts of all ecosystems, and, in many instances, have been shown to be also vulnerable to endocrine disruption. Thus, this work is aimed to show some observations on important marine invertebrate taxa, from an ecological point of view. The most important example of endocrine disruption in marine wild populations is the imposex response of marine gastropods, known for more than 40 years, and worldwide used to evaluate marine antifouling pollution. Among the mollusks, other important natural resources are bivalve species, used as human food sources and cephalopods, free-living, highly specialized mollusks, and also human food sources. Effects derived from endocrine disruptors in these species indicate that consumption could bring these compounds to human populations in an almost direct way, sometimes without any form of cooking or preparation. While discussing these questions, this work is also aimed to stimulate research on endocrine disruption among the invertebrate taxa that inhabited our oceans, and on which these effects are poorly known today.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Antonio Fernandez
- Marine Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Chemical Oceanography Department, Faculty of Oceanography, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Meyer S, Hirsch JM, Leiggener CS, Zeilhofer HF, Thieringer FM. A simple, effective, universal, and reusable osteotomy tool for jaw reconstructions with microvascular fibula transplants. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2019; 73:98-102. [PMID: 31711860 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2019.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Precise, expensive individual saw guides are used with increasing frequency for the reconstruction of mandibular defects with fibular grafts. In this report, an alternative is presented - the Multiuse Cutting Jig (MUC-Jig, proprietary development). It is reusable, suitable for all patients, requires simple planning based on conventional CT imaging, and is more economical. METHODS To investigate its precision, we conducted a nonblinded experimental study, with ten participating craniomaxillofacial surgeons. Osteotomies of four different fibula segments were carried out at the same angulation, with groups defined according to the proximal and distal fixed angulation: 45°, 30°, 15°, or 0°. The sagittal cut was performed proximally, with the coronal cut performed distally. The resulting 40 segments (n = 40) were analyzed with their Tx length (primary endpoint) and osteotomy angles, and compared to the original planning. RESULTS The mean (SD) relative deviation of all grafts from the original planning was -0.08 mm (1.12) in length and -0.71° (3.15) for the angle. Only 45° (-2.04 ± 3.71°) and 30° (-1.07 ± 2.52°) cuts differed significantly (p < 0.05) from smaller angle grafts. The mean (SD) absolute deviation was 0.81 mm (0.27) in length and 2.13° (0.93) in graft angles. For individual transplants, 45° cuts (1.28 ± 1.03 mm) differed significantly (p < 0.005) from others. We observed no differences in relative length or absolute angle deviation. CONCLUSIONS The MUC-Jig is precise and cost-effective for osteotomies with medium angles and smooth reconstructions of template-guided procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Meyer
- Clinic for Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Spitalstrasse 21, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jan-Michaél Hirsch
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Uppsala University Hospital, Sjukhusvägen, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Christoph S Leiggener
- Clinic for Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Kantonsspital Aarau, Tellstrasse 25, 5001 Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Hans-Florian Zeilhofer
- Clinic for Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Spitalstrasse 21, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Florian M Thieringer
- Clinic for Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Spitalstrasse 21, 4031 Basel, Switzerland.
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da Costa MB, Zamprogno GC, Otegui MBP, de Morais L, Pedruzzi FC, Dalbem GB, da Silva DA, Resende ACB. A temporal and spatial monitoring of organotin pollution in a harborside region of Brazil by imposex and ecological quality ratio using Leucozonia nassa. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2017; 189:650. [PMID: 29177683 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-017-6367-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study represents the first use of Leucozonia nassa (Mollusca-Gastropoda) in a program of long-term monitoring. Specimens of L. nassa were collected between 2006 and 2014 and analyzed for the occurrence of imposex in two areas in Southeastern Brazil, one control area and another characterized by the presence of many ports and marinas. Imposex was evaluated in nine sites based on the percentage of females exhibiting imposex (I%), relative penis length index and vas deferens sequence index, classical indices to evaluate tributyltin (TBT) impacts. Moreover, this study uses for the first time in a tropical environment the ecological quality ratio (EQR), an approach to verify the imposex levels as an indicator of the impact by organotin compounds according to the EU Water Framework Directive. The results confirm the occurrence of high levels of imposex in L. nassa with all the indices evaluated. Furthermore, the results also indicate that, despite the international ban, antifouling paints based on TBT are still possibly used in Brazil. In addition, this study shows that L. nassa has the characteristics that make it a suitable bioindicator to monitor TBT pollution, and that the use of the EQR may create important data regarding this problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercia Barcellos da Costa
- Biological Sciences Department, Center for Human and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514, Vitória, Espírito Santo, 29075-910, Brazil.
| | - Gabriela Carvalho Zamprogno
- Biological Sciences Department, Center for Human and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514, Vitória, Espírito Santo, 29075-910, Brazil
| | - Mariana Beatriz Paz Otegui
- Biological Sciences Department, Center for Human and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514, Vitória, Espírito Santo, 29075-910, Brazil
| | - Letícia de Morais
- Biological Sciences Department, Center for Human and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514, Vitória, Espírito Santo, 29075-910, Brazil
| | - Felipe Corteletti Pedruzzi
- Biological Sciences Department, Center for Human and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514, Vitória, Espírito Santo, 29075-910, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Bautz Dalbem
- Biological Sciences Department, Center for Human and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514, Vitória, Espírito Santo, 29075-910, Brazil
| | - Daniele Angeli da Silva
- Biological Sciences Department, Center for Human and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514, Vitória, Espírito Santo, 29075-910, Brazil
| | - Allana Cristini Borges Resende
- Biological Sciences Department, Center for Human and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514, Vitória, Espírito Santo, 29075-910, Brazil
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Assessing the Continuous Impact of Tributyltin from Antifouling Paints in a Brazilian Mangrove Area Using Intersex in Littoraria angulifera (Lamarck, 1822) as Biomarker. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1155/2013/769415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Intersex is a sensitive biomarker of TBT exposure and effects in littorinid gastropods and described for the mangrove periwinkle Littoraria angulifera for the first time in this study. The objective was to describe the occurrence of intersex in L. angulifera, to propose the species as a sentinel organism to assess TBT contamination, and to characterize the contamination in mangroves. The study was carried out in 2009 by sampling at 20 stations near harbors and marinas and at a reference station on the coast of Espírito Santo Estate, Brazil. At the reference station, no intersex specimens were found, while at 20 sampling stations 51% of the females exhibited different degrees of intersex development, including the occurrence of functionally sterilized females. The highest incidence of intersex and greatest intersex intensities was found in areas close to marinas and shipyards indicating that vessel-related activities are still the main source of TBT contamination. L. angulifera collected from stations in areas with well-preserved mangroves was larger than specimens collected from other areas. These differences are attributed to environmental quality and not to occurrence of intersex. The results indicate that this region is still affected by TBT contamination and that L. angulifera has the required sensitivity to be used as a bioindicator.
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Toste R, Pessoa IA, Dore MP, Parahyba MA, Fernandez MA. Is aphallic vas deferens development in females related to the distance from organotin sources? A study with Stramonita haemastoma. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2013; 91:162-170. [PMID: 23485038 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2013.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2012] [Revised: 01/29/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Imposex, a syndrome characterized by the appearance of a penis and/or vas deferens in female gastropods due the presence of organotins in environment, is still observed in Brazilian gastropod populations, as in other countries, even after the tributyltin (TBT) ban. Nevertheless, the progressive controls on the use of organotins in antifouling systems at national and international levels and the consequent reduction of their environmental concentrations have led to changes in the characteristics of imposex development observed in Stramonita haemastoma. Populations of this species were analyzed on the coast of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) between 2007 and 2008, and the developmental pathways associated with the syndrome were identified. Compared with previous works, it was noted that imposex expression was reduced in most of Guanabara Bay. Aphallic imposex development, on the other hand, showed a marked increase. The pathways of imposex development were also evaluated in a temporal data series from a fixed sampling station at Vermelha beach, and the incidence of aphallic imposex development was found to show a marked increase from 1998 onward. Furthermore, the observation of either the presence or absence of a penis in imposex-affected females may indicate that penis development is related to the contaminant exposure level and that the decreasing TBT concentrations in the local environment result in the predominance of an aphallic route of imposex development. These findings support the idea that imposex female aphally in this species could be a dose-dependent response, rather than a genetic anomaly.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Toste
- Programa de Ecotoxicologia Marinha, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, São Francisco Xavier St. 524, 4018E, 20550-013 Maracanã, RJ, Brazil.
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de Azevedo D, de Almeida Rocha-Barreira C, Matthews-Cascon H, Castro ÍB. Pugilina morio L., a new imposex exhibitor from South American estuarine environments: approach for a non-lethal method to evaluate imposex. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2012; 89:786-792. [PMID: 22878864 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-012-0779-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2012] [Accepted: 08/03/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This is the first report on imposex occurrence in Pugilina morio. Imposex levels in P. morio from Ceará River Estuary were assessed by a non-lethal method. The obtained imposex parameters were: percentage = 37.1 %, female penis length index (FPLI) = 0.93 mm, relative penis length index (RPLI) = 6.5 %, and vas deferens sequence index (VDSI) = 1.0. Because imposex is induced by tributyltin, and P. morio is widely distributed on the East coast of South America, the species can be used as a tributyltin contamination sentinel in these estuaries. Additionally, a non-lethal method of evaluating imposex minimized the impact on the population of P. morio from sample collection, as all organisms were returned to the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deyse de Azevedo
- Laboratório de Zoobentos do Instituto de Ciências do Mar, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Av. da Abolição, 3207, Bairro Meireles, 60165-081 Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
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Santos DM, Araújo IP, Machado EC, Carvalho-Filho MAS, Fernandez MA, Marchi MRR, Godoi AFL. Organotin compounds in the Paranaguá Estuarine Complex, Paraná, Brazil: evaluation of biological effects, surface sediment, and suspended particulate matter. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2009; 58:1926-1931. [PMID: 19850304 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2009.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2009] [Revised: 09/01/2009] [Accepted: 09/04/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dayana M Santos
- Center for Marine Studies, Federal University of Paraná, P.O. Box 50.002, Pontal do Paraná, Brazil
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Rodríguez JG, Borja A, Franco J, García Alonso JI, Garmendia JM, Muxika I, Sariego C, Valencia V. Imposex and butyltin body burden in Nassarius nitidus (Jeffreys, 1867), in coastal waters within the Basque Country (northern Spain). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2009; 407:4333-4339. [PMID: 19410275 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2008] [Revised: 03/31/2009] [Accepted: 04/01/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Levels of imposex (superimposition of male characters, upon females) and the presence of sterile females are assessed in the gastropod Nassarius nitidus (Jeffreys, 1867), at 22 locations in the Basque Country (northern Spain). At 18 of these localities, butyltin bioaccumulation (tributyltin (TBT); dibutyltin; monobutyltin) was analysed using isotope dilution and GC-ICP-MS. Higher imposex levels and TBT body burden were found in confined harbours, with a large vessel traffic or the presence of a fishing fleet or a shipyard. For the first time, four apparently sequential types of aborted capsules are described in this species. Another novelty is the interspecific comparison between imposex intensities in sympatrically living populations of N. nitidus and N. reticulatus. This showed that sensitivity to TBT pollution of both species is relatively similar (in terms of Relative Penis Length Index). Since N. nitidus has a restricted habitat distribution due to its low presence in wave-exposed habitats, its complementary use with other species is recommended for its use in TBT monitoring programmes.
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