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Basyuni M, Puspita M, Rahmania R, Albasri H, Pratama I, Purbani D, Aznawi A, Mubaraq A, Al Mustaniroh SS, Menne F, Rahmila YI, Salmo III SG, Susilowati A, Larekeng SH, Ardli E, Kajita T. Current biodiversity status, distribution, and prospects of seaweed in Indonesia: A systematic review. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31073. [PMID: 38779002 PMCID: PMC11109829 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Seaweeds are a valuable component of marine biodiversity that play multiple essential roles in Indonesia's coastal ecology and economy. This systematic review (1993-2023) aimed to provide an updated overview of seaweed distribution, biodiversity, cultivation, and industry in Indonesia. The literature search derived from major databases, Scopus, Web of Science (WoS) and ResearchGate (RG), and Google Scholar (GS) retrieved 794 studies, after removing 80 duplicates, identified 646 studies passed title and abstract screening that satisfied all criteria: Indonesia, seaweed, seaweed biodiversity and composition, which consisted of 80 exclusion studies. Full text screening decided 194 studies were selected based on the specific inclusion criteria (at least two criteria passed: seaweed distribution site, species, cultivation, and habitat). After additional filtering, 137 studies were included for extraction and analysis. We found that Indonesia is rich in seaweed biodiversity, with at least 325 identified species consisting of 103 Chlorophyceae (green algae), 167 Rhodophyceae (red algae), and 55 Phaeophyceae (brown algae), respectively. Seaweed distribution and abundance in Indonesia are influenced by environmental factors, including nutrients, grazing, competition, physical tolerance, light intensity, and degree of water circulation. Seaweed species are predominantly found in mangrove forests and coral reefs on the islands of Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan, and Sulawesi. This review provides an up-to-date and comprehensive overview of the distribution and biodiversity of seaweeds in Indonesia, highlighting the ecological, economic, and cultivation of marine resources. In addition, we identify knowledge gaps and areas for further research, which can inform sustainable seaweed management and utilization in Indonesia. This review also emphasizes the significance of this marine resource to Indonesia's environment and economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Basyuni
- Center of Excellence for Mangrove, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, 20155, Indonesia
- Department of Forestry, Faculty of Forestry, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, 20155, Indonesia
| | - Maya Puspita
- Asosiasi Rumput Laut Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Rinny Rahmania
- Research Center for Ecology and Ethnobiology, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong, 16911, Indonesia
| | - Hatim Albasri
- Research Center for Fisheries, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong, 16911, Indonesia
| | - Indra Pratama
- Research Center for Fisheries, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong, 16911, Indonesia
| | - Dini Purbani
- Research Center for Conservation of Marine Resources and Inland Waters, Cibinong, 16911, Indonesia
| | - A.A. Aznawi
- Center of Excellence for Mangrove, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, 20155, Indonesia
| | - Alfian Mubaraq
- Center of Excellence for Mangrove, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, 20155, Indonesia
| | | | - Firman Menne
- Department of Accounting, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Bosowa, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Yulizar Ihrami Rahmila
- Research Center for Ecology and Ethnobiology, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong, 16911, Indonesia
| | - Severino G. Salmo III
- Institute of Biology, College of Science, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Arida Susilowati
- Center of Excellence for Mangrove, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, 20155, Indonesia
- Department of Forestry, Faculty of Forestry, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, 20155, Indonesia
| | - Siti H. Larekeng
- Biodiversity Research Group, Faculty of Forestry, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, 90245, 23, Indonesia
| | - Erwin Ardli
- Faculty of Biology, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Purwokerto Utara, Banyumas, 53122, Central Java, Indonesia
| | - Tadashi Kajita
- Iriomote Station, Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of the Ryukyus, Taketomi, Okinawa, 907-1541, Japan
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Lomartire S, Gonçalves AMM. Algal Phycocolloids: Bioactivities and Pharmaceutical Applications. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:384. [PMID: 37504914 PMCID: PMC10381318 DOI: 10.3390/md21070384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Seaweeds are abundant sources of diverse bioactive compounds with various properties and mechanisms of action. These compounds offer protective effects, high nutritional value, and numerous health benefits. Seaweeds are versatile natural sources of metabolites applicable in the production of healthy food, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and fertilizers. Their biological compounds make them promising sources for biotechnological applications. In nature, hydrocolloids are substances which form a gel in the presence of water. They are employed as gelling agents in food, coatings and dressings in pharmaceuticals, stabilizers in biotechnology, and ingredients in cosmetics. Seaweed hydrocolloids are identified in carrageenan, alginate, and agar. Carrageenan has gained significant attention in pharmaceutical formulations and exhibits diverse pharmaceutical properties. Incorporating carrageenan and natural polymers such as chitosan, starch, cellulose, chitin, and alginate. It holds promise for creating biodegradable materials with biomedical applications. Alginate, a natural polysaccharide, is highly valued for wound dressings due to its unique characteristics, including low toxicity, biodegradability, hydrogel formation, prevention of bacterial infections, and maintenance of a moist environment. Agar is widely used in the biomedical field. This review focuses on analysing the therapeutic applications of carrageenan, alginate, and agar based on research highlighting their potential in developing innovative drug delivery systems using seaweed phycocolloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Lomartire
- University of Coimbra, MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET-Aquatic Research Network, Department of Life Sciences, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana M M Gonçalves
- University of Coimbra, MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET-Aquatic Research Network, Department of Life Sciences, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Kwan V, Fong J, Ng CSL, Huang D. Temporal and spatial dynamics of tropical macroalgal contributions to blue carbon. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 828:154369. [PMID: 35259389 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Blue carbon ecosystems are a vital part of nature-based climate solutions due to their capacity to store and sequester carbon, but often exclude macroalgal beds even though they can form highly productive coastal ecosystems. Recent estimates of macroalgal contributions to global carbon sequestration are derived primarily from temperate kelp forests, while tropical macroalgal carbon stock in living biomass is still unclear. Here, using Singapore as a case study, we integrate field surveys and remote sensing data to estimate living macroalgal carbon stock. Results show that macroalgae in Singapore account for up to 650 Mg C biomass stock, which is greater than the aboveground carbon found in seagrass meadows but lower than that in mangrove forests. Ulva and Sargassum dominate macroalgal assemblages and biomass along the coast, with both genera exhibiting distinct spatio-temporal variation. The annual range of macroalgal biomass carbon is estimated to be 450 Mg C yr-1, or 0.77 Mg C ha-1 yr-1. Noting the uncertainties of the fate of macroalgal biomass carbon, we estimate the potential sequestration rate and find that it is comparable to mature terrestrial ecosystems such as tropical grasslands and temperate forests. This study demonstrates that macroalgal seasonality allows for a consistent amount of biomass carbon to either be exported and eventually sequestered, or harvested for utilization on an annual basis. These findings on macroalgal growth patterns and their considerable contributions to tropical coastal carbon pool add to the growing support for macroalgae to be formally included in blue carbon assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Kwan
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117558, Singapore; Centre for Nature-based Climate Solutions, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117558, Singapore.
| | - Jenny Fong
- Tropical Marine Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119227, Singapore
| | - Chin Soon Lionel Ng
- Tropical Marine Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119227, Singapore
| | - Danwei Huang
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117558, Singapore; Centre for Nature-based Climate Solutions, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117558, Singapore; Tropical Marine Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119227, Singapore.
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Chen J, Li X, Wang K, Zhang S, Li J, Zhang J, Gao W. Variable Optimization of Seaweed Spectral Response Characteristics and Species Identification in Gouqi Island. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:4656. [PMID: 35808153 PMCID: PMC9269413 DOI: 10.3390/s22134656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Probing the coverage and biomass of seaweed is necessary for achieving the sustainable utilization of nearshore seaweed resources. Remote sensing can realize dynamic monitoring on a large scale and the spectral characteristics of objects are the basis of remote sensing applications. In this paper, we measured the spectral data of six dominant seaweed species in different dry and wet conditions from the intertidal zone of Gouqi Island: Ulva pertusa, Sargassum thunbergii, Chondrus ocellatus, Chondria crassiaulis Harv., Grateloupia filicina C. Ag., and Sargassum fusifarme. The different seaweed spectra were identified and analyzed using a combination of one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), support vector machines (SVM), and a fusion model comprising extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) and SVM. In total, 14 common spectral variables were used as input variables, and the input variables were filtered by one-way ANOVA. The samples were divided into a training set (266 samples) and a test set (116 samples) at a ratio of 3:1 for input into the SVM and fusion model. The results showed that when the input variables were the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), ratio vegetation index (RVI), Vre, Abe, Rg, Lre, Lg, and Lr and the model parameters were g = 1.30 and c = 2.85, the maximum discrimination rate of the six different wet and dry states of seaweed was 74.99%, and the highest accuracy was 93.94% when distinguishing between the different seaweed phyla (g = 6.85 and c = 2.55). The classification of the fusion model also shows similar results: The overall accuracy is 73.98%, and the mean score of the different seaweed phyla is 97.211%. In this study, the spectral data of intertidal seaweed with different dry and wet states were classified to provide technical support for the monitoring of coastal zones via remote sensing and seaweed resource statistics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqu Chen
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (J.C.); (X.L.); (S.Z.); (J.Z.); (W.G.)
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Ranching, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Xunmeng Li
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (J.C.); (X.L.); (S.Z.); (J.Z.); (W.G.)
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Ranching, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Kai Wang
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (J.C.); (X.L.); (S.Z.); (J.Z.); (W.G.)
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Ranching, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Shouyu Zhang
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (J.C.); (X.L.); (S.Z.); (J.Z.); (W.G.)
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Ranching, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Jun Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Monitoring and Restoration Technologies, MNR, East China Sea Environmental Monitoring Center, Shanghai 201206, China;
| | - Jian Zhang
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (J.C.); (X.L.); (S.Z.); (J.Z.); (W.G.)
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Ranching, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Weicheng Gao
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (J.C.); (X.L.); (S.Z.); (J.Z.); (W.G.)
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Ranching, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
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An Overview of the Alternative Use of Seaweeds to Produce Safe and Sustainable Bio-Packaging. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12063123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In modern times, seaweeds have become widely involved in several biotechnological applications due to the variety of their constituent bioactive compounds. The consumption of seaweeds dates to ancient times; however, only from the last few decades of research can we explain the mechanisms of action and the potential of seaweed-derived bioactive compounds, which has led to their involvement in food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and nutraceutical industries. Macroalgae-derived bioactive compounds are of great importance as their properties enable them to be ideal candidates for the production of sustainable “green” packaging. Diverse studies demonstrate that seaweed polysaccharides (e.g., alginates and carrageenans) not only provide health benefits, but also contribute to the production of biopolymeric film and biodegradable packaging. The dispersion of plastics and microplastics in the oceans provoke serious environmental issues that influence ecosystems and aquatic organisms. Thus, the sustainable use of seaweed-derived biopolymers is now crucial to replace plasticizers with biodegradable materials, and thus preserve the environment. The present review aims to provide an overview on the potential of seaweeds in the production of bioplastics which might be involved in food or pharmaceutical packaging.
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Lomartire S, Gonçalves AMM. An Overview of Potential Seaweed-Derived Bioactive Compounds for Pharmaceutical Applications. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20020141. [PMID: 35200670 PMCID: PMC8875101 DOI: 10.3390/md20020141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, seaweeds are widely involved in biotechnological applications. Due to the variety of bioactive compounds in their composition, species of phylum Ochrophyta, class Phaeophyceae, phylum Rhodophyta and Chlorophyta are valuable for the food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries. Seaweeds have been consumed as whole food since ancient times and used to treat several diseases, even though the mechanisms of action were unknown. During the last decades, research has demonstrated that those unique compounds express beneficial properties for human health. Each compound has peculiar properties (e.g., antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiviral activities, etc.) that can be exploited to enhance human health. Seaweed’s extracted polysaccharides are already involved in the pharmaceutical industry, with the aim of replacing synthetic compounds with components of natural origin. This review aims at a better understanding of the recent uses of algae in drug development, with the scope of replacing synthetic compounds and the multiple biotechnological applications that make up seaweed’s potential in industrial companies. Further research is needed to better understand the mechanisms of action of seaweed’s compounds and to embrace the use of seaweeds in pharmaceutical companies and other applications, with the final scope being to produce sustainable and healthier products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Lomartire
- University of Coimbra, MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Ana M. M. Gonçalves
- University of Coimbra, MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Department of Biology, CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-239-240-700 (ext. 262-286)
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Zhang S, Pei R, Li M, Su H, Sun H, Ding Y, Su M, Huang C, Chen X, Du Z, Jin C, Zang Y, Li J, Xu Y, Chen X, Zhang B, Ding K. Cocktail polysaccharides isolated from Ecklonia kurome against the SARS-CoV-2 infection. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 275:118779. [PMID: 34742404 PMCID: PMC8520169 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Previous researches suggested that polysaccharides from brown algae had anti-virus activity. We hypothesized that nature polysaccharide from marine plants might have the effect on anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity. By high throughput screening to target 3CLpro enzyme using polysaccharides library, we discover a crude polysaccharide 375 from seaweed Ecklonia kurome blocked 3CLpro enzymatic activity and shows good anti-SARS-CoV-2 infection activity in cell. Further, we show that homogeneous polysaccharide 37502 from the 375 may bind to 3CLpro well and disturb spike protein binding to ACE2 receptor. The structure characterization uncovers that 37502 is alginate. These results imply that the bioactivities of 375 on SARS-CoV-2 may target multiple key molecules implicated in the virus infection and replication. The above results suggest that 375 may be a potential drug candidate against SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihai Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing 210023, PR China; Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, PR China
| | - Rongjuan Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Meixia Li
- Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, PR China; National Center for Drug Screening, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Haixia Su
- National Center for Drug Screening, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Hao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Yaqi Ding
- Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, PR China; National Center for Drug Screening, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Minbo Su
- National Center for Drug Screening, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Chunfan Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, PR China; Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, PR China
| | - Xia Chen
- Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, PR China; National Center for Drug Screening, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Zhenyun Du
- Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, PR China; National Center for Drug Screening, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Can Jin
- Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, PR China; National Center for Drug Screening, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Yi Zang
- National Center for Drug Screening, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Jia Li
- National Center for Drug Screening, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Yechun Xu
- National Center for Drug Screening, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China.
| | - Xinwen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, PR China.
| | - Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, PR China.
| | - Kan Ding
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing 210023, PR China; College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, PR China; Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China.
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Evaluation and Characterization of Alginate Extracted from Brown Seaweed Collected in the Red Sea. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11146290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Alginates are one of the most important compounds of brown seaweeds. These compounds are employed in the food area, because of their important rheological properties, such as viscosity, gelling, and stabilizing features and as dietary fiber source. In this study, five species of dominant brown seaweeds were collected in the Red Sea (Padina boergesenii, Turbinaria triquetra, Hormophysa cuneiformis, Dictyota ciliolata, and Sargassum aquifolium) so as to characterize the alginate yield and its properties. The analysis demonstrated differences in the alginate yield among the seaweeds. The highest yield of alginate was recorded in the species T. triquetra (22.2 ± 0.56% DW), while the lowest content was observed in H. cuneiformis (13.3 ± 0.52% DW). The viscosity from the alginates varied greatly between the species, whereas the pH varied slightly. The alginate exhibited a moisture content between 6.4 and 13.1%, the ash content ranged between 12.3 and 20% DW, the protein reached values from 0.57 to 1.47% DW, and the lipid concentration varied from 0.3 to 3.5% DW. Thus, the phytochemical analysis demonstrated that the extracted alginates can be safely applied in the food industry. Furthermore, the alginate yield reveals the potential application of these seaweeds as a nutraceutical raw source, which can be exploited by the food industry.
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Benslima A, Sellimi S, Hamdi M, Nasri R, Jridi M, Cot D, Li S, Nasri M, Zouari N. The brown seaweed Cystoseira schiffneri as a source of sodium alginate: Chemical and structural characterization, and antioxidant activities. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2020.100873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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