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Omelchenko AN, Okotrub KA, Surovtsev NV. Raman spectroscopy of yeast cells cultured on a deuterated substrate. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2023; 303:123262. [PMID: 37607454 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Raman spectroscopy of cells cultured in a deuterated substrate is a promising approach to the characterization of mass transfer and enzymatic reactions in living cells. Here, we studied the potential of this approach using the example of yeast cells cultured under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. In our experiments, unadapted to D2O Saccharomyces cerevisiae were cultured in a medium with different concentrations of deuterium oxide and deuterated glucose. It has been shown that the addition of even 10% heavy water leads to a general decrease in the amount of lipids in cells. In the Raman spectra of cells cultured at high concentrations of D2O, additional peaks are found, which are associated with the deuteration of entire chemical groups. We observed a similar effect in the ethanol synthesized by yeast fermentation, the deuteration of which also depends on the concentration of D2O. The results on the characterization of cell deuteration turned out to be in qualitative agreement with the known estimate that aerobic metabolism is 15 times more active than ethanol fermentation. The results of our work determine new limitations and prospects for further application and development of the Raman method of spectroscopy of deuterium tags.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia N Omelchenko
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia; Institute of Automation and Electrometry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Konstantin A Okotrub
- Institute of Automation and Electrometry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
| | - Nikolay V Surovtsev
- Institute of Automation and Electrometry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
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2
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Ye Q, Meng X, Pang L. D 2O assisted FTIR spectroscopic analysis of moisture in edible oil. Food Chem X 2023; 18:100679. [PMID: 37179978 PMCID: PMC10172893 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
D2O-assisted moisture analysis of edible oils was investigated. The acetonitrile extract of the oil samples was split into two parts. The spectrum of one part was taken as is, another was recorded after addition of excess D2O. Changes in spectral absorption of the H-O-H bending band (1600-1660 cm-1) was used to calculate moisture in oil samples. To effectively depleting absorption of water in the acetonitrile extract, a 30-fold excess of D2O is required. The typical OH-containing constituents in oil did not show significant interference on the H/D exchange. Validation experiments by using five oils with five levels of moisture spiked (50-1000 μg/g) suggested that the prediction tracked the spiked amounts well. The results of variance analysis indicate that there is no difference in terms of analytical methods and oil types used (p < 0.001). The D2O method developed is generally applicable to the accurate analysis of moisture at trace levels (<100 μg/g) in edible oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Ye
- College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Xianghe Meng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Deqing 313200, China
- Corresponding author at: College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, No. 999, Changhong East Street, Deqing County, Deqing 313200, China.
| | - Linjiang Pang
- College of Food and Health, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
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Blue MNM, Tinsley GM, Hirsch KR, Ryan ED, Ng BK, Smith-Ryan AE. Validity of total body water measured by multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance devices in a multi-ethnic sample. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2023; 54:187-193. [PMID: 36963862 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Total body water (TBW) is the largest component of fat free mass and therefore is commonly used in multi-compartment body composition models and as a stand-alone method to assess body composition. Previous literature has not validated bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy device estimates of TBW in racial and ethnic minority populations; previous studies have focused on bioelectrical impedance analysis devices that rely on proprietary algorithms and participant characteristics for accuracy. The purpose of this study was to assess the validity of two bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy devices for measures of TBW compared to a deuterium dilution criterion in a multi-ethnic sample. METHODS 109 individuals (55% female, Age: 26.6 ± 6.9 yrs, BMI: 25.3 ± 4.0 kg/m2) identifying as Asian, African American/Black, Caucasian/White, Hispanic, and Multi-racial were enrolled. After a 12 h fast, participants provided a saliva sample for the criterion baseline TBW measure and completed two bioelectrical impedance device (BIS, IB) measurements of TBW. Participants then ingested deuterium oxide (D2O). After an equilibration period, participants provided a second saliva sample for analysis of TBW. RESULTS For the total multi-ethnic sample, BIS estimates demonstrated good to fairly good agreement (Total error [TE] = 2.56 L, R2 = 0.951) and IB estimates were excellent to very good (TE = 1.95 L, R2 = 0.975). Validity results did not vary meaningfully between race and ethnicity. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest the BIS and IB devices evaluated can produce valid TBW estimates compared to D2O in a multi-ethnic sample. TBW estimates from the IB may have better agreement with D2O compared to the BIS when using the default settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malia N M Blue
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
| | - Grant M Tinsley
- Department of Kinesiology & Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - Katie R Hirsch
- Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Eric D Ryan
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Bennett K Ng
- Emerging Growth and Incubation Group, Intel Corporation, Santa Clara, CA, USA
| | - Abbie E Smith-Ryan
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA; Department of Nutrition, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
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Bila WC, Romano MCC, Dos Santos LL, da Silva VR, Capanema FD, Pfrimer K, Ferriolli E, Alves NMC, Campos CG, Carlos FM, Dos Santos MESM, Lamounier JA. Body fat, cardiovascular risk factors and polymorphism in the FTO gene: randomized clinical trial and different physical exercise for adolescents. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2023; 99:139-146. [PMID: 36030815 PMCID: PMC10031311 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2022.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of different physical exercise programs and polymorphisms of the FTO (fat mass and obesity-associated gene) on body composition and cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents with overweight and obesity. METHODS A randomized, parallel, double-blind clinical trial consisting of the adolescent overweight from the state public network, in a simple representative random sample, who participated in an aerobic exercise or weight training intervention for 10 weeks. Anthropometry, body composition, biochemical markers, sexual maturation, and rs9939609 polymorphism in the FTO gene were assessed. 347 adolescents had their characterization of nutritional status. 72 individuals with overweight and obesity were invited to participate. 39 remained for the start of the program and were randomly allocated to both types of intervention. In the end, 26 subjects participated in the intervention programs, with 12 and 14 in the aerobic and weight training programs, respectively. RESULTS Heterozygous and homozygous bearers of risk allele A participating in the aerobic program showed improvements in glycemia (p = 0.002) and total cholesterol (p = 0.023) and a reduction in body fat mass (p = 0.041). The weight training program reduced glycemia in patients with the risk allele A (p = 0.027). Cameron's stage four sexual maturation participants were 2.1 times more likely to improve their body fat (CI = 1.31-3.39). CONCLUSION Aerobic exercises produced exclusively a significant decrease in fat mass and total cholesterol in patients with risk allele A. Distinct physical exercise programs may cause diverse changes in risk variables related to the health of adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendell C Bila
- Universidade Federal de São João del Rei, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Divinópolis, MG, Brazil.
| | - Márcia C C Romano
- Universidade Federal de São João del Rei, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
| | - Luciana L Dos Santos
- Universidade Federal de São João del Rei, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
| | - Valmin R da Silva
- Faculdade de Ciências da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Vitória, Programa de Mestrado em Políticas Públicas e Desenvolvimento Local, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Flávio D Capanema
- Fundação Hospitalar do Estado de Minas Gerais, Centro de Inovação Tecnológica e Proteção do Conhecimento, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Karina Pfrimer
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Ferriolli
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Natália M C Alves
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Cezenário G Campos
- Universidade Federal de São João del Rei, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
| | - Fabiângelo M Carlos
- Universidade Federal de São João del Rei, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
| | - Maria E S M Dos Santos
- Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Departamento de Bioquímica, Farmacologia e Fisiologia/ICBN, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | - Joel A Lamounier
- Universidade Federal de São João del Rei, Departamento de Medicina, São João del Rei, MG, Brazil
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Kim J, Seo S, Kim TY. Metabolic deuterium oxide (D 2O) labeling in quantitative omics studies: A tutorial review. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1242:340722. [PMID: 36657897 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry (MS) is an invaluable tool for sensitive detection and characterization of individual biomolecules in omics studies. MS combined with stable isotope labeling enables the accurate and precise determination of quantitative changes occurring in biological samples. Metabolic isotope labeling, wherein isotopes are introduced into biomolecules through biosynthetic metabolism, is one of the main labeling strategies. Among the precursors employed in metabolic isotope labeling, deuterium oxide (D2O) is cost-effective and easy to implement in any biological systems. This tutorial review aims to explain the basic principle of D2O labeling and its applications in omics research. D2O labeling incorporates D into stable C-H bonds in various biomolecules, including nucleotides, proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates. Typically, D2O labeling is performed at low enrichment of 1%-10% D2O, which causes subtle changes in the isotopic distribution of a biomolecule, instead of the complete separation between labeled and unlabeled samples in a mass spectrum. D2O labeling has been employed in various omics studies to determine the metabolic flux, turnover rate, and relative quantification. Moreover, the advantages and challenges of D2O labeling and its future prospects in quantitative omics are discussed. The economy, versatility, and convenience of D2O labeling will be beneficial for the long-term omics studies for higher organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonghyun Kim
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, South Korea
| | - Seungwoo Seo
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, South Korea
| | - Tae-Young Kim
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, South Korea.
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Hou S, Chen P, He J, Chen J, Zhang J, Mammano F, Yang J. Dietary intake of deuterium oxide decreases cochlear metabolism and oxidative stress levels in a mouse model of age-related hearing loss. Redox Biol 2022; 57:102472. [PMID: 36162258 PMCID: PMC9513171 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) is the most prevalent sensory disorder in the elderly. Currently, no treatment can effectively prevent or reverse ARHL. Aging auditory organs are often accompanied by exacerbated oxidative stress and metabolic deterioration. Here, we report the effect of deuterated oxygen (D2O), also known as "heavy water", mouse models of ARHL. Supplementing the normal mouse diet with 10% D2O from 4 to 9 weeks of age lowered hearing thresholds at selected frequencies in treated mice compared to untreated control group. Oxidative stress levels were significantly reduced and in the cochlear duct of treated vs. untreated mice. Through metabolic flux analysis, we found that D2O mainly slowed down catabolic reactions, and may delay metabolic deterioration related to aging to a certain extent. Experiments confirmed that the Nrf2/HO-1/glutathione axis was down-regulated in treated mice. Thus, D2O supplementation can hinder ARHL progression in mouse models by slowing the pace of metabolism and reducing endogenous oxidative stress production in the cochlea. These findings open new avenues for protecting the cochlea from oxidative stress and regulating metabolism to prevent ARHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shule Hou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Ear Institute, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Penghui Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Ear Institute, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jingchun He
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Ear Institute, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Junmin Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Ear Institute, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Jifang Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Ear Institute, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Fabio Mammano
- Department of Physics and Astronomy "G. Galilei", University of Padua, Padova, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Italian National Research Council, Monterotondo, Italy.
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Ear Institute, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China.
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7
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Brown AD, Stewart CE, Burniston JG. Degradation of ribosomal and chaperone proteins is attenuated during the differentiation of replicatively aged C2C12 myoblasts. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2022; 13:2562-2575. [PMID: 35819316 PMCID: PMC9530526 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cell assays are important for investigating the mechanisms of ageing, including losses in protein homeostasis and 'proteostasis collapse'. We used novel isotopic labelling and proteomic methods to investigate protein turnover in replicatively aged (>140 population doublings) murine C2C12 myoblasts that exhibit impaired differentiation and serve as a model for age-related declines in muscle homeostasis. METHODS The Absolute Dynamic Profiling Technique for Proteomics (Proteo-ADPT) was used to investigate proteostasis in young (passage 6-10) and replicatively aged (passage 48-50) C2C12 myoblast cultures supplemented with deuterium oxide (D2 O) during early (0-24 h) or late (72-96 h) periods of differentiation. Peptide mass spectrometry was used to quantify the absolute rates of abundance change, synthesis and degradation of individual proteins. RESULTS Young cells exhibited a consistent ~25% rise in protein accretion over the 96-h experimental period. In aged cells, protein accretion increased by 32% (P < 0.05) during early differentiation, but then fell back to baseline levels by 96-h. Proteo-ADPT encompassed 116 proteins and 74 proteins exhibited significantly (P < 0.05, FDR < 5% interaction between age × differentiation stage) different changes in abundance between young and aged cells at early and later periods of differentiation, including proteins associated with translation, glycolysis, cell-cell adhesion, ribosomal biogenesis, and the regulation of cell shape. During early differentiation, heat shock and ribosomal protein abundances increased in aged cells due to suppressed degradation rather than heightened synthesis. For instance, HS90A increased at a rate of 10.62 ± 1.60 ng/well/h in aged which was significantly greater than the rate of accretion (1.86 ± 0.49 ng/well/h) in young cells. HS90A synthesis was similar in young (21.23 ± 3.40 ng/well/h) and aged (23.69 ± 1.13 ng/well/h), but HS90A degradation was significantly (P = 0.05) greater in young (19.37 ± 2.93 ng/well/h) versus aged (13.06 ± 0.76 ng/well/h) cells. During later differentiation the HS90A degradation (8.94 ± 0.38 ng/well/h) and synthesis (7.89 ± 1.28 ng/well/h) declined and were significantly less than the positive net balance between synthesis and degradation (synthesis = 28.14 ± 3.70 ng/well/h vs. degradation = 21.49 ± 3.13 ng/well/h) in young cells. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest a loss of proteome quality as a precursor to the lack of fusion of aged myoblasts. The quality of key chaperone proteins, including HS90A, HS90B and HSP7C was reduced in aged cells and may account for the disruption to cell signalling required for the later stages of differentiation and fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander D Brown
- Research Institute for Sport & Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Claire E Stewart
- Research Institute for Sport & Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Jatin G Burniston
- Research Institute for Sport & Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
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Zhang S, Pei R, Li M, Su H, Sun H, Ding Y, Su M, Huang C, Chen X, Du Z, Jin C, Zang Y, Li J, Xu Y, Chen X, Zhang B, Ding K. Cocktail polysaccharides isolated from Ecklonia kurome against the SARS-CoV-2 infection. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 275:118779. [PMID: 34742404 PMCID: PMC8520169 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Previous researches suggested that polysaccharides from brown algae had anti-virus activity. We hypothesized that nature polysaccharide from marine plants might have the effect on anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity. By high throughput screening to target 3CLpro enzyme using polysaccharides library, we discover a crude polysaccharide 375 from seaweed Ecklonia kurome blocked 3CLpro enzymatic activity and shows good anti-SARS-CoV-2 infection activity in cell. Further, we show that homogeneous polysaccharide 37502 from the 375 may bind to 3CLpro well and disturb spike protein binding to ACE2 receptor. The structure characterization uncovers that 37502 is alginate. These results imply that the bioactivities of 375 on SARS-CoV-2 may target multiple key molecules implicated in the virus infection and replication. The above results suggest that 375 may be a potential drug candidate against SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihai Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing 210023, PR China; Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, PR China
| | - Rongjuan Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Meixia Li
- Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, PR China; National Center for Drug Screening, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Haixia Su
- National Center for Drug Screening, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Hao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Yaqi Ding
- Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, PR China; National Center for Drug Screening, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Minbo Su
- National Center for Drug Screening, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Chunfan Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, PR China; Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, PR China
| | - Xia Chen
- Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, PR China; National Center for Drug Screening, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Zhenyun Du
- Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, PR China; National Center for Drug Screening, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Can Jin
- Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, PR China; National Center for Drug Screening, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Yi Zang
- National Center for Drug Screening, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Jia Li
- National Center for Drug Screening, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Yechun Xu
- National Center for Drug Screening, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China.
| | - Xinwen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, PR China.
| | - Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, PR China.
| | - Kan Ding
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing 210023, PR China; College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, PR China; Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China.
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Furman G, Meerovich V, Petrov D, Sokolovsky V, Xia Y. Anisotropy of Transverse Spin Relaxation in H 2O-D 2O Liquid Entrapped in Nanocavities: Application to Studies of Connective Tissues. Hyperfine Interact 2021; 242:19. [PMID: 35990926 PMCID: PMC9390080 DOI: 10.1007/s10751-021-01731-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The spin-spin relaxation in connective tissues is simulated using a model in which a connective tissue is represented by a set of nanocavities containing H2O-D2O liquid. Collagen fibrils in connective tissues form ordered hierarchical long structures of hydrated nano-cavities with characteristic diameter from 1 nm to several tens of nanometers and length of about 100 nm. We consider influence of the restricted Brownian motion of molecules inside a nano-cavity on spin-spin relaxation. The analytical expression for the transverse time T 2 for H2O-D2O liquid in contained a nanocavity was obtained. We show that the angular dependence of the transverse relaxation rate does not depend on the concentration of D2O. The theoretical results could explain the experimentally observed dependence of the degree of deuteration on the relaxation time T 2. Accounting the orientation distribution of the nanocavities well agreement with the experimental dependence of the relaxation for articular cartilage on the deuteration degree was obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Furman
- Physics Department, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Victor Meerovich
- Physics Department, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Danil Petrov
- Physics of Phase Transitions Department, Perm State University, Perm, Russia
| | | | - Yang Xia
- Physics Department, Oakland University, Rochester, MI. US
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Kobak KA, Lawrence MM, Pharaoh G, Borowik AK, Peelor FF, Shipman PD, Griffin TM, Van Remmen H, Miller BF. Determining the contributions of protein synthesis and breakdown to muscle atrophy requires non-steady-state equations. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2021; 12:1764-1775. [PMID: 34418329 PMCID: PMC8718081 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ageing and cachexia cause a loss of muscle mass over time, indicating that protein breakdown exceeds protein synthesis. Deuterium oxide (D2 O) is used for studies of protein turnover because of the advantages of long-term labelling, but these methods introduce considerations that have been largely overlooked when studying conditions of protein gain or loss. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the importance of accounting for a change in protein mass, a non-steady state, during D2 O labelling studies while also exploring the contribution of protein synthesis and breakdown to denervation-induced muscle atrophy. METHODS Adult (6 months) male C57BL/6 mice (n = 14) were labelled with D2 O for a total of 7 days following unilateral sciatic nerve transection to induce denervation of hindlimb muscles. The contralateral sham limb and nonsurgical mice (n = 5) were used as two different controls to account for potential crossover effects of denervation. We calculated gastrocnemius myofibrillar and collagen protein synthesis and breakdown assuming steady-state or using non-steady-state modelling. We measured RNA synthesis rates to further understand ribosomal turnover during atrophy. RESULTS Gastrocnemius mass was less in denervated muscle (137 ± 9 mg) compared with sham (174 ± 15 mg; P < 0.0001) or nonsurgical control (162 ± 5 mg; P < 0.0001). With steady-state calculations, fractional synthesis and breakdown rates (FSR and FBR) were lower in the denervated muscle (1.49 ± 0.06%/day) compared with sham (1.81 ± 0.09%/day; P < 0.0001) or nonsurgical control (2.27 ± 0.04%/day; P < 0.0001). When adjusting for change in protein mass, FSR was 4.21 ± 0.19%/day in denervated limb, whereas FBR was 4.09 ± 0.22%/day. When considering change in protein mass (ksyn ), myofibrillar synthesis was lower in denervated limb (2.44 ± 0.14 mg/day) compared with sham (3.43 ± 0.22 mg/day; P < 0.0001) and non-surgical control (3.74 ± 0.12 mg/day; P < 0.0001), whereas rate of protein breakdown (kdeg, 1/t) was greater in denervated limb (0.050 ± 0.003) compared with sham (0.019 ± 0.001; P < 0.0001) and nonsurgical control (0.023 ± 0.000; P < 0.0001). Muscle collagen breakdown was completely inhibited during denervation. There was a strong correlation (r = 0.83, P < 0.001) between RNA and myofibrillar protein synthesis in sham but not denervated muscle. CONCLUSIONS We show conflicting results between steady- and non-steady-state calculations on myofibrillar protein synthesis and breakdown during periods of muscle loss. We also found that collagen accumulation was largely from a decrease in collagen breakdown. Comparison between sham and non-surgical control demonstrated a crossover effect of denervation on myofibrillar protein synthesis and ribosomal biogenesis, which impacts study design for unilateral atrophy studies. These considerations are important because not accounting for them can mislead therapeutic attempts to maintain muscle mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil A Kobak
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.,Laboratory for Applied Research on Cardiovascular System, Department of Heart Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marcus M Lawrence
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.,Department of Kinesiology and Outdoor Recreation, Southern Utah University, Cedar City, UT, USA
| | - Gavin Pharaoh
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Agnieszka K Borowik
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Frederick F Peelor
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Patrick D Shipman
- Department of Mathematics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Timothy M Griffin
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.,Oklahoma City VA Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Holly Van Remmen
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.,Oklahoma City VA Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Benjamin F Miller
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
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11
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Miller BF, Pharaoh GA, Hamilton KL, Peelor FF, Kirkland JL, Freeman WM, Mann SN, Kinter M, Price JC, Stout MB. Short-term Calorie Restriction and 17α-Estradiol Administration Elicit Divergent Effects on Proteostatic Processes and Protein Content in Metabolically Active Tissues. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 75:849-857. [PMID: 31074767 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glz113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
17α-Estradiol (17α-E2) is a "non-feminizing" estrogen that extends life span in male, but not female, mice. We recently reported that 17α-E2 had robust beneficial effects on metabolic and inflammatory parameters in aged male mice. However, it remains unclear if 17α-E2 also delays other "hallmarks" of aging, particularly maintaining proteostasis. Here, we used isotope labeling methods in older mice to examine proteostatic mechanisms. We compared weight-matched mild calorie restricted (CR) and 17α-E2 treated male mice with the hypothesis that 17α-E2 would increase protein synthesis for somatic maintenance. 17α-E2 had no effect on protein synthesis or DNA synthesis in multiple tissues, including white adipose tissue. Conversely, mild short-term CR decreased DNA synthesis and increased the protein to DNA synthesis ratio in multiple tissues. Examination of individual protein synthesis and content did not differentiate treatments, although it provided insight into the regulation of protein content between tissues. Contrary to our hypothesis, we did not see the predicted differences in protein to DNA synthesis following 17α-E2 treatment. However, mild short-term CR elicited differences consistent with both lifelong CR and other treatments that curtail aging processes. These data indicated that despite similar maintenance of body mass, 17α-E2 and CR treatments elicit distinctly different proteostatic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin F Miller
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Fort Collins
| | - Gavin A Pharaoh
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Fort Collins.,Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Fort Collins
| | - Karyn L Hamilton
- Health and Exercise Science Department, Colorado State University, Fort Collins
| | - Fredrick F Peelor
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Fort Collins
| | - James L Kirkland
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Willard M Freeman
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Fort Collins.,Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Provo, Utah.,Oklahoma City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Provo, Utah
| | - Shivani N Mann
- Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Provo, Utah.,Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Provo, Utah
| | - Michael Kinter
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Fort Collins
| | - John C Price
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah
| | - Michael B Stout
- Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Provo, Utah.,Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Provo, Utah
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12
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Reid JJ, Linden MA, Peelor FF, Miller RA, Hamilton KL, Miller BF. Brain Protein Synthesis Rates in the UM-HET3 Mouse Following Treatment With Rapamycin or Rapamycin With Metformin. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2020; 75:40-49. [PMID: 30864661 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glz069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment with the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor, rapamycin (RAP), alone and in combination with the antidiabetic drug, metformin (RAP+MET), extends lifespan in mice. The mechanisms underlying lifespan extension are unclear. One possibility is improved capacity for proteostatic maintenance. We have previously characterized peripheral protein synthesis rates following treatment with RAP. However, it is unknown if RAP+MET elicits similar changes, or if either treatment affects protein synthesis in the brain. We hypothesized that 8 weeks of treatment with RAP and RAP+MET would alter brain protein synthesis rates to reflect proteostatic processes. Using the stable isotopic tracer, deuterium oxide (D2O), we demonstrate in UM-HET3 mice that protein synthesis rates measured in whole brain were unaffected by treatment in young male mice, whereas RAP+MET decreased mitochondrial protein synthesis in young females. Conversely, RAP increased mitochondrial protein synthesis rates in older females. Activity through the AMPK/mTOR pathway was affected in a sex-specific manner in young mice, and minimal changes were observed in the older cohort. Thus, we establish D2O for measurements of biogenesis in the brain. These results provide initial insights into the effects of RAP and RAP+MET on brain protein synthesis. Additionally, these data emphasize that responses to slowed aging treatments vary with sex and age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin J Reid
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City
| | - Melissa A Linden
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins
| | - Frederick F Peelor
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City
| | - Richard A Miller
- Department of Pathology and Paul F. Glenn Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Karyn L Hamilton
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins
| | - Benjamin F Miller
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City
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13
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Wolff CA, Lawrence MM, Porter H, Zhang Q, Reid JJ, Laurin JL, Musci RV, Linden MA, Peelor FF, Wren JD, Creery JS, Cutler KJ, Carson RH, Price JC, Hamilton KL, Miller BF. Sex differences in changes of protein synthesis with rapamycin treatment are minimized when metformin is added to rapamycin. GeroScience 2020; 43:809-828. [PMID: 32761290 PMCID: PMC8110668 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-020-00243-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss of protein homeostasis is a hallmark of the aging process. We and others have previously shown that maintenance of proteostasis is a shared characteristic of slowed-aging models. Rapamycin (Rap) exerts sex-specific effects on murine lifespan, but the combination of Rap with the anti-hyperglycemic drug metformin (Rap + Met) equally increases male and female mouse median lifespan. In the current investigation, we compare the effects of short-term (8 weeks) Rap and Rap + Met treatments on bulk and individual protein synthesis in two key metabolic organs (the liver and skeletal muscle) of young genetically heterogeneous mice using deuterium oxide. We report for the first time distinct effects of Rap and Rap + Met treatments on bulk and individual protein synthesis in young mice. Although there were decreases in protein synthesis as assessed by bulk measurements, individual protein synthesis analyses demonstrate there were nearly as many proteins that increased synthesis as decreased synthesis rates. While we observed the established sex- and tissue-specific effects of Rap on protein synthesis, adding Met yielded more uniform effects between tissue and sex. These data offer mechanistic insight as to how Rap + Met may extend lifespan in both sexes while Rap does not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A Wolff
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA.,Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, 32610, USA
| | - Marcus M Lawrence
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.
| | - Hunter Porter
- Genes and Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Justin J Reid
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Jaime L Laurin
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Robert V Musci
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Melissa A Linden
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA.,Pennington Biomedical Research Foundation, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA
| | - Frederick F Peelor
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Jonathan D Wren
- Genes and Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Joseph S Creery
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Kyle J Cutler
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Richard H Carson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - John C Price
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Karyn L Hamilton
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Benjamin F Miller
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
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Lerch S, De La Torre A, Huau C, Monziols M, Xavier C, Louis L, Le Cozler Y, Faverdin P, Lamberton P, Chery I, Heimo D, Loncke C, Schmidely P, Pires JAA. Estimation of dairy goat body composition: A direct calibration and comparison of eight methods. Methods 2021; 186:68-78. [PMID: 32603824 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2020.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective was to compare eight methods for estimation of dairy goat body composition, by calibrating against chemical composition (water, lipid, protein, mineral and energy) measured post-mortem. The methods tested on 20 Alpine goats were body condition score (BCS), 3-dimension imaging (3D) automatic assessment of BCS or whole body scan, ultrasound, computer tomography (CT), adipose cell diameter, deuterium oxide dilution space (D2OS) and bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy (BIS). Regressions were tested between predictive variates derived from the methods and empty body (EB) composition. The best equations for estimation of EB lipid mass included BW combined with i) perirenal adipose tissue mass and cell diameter (R2 = 0.95, residual standard deviation, rSD = 0.57 kg), ii) volume of fatty tissues measured by CT (R2 = 0.92, rSD = 0.76 kg), iii) D2OS (R2 = 0.91, rSD = 0.85 kg), and iv) resistance at infinite frequency from BIS (R2 = 0.87, rSD = 1.09 kg). The D2OS combined with BW provided the best equation for EB protein mass (R2 = 0.97, rSD = 0.17 kg), whereas BW alone provided a fair estimate (R2 = 0.92, rSD = 0.25 kg). Sternal BCS combined with BW provided good estimation of EB lipid and protein mass (R2 = 0.80 and 0.95, rSD = 1.27 and 0.22 kg, respectively). Compared to manual BCS, BCS by 3D slightly decreased the precision of the predictive equation for EB lipid (R2 = 0.74, rSD = 1.46 kg), and did not improve the estimation of EB protein compared with BW alone. Ultrasound measurements and whole body 3D imaging methods were not satisfactory estimators of body composition (R2 ≤ 0.40). Further developments in body composition techniques may contribute for high-throughput phenotyping of robustness.
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15
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Lokonon JHF, Hounkpatin WA, Idohou-Dossou N. Participation in the "nutrition at the Centre" project through women's group improved exclusive breastfeeding practices, as measured by the deuterium oxide dose-to-mother technique. Int Breastfeed J 2020; 15:58. [PMID: 32590987 PMCID: PMC7318378 DOI: 10.1186/s13006-020-00302-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Evidence of interventions that are effective in improving exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) practices is needed to help countries revise their strategies. To assess whether mothers who had participated in the Nutrition at the Centre (N@C) project effectively demonstrated better EBF practices than did those who did not participate, we documented the processes of this nutritional intervention in Benin. Methods This study was a cross-sectional design comparing the intervention group, namely, the Village Saving and Loan Association (VSLA-N@C), to the control group. The N@C project was an educational intervention based on behavioural and social changes related to nutrition. Through VSLA groups installed in communities, mothers were connected to the project; had weekly discussions around the process, benefits and challenges linked to EBF, and advocated during Breastfeeding Week celebrations. The study participants were mothers with children aged 4–5.5 months from the VSLA-N@C group (n = 53) and mothers (n = 50) from non-intervention areas who served as controls. With the deuterium oxide dose-to-mother technique, we quantified human milk intake (HMI) and non-milk oral intake (NMOI) and compared both groups using Student’s t-test. A child is considered to be exclusively breastfed if the NMOI is less than 86.6 g/day. Multivariate regression logistics adjusted for VSLA membership, mothers’ body mass index, and children’s age, weight-for-age and weight-for-length, thus enabling us to measure differences in EBF rates. Results Children of mothers from the VSLA-N@C group consumed significantly more human milk than those of mothers in the control group (900.2 ± 152.5 g/day vs 842.2 ± 188.6 g/day, P = 0.044). Children in the VSLA-N@C group had significantly less non-milk oral intake than did those in the control group (difference: 148.2 g/day, P = 0.000). Therefore, the EBF rate was significantly higher in the VSLA group (38% vs 8%, P < 0.0001), and mothers in VSLAs were 14 times more likely to practise EBF than were those in the control group (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 13.9, 95% CI 1.9–116.5, P = 0.015). Conclusion The EBF rate was significantly higher in the group of mothers who participated in the VSLA-N@C project than in those who did not receive the intervention. The N@C model could be promoted as a strategy for increasing EBF practices in poor and rural contexts, where it is possible to organize mothers into VSLA groups to discuss the process, benefits and challenges of EBF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaures H F Lokonon
- School of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Agronomics Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, Abomey-Calavi, Republic of Benin
| | - Waliou Amoussa Hounkpatin
- School of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Agronomics Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, Abomey-Calavi, Republic of Benin.
| | - Nicole Idohou-Dossou
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal
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16
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Fowler AL, Pyles MB, Bill VT, Hayes SH, Harris PA, Lawrence LM. Relationships Between Measurements of Body Fat in Thoroughbred Horses. J Equine Vet Sci 2019; 85:102873. [PMID: 31952641 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2019.102873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Equine obesity is increasing in prevalence, and weight loss diets are frequently recommended for these horses. However, there are also management situations in which horses are deemed to be too thin. To monitor the efficacy of weight change programs, estimates of body fat are often made. There are several systems available to estimate body fat, and there are benefits and challenges to using each method. The objective of this study was to compare four different methods of estimating body fat in Thoroughbred horses. In 14 mature Thoroughbred horses, relationships among body condition score (BCS), morphometric measurements, ultrasonic measures of subcutaneous fat depots, and estimation of total body fat (BFD) via measurement of total body water through deuterium oxide dilution were evaluated. Body condition scores ranged from 4.5 to 6.5 on a 9-point scale. Body condition score, heart girth-to-body weight ratio, and BFD were all positively correlated with each other (P < .05). Subcutaneous fat depth at the tailhead tended to be positively related to BFD when only horses with BCS ≥ 5 were included (P = .0680). These data suggest that BCS remains a simple means of monitoring adiposity in mature horses in moderate condition. Tailhead fat depots may become useful for monitoring changes in body fat in Thoroughbreds with a BCS above 5, although more work with animals of higher adiposity is required and at different times of year.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley L Fowler
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY.
| | - Morgan B Pyles
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Veronica T Bill
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Susan H Hayes
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Patricia A Harris
- Equine Studies Group, Waltham Centre for Pet Nutrition, Melton, Mowbray, UK
| | - Laurie M Lawrence
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
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17
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Guo F, Altaner CM. Effects of mechanical stretching, desorption and isotope exchange on deuterated eucalypt wood studied by near infrared spectroscopy. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2019; 211:254-259. [PMID: 30557842 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Deuterium exchange combined with near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy was used to study the roles of accessible and inaccessible cellulose in the load transfer of eucalyptus wood. Monitoring the drying process helped to assign NIR bands of deuterated wood samples. Polarized NIR spectra of protonated and deuterated samples confirmed that inaccessible hydroxyl groups in eucalyptus wood were preferably oriented in the longitudinal direction. The spectral changes on NIR spectra caused by mechanical strain could be highlighted by averaging loading and unloading cycles to compensate for effects of desorption and isotope re-exchange due to environmental fluctuations. After deuteration, the bands affected by mechanical strain at around 6420, 6240 and 4670 cm-1, which had been assigned to hydroxyl groups in cellulose, remained at these positions, suggesting the inaccessible cellulose fraction was the main load-bearing component in wood. A small band at around 4700 cm-1 responding to mechanical strain, becoming visible in the deuterated spectra, indicated that accessible hydroxyls also contributed to the load transfer. Furthermore, the measurements confirmed previous reports of moisture adsorption of wood under tensile stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Guo
- New Zealand School of Forestry, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Clemens M Altaner
- New Zealand School of Forestry, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand.
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18
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Chumjan W, Winterhalter M, Suginta W. Effects of H-bonds on sugar binding to chitoporin from Vibrio harveyi. Biochim Biophys Acta Biomembr 2019; 1861:610-8. [PMID: 30576623 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2018.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND VhChiP is a sugar-specific-porin present in the outer membrane of the marine bacterium Vibrio harveyi and responsible for chitin uptake, with a high selectivity for chitohexaose. METHODS VhChiP and its mutants were expressed and purified from BL21 (DE3) Omp8 Rosetta strain. After reconstitution into planar lipid bilayers, the ion current fluctuations caused by chitohexaose entering the channel were measured in deuterium oxide and in water. RESULTS The role of hydrogen-bonding in sugar binding was investigated by comparing channel occlusion by chitohexaose in buffers containing H2O and D2O. The BLM results revealed the significant contribution of hydrogen bonding to the binding of chitohexaose in the constriction zone of VhChiP. Replacing H2O as solvent by D2O significantly decreased the on- and off-rates of sugar penetration into the channel. The importance of hydrogen bonding inside the channel was more noticeable when the hydrophobicity of the constriction zone was diminished by replacing Trp136 with the charged residues Asp or Arg. The on- and off-rates decreased up to 2.5-fold and 4-fold when Trp136 was replaced by Arg, or 5-fold and 3-fold for Trp136 replacement by Asp, respectively. Measuring the on-rate at different temperatures and for different channel mutants revealed the activation energy for chitohexaose entrance into VhChiP channel. CONCLUSIONS Hydrogen-bonds contribute to sugar permeation.
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19
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Lee CK, Yi BR, Kim SH, Choi HS, Kim MJ, Lee JH. Volatile profiles and involvement step of moisture in bulk oils during oxidation by action of deuterium oxide (D 2O). Food Sci Biotechnol 2018; 27:1327-1332. [PMID: 30319841 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-018-0380-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Volatile formation is an inevitable result of lipid oxidation, which impact the quality of lipid rich foods. In this study, moisture role on the formation of volatiles were evaluated using deuterium oxide (D2O) and possible steps of moisture involvement were suggested. Moisture content in corn oil with deuterium free water (H2O) was significantly (p < 0.05) higher than that in corn oil with D2O. The contents of some volatiles including pentane, hexanal, 2-hexenal, and t-2-heptenal in corn oil with D2O were higher than those in corn oil with H2O for the first 8 days. Volatiles containing deuterium appeared in the order of pentane, t-2-pentenal, and t-2-heptenal during oxidation. Deuterium incorporated volatiles could be formed after the β-scission of lipid hydroperoxides. Therefore, moisture plays important roles in the formation of volatiles as well as the locations of oxidation in bulk oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Kyu Lee
- 1Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea
| | - Bo Ra Yi
- 1Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea
| | - Sung Hwa Kim
- 1Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea
| | - Hyung Seok Choi
- 1Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea
| | - Mi-Ja Kim
- 2Department of Food and Nutrition, Kangwon National University, Samcheok, Korea
| | - Jae Hwan Lee
- 1Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea
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Church A, Lee F, Buono MJ. Transition duration of ingested deuterium oxide to eccrine sweat during exercise in the heat. J Therm Biol 2016; 63:88-91. [PMID: 28010819 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2016.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The time necessary for the initial appearance of ingested water as sweat during exercise in the heat remains unknown. Based on the current literature, we estimated fluid transition through the body, from ingestion to appearance as sweat, to have a minimum time duration of approximately three minutes. The purpose of this study was to test this prediction and identify the time necessary for the initial enrichment of deuterium oxide (D2O) in sweat following ingestion during exercise in the heat. Eight participants performed moderate intensity (40% of maximal oxygen uptake) treadmill exercise in an environmental chamber (40°C, 40% rH) to induce active sweating. After fifteen minutes, while continuing to walk, participants consumed D2O (0.15mlkg-1) in a final volume of 50ml water. Scapular sweat samples were collected one minute prior to and ten minutes post-ingestion. Samples were analyzed for sweat D2O concentration using isotope ratio mass spectrometry and compared to baseline. Mean±SD ∆ sweat D2O concentration at minutes one and two post-ingestion were not significantly higher than baseline (0min). Minutes three (9±3ppm) through ten (23±11ppm) post-ingestion had ∆ sweat D2O concentrations significantly (P<0.05) higher than baseline. Such results suggest that ingested water rapidly transports across the mucosal membrane of the alimentary canal into the vasculature space, enters the extravascular fluid, and is actively secreted by the eccrine sweat glands onto the surface of the skin for potential evaporation in as little as three minutes during exercise in the heat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Church
- San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, United States
| | - Fanny Lee
- San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, United States
| | - Michael J Buono
- San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, United States.
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21
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Abstract
Soon after the discovery of deuterium, efforts to utilize this stable isotope of hydrogen for labeling of plants began and have proven successful for natural abundance to 20% enrichment. However, isotopic labeling with deuterium ((2)H) in higher plants at the level of 40% and higher is complicated by both physiological responses, particularly water exchange through transpiration, and inhibitory effects of D2O on germination, rooting, and growth. The highest incorporation of 40-50% had been reported for photoheterotrophic cultivation of the duckweed Lemna. Higher substitution is desirable for certain applications using neutron scattering and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques. (1)H(2)H NMR and mass spectroscopy are standard methods frequently used for determination of location and amount of deuterium substitution. The changes in infrared (IR) absorption observed for H to D substitution in hydroxyl and alkyl groups provide rapid initial evaluation of incorporation. Short-term experiments with cold-tolerant annual grasses can be carried out in enclosed growth containers to evaluate incorporation. Growth in individual chambers under continuous air perfusion with dried sterile-filtered air enables long-term cultivation of multiple plants at different D2O concentrations. Vegetative propagation from cuttings extends capabilities to species with low germination rates. Cultivation in 50% D2O of annual ryegrass and switchgrass following establishment of roots by growth in H2O produces samples with normal morphology and 30-40% deuterium incorporation in the biomass. Winter grain rye (Secale cereale) was found to efficiently incorporate deuterium by photosynthetic fixation from 50% D2O but did not incorporate deuterated phenylalanine-d8 from the growth medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara R Evans
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA.
| | - Riddhi Shah
- Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA; Biology and Soft Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
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Wilkinson DJ, Cegielski J, Phillips BE, Boereboom C, Lund JN, Atherton PJ, Smith K. Internal comparison between deuterium oxide (D2O) and L-[ring-13C6] phenylalanine for acute measurement of muscle protein synthesis in humans. Physiol Rep 2015; 3:3/7/e12433. [PMID: 26149278 PMCID: PMC4552519 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.12433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Stable isotope tracer methodologies are becoming increasingly widespread in metabolic research; yet a number of factors restrict their implementation, such as, i.v infusions, multiple cannulae, tissue samples, and significant cost. We recently validated the sensitivity of the orally administered stable isotope tracer deuterium oxide (D2O) for quantifying day-to-day changes in muscle protein synthesis (MPS). This method is less invasive, restrictive, and more cost-effective than traditional amino acid (AA) tracer techniques. In the present study, we hypothesized the sensitivity of our analytical techniques (GC-Pyrolysis-IRMS) would permit D2O-derived measurements of MPS over much shorter periods (i.e., hours) usually only possible using AA-tracer techniques. We recruited nine males (24 ± 3 year, BMI: 25 ± 3 kg·m−²) into an internally controlled comparison of D2O versus 13C AA-tracers. The day before the acute study subjects consumed 400 mL D2O, and on the study day, received a primed (0.3 mg·kg−1) continuous (0.6 mg·kg·h−1) i.v infusion of L-[ring-13C6]-phenylalanine to quantify MPS under both: (1) basal [postabsorptive] and; (2) stimulated [postprandial] that is, consumption of 20 g EAA, conditions. Measures of MPS yielded indistinguishable technique differences with respect to EAA, 13C: 0.065 ± 0.004 to 0.089 ± 0.006%·h−1 (P < 0.05) and D2O: 0.050 ± 0.007 to 0.088 ± 0.008%·h−1 (P < 0.05) with qualitatively similar increases. Our findings reveal that acute measurement of MPS, usually only possible using AA-tracers, are feasible over shorter periods with orally administered D2O when used in tandem with GC-Pyrolysis-IRMS. We conclude that this D2O approach provides a less invasive, cost-effective, and flexible means by which to quantify MPS acutely over several hours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Wilkinson
- MRC-ARUK Centre of Excellence for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research School of Medicine University of Nottingham, Derby, UK
| | - Jessica Cegielski
- MRC-ARUK Centre of Excellence for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research School of Medicine University of Nottingham, Derby, UK
| | - Bethan E Phillips
- MRC-ARUK Centre of Excellence for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research School of Medicine University of Nottingham, Derby, UK
| | - Catherine Boereboom
- MRC-ARUK Centre of Excellence for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research School of Medicine University of Nottingham, Derby, UK
| | - Jonathan N Lund
- MRC-ARUK Centre of Excellence for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research School of Medicine University of Nottingham, Derby, UK
| | - Philip J Atherton
- MRC-ARUK Centre of Excellence for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research School of Medicine University of Nottingham, Derby, UK
| | - Kenneth Smith
- MRC-ARUK Centre of Excellence for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research School of Medicine University of Nottingham, Derby, UK
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Abstract
Monitoring protein dynamics, compared to measuring static protein expression profiles taken with snapshot evaluations, have recently been the focus of proteomics studies examining tissue or blood samples where time course changes occur. Using deuterium oxide ((2) H2 O) to label amino acids is a useful method to monitor protein turnover rates. The synthesis rate for individual proteins is calculated from the rate of (2) H incorporation into specific proteins analyzed by high resolution MS. In this issue, Wang and colleagues measured the plasma protein turnover dynamics in healthy humans by in vivo (2) H2 O labeling [Wang, D. et al., Proteomics Clin. Appl. 2014, 8, 610-619]. The authors developed and validated a safe and accessible (2) H2 O administration protocol to record the turnover dynamics of 542 plasma proteins using MS. Their study demonstrates a promising new way to evaluate plasma protein dynamics in clinical trials where such knowledge could help for prognosis and evaluating treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang Ma
- San Antonio Cardiovascular Proteomics Center and Mississippi Center for Heart Research, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
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Wang D, Liem DA, Lau E, Ng DCM, Bleakley BJ, Cadeiras M, Deng MC, Lam MPY, Ping P. Characterization of human plasma proteome dynamics using deuterium oxide. Proteomics Clin Appl 2015; 8:610-9. [PMID: 24946186 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201400038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Revised: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE High-throughput quantification of human protein turnover via in vivo administration of deuterium oxide ((2) H2 O) is a powerful new approach to examine potential disease mechanisms. Its immediate clinical translation is contingent upon characterizations of the safety and hemodynamic effects of in vivo administration of (2) H2 O to human subjects. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We recruited ten healthy human subjects with a broad demographic variety to evaluate the safety, feasibility, efficacy, and reproducibility of (2) H2 O intake for studying protein dynamics. We designed a protocol where each subject orally consumed weight-adjusted doses of 70% (2) H2 O daily for 14 days to enrich body water and proteins with deuterium. Plasma proteome dynamics was measured using a high-resolution MS method we recently developed. RESULTS This protocol was successfully applied in ten human subjects to characterize the endogenous turnover rates of 542 human plasma proteins, the largest such human dataset to-date. Throughout the study, we did not detect physiological effects or signs of discomfort from (2) H2 O consumption. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Our investigation supports the utility of a (2) H2 O intake protocol that is safe, accessible, and effective for clinical investigations of large-scale human protein turnover dynamics. This workflow shows promising clinical translational value for examining plasma protein dynamics in human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Wang
- The NHLBI Proteomics Center at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Miller BF, Drake JC, Naylor B, Price JC, Hamilton KL. The measurement of protein synthesis for assessing proteostasis in studies of slowed aging. Ageing Res Rev 2014; 18:106-11. [PMID: 25283966 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2014.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Revised: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Slowing the aging process can reduce the risk for multiple chronic diseases simultaneously. It is increasingly recognized that maintaining protein homeostasis (or proteostasis) is important for slowing the aging process. Since proteostasis is a dynamic process, monitoring it is not a simple task and requires use of appropriate methods. This review will introduce methods to assess protein and DNA synthesis using deuterium oxide (D2O), and how protein and DNA synthesis outcomes provide insight into proteostatic mechanisms. Finally, we provide a discussion on how these assessments of protein and DNA synthesis are "mechanistic" investigations and provide an appropriate framework for the further development of slowed aging treatments.
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Kalkur RS, Ballast AC, Triplett AR, Spendier K. Effects of deuterium oxide on cell growth and vesicle speed in RBL-2H3 cells. PeerJ 2014; 2:e553. [PMID: 25237603 PMCID: PMC4157235 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Accepted: 08/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
For the first time we show the effects of deuterium oxide on cell growth and vesicle transport in rat basophilic leukemia (RBL-2H3) cells. RBL-2H3 cells cultured with 15 moles/L deuterium showed decreased cell growth which was attributed to cells not doubling their DNA content. Experimental observations also showed an increase in vesicle speed for cells cultured in deuterium oxide. This increase in vesicle speed was not observed in deuterium oxide cultures treated with a microtubule-destabilizing drug, suggesting that deuterium oxide affects microtubule-dependent vesicle transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshni S Kalkur
- BioFrontiers Center, University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO, USA
| | - Andrew C Ballast
- BioFrontiers Center, University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO, USA.,Department of Physics and Energy Science, University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO, USA
| | - Ashley R Triplett
- BioFrontiers Center, University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO, USA
| | - Kathrin Spendier
- BioFrontiers Center, University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO, USA.,Department of Physics and Energy Science, University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO, USA
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