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Wang Q, Yu X, He Y, Zhang Y, Hui R, Ye H, Wang C, Bai M. Review of the protist Labyrinhula spp. and its relationship to seagrass disease under the influence of anthropogenic activities. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1410195. [PMID: 39144208 PMCID: PMC11322444 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1410195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Anthropogenic activities are driving significant changes in coastal ecological environments, increasingly spotlighting microorganisms associated with seagrass bed ecosystems. Labyrinthula is primarily recognized as a saprophytic protist associated with marine detritus, and it also acts as an opportunistic pathogen affecting marine algae, terrestrial plants and mollusks, especially in coastal environments. The genus plays a key role in the decomposition of marine detritus, facilitated by its interactions with diatoms and through the utilization of a diverse array of carbohydrate-active enzymes to decompose seagrass cell walls. However, human activities have significantly influenced the prevalence and severity of seagrass wasting disease (SWD) through factors such as climate warming, increased salinity and ocean acidification. The rise in temperature and salinity, exacerbated by human-induced climate change, has been shown to increase the susceptibility of seagrass to Labyrinthula, highlighting the adaptability of pathogen to environmental stressors. Moreover, the role of seagrass in regulating pathogen load and their immune response to Labyrinthula underscore the complex dynamics within these marine ecosystems. Importantly, the genotype diversity of seagrass hosts, environmental stress factors and the presence of marine organisms such as oysters, can influence the interaction mechanisms between seagrass and Labyrinthula. Besides, these organisms have the potential to both mitigate and facilitate pathogen transmission. The complexity of these interactions and their impacts driven by human activities calls for the development of comprehensive multi-factor models to better understand and manage the conservation and restoration of seagrass beds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuzhen Wang
- Ocean College, Hebei Agricultural University, Qinhuangdao, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Nutrition Regulation and Disease Control for Aquaculture, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Xinping Yu
- Ocean College, Hebei Agricultural University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Yike He
- Marine Geological Resources Survey Center of Hebei Province, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Ocean Survey Department, Qinhuangdao Marine Center of the Ministry of Natural Resources, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Ruixue Hui
- Ocean College, Hebei Agricultural University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Huike Ye
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, China
| | - Caili Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Dezhou University, Dezhou, China
| | - Mohan Bai
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, China
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Cobacho SP, van de Leemput IA, Holmgren M, Christianen MJA. Impact of human disturbance on biogeochemical fluxes in tropical seascapes. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 197:106479. [PMID: 38583357 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Tropical seascapes rely on the feedback relationships among mangrove forests, seagrass meadows, and coral reefs, as they mutually facilitate and enhance each other's functionality. Biogeochemical fluxes link tropical coastal habitats by exchanging material flows and energy through various natural processes that determine the conditions for life and ecosystem functioning. However, little is known about the seascape-scale implications of anthropogenic disruptions to these linkages. Despite the limited number of integrated empirical studies available (with only 11 out of 81 selected studies focusing on the integrated dynamics of mangroves, seagrass, and corals), this review emphasizes the importance of biogeochemical fluxes for ecosystem connectivity in tropical seascapes. It identifies four primary anthropogenic influences that can disturb these fluxes-nutrient enrichment, chemical pollution, microbial pollution, and solid waste accumulation-resulting in eutrophication, increased disease incidence, toxicity, and disruptions to water carbonate chemistry. This review also highlights significant knowledge gaps in our understanding of biogeochemical fluxes and ecosystem responses to perturbations in tropical seascapes. Addressing these knowledge gaps is crucial for developing practical strategies to conserve and manage connected seascapes effectively. Integrated research is needed to shed light on the complex interactions and feedback mechanisms within these ecosystems, providing valuable insights for conservation and management practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara P Cobacho
- Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management Group, Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University, 6708, PB Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Ingrid A van de Leemput
- Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management Group, Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University, 6708, PB Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Milena Holmgren
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation Group, Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University, 6708, PB Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Marjolijn J A Christianen
- Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management Group, Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University, 6708, PB Wageningen, the Netherlands
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Liu S, Liang J, Jiang Z, Li J, Wu Y, Fang Y, Ren Y, Zhang X, Huang X, Macreadie PI. Temporal and spatial variations of air-sea CO 2 fluxes and their key influence factors in seagrass meadows of Hainan Island, South China Sea. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 910:168684. [PMID: 37981158 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Seagrass ecosystems have received a great deal of attention for contributing to uptake of atmospheric CO2, and thereby helping to mitigate global climate change ('blue carbon'). Carbon budgets for seagrass ecosystems are developed by estimating air-sea CO2 fluxes. Data for air-sea CO2 flux for tropical seagrass ecosystems are lacking, which is problematic for constraining global seagrass carbon budgets. Here, we sought to address this important data gap for tropical seagrass ecosystems (dominated by Thalassia hemprichii and Enhalus acoroides) from the Hainan Island of South China Sea, while also testing what the main factors driving the variations of air-sea CO2 fluxes are. We found that air-sea CO2 fluxes exhibited a U-shape diurnal variability from 6 a.m. to 6 a.m. of the next day, with the highest and lowest air-sea CO2 fluxes values at early morning and afternoon, respectively. Biological processes were the driving force for mediating diurnal variations of seawater pCO2. The pCO2, sea in different seasons displayed a trend of increasing from spring, reaching maximum in summer and then a decreasing trend after summer, where water temperature, wind speed and seagrass growth mainly drove the variations. This resulted in net uptake of CO2 in all seasons except during summer in our study seagrass ecosystems, with greater negative values found in autumn (-3.63 ± 0.76 mmol m-2 d-1) than those in winter (-2.84 ± 0.60 mmol m-2 d-1). While the nutrient loading induced seagrass biomass changes (especially the seagrass T. hemprichii), which mediated the air-sea CO2 fluxes changes among different seagrass meadows. Net annual CO2 uptake potential under low nutrient loading (-0.77 ± 0.16 mol m-2 yr-1) was 23-54 % greater than high nutrient loading seagrass meadows, with the average annual air-sea CO2 flux of the three seagrass meadows as -0.64 ± 0.13 mol m-2 yr-1. These results suggest that tropical seagrass meadows of Hainan Island are a significant CO2 sink of atmospheric CO2, but this capacity can be diminished by nutrient loading. Scaling up, we estimate the annual atmospheric CO2 uptake by seagrass meadows of Hainan Island (total area 55.28 km2) was 1544 t of CO2 yr-1, equivalent to the annual emissions from the wholesale, retail, accommodation and catering industries of 164,000 tourists in Hainan Island. With carbon neutrality becoming an important part of global climate governance, this study provides timely information for capitalising on the ability of seagrasses to contribute to natural climate solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songlin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; Sanya Institute of Ocean Eco-Environmental Engineering, Sanya 572100, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Jiening Liang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; Sanya Institute of Ocean Eco-Environmental Engineering, Sanya 572100, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Zhijian Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; Sanya Institute of Ocean Eco-Environmental Engineering, Sanya 572100, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Jinlong Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; Sanya Institute of Ocean Eco-Environmental Engineering, Sanya 572100, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Yunchao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; Sanya Institute of Ocean Eco-Environmental Engineering, Sanya 572100, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Yang Fang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; Sanya Institute of Ocean Eco-Environmental Engineering, Sanya 572100, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Yuzheng Ren
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; Sanya Institute of Ocean Eco-Environmental Engineering, Sanya 572100, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; Sanya Institute of Ocean Eco-Environmental Engineering, Sanya 572100, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Xiaoping Huang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; Sanya Institute of Ocean Eco-Environmental Engineering, Sanya 572100, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China.
| | - Peter I Macreadie
- Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia
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Egea LG, Brun FG, Jiménez-Ramos R. Dissolved organic carbon leaching from microplastics and bioavailability in coastal ecosystems. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 909:168673. [PMID: 37981166 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
The dissolved organic carbon (DOC) leached from two types of microplastics (polyethylene and polypropylene) frequently found in coastal areas were evaluated in situ. Subsequently, the bioavailability of leached DOC was assessed for microbial inocula from different coastal communities (i.e., estuarine and open-coastal waters, river-mouth waters and seagrass beds). Leached DOC was largely biodegradable (as much as 85 %). However, seagrass beds and river-mouth waters exhibited lower DOC utilization efficiency than estuarine and open-coastal waters, probably because of differences in their microbial communities. The labile/recalcitrant ratio of DOC leached from plastic was similar under illuminated and dark conditions, whereas DOC leached from polyethylene, rather than DOC leached from polypropylene, was preferentially used by microbial communities. We estimated that as many as 21,000 metric tons of DOC leached from plastics may be released into ocean annually. Our results support the need to consider the potential impacts of coastal plastic pollution on microbial communities, including consideration of the trophic webs and coastal carbon cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- L G Egea
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación Marina (INMAR), Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEI·MAR), Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Ambientales Universidad de Cádiz, Campus Universitario de Puerto Real., 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - F G Brun
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación Marina (INMAR), Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEI·MAR), Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Ambientales Universidad de Cádiz, Campus Universitario de Puerto Real., 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - R Jiménez-Ramos
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación Marina (INMAR), Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEI·MAR), Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Ambientales Universidad de Cádiz, Campus Universitario de Puerto Real., 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.
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Tasdemir D, Scarpato S, Utermann-Thüsing C, Jensen T, Blümel M, Wenzel-Storjohann A, Welsch C, Echelmeyer VA. Epiphytic and endophytic microbiome of the seagrass Zostera marina: Do they contribute to pathogen reduction in seawater? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 908:168422. [PMID: 37956849 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Seagrass meadows provide crucial ecosystem services for coastal environments and were shown to reduce the abundance of waterborne pathogens linked to infections in humans and marine organisms in their vicinity. Among potential drivers, seagrass phenolics released into seawater have been linked to pathogen suppression, but the potential involvement of the seagrass microbiome has not been investigated. We hypothesized that the microbiome of the eelgrass Zostera marina, especially the leaf epiphytes that are at direct interface between the seagrass host and the surrounding seawater, inhibit waterborne pathogens thereby contributing to their removal. Using a culture-dependent approach, we isolated 88 bacteria and fungi associated with the surfaces and inner tissues of the eelgrass leaves (healthy and decaying) and the roots. We assessed the antibiotic activity of microbial extracts against a large panel of common aquatic, human (fecal) and plant pathogens, and mined the metabolome of the most active extracts. The healthy leaf epibiotic bacteria, particularly Streptomyces sp. strain 131, displayed broad-spectrum antibiotic activity superior to some control drugs. Gram-negative bacteria abundant on healthy leaf surfaces, and few endosphere-associated bacteria and fungi also displayed remarkable activities. UPLC-MS/MS-based untargeted metabolomics analyses showed rich specialized metabolite repertoires with low annotation rates, indicating the presence of many undescribed antimicrobials in the extracts. This study contributes to our understanding on microbial and chemical ecology of seagrasses, implying potential involvement of the seagrass microbiome in suppression of pathogens in seawater. Such effect is beneficial for the health of ocean and human, especially in the context of climate change that is expected to exacerbate all infectious diseases. It may also assist future seagrass conservation and management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Tasdemir
- GEOMAR Centre for Marine Biotechnology (GEOMAR-Biotech), Research Unit Marine Natural Products Chemistry, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel 24106, Germany; Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Kiel University, Kiel 24118, Germany.
| | - Silvia Scarpato
- GEOMAR Centre for Marine Biotechnology (GEOMAR-Biotech), Research Unit Marine Natural Products Chemistry, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel 24106, Germany
| | - Caroline Utermann-Thüsing
- GEOMAR Centre for Marine Biotechnology (GEOMAR-Biotech), Research Unit Marine Natural Products Chemistry, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel 24106, Germany
| | - Timo Jensen
- GEOMAR Centre for Marine Biotechnology (GEOMAR-Biotech), Research Unit Marine Natural Products Chemistry, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel 24106, Germany
| | - Martina Blümel
- GEOMAR Centre for Marine Biotechnology (GEOMAR-Biotech), Research Unit Marine Natural Products Chemistry, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel 24106, Germany
| | - Arlette Wenzel-Storjohann
- GEOMAR Centre for Marine Biotechnology (GEOMAR-Biotech), Research Unit Marine Natural Products Chemistry, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel 24106, Germany
| | - Claudia Welsch
- GEOMAR Centre for Marine Biotechnology (GEOMAR-Biotech), Research Unit Marine Natural Products Chemistry, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel 24106, Germany
| | - Vivien Anne Echelmeyer
- GEOMAR Centre for Marine Biotechnology (GEOMAR-Biotech), Research Unit Marine Natural Products Chemistry, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel 24106, Germany
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Liu S, Ren Y, Jiang Z, Luo H, Zhang X, Wu Y, Liang J, Huang X, Macreadie PI. Changes in surface sediment carbon compositions in response to tropical seagrass meadow restoration. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 903:166565. [PMID: 37633380 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Seagrass meadows are declining at a global scale, threatening their capacity as blue carbon sinks. Restoration of seagrasses (via seagrass seeds or plant transplantation) may recover their carbon sequestration capacity. Previous studies have predominantly focused on sediment organic carbon (SOC), while variations in sediment carbon compositions remain poorly understood, limiting our comprehension of the influence of seagrass restoration on sediment carbon stability. Here, we researched the differences in surface (0-3 cm) sediment carbon compositions in response to tropical seagrass transplantation among species (Thalassia hemprichii and Enhalus acoroides); specifically, differences in labile, recalcitrant and refractory SOC, as well as sediment inorganic carbon (SIC) compositions variations under transplanted T. hemprichii and E. acoroides communities. It was found that seagrass transplantation enhanced suspended particle organic matter, and epiphyte and macroalgae input to surface sediment, which recovered the surface SOC concentration and stock rapidly to natural levels (increased ∼1.6-fold) within two years following transplantation. The elevated contribution of epiphyte and macroalgae significantly increased the surface labile sediment organic matter (SOM), but not the recalcitrant and refractory SOM composition after short-term transplantation. Meanwhile, surface SIC was significantly elevated, which might be mainly ascribed to allochthonous carbonate particle trapped under transplanted area with implications for carbon sequestration. The higher canopy and longer leaf seagrass species, E. acoroides, had elevated SOC, SIC and was more labile composition, compared to T. hemprichii transplant. Overall, this research suggests that tropical seagrass transplantation can increase the surface SOC, SIC concentration by increasing the labile organic matter and allochthonous carbonate particle input, respectively, with varying significantly among seagrass species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songlin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; Sanya Institute of Ocean Eco-Environmental Engineering, Sanya 572100, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Yuzheng Ren
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; Sanya Institute of Ocean Eco-Environmental Engineering, Sanya 572100, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Zhijian Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; Sanya Institute of Ocean Eco-Environmental Engineering, Sanya 572100, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Hongxue Luo
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; Sanya Institute of Ocean Eco-Environmental Engineering, Sanya 572100, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; Sanya Institute of Ocean Eco-Environmental Engineering, Sanya 572100, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Yunchao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; Sanya Institute of Ocean Eco-Environmental Engineering, Sanya 572100, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Jiening Liang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; Sanya Institute of Ocean Eco-Environmental Engineering, Sanya 572100, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Xiaoping Huang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; Sanya Institute of Ocean Eco-Environmental Engineering, Sanya 572100, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China.
| | - Peter I Macreadie
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia
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Kalvaitienė G, Vaičiūtė D, Bučas M, Gyraitė G, Kataržytė M. Macrophytes and their wrack as a habitat for faecal indicator bacteria and Vibrio in coastal marine environments. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 194:115325. [PMID: 37523954 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Waterborne pathogenic bacteria, including faecal indicator bacteria and potentially pathogenic Vibrio, are a global concern for diseases transmitted through water. A systematic review was conducted to analyse publications that investigated these bacteria in relation to macrophytes (seagrasses and macroalgae) in coastal marine environments. The highest quantities of FIB were found on brown algae and seagrasses, and the highest quantities of Vibrio bacteria were on red algae. The most extensively studied macrophyte group was brown algae, green algae were the least researched. Macrophyte wrack was found to favor the presence of FIB, but there is a lack of information about Vibrio quantities in this environment. To understand the role of Vibrio bacteria that are pathogenic to humans, molecular methods complementary to cultivation methods should be used. Further research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms of FIB and potentially pathogenic Vibrio with macrophytes and their microbiome in the coastal marine environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greta Kalvaitienė
- Klaipėda University, Marine Research Institute, University Avenue 17, 92295 Klaipėda, Lithuania.
| | - Diana Vaičiūtė
- Klaipėda University, Marine Research Institute, University Avenue 17, 92295 Klaipėda, Lithuania.
| | - Martynas Bučas
- Klaipėda University, Marine Research Institute, University Avenue 17, 92295 Klaipėda, Lithuania.
| | - Greta Gyraitė
- Klaipėda University, Marine Research Institute, University Avenue 17, 92295 Klaipėda, Lithuania.
| | - Marija Kataržytė
- Klaipėda University, Marine Research Institute, University Avenue 17, 92295 Klaipėda, Lithuania.
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Liu S, Trevathan-Tackett SM, Jiang Z, Cui L, Wu Y, Zhang X, Li J, Luo H, Huang X. Nutrient loading decreases blue carbon by mediating fungi activities within seagrass meadows. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 212:113280. [PMID: 35430277 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Coastal pollution, including nutrient loading, can negatively impact seagrass health and cover and may consequently alter soil organic carbon (SOC) accumulation and preservation. Key to understanding how eutrophication impacts SOC cycling in seagrass ecosystems is how nutrient loading changes the sources of carbon being deposited and how these changes in resources, both nutrients and carbon availability, influence soil microbiota community and activity. Currently, the direction and magnitude of nutrient loading impacts on seagrass SOC dynamics are poorly understood at a meadow scale, limiting our ability to reveal the driving mechanisms of SOC remineralisation. The purpose of this study was to assess the response of surface SOC and soil microbiomes to nutrient loading within tropical seagrass meadows. To achieve this, we quantified both total SOC and recalcitrant soil organic carbon (RSOC) concentrations and sources, in addition to the composition of bacterial and fungal communities and soil extracellular enzyme activities. We found that nutrient loading elevated SOC and RSOC content, mainly facilitated by enhanced algal growth. There was no nutrient effect on the soil prokaryotic communities, however, saprotrophic fungi groups (i.e. Trapeliales, Sordaridales, Saccharomycetales and Polyporales) and fungal activities were elevated under high nutrient conditions, including extracellular enzyme activities linked to seagrass-based cellulose and lignin decomposition. This relative increase in RSOC transformation may decrease the relative contribution of seagrass carbon to RSOC pools. Additionally, significantly different fungal communities were observed between adjacent T. hemprichii and E. acoroides areas, which coincided with elevated RSOC-decomposing enzyme activity in T. hemprichii meadows, even though the mixed seagrass meadow received allochthonous SOC and RSOC from the same sources. These results suggest that nutrient loading stimulated fungal activity and community shifts specific to the local seagrass species, thereby causing fine-scale (within-meadow) variability in SOC cycling in response to nutrient loading. This study provides evidence that fungal composition and activity, mediated by human activities (e.g. nutrient loading), can be an important influence on seagrass blue carbon accumulation and remineralisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songlin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Sanya Institute of Oceanology, SCSIO, Sanya, 572100, China; Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Stacey M Trevathan-Tackett
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Centre for Integrative Ecology, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, 3125, Australia
| | - Zhijian Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Sanya Institute of Oceanology, SCSIO, Sanya, 572100, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Lijun Cui
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Sanya Institute of Oceanology, SCSIO, Sanya, 572100, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yunchao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Sanya Institute of Oceanology, SCSIO, Sanya, 572100, China; Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Sanya Institute of Oceanology, SCSIO, Sanya, 572100, China; Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Jinlong Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Sanya Institute of Oceanology, SCSIO, Sanya, 572100, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hongxue Luo
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Sanya Institute of Oceanology, SCSIO, Sanya, 572100, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaoping Huang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Sanya Institute of Oceanology, SCSIO, Sanya, 572100, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China.
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9
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Unsworth RKF, Cullen-Unsworth LC, Jones BLH, Lilley RJ. The planetary role of seagrass conservation. Science 2022; 377:609-613. [PMID: 35926055 DOI: 10.1126/science.abq6923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Seagrasses are remarkable plants that have adapted to live in a marine environment. They form extensive meadows found globally that bioengineer their local environments and preserve the coastal seascape. With the increasing realization of the planetary emergency that we face, there is growing interest in using seagrasses as a nature-based solution for greenhouse gas mitigation. However, seagrass sensitivity to stressors is acute, and in many places, the risk of loss and degradation persists. If the ecological state of seagrasses remains compromised, then their ability to contribute to nature-based solutions for the climate emergency and biodiversity crisis remains in doubt. We examine the major ecological role that seagrasses play and how rethinking their conservation is critical to understanding their part in fighting our planetary emergency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard K F Unsworth
- Seagrass Ecosystem Research Group, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, Wales, UK.,Project Seagrass, The Yard, Bridgend Industrial Estate, Bridgend CF31 3EB, Wales, UK
| | - Leanne C Cullen-Unsworth
- Seagrass Ecosystem Research Group, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, Wales, UK.,Project Seagrass, The Yard, Bridgend Industrial Estate, Bridgend CF31 3EB, Wales, UK
| | - Benjamin L H Jones
- Project Seagrass, The Yard, Bridgend Industrial Estate, Bridgend CF31 3EB, Wales, UK.,Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Richard J Lilley
- Project Seagrass, The Yard, Bridgend Industrial Estate, Bridgend CF31 3EB, Wales, UK
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10
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Suzzi AL, Gaston TF, McKenzie L, Mazumder D, Huggett MJ. Tracking the impacts of nutrient inputs on estuary ecosystem function. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 811:152405. [PMID: 34923003 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Estuaries are one of the most impacted coastal environments globally, subjected to multiple stressors from urban, industry and coastal development. With increasing anthropogenic activity surrounding estuarine systems, sewage inputs have become a common concern. Stable isotope analysis provides a well-established tool to investigate the incorporation of nitrogen into marine organisms and identify major nutrient sources. Benthic macroinvertebrate communities are often used as bioindicators in ecological studies as they typically display predictable responses to anthropogenic pressures, however have a suite of limitations and costs associated with their use. 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing techniques allow for investigation of the microbial communities inhabiting complex environmental samples, with potential as a tool in the ecological assessment of pollution. These communities have not yet been adequately considered for ecological studies and biomonitoring, with a need to better understand interactions with environmental stressors and implications for ecosystem function. This study used a combination of stable isotope analysis to trace the uptake of anthropogenic nitrogen in biota, traditional assessment of benthic macroinvertebrate communities, and 16S rDNA genotyping of benthic microbial communities. Stable isotope analysis of seagrass and epiphytes identified multiple treated and untreated sewage inputs, ranges of 5.2-7.2‰ and 1.9-4.0‰ for δ15N respectively, as the dominant nitrogen source at specific locations. The benthic macroinvertebrate community reflected these inputs with shifts in dominant taxa and high abundances of polychaetes at some sites. Microbial communities provided a sensitive indication of impact with a breadth of information not available using traditional techniques. Composition and predicted function reflected sewage inputs, particularly within sediments, with the relative abundance of specific taxa and putative pathogens linked to these inputs. This research supports the growing body of evidence that benthic microbial communities respond rapidly to anthropogenic stressors and have potential as a monitoring tool in urban estuarine systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra L Suzzi
- College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW, Australia.
| | - Troy F Gaston
- College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW, Australia
| | - Louise McKenzie
- College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW, Australia; Hunter Water Corporation, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Debashish Mazumder
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Megan J Huggett
- College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW, Australia; Centre for Marine Ecosystems Research, School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
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11
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Apostoloumi C, Malea P, Kevrekidis T. Principles and concepts about seagrasses: Towards a sustainable future for seagrass ecosystems. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 173:112936. [PMID: 34562848 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Seagrasses grow in shallow marine and estuarine environments worldwide, providing multiple ecosystem services. However, a global trend of seagrass loss has been documented. Thus, increasing awareness of seagrass value is crucial for the sustainability of these vital ecosystems. This study aims to contribute to the creation of a seagrass-literate society, by defining key principles and concepts in relation to seagrasses that a seagrass-literate person should know. Six principles about seagrasses were defined. Each one is underpinned by a set of concepts. These principles and concepts concern key issues of seagrass biology (Principles 1-4), value (Principles 3-5), loss and protection (Principle 5), and research (Principle 6). Seagrass principles and concepts can be primarily used for educational purposes and as a practical resource to policy- and decision- makers. Our attempt could stimulate a collaborative effort of scientists and educators, aiming to improve the recommended principles and concepts, and to contribute to seagrass conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrisa Apostoloumi
- Laboratory of Environmental Research and Education, Democritus University of Thrace, Nea Hili, GR-68131 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Paraskevi Malea
- Department of Botany, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Theodoros Kevrekidis
- Laboratory of Environmental Research and Education, Democritus University of Thrace, Nea Hili, GR-68131 Alexandroupolis, Greece.
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