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Mandal A, Kumar M, Kumar A, Sen A, Das P, Das S. TLR4 and TLR9 polymorphism: Probable role in susceptibility among the population of Bihar for Indian visceral leishmaniasis. Innate Immun 2021; 27:493-500. [PMID: 33910419 PMCID: PMC8504264 DOI: 10.1177/1753425920965658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic variations in the host TLRs genes play an important role in susceptibility and/or resistance to visceral leishmaniasis by altering the host-pathogen interaction. In this study, we investigated the association between polymorphisms of TLR4 (Asp299Gly, Thr399Ile) and TLR-9 (T-1237C), with susceptibility to visceral leishmaniasis. A bi-directional PCR amplification of specific alleles technique was used to characterize the distribution of TLR4 (Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile) and TLR9 (T-1237C) polymorphisms. A total of 60 samples were randomly selected from confirmed visceral leishmaniasis patients and 24 endemic healthy volunteers. The samples were genotyped and allele frequencies were determined. We observed that TLR4 Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile genotypes were more frequent in visceral leishmaniasis patients (10% and 15% respectively) compared to controls (4.2% and 8.3% respectively). However, the differences were not significant in TLR4 Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile alleles and genotypes. In the case of TLR9, we observed the frequency of T1237C genotype was higher in visceral leishmaniasis patients (43.3%) than in healthy controls (33.3%). Statistically significant differences were observed in TLR9 T1237C alleles and genotypes. We concluded that TLR9 T1237C, but not TLR4, gene polymorphisms can be regarded as contributors to visceral leishmaniasis susceptibility among the Indian population of Bihar state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Mandal
- Department of Molecular Biology, Indian Council of Medical Research-Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- Department of Molecular Biology, Indian Council of Medical Research-Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | - Ashish Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Council of Medical Research-Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | - Abhik Sen
- Department of Molecular Biology, Indian Council of Medical Research-Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | - Pradeep Das
- Department of Molecular Biology, Indian Council of Medical Research-Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | - Sushmita Das
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
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2
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Zhao Y, Zhang Y, Zhou J, Wang L, Shi J, Tan Y, Luo Y, Huang H, Cai Z. Toll-like Receptor 4 Gene Polymorphisms in Chinese Population After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation. Curr Bioinform 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1574893615999200818155048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Objectives::
Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is the most common complication after
hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and remains to be a major cause of mortality.
Activation of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) by lipopolysaccharide induces the NF-κB signaling
pathway to release critical proinflammatory cytokines and increases the recipient response to
GVHD. In order to clarify the role of TLR-4 in the occurrence of acute GVHD after HSCT, we
collected 208 samples from HSCT recipients and their human lecucyte antigen identical donors to
test the hypothesis that TLR-4polymorphism in the recipients or donors influence the risk of acute
GVHD in allogeneic HSCT recipients.
Methods::
TLR-4 Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile polymorphisms of each sample were examined by
using DNA sequencing and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism
methods.
Results::
No homozygous or heterozygous variant alleles of the Asp299Gly or Thr339Ile
polymorphism were detected in any samples in our study. Our results demonstrate that TLR-4
Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile polymorphisms might be very rare in the Chinese population (Eastern
China and Taiwan region).
Conclusion::
The results of this study cannot confirm the role of TLR-4 mutations in the
pathogenesis of GVHD in humans, yet we reach a definite conclusion by a TLR-4 knockout
murine GVHD model in our ongoing project.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhao
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang,China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang,China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang,China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang,China
| | - Jimin Shi
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang,China
| | - Yamin Tan
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang,China
| | - Yi Luo
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang,China
| | - He Huang
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang,China
| | - Zhen Cai
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang,China
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Valverde-Villegas JM, Dos Santos BP, de Medeiros RM, Mattevi VS, Lazzaretti RK, Sprinz E, Kuhmmer R, Chies JAB. Endosomal toll-like receptor gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to HIV and HCV co-infection - Differential influence in individuals with distinct ethnic background. Hum Immunol 2017; 78:221-226. [PMID: 28062211 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The genetic background of human populations can influence the susceptibility and outcome of infection diseases. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have been previously associated with susceptibility to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, disease progression and hepatitis C, virus (HCV) co-infection in different populations, although mostly in Europeans. In this study, we investigated the genetic role of endosomal TLRs on susceptibility to HIV infection and HCV co-infection through the analysis of TLR7 rs179008, TLR8 rs3764880, TLR9 rs5743836 and TLR9 rs352140 polymorphisms in 789 Brazilian individuals (374 HIV+ and 415 HIV-), taking into account their ethnic background. Amongst the 357 HIV+ individuals with available data concerning HCV infection, 98 were positive. In European descendants, the TLR9 rs5743836 C carriers displayed a higher susceptibility to HIV infection [dominant, Odds Ratio (OR)=1.53; 95% CI: 1.05-2.23; P=0.027]. In African descendants, TLR9 rs5743836 CT genotype was associated with protection to HIV infection (codominant, OR=0.51; 95% CI: 0.30-0.87; P=0.013). Also, the TLR9 rs352140 AA variant genotype was associated with susceptibility to HIV+/HCV+ co-infection in African descendants (recessive, OR=2.92; 95% CI: 1.22-6.98, P=0.016). These results are discussed in the context of the different ethnic background of the studied individuals highlighting the influence of this genetic/ethnic background on the susceptibility to HIV infection and HIV/HCV co-infection in Brazilian individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bruno Paiva Dos Santos
- Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; INSERM U1026, Tissue Bioengineering, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux F-33076, France
| | | | - Vanessa Suñé Mattevi
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Eduardo Sprinz
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Regina Kuhmmer
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - José Artur Bogo Chies
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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4
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Zahedi N, Abedian Kenari S, Mohseni S, Aslani N, Ansari S, Badali H. Is human Dectin-1 Y238X gene polymorphism related to susceptibility to recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis? Curr Med Mycol 2016; 2:15-19. [PMID: 28681024 PMCID: PMC5490285 DOI: 10.18869/acadpub.cmm.2.3.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Vulvovaginal candidiasis is a frequent disease affecting approximately more than %75 of all childbearing women at least once in their lifetime by overgrowth of opportunistic Candida species. Recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC) is common in otherwise healthy individuals. Several risk factors were reported to contribute to RVVC susceptibility. A polymorphism in Dectin-1 (Y238X, rs16910526 ) was identified in patients with RVVC and hypothesized that genetic factors play an important role in susceptibility to RVVC. Herein, we aimed to survey the polymorphisms in the Dectin-1 gene, linked to susceptibility to RVVC. Materials and Methods: In the current study, blood samples were obtained from 25 patients who had frequent vulvovaginal candidiasis relapses and were diagnosed as RVVC. In addition, blood cultures were obtained from control group comprising of healthy individuals (n=25) with no history of RVVC, vaginal discharge, or itching on the day of examination. Dectin-1 Y238X gene polymorphism was investigated using Bi-PASA and DNA sequencing. Results: The analysis revealed that all of the patients were wild-type homozygous for Dectin-1 Y238X polymorphisms. None of the individuals showed heterozygous or mutant homozygous Dectin-1 polymorphism. Conclusion: No significant correlations were observed between the susceptibility to RVVC and Dectin-1 Y238X polymorphism in the Iranian population, which was not previously studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Zahedi
- Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - S Abedian Kenari
- Immunogenetics Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - S Mohseni
- Department of Microbiology, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran
| | - N Aslani
- Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - S Ansari
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - H Badali
- Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Invasive Fungi Research Centre (IFRC), School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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Características clínicas e frequência de polimorfismos em TLR4 em pacientes brasileiros com espondilite anquilosante. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE REUMATOLOGIA 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbr.2016.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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Machado NP, Nogueira E, Oseki K, Ebbing PCC, Origassa CST, Mohovic T, Câmara NOS, Pinheiro MDM. Clinical characteristics and frequency of TLR4 polymorphisms in Brazilian patients with ankylosing spondylitis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 56:432-440. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbre.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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7
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Ceesay MM, Kordasti S, Rufaie E, Lea N, Smith M, Wade J, Douiri A, Mufti GJ, Pagliuca A. Baseline cytokine profiling identifies novel risk factors for invasive fungal disease among haematology patients undergoing intensive chemotherapy or haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. J Infect 2016; 73:280-8. [PMID: 27343564 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2016.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2016] [Revised: 04/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Invasive fungal disease (IFD) is a disease of immunocompromised hosts. Cytokines are important mediators of innate and adaptive immune system. The aim of this study was to identify cytokine profiles that correlate with increased risk of IFD. METHODS We prospectively enrolled 172 adult haematology patients undergoing intensive chemotherapy, immunosuppressive therapy, and haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Pro-inflammatory cytokine profiling using 30-plex Luminex assay was performed at baseline and during treatment. Nine single nucleotide polymorphisms (TLR1, TLR2, TLR3, TLR4.1, TLR4.2, TLR6, CLEC7A, CARD9, and INFG) were investigated among transplant recipients and donors. FINDINGS The incidence of IFD in this cohort was 16.9% (29/172). Median baseline serum concentrations of IL-15, IL-2R, CCL2, and MIP-1α were significantly higher whilst IL-4 was lower in patients with proven/probable IFD compared to those with no evidence of IFD. Baseline high IL-2R and CCL2 were associated with increased risk of IFD in the multivariate analysis (adjusted hazard ratio 2.3 [95% CI 1.1-5.1; P = 0.037], and hazard ratio 2.7 [95% CI 1.2-6.1; P = 0.016], respectively). However, these differences were not significant in follow up measurements. Similarly, no significant independent prognostic value was associated with baseline cytokine profile. INTERPRETATION High baseline IL-2R and CCL2 concentrations were independent indicators of the risk of developing IFD and could be used to identify patients for enhanced prophylaxis and early antifungal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mansour Ceesay
- Department of Haematological Medicine, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, SE5 9RS, United Kingdom.
| | - Shahram Kordasti
- Department of Haematological Medicine, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, SE5 9RS, United Kingdom
| | - Eamaan Rufaie
- Department of Haematological Medicine, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, SE5 9RS, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas Lea
- Department of Haematological Medicine, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, SE5 9RS, United Kingdom
| | - Melvyn Smith
- Department of Virology, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, SE5 9RS, United Kingdom
| | - Jim Wade
- Department of Microbiology, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, SE5 9RS, United Kingdom
| | - Abdel Douiri
- Department of Public Health Science, King's College London and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
| | - Ghulam J Mufti
- Department of Haematological Medicine, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, SE5 9RS, United Kingdom
| | - Antonio Pagliuca
- Department of Haematological Medicine, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, SE5 9RS, United Kingdom
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8
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De Luca A, Carvalho A, Cunha C, Iannitti RG, Pitzurra L, Giovannini G, Mencacci A, Bartolommei L, Moretti S, Massi-Benedetti C, Fuchs D, De Bernardis F, Puccetti P, Romani L. IL-22 and IDO1 affect immunity and tolerance to murine and human vaginal candidiasis. PLoS Pathog 2013; 9:e1003486. [PMID: 23853597 PMCID: PMC3708875 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1003486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2012] [Accepted: 05/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability to tolerate Candida albicans, a human commensal of the gastrointestinal tract and vagina, implicates that host defense mechanisms of resistance and tolerance cooperate to limit fungal burden and inflammation at the different body sites. We evaluated resistance and tolerance to the fungus in experimental and human vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) as well as in recurrent VVC (RVVC). Resistance and tolerance mechanisms were both activated in murine VVC, involving IL-22 and IL-10-producing regulatory T cells, respectively, with a major contribution by the enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1). IDO1 was responsible for the production of tolerogenic kynurenines, such that replacement therapy with kynurenines restored immunoprotection to VVC. In humans, two functional genetic variants in IL22 and IDO1 genes were found to be associated with heightened resistance to RVVC, and they correlated with increased local expression of IL-22, IDO1 and kynurenines. Thus, IL-22 and IDO1 are crucial in balancing resistance with tolerance to Candida, their deficiencies are risk factors for RVVC, and targeting tolerance via therapeutic kynurenines may benefit patients with RVVC.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Candida albicans/drug effects
- Candida albicans/immunology
- Candida albicans/isolation & purification
- Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal/genetics
- Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal/immunology
- Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal/metabolism
- Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal/microbiology
- Female
- Genetic Association Studies
- Genetic Variation
- Humans
- Immune Tolerance/drug effects
- Immunity, Mucosal/drug effects
- Immunologic Factors/metabolism
- Immunologic Factors/therapeutic use
- Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase/genetics
- Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase/metabolism
- Interleukin-10/biosynthesis
- Interleukins/biosynthesis
- Interleukins/genetics
- Kynurenine/metabolism
- Kynurenine/therapeutic use
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, SCID
- Recurrence
- Severe Combined Immunodeficiency/drug therapy
- Severe Combined Immunodeficiency/immunology
- Severe Combined Immunodeficiency/physiopathology
- Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/drug effects
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/metabolism
- Interleukin-22
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella De Luca
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Roma, Italy, Italy
| | - Agostinho Carvalho
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Cristina Cunha
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Rossana G. Iannitti
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Lucia Pitzurra
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
- Microbiology, S. Maria della Misericordia Medical Center, Perugia, Italy
| | - Gloria Giovannini
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Antonella Mencacci
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
- Microbiology, S. Maria della Misericordia Medical Center, Perugia, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Bartolommei
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Silvia Moretti
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Cristina Massi-Benedetti
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | | | - Paolo Puccetti
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Luigina Romani
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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TLR4 inactivation protects from graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Cell Mol Immunol 2012; 10:165-75. [PMID: 23262974 DOI: 10.1038/cmi.2012.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is the most common complication after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. To clarify the role of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), which is a major receptor for bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS), in the development of acute GVHD, we used a TLR4-knockout (TLR4(-/-)) mouse GVHD model and analyzed the underlying immunological mechanisms. When TLR4(-/-) mice were used as bone marrow and splenocyte cell graft donors or recipients, GVHD symptom occurrence and mortality were delayed compared to wild-type (TLR4(+/+)) mice. In addition, histopathological analyses revealed that in TLR4(-/-)→BALB/c chimeras, liver and small intestine tissue damage was reduced with minimal lymphocytic infiltration. In contrast to TLR4(+/+), TLR4(-/-) mice dendritic cells did not express CD80, CD86, CD40, MHC-II or IL-12 during LPS induction and remained in an immature state. Furthermore, the ability of TLR4(-/-) mice spleen dendritic cells to promote allogeneic T-cell proliferation and, in particular, T-helper cell 1 (Th1) development was obviously attenuated compared with TLR4(+/+) mice dendritic cells, and the levels of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and IL-10, Th2-cell specific cytokines, were significantly higher in the serum of TLR4(-/-)→BALB/c than in TLR4(+/+)→BALB/c chimeric mice. Overall, our data revealed that TLR4 may play a role in the pathogenesis of GVHD and that targeted TLR4 gene therapy might provide a new treatment approach to reduce the risk of GVHD.
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10
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Lack of association of TLR4 polymorphisms with susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis: a meta-analysis. Joint Bone Spine 2012; 79:566-9. [PMID: 22717291 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2012.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2011] [Accepted: 02/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to determine whether polymorphisms of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) confer susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS). METHODS A meta-analysis was conducted on the association between the D299G/T399I polymorphisms and RA/AS (when available) using (1) the allelic contrast, (2) the recessive, (3) the dominant, and (4) the additive models. RESULTS A total of eleven relevant studies met the inclusion criteria were identified, including RA: D299G (six studies), T399I (three studies); AS: D299G (five studies), T399I (four studies). Meta-analysis was performed with fixed/random effect models. Overall, no significant RA/AS risk was found in all genetic models when all studies were pooled into the meta-analysis (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS The present study might suggest that TLR4 D299G/T399I polymorphisms are not associated with RA/AS susceptibility.
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11
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Cunha C, Giovannini G, Pierini A, Bell AS, Sorci G, Riuzzi F, Donato R, Rodrigues F, Velardi A, Aversa F, Romani L, Carvalho A. Genetically-determined hyperfunction of the S100B/RAGE axis is a risk factor for aspergillosis in stem cell transplant recipients. PLoS One 2011; 6:e27962. [PMID: 22114731 PMCID: PMC3219695 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0027962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2011] [Accepted: 10/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasive aspergillosis (IA) is a major threat to the successful outcome of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), although individual risk varies considerably. Recent evidence has established a pivotal role for a danger sensing mechanism implicating the S100B/receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) axis in antifungal immunity. The association of selected genetic variants in the S100B/RAGE axis with susceptibility to IA was investigated in 223 consecutive patients undergoing HSCT. Furthermore, studies addressing the functional consequences of these variants were performed. Susceptibility to IA was significantly associated with two distinct polymorphisms in RAGE (-374T/A) and S100B (+427C/T) genes, the relative contribution of each depended on their presence in both transplantation counterparts [patient SNPRAGE, adjusted hazard ratio (HR), 1.97; P = 0.042 and donor SNPRAGE, HR, 2.03; P = 0.047] or in donors (SNPS100B, HR, 3.15; P = 7.8e-4) only, respectively. Functional assays demonstrated a gain-of-function phenotype of both variants, as shown by the enhanced expression of inflammatory cytokines in RAGE polymorphic cells and increased S100B secretion in vitro and in vivo in the presence of the S100B polymorphism. These findings point to a relevant role of the danger sensing signaling in human antifungal immunity and highlight a possible contribution of a genetically-determined hyperfunction of the S100B/RAGE axis to susceptibility to IA in the HSCT setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Cunha
- Microbiology Section, Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Gloria Giovannini
- Microbiology Section, Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Antonio Pierini
- Division of Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Alain S. Bell
- Division of Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Guglielmo Sorci
- Anatomy Section, Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Francesca Riuzzi
- Anatomy Section, Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Rosario Donato
- Anatomy Section, Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Fernando Rodrigues
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Andrea Velardi
- Division of Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Franco Aversa
- Division of Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Luigina Romani
- Microbiology Section, Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Agostinho Carvalho
- Microbiology Section, Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- * E-mail:
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12
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dos Santos BP, Valverde JV, Rohr P, Monticielo OA, Brenol JCT, Xavier RM, Chies JAB. TLR7/8/9 polymorphisms and their associations in systemic lupus erythematosus patients from Southern Brazil. Lupus 2011; 21:302-9. [DOI: 10.1177/0961203311425522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease and can affect several organs and systems. It is characterized by high production of autoantibodies against nuclear compounds. TLR7/8/9 are responsible for nucleic acid recognition and they trigger proinflammatory responses through activation of NK-kappaB and Type I IFN production, making a bridge between the innate and the adaptative immune systems. We analyzed the frequency of TLR7 rs179008, TLR8 rs3764880, TLR9 rs5743836 and rs352140 in 370 patients with SLE and 415 healthy controls from southern Brazil. All analyses were conducted with regard to gender and ethnicity. Genotypic and allelic frequencies were different for TLR7 rs179008 (0.253 vs. 0.163, p = 0.020 and p = 0.003, OR for T allele: 1.74 CI 95% 1.12–2.70) and TLR9 rs5743836 (0.174 vs. 0.112, p = 0.045 and p = 0.017, OR for C allele: 1.59, CI 95% 0.99–2.57) between European-derived female groups. A higher frequency was observed for the presence of Anti-SSa/Ro for TRL9 rs5743836 C allele carriers (0.228 vs 0.126, Bonferroni corrected p = 0.06). No statistical differences were found for TLR9 haplotypic analyses. We suggest that TLR7 rs179008 and TLR9 rs5743836 can be considered SLE susceptibility factors for women of European descent in our population.
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Affiliation(s)
- BP dos Santos
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - JV Valverde
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - P Rohr
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - OA Monticielo
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - JCT Brenol
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - RM Xavier
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - JAB Chies
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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The rs5743836 polymorphism in TLR9 confers a population-based increased risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Genes Immun 2011; 13:197-201. [PMID: 21866115 DOI: 10.1038/gene.2011.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) has been associated with immunological defects, chronic inflammatory and autoimmune conditions. Given the link between immune dysfunction and NHL, genetic variants in toll-like receptors (TLRs) have been regarded as potential predictive factors of susceptibility to NHL. Adequate anti-tumoral responses are known to depend on TLR9 function, such that the use of its synthetic ligand is being targeted as a therapeutic strategy. We investigated the association between the functional rs5743836 polymorphism in the TLR9 promoter and risk for B-cell NHL and its major subtypes in three independent case-control association studies from Portugal (1160 controls, 797 patients), Italy (468 controls, 494 patients) and the US (972 controls, 868 patients). We found that the rs5743836 polymorphism was significantly overtransmitted in both Portuguese (odds ratio (OR), 1.85; P=7.3E-9) and Italian (OR, 1.84; P=6.0E-5) and not in the US cohort of NHL patients. Moreover, the increased transcriptional activity of TLR9 in mononuclear cells from patients harboring rs5743836 further supports a functional effect of this polymorphism on NHL susceptibility in a population-dependent manner.
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Bhuvanendran S, Hussin HM, Meran LP, Anthony AA, Zhang L, Burch LH, Phua KK, Ismail A, Balaram P. Toll-like receptor 4 Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile polymorphisms and typhoid susceptibility in Asian Malay population in Malaysia. Microbes Infect 2011; 13:844-51. [PMID: 21612766 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2011.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2011] [Revised: 04/10/2011] [Accepted: 04/18/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Typhoid fever is a major health problem with frequent outbreaks in Kelantan, Malaysia. Prevalence of TLR4 gene polymorphisms varies with ethnic groups (0-20%) and predisposean individual to gram-negative infections. The prevalence rate of TLR4 Asp299Gly and Thr399lle polymorphisms in the Malay population or the influence of these on typhoid fever susceptibility is not yet reported. 250 normal and 304 susceptible Malay individuals were investigated for these polymorphisms using allele-specific PCR and analysed for its association with typhoid fever susceptibility. The total prevalence of polymorphisms in the normal population was 4.8% in comparison to 12.5% in the susceptible population (p = 0.002). An increased frequency of both polymorphisms was observed in the susceptible population (p < 0.01) with no homozygous mutants observed. Co-segregation was observed in 2% of controls and 3.6% of the susceptible individuals. This study, for the first time, reports the prevalence of TLR4 gene polymorphisms in the Malay population and suggests that these polymorphisms confer a higher risk for typhoid, infection. The higher incidence of typhoid fever in Kelantan could be attributed to the higher percentage of Malays (95%) in this state. In order to reduce the incidence of this disease, people with these polymorphisms, can be prioritised for prophylactic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saatheeyavaane Bhuvanendran
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
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Dectin-1 Y238X polymorphism associates with susceptibility to invasive aspergillosis in hematopoietic transplantation through impairment of both recipient- and donor-dependent mechanisms of antifungal immunity. Blood 2010; 116:5394-402. [PMID: 20807886 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2010-04-279307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The C-type lectin receptor Dectin-1 plays a pivotal role in antifungal immunity. In this study, the recently characterized human DECTIN1 Y238X early stop codon polymorphism leading to diminished Dectin-1 receptor activity was studied in relation to invasive aspergillosis susceptibility and severity in patients receiving hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. We found that the presence of the DECTIN1 Y238X polymorphism in either donors or recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation increased susceptibility to aspergillosis, with the risk being highest when the polymorphism was present simultaneously in both donors and recipients (adjusted hazard ratio = 3.9; P = .005). Functionally, the Y238X polymorphism impaired the production of interferon-γ and interleukin-10 (IL-10), in addition to IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17A, by human peripheral mononuclear cells and Dectin-1 on human epithelial cells contributed to fungal recognition. Mechanistically, studies on preclinical models of infection in intact or bone marrow-transplanted Dectin-1 knockout mice revealed that protection from infection requires a distinct, yet complementary, role of both donor and recipient Dectin-1. This study discloses Dectin-1 deficiency as a novel susceptibility factor for aspergillosis in high-risk patients and identifies a previously unsuspected role for Dectin-1 in antifungal immunity that is the ability to control both resistance and tolerance to the fungus contingent on hematopoietic/nonhematopoietic compartmentalization.
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Lack of association of TLR4 gene Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile polymorphisms with rheumatoid arthritis in Chinese Han population of Yunnan Province. Rheumatol Int 2010; 30:1249-52. [PMID: 20306049 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-010-1400-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2009] [Accepted: 02/27/2010] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation of synovium and subsequent joint destruction. Recently, genetic polymorphisms within the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) genes have been reported to be associated with RA. To analyze the association between the genetic polymorphisms within TLR4 gene and the susceptibility to RA in Chinese people, two functional variants, Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile, in the TLR4 gene were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and direct sequencing techniques from 213 RA patients and 247 ethnically matched controls. None polymorphisms of Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile were detected in all RA cases and controls, which indicates that there is no relevance between these two SNPs and RA in the Chinese Han population. Further studies with extended single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) should be performed.
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Prognostic significance of genetic variants in the IL-23/Th17 pathway for the outcome of T cell-depleted allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2010; 45:1645-52. [PMID: 20173782 DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2010.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
T helper (Th) 17 cells have emerged as important mediators in infectious and inflammatory diseases and, recently, in transplant rejection. We analyzed the associations between five common genetic variants in the IL-23/Th17 signaling pathway, namely in IL17A, IL17F and IL23R genes, and clinical outcome in T cell-depleted allogeneic SCT (allo-SCT). In the multivariate analysis, variants in IL23R and IL17A genes were the most important prognostic factors. Thus, patient GA genotype at rs11209026 in IL23R was associated with improved overall survival (hazard ratio (HR)=0.48; P=0.028) and, in donor, with decreased risk of fungal infections (P=0.05). In contrast, patient TC and CC genotypes at rs8193036 in IL17A gene were associated with increased risk of CMV infection (HR=3.68; P=0.011) and patient acute GVHD (HR=7.08; P=0.008), respectively. These results suggest that genetic variants in the IL-23/Th17 inflammatory pathway are important prognostic factors for the clinical outcome of allo-SCT. Although validation studies are ultimately required, our results would suggest the potential usefulness of IL-23/Th17 genotyping in donor selection and patient evaluation.
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Zheng B, Wei C, Shou T, Li Q, Yang M, Yi L, Zhou R, Shao J, Xiao C. A unique display of toll-like receptor 4 Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile polymorphisms in non-Han Chinese Hani population. Int J Immunogenet 2010; 37:43-6. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-313x.2009.00878.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Carvalho A, Cunha C, Carotti A, Aloisi T, Guarrera O, Di Ianni M, Falzetti F, Bistoni F, Aversa F, Pitzurra L, Rodrigues F, Romani L. Polymorphisms in Toll-like receptor genes and susceptibility to infections in allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Exp Hematol 2009; 37:1022-9. [PMID: 19539691 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2009.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2008] [Revised: 04/29/2009] [Accepted: 06/09/2009] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Discovery of genetic variations in the genes encoding for Toll-like receptors (TLRs) has highlighted a potential link between genomic variation of the host and susceptibility to infections. MATERIALS AND METHODS We investigated the association between polymorphisms in the TLR2, TLR4, and TLR9 genes in recipients of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant and susceptibility to infections caused by cytomegalovirus and filamentous fungi. RESULTS A significant association was observed between the presence of the T-1237C polymorphism (TLR9) and susceptibility to viral pneumonia (p=0.04; odds ratio [OR]: 1.73). For fungi, a significant association was observed between the presence of the cosegregating Asp299Gly/Thr399Ile polymorphisms (TLR4) and fungal colonization (p=0.003; OR: 10.6). However, susceptibility to fungal infections, predominantly fungal pneumonia, was instead significantly decreased in the presence of the same polymorphisms (p=0.03; OR: 0.23). CONCLUSION Thus, fungal colonization may not predict susceptibility to infection in the presence of these single nucleotide polymorphisms. The finding that defective viral but not fungal sensing may predict susceptibility to infection highlights the divergent function of TLRs in the pathogenesis of opportunistic infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agostinho Carvalho
- Microbiology, Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
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Rey G, Skowronek F, Alciaturi J, Alonso J, Bertoni B, Sapiro R. Toll receptor 4 Asp299Gly polymorphism and its association with preterm birth and premature rupture of membranes in a South American population. Mol Hum Reprod 2008; 14:555-9. [PMID: 18723631 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gan049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Preterm birth (PTB) is a worldwide health problem and remains the leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality. Systemic and local intrauterine infections have been implicated in the pathogenesis of preterm labor and delivery. Common pathways between PTB, premature rupture of ovular membranes (PROM) and altered molecular routes of inflammation have been proposed. There is evidence to support a genetic component in these conditions. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a component of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria, is thought to play a key role in eliciting an inflammatory response. LPS is recognized by proteins of the innate immune system, including Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Individuals from some European countries carrying the variant alleles resulting in an amino acid substitution (Asp299Gly) are at increased risk of Gram-negative infections and premature birth. The objective of this study was to determine if preterm newborns have different allele frequency of the Asp299Gly TLR4 variant from healthy term neonates in Uruguay. The impact of PROM was also examined. There was an increase in the risk for fetuses carrying the Asp299Gly substitution in TLR4 of being severely premature (<33 weeks) and to present PROM at the same time.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Rey
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Reproduction, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Gral. Flores 2125, CP 11800 Montevideo, Uruguay
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High-throughput microtiter well-based bioluminometric genotyping of two single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the toll-like receptor-4 gene. Anal Biochem 2008; 376:235-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2008.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2007] [Revised: 02/12/2008] [Accepted: 02/12/2008] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Carvalho A, Pasqualotto AC, Pitzurra L, Romani L, Denning DW, Rodrigues F. Polymorphisms in toll-like receptor genes and susceptibility to pulmonary aspergillosis. J Infect Dis 2008; 197:618-21. [PMID: 18275280 DOI: 10.1086/526500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are important components of innate immunity. We investigated the association between polymorphisms in the TLR2, TLR4, and TLR9 genes and susceptibility to noninvasive forms of pulmonary aspergillosis. A significant association was observed between allele G on Asp299Gly (TLR4) and chronic cavitary pulmonary aspergillosis (odds ratio [OR], 3.46; P =.003). Susceptibility to allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis was associated with allele C on T-1237C (TLR9) (OR, 2.49; P =. 043). No particular polymorphism was associated with severe asthma with fungal sensitization. These findings reinforce the importance of innate immunity in the pathogenesis of different forms of aspergillosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Carvalho
- School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
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Carvalho A, Santos M, Maciel P, Rodrigues F. T-1237C polymorphism of TLR9 gene is not associated with multiple sclerosis in the Portuguese population. Mult Scler 2008; 14:550-2. [PMID: 18208876 DOI: 10.1177/1352458507084594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system, with disturbances of the immunological balance. As TLR9-null mice showed increased resistance to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and recent genetic investigations showed that T-1237C promoter polymorphism of TLR9, commonly implicated in autoimmune diseases, induces a deregulation of its expression, we performed an association study in a Portuguese population of 165 MS patients and unrelated healthy controls. Our results show no significant association with MS and no protective effect of T-1237C concerning age of onset, disease severity or disease subtype in MS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Carvalho
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
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