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Povod M, Mykhalko O, Kyselov O, Opara V, Andreychuk V, Samokhina Y. Effects of various pre-slaughter weights on the physico-chemical qualities of pig meat. J Adv Vet Anim Res 2021; 8:521-533. [PMID: 34722752 PMCID: PMC8520149 DOI: 10.5455/javar.2021.h542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The article aimed to study the relationship between the physico-chemical qualities of pig meat and their pre-slaughter weights. Materials and Methods: In this study, 60 pigs were reared for fattening under the same conditions of keeping and feeding, slaughtered, and used to sample the longest back muscle meat with pre-slaughter weights of 110 and 130 kg. The samples were evaluated according to generally accepted methods for assessing the physico-chemical qualities in pig meat. Results: Samples of meat from animals slaughtered at 130 kg had higher values for marbling – by 2.0 points or 5.24% (p < 0.01), active acidity pH in ham muscles – by 0.20 pH or 3.57% (p < 0.01), and the longest muscle of the back – by 0.10 pH or 1.82% (p < 0.001). The pre-slaughter weight factor substantially affected the pH of ham muscles at 10.35% and on the marbling of meat in the longest back muscle at 13.31%. Pigs slaughtered at 110 kg had a greater increase in the color intensity of the meat and an increase in its water holding capacity. At a pre-slaughter weight of 130 kg, increasing the marbling and decreasing the softness of the flesh demonstrated a modest, adverse relationship. Conclusion: The findings support the use of pre-slaughter weight management to enhance pork quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mykola Povod
- Department of Feed Technology and Animal Feeding, Sumy National Agrarian University, Sumy, Ukraine
| | - Olekasndr Mykhalko
- Department of Feed Technology and Animal Feeding, Sumy National Agrarian University, Sumy, Ukraine
| | - Oleksandr Kyselov
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Sumy National Agrarian University, Sumy, Ukraine
| | - Victor Opara
- Department of Feed Technology and Animal Feeding, Sumy National Agrarian University, Sumy, Ukraine
| | - Valery Andreychuk
- Department of Technology of Livestock Production of Polesie National University, Zhytomyr, Ukraine
| | - Yevheniia Samokhina
- Department of Breeding and Selection of Animals and Water Bioresources, Sumy National Agrarian University, Sumy, Ukraine
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Ortiz A, Tejerina D, García-Torres S, Gaspar P, González E. Performance and carcass quality traits of Iberian × Duroc crossbred pig subject to gender and age at the beginning of the free-range finishing phase. Animal 2021; 15:100324. [PMID: 34340142 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2021.100324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The traditional production of the Iberian breed pig involves a long production cycle. It might be shortened by using Iberian pigs crossed with Duroc and by reducing the growing phase, but the age-related changes on productive performance and carcass quality should be addressed. Thus, productive performance, live measurements and carcass and primal cut traits were evaluated on Iberian × Duroc 50:50 crossed pigs according to animal age at the beginning of the free-range finishing phase (Montanera): 10, 12 and 14 months old (IBxD10 (n = 15), IBxD12 (n = 17) and IBxD14 (n = 18) animal batches, respectively) and gender (immunologically castrated female -consisted of the Improvac® vaccination- and surgically castrated males). During the growing period, animals were fed with restrictions; 1.49, 1.29 and 1.20 ± 0.023 (mean ± SEM) kg/day of commercial feeds to start Montanera with similar BW; 103.9, 102.9 and 102.1 ± 0.22 kg, for IBxD10, IBxD12 and IBxD14, respectively. IBxD14 animals yielded the highest average daily gain (ADG) and BW after Montanera, as well as larger rump height and croup width. In contrast, these animals had the lowest carcass yield. Although animals from IBxD10 yielded hams of inferior size, this could be of interest to the sector, as there is a certain segment of the market that demands hams of smaller size and, generally, this is difficult to obtain with the traditional Montanera production system. The gender had no major effects on performance and carcass and primal cut traits, so both immunologically castrated female and surgically castrated males are suitable for finishing in Montanera.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ortiz
- Meat Quality Area, Centre of Scientific and Technological Research of Extremadura (CICYTEX-La Orden), Junta de Extremadura, Ctra A-V, Km372, Guadajira, 06187 Badajoz, Spain
| | - D Tejerina
- Meat Quality Area, Centre of Scientific and Technological Research of Extremadura (CICYTEX-La Orden), Junta de Extremadura, Ctra A-V, Km372, Guadajira, 06187 Badajoz, Spain.
| | - S García-Torres
- Meat Quality Area, Centre of Scientific and Technological Research of Extremadura (CICYTEX-La Orden), Junta de Extremadura, Ctra A-V, Km372, Guadajira, 06187 Badajoz, Spain
| | - P Gaspar
- Department of Animal Production and Food Science, Research Institute of Agricultural Resources (INURA), University of Extremadura, Avda. Adolfo Suarez, s/n, 06007 Badajoz, Spain
| | - E González
- Department of Animal Production and Food Science, Research Institute of Agricultural Resources (INURA), University of Extremadura, Avda. Adolfo Suarez, s/n, 06007 Badajoz, Spain
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Allison JRD, da Silva CA, Callegari MA, Dias CP, de Souza KLL, de Oliveira ER, Peloso JV, Poleze E, Mah CK, Lin D, Aldaz A. Immunization against gonadotropin-releasing factor (GnRF) in market gilts: Effect on growth and carcass parameters, and impact of immunization timing. Res Vet Sci 2021; 136:127-137. [PMID: 33609970 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Reproductive cycling in fattening gilts can be associated with undesirable effects, such as estrus-related aggressive behavior, reduced feed intake and, in production systems where gilts are co-housed with entire males, unwanted pregnancy. Immunization against Gonadotrophin Releasing Factor (IM) can temporarily suppress ovarian activity, including related negative consequences on animal welfare and productivity. Feed intake has been shown to be higher after IM, resulting in both increased growth and increased carcass fat. A series of studies was conducted to confirm these effects on production and look at their dynamics over time. Three trials were performed to a similar design, each involving 240 gilts divided into 4 experimental groups at 12 weeks of age. One group remained untreated while the others had the two dose, IM course completed 8, 6 or 4 weeks before harvest, which was on a single day at 24, 25 or 26 weeks of age depending on the study. Feed intake was measured daily and bodyweight weekly, allowing growth parameters to be calculated on a weekly basis and for specific longer periods. Carcass weight, backfat depth and lean meat percentage were recorded at harvest. No effects were observed before the second application of the immunological product (V2) and completion of the IM course. Starting in the second week after V2 all IM groups showed a marked and consistent increase in Average Daily Feed Intake (ADFI), typically peaking at over 120% of the control group 3 to 4 weeks after V2 and then slowly declining, but still remaining elevated at 8 weeks. Weekly Average Daily Gain (ADG) showed a similar pattern but with a faster decline, resulting in the initially favorable impact on feed efficiency becoming less favorable as the V2 to harvest interval (V2H) progressed. Carcass weights were higher in IM gilts and backfat depths were greater, with the effects increasing with increasing V2H. Correspondingly, carcass lean meat percentage tended to decrease, although the higher carcass weights meant that the absolute weight of lean meat remained similar or higher. Carcass yield was generally unaffected by IM, but some between-group differences were statistically significant, and it is possible that different factors predominated at different times after V2, creating a complex relationship with V2H duration. The optimum IM protocol will depend on local conditions and production objectives but, as a generalization and assuming ad libitum feeding, a shorter V2H will favor efficient growth, while a longer duration will maximize carcass changes, such as increased fat coverage. It is suggested that the growth performance changes seen after IM in gilts might be viewed as a process of adjustment to a heavier and fatter target body type.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - C A da Silva
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
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4
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Dalmau A, Martínez-Macipe M, Manteca X, Mainau E. Sex Differences in Group Composition and Habitat Use of Iberian Free-Range Pigs. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:600259. [PMID: 33344534 PMCID: PMC7744786 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.600259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present work was to study group size, group composition and habitat use of Iberian pigs along the year when reared outdoor. This consists of a regimen in which animals are reared free range from 2 months of age until at least 14 months of age. In a first stage, animals are supplemented with concentrates, and in a second, called montanera, pigs eat just natural resources in areas with no more than two pigs per hectare. In these systems, males are castrated to avoid boar taint and females spayed to avoid the attraction and mounting by wild boars. The study was carried out in five different farms allocated in the south-west of Spain during 2 consecutive years, from March 2012 to February 2014, under the montanera regimen, and with a total of 995 animals observed (498 males and 497 females). The data were analyzed with SAS by means of general models and proc mixed. Mean group size along the year was of 17 ± 12.9 individuals, but this was significantly lower (P < 0.05) during the montanera (12 ± 0.8) and at midday (13 ± 0.8). Groups were bigger (P < 0.05) when they were more than 50 m from a tree (23 ± 1.8), or <10 m from the shelter (25 ± 1.5), the feeding area (31 ± 3.1) and the water-bath area (25 ± 1.5). Nine percent of the groups were solitary animals, being higher (P = 0.0286) during the montanera (11%) than the rest of the year (8%) and being formed in 68% by males. Males were less involved in mixed groups than were females (75% vs. 91%), especially in spring, where the largest (P < 0.0001) male groups were found. Female groups were less frequent and smaller (P < 0.0001) than were male and mixed groups. In conclusion, although males were castrated at a very young age, they showed a different behavior than females, forming in bachelor groups during the spring and being less involved in mixed groups and with more solitary animals. During the montanera, when animals were feeding on acorns and other natural resources, groups were smaller and closer to the trees, solitary males reaching a maximum percent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoni Dalmau
- Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Animal Welfare Program, Girona, Spain
| | - Míriam Martínez-Macipe
- Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Animal Welfare Program, Girona, Spain
| | - Xavier Manteca
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Veterinary School, Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Eva Mainau
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Veterinary School, Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
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Auqui SM, Egea M, Peñaranda I, Garrido MD, Linares MB. Rustic Chato Murciano pig breed: Effect of the weight on carcass and meat quality. Meat Sci 2019; 156:105-110. [PMID: 31150937 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2019.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Carcass and meat quality parameters of two different weights of pigs from the rustic breed Chato Murciano (Murcia Region, south-eastern Spain) were studied: light weight (LW, 147.98 ± 3.78 kg live weight) and heavy weight (HW, 176.07 ± 4.78 kg live weight). No weight-dependent effects were observed on carcass quality (carcass yield, length, back fat thickness) or on moisture, pH, and the L* and a* coordinates. The HW group had a higher fat content and cholesterol values than the LW group. None of the fatty acids analysed in the respective meats showed differences between groups (P > .05), except C16:0, C18:2 and C18:3. The HW group had higher values for unsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids and the n6/n3 index than LW, and lower values for saturated fat and the Saturated/Polyunsaturated fat ratio and a lower Atherogenesis Index. In conclusion, meat and fat quality are influenced by the final live weight of Chato Murciano pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Auqui
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Murcia, Espinardo 30071, Murcia, Spain
| | - M Egea
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Murcia, Espinardo 30071, Murcia, Spain
| | - I Peñaranda
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Murcia, Espinardo 30071, Murcia, Spain
| | - M D Garrido
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Murcia, Espinardo 30071, Murcia, Spain
| | - M B Linares
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Murcia, Espinardo 30071, Murcia, Spain.
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6
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Meat quality traits in longissimus lumborum and gluteus medius muscles from immunocastrated and surgically castrated Iberian pigs. Meat Sci 2019; 150:77-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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7
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Xue Y, Zheng W, Zhang F, Rao S, Peng Z, Yao W. Effect of immunocastration on growth performance, gonadal development and carcass and meat quality of SuHuai female pigs. ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1071/an16733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The present study was aimed to compare growth performance, gonadal development, carcass characteristic and meat quality among SuHuai entire, immunocastrated and surgically castrated female pigs. Eighty 12-week-old SuHuai gilts were randomly assigned to the following four treatment groups with four pigs per pen and five replicate pens per treatment: control (PBS injection), two-dose Improvac regimen (V2), three-dose Improvac regimen (V3) and surgical castration (S). All pigs had ad libitum access to standard diets and water. The performance and occurrence of oestrus were recorded in the trial. Backfat thickness and loin eye muscle area were recorded ultrasonically. The pigs were slaughtered to measure the weight and size of the uterus, and the weight and activity of the ovaries, to determine the serum concentrations of progesterone, and to evaluate the quality of carcass and meat. There were no significant differences in growth performance among the four groups, except for the V2, which had a better average daily feed intake (P < 0.05). Carcass and meat quality were comparable among the four groups; however, the intramuscular fat in control was higher than the V2 and V3 (P < 0.01). Mean ovary and uterus weights and oestrus of female pigs in V2 and V3 were significantly (P < 0.01) lower than in control, but the difference between the V2 and V3 was not significant. The concentration of progesterone in the control was significantly higher than that in the V2, V3 and S (P < 0.05). These results indicated that immunocastration successfully suppressed gonadal development and had no adverse effects on growth performance, or carcass or meat-quality traits in Chinese SuHuai female pigs.
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Latorre MA, Olivares A, Callejo A, Rey AI, Pérez-Ciria L, López Bote CJ, Daza A. A comparison of female and castrate pigs slaughtered at weights above and below 120 kg on carcass traits, intramuscular fat and fatty acid composition of carcasses intended for dry-cured ham and shoulder production. ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1071/an18267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this trial was to study the impact of slaughter weight (SW) class: heavy (≥120 kg) or light (<120 kg) on carcass fatness, development of main lean cuts and fat composition in barrows and gilts intended for dry-cured ham and shoulder elaboration. A total of 181 Duroc × (Landrace × Large White) pigs was used, being 94 barrows and 87 gilts. Carcasses from barrows had lower ham compactness but higher shoulder:ham weight ratio than those from gilts. The allometric growth coefficient of ham was higher in gilts whereas those for shoulder, loin and shoulder/ham were higher in barrows. An interaction sex × SW class was found for carcass fatness; the increase of fat thickness was higher in barrows than in gilts in light SW class but higher in gilts than in barrows in heavy SW class. In addition, the allometric growth coefficients for ham, loin and shoulder:ham ratio were higher in light than in heavy pigs. Percentage of rejected carcasses at slaughterhouse, due to lack of fat thickness, was higher for females than for barrows and for light than for heavy pigs. Sex and SW class had no effect on intramuscular fat content. However, more saturation was found in fat (intramuscular) from barrows and in that (subcutaneous) from light pigs. It can be concluded that carcasses from barrows are commercially more suitable than those from gilts and heavy SW might be more interesting when animals are intended for Teruel dry-cured ham and shoulder production.
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9
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Daza A, Latorre M, Olivares A, López Bote C. The effects of male and female immunocastration on growth performances and carcass and meat quality of pigs intended for dry-cured ham production: A preliminary study. Livest Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2016.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Tartrakoon W, Tartrakoon T, Kitsupee N. Effects of the ratio of unsaturated fatty acid to saturated fatty acid on the growth performance, carcass and meat quality of finishing pigs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 2:79-85. [PMID: 29767086 PMCID: PMC5941031 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The effects on finishing pigs (80–100 kg BW) fed diets supplemented with oil sources containing different ratios of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids (UFA:SFA ratio) were evaluated in 15 barrows and 15 gilts (Duroc × Large White × Landrace). Three experimental diets were evaluated using a randomized complete block design, with broken rice, soybean meal and rice bran as the main feedstuffs in the control diet. Diets 2 and 3 consisted of the control diet supplemented with 3% oil, with UFA:SFA ratios of 2.5:1 and 5:1, respectively. Overall, there was no significant difference (P > 0.05) found in the average daily gain (ADG) of the pigs fed the treatment diets; however, the pigs fed the control diet and diet 3 had better (P < 0.05) feed conversion ratios (FCR) than the pigs fed diet 2. The pigs fed diets 2 and 3, which were supplemented with oil at UFA:SFA ratios of 2.5:1 and 5:1, had greater (P < 0.05) average daily feed intakes (ADFI) than the pigs in the control group. Additionally, it was found that the gender of the pigs had an effect (P < 0.05) on the FCR. Interaction effects between the experimental diets and the gender of the pigs (P < 0.05) were found in the ADFI and FCR. There were no significance differences (P > 0.05) among the treatment groups with regard to the carcass quality of the pigs; however, it was found that the gilts had greater (P < 0.01) loin eye areas than the barrows fed diets 2 and 3 and the loin eye area of pig fed diet 2 was the largest (P < 0.05). In the case of the meat quality parameters, it was clearly found that the pigs fed the control diet had a greater (P < 0.05) lightness (L∗) in the meat colour, and the lowest cooking loss was found in the pigs fed the diet supplemented with fat containing the UFA:SFA ratio of 5:1. Overall, the dietary treatment did not significantly affect the drip loss, thawing loss and shear force of the pork. In conclusion, the supplementation of oil with UFA:SFA ratios of 2.5:1 and 5:1 has the potential to improve pork quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wandee Tartrakoon
- Department of Agricultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Natural Resource and Environment, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Tinnagon Tartrakoon
- Faculty of Sciences and Agricultural Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Lanna, Phitsanulok Campus, Chiang Mai 50300, Thailand
| | - Nattporn Kitsupee
- Department of Agricultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Natural Resource and Environment, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
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Minelli G, Macchioni P, Ielo MC, Santoro P, Fiego DPL. Effects of Dietary Level of Pantothenic Acid and Sex on Carcass, Meat Quality Traits and Fatty Acid Composition of thigh Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue in Italian Heavy Pigs. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2013.e52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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12
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Martinez-Macipe M, Rodríguez P, Izquierdo M, Gispert M, Manteca X, Mainau E, Hernández F, Claret A, Guerrero L, Dalmau A. Comparison of meat quality parameters in surgical castrated versus vaccinated against gonadotrophin-releasing factor male and female Iberian pigs reared in free-ranging conditions. Meat Sci 2016; 111:116-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2015.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2015] [Revised: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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13
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Cámara L, Berrocoso JD, Fuentetaja A, López-Bote CJ, De Blas C, Mateos GG. Regrouping of pigs by body weight at weaning does not affect growth performance, carcass quality or uniformity at slaughter of heavy weight pigs. Anim Sci J 2015; 87:134-42. [PMID: 26419223 DOI: 10.1111/asj.12404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Revised: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We studied the influence of pen uniformity at weaning (7.5 ± 0.6 kg vs. 7.5 ± 1.2 kg body weight (BW ± SD)) and sex on growth performance during the nursery (7.5 to 27.3 kg BW) and the fattening (27.1 to 130.5 kg BW) phases and carcass quality of barrows and castrated females (CF). During the nursery phase, pigs from the more uniform pens had lower feed efficiency (P = 0.05) than pigs from the less uniform pens. Also, barrows had higher average daily feed intake (ADFI) (P < 0.05) and average daily gain (P < 0.001) and better feed efficiency (P < 0.001) than CF. During the fattening phase, initial pen uniformity did not affect growth performance of the pigs but barrows tended (P = 0.08) to have higher ADFI and worse feed efficiency than CF. Trimmed primal cut yield tended to be higher for the more uniform pigs and better for barrows than for CF (P = 0.09). It is concluded that regrouping of the pigs at weaning according to uniformity of BW did not affect growth performance or carcass quality of the pigs at slaughter. Castrated females might be used as an alternative to barrows for the production of carcasses destined to the dry-cured industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lourdes Cámara
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,CEI Campus Moncloa, UCM-UPM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julio Díaz Berrocoso
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Clemente José López-Bote
- CEI Campus Moncloa, UCM-UPM, Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Producción Animal, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos De Blas
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,CEI Campus Moncloa, UCM-UPM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gonzalo G Mateos
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,CEI Campus Moncloa, UCM-UPM, Madrid, Spain
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14
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Egea M, Linares MB, Garrido MD, Madrid J, Hernández F. Feeding Iberian × Duroc cross pigs with crude glycerine: Effects of diet and gender on carcass and meat quality. Meat Sci 2015; 111:78-84. [PMID: 26343013 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2015.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Revised: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Ninety (45 castrated males and 45 gilts) Iberian × Duroc pigs were used in this study. During the finishing period (95-160 kg body weight, 74 days) animals received conventional feed (control G0) or the same feed plus 5% (G5) or 10% (G10) of crude glycerine to partially replace wheat. In general, neither the diet nor gender affected ultrasound, carcass or meat quality parameters. The G10 had lower values of cooking loss and a* than the G5 and G0 groups. The fatty acids, C10:0, C12:0 and C18:3, in intramuscular fat were lower in both glycerine groups. Polyunsaturated fatty acids and 18:2 decreased and C20:0 increased at the subcutaneous fat of G10 animals. Castrated males produced carcasses with higher backfat thickness and fat content. Castrated males had a higher SFA content in subcutaneous fat than females (P<0.001). In conclusion, up to 10% crude glycerine could be used in the Iberian × Duroc diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Egea
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Murcia, Espinardo 30071, Murcia, Spain
| | - M B Linares
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Murcia, Espinardo 30071, Murcia, Spain
| | - M D Garrido
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Murcia, Espinardo 30071, Murcia, Spain.
| | - J Madrid
- Department of Animal Production, Veterinary Faculty, University of Murcia, Espinardo 30071, Murcia, Spain
| | - F Hernández
- Department of Animal Production, Veterinary Faculty, University of Murcia, Espinardo 30071, Murcia, Spain
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15
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Dalmau A, Velarde A, Rodríguez P, Pedernera C, Llonch P, Fàbrega E, Casal N, Mainau E, Gispert M, King V, Slootmans N, Thomas A, Mombarg M. Use of an anti-GnRF vaccine to suppress estrus in crossbred Iberian female pigs. Theriogenology 2015; 84:342-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Revised: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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16
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Gamero-Negrón R, Sánchez del Pulgar J, Ventanas J, García C. Immune-spaying as an alternative to surgical spaying in Iberian×Duroc females: Effect on carcass traits and meat quality characteristics. Meat Sci 2015; 99:99-103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2014.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Revised: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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17
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The effect of immunocastration and a diet based on granulated barley on growth performance and carcass, meat and fat quality in heavy gilts. Animal 2014; 8:484-93. [DOI: 10.1017/s1751731113002292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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