1
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Yassin K, Attias R, Tsur Y, Dekel DR. Identifying and Quantifying Loss Sources in Anion-Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzers. ACS ELECTROCHEMISTRY 2025; 1:655-666. [PMID: 40331012 PMCID: PMC12051194 DOI: 10.1021/acselectrochem.4c00156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2024] [Revised: 12/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2025] [Indexed: 05/08/2025]
Abstract
Anion-exchange membrane (AEM) water electrolyzers (AEMWEs) have gained significant attention for their ability to utilize precious-metal-free catalysts and environmentally friendly fluorine-free hydrocarbon polymeric membranes. In this study, we identify and quantify the sources of performance losses in operando AEMWEs using an innovative approach based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and MATLAB-based impedance spectroscopy genetic programming. Using this approach, we move beyond conventional equivalent circuit models to develop a proper and analytical model of the distribution function of relaxation times (DFRT), enabling a deeper analysis of Faradaic and non-Faradaic processes. We apply this framework to isolate the critical processes-ohmic, ionic transport, charge transfer, and mass transfer-across various conditions, including KOH concentration, dry cathode operation mode with different anode electrolytes (KOH, K2CO3, and pure water), cell temperature, and membrane type. Our results indicate a considerable performance reduction as the KOH concentration in the anode decreases, primarily due to the relatively high ionic transport resistance. Our observations show that the performance of dry cathode operation with KOH in the anode yields a comparable performance to dual-side electrolyte feeding due to sufficient water back-diffusion from the anode, which efficiently maintains cathode hydration. Conversely, using pure water as an electrolyte in the anode with a dry cathode significantly increases cell resistances and compromises ionic transport, underscoring the urgent need for highly conductive ionomeric materials and strategies. These insights indicate that using DFRT to evaluate the AEMWE operation by separating and associating the electrochemical phenomena could simplify system design while enabling more efficient generation of dry, pure hydrogen and advancing the technology toward commercial application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karam Yassin
- The
Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
- The
Nancy & Stephen Grand Technion Energy Program (GTEP), Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Rinat Attias
- The
Nancy & Stephen Grand Technion Energy Program (GTEP), Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Yoed Tsur
- The
Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
- The
Nancy & Stephen Grand Technion Energy Program (GTEP), Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Dario R. Dekel
- The
Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
- The
Nancy & Stephen Grand Technion Energy Program (GTEP), Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
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2
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Park EJ, Jannasch P, Miyatake K, Bae C, Noonan K, Fujimoto C, Holdcroft S, Varcoe JR, Henkensmeier D, Guiver MD, Kim YS. Aryl ether-free polymer electrolytes for electrochemical and energy devices. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:5704-5780. [PMID: 38666439 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00186e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Anion exchange polymers (AEPs) play a crucial role in green hydrogen production through anion exchange membrane water electrolysis. The chemical stability of AEPs is paramount for stable system operation in electrolysers and other electrochemical devices. Given the instability of aryl ether-containing AEPs under high pH conditions, recent research has focused on quaternized aryl ether-free variants. The primary goal of this review is to provide a greater depth of knowledge on the synthesis of aryl ether-free AEPs targeted for electrochemical devices. Synthetic pathways that yield polyaromatic AEPs include acid-catalysed polyhydroxyalkylation, metal-promoted coupling reactions, ionene synthesis via nucleophilic substitution, alkylation of polybenzimidazole, and Diels-Alder polymerization. Polyolefinic AEPs are prepared through addition polymerization, ring-opening metathesis, radiation grafting reactions, and anionic polymerization. Discussions cover structure-property-performance relationships of AEPs in fuel cells, redox flow batteries, and water and CO2 electrolysers, along with the current status of scale-up synthesis and commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Joo Park
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
| | | | - Kenji Miyatake
- University of Yamanashi, Kofu 400-8510, Japan
- Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Chulsung Bae
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Kevin Noonan
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Cy Fujimoto
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87123, USA
| | | | | | - Dirk Henkensmeier
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, South Korea
- KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul 02792, South Korea
- KU-KIST School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Michael D Guiver
- State Key Laboratory of Engines, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Yu Seung Kim
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
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3
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Henkensmeier D, Cho WC, Jannasch P, Stojadinovic J, Li Q, Aili D, Jensen JO. Separators and Membranes for Advanced Alkaline Water Electrolysis. Chem Rev 2024; 124:6393-6443. [PMID: 38669641 PMCID: PMC11117188 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Traditionally, alkaline water electrolysis (AWE) uses diaphragms to separate anode and cathode and is operated with 5-7 M KOH feed solutions. The ban of asbestos diaphragms led to the development of polymeric diaphragms, which are now the state of the art material. A promising alternative is the ion solvating membrane. Recent developments show that high conductivities can also be obtained in 1 M KOH. A third technology is based on anion exchange membranes (AEM); because these systems use 0-1 M KOH feed solutions to balance the trade-off between conductivity and the AEM's lifetime in alkaline environment, it makes sense to treat them separately as AEM WE. However, the lifetime of AEM increased strongly over the last 10 years, and some electrode-related issues like oxidation of the ionomer binder at the anode can be mitigated by using KOH feed solutions. Therefore, AWE and AEM WE may get more similar in the future, and this review focuses on the developments in polymeric diaphragms, ion solvating membranes, and AEM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Henkensmeier
- Hydrogen
· Fuel Cell Research Center, Korea
Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Division
of Energy & Environment Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- KU-KIST
Green School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Chul Cho
- Department
of Future Energy Convergence, Seoul National
University of Science & Technology, 232 Gongreung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01811, Korea
| | - Patric Jannasch
- Polymer
& Materials Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Qingfeng Li
- Department
of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical
University of Denmark (DTU), Fysikvej 310, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - David Aili
- Department
of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical
University of Denmark (DTU), Fysikvej 310, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jens Oluf Jensen
- Department
of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical
University of Denmark (DTU), Fysikvej 310, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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4
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Chen H, Bang KT, Tian Y, Hu C, Tao R, Yuan Y, Wang R, Shin DM, Shao M, Lee YM, Kim Y. Poly(Ethylene Piperidinium)s for Anion Exchange Membranes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202307690. [PMID: 37524652 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202307690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
The lack of anion exchange membranes (AEMs) that possess both high hydroxide conductivity and stable mechanical and chemical properties poses a major challenge to the development of high-performance fuel cells. Improving one side of the balance between conductivity and stability usually means sacrificing the other. Herein, we used facile, high-yield chemical reactions to design and synthesize a piperidinium polymer with a polyethylene backbone for AEM fuel cell applications. To improve the performance, we introduced ionic crosslinking into high-cationic-ratio AEMs to suppress high water uptake and swelling while further improving the hydroxide conductivity. Remarkably, PEP80-20PS achieved a hydroxide conductivity of 354.3 mS cm-1 at 80 °C while remaining mechanically stable. Compared with the base polymer PEP80, the water uptake of PEP80-20PS decreased by 69 % from 813 % to 350 %, and the swelling decreased substantially by 85 % from 350.0 % to 50.2 % at 80 °C. PEP80-20PS also showed excellent alkaline stability, 84.7 % remained after 35 days of treatment with an aqueous KOH solution. The chemical design in this study represents a significant advancement toward the development of simultaneously highly stable and conductive AEMs for fuel cell applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong, University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ki-Taek Bang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong, University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong, University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chuan Hu
- Department of Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Ran Tao
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong, University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yufei Yuan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong, University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong, University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Dong-Myeong Shin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Minhua Shao
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong, University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Energy Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Young Moo Lee
- Department of Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonseob Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong, University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Energy Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
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5
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Aili D, Kraglund MR, Rajappan SC, Serhiichuk D, Xia Y, Deimede V, Kallitsis J, Bae C, Jannasch P, Henkensmeier D, Jensen JO. Electrode Separators for the Next-Generation Alkaline Water Electrolyzers. ACS ENERGY LETTERS 2023; 8:1900-1910. [PMID: 37090167 PMCID: PMC10111418 DOI: 10.1021/acsenergylett.3c00185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Multi-gigawatt-scale hydrogen production by water electrolysis is central in the green transition when it comes to storage of energy and forming the basis for sustainable fuels and materials. Alkaline water electrolysis plays a key role in this context, as the scale of implementation is not limited by the availability of scarce and expensive raw materials. Even though it is a mature technology, the new technological context of the renewable energy system demands more from the systems in terms of higher energy efficiency, enhanced rate capability, as well as dynamic, part-load, and differential pressure operation capability. New electrode separators that can support high currents at small ohmic losses, while effectively suppressing gas crossover, are essential to achieving this. This Focus Review compares the three main development paths that are currently being pursued in the field with the aim to identify the advantages and drawbacks of the different approaches in order to illuminate rational ways forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Aili
- Department
of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical
University of Denmark, Elektrovej, Building 375, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Mikkel Rykær Kraglund
- Department
of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical
University of Denmark, Elektrovej, Building 375, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Sinu C. Rajappan
- Department
of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical
University of Denmark, Elektrovej, Building 375, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Dmytro Serhiichuk
- Department
of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical
University of Denmark, Elektrovej, Building 375, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Yifan Xia
- Department
of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical
University of Denmark, Elektrovej, Building 375, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Valadoula Deimede
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26504, Patras, Greece
| | - Joannis Kallitsis
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26504, Patras, Greece
| | - Chulsung Bae
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rensselaer
Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Patric Jannasch
- Polymer
& Materials Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Dirk Henkensmeier
- Hydrogen·Fuel
Cell Research Center, Korea Institute of
Science andTechnology, Seoul 02792, Republic
of Korea
- Division
of Energy & Environment Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Green School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic
of Korea
| | - Jens Oluf Jensen
- Department
of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical
University of Denmark, Elektrovej, Building 375, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark
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6
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Chen JH, Choo YSL, Wang XH, Liu YJ, Yue XB, Gao XL, Gao WT, Zhang QG, Zhu AM, Liu QL. Effects of the crown ether cavity on the performance of anion exchange membranes. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 643:62-72. [PMID: 37044014 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Anion exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs) have emerged as a promising alternative to proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) due to their adaptability to low-cost stack components and non-noble-metals catalysts. However, the poor alkaline resistance and low OH- conductivity of anion exchange membranes (AEMs) have impeded the large-scale implementation of AEMFCs. Herein, the preparation of a new type of AEMs with crown ether macrocycles in their main chains via a one-pot superacid catalyzed reaction was reported. The study aimed to examine the influence of crown ether cavity size on the phase separation structure, ionic conductivity and alkali resistance of anion exchange membranes. Attributed to the self-assembly of crown ethers, the poly (crown ether) (PCE) AEMs with dibenzo-18-crown-6-ether (QAPCE-18-6) exhibit an obvious phase separated structure and a maximum OH- conductivity of 122.5 mS cm-1 at 80 °C (ionic exchange capacity is 1.51 meq g-1). QAPCE-18-6 shows a good alkali resistance with the OH- conductivity retention of 94.5% albeit being treated in a harsh alkali condition. Moreover, the hydrogen/oxygen single cell equipped with QAPCE-18-6 can achieve a peak power density (PPD) of 574 mW cm-2 at a current density of 1.39 A cm-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Hui Chen
- Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Yvonne Shuen Lann Choo
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang 43900, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Xi Hao Wang
- Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Ying Jie Liu
- Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Xi Bin Yue
- Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Xue Lang Gao
- Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Wei Ting Gao
- Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Qiu Gen Zhang
- Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Ai Mei Zhu
- Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Qing Lin Liu
- Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China.
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7
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Semi-interpenetrating anion exchange membranes using hydrophobic microporous linear poly(ether ketone). J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 634:110-120. [PMID: 36535151 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In order to realise high ionic conductivity and improved chemical stability, a series of anion exchange membranes (AEMs) with semi-interpenetrating polymer network (sIPN) has been prepared via the incorporation of crosslinked poly(biphenyl N-methylpiperidine) (PBP) and spirobisindane-based intrinsically microporous poly(ether ketone) (PEK-SBI). The formation of phase separated structures as a result of the incompatibility between the hydrophilic PBP network and the hydrophobic PEK-SBI segment, has successfully promoted the hydroxide ion conductivity of AEMs. A swelling ratio (SR) as low as 12.2 % at 80 °C was recorded for the sIPN containing hydrophobic PEK-SBI as the linear polymer and crosslinked structure with a mass ratio of PBP to PEK-SBI of 90/10 (sIPN-90/10(PEK-SBI)). The sIPN-90/10(PEK-SBI) AEM achieved the highest hydroxide ion conductivity of 122.4 mS cm-1 at 80 °C and a recorded ion exchange capacity (IEC) of 2.26 meq g-1. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) clearly revealed the improved phase separation structure of sIPN-90/10(PEK-SBI). N2 adsorption isotherm indicated that the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area of the AEMs increased with the increase of microporous PEK-SBI content. Interestingly, the sIPN-90/10(PEK-SBI) AEM showed good alkaline stability for being able to maintain a conductivity of 94.7 % despite being soaked in a 1 M sodium hydroxide solution at 80 °C for 30 days. Meanwhile, a peak power density of 481 mW cm-2 can be achieved by the hydrogen/oxygen single cell using sIPN-90/10(PEK-SBI) as the AEM.
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8
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Cao D, Sun X, Gao H, Pan L, Li N, Li Y. Crosslinked Polynorbornene-Based Anion Exchange Membranes with Perfluorinated Branch Chains. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15051073. [PMID: 36904314 PMCID: PMC10007585 DOI: 10.3390/polym15051073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the effect of perfluorinated substituent on the properties of anion exchange membranes (AEMs), cross-linked polynorbornene-based AEMs with perfluorinated branch chains were prepared via ring opening metathesis polymerization, subsequent crosslinking reaction, and quaternization. The crosslinking structure enables the resultant AEMs (CFnB) to exhibit a low swelling ratio, high toughness, and high water uptake, simultaneously. In addition, benefiting from the ion gathering and side chain microphase separation caused by their flexible backbone and perfluorinated branch chain, these AEMs had high hydroxide conductivity up to 106.9 mS cm-1 at 80 °C even at low ion content (IEC < 1.6 meq g-1). This work provides a new approach to achieve improved ion conductivity at low ion content by introducing the perfluorinated branch chains and puts forward a referable way to prepare AEMs with high performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dafu Cao
- Institute of Advanced Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xiaowei Sun
- Institute of Advanced Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Huan Gao
- Institute of Advanced Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Li Pan
- Institute of Advanced Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Nanwen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Yuesheng Li
- Institute of Advanced Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, China
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9
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Allushi A, Bakvand PM, Jannasch P. Polyfluorenes Bearing N, N-Dimethylpiperidinium Cations on Short Spacers for Durable Anion Exchange Membranes. Macromolecules 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c02291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrit Allushi
- Polymer & Materials Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00Lund, Sweden
| | - Pegah Mansouri Bakvand
- Polymer & Materials Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00Lund, Sweden
| | - Patric Jannasch
- Polymer & Materials Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00Lund, Sweden
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10
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Wang JJ, Gao WT, Choo YSL, Cai ZH, Zhang QG, Zhu AM, Liu QL. Highly conductive branched poly(aryl piperidinium) anion exchange membranes with robust chemical stability. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 629:377-387. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.08.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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11
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Cao D, Nie F, Liu M, Sun X, Wang B, Wang F, Li N, Wang B, Ma Z, Pan L, Li Y. Crosslinked anion exchange membranes prepared from highly reactive polyethylene and polypropylene intermediates. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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12
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Mansouri Bakvand P, Jannasch P. Poly(arylene alkylene)s with pendent benzyl-tethered ammonium cations for anion exchange membranes. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.121229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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13
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Soyekwo F, Wen H, Liao D, Liu C. Nanofiltration Membranes Modified with a Clustered Multiquaternary Ammonium-Based Ionic Liquid for Improved Magnesium/Lithium Separation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:32420-32432. [PMID: 35793230 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c03650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lithium separation is of great significance to overcome the lithium supply shortage resulting from a heightened demand in the energy sector. The low selectivity of polymer nanofiltration membranes for lithium extraction from concentrated Mg/Li mixtures caused by miniaturized pore structures and weak and unstable positive surface charges limits their practical implementation. To address the surface charge strength and stability, a novel ionic liquid monomer, N1-(6-aminohexyl)-N1,N1,N6,N6,N6-pentamethylhexane-1,6-diaminium bromide (denoted as DABIL), is first synthesized and covalently anchored on a pristine polyamide thin-film composite (TFC) membrane via a secondary amidation reaction for improved selective lithium separation from Mg/Li mixtures. DABIL modification of the polyamide network contributes to increased surface hydrophilicity, an enlarged membrane pore structure, and reinforced Donnan exclusion effects. Molecular dynamics simulation confirmed that the difference of the interaction energies between water and the multication groups dominates the surface properties. The DABIL membrane exhibits sixfold enhancement of water permeability compared to the unmodified membrane and outperforms the recently reported state-of-the-art positively charged membranes. It presents an improved Li+/Mg2+ selectivity of 26.49, suggesting the membranes' potential for lithium recovery. Moreover, the membrane shows efficient antibacterial activity for mitigating biofilm formation. We establish that functionalization of TFC membranes with ionic liquids containing multication side chains could be a promising approach to achieve improved and sustainable permselectivity for the recovery of critical metal resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faizal Soyekwo
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, 1066 Xueyuan Boulevard, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Wen
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, 1066 Xueyuan Boulevard, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Liao
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, 1066 Xueyuan Boulevard, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Changkun Liu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, 1066 Xueyuan Boulevard, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
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14
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Nara Y, Tanaka M, Nagasawa K, Kuroda Y, Mitsushima S, Kawakami H. Development of highly alkaline stable anion conductive polymers with fluorene backbone for water electrolysis. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Nara
- Department of Applied Chemistry Tokyo Metropolitan University Tokyo Japan
| | - Manabu Tanaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry Tokyo Metropolitan University Tokyo Japan
- Research Center for Hydrogen Energy‐based Society (ReHES) Tokyo Metropolitan University Tokyo Japan
| | - Kensaku Nagasawa
- Institute of Advanced Sciences Yokohama National University Yokohama Kanagawa Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Kuroda
- Institute of Advanced Sciences Yokohama National University Yokohama Kanagawa Japan
- Graduate School of Engineering Science Yokohama National University Yokohama Kanagawa Japan
| | - Shigenori Mitsushima
- Institute of Advanced Sciences Yokohama National University Yokohama Kanagawa Japan
- Graduate School of Engineering Science Yokohama National University Yokohama Kanagawa Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Kawakami
- Department of Applied Chemistry Tokyo Metropolitan University Tokyo Japan
- Research Center for Hydrogen Energy‐based Society (ReHES) Tokyo Metropolitan University Tokyo Japan
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15
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Synthesis and properties of a new ether-free poly(bis-alkylpiperidinium) polymer for the anion exchange membrane. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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16
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Highly conductive fluorinated poly(biphenyl piperidinium) anion exchange membranes with robust durability. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.120200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Sharma PP, Jeon Y, Kim D. Alkaline Stable Anion Exchange Membranes Based on Cross-Linked Poly(arylene ether sulfone) Bearing Dual Quaternary Piperidines for Enhanced Anion Conductivity at Low Water Uptake. Molecules 2022; 27:364. [PMID: 35056678 PMCID: PMC8781295 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27020364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Alkaline stable anion exchange membranes based on the cross-linked poly(arylene ether sulfone) grafted with dual quaternary piperidine (XPAES-DP) units were synthesized. The chemical structure of the synthesized PAES-DP was validated using 1H-NMR and FT-IR spectroscopy. The physicochemical, thermal, and mechanical properties of XPAES-DP membranes were compared with those of two linear PAES based membranes grafted with single piperidine (PAES-P) unit and conventional trimethyl amine (PAES-TM). XPAES-DP membrane showed the ionic conductivity of 0.021 S cm-1 at 40 °C which was much higher than that of PAES-P and PAES-TM because of the possession of more quaternary ammonium groups in the cross-linked structure. This cross-linked structure of the XPAES-DP membrane resulted in a higher tensile strength of 18.11 MPa than that of PAES-P, 17.09 MPa. In addition, as the XPAES-DP membrane shows consistency in the ionic conductivity even after 96 h in 3 M KOH solution with a minor change, its chemical stability was assured for the application of anion exchange membrane fuel cell. The single-cell assembled with XPAES-DP membrane displayed a power density of 109 mWcm-2 at 80 °C under 100% relative humidity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dukjoon Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Gyeonggi, Korea; (P.P.S.); (Y.J.)
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19
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Aristizábal SL, Habboub OS, Pulido BA, Cetina-Mancilla E, Olvera LI, Forster M, Nunes SP, Scherf U, Zolotukhin MG. One-Step, Room Temperature Synthesis of Well-Defined, Organo-Soluble Multifunctional Aromatic Polyimides. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra L. Aristizábal
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division (BESE), Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center (AMPM), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ola S. Habboub
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division (BESE), Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center (AMPM), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bruno A. Pulido
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division (BESE), Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center (AMPM), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Enoc Cetina-Mancilla
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, México
| | - Lilian I. Olvera
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, México
| | - Michael Forster
- Wuppertal Center for Smart Materials & Systems, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Gaußstr. 20, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Suzana P. Nunes
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division (BESE), Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center (AMPM), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ullrich Scherf
- Wuppertal Center for Smart Materials & Systems, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Gaußstr. 20, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Mikhail G. Zolotukhin
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, México
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Weng Y, Li Q, Li J, Gao Z, Zou L, Ma X. Facile synthesis of Bi-functionalized intrinsic microporous polymer with fully carbon backbone for gas separation application. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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21
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Gohil JM, Dutta K. Structures and properties of polymers in ion exchange membranes for hydrogen generation by water electrolysis. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaydevsinh M. Gohil
- Advanced Polymer Design and Development Research Laboratory (APDDRL) School for Advanced Research in Petrochemicals (SARP), Central Institute of Petrochemicals Engineering and Technology (CIPET) Bengaluru Karnataka India
| | - Kingshuk Dutta
- Advanced Polymer Design and Development Research Laboratory (APDDRL) School for Advanced Research in Petrochemicals (SARP), Central Institute of Petrochemicals Engineering and Technology (CIPET) Bengaluru Karnataka India
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