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Dessie BK, Mehari B, Gari SR, Mihret A, Desta AF, Melaku S, Alamirew T, Walsh CL, Werner D, Zeleke G. Trace Element Levels in Nails of Residents of Addis Ababa Are Shaped by Social Factors and Geography. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:577-591. [PMID: 35233714 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03181-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The Akaki catchment in Ethiopia is home to Addis Ababa and about five million people. Its watercourses receive a variety of wastes released by the residents and industries. River water is being used for irrigation, livestock watering, and other domestic purposes. This study tested the hypothesis that the river pollution would be reflected in higher levels of trace elements in the nails of residents living in Akaki-Kality Sub-City in the downstream, as compared to those living in Gullele Sub-City in the upstream of the Akaki catchment. Samples were taken and subsequently analysed for metals using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The mean concentrations of Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, Ni, Cr, Pb, and As in nails from Akaki-Kality were 488 ± 49, 106 ± 10, 5.2 ± 0.3, 13 ± 1.5, 11 ± 8, 2.2 ± 0.3, 0.09 ± 0.01, and 0.16 ± 0.01 μg/g, respectively. Likewise, the concentrations of Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, Ni, Cr, Pb, and As in nails from Gullele were 1035 ± 135, 251 ± 10, 6.6 ± 0.4, 31 ± 3.7, 7.4 ± 1.7, 2.0 ± 0.3, 0.63 ± 0.01, and 0.25 ± 0.01 μg/g, respectively. Co and Cd were not detected. Contrary to the initial hypothesis, higher metal levels were found in nails of residents living in the upstream rather than the downstream area of the catchment. In particular, the concentrations of Fe (p = 0.000), Zn (p = 0.01), and Mn (p = 0.000) were significantly elevated in nails from Gullele and also high in comparison with internationally reported values. Besides, geography and social factors, especially education level, correlated to trace metals in nails. Most of the elements were significantly lower in the nails of individuals with a university degree compared to those who were illiterate or only completed primary school.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bitew K Dessie
- Water and Land Resource Centre, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
- Ethiopian Institute of Water Resources, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
- College of Natural and Computational Sciences, University of Gondar, P.O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia.
| | - Bewketu Mehari
- College of Natural and Computational Sciences, University of Gondar, P.O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Sirak Robele Gari
- Ethiopian Institute of Water Resources, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Adane Mihret
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Adey F Desta
- Department of Microbial, Cellular and Molecular Biology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Samuel Melaku
- Department of Chemistry, Columbus State University, 4225 University Avenue, Columbus, GA, 31907, USA
| | - Tena Alamirew
- Water and Land Resource Centre, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Ethiopian Institute of Water Resources, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Claire L Walsh
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - David Werner
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Gete Zeleke
- Water and Land Resource Centre, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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2
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Designing a simple semi-automated system for preconcentration and determination of nickel in some food samples using dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction based upon orange peel oil as extraction solvent. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.104094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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3
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Šoukal J, Musil S. Detailed evaluation of conditions of photochemical vapor generation for sensitive determination of nickel in water samples by ICP-MS detection. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Büyükpınar Ç, San N, Komesli OT, Bakırdere S. Combination of an Efficient Photochemical Vapor Generation System and Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry for Trace Nickel Determination in Wastewater Samples. ANAL LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2020.1805749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Çağdaş Büyükpınar
- Faculty of Art and Science, Chemistry Department, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Nevim San
- Faculty of Art and Science, Chemistry Department, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Okan T. Komesli
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Sezgin Bakırdere
- Faculty of Art and Science, Chemistry Department, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey
- Turkish Academy of Sciences (TÜBA), Çankaya, Ankara, Turkey
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5
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Dessie BK, Melaku S, Robele Gari S, Ayele BT, Desta AF, Mihret A. Evaluation of toxic elements in nails of tannery workers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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6
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Ultrasonic assisted glass bead loaded gas liquid separator-photochemical vapor generation-T-shaped slotted quartz tube-flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry system for antimony determination in tap water and wastewater samples. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-020-01392-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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7
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Erulaş FA. Sensitive determination of nickel at trace levels in surface water samples by slotted quartz tube flame atomic absorption spectrometry after switchable solvent liquid-phase microextraction. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2020; 192:272. [PMID: 32266579 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-020-8208-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, switchable solvent (SS) for liquid-phase microextraction (LPME) was used as a tool to preconcentrate nickel from aqueous samples for determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The SS-LPME method was optimized thoroughly to boost the absorbance signal of nickel for trace level determination. Parameters optimized included switchable solvent volume, sodium hydroxide concentration, sodium hydroxide volume, and eluent volume. The SS-LPME method enhanced the detection power by about 32-folds, and a slotted quartz tube (SQT) was used to obtain 2.6-folds increase in detection power. The combination of LPME and SQT-FAAS produced 104-folds enhancement, correlating to a limit of detection value of 1.8 μg/L. Low relative standard deviations calculated for the lowest calibration concentration indicated good repeatability for replicate measurements. Accuracy of the optimized method and its applicability to real samples was tested on two river samples. The results (85-103%) obtained from the spike recovery experiments were satisfactory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatih Ahmet Erulaş
- Faculty of Education, Department of Science Education, Siirt University, 56100, Siirt, Turkey.
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Sengupta P, Saha S, Banerjee S, Dey A, Sarkar P. Removal of fluoride ion from drinking water by a new Fe(OH) 3/ nano CaO impregnated chitosan composite adsorbent. POLYM-PLAST TECH MAT 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/25740881.2020.1725567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Sengupta
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Suparna Saha
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Suchetana Banerjee
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Ayan Dey
- Indian Institute of Packaging, Mumbai, India
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Büyükpınar Ç, San N, Komesli OT, Bakırdere S. Accurate, sensitive, and precise determination of cobalt in soil matrices by the combination of batch type gas-liquid separator-assisted photochemical vapor generation and atomic absorption spectrophotometry. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2019; 191:313. [PMID: 31037521 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-019-7486-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Determination of cobalt at low concentrations is an important issue because of its potential harmful effects on human health. Although flame atomic absorbance spectrometry (FAAS) is a fast and cheap method, it has high detection limits compared to other methods due to low nebulizer efficiency. In this study, the sensitivity, accuracy, and precision of the conventional FAAS were tried to be improved for cobalt determination using a photochemical vapor generation (PVG) system equipped with a batch type gas-liquid separator (BTGLS). The system parameters including organic acid type and concentration, UV irradiation period, mixing type, atomizer temperature, carrier gas flow rate, and sample volume were optimized to improve the detection power. The limits of detection and quantification were found to be 8.7 and 28.9 μg L-1, respectively. The low relative standard deviation results indicated high precision. Applicability and accuracy of the method to soil samples was determined by recovery studies and percent recoveries were obtained between 98.9-107.0%. Graphical abstract Please provide caption for the graphical abstract.PVG-BT-GLS-AAS system .
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Affiliation(s)
- Çağdaş Büyükpınar
- Department of Chemistry, Yıldız Technical University, 34349, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nevim San
- Department of Chemistry, Yıldız Technical University, 34349, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Okan Tarık Komesli
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Atatürk University, 25250, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Sezgin Bakırdere
- Department of Chemistry, Yıldız Technical University, 34349, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Fırat M, Bakırdere EG. An accurate and sensitive analytical strategy for the determination of palladium in aqueous samples: slotted quartz tube flame atomic absorption spectrometry with switchable liquid-liquid microextraction after preconcentration using a Schiff base ligand. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2019; 191:129. [PMID: 30723880 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-019-7252-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study presents a green analytical method for palladium determination by slotted quartz tube flame atomic absorption spectrometry (SQT-FAAS) following switchable liquid-liquid microextraction (SLLME). Efficient extraction of palladium was facilitated by complexation with a Schiff base ligand, synthesized specifically for this study. A three-stage thorough optimization procedure was carried out to boost the absorbance output of palladium. Complex formation was the first stage, and parameters evaluated included buffer solution pH and amount, concentration of ligand, and mixing period. The amount of switchable solvent and concentration and amount of sodium hydroxide and acid amount were optimized in the second stage. Optimization of sample and fuel flow rates and SQT parameters completed the third stage of optimization, and all optimum parameters were used to determine analytical performance of the method. The method had a broad linear dynamic range, and the calibration plots showed good linearity with R2 values greater than 0.9991. The limits of detection and quantification of the SLLME-SQT-FAAS method were 15 and 50 μg/L, respectively. The precision of the method, expressed as percent relative standard deviation, was below 9.0% for all measurements. Spiked recovery results performed for a palladium electroplating bath solution gave poor results when quantified against aqueous calibration standards. Matrix matching was therefore used to improve recovery results which ranged between 97 and 105% for four different spike concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Fırat
- Faculty of Art and Science, Chemistry Department, Yıldız Technical University, 34210, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emine Gülhan Bakırdere
- Department of Science Education, Faculty of Education, Yıldız Technical University, 34210, Istanbul, Turkey.
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11
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Salvador G, Soares BS, Borges DL. Nickel determination in oily sludge leachates using isotope dilution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry following photochemical vapor generation: A feasibility study. Microchem J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2018.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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12
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Çelik B, Akkaya E, Bakirdere S, Aydin F. Determination of indium using vortex assisted solid phase microextraction based on oleic acid coated magnetic nanoparticles combined with slotted quartz tube-flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Microchem J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2018.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Özzeybek G, Alacakoç B, Kocabaş MY, Bakırdere EG, Chormey DS, Bakırdere S. Trace determination of nickel in water samples by slotted quartz tube-flame atomic absorption spectrometry after dispersive assisted simultaneous complexation and extraction strategy. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2018; 190:498. [PMID: 30073415 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-018-6884-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This study presents a new method for the determination of nickel in aqueous samples by slotted quartz tube-flame atomic absorption spectrometry (SQT-FAAS) after a dispersive assisted simultaneous complexation and extraction (DASCE) process. Synthesized ligand was directly dissolved in the extraction solvent to eliminate the complex formation step prior to the extraction. All parameters of the SQT-FAAS and DASCE method were systematically optimized to improve the detection power of nickel for trace determinations. Under the optimum experimental conditions, the optimized method (DASCE-SQT-FAAS) recorded 137-fold enhancement in detection power over the conventional FAAS. The limits of detection and quantification were determined to be 1.6 μg/L and 5.2 μg/L, respectively. The calibration plot was linear over a wide concentration range and the precision for replicate measurements was appreciably high. Nickel was not detected in five different water samples but spiked recovery tests for three samples yielded results that were close to 100%, confirming the method's accuracy and applicability to the matrices tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gözde Özzeybek
- Department of Chemistry, Yıldız Technical University, 34349, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Bihter Alacakoç
- Department of Chemistry, Yıldız Technical University, 34349, İstanbul, Turkey
| | | | | | | | - Sezgin Bakırdere
- Department of Chemistry, Yıldız Technical University, 34349, İstanbul, Turkey.
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Tekenya R, Pokpas K, Jahed N, Iwuoha EI. Enhanced Specificity and Sensitivity for the Determination of Nickel(II) by Square-wave Adsorptive Cathodic Stripping Voltammetry at Disposable Graphene-modified Pencil Graphite Electrodes. ANAL LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2018.1469139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Tekenya
- SensorLab, Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Republic of South Africa
| | - Keagan Pokpas
- SensorLab, Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Republic of South Africa
| | - Nazeem Jahed
- SensorLab, Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Republic of South Africa
| | - Emmanuel I. Iwuoha
- SensorLab, Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Republic of South Africa
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Zaman BT, Bakırdere EG, Kasa NA, Deniz S, Sel S, Chormey DS, Bakırdere S. Development of an efficient and sensitive analytical method for the determination of copper at trace levels by slotted quartz tube atomic absorption spectrometry after vortex-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction in biota and water samples using a novel ligand. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2018; 190:437. [PMID: 29951716 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-018-6735-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study describes the determination of trace levels of copper by slotted quartz tube atomic absorption spectrometry after dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction. A ligand synthesized from the reaction of salicylaldehyde and 1-naphthylamine was used to form coordinate copper complex prior to extraction. All parameters that influence the output of complex formation, extraction, and instrumental measurement were optimized to enhance the absorbance signal of copper. Under the optimum conditions, about 104-fold enhancement in sensitivity was recorded over the conventional flame atomic absorption spectrometer, corresponding to a 0.51 ng/mL detection limit. The percent relative standard deviation calculated for the lowest concentration (4.8%) indicated high precision for the experimental procedure. Accuracy and applicability of the optimum method were determined by performing spiked recovery tests on urine, lake water, and mineral water samples. Satisfactory recovery results were obtained between 82.2 and 106.3% at four different concentrations. Matrix matching method was also performed to increase the accuracy of quantification, and the percent recovery calculated for 175 ng/mL was 105.14%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buse Tuğba Zaman
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Art and Science, Yıldız Technical University, 34210, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Emine Gülhan Bakırdere
- Department of Science Education, Faculty of Education, Yıldız Technical University, 34210, İstanbul, Turkey.
| | - Nursu Aylin Kasa
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Art and Science, Yıldız Technical University, 34210, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Serenay Deniz
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Art and Science, Yıldız Technical University, 34210, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Sabriye Sel
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Art and Science, Yıldız Technical University, 34210, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Dotse Selali Chormey
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Art and Science, Yıldız Technical University, 34210, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Sezgin Bakırdere
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Art and Science, Yıldız Technical University, 34210, İstanbul, Turkey.
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Fırat M, Bodur S, Tışlı B, Özlü C, Chormey DS, Turak F, Bakırdere S. Vortex-assisted switchable liquid-liquid microextraction for the preconcentration of cadmium in environmental samples prior to its determination with flame atomic absorption spectrometry. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2018; 190:393. [PMID: 29892908 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-018-6786-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a switchable solvent was used to preconcentrate trace amounts of Cd from aqueous solution for its determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). Protonation of N,N-dimethylbenzylamine by dry ice (solid CO2) made it water soluble, and addition of sodium hydroxide converted it back to its original nonionic state for phase separation and subsequent extraction of Cd. A slotted quartz tube (SQT) was attached to the flame burner head to increase the residence time of Cd atoms in the light path. Under the optimum conditions, limits of detection and quantification were determined as 0.7 and 2.6 μg L-1, respectively. Low relative standard deviations calculated from seven replicate measurements of the lowest concentration indicated high precision. Accuracy of the developed method was checked by using a standard reference material (SRM 1633c). Spiked recovery tests were also performed on lake water and wastewater samples at different concentrations to check the applicability of the developed method, and the results obtained (90-103%) established high recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Fırat
- Faculty of Art and Science, Chemistry Department, Yıldız Technical University, 34210, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Süleyman Bodur
- Faculty of Art and Science, Chemistry Department, Yıldız Technical University, 34210, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Büşra Tışlı
- Faculty of Art and Science, Chemistry Department, Yıldız Technical University, 34210, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Cansu Özlü
- Faculty of Art and Science, Chemistry Department, Yıldız Technical University, 34210, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Dotse Selali Chormey
- Faculty of Art and Science, Chemistry Department, Yıldız Technical University, 34210, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Fatma Turak
- Faculty of Art and Science, Chemistry Department, Yıldız Technical University, 34210, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Sezgin Bakırdere
- Faculty of Art and Science, Chemistry Department, Yıldız Technical University, 34210, İstanbul, Turkey.
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Yolcu ŞM, Fırat M, Chormey DS, Büyükpınar Ç, Turak F, Bakırdere S. Development and Validation of a Sensitive Method for Trace Nickel Determination by Slotted Quartz Tube Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry After Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2018; 100:715-719. [PMID: 29411047 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-018-2283-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction was systematically optimized for the preconcentration of nickel after forming a complex with diphenylcarbazone. The measurement output of the flame atomic absorption spectrometer was further enhanced by fitting a custom-cut slotted quartz tube to the flame burner head. The extraction method increased the amount of nickel reaching the flame and the slotted quartz tube increased the residence time of nickel atoms in the flame to record higher absorbance. Two methods combined to give about 90 fold enhancement in sensitivity over the conventional flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The optimized method was applicable over a wide linear concentration range, and it gave a detection limit of 2.1 µg L-1. Low relative standard deviations at the lowest concentration in the linear calibration plot indicated high precision for both extraction process and instrumental measurements. A coal fly ash standard reference material (SRM 1633c) was used to determine the accuracy of the method, and experimented results were compatible with the certified value. Spiked recovery tests were also used to validate the applicability of the method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Şükran Melda Yolcu
- Department of Chemistry, Yıldız Technical University, 34349, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Merve Fırat
- Department of Chemistry, Yıldız Technical University, 34349, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Çağdaş Büyükpınar
- Department of Chemistry, Yıldız Technical University, 34349, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fatma Turak
- Department of Chemistry, Yıldız Technical University, 34349, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sezgin Bakırdere
- Department of Chemistry, Yıldız Technical University, 34349, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Uslu H, Büyükpınar Ç, Unutkan T, Serbest H, SAN N, Turak F, Bakırdere S. A novel analytical method for sensitive determination of lead: Hydrogen assisted T-shape slotted quartz tube-atom trap-flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Microchem J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2017.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Kasa NA, Chormey DS, Büyükpınar Ç, Turak F, Budak TB, Bakırdere S. Determination of cadmium at ultratrace levels by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and batch type hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry. Microchem J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2017.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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