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Anushka, Bandopadhyay A, Das PK. Paper based microfluidic devices: a review of fabrication techniques and applications. Eur Phys J Spec Top 2022; 232:781-815. [PMID: 36532608 PMCID: PMC9743133 DOI: 10.1140/epjs/s11734-022-00727-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A wide range of applications are possible with paper-based analytical devices, which are low priced, easy to fabricate and operate, and require no specialized equipment. Paper-based microfluidics offers the design of miniaturized POC devices to be applied in the health, environment, food, and energy sector employing the ASSURED (Affordable, Sensitive, Specific, User-friendly, Rapid and Robust, Equipment free and Deliverable to end users) principle of WHO. Therefore, this field is growing very rapidly and ample research is being done. This review focuses on fabrication and detection techniques reported to date. Additionally, this review emphasises on the application of this technology in the area of medical diagnosis, energy generation, environmental monitoring, and food quality control. This review also presents the theoretical analysis of fluid flow in porous media for the efficient handling and control of fluids. The limitations of PAD have also been discussed with an emphasis to concern on the transformation of such devices from laboratory to the consumer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anushka
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302 India
| | - Aditya Bandopadhyay
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302 India
| | - Prasanta Kumar Das
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302 India
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2
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Zhang T, Ding F, Yang Y, Zhao G, Zhang C, Wang R, Huang X. Research Progress and Future Trends of Microfluidic Paper-Based Analytical Devices in In-Vitro Diagnosis. Biosensors 2022; 12:bios12070485. [PMID: 35884289 PMCID: PMC9313202 DOI: 10.3390/bios12070485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In vitro diagnosis (IVD) has become a hot topic in laboratory research and achievement transformation. However, due to the high cost, and time-consuming and complex operation of traditional technologies, some new technologies are being introduced into IVD, to solve the existing problems. As a result, IVD has begun to develop toward point-of-care testing (POCT), a subdivision field of IVD. The pandemic has made governments and health institutions realize the urgency of accelerating the development of POCT. Microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs), a low-cost, high-efficiency, and easy-to-operate detection platform, have played a significant role in advancing the development of IVD. μPADs are composed of paper as the core material, certain unique substances as reagents for processing the paper, and sensing devices, as auxiliary equipment. The published reviews on the same topic lack a comprehensive and systematic introduction to μPAD classification and research progress in IVD segmentation. In this paper, we first briefly introduce the origin of μPADs and their role in promoting IVD, in the introduction section. Then, processing and detection methods for μPADs are summarized, and the innovative achievements of μPADs in IVD are reviewed. Finally, we discuss and prospect the upgrade and improvement directions of μPADs, in terms of portability, sensitivity, and automation, to help researchers clarify the progress and overcome the difficulties in subsequent μPAD research.
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3
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Carneiro MCCG, Rodrigues LR, Moreira FTC, Sales MGF. Colorimetric Paper-Based Sensors against Cancer Biomarkers. Sensors (Basel) 2022; 22:s22093221. [PMID: 35590912 PMCID: PMC9102172 DOI: 10.3390/s22093221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Detection and quantification of cancer biomarkers plays a critical role in cancer early diagnosis, screening, and treatment. Clinicians, particularly in developing countries, deal with high costs and limited resources for diagnostic systems. Using low-cost substrates to develop sensor devices could be very helpful. The interest in paper-based sensors with colorimetric detection increased exponentially in the last decade as they meet the criteria for point-of-care (PoC) devices. Cellulose and different nanomaterials have been used as substrate and colorimetric probes, respectively, for these types of devices in their different designs as spot tests, lateral-flow assays, dipsticks, and microfluidic paper-based devices (μPADs), offering low-cost and disposable devices. However, the main challenge with these devices is their low sensitivity and lack of efficiency in performing quantitative measurements. This review includes an overview of the use of paper for the development of sensing devices focusing on colorimetric detection and their application to cancer biomarkers. We highlight recent works reporting the use of paper in the development of colorimetric sensors for cancer biomarkers, such as proteins, nucleic acids, and others. Finally, we discuss the main advantages of these types of devices and highlight their major pitfalls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana C. C. G. Carneiro
- BioMark@ISEP, School of Engineering, Polytechnic Institute, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal;
- Centre of Biological Engineering, Minho University (CEB), 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (L.R.R.); (M.G.F.S.)
- LABBELS—Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Ligia R. Rodrigues
- Centre of Biological Engineering, Minho University (CEB), 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (L.R.R.); (M.G.F.S.)
- LABBELS—Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Felismina T. C. Moreira
- BioMark@ISEP, School of Engineering, Polytechnic Institute, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal;
- Centre of Biological Engineering, Minho University (CEB), 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (L.R.R.); (M.G.F.S.)
- LABBELS—Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Correspondence:
| | - Maria Goreti F. Sales
- Centre of Biological Engineering, Minho University (CEB), 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (L.R.R.); (M.G.F.S.)
- LABBELS—Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- BioMark@UC, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Coimbra University, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
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4
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Lai CH, Lee CL, Vu CA, Vu VT, Tsai YH, Chen WY, Cheng CM. Paper-Based Devices for Capturing Exosomes and Exosomal Nucleic Acids From Biological Samples. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:836082. [PMID: 35497368 PMCID: PMC9039228 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.836082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes, nanovesicles derived from cells, contain a variety of biomolecules that can be considered biomarkers for disease diagnosis, including microRNAs (miRNAs). Given knowledge and demand, inexpensive, robust, and easy-to-use tools that are compatible with downstream nucleic acid detection should be developed to replace traditional methodologies for point-of-care testing (POCT) applications. This study deploys a paper-based extraction kit for exosome and exosomal miRNA analytical system with some quantifying methods to serve as an easy sample preparation for a possible POCT process. Exosomes concentrated from HCT116 cell cultures were arrested on paper-based immunoaffinity devices, which were produced by immobilizing anti-CD63 antibodies on Whatman filter paper, before being subjected to paper-based silica devices for nucleic acids to be trapped by silica nanoparticles adsorbed onto Whatman filter paper. Concentrations of captured exosomes were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), demonstrating that paper-based immunoaffinity devices succeeded in capturing and determining exosome levels from cells cultured in both neutral and acidic microenvironments, whereas microRNA 21 (miR-21), a biomarker for various types of cancers and among the nucleic acids absorbed onto the silica devices, was determined by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) to prove that paper-based silica devices were capable of trapping exosomal nucleic acids. The developed paper-based kit and the devised procedure was successfully exploited to isolate exosomes and exosomal nucleic acids from different biological samples (platelet-poor plasma and lesion fluid) as clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Hung Lai
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ling Lee
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Cao-An Vu
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Van-Truc Vu
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Hung Tsai
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yih Chen
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Chao-Min Cheng, ; Wen-Yih Chen,
| | - Chao-Min Cheng
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Chao-Min Cheng, ; Wen-Yih Chen,
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Mahmoudi T, Naghdi T, Morales-Narváez E, Golmohammadi H. Toward smart diagnosis of pandemic infectious diseases using wastewater-based epidemiology. Trends Analyt Chem 2022; 153:116635. [PMID: 35440833 PMCID: PMC9010328 DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 outbreak revealed fundamental weaknesses of current diagnostic systems, particularly in prediction and subsequently prevention of pandemic infectious diseases (PIDs). Among PIDs detection methods, wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) has been demonstrated to be a favorable mean for estimation of community-wide health. Besides, by going beyond purely sensing usages of WBE, it can be efficiently exploited in Healthcare 4.0/5.0 for surveillance, monitoring, control, and above all prediction and prevention, thereby, resulting in smart sensing and management of potential outbreaks/epidemics/pandemics. Herein, an overview of WBE sensors for PIDs is presented. The philosophy behind the smart diagnosis of PIDs using WBE with the help of digital technologies is then discussed, as well as their characteristics to be met. Analytical techniques that are pushing the frontiers of smart sensing and have a high potential to be used in the smart diagnosis of PIDs via WBE are surveyed. In this context, we underscore key challenges ahead and provide recommendations for implementing and moving faster toward smart diagnostics.
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Díaz-Ayala R, López-Nieves M, Colón Berlingeri ES, Cabrera CR, Cunci L, González CI, Escobar PF. Test Strip Platform Spin-Off for Telomerase Activity Detection: Development of an Electrochemical Biosensor. ACS Omega 2022; 7:9964-9972. [PMID: 35356692 PMCID: PMC8944542 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Telomerase overexpression has been associated directly with cancer, and the enzyme itself is recognized within the scientific community as a cancer biomarker. BIDEA's biosensing strip (BBS) is an innovative technology capable of detecting the presence of telomerase activity (TA) using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). This BBS is an interdigital gold (GID) electrode array similar in size and handling to a portable glucose sensor. For the detection of the biomarker, BBS was modified by the immobilization of a telomere-like single strand DNA (ssDNA) on its surface. The sensor was exposed to telomerase-positive extract from commercially available cancer cells, and the EIS spectra were measured. Telomerase recognizes the sequence of this immobilized ssDNA probe on the BBS, and the reverse transcription process that occurs in cancer cells is replicated, resulting in the ssDNA probe elongation. This surface process caused by the presence of TA generates changes in the capacitive process on the electrode array microchip surface, which is followed by EIS as the sensing tool and correlated with the presence of cancer cells. The telomerases' total cell extraction protocol results demonstrate significant changes in the charge-transfer resistance (R ct) change rate after exposure to telomerase-positive extract with a detection limit of 2.94 × 104 cells/mL. Finally, a preliminary study with a small set of "blind" uterine biopsy samples suggests the feasibility of using the changes in the R ct magnitude change rate (Δ(ΔR ct/R cti)/Δt) to distinguish positive from negative endometrial adenocarcinoma samples by the presence or absence of TA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramonita Díaz-Ayala
- BIDEA
LLC, Molecular Science Research Center, Lab 2-43, 1390 Ave. Ponce de León, San Juan 002926-2614, Puerto Rico
| | - Marjorie López-Nieves
- BIDEA
LLC, Molecular Science Research Center, Lab 2-43, 1390 Ave. Ponce de León, San Juan 002926-2614, Puerto Rico
| | - Etienne S. Colón Berlingeri
- BIDEA
LLC, Molecular Science Research Center, Lab 2-43, 1390 Ave. Ponce de León, San Juan 002926-2614, Puerto Rico
| | - Carlos R. Cabrera
- BIDEA
LLC, Molecular Science Research Center, Lab 2-43, 1390 Ave. Ponce de León, San Juan 002926-2614, Puerto Rico
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Ave., El Paso, Texas 79968, United
States
| | - Lisandro Cunci
- BIDEA
LLC, Molecular Science Research Center, Lab 2-43, 1390 Ave. Ponce de León, San Juan 002926-2614, Puerto Rico
- School
of Natural Sciences and Technology, Universidad
Ana G. Méndez, Gurabo Campus, Gurabo, Puerto Rico 00778, United States
| | - Carlos I. González
- BIDEA
LLC, Molecular Science Research Center, Lab 2-43, 1390 Ave. Ponce de León, San Juan 002926-2614, Puerto Rico
- Department
of Biology, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, San Juan 00931-3346, Puerto Rico
| | - Pedro F. Escobar
- Department
of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Puerto Rico, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan 00926, Puerto Rico
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Lin D, Li B, Fu L, Qi J, Xia C, Zhang Y, Chen J, Choo J, Chen L. A novel polymer-based nitrocellulose platform for implementing a multiplexed microfluidic paper-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Microsyst Nanoeng 2022; 8:53. [PMID: 35600221 PMCID: PMC9120459 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-022-00385-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Nitrocellulose (NC) membranes, as porous paper-like substrates with high protein-binding capabilities, are very popular in the field of point-of-care immunoassays. However, generating robust hydrophobic structures in NC membranes to fabricate microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) remains a great challenge. At present, the main method relies on an expensive wax printer. In addition, NC membranes very easy to adhere during the printing process due to electrostatic adsorption. Herein, we developed a facile, fast and low-cost strategy to fabricate μPADs in NC membranes by screen-printing polyurethane acrylate (PUA) as a barrier material for defining flow channels and reaction zones. Moreover, hydrophobic barriers based on UV-curable PUA can resist various surfactant solutions and organic solvents that are generally used in immunoassays and biochemical reactions. To validate the feasibility of this PUA-based NC membrane for immunoassays in point-of-care testing (POCT), we further designed and assembled a rotational paper-based analytical device for implementing a multiplexed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in a simple manner. Using the proposed device under the optimal conditions, alpha fetoprotein (AFP) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) could be identified, with limits of detection of 136 pg/mL and 174 pg/mL, respectively, which are below the threshold values of these two cancer biomarkers for clinical diagnosis. We believe that this reliable device provides a promising platform for the diagnosis of disease based on ELISA or other related bioassays in limited settings or remote regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation; Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 264003 Yantai, China
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, 264003 Yantai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Bowei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation; Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 264003 Yantai, China
| | - Longwen Fu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation; Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 264003 Yantai, China
| | - Ji Qi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation; Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 264003 Yantai, China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 266071 Qingdao, China
| | - Chunlei Xia
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation; Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 264003 Yantai, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Institute of Analytical Food Safety, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 214122 Wuxi, China
| | - Jiadong Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974 South Korea
| | - Jaebum Choo
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974 South Korea
| | - Lingxin Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation; Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 264003 Yantai, China
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, 264003 Yantai, China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 266071 Qingdao, China
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Mahmoudi T, Pourhassan-Moghaddam M, Shirdel B, Baradaran B, Morales-Narváez E, Golmohammadi H. On-Site Detection of Carcinoembryonic Antigen in Human Serum. Biosensors (Basel) 2021; 11:bios11100392. [PMID: 34677348 PMCID: PMC8534016 DOI: 10.3390/bios11100392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Real-time connectivity and employment of sustainable materials empowers point-of-care diagnostics with the capability to send clinically relevant data to health care providers even in low-resource settings. In this study, we developed an advantageous kit for the on-site detection of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in human serum. CEA sensing was performed using cellulose-based lateral flow strips, and colorimetric signals were read, processed, and measured using a smartphone-based system. The corresponding immunoreaction was reported by polydopamine-modified gold nanoparticles in order to boost the signal intensity and improve the surface blocking and signal-to-noise relationship, thereby enhancing detection sensitivity when compared with bare gold nanoparticles (up to 20-fold in terms of visual limit of detection). Such lateral flow strips showed a linear range from 0.05 to 50 ng/mL, with a visual limit of detection of 0.05 ng/mL and an assay time of 15 min. Twenty-six clinical samples were also tested using the proposed kit and compared with the gold standard of immunoassays (enzyme linked immunosorbent assay), demonstrating an excellent correlation (R = 0.99). This approach can potentially be utilized for the monitoring of cancer treatment, particularly at locations far from centralized laboratory facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tohid Mahmoudi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166-15731, Iran; (T.M.); (B.S.); (B.B.)
| | - Mohammad Pourhassan-Moghaddam
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia;
- ARC Research Hub for Integrated Device for End-User Analysis at Low-Levels (IDEAL Research Hub), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Behnaz Shirdel
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166-15731, Iran; (T.M.); (B.S.); (B.B.)
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166-15731, Iran; (T.M.); (B.S.); (B.B.)
| | - Eden Morales-Narváez
- Biophotonic Nanosensors Laboratory, Centro de Investigaciones en Óptica, A. C. Loma del Bosque 115, Lomas del Campestre, León 37150, Guanajuato, Mexico
- Correspondence: (E.M.-N.); (H.G.)
| | - Hamed Golmohammadi
- Nanosensor Bioplatforms Laboratory, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran, Tehran 1496-813151, Iran
- Correspondence: (E.M.-N.); (H.G.)
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Panferov VG, Byzova NA, Biketov SF, Zherdev AV, Dzantiev BB. Comparative Study of In Situ Techniques to Enlarge Gold Nanoparticles for Highly Sensitive Lateral Flow Immunoassay of SARS-CoV-2. Biosensors (Basel) 2021; 11:bios11070229. [PMID: 34356700 PMCID: PMC8301938 DOI: 10.3390/bios11070229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Three techniques were compared for lowering the limit of detection (LOD) of the lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) of the receptor-binding domain of severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) based on the post-assay in situ enlargement of Au nanoparticles (Au NPs) on a test strip. Silver enhancement (growth of a silver layer over Au NPs—Au@Ag NPs) and gold enhancement (growth of a gold layer over Au NPs) techniques and the novel technique of galvanic replacement of Ag by Au in Au@Ag NPs causing the formation of Au@Ag-Au NPs were performed. All the enhancements were performed on-site after completion of the conventional LFIA and maintained equipment-free assay. The assays demonstrated lowering of LODs in the following rows: 488 pg/mL (conventional LFIA with Au NPs), 61 pg/mL (silver enhancement), 8 pg/mL (galvanic replacement), and 1 pg/mL (gold enhancement). Using gold enhancement as the optimal technique, the maximal dilution of inactivated SARS-CoV-2-containing samples increased 500 times. The developed LFIA provided highly sensitive and rapid (8 min) point-of-need testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasily G. Panferov
- Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, 119071 Moscow, Russia; (V.G.P.); (N.A.B.); (A.V.Z.)
| | - Nadezhda A. Byzova
- Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, 119071 Moscow, Russia; (V.G.P.); (N.A.B.); (A.V.Z.)
| | - Sergey F. Biketov
- State Research Center for Applied Microbiology & Biotechnology, 142279 Obolensk, Moscow Region, Russia;
| | - Anatoly V. Zherdev
- Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, 119071 Moscow, Russia; (V.G.P.); (N.A.B.); (A.V.Z.)
| | - Boris B. Dzantiev
- Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, 119071 Moscow, Russia; (V.G.P.); (N.A.B.); (A.V.Z.)
- Correspondence:
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Boobphahom S, Nguyet Ly M, Soum V, Pyun N, Kwon OS, Rodthongkum N, Shin K. Recent Advances in Microfluidic Paper-Based Analytical Devices toward High-Throughput Screening. Molecules 2020; 25:E2970. [PMID: 32605281 PMCID: PMC7412548 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25132970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (µPADs) have become promising tools offering various analytical applications for chemical and biological assays at the point-of-care (POC). Compared to traditional microfluidic devices, µPADs offer notable advantages; they are cost-effective, easily fabricated, disposable, and portable. Because of our better understanding and advanced engineering of µPADs, multistep assays, high detection sensitivity, and rapid result readout have become possible, and recently developed µPADs have gained extensive interest in parallel analyses to detect biomarkers of interest. In this review, we focus on recent developments in order to achieve µPADs with high-throughput capability. We discuss existing fabrication techniques and designs, and we introduce and discuss current detection methods and their applications to multiplexed detection assays in relation to clinical diagnosis, drug analysis and screening, environmental monitoring, and food and beverage quality control. A summary with future perspectives for µPADs is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siraprapa Boobphahom
- Metallurgy and Materials Science Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University, Soi Chula 12, Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
| | - Mai Nguyet Ly
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Biological Interfaces, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Korea; (M.N.L.); (V.S.); (N.P.); (O.-S.K.)
| | - Veasna Soum
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Biological Interfaces, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Korea; (M.N.L.); (V.S.); (N.P.); (O.-S.K.)
| | - Nayoon Pyun
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Biological Interfaces, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Korea; (M.N.L.); (V.S.); (N.P.); (O.-S.K.)
| | - Oh-Sun Kwon
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Biological Interfaces, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Korea; (M.N.L.); (V.S.); (N.P.); (O.-S.K.)
| | - Nadnudda Rodthongkum
- Metallurgy and Materials Science Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University, Soi Chula 12, Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
| | - Kwanwoo Shin
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Biological Interfaces, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Korea; (M.N.L.); (V.S.); (N.P.); (O.-S.K.)
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