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Zhang S, Chen Z, Deng Z, Fu P, Yu Y, Zhuang Q, Yu X, Chen H, Li A, Zheng L. The value of calcofluor white in the diagnosis of invasive fungal diseases. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 108:116186. [PMID: 38278003 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the value of calcofluor white in the diagnosis of invasive fungal disease (IFD). METHODS A total of 84 patients with possible pulmonary fungal infection who underwent bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were included. All BALF specimens were subjected to Calcofluor white (CFW), potassium hydroxide (KOH) and Gram stains. RESULTS CFW has the most sensitivity than KOH and Gram staining. The specificity of CFW was 92.00 %, which was lower than that of Gram staining. The PPVs for CFW, KOH and Gram staining were 94.44 %, 84.62 % and 80.00 % respectively. The NPVs for CFW, KOH and Gram staining was 47.92 %, 32.39 % and 30.38 % respectively. The AUCs of these three methods were 0.748, 0.550 and 0.510 respectively. CONCLUSION CFW is superior to KOH and Gram staining in the diagnosis of invasive fungal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuya Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhongbo Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zaichun Deng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Panfeng Fu
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yiming Yu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qidong Zhuang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuechan Yu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Anqi Li
- Department of Microbiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lin Zheng
- Department of Microbiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
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Richter F, Calonne-Salmon M, van der Heijden MGA, Declerck S, Stanley CE. AMF-SporeChip provides new insights into arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal asymbiotic hyphal growth dynamics at the cellular level. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:1930-1946. [PMID: 38416560 PMCID: PMC10964749 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00859b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) form symbiotic associations with the majority of land plants and deliver a wide range of soil-based ecosystem services. Due to their conspicuous belowground lifestyle in a dark environment surrounded by soil particles, much is still to be learned about the influence of environmental (i.e., physical) cues on spore germination, hyphal morphogenesis and anastomosis/hyphal healing mechanisms. To fill existing gaps in AMF knowledge, we developed a new microfluidic platform - the AMF-SporeChip - to visualise the foraging behaviour of germinating Rhizophagus and Gigaspora spores and confront asymbiotic hyphae with physical obstacles. In combination with timelapse microscopy, the fungi could be examined at the cellular level and in real-time. The AMF-SporeChip allowed us to acquire movies with unprecedented visual clarity and therefore identify various exploration strategies of AMF asymbiotic hyphae. We witnessed tip-to-tip and tip-to-side hyphal anastomosis formation. Anastomosis involved directed hyphal growth in a "stop-and-go" manner, yielding visual evidence of pre-anastomosis signalling and decision-making. Remarkably, we also revealed a so-far undescribed reversible cytoplasmic retraction, including the formation of up to 8 septa upon retraction, as part of a highly dynamic space navigation, probably evolved to optimise foraging efficiency. Our findings demonstrated how AMF employ an intricate mechanism of space searching, involving reversible cytoplasmic retraction, branching and directional changes. In turn, the AMF-SporeChip is expected to open many future frontiers for AMF research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Richter
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - Maryline Calonne-Salmon
- Laboratory of Mycology, Earth and Life Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Marcel G A van der Heijden
- Agroecology and Environment Research Division, Agroscope, 8046 Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Stéphane Declerck
- Laboratory of Mycology, Earth and Life Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Claire E Stanley
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
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Yang Z, Feng Y, Li D, Pang Z, Wang S, Chen H, Jiang M, Yan H, Li T, Fu H, Xiong H, Shi D. 5-aminolevulinic acid-photodynamic therapy ameliorates cutaneous granuloma by killing drug-resistant Mycobacterium marinum. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 38:102839. [PMID: 35367615 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.102839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) has been extensively used to treat various skin diseases, its application to the treatment of cutaneous infection caused by Mycobacterium marinum (M. marinum), especially by drug-resistant M. marinum, is still unclear. OBJECTIVES We evaluated the efficacy of ALA-PDT on M. marinum in a mouse infection model and tested its killing effect on M. marinum in vitro. We also investigated the clinical effect of ALA-PDT on cutaneous granuloma caused by drug-resistant M. marinum. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 9 M. marinum strains isolated from patients were tested for anti-mycobacterial susceptibility. The effects of ALA-PDT on M. marinum in vitro and in mice model were investigated. Therapeutic efficacy was further assessed in two patients with cutaneous granuloma caused by drug- resistant M. marinum. RESULTS We demonstrated that ALA-PDT directly killed M. marinum in vitro. The cutaneous lesions on mouse paws caused by M. marinum were fully recovered 4 weeks after the ALA-PDT treatment. ALA-PDT was also effective in two patients with cutaneous infection caused by drug-resistant M. marinum. The level of intracellular ROS in M. marinum treated with ALA-PDT was significantly higher than that of M. marinum alone. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that ALA-PDT is effective in treating M. marinum cutaneous infections by releasing more reactive oxygen species to kill M. marinum directly, and these effects are independent of systemic immune responses. The data highlights that ALA-PDT is a promising therapeutic choice for treatment of M. marinum cutaneous infections, especially drug-resistant M. marinum infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiya Yang
- The Laboratory of Medical Mycology, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining 272000, Shandong, China
| | - Yahui Feng
- College of Clinical Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, Shandong, China
| | - Dongmei Li
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Zhiping Pang
- The Laboratory of Medical Mycology, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining 272000, Shandong, China
| | - Sisi Wang
- The Laboratory of Medical Mycology, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining 272000, Shandong, China
| | - Huiqi Chen
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, Shandong, China
| | - Mingze Jiang
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, Shandong, China
| | - Hongxia Yan
- Department of Dermatology, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining 272001, Shandong, China
| | - Tianhang Li
- Department of Dermatology, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining 272001, Shandong, China
| | - Hongjun Fu
- Department of Dermatology, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining 272001, Shandong, China
| | - Huabao Xiong
- Institute of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Basic Medical School, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China..
| | - Dongmei Shi
- The Laboratory of Medical Mycology, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining 272000, Shandong, China.; Department of Dermatology, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining 272001, Shandong, China.
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