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Kobayashi M, Miyauchi A, Jimbo EF, Oishi N, Aoki S, Watanabe M, Yoshikawa Y, Akiyama Y, Yamagata T, Osaka H. Synthetic aporphine alkaloids are potential therapeutics for Leigh syndrome. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11561. [PMID: 38773300 PMCID: PMC11109252 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62445-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial diseases are mainly caused by dysfunction of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes and have a variety of genetic variants or phenotypes. There are only a few approved treatments, and fundamental therapies are yet to be developed. Leigh syndrome (LS) is the most severe type of progressive encephalopathy. We previously reported that apomorphine, an anti- "off" agent for Parkinson's disease, has cell-protective activity in patient-derived skin fibroblasts in addition to strong dopamine agonist effect. We obtained 26 apomorphine analogs, synthesized 20 apomorphine derivatives, and determined their anti-cell death effect, dopamine agonist activity, and effects on the mitochondrial function. We found three novel apomorphine derivatives with an active hydroxy group at position 11 of the aporphine framework, with a high anti-cell death effect without emetic dopamine agonist activity. These synthetic aporphine alkaloids are potent therapeutics for mitochondrial diseases without emetic side effects and have the potential to overcome the low bioavailability of apomorphine. Moreover, they have high anti-ferroptotic activity and therefore have potential as a therapeutic agent for diseases related to ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mizuki Kobayashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Akihiko Miyauchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Eriko F Jimbo
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Natsumi Oishi
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Shiho Aoki
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Miyuki Watanabe
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Yasushi Yoshikawa
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, 226-8501, Japan
- Department of Computer Science, School of Computing, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
- Middle-Molecule IT-Based Drug Discovery Laboratory (MIDL), Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-0821, Japan
| | - Yutaka Akiyama
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, 226-8501, Japan
- Department of Computer Science, School of Computing, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
- Middle-Molecule IT-Based Drug Discovery Laboratory (MIDL), Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-0821, Japan
| | - Takanori Yamagata
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Osaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan.
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Miyauchi A, Watanabe C, Yamada N, Jimbo EF, Kobayashi M, Ohishi N, Nagayoshi A, Aoki S, Kishita Y, Ohtake A, Ohno N, Takahashi M, Yamagata T, Osaka H. Apomorphine is a potent inhibitor of ferroptosis independent of dopaminergic receptors. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4820. [PMID: 38413694 PMCID: PMC10899610 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55293-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Originally, apomorphine was a broad-spectrum dopamine agonist with an affinity for all subtypes of the Dopamine D1 receptor to the D5 receptor. We previously identified apomorphine as a potential therapeutic agent for mitochondrial diseases by screening a chemical library of fibroblasts from patients with mitochondrial diseases. In this study, we showed that apomorphine prevented ferroptosis in fibroblasts from various types of mitochondrial diseases as well as in normal controls. Well-known biomarkers of ferroptosis include protein markers such as prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2), a key gene for ferroptosis-related inflammation PTGS2, lipid peroxidation, and reactive oxygen species. Our findings that apomorphine induced significant downregulation of PTSG2 and suppressed lipid peroxide to the same extent as other inhibitors of ferroptosis also indicate that apomorphine suppresses ferroptosis. To our knowledge, this is the first study to report that the anti-ferroptosis effect of apomorphine is not related to dopamine receptor agonist action and that apomorphine is a potent inhibitor of ferroptotic cell death independent of dopaminergic receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiko Miyauchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan.
| | - Chika Watanabe
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Naoya Yamada
- Division of Inflammation Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Eriko F Jimbo
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Mizuki Kobayashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Natsumi Ohishi
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Atsuko Nagayoshi
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Shiho Aoki
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Kishita
- Diagnostics and Therapeutics of Intractable Diseases, Intractable Disease Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Life Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akira Ohtake
- Department of Clinical Genomics & Pediatrics (Faculty of Medicine), Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
- Center for Intractable Diseases, Saitama Medical University Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Ohno
- Department of Anatomy, Division of Histology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
- Division of Ultrastructural Research, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Masafumi Takahashi
- Division of Inflammation Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Takanori Yamagata
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Osaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan.
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Diodato D, Schiff M, Cohen BH, Bertini E, Rahman S. 258th ENMC international workshop Leigh syndrome spectrum: genetic causes, natural history and preparing for clinical trials 25-27 March 2022, Hoofddorp, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Neuromuscul Disord 2023; 33:700-709. [PMID: 37541860 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2023.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Daria Diodato
- Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Manuel Schiff
- Reference Center for Mitochondrial Disease, CARAMMEL, Necker University Hospital, APHP and University of Paris Cité, Paris, France; INSERM UMRS_1163, Institut Imagine, Paris, France
| | - Bruce H Cohen
- Department of Pediatrics and Rebecca D. Considine Research Institute, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron, OH, United States
| | - Enrico Bertini
- Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Shamima Rahman
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London WC1N 1EH, UK and Metabolic Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London WC1N 3JH, United Kingdom.
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Watanabe C, Osaka H, Watanabe M, Miyauchi A, Jimbo EF, Tokuyama T, Uosaki H, Kishita Y, Okazaki Y, Onuki T, Ebihara T, Aizawa K, Murayama K, Ohtake A, Yamagata T. Total and reduced/oxidized forms of coenzyme Q 10 in fibroblasts of patients with mitochondrial disease. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2023; 34:100951. [PMID: 36632326 PMCID: PMC9826971 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2022.100951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is involved in ATP production through electron transfer in the mitochondrial respiratory chain complex. CoQ10 receives electrons from respiratory chain complex I and II to become the reduced form, and then transfers electrons at complex III to become the oxidized form. The redox state of CoQ10 has been reported to be a marker of the mitochondrial metabolic state, but to our knowledge, no reports have focused on the individual quantification of reduced and oxidized CoQ10 or the ratio of reduced to total CoQ10 (reduced/total CoQ10) in patients with mitochondrial diseases. We measured reduced and oxidized CoQ10 in skin fibroblasts from 24 mitochondrial disease patients, including 5 primary CoQ10 deficiency patients and 10 respiratory chain complex deficiency patients, and determined the reduced/total CoQ10 ratio. In primary CoQ10 deficiency patients, total CoQ10 levels were significantly decreased, however, the reduced/total CoQ10 ratio was not changed. On the other hand, in mitochondrial disease patients other than primary CoQ10 deficiency patients, total CoQ10 levels did not decrease. However, the reduced/total CoQ10 ratio in patients with respiratory chain complex IV and V deficiency was higher in comparison to those with respiratory chain complex I deficiency. Measurement of CoQ10 in fibroblasts proved useful for the diagnosis of primary CoQ10 deficiency. In addition, the reduced/total CoQ10 ratio may reflect the metabolic status of mitochondrial disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chika Watanabe
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Osaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
- Corresponding author at: Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke-shi, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan.
| | - Miyuki Watanabe
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Akihiko Miyauchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Eriko F. Jimbo
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Takeshi Tokuyama
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hideki Uosaki
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Kishita
- Diagnostics and Therapeutic of Intractable Diseases, Intractable Disease Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Life Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasushi Okazaki
- Diagnostics and Therapeutic of Intractable Diseases, Intractable Disease Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory for Comprehensive Genomic Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takanori Onuki
- Center for Medical Genetics and Department of Metabolism, Chiba Children's Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Ebihara
- Center for Medical Genetics and Department of Metabolism, Chiba Children's Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kenichi Aizawa
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Kei Murayama
- Center for Medical Genetics and Department of Metabolism, Chiba Children's Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akira Ohtake
- Department of Clinical Genomics & Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
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Zhang C, Zheng D, Feng W, Zhang H, Han F, He W, Liu A, Huang H, Chen J. Olanzapine: Association Between a Typical Antipsychotic Drug and Aortic Calcification. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:710090. [PMID: 34568454 PMCID: PMC8460775 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.710090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: This study concentrates on the relationship between antipsychotic drugs (APDs) and aortic calcification. Methods: All 56 patients with schizophrenia were divided into two groups according to aortic calcification index. APD equivalent dose was calculated via defined daily doses method. Results: In schizophrenia patients with higher aortic calcification index scores, APD equivalent doses were lower. APD equivalent dose was negatively related to aortic calcification index. Although equivalent APD dose in patients without olanzapine treatment was negatively related to aortic calcification index, it seems that equivalent APD dose did not associate with aortic calcification. Conclusion: Aortic calcification is negatively associated with APD dose in schizophrenia patients. Olanzapine seems to be vital to the relationship between aortic calcification and APD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongdong Zheng
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric Hospital of Guangzhou Civil Affairs Bureau, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weijing Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huanji Zhang
- Cardiovascular Department, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Feng Han
- Department of Ultrasound, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanbing He
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aiting Liu
- Cardiovascular Department, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Cardiovascular Department, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Lee JY, Ham J, Lim W, Song G. Apomorphine facilitates loss of respiratory chain activity in human epithelial ovarian cancer and inhibits angiogenesis in vivo. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 154:95-104. [PMID: 32437927 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Apomorphine, a therapeutic agent for neurological diseases, is structurally similar to dopamine, and thereby holds potential in cancer therapy. However, there are no reports regarding its anti-cancer effects on human epithelial ovarian cancers (EOCs); therefore, we aimed to elucidate the mechanism underlying its action after drug repositioning. Apomorphine inhibited the proliferation of ES2 and OV90 EOC cells by inducing caspase activation and mitochondrion-associated apoptosis; it also promoted endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial dysfunction through mitochondrial membrane potential depolarization and mitochondrial calcium overload. Moreover, following apomorphine treatment, we noted the loss of respiratory chain activity by reduction of oxidative phosphorylation and energy-production shift in EOC cells. Further, we verified the anti-angiogenic capacity of apomorphine using fli:eGFP transgenic zebrafish. As a preclinical assessment, we demonstrated the synergistic anti-cancer effects of apomorphine and paclitaxel combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Young Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Jiyeon Ham
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Whasun Lim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kookmin University, Seoul, 02707, Republic of Korea.
| | - Gwonhwa Song
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
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Yamada Y, Somiya K, Miyauchi A, Osaka H, Harashima H. Validation of a mitochondrial RNA therapeutic strategy using fibroblasts from a Leigh syndrome patient with a mutation in the mitochondrial ND3 gene. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7511. [PMID: 32371897 PMCID: PMC7200808 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64322-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We report on the validation of a mitochondrial gene therapeutic strategy using fibroblasts from a Leigh syndrome patient by the mitochondrial delivery of therapeutic mRNA. The treatment involves delivering normal ND3 protein-encoding mRNA as a therapeutic RNA to mitochondria of the fibroblasts from a patient with a T10158C mutation in the mtDNA coding the ND3 protein, a component of the mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I. The treatment involved the use of a liposome-based carrier (a MITO-Porter) for delivering therapeutic RNA to mitochondria via membrane fusion. The results confirmed that the mitochondrial transfection of therapeutic RNA by the MITO-Porter system resulted in a decrease in the levels of mutant RNA in mitochondria of diseased cells based on reverse transcription quantitative PCR. An evaluation of mitochondrial respiratory activity by respirometry also showed that transfection using the MITO-Porter resulted in an increase in maximal mitochondrial respiratory activity in the diseased cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuma Yamada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12 Nishi-6, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan.
| | - Kana Somiya
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12 Nishi-6, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Akihiko Miyauchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Osaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Hideyoshi Harashima
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12 Nishi-6, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan.
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