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Spurlock B, Qian L. Tracing the history of a heart. eLife 2023; 12:e89988. [PMID: 37449466 PMCID: PMC10348739 DOI: 10.7554/elife.89988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Newly developed tools will help researchers understand how the human heart develops and build better models to study and treat congenital heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Spurlock
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, McAllister Heart Institute, University of North CarolinaChapel HillUnited States
| | - Li Qian
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, McAllister Heart Institute, University of North CarolinaChapel HillUnited States
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2
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Kocere A, Lalonde RL, Mosimann C, Burger A. Lateral thinking in syndromic congenital cardiovascular disease. Dis Model Mech 2023; 16:dmm049735. [PMID: 37125615 PMCID: PMC10184679 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Syndromic birth defects are rare diseases that can present with seemingly pleiotropic comorbidities. Prime examples are rare congenital heart and cardiovascular anomalies that can be accompanied by forelimb defects, kidney disorders and more. Whether such multi-organ defects share a developmental link remains a key question with relevance to the diagnosis, therapeutic intervention and long-term care of affected patients. The heart, endothelial and blood lineages develop together from the lateral plate mesoderm (LPM), which also harbors the progenitor cells for limb connective tissue, kidneys, mesothelia and smooth muscle. This developmental plasticity of the LPM, which founds on multi-lineage progenitor cells and shared transcription factor expression across different descendant lineages, has the potential to explain the seemingly disparate syndromic defects in rare congenital diseases. Combining patient genome-sequencing data with model organism studies has already provided a wealth of insights into complex LPM-associated birth defects, such as heart-hand syndromes. Here, we summarize developmental and known disease-causing mechanisms in early LPM patterning, address how defects in these processes drive multi-organ comorbidities, and outline how several cardiovascular and hematopoietic birth defects with complex comorbidities may be LPM-associated diseases. We also discuss strategies to integrate patient sequencing, data-aggregating resources and model organism studies to mechanistically decode congenital defects, including potentially LPM-associated orphan diseases. Eventually, linking complex congenital phenotypes to a common LPM origin provides a framework to discover developmental mechanisms and to anticipate comorbidities in congenital diseases affecting the cardiovascular system and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnese Kocere
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Department of Pediatrics, Section of Developmental Biology, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Department of Molecular Life Science, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Robert L. Lalonde
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Department of Pediatrics, Section of Developmental Biology, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Christian Mosimann
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Department of Pediatrics, Section of Developmental Biology, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Alexa Burger
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Department of Pediatrics, Section of Developmental Biology, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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3
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Lescroart F, Dumas CE, Adachi N, Kelly RG. Emergence of heart and branchiomeric muscles in cardiopharyngeal mesoderm. Exp Cell Res 2021; 410:112931. [PMID: 34798131 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Branchiomeric muscles of the head and neck originate in a population of cranial mesoderm termed cardiopharyngeal mesoderm that also contains progenitor cells contributing to growth of the embryonic heart. Retrospective lineage analysis has shown that branchiomeric muscles share a clonal origin with parts of the heart, indicating the presence of common heart and head muscle progenitor cells in the early embryo. Genetic lineage tracing and functional studies in the mouse, as well as in Ciona and zebrafish, together with recent experiments using single cell transcriptomics and multipotent stem cells, have provided further support for the existence of bipotent head and heart muscle progenitor cells. Current challenges concern defining where and when such common progenitor cells exist in mammalian embryos and how alternative myogenic derivatives emerge in cardiopharyngeal mesoderm. Addressing these questions will provide insights into mechanisms of cell fate acquisition and the evolution of vertebrate musculature, as well as clinical insights into the origins of muscle restricted myopathies and congenital defects affecting craniofacial and cardiac development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Camille E Dumas
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS UMR 7288, IBDM, 13009, Marseille, France
| | - Noritaka Adachi
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS UMR 7288, IBDM, 13009, Marseille, France
| | - Robert G Kelly
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS UMR 7288, IBDM, 13009, Marseille, France.
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4
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Kemmler CL, Riemslagh FW, Moran HR, Mosimann C. From Stripes to a Beating Heart: Early Cardiac Development in Zebrafish. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2021; 8:17. [PMID: 33578943 PMCID: PMC7916704 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd8020017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The heart is the first functional organ to form during vertebrate development. Congenital heart defects are the most common type of human birth defect, many originating as anomalies in early heart development. The zebrafish model provides an accessible vertebrate system to study early heart morphogenesis and to gain new insights into the mechanisms of congenital disease. Although composed of only two chambers compared with the four-chambered mammalian heart, the zebrafish heart integrates the core processes and cellular lineages central to cardiac development across vertebrates. The rapid, translucent development of zebrafish is amenable to in vivo imaging and genetic lineage tracing techniques, providing versatile tools to study heart field migration and myocardial progenitor addition and differentiation. Combining transgenic reporters with rapid genome engineering via CRISPR-Cas9 allows for functional testing of candidate genes associated with congenital heart defects and the discovery of molecular causes leading to observed phenotypes. Here, we summarize key insights gained through zebrafish studies into the early patterning of uncommitted lateral plate mesoderm into cardiac progenitors and their regulation. We review the central genetic mechanisms, available tools, and approaches for modeling congenital heart anomalies in the zebrafish as a representative vertebrate model.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Christian Mosimann
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Developmental Biology, University of Colorado School of Medicine and Children’s Hospital Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (C.L.K.); (F.W.R.); (H.R.M.)
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5
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de Winter TJJ, Nusse R. Running Against the Wnt: How Wnt/β-Catenin Suppresses Adipogenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:627429. [PMID: 33634128 PMCID: PMC7900430 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.627429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) give rise to adipocytes, osteocytes, and chondrocytes and reside in various tissues, including bone marrow and adipose tissue. The differentiation choices of MSCs are controlled by several signaling pathways, including the Wnt/β-catenin signaling. When MSCs undergo adipogenesis, they first differentiate into preadipocytes, a proliferative adipocyte precursor cell, after which they undergo terminal differentiation into mature adipocytes. These two steps are controlled by the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, in such a way that when signaling is abrogated, the next step in adipocyte differentiation can start. This sequence suggests that the main role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling is to suppress differentiation while increasing MSC and preadipocytes cell mass. During later steps of MSC differentiation, however, active Wnt signaling can promote osteogenesis instead of keeping the MSCs undifferentiated and proliferative. The exact mechanisms behind the various functions of Wnt signaling remain elusive, although recent research has revealed that during lineage commitment of MSCs into preadipocytes, Wnt signaling is inactivated by endogenous Wnt inhibitors. In part, this process is regulated by histone-modifying enzymes, which can lead to increased or decreased Wnt gene expression. The role of Wnt in adipogenesis, as well as in osteogenesis, has implications for metabolic diseases since Wnt signaling may serve as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Twan J J de Winter
- Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Roeland Nusse
- Department of Developmental Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford, CA, United States.,School of Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
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6
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Swedlund B, Lescroart F. Cardiopharyngeal Progenitor Specification: Multiple Roads to the Heart and Head Muscles. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2020; 12:a036731. [PMID: 31818856 PMCID: PMC7397823 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a036731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
During embryonic development, the heart arises from various sources of undifferentiated mesodermal progenitors, with an additional contribution from ectodermal neural crest cells. Mesodermal cardiac progenitors are plastic and multipotent, but are nevertheless specified to a precise heart region and cell type very early during development. Recent findings have defined both this lineage plasticity and early commitment of cardiac progenitors, using a combination of single-cell and population analyses. In this review, we discuss several aspects of cardiac progenitor specification. We discuss their markers, fate potential in vitro and in vivo, early segregation and commitment, and also intrinsic and extrinsic cues regulating lineage restriction from multipotency to a specific cell type of the heart. Finally, we also discuss the subdivisions of the cardiopharyngeal field, and the shared origins of the heart with other mesodermal derivatives, including head and neck muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Swedlund
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Cancer, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
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7
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Primary cilia mediate Klf2-dependant Notch activation in regenerating heart. Protein Cell 2020; 11:433-445. [PMID: 32249387 PMCID: PMC7251007 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-020-00695-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Unlike adult mammalian heart, zebrafish heart has a remarkable capacity to regenerate after injury. Previous study has shown Notch signaling activation in the endocardium is essential for regeneration of the myocardium and this activation is mediated by hemodynamic alteration after injury, however, the molecular mechanism has not been fully explored. In this study we demonstrated that blood flow change could be perceived and transmitted in a primary cilia dependent manner to control the hemodynamic responsive klf2 gene expression and subsequent activation of Notch signaling in the endocardium. First we showed that both homologues of human gene KLF2 in zebrafish, klf2a and klf2b, could respond to hemodynamic alteration and both were required for Notch signaling activation and heart regeneration. Further experiments indicated that the upregulation of klf2 gene expression was mediated by endocardial primary cilia. Overall, our findings reveal a novel aspect of mechanical shear stress signal in activating Notch pathway and regulating cardiac regeneration.
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8
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A single-cell transcriptional roadmap for cardiopharyngeal fate diversification. Nat Cell Biol 2019; 21:674-686. [PMID: 31160712 PMCID: PMC7491489 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-019-0336-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
In vertebrates, multipotent progenitors located in the pharyngeal mesoderm form cardiomyocytes and branchiomeric head muscles, but the dynamic gene expression programmes and mechanisms underlying cardiopharyngeal multipotency and heart versus head muscle fate choices remain elusive. Here, we used single-cell genomics in the simple chordate model Ciona to reconstruct developmental trajectories forming first and second heart lineages and pharyngeal muscle precursors and characterize the molecular underpinnings of cardiopharyngeal fate choices. We show that FGF-MAPK signalling maintains multipotency and promotes the pharyngeal muscle fate, whereas signal termination permits the deployment of a pan-cardiac programme, shared by the first and second heart lineages, to define heart identity. In the second heart lineage, a Tbx1/10-Dach pathway actively suppresses the first heart lineage programme, conditioning later cell diversity in the beating heart. Finally, cross-species comparisons between Ciona and the mouse evoke the deep evolutionary origins of cardiopharyngeal networks in chordates.
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9
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Song YC, Dohn TE, Rydeen AB, Nechiporuk AV, Waxman JS. HDAC1-mediated repression of the retinoic acid-responsive gene ripply3 promotes second heart field development. PLoS Genet 2019; 15:e1008165. [PMID: 31091225 PMCID: PMC6538190 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Coordinated transcriptional and epigenetic mechanisms that direct development of the later differentiating second heart field (SHF) progenitors remain largely unknown. Here, we show that a novel zebrafish histone deacetylase 1 (hdac1) mutant allele cardiac really gone (crg) has a deficit of ventricular cardiomyocytes (VCs) and smooth muscle within the outflow tract (OFT) due to both cell and non-cell autonomous loss in SHF progenitor proliferation. Cyp26-deficient embryos, which have increased retinoic acid (RA) levels, have similar defects in SHF-derived OFT development. We found that nkx2.5+ progenitors from Hdac1 and Cyp26-deficient embryos have ectopic expression of ripply3, a transcriptional co-repressor of T-box transcription factors that is normally restricted to the posterior pharyngeal endoderm. Furthermore, the ripply3 expression domain is expanded anteriorly into the posterior nkx2.5+ progenitor domain in crg mutants. Importantly, excess ripply3 is sufficient to repress VC development, while genetic depletion of Ripply3 and Tbx1 in crg mutants can partially restore VC number. We find that the epigenetic signature at RA response elements (RAREs) that can associate with Hdac1 and RA receptors (RARs) becomes indicative of transcriptional activation in crg mutants. Our study highlights that transcriptional repression via the epigenetic regulator Hdac1 facilitates OFT development through directly preventing expression of the RA-responsive gene ripply3 within SHF progenitors. Congenital heart defects are the most common malformations found in newborns, with many of these defects disrupting development of the outflow tract, the structure where blood is expelled from the heart. Despite their frequency, we do not have a grasp of the molecular and genetic mechanisms that underlie most congenital heart defects. Here, we show that zebrafish embryos containing a mutation in a gene called histone deacetylase 1 (hdac1) have smaller hearts with a reduction in the size of the ventricle and outflow tract. Hdac1 proteins limit accessibility to DNA and repress gene expression. We find that loss of Hdac1 in zebrafish embryos leads to increased expression of genes that are also induced by excess retinoic acid, a teratogen that induces similar outflow tract defects. Genetic loss-of-function studies support that ectopic expression of ripply3, a common target of both Hdac1 and retinoic acid signaling that is normally restricted to a subset of posterior pharyngeal cells, contributes to the smaller hearts found in zebrafish hdac1 mutants. Our study establishes a mechanism whereby the coordinated repression of genes downstream of Hdac1 and retinoic acid signaling is necessary for normal vertebrate outflow tract development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuntao Charlie Song
- Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America.,Molecular and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
| | - Tracy E Dohn
- Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America.,Molecular and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
| | - Ariel B Rydeen
- Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America.,Molecular and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
| | - Alex V Nechiporuk
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States of America
| | - Joshua S Waxman
- Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
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10
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Abstract
According to current scientific standards, the fascia is a connective tissue derived from two separate germ layers, the mesoderm (trunk and limbs, part of the neck) and the ectoderm (cervical tract and skull). The fascia has the property of maintaining the shape and function of its anatomical district, but it also can adapt to mechanical-metabolic stimuli. Smooth muscle and non-voluntary striated musculature originated from the mesoderm have never been properly considered as a type of fascia. They are some of the viscera present in the mediastinum, in the abdomen and in the pelvic floor. This text represents the first article in the international scientific field that discusses the inclusion of some viscera in the context of what is considered fascia, thanks to the efforts of our committee for the definition and nomenclature of the fascial tissue of the Foundation of Osteopathic Research and Clinical Endorsement (FORCE).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Bordoni
- Cardiology, Foundation Don Carlo Gnocchi, Milan, ITA
| | | | - Bruno Morabito
- Osteopathy, School of Osteopathic Centre for Research and Studies, Milan, ITA
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11
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Kaplan NA, Wang W, Christiaen L. Initial characterization of Wnt-Tcf functions during Ciona heart development. Dev Biol 2019; 448:199-209. [PMID: 30635127 PMCID: PMC6487219 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2018.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In vertebrate embryos, the cardiopharyngeal mesoderm gives rise to both cardiac and branchiomeric head muscles. The canonical Wnt signaling pathway regulates many aspects of cardiomyocyte specification, and modulates a balance between skeletal and cardiac myogenesis during vertebrate head muscle development. However, the role of Wnt signaling during ascidian cardiopharyngeal development remains elusive. Here, we documented the expression of Wnt pathway components during cardiopharyngeal development in Ciona, and generated tools to investigate potential roles for Wnt signaling, and its transcriptional effector Tcf, on heart vs. pharyngeal muscle fate specification. Neither focused functional analyses nor lineage-specific transcriptome profiling uncovered a significant role for Tcf during early cardiac vs. pharyngeal muscle fate choice. By contrast, Wnt gene expression patterns of Frizzled4 and Lrp4/8 and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated Tcf knock-down suggested a later requirement for Wnt signaling during heart morphogenesis and/or cardiomyocyte differentiation. This study provides a provisional set of reagents to study Wnt signaling function in Ciona, and promising insights for future analyses of Wnt functions during heart organogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole A Kaplan
- Center for Developmental Genetics, Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Wei Wang
- Center for Developmental Genetics, Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lionel Christiaen
- Center for Developmental Genetics, Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
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12
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Prünster MM, Ricci L, Brown FD, Tiozzo S. Modular co-option of cardiopharyngeal genes during non-embryonic myogenesis. EvoDevo 2019; 10:3. [PMID: 30867897 PMCID: PMC6399929 DOI: 10.1186/s13227-019-0116-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In chordates, cardiac and body muscles arise from different embryonic origins. In addition, myogenesis can be triggered in adult organisms, during asexual development or regeneration. In non-vertebrate chordates like ascidians, muscles originate from embryonic precursors regulated by a conserved set of genes that orchestrate cell behavior and dynamics during development. In colonial ascidians, besides embryogenesis and metamorphosis, an adult can propagate asexually via blastogenesis, skipping embryo and larval stages, and form anew the adult body, including the complete body musculature. Results To investigate the cellular origin and mechanisms that trigger non-embryonic myogenesis, we followed the expression of ascidian myogenic genes during Botryllus schlosseri blastogenesis and reconstructed the dynamics of muscle precursors. Based on the expression dynamics of Tbx1/10, Ebf, Mrf, Myh3 for body wall and of FoxF, Tbx1/10, Nk4, Myh2 for heart development, we show that the embryonic factors regulating myogenesis are only partially co-opted in blastogenesis, and that markers for muscle precursors are expressed in two separate domains: the dorsal tube and the ventral mesenchyma. Conclusions Regardless of the developmental pathway, non-embryonic myogenesis shares a similar molecular and anatomical setup as embryonic myogenesis, but implements a co-option and loss of molecular modules. We then propose that the cellular precursors contributing to heart and body muscles may have different origins and may be coordinated by different developmental pathways. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13227-019-0116-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Mandela Prünster
- 1Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement de Villefranche-sur-mer (LBDV), CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 06230 Villefranche sur Mer, France
| | - Lorenzo Ricci
- 1Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement de Villefranche-sur-mer (LBDV), CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 06230 Villefranche sur Mer, France.,2Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 52 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
| | - Federico D Brown
- 3Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP CEP 05508-090 Brazil.,4Centro de Biologia Marinha (CEBIMar), Universidade de São Paulo, São Sebastião, SP CEP 11612-109 Brazil
| | - Stefano Tiozzo
- 1Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement de Villefranche-sur-mer (LBDV), CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 06230 Villefranche sur Mer, France
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Gibb N, Lazic S, Yuan X, Deshwar AR, Leslie M, Wilson MD, Scott IC. Hey2 regulates the size of the cardiac progenitor pool during vertebrate heart development. Development 2018; 145:dev.167510. [PMID: 30355727 DOI: 10.1242/dev.167510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
A key event in heart development is the timely addition of cardiac progenitor cells, defects in which can lead to congenital heart defects. However, how the balance and proportion of progenitor proliferation versus addition to the heart is regulated remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that Hey2 functions to regulate the dynamics of cardiac progenitor addition to the zebrafish heart. We found that the previously noted increase in myocardial cell number found in the absence of Hey2 function was due to a pronounced expansion in the size of the cardiac progenitor pool. Expression analysis and lineage tracing of hey2-expressing cells showed that hey2 is active in cardiac progenitors. Hey2 acted to limit proliferation of cardiac progenitors, prior to heart tube formation. Use of a transplantation approach demonstrated a likely cell-autonomous (in cardiac progenitors) function for Hey2. Taken together, our data suggest a previously unappreciated role for Hey2 in controlling the proliferative capacity of cardiac progenitors, affecting the subsequent contribution of late-differentiating cardiac progenitors to the developing vertebrate heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Gibb
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Savo Lazic
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Xuefei Yuan
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada.,Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Ashish R Deshwar
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Meaghan Leslie
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada.,Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Michael D Wilson
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Ian C Scott
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada .,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada.,Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1M1, Canada.,Heart and Stroke Richard Lewar Centres of Excellence in Cardiovascular Research, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H2, Canada
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14
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Razy-Krajka F, Gravez B, Kaplan N, Racioppi C, Wang W, Christiaen L. An FGF-driven feed-forward circuit patterns the cardiopharyngeal mesoderm in space and time. eLife 2018; 7:e29656. [PMID: 29431097 PMCID: PMC5809146 DOI: 10.7554/elife.29656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In embryos, multipotent progenitors divide to produce distinct progeny and express their full potential. In vertebrates, multipotent cardiopharyngeal progenitors produce second-heart-field-derived cardiomyocytes, and branchiomeric skeletal head muscles. However, the mechanisms underlying these early fate choices remain largely elusive. The tunicate Ciona emerged as an attractive model to study early cardiopharyngeal development at high resolution: through two asymmetric and oriented divisions, defined cardiopharyngeal progenitors produce distinct first and second heart precursors, and pharyngeal muscle (aka atrial siphon muscle, ASM) precursors. Here, we demonstrate that differential FGF-MAPK signaling distinguishes between heart and ASM precursors. We characterize a feed-forward circuit that promotes the successive activations of essential ASM determinants, Hand-related, Tbx1/10 and Ebf. Finally, we show that coupling FGF-MAPK restriction and cardiopharyngeal network deployment with cell divisions defines the timing of gene expression and permits the emergence of diverse cell types from multipotent progenitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Razy-Krajka
- Center for Developmental Genetics, Department of BiologyCollege of Arts and Science, New York UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | - Basile Gravez
- Center for Developmental Genetics, Department of BiologyCollege of Arts and Science, New York UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | - Nicole Kaplan
- Center for Developmental Genetics, Department of BiologyCollege of Arts and Science, New York UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | - Claudia Racioppi
- Center for Developmental Genetics, Department of BiologyCollege of Arts and Science, New York UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | - Wei Wang
- Center for Developmental Genetics, Department of BiologyCollege of Arts and Science, New York UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | - Lionel Christiaen
- Center for Developmental Genetics, Department of BiologyCollege of Arts and Science, New York UniversityNew YorkUnited States
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