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Schlueter BC, Quanz K, Baldauf J, Petrovic A, Ruppert C, Guenther A, Gall H, Tello K, Grimminger F, Ghofrani HA, Weissmann N, Seeger W, Schermuly RT, Weiss A. The diverging roles of insulin-like growth factor binding proteins in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Vascul Pharmacol 2024; 155:107379. [PMID: 38762131 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2024.107379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive, severe and to date not curable disease of the pulmonary vasculature. Alterations of the insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) system are known to play a role in vascular pathologies and IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs) are important regulators of the bioavailability and function of IGFs. In this study, we show that circulating plasma levels of IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-3 are increased in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) patients compared to healthy individuals. These binding proteins inhibit the IGF-1 induced IGF-1 receptor (IGF1R) phosphorylation and exhibit diverging effects on the IGF-1 induced signaling pathways in human pulmonary arterial cells (i.e. healthy as well as IPAH-hPASMCs, and healthy hPAECs). Furthermore, IGFBPs are differentially expressed in an experimental mouse model of PH. In hypoxic mouse lungs, IGFBP-1 mRNA expression is decreased whereas the mRNA for IGFBP-2 is increased. In contrast to IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2 shows vaso-constrictive properties in the murine pulmonary vasculature. Our analyses show that IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-2 exhibit diverging effects on IGF-1 signaling and display a unique IGF1R-independent kinase activation pattern in human pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (hPASMCs), which represent a major contributor of PAH pathobiology. Furthermore, we could show that IGFBP-2, in contrast to IGFBP-1, induces epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling, Stat-3 activation and expression of Stat-3 target genes. Based on our results, we conclude that the IGFBP family, especially IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-3, are deregulated in PAH, that they affect IGF signaling and thereby regulate the cellular phenotype in PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beate Christiane Schlueter
- Justus-Liebig-University Giessen (JLU), Aulweg 130, Giessen 35392, Germany; Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Giessen 35392, Germany; Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), EXC 2026, Project ID: 390649896, Giessen 35392, Germany; Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Karin Quanz
- Justus-Liebig-University Giessen (JLU), Aulweg 130, Giessen 35392, Germany; Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Giessen 35392, Germany; Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), EXC 2026, Project ID: 390649896, Giessen 35392, Germany; Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Julia Baldauf
- Justus-Liebig-University Giessen (JLU), Aulweg 130, Giessen 35392, Germany; Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Giessen 35392, Germany; Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), EXC 2026, Project ID: 390649896, Giessen 35392, Germany; Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Aleksandar Petrovic
- Justus-Liebig-University Giessen (JLU), Aulweg 130, Giessen 35392, Germany; Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Giessen 35392, Germany; Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), EXC 2026, Project ID: 390649896, Giessen 35392, Germany; Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Clemens Ruppert
- Justus-Liebig-University Giessen (JLU), Aulweg 130, Giessen 35392, Germany; Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Giessen 35392, Germany; Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), EXC 2026, Project ID: 390649896, Giessen 35392, Germany; Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Andreas Guenther
- Justus-Liebig-University Giessen (JLU), Aulweg 130, Giessen 35392, Germany; Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Giessen 35392, Germany; Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), EXC 2026, Project ID: 390649896, Giessen 35392, Germany; Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen 35392, Germany; Agaplesion Lung Clinic Waldhof-Elgershausen, Greifenstein 35753, Germany
| | - Henning Gall
- Justus-Liebig-University Giessen (JLU), Aulweg 130, Giessen 35392, Germany; Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Giessen 35392, Germany; Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), EXC 2026, Project ID: 390649896, Giessen 35392, Germany; Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen 35392, Germany; University Hospital Giessen and Marburg (UKGM), Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Khodr Tello
- Justus-Liebig-University Giessen (JLU), Aulweg 130, Giessen 35392, Germany; Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Giessen 35392, Germany; Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), EXC 2026, Project ID: 390649896, Giessen 35392, Germany; Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen 35392, Germany; University Hospital Giessen and Marburg (UKGM), Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Friedrich Grimminger
- Justus-Liebig-University Giessen (JLU), Aulweg 130, Giessen 35392, Germany; Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Giessen 35392, Germany; Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), EXC 2026, Project ID: 390649896, Giessen 35392, Germany; Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen 35392, Germany; University Hospital Giessen and Marburg (UKGM), Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Hossein-Ardeschir Ghofrani
- Justus-Liebig-University Giessen (JLU), Aulweg 130, Giessen 35392, Germany; Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Giessen 35392, Germany; Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), EXC 2026, Project ID: 390649896, Giessen 35392, Germany; Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen 35392, Germany; University Hospital Giessen and Marburg (UKGM), Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Norbert Weissmann
- Justus-Liebig-University Giessen (JLU), Aulweg 130, Giessen 35392, Germany; Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Giessen 35392, Germany; Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), EXC 2026, Project ID: 390649896, Giessen 35392, Germany; Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Werner Seeger
- Justus-Liebig-University Giessen (JLU), Aulweg 130, Giessen 35392, Germany; Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Giessen 35392, Germany; Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), EXC 2026, Project ID: 390649896, Giessen 35392, Germany; Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen 35392, Germany; Max Planck Institute (MPI) for Heart and Lung Research, Parkstrasse 1, Bad Nauheim 61231, Germany; University Hospital Giessen and Marburg (UKGM), Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Ralph Theo Schermuly
- Justus-Liebig-University Giessen (JLU), Aulweg 130, Giessen 35392, Germany; Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Giessen 35392, Germany; Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), EXC 2026, Project ID: 390649896, Giessen 35392, Germany; Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Astrid Weiss
- Justus-Liebig-University Giessen (JLU), Aulweg 130, Giessen 35392, Germany; Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Giessen 35392, Germany; Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), EXC 2026, Project ID: 390649896, Giessen 35392, Germany; Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen 35392, Germany.
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Guijarro LG, Justo Bermejo FJ, Boaru DL, De Castro-Martinez P, De Leon-Oliva D, Fraile-Martínez O, Garcia-Montero C, Alvarez-Mon M, Toledo-Lobo MDV, Ortega MA. Is Insulin Receptor Substrate4 (IRS4) a Platform Involved in the Activation of Several Oncogenes? Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4651. [PMID: 37760618 PMCID: PMC10526421 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15184651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The IRS (insulin receptor substrate) family of scaffold proteins includes insulin receptor substrate-4 (IRS4), which is expressed only in a few cell lines, including human kidney, brain, liver, and thymus and some cell lines. Its N-terminus carries a phosphotyrosine-binding (PTB) domain and a pleckstrin homology domain (PH), which distinguishes it as a member of this family. In this paper, we collected data about the molecular mechanisms that explain the relevance of IRS4 in the development of cancer and identify IRS4 differences that distinguish it from IRS1 and IRS2. Search engines and different databases, such as PubMed, UniProt, ENSEMBL and SCANSITE 4.0, were used. We used the name of the protein that it encodes "(IRS-4 or IRS4)", or the combination of these terms with the word "(cancer)" or "(human)", for searches. Terms related to specific tumor pathologies ("breast", "ovary", "colon", "lung", "lymphoma", etc.) were also used. Despite the lack of knowledge on IRS4, it has been reported that some cancers and benign tumors are characterized by high levels of IRS-4 expression. Specifically, the role of IRS-4 in different types of digestive tract neoplasms, gynecological tumors, lung cancers, melanomas, hematological tumors, and other less common types of cancers has been shown. IRS4 differs from IRS1 and IRS2 in that can activate several oncogenes that regulate the PI3K/Akt cascade, such as BRK and FER, which are characterized by tyrosine kinase-like activity without regulation via extracellular ligands. In addition, IRS4 can activate the CRKL oncogene, which is an adapter protein that regulates the MAP kinase cascade. Knowledge of the role played by IRS4 in cancers at the molecular level, specifically as a platform for oncogenes, may enable the identification and validation of new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis G. Guijarro
- Unit of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of System Biology (CIBEREHD), University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain; (D.L.B.); (D.D.L.-O.); (O.F.-M.); (C.G.-M.); (M.A.-M.); (M.A.O.)
| | | | - Diego Liviu Boaru
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain; (D.L.B.); (D.D.L.-O.); (O.F.-M.); (C.G.-M.); (M.A.-M.); (M.A.O.)
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain;
| | - Patricia De Castro-Martinez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain;
| | - Diego De Leon-Oliva
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain; (D.L.B.); (D.D.L.-O.); (O.F.-M.); (C.G.-M.); (M.A.-M.); (M.A.O.)
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain;
| | - Oscar Fraile-Martínez
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain; (D.L.B.); (D.D.L.-O.); (O.F.-M.); (C.G.-M.); (M.A.-M.); (M.A.O.)
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain;
| | - Cielo Garcia-Montero
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain; (D.L.B.); (D.D.L.-O.); (O.F.-M.); (C.G.-M.); (M.A.-M.); (M.A.O.)
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain;
| | - Melchor Alvarez-Mon
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain; (D.L.B.); (D.D.L.-O.); (O.F.-M.); (C.G.-M.); (M.A.-M.); (M.A.O.)
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain;
- Immune System Diseases-Rheumatology, Oncology Service and Internal Medicine (CIBEREHD), University Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, 28806 Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - María del Val Toledo-Lobo
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain; (D.L.B.); (D.D.L.-O.); (O.F.-M.); (C.G.-M.); (M.A.-M.); (M.A.O.)
- Department of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain;
| | - Miguel A. Ortega
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain; (D.L.B.); (D.D.L.-O.); (O.F.-M.); (C.G.-M.); (M.A.-M.); (M.A.O.)
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain;
- Cancer Registry and Pathology Department, Principe de Asturias University Hospital, 28806 Alcala de Henares, Spain
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D’Arino A, Caputo S, Eibenschutz L, Piemonte P, Buccini P, Frascione P, Bellei B. Skin Cancer Microenvironment: What We Can Learn from Skin Aging? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14043. [PMID: 37762344 PMCID: PMC10531546 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is a natural intrinsic process associated with the loss of fibrous tissue, a slower cell turnover, and a reduction in immune system competence. In the skin, the continuous exposition of environmental factors superimposes extrinsic damage, mainly due to ultraviolet radiation causing photoaging. Although not usually considered a pathogenic event, photoaging affects cutaneous biology, increasing the risk of skin carcinogenesis. At the cellular level, aging is typified by the rise of senescence cells a condition characterized by reduced or absent capacity to proliferate and aberrant hyper-secretory activity. Senescence has a double-edged sword in cancer biology given that senescence prevents the uncontrolled proliferation of damaged cells and favors their clearance by paracrine secretion. Nevertheless, the cumulative insults and the poor clearance of injured cells in the elderly increase cancer incidence. However, there are not conclusive data proving that aged skin represents a permissive milieu for tumor onset. On the other hand, tumor cells are capable of activating resident fibroblasts onto a pro-tumorigenic phenotype resembling those of senescent fibroblasts suggesting that aged fibroblasts might facilitate cancer progression. This review discusses changes that occur during aging that can prime neoplasm or increase the aggressiveness of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea D’Arino
- Oncologic and Preventative Dermatology, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico IRCCS, 00141 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Caputo
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico IRCCS, 00141 Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Eibenschutz
- Oncologic and Preventative Dermatology, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico IRCCS, 00141 Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Piemonte
- Oncologic and Preventative Dermatology, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico IRCCS, 00141 Rome, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Buccini
- Oncologic and Preventative Dermatology, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico IRCCS, 00141 Rome, Italy
| | - Pasquale Frascione
- Oncologic and Preventative Dermatology, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico IRCCS, 00141 Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Bellei
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico IRCCS, 00141 Rome, Italy
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Wu JB, Li XJ, Liu H, Liu XP. Ring finger protein 215 is a potential prognostic biomarker involved in immune infiltration and angiogenesis in colorectal cancer. Biomed Rep 2023; 19:50. [PMID: 37383678 PMCID: PMC10293879 DOI: 10.3892/br.2023.1633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The prognostic value of ring finger protein 215 (RNF215) in colorectal cancer (CRC) is unclear. Herein, the present study aimed to investigate the precise value of RNF215 based on CRC datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and clinical cases. CRC patient data was collected from TCGA and clinical samples from the Department of Pathology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University (Shanghai, China). Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the correlations between RNF215 and clinicopathological characteristics. The predictive value of RNF215 for the clinical outcome of CRC was determined using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), single-sample GSEA (ssGSEA), and angiogenesis analysis were also conducted to investigate the biological role of RNF215. Immunohistochemistry was conducted to validate the results. The results of the present study confirmed that RNF215 protein expression was significantly associated with age, lymphatic invasion, and overall survival (OS). Univariate analysis showed that upregulation of RNF215 in CRC was significantly associated with age and lymphatic invasion. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that high RNF215 expression predicted poorer OS and disease-specific survival. A total of nine experimentally detected RNF215-binding proteins were identified with the STRING tool and Cytoscape software. GSEA suggested that RNF215 was associated with several important pathways involved in tumor occurrence, including the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes MAPK signaling pathway and the WikiPathway RAS signaling pathway. ssGSEA confirmed that RNF215 was significantly expressed in natural killer cells, CD8 T cells and T helper cells. Angiogenesis analysis revealed that numerous angiogenesis-related genes had the same expression trend as RNF215 in CRC. The immunostaining results indicated that RNF215 expression was significantly higher in CRC tissues than in corresponding normal tissues. In conclusion, increased RNF215 expression may be a potential molecular marker predictive of poor survival and a treatment target in CRC. In addition, RNF215 may participate in the formation of CRC through a variety of signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Bo Wu
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Jing Li
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
| | - Xiu-Ping Liu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
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Torres G, Lancaster AC, Yang J, Griffiths M, Brandal S, Damico R, Vaidya D, Simpson CE, Martin LJ, Pauciulo MW, Nichols WC, Ivy DD, Austin ED, Hassoun PM, Everett AD. Low-affinity insulin-like growth factor binding protein 7 and its association with pulmonary arterial hypertension severity and survival. Pulm Circ 2023; 13:e12284. [PMID: 37674873 PMCID: PMC10477418 DOI: 10.1002/pul2.12284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding proteins (IGFBPs) are a family of growth factor modifiers, some of which are known to be independently associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) survival. IGF factor binding protein 7 (IGFBP7) is a unique low-affinity IGFBP that, independent of IGF, stimulates prostacyclin production. This study proposed to establish associations between IGFBP7 and PAH severity and survival, using enrollment and longitudinal samples. Serum IGFBP7 levels were significantly elevated in patients with PAH compared to controls. After adjusting for age and sex, logarithmic increases in IGFBP7 were associated with a 20 m shorter six-minute walk distance (6MWD; p < 0.001), a 2-3 mmHg higher mean right atrial pressure (p < 0.001 and 0.02), and a higher likelihood of a greater REVEAL 2.0 risk category placement (p < 0.001). Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated significantly decreased survival with IGFBP7 above the median and Cox multivariable analysis adjusted for age and sex, demonstrated higher serum IGFBP7 was an independent predictor of survival. Though the exact mechanism is still unknown, given IGFBP7's role as a prostacyclin stimulant, it has potential use as a therapeutic target for disease modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Torres
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric CardiologyJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | | | - Jun Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric CardiologyJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Megan Griffiths
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric CardiologyUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTexasUSA
| | - Stephanie Brandal
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric CardiologyJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Rachel Damico
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Dhananjay Vaidya
- Department of EpidemiologyJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Division of General Internal MedicineJohns Hopkins School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Catherine E. Simpson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Lisa J. Martin
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterUniversity of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOhioUSA
| | - Michael W. Pauciulo
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterUniversity of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOhioUSA
| | - William C. Nichols
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterUniversity of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOhioUSA
| | - David D. Ivy
- Department of Pediatric CardiologyChildren's Hospital ColoradoDenverColoradoUSA
| | - Eric D. Austin
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Pulmonary MedicineVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Paul M. Hassoun
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Allen D. Everett
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric CardiologyJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
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Liu CT, Wu FC, Zhuang YX, Huang XY, Li XH, Qu QQ, Peng YH, Xu YW, Chen SL, Huang XC. The diagnostic value of serum insulin-like growth factor binding protein 7 in gastric cancer. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15419. [PMID: 37304887 PMCID: PMC10249617 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds Early detection might help in reducing the burden and promoting the survival rate of gastric cancers. Herein, we tried to explore the diagnostic value of insulin-like growth factor binding protein 7 (IGFBP7) in gastric cancers. Methods In this study, we first analyzed the expression levels and prognostic value of IGFBP7 mRNA in gastric cancers from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Then, we recruited 169 gastric cancer patients and 100 normal controls as training cohort, and 55 gastric cancer patients and 55 normal controls as independent validation cohort. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was applied to test the serum levels of IGFBP7. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) and the area under the curve (AUC) were applied to evaluation the diagnostic value. Results TCGA showed that IGFBP7 mRNA was dysregulated and associated with prognosis in gastric cancer patients. Then, we examined the expression of serum IGFBP7 and found that serum IGFBP7 expressed lower in gastric cancer patients than normal controls both in training and independent validation cohorts (p < 0.0001). In training cohort, with the cutoff value of 1.515 ng/ml, the AUC for distinguishing gastric cancer patients was 0.774 (95% CI [0.713-0.836]) with sensitivity of 36.7% (95% CI [29.5-44.5]) and specificity of 90.0% (95% CI [82.0-94.8]). As for early-stage EJA, the AUC was 0.773 (95% CI [0.701-0.845]) with the sensitivity of 33.3% (95% CI [14.4-58.8]). In independent validation cohort, with the same cutoff value, the AUC reached to 0.758 (95% CI [0.664-0.852]). Similarly, for early-stage gastric cancer diagnosis in the independent validation cohort, the AUC value was 0.778 (95% CI [0.673-0.882]). Conclusions This study indicated that serum IGFBP7 might act as a potential early diagnostic marker for gastric cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can-Tong Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, the Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Control Research Center, the Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Research Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fang-Cai Wu
- Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Control Research Center, the Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi-Xuan Zhuang
- Department of Pathology, the Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin-Yi Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin-Hao Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, the Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qi-Qi Qu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, the Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu-Hui Peng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, the Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Control Research Center, the Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Research Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi-Wei Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, the Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Control Research Center, the Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Research Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shu-Lin Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xu-Chun Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, the Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Control Research Center, the Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Research Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Cheraghpour M, Askari M, Tierling S, Shojaee S, Sadeghi A, Ketabi Moghadam P, Khazdouz M, Asadzadeh Aghdaei H, Piroozkhah M, Nazemalhosseini-Mojarad E, Fatemi N. A systematic review and meta-analysis for the association of the insulin-like growth factor1 pathway genetic polymorphisms with colorectal cancer susceptibility. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1168942. [PMID: 37284192 PMCID: PMC10240407 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1168942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The receptors, ligands, and associated proteins of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) family are involved in cancer development. The IGF1 receptor and its accompanying signaling cascade are a crucial growth-regulatory mechanism that plays an important role in colorectal cancer (CRC) proliferation and differentiation. IRS1 (Insulin receptor substrate-1), a major substrate for the IGF1R, is involved in cell growth and promotes tumorigenesis. There are shreds of evidence from prior research suggesting that IGF system polymorphisms may influence susceptibility to CRC. However, the findings in this area were contradictory. Accordingly, we carried out a systematic literature search to identify all case-control, cross-sectional, and cohort studies on the association between various polymorphisms across four IGF1 pathway genes (IGF1, IGF1R, IRS1, and IRS2) and the risk of CRC. Methods We performed a comprehensive search strategy in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases for articles available until Aug 30, 2022. A total of 26 eligible studies with IGF1/IGF1R, IRS1 and IRS2 polymorphisms; met the inclusion criteria. All case-control studies for IGF1 rs6214C>T, IRS1 rs1801278G>A, and IRS2 rs1805097G>A comprising 22,084 cases and 29,212 controls were included in the current meta-analysis. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to evaluate relationships between the polymorphisms and CRC susceptibility. All statistical analyses were performed using STATA software version 14.0. Results The meta-analysis of available data for rs6214C>T, rs1801278G>A, and rs1805097G>A showed a significant association between these polymorphisms and an increased CRC risk in some of the comparisons studied (rs6214C>T, pooled OR for CC = 0.43, 95% CI 0.21- 0.87, P = 0.019; rs1801278G>A, OR for GA = 0.74, 95% CI 0.58-0.94, P = 0.016; rs1805097G>A, OR for GA = 0.83, 95% CI 0.71-0.96, P = 0.013). Nevertheless, the meta-analysis did not include other genetic variations in IGF1, IGF1R, IRS1, and IRS2 due to heterogeneity and limited sample size. Conclusions This systematic review and meta-analysis provide evidence that genetic variants in IGF1 rs6214C>T, IRS1 rs1801278G>A, and IRS2 rs1805097G>A are associated with an increased risk of CRC. These findings may contribute to a better understanding of the complex genetic mechanisms involved in CRC development and could inform future research on prevention and treatment strategies for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makan Cheraghpour
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masomeh Askari
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sascha Tierling
- Department of Genetics/Epigenetics, Faculty NT, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Sajad Shojaee
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Sadeghi
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pardis Ketabi Moghadam
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Khazdouz
- Growth and Development Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Moein Piroozkhah
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Nazemalhosseini-Mojarad
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nayeralsadat Fatemi
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Melnik BC, Stadler R, Weiskirchen R, Leitzmann C, Schmitz G. Potential Pathogenic Impact of Cow’s Milk Consumption and Bovine Milk-Derived Exosomal MicroRNAs in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076102. [PMID: 37047075 PMCID: PMC10094152 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological evidence supports an association between cow’s milk consumption and the risk of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), the most common non-Hodgkin lymphoma worldwide. This narrative review intends to elucidate the potential impact of milk-related agents, predominantly milk-derived exosomes (MDEs) and their microRNAs (miRs) in lymphomagenesis. Upregulation of PI3K-AKT-mTORC1 signaling is a common feature of DLBCL. Increased expression of B cell lymphoma 6 (BCL6) and suppression of B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein 1 (BLIMP1)/PR domain-containing protein 1 (PRDM1) are crucial pathological deviations in DLBCL. Translational evidence indicates that during the breastfeeding period, human MDE miRs support B cell proliferation via epigenetic upregulation of BCL6 (via miR-148a-3p-mediated suppression of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) and miR-155-5p/miR-29b-5p-mediated suppression of activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AICDA) and suppression of BLIMP1 (via MDE let-7-5p/miR-125b-5p-targeting of PRDM1). After weaning with the physiological termination of MDE miR signaling, the infant’s BCL6 expression and B cell proliferation declines, whereas BLIMP1-mediated B cell maturation for adequate own antibody production rises. Because human and bovine MDE miRs share identical nucleotide sequences, the consumption of pasteurized cow’s milk in adults with the continued transfer of bioactive bovine MDE miRs may de-differentiate B cells back to the neonatal “proliferation-dominated” B cell phenotype maintaining an increased BLC6/BLIMP1 ratio. Persistent milk-induced epigenetic dysregulation of BCL6 and BLIMP1 expression may thus represent a novel driving mechanism in B cell lymphomagenesis. Bovine MDEs and their miR cargo have to be considered potential pathogens that should be removed from the human food chain.
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Kasprzak A. Autophagy and the Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF) System in Colonic Cells: Implications for Colorectal Neoplasia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043665. [PMID: 36835075 PMCID: PMC9959216 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common human malignancies worldwide. Along with apoptosis and inflammation, autophagy is one of three important mechanisms in CRC. The presence of autophagy/mitophagy in most normal mature intestinal epithelial cells has been confirmed, where it has mainly protective functions against reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced DNA and protein damage. Autophagy regulates cell proliferation, metabolism, differentiation, secretion of mucins and/or anti-microbial peptides. Abnormal autophagy in intestinal epithelial cells leads to dysbiosis, a decline in local immunity and a decrease in cell secretory function. The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling pathway plays an important role in colorectal carcinogenesis. This is evidenced by the biological activities of IGFs (IGF-1 and IGF-2), IGF-1 receptor type 1 (IGF-1R) and IGF-binding proteins (IGF BPs), which have been reported to regulate cell survival, proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Defects in autophagy are found in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS), inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and CRC. In neoplastic cells, the IGF system modulates the autophagy process bidirectionally. In the current era of improving CRC therapies, it seems important to investigate the exact mechanisms not only of apoptosis, but also of autophagy in different populations of tumor microenvironment (TME) cells. The role of the IGF system in autophagy in normal as well as transformed colorectal cells still seems poorly understood. Hence, the aim of the review was to summarize the latest knowledge on the role of the IGF system in the molecular mechanisms of autophagy in the normal colon mucosa and in CRC, taking into account the cellular heterogeneity of the colonic and rectal epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldona Kasprzak
- Department of Histology and Embryology, University of Medical Sciences, Swiecicki Street 6, 60-781 Poznan, Poland
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10
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Ghafari F, Alizadeh AM, Agah S, Irani S, Mokhtare M. Insulin-like growth factor 1 serum levels in different stages of gastric cancer and their association with Helicobacter pylori status. Peptides 2022; 158:170892. [PMID: 36240982 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2022.170892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
High serum insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and positive Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) may increase the risk of gastric cancer (GC). We aimed to investigate IGF-1 serum levels in different stages of GC patients and their association with H. pylori status. A total of 90 participants, including 60 GC patients and 30 noncancerous (NC) individuals, were included in the present study. IGF-1 serum levels and candidate proteins were assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent and immunohistochemistry techniques. Likewise, Giemsa staining was applied to detect H. pylori infection. The candidate genes' expression, including IGF-1R, PI3KCA, AKT1, mTOR1, KRAS, BRAF, and ERK1, was also evaluated by a real-time PCR assay. The results of advanced GC stages indicated a significantly high IHC score for IGF-1R and phosphorylated AKT, mTOR, and ERK proteins compared to the early stages. Moreover, IGF-1 serum levels and the expression of candidate genes were considerably increased in the advanced GC patients compared to the early stages and the positive H. pylori status compared to the negative H. pylori status (P < 0.05). As a result, high IGF-1 serum levels and positive H. pylori status may be correlated with gastric tumor progression, and the inhibition of IGF-1 and the eradication of H. pylori infection might be new therapeutic targets in GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Ghafari
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Mohammad Alizadeh
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Shahram Agah
- Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shiva Irani
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marjan Mokhtare
- Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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11
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Will We Unlock the Benefit of Metformin for Patients with Lung Cancer? Lessons from Current Evidence and New Hypotheses. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15070786. [PMID: 35890085 PMCID: PMC9318003 DOI: 10.3390/ph15070786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Metformin has been under basic and clinical study as an oncological repurposing pharmacological agent for several years, stemming from observational studies which consistently evidenced that subjects who were treated with metformin had a reduced risk for development of cancer throughout their lives, as well as improved survival outcomes when diagnosed with neoplastic diseases. As a result, several basic science studies have attempted to dissect the relationship between metformin’s metabolic mechanism of action and antineoplastic cellular signaling pathways. Evidence in this regard was compelling enough that a myriad of randomized clinical trials was planned and conducted in order to establish the effect of metformin treatment for patients with diverse neoplasms, including lung cancer. As with most novel antineoplastic agents, early results from these studies have been mostly discouraging, though a recent analysis that incorporated body mass index may provide significant information regarding which patient subgroups might derive the most benefit from the addition of metformin to their anticancer treatment. Much in line with the current pipeline for anticancer agents, it appears that the benefit of metformin may be circumscribed to a specific patient subgroup. If so, addition of metformin to antineoplastic agents could prove one of the most cost-effective interventions proposed in the context of precision oncology. Currently published reviews mostly rely on a widely questioned mechanism of action by metformin, which fails to consider the differential effects of the drug in lean vs. obese subjects. In this review, we analyze the pre-clinical and clinical information available to date regarding the use of metformin in various subtypes of lung cancer and, further, we present evidence as to the differential metabolic effects of metformin in lean and obese subjects where, paradoxically, the obese subjects have reported more benefit with the addition of metformin treatment. The novel mechanisms of action described for this biguanide may explain the different results observed in clinical trials published in the last decade. Lastly, we present novel hypothesis regarding potential biomarkers to identify who might reap benefit from this intervention, including the role of prolyl hydroxylase domain 3 (PHD3) expression to modify metabolic phenotypes in malignant diseases.
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Santonocito S, Giudice A, Polizzi A, Troiano G, Merlo EM, Sclafani R, Grosso G, Isola G. A Cross-Talk between Diet and the Oral Microbiome: Balance of Nutrition on Inflammation and Immune System's Response during Periodontitis. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14122426. [PMID: 35745156 PMCID: PMC9227938 DOI: 10.3390/nu14122426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last few decades, studies on the oral microbiome have increased awareness that the balance between the host and the microbial species that coexist in it is essential for oral health at all stages of life. However, this balance is extremely difficult to maintain, and many factors can disrupt it: general eating habits, sugar consumption, tobacco smoking, oral hygiene, and use of antibiotics and other antimicrobials. It is now known that alterations in the oral microbiota are responsible for developing and promoting many oral diseases, including periodontal disease. In this context, diet is an area for further investigation as it has been observed that the intake of particular foods, such as farmed animal meat, dairy products, refined vegetable oils, and processed cereals, affects the composition of the microbiota, leading to an increased representation of acid-producing and acid-tolerant organisms and periodontal pathogens. However, little is known about the influence of diet on the oral microbiome and the creation of a suitable microenvironment for the development of periodontal disease. The aim of the present study is to evaluate current knowledge on the role of diet in the oral dysbiosis underlying periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Santonocito
- Unit of Periodontology, Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (S.S.); (R.S.); (G.I.)
| | - Amerigo Giudice
- Unit of Dentistry, Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro “Magna Graecia”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Polizzi
- Unit of Periodontology, Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (S.S.); (R.S.); (G.I.)
- Correspondence: (A.P.); (G.G.); Tel.: +39-095-378-2638 (A.P.)
| | - Giuseppe Troiano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Emanuele Maria Merlo
- Department of Human and Pediatric Pathology “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy;
| | - Rossana Sclafani
- Unit of Periodontology, Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (S.S.); (R.S.); (G.I.)
| | - Giuseppe Grosso
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.P.); (G.G.); Tel.: +39-095-378-2638 (A.P.)
| | - Gaetano Isola
- Unit of Periodontology, Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (S.S.); (R.S.); (G.I.)
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Singh A, Pajni K, Panigrahi I, Dhoat N, Senapati S, Khetarpal P. Components of IGF-axis in growth disorders: a systematic review and patent landscape report. Endocrine 2022; 76:509-525. [PMID: 35523998 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-022-03063-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In this review, epi/genetic mutations of IGF-axis components associated with growth disorders have been summarized alongwith assessment of relevant diagnostic and therapeutic technology through patent literature. METHODOLOGY PROSPERO protocol registration CRD42021279468. For scientific literature search Literature databases (PubMed, EMBASE, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar) were queried using the appropriate syntax. Various filters were applied based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Search results were further refined by two authors for finalizing studies to be included in this synthesis. For patent documents search Patent databases (Patentscope and Espacenet) were queried using keywords: IGF or IGFBP. Filters were applied according to International Patent Classification (IPC) and Cooperative Patent Classification (CPC). Search results were reviewed by two authors for inclusion in the patent landscape report. RESULTS For scientific literature analysis, out of 545 search results, 196 were selected for review based on the inclusion criteria. For Patent literature search, out of 485 results, 37 were selected for this synthesis. CONCLUSION Dysregulation of IGF-axis components leads to various abnormalities and their key role in growth and development suggests epi/mutations or structural defects among IGF-axis genes can be associated with growth disorders and may explain some of the idiopathic short stature cases. Trend of patent filings indicate advent of recombinant technology for therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Singh
- Laboratory for Reproductive and Developmental Disorders, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India
| | - Ketan Pajni
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India
| | - Inusha Panigrahi
- Department of Paediatric Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Navdeep Dhoat
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bathinda, 151001, India
| | - Sabyasachi Senapati
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India
| | - Preeti Khetarpal
- Laboratory for Reproductive and Developmental Disorders, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India.
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Kattan SW, Allah AMKA, Mohamed KI, Alruwetei AM, Hegazy AH, El Gayed EMA. Linking insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) rs6214 gene polymorphism and its serum level with risk of colorectal cancer. BENI-SUEF UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43088-022-00254-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Colorectal Cancer is found one of the most profound type of cancer around globe, affecting men and women with different ethnic and racial groups. Insulin-like growth factor 1 is known as peptide growth factor found to increase the proliferation of cell and prevent apoptosis. Insulin pathway might have linked with progression of colorectal cancer.
Methods
This study conducted on total 160 subjects, including 80 patients with colorectal cancer with 80 age and gender match controls. Clinical parameters were compared between the control group and Colorectal cancer group. Blood serum IGF-1 was quantified by using ELISA and IGF-1 rs6214(C/T) variations were investigated using TaqMan allelic discrimination assay.
Results
Blood serum level of Insulin growth factor-I (ng/ml) showed substantial association concerning groups while IGF-1 rs6214(C/T) genotype distribution observed increased in colorectal cancer patients as compared to controls with significant association. The variant TT and CT genotype frequency observed more common in cases as compared to control. However, the wild type CC genotype were common in cases used to compared with controls. The Odds Ratio reveal the risk of variant IGF-1 rs6214 T allele to increase 3 times compared to wild type allele.
Conclusion
The homozygous TT genotypes and T variant allele of IGF-1 rs6214(C/T) showed association with high serum Insulin growth factor level 1, may increase susceptibility to the colorectal cancer. This work will use to investigate the associations between Insulin-like growth factor 1 and rs6214(C/T) gene variant and blood serum level with the vulnerability to treat Colorectal. In summary, we have investigated the relationship between Insulin growth factor level hormone and colorectal cancer. Further studies are required to understand the association between colorectal cancer and polymorphism. However, this study can be serve as an informative study to uncover mechanisms behind main cause of colon cancer. Therefore, the genomic profiling of Insulin-like growth factor-1 can be helpful to treat colorectal cancer patients.
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Abd Elhamid MA, Mandour AES, Ismail TA, Al-Zohairy AM, Almowallad S, Alqahtani LS, Osman A. Powerful Antioxidants and Cytotoxic Activities of the Methanol Extracts from Eight Soybean Cultivars. Molecules 2022; 27:2895. [PMID: 35566246 PMCID: PMC9104066 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the chemical composition and total phenolic (TPC) and total flavonoid contents (TFC) of eight soybean cultivars (Giza 21, Giza 22, Giza 35, Giza 111, Giza 82, Giza 83, Crawford, and Holliday) were estimated. Moreover, antioxidant activity and in vitro cytotoxic activities against HepG-2 and MCF-7 were evaluated. Giza 21, Giza 111, and Crawford cultivars recorded higher than 40% crude protein. The analysis revealed that TPC values in seed extracts ranged from 10.5 mg GAE/g extract in Giza 35 to 6.4 mg GAE/g extract in Giza 22. TFC varied from 1.20 mg QE/g extract in Giza 111 to 0.55 mg QE/g extract in Crawford. Giza 35 exhibited the highest content of genistein and daidzein and the highest free radical scavenging activity (61.833%). The results of the MTT assay demonstrated that the soybean methanolic extracts inhibited the proliferation of HepG-2 and MCF-7 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Giza 35 exhibited the highest cytotoxic activity. In conclusion, Giza 35 cultivar recorded the highest TPC and TFC values and antioxidant and cytotoxic activities. Therefore, this cultivar can be used as a source for the production of pharmaceutical and medicinal products rather than as a nutritional source of protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. Abd Elhamid
- Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt; (M.A.A.E.); (A.E.S.M.); (T.A.I.); (A.M.A.-Z.)
| | - Abd Elrahman S. Mandour
- Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt; (M.A.A.E.); (A.E.S.M.); (T.A.I.); (A.M.A.-Z.)
| | - Tarek A. Ismail
- Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt; (M.A.A.E.); (A.E.S.M.); (T.A.I.); (A.M.A.-Z.)
| | - Ahmed M. Al-Zohairy
- Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt; (M.A.A.E.); (A.E.S.M.); (T.A.I.); (A.M.A.-Z.)
| | - Sanaa Almowallad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Leena S. Alqahtani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 23445, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ali Osman
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
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Betzmann D, Döring M, Blumenstock G, Erdmann F, Grabow D, Lang P, Binder G. Impact of serum insulin-like growth factor-1 on HSCT outcome in pediatric cancer patients. Transplant Cell Ther 2022; 28:355.e1-355.e9. [PMID: 35405367 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtct.2022.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is associated with severe medical complications and variable outcome depending on the recipient's disease stage and health condition. Biomarkers predicting outcome may have therapeutic relevance in pediatric cancer care. Insulin like growth factor 1 (IGF 1) is a mitogenic and anabolic peptide hormone that is expressed in almost all tissues. This hormone is the major growth factor in childhood. As IGF 1 is decreased in conditions that cause catabolic metabolism, it may reflect the degree of physical robustness of the patient and serve as predictive biomarker for transplant outcome. OBJECTIVES AND STUDY DESIGN We evaluated the impact of pre-transplant serum-IGF 1 on both survival and adverse events in 587 pediatric cancer patients, who underwent autologous or allogeneic HSCT between 1987 and 2014 at the University Children's Hospital Tübingen, Germany. Survival probabilities of the entire cohort and of defined subgroups according to pre-transplant serum-IGF-1 were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS Mean pre-transplant IGF 1 (n = 498) was low: -1.67 SDS (SD, 1.54). Completeness of follow-up three and ten years post HSCT was 96 % and 83 %, respectively. The ten-year overall survival was 44.8 % (95 % confidence interval [CI], 40.6-48.9). With decreasing IGF-1 SDS, there was a significant increase of transplant-related mortality (p = 0.027), sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (quartiles 4 to 1: 3; 1; 12; 12%; p < 0.001) and thrombotic microangiopathy (quartiles 4 to 1: 0: 0: 2; 5%; p = 0.004). IGF 1 decile 1 showed a significantly poorer outcome (p=0.042) with lower median (12 versus 68 months) and ten-year overall survival (37 % versus 52 %) when compared to decile 2-10. CONCLUSIONS This retrospective study suggests pre-transplant serum-IGF 1 as a predictor of survival and selected vascular adverse events that may have diagnostic and therapeutic relevance in pediatric cancer care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Betzmann
- University Children's Hospital Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str.1, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Michaela Döring
- University Children's Hospital Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str.1, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Gunnar Blumenstock
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Applied Biometry, University of Tübingen, Silcherstraße 5, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Friederike Erdmann
- Division of Childhood Cancer Epidemiology, German Childhood Cancer Registry, Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI) University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz
| | - Desiree Grabow
- Division of Childhood Cancer Epidemiology, German Childhood Cancer Registry, Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI) University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz
| | - Peter Lang
- University Children's Hospital Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str.1, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Gerhard Binder
- University Children's Hospital Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str.1, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
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Sair AT, Liu RH. Molecular regulation of phenolic compounds on IGF-1 signaling cascade in breast cancer. Food Funct 2022; 13:3170-3184. [PMID: 35253808 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo03283f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a highly aggressive and heterogeneous disease with complex features that remains a major health problem and undermines the span and quality of life of women worldwide. Primary literature has shown the role of phenolic compounds in controlling the onset of breast cancer. The mechanism of action of phenolic compounds can be explained by their interaction with signal transduction pathways that regulate cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis. One of the targets of phenolic compounds is the insulin like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) signaling cascade, which plays a significant role in the growth and development of mammary tissues by leading proliferative and anti-apoptotic events. Increasing research evidence points to the function of the IGF-1 cascade system in the commencement, progression, and metastasis of breast tissue malignancy. In this review, we mainly discuss the function of the IGF-1 system, and the role of phenolic compounds in regulating the IGF-1 signaling cascade and curbing breast malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Tahir Sair
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, 245 Stocking Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA.
| | - Rui Hai Liu
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, 245 Stocking Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA.
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18
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Raftar SKA, Ashrafian F, Abdollahiyan S, Yadegar A, Moradi HR, Masoumi M, Vaziri F, Moshiri A, Siadat SD, Zali MR. The anti-inflammatory effects of Akkermansia muciniphila and its derivates in HFD/CCL4-induced murine model of liver injury. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2453. [PMID: 35165344 PMCID: PMC8844054 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06414-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation plays a critical role in the promotion of hepatocyte damage and liver fibrosis. In recent years the protective role of Akkermansia muciniphila, a next-generation beneficial microbe, has been suggested for metabolic and inflammatory disorders. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of live and pasteurized A. muciniphila and its extra cellular vesicles (EVs) on inflammatory markers involved in liver fibrosis in a mouse model of a high-fat diet (HFD)/carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver injury. Firstly, the responses of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) to live and pasteurized A. muciniphila and its EVs were examined in the quiescent and LPS-activated LX-2 cells. Next, the anti-inflammatory effects of different forms of A. muciniphila were examined in the mouse model of HFD/CCl4-induced liver injury. The gene expression of various inflammatory markers was evaluated in liver, colon, and white adipose tissues. The cytokine secretion in the liver and white adipose tissues was also measured by ELISA. The results showed that administration of live and pasteurized A. muciniphila and its EVs leads to amelioration in HSCs activation. Based on data obtained from the histopathological analysis, an improvement in gut health was observed through enhancing the epithelium and mucosal layer thickness and strengthening the intestinal integrity in all treatments. Moreover, live A. muciniphila and its EVs had inhibitory effects on liver inflammation and hepatocytes damage. In addition, the tissue cytokine production and inflammatory gene expression levels revealed that live A. muciniphila and its EVs had more pronounced anti-inflammatory effects on liver and adipose tissues. Furthermore, EVs had better effects on the modulation of gene expression related to TLRs, PPARs, and immune response in the liver. In conclusion, the present results showed that oral administration of A. muciniphila and its derivatives for four weeks could enhance the intestinal integrity and anti-inflammatory responses of the colon, adipose, and liver tissues and subsequently prevent liver injury in HFD/CCL4 mice.
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19
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OUP accepted manuscript. Carcinogenesis 2022; 43:504-516. [DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgac013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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20
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Naguib R, Abouegylah M, Sharkawy S, Fayed AA, Naguib H. Evaluation of Serum Levels of Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 and Insulin-Like Growth Factor-Binding Protein 3 in Patients With Colorectal Cancer: A Case-Control Study. Cureus 2021; 13:e19881. [PMID: 34858769 PMCID: PMC8613508 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.19881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/aim: Limited information is available about the relationship between colorectal cancer (CRC) and serum concentration of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 (IGFBP3). This study aims to compare the serum levels of IGF1and IGFBP3 in colorectal cancer cases and controls and to assess the relationship between their level and the demographic and histopathological characteristics. Methods: A case-control study in which 50 patients with colorectal cancer and 50 controls matched by gender and age were compared regarding the demographic characteristics and the level of both IGF1 and IGFBP3. The correlation with different clinicopathological features was assessed. Results: Levels of IGF1 were significantly higher while levels of IGFBP3 were significantly lower among cases compared to control. IGF1 was significantly higher among patients with liver metastasis, lymph node (LN) spread, and lymphovenous invasions and did not show significant association with gender, smoking status, family history, or primary site of colorectal cancer. Lower IGFBP3 was significantly high among patients with liver and lymph node metastasis, lymphovenous invasion, and patients with positive family history. This significant negative correlation was also detected between IGFBP3 levels and the size of the tumor. Conclusions: High IGF1 levels and low concentrations of IGFBP3 are related to colorectal cancer and were significantly associated with liver metastasis, lymph node spread, and lymphovenous invasions. Further research is recommended to investigate if circulating IGF1 and IGFBP3 levels can be used to identify people at high risk of colorectal cancer and to investigate potential lifestyle or pharmaceutical ways to lower IGF1 bioactivity as a risk reduction strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Naguib
- Clinical Science Department, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, SAU.,Internal Medicine Department, Endocrinology Unit, Alexandria Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria, EGY
| | - Mohamed Abouegylah
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, EGY
| | - Sherif Sharkawy
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, EGY
| | - Amel A Fayed
- Clinical Science Department, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Hend Naguib
- Internal Medicine Department, Hepatology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, EGY
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21
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Mao Z, Li Z, Qian Z, Zhou J, Li X, Cui F. Long Non-Coding RNA Small Nucleolar RNA Host Gene 14 Enhances Pancreatic-β-Cell Function by Sponging MicroRNA-206 and Thereby Upregulating Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2021.2808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) characterised by pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance is already prevalent worldwide, and the complications of DM increased the mortality of diabetic patients. More and more reports showed that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) plays key
roles in DM, and in this study we explored the effect of long non-coding RNA SNHG14 (SNHG14) in DM. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to analyze the expression of SNHG14 and microRNA (miR)-206 in peripheral blood from 60 pairs of healthy and DM samples. Then the effect
of SNHG14 on the insulin secretion of pancreatic β-cells was investigated. Moreover, the effects of SNHG14 on the viability and apoptosis of pancreatic β-cells were determined by 3-(4, 5)-dimethylthiahiazo (-z-y1)-3, 5-di- phenytetrazoliumromide (MTT) assay and flow
cytometry (FCM) respectively using INS-1 cells transfected with SNHG14-plasmid and/or miR-206 mimic. Bioinformatics and Daul luciferase reporter assay were used to confirm the direct target of miR-206. Our data showed that SNHG14 level was decreased but miR-206 was increased significantly
in the peripheral blood of DM patients. Furthermore, over-expression of SNHG14 enhanced insulin secretion and cell viability but inhibited apoptosis of pancreatic β-cells, whereas, miR-206 over-expression reversed these effects. In addition, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1)
was proved to be regulated by miR-206 negatively and over-expression of SNHG14 increased the expression of IGF1 and IGF1R in pancreatic β-cells. In conclusion, we found that SNHG14 was significantly down-regulated in DM patients, and SNHG14/miR-206/IGF1 may serve as a potential
candidate for the clinical target of DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Mao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First People’s Hospital of Wuhu, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First People’s Hospital of Wuhu, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Zengkun Qian
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First People’s Hospital of Wuhu, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Jingjing Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First People’s Hospital of Wuhu, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Xiaoqin Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First People’s Hospital of Wuhu, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Fan Cui
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First People’s Hospital of Wuhu, Wuhu 241000, China
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22
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Kłos P, Dabravolski SA. The Role of Mitochondria Dysfunction in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases and Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11673. [PMID: 34769108 PMCID: PMC8584106 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is one of the leading gut chronic inflammation disorders, especially prevalent in Western countries. Recent research suggests that mitochondria play a crucial role in IBD development and progression to the more severe disease-colorectal cancer (CRC). In this review, we focus on the role of mitochondrial mutations and dysfunctions in IBD and CRC. In addition, main mitochondria-related molecular pathways involved in IBD to CRC transition are discussed. Additionally, recent publications dedicated to mitochondria-targeted therapeutic approaches to cure IBD and prevent CRC progression are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Kłos
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 72 Al. Powstańców Wlkp., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Siarhei A. Dabravolski
- Department of Clinical Diagnostics, Vitebsk State Academy of Veterinary Medicine [UO VGAVM], 7/11 Dovatora Str., 210026 Vitebsk, Belarus
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23
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Yi X, Chen Q, Yang J, Jiang D, Zhu L, Liu H, Pang P, Zeng F, Chen C, Gong G, Yin H, Li B, Chen BT. CT-Based Sarcopenic Nomogram for Predicting Progressive Disease in Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:643941. [PMID: 34692468 PMCID: PMC8531595 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.643941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It is prudent to identify the risk for progressive disease (PD) in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who undergo platinum-based chemotherapy. The present study aimed to develop a CT imaging-based sarcopenic nomogram for predicting the risk of PD prior to chemotherapy treatment. Methods We retrospectively enrolled patients with NSCLC who underwent platinum-based chemotherapy. Imaging-based body composition parameters such as skeletal muscle index (SMI) for assessment of sarcopenia were obtained from pre-chemotherapy chest CT images at the level of the eleventh thoracic vertebral body (T11). Sarcopenic nomogram was constructed using multivariate logistic regression and performance of the nomogram was evaluated by discrimination, calibration curve, and decision curve. Results Sixty (14.7%) of the 408 patients in the study cohort developed PD during chemotherapy. The prediction nomogram for developing PD achieved a moderate efficiency with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.75 (95% CI: 0.69-0.80) for the training cohort, and 0.76 (95%CI: 0.68-0.84) for the validation cohort, as well as a good performance of consistence (bootstrap for training cohort: 0.75 ± 0.02; validation cohort: 0.74 ± 0.06). Favorable clinical application was observed in the decision curve analysis. Conclusion Our CT-based sarcopenic nomogram showed the potential for an individualized prediction of progression for patients with NSCLC receiving platinum-based chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Yi
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya Hospital), Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China.,Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Qiurong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jingying Yang
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dengke Jiang
- Department of Radiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Liping Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya Hospital), Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Haipeng Liu
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya Hospital), Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Peipei Pang
- Department of Pharmaceuticals Diagnosis, GE Healthcare, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feiyue Zeng
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Changyong Chen
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guanghui Gong
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongling Yin
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bihong T Chen
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, United States
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24
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Франциянц ЕМ, Сурикова ЕИ, Каплиева ИВ, Бандовкина ВA, Нескубина ИВ, Шейко ЕА, Морозова МИ, Котиева ИМ. [Diabetes mellitus and cancer: a system of insulin-like growth factors]. PROBLEMY ENDOKRINOLOGII 2021; 67:34-42. [PMID: 34766488 PMCID: PMC9112852 DOI: 10.14341/probl12741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus and malignant tumors are among the most common and complex diseases. Epidemiological studies have shown a strong relationship between these pathologies. The causality of this relationship has not yet been unambiguously established, but a number of probable biological mechanisms have been proposed to explain it through the effects of hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia on the process of oncogenesis. An important role in this is played by the axis of insulin-like growth factors, their receptors and binding proteins (IGF / IGFR / IGFBP). The review provides data on the structural elements of the insulin / IGF / IGFR / IGFBP signaling axis and their internal relationships in diabetes mellitus and in the development of malignant tumors. Significant changes in the axis that occur during the formation of the diabetic environment prepare the background, which, under certain conditions, can lead to the stimulation or inhibition of tumor development. The considered signaling system, playing a significant role in the physiology of normal cells, often functions as a decisive factor in the survival of tumor cells, providing fine context-dependent regulation of many cellular processes associated with oncogenesis. However, despite many years of in-depth studies of the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus and malignant tumors, the molecular mechanisms of the relationship between these pathologies are still largely unclear, and the internal heterogeneity of pathologies complicates research and interpretation of the results, leaving many questions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Е. И. Сурикова
- Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии
| | - И. В. Каплиева
- Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии
| | | | | | - Е. А. Шейко
- Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии
| | - М. И. Морозова
- Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии
| | - И. М. Котиева
- Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии
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25
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Pu X, Chen D. Targeting Adipokines in Obesity-Related Tumors. Front Oncol 2021; 11:685923. [PMID: 34485124 PMCID: PMC8415167 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.685923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity, a global epidemic, is an independent risk factor for the occurrence and development of a variety of tumors, such as breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, ovarian cancer and colorectal cancer. Adipocytes are important endocrine cells in the tumor microenvironment of obesity-related tumors, which can secrete a variety of adipokines (such as leptin, adiponectin, estrogen, resistin, MIF and MCP-1, etc.), among which leptin, adiponectin and estrogen are the most in-depth and valuable ones. These adipokines are closely related to tumorigenesis and the progression of tumors. In recent years, more and more studies have shown that under chronic inflammatory conditions such as obesity, adipocytes secrete more adipokines to promote the tumorigenesis and development of tumors. However, it is worth noting that although adiponectin is also secreted by adipocytes, it has an anti-tumor effect, and can cross-talk with other adipokines (such as leptin and estrogen) and insulin to play an anti-tumor effect together. In addition, obesity is the main cause of insulin resistance, which can lead to the increase of the expression levels of insulin and insulin-like growth factor (IGF). As important regulators of blood glucose and lipid metabolism, insulin and IGF also play an important role in the progress of obesity related tumors. In view of the important role of adipokines secreted by adipocytes and insulin/IGF in tumors, this article not only elaborates leptin, adiponectin and estrogen secreted by adipocytes and their mechanism of action in the development of obesity- related tumors, but also introduces the relationship between insulin/IGF, a regulator of lipid metabolism, and obesity related tumors. At the same time, it briefly describes the cancer-promoting mechanism of resistin, MIF and MCP-1 in obesity-related tumors, and finally summarizes the specific treatment opinions and measures for various adipokines and insulin/insulin-like growth factors in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Pu
- Institute of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Deyu Chen
- Institute of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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26
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Li J, Cao D, Huang Y, Chen Z, Wang R, Dong Q, Wei Q, Liu L. Sleep duration and health outcomes: an umbrella review. Sleep Breath 2021; 26:1479-1501. [PMID: 34435311 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-021-02458-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To collect existing evidence on the relationship between sleep duration and health outcomes. METHODS A thorough search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews from inception to January, 2021. Meta-analyses of observational and interventional studies were eligible if they examined the associations between sleep duration and human health. RESULTS In total, this umbrella review identified 69 meta-analyses with 11 outcomes for cancers and 30 outcomes for non-cancer conditions. Inappropriate sleep durations may significantly elevate the risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD), cognitive decline, coronary heart disease (CHD), depression, falls, frailty, lung cancer, metabolic syndrome (MS), and stroke. Dose-response analysis revealed that a 1-h reduction per 24 hours is associated with an increased risk by 3-11% of all-cause mortality, CHD, osteoporosis, stroke, and T2DM among short sleepers. Conversely, a 1-h increment in long sleepers is associated with a 7-17% higher risk of stroke mortality, CHD, stroke, and T2DM in adults. CONCLUSION Inappropriate sleep duration is a risk factor for developing non-cancer conditions. Decreasing and increasing sleep hours towards extreme sleep durations are associated with poor health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Li
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Dehong Cao
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yin Huang
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Zeyu Chen
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Ruyi Wang
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiang Dong
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiang Wei
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Liangren Liu
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
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27
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Unraveling the IGF System Interactome in Sarcomas Exploits Novel Therapeutic Options. Cells 2021; 10:cells10082075. [PMID: 34440844 PMCID: PMC8392407 DOI: 10.3390/cells10082075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant bioactivity of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system results in the development and progression of several pathologic conditions including cancer. Preclinical studies have shown promising anti-cancer therapeutic potentials for anti-IGF targeted therapies. However, a clear but limited clinical benefit was observed only in a minority of patients with sarcomas. The molecular complexity of the IGF system, which comprises multiple regulators and interactions with other cancer-related pathways, poses a major limitation in the use of anti-IGF agents and supports the need of combinatorial therapeutic strategies to better tackle this axis. In this review, we will initially highlight multiple mechanisms underlying IGF dysregulation in cancer and then focus on the impact of the IGF system and its complexity in sarcoma development and progression as well as response to anti-IGF therapies. We will also discuss the role of Ephrin receptors, Hippo pathway, BET proteins and CXCR4 signaling, as mediators of sarcoma malignancy and relevant interactors with the IGF system in tumor cells. A deeper understanding of these molecular interactions might provide the rationale for novel and more effective therapeutic combinations to treat sarcomas.
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28
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Jia N, Zhou Y, Dong X, Ding M. The antitumor mechanisms of aerobic exercise: A review of recent preclinical studies. Cancer Med 2021; 10:6365-6373. [PMID: 34387383 PMCID: PMC8446393 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aerobic exercise is an important non‐pharmacological means of antitumor intervention, but related mechanisms are poorly understood. In this review, previous studies are summarized from the aspects of tumor oxygenation, autophagy versus apoptosis, and organismal immunity. Current findings on the antitumor effects of aerobic exercise involve AMPK signaling, PI3K/Akt signaling, Th1/Th2 cytokine balance related to immunity, PD‐1/PD‐L1 immunosuppressive signaling, and related cytokine pathways. Several directions for further research are proposed, including whether newly discovered subgroups of cytokines influence the effects of aerobic exercise on tumors, tailoring corresponding exercise prescriptions based on the bidirectional effects of certain cytokines at different stages, identifying the potential effects of exercise time and intensity, and elucidating details of the unclear mechanisms. Through the discussion of the existing data, we hope to provide new ideas for the future research of exercise therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningxin Jia
- College of Physical Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Yanan Zhou
- College of Physical Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaosheng Dong
- College of Physical Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Meng Ding
- College of Physical Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
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29
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Iahtisham-Ul-Haq, Khan S, Awan KA, Iqbal MJ. Sulforaphane as a potential remedy against cancer: Comprehensive mechanistic review. J Food Biochem 2021; 46:e13886. [PMID: 34350614 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Sulforaphane belongs to the active class of isothiocyanates capable of delivering various biological benefits for health promotion and disease prevention. This compound is considered vital to curtail numerous metabolic disorders. Various studies have proven its beneficial effects against cancer prevention and its possible utilization as a therapeutic agent in cancer treatment. Understanding the mechanistic pathways and possible interactions at cellular and subcellular levels is key to design and develop cancer therapeutics for humans. In this respect, a number of mechanisms such as modulation of carcinogen metabolism & phase II enzymatic activities, cell cycle arrest, activation of Nrf2, cytotoxic, proapoptotic and apoptotic pathways have been reported to be involved in cancer prevention. This article provides sufficient information by critical analysis to understand the mechanisms involved in cancer prevention attributed to sulforaphane. Furthermore, various clinical studies have also been included for design and development of novel therapies for cancer prevention and cure. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Diet and dietary components are potential tools to address various lifestyle-related disorders. Due to plenty of environmental and cellular toxicants, the chances of cancer prevalence are quite large which are worsen by adopting unhealthy lifestyles. Cancer can be treated with various therapies but those are acquiring side effects causing the patients to suffer the treatment regime. Nutraceuticals and functional foods provide safer options to prevent or delay the onset of cancer. In this regard, sulforaphane is a pivotal compound to be targeted as a potential agent for cancer treatment both in preventive and therapeutic regimes. This article provides sufficient evidence via discussing the underlying mechanisms of positive effects of sulforaphane to further the research for developing anticancer drugs that will help assuage this lethal morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iahtisham-Ul-Haq
- School of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Minhaj University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sipper Khan
- Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Tropics and Subtropics Group, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Kanza Aziz Awan
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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The IGF-1 Signaling Pathway in Viral Infections. Viruses 2021; 13:v13081488. [PMID: 34452353 PMCID: PMC8402757 DOI: 10.3390/v13081488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and the IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) belong to the insulin-like growth factor family, and IGF-1 activates intracellular signaling pathways by binding specifically to IGF-1R. The interaction between IGF-1 and IGF-1R transmits a signal through a number of intracellular substrates, including the insulin receptor substrate (IRS) and the Src homology collagen (Shc) proteins, which activate two major intracellular signaling pathways: the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways, specifically the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathways. The PI3K/AKT kinase pathway regulates a variety of cellular processes, including cell proliferation and apoptosis. IGF1/IGF-1R signaling also promotes cell differentiation and proliferation via the Ras/MAPK pathway. Moreover, upon IGF-1R activation of the IRS and Shc adaptor proteins, Shc stimulates Raf through the GTPase Ras to activate the MAPKs ERK1 and ERK2, phosphorylate and several other proteins, and to stimulate cell proliferation. The IGF-1 signaling pathway is required for certain viral effects in oncogenic progression and may be induced as an effect of viral infection. The mechanisms of IGF signaling in animal viral infections need to be clarified, mainly because they are involved in multifactorial signaling pathways. The aim of this review is to summarize the current data obtained from virological studies and to increase our understanding of the complex role of the IGF-1 signaling axis in animal virus infections.
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Han JK, Kim G. Role of physical exercise in modulating the insulin-like growth factor system for improving breast cancer outcomes: A meta-analysis. Exp Gerontol 2021; 152:111435. [PMID: 34098007 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity prevents cancer and improves cancer outcomes. Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling plays a significant role in cancer development and progression. However, there are heterogeneous results regarding physical activity and its effect on the IGF system. This study meta-analyzed the results of randomized clinical trials which evaluated the effects of physical exercise on the changes of physiologic markers to identify the role of physical exercise in modulating the IGF system in women with breast cancer. METHODS PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL, and SPORTDiscus were systematically searched until October 2020. Eligibility criteria included randomized controlled trials that evaluated the effects of physical exercise on the insulin-like growth factor system among women with breast cancer. RESULTS Twelve randomized controlled studies involving 736 participants were analyzed. Physical exercise significantly reduced levels of serum insulin (MD -1.24 μIU/mL, 95% CI -2.12 to -0.36, p = 0.006), IGF-II (MD -54.21 ng/mL, 95% CI -61.41 to -47.00, p < 0.00001), IGFBP-1 (MD -2.90 ng/mL, 95% CI -3.91 to -1.90, p < 0.00001), and HOMA score (MD -0.47, 95% CI -0.87 to -0.06, p = 0.02). In addition, serum glucose (MD -0.71 mg/dL, 95% CI -2.57 to 1.15; p = 0.45) and IGF-I levels (MD -5.23 ng/mL, 95% CI -13.00 to 2.53; p = 0.19) were decreased after physical exercise although they did not show a statistical significance. CONCLUSION Physical exercise had a positive effect on the IGF system in women with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joung-Kyue Han
- College of Sport Science, Chung-Ang University, Republic of Korea
| | - Gangmi Kim
- Department of Surgery, Dongguk University Gyeongju Hospital, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea.
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Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1) Signaling in Glucose Metabolism in Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126434. [PMID: 34208601 PMCID: PMC8234711 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common aggressive carcinoma types worldwide, characterized by unfavorable curative effect and poor prognosis. Epidemiological data re-vealed that CRC risk is increased in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its serum components (e.g., hyperglycemia). High glycemic index diets, which chronically raise post-prandial blood glucose, may at least in part increase colon cancer risk via the insulin/insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) signaling pathway. However, the underlying mechanisms linking IGF-1 and MetS are still poorly understood. Hyperactivated glucose uptake and aerobic glycolysis (the Warburg effect) are considered as a one of six hallmarks of cancer, including CRC. However, the role of insulin/IGF-1 signaling during the acquisition of the Warburg metabolic phenotypes by CRC cells is still poorly understood. It most likely results from the interaction of multiple processes, directly or indirectly regulated by IGF-1, such as activation of PI3K/Akt/mTORC, and Raf/MAPK signaling pathways, activation of glucose transporters (e.g., GLUT1), activation of key glycolytic enzymes (e.g., LDHA, LDH5, HK II, and PFKFB3), aberrant expression of the oncogenes (e.g., MYC, and KRAS) and/or overexpression of signaling proteins (e.g., HIF-1, TGF-β1, PI3K, ERK, Akt, and mTOR). This review describes the role of IGF-1 in glucose metabolism in physiology and colorectal carcinogenesis, including the role of the insulin/IGF system in the Warburg effect. Furthermore, current therapeutic strategies aimed at repairing impaired glucose metabolism in CRC are indicated.
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Borella F, Carosso AR, Cosma S, Preti M, Collemi G, Cassoni P, Bertero L, Benedetto C. Gut Microbiota and Gynecological Cancers: A Summary of Pathogenetic Mechanisms and Future Directions. ACS Infect Dis 2021; 7:987-1009. [PMID: 33848139 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Over the past 20 years, important relationships between the microbiota and human health have emerged. A link between alterations of microbiota composition (dysbiosis) and cancer development has been recently demonstrated. In particular, the composition and the oncogenic role of intestinal bacterial flora has been extensively investigated in preclinical and clinical studies focusing on gastrointestinal tumors. Overall, the development of gastrointestinal tumors is favored by dysbiosis as it leads to depletion of antitumor substances (e.g., short-chain fatty acids) produced by healthy microbiota. Moreover, dysbiosis leads to alterations of the gut barrier, promotes a chronic inflammatory status through activation of toll-like receptors, and causes metabolic and hormonal dysregulations. However, the effects of these imbalances are not limited to the gastrointestinal tract and they can influence gynecological tumor carcinogenesis as well. The purpose of this Review is to provide a synthetic update about the mechanisms of interaction between gut microbiota and the female reproductive tract favoring the development of neoplasms. Furthermore, novel therapeutic approaches based on the modulation of microbiota and their role in gynecological oncology are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulvio Borella
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit 1, Sant’ Anna Hospital, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Roberto Carosso
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit 1, Sant’ Anna Hospital, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Stefano Cosma
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit 1, Sant’ Anna Hospital, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Mario Preti
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit 1, Sant’ Anna Hospital, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Giammarco Collemi
- Pathology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | | | - Luca Bertero
- Pathology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Chiara Benedetto
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit 1, Sant’ Anna Hospital, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
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Di YQ, Han XL, Kang XL, Wang D, Chen CH, Wang JX, Zhao XF. Autophagy triggers CTSD (cathepsin D) maturation and localization inside cells to promote apoptosis. Autophagy 2021; 17:1170-1192. [PMID: 32324083 PMCID: PMC8143247 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2020.1752497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
CTSD/CathD/CATD (cathepsin D) is a lysosomal aspartic protease. A distinguishing characteristic of CTSD is its dual functions of promoting cell proliferation via secreting a pro-enzyme outside the cells as a ligand, and promoting apoptosis via the mature form of this enzyme inside cells; however, the regulation of its secretion, expression, and maturation is undetermined. Using the lepidopteran insect Helicoverpa armigera, a serious agricultural pest, as a model, we revealed the dual functions and regulatory mechanisms of CTSD secretion, expression, and maturation. Glycosylation of asparagine 233 (N233) determined pro-CTSD secretion. The steroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) promoted CTSD expression. Macroautophagy/autophagy triggered CTSD maturation and localization inside midgut cells to activate CASP3 (caspase 3) and promote apoptosis. Pro-CTSD was expressed in the pupal epidermis and was secreted into the hemolymph to promote adult fat body endoreplication/endoreduplication, cell proliferation, and association. Our study revealed that the differential expression and autophagy-mediated maturation of CTSD in tissues determine its roles in apoptosis and cell proliferation, thereby determining the cell fates of tissues during lepidopteran metamorphosis.Abbreviations: 20E: 20-hydroxyecdysone; 3-MA: 3-methyladenine; ACTB/β-actin: actin beta; AKT: protein kinase B; ATG1: autophagy-related 1; ATG4: autophagy-related 4; ATG5: autophagy-related 5; ATG7: autophagy-related 7; ATG14: autophagy-related 14; BSA: bovine serum albumin; CASP3: caspase 3; CQ: choroquine; CTSD: cathepsin D; DAPI: 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; DMSO: dimethyl sulfoxide; DPBS: dulbecco's phosphate-buffered saline; DsRNA: double-stranded RNA; EcR: ecdysone receptor; EcRE: ecdysone response element; EdU: 5-ethynyl-2´-deoxyuridine; G-m-CTSD: glycosylated-mautre-CTSD; G-pro-CTSD: glycosylated-pro-CTSD; HaEpi: Helicoverpa armigera epidermal cell line; HE staining: hematoxylin and eosin staining; IgG: immunoglobin G; IM: imaginal midgut; JH: juvenile hormone; Kr-h1: krueppel homologous protein 1; LM: larval midgut; M6P: mannose-6-phosphate; PBS: phosphate-buffered saline; PCD: programmed cell death; PNGase: peptide-N-glycosidase F; RFP: red fluorescent protein; RNAi: RNA interference; SDS-PAGE: sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; SYX17: syntaxin 17; USP1: ultraspiracle isoform 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Qin Di
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Han
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xin-Le Kang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Di Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Cai-Hua Chen
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jin-Xing Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiao-Fan Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
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Li P, Zhu K, Mo Y, Deng X, Jiang X, Shi L, Guo C, Zhang W, Zeng Z, Li G, Xiong W, Zhang S, Gong Z. Research Progress of circRNAs in Head and Neck Cancers. Front Oncol 2021; 11:616202. [PMID: 33996542 PMCID: PMC8117014 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.616202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a novel type of non-coding RNAs. Because of their characteristics of a closed loop structure, disease- and tissue-specificity, and high conservation and stability, circRNAs have the potential to be biomarkers for disease diagnosis. Head and neck cancers are one of the most common malignant tumors with high incidence rates globally. Affected patients are often diagnosed at the advanced stage with poor prognosis, owing to the concealment of anatomic sites. The characteristics, functions, and specific mechanisms of circRNAs in head and neck cancers are increasingly being discovered, and they have important clinical significance for the early diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis evaluation of patients with cancer. In this study, the generation, characteristics, and functions of circRNAs, along with their regulatory mechanisms in head and neck cancers have been summarized. We report that circRNAs interact with molecules such as transcription and growth factors to influence specific pathways involved in tumorigenesis. We conclude that circRNAs have an important role to play in the proliferation, invasion, metastasis, energy and substance metabolism, and treatment resistance in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panchun Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Kunjie Zhu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yongzhen Mo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiangying Deng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xianjie Jiang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Can Guo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenling Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhaoyang Zeng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guiyuan Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhaojian Gong
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Garay-Sevilla ME, Gomez-Ojeda A, González I, Luévano-Contreras C, Rojas A. Contribution of RAGE axis activation to the association between metabolic syndrome and cancer. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:1555-1573. [PMID: 33398664 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-04022-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Far beyond the compelling proofs supporting that the metabolic syndrome represents a risk factor for diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, a growing body of evidence suggests that it is also a risk factor for different types of cancer. However, the involved molecular mechanisms underlying this association are not fully understood, and they have been mainly focused on the individual contributions of each component of the metabolic syndrome such as obesity, hyperglycemia, and high blood pressure to the development of cancer. The Receptor for Advanced Glycation End-products (RAGE) axis activation has emerged as an important contributor to the pathophysiology of many clinical entities, by fueling a chronic inflammatory milieu, and thus supporting an optimal microenvironment to promote tumor growth and progression. In the present review, we intend to highlight that RAGE axis activation is a crosswise element on the potential mechanistic contributions of some relevant components of metabolic syndrome into the association with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ma Eugenia Garay-Sevilla
- Department of Medical Science, Division of Health Science, University of Guanajuato, Campus León, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Armando Gomez-Ojeda
- Department of Medical Science, Division of Health Science, University of Guanajuato, Campus León, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Ileana González
- Biomedical Research Labs, Medicine Faculty, Catholic University of Maule, Talca, Chile
| | - Claudia Luévano-Contreras
- Department of Medical Science, Division of Health Science, University of Guanajuato, Campus León, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Armando Rojas
- Biomedical Research Labs, Medicine Faculty, Catholic University of Maule, Talca, Chile.
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Novel Regulators of the IGF System in Cancer. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11020273. [PMID: 33673232 PMCID: PMC7918569 DOI: 10.3390/biom11020273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system is a dynamic network of proteins, which includes cognate ligands, membrane receptors, ligand binding proteins and functional downstream effectors. It plays a critical role in regulating several important physiological processes including cell growth, metabolism and differentiation. Importantly, alterations in expression levels or activation of components of the IGF network are implicated in many pathological conditions including diabetes, obesity and cancer initiation and progression. In this review we will initially cover some general aspects of IGF action and regulation in cancer and then focus in particular on the role of transcriptional regulators and novel interacting proteins, which functionally contribute in fine tuning IGF1R signaling in several cancer models. A deeper understanding of the biological relevance of this network of IGF1R modulators might provide novel therapeutic opportunities to block this system in neoplasia.
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Stankovic S, R. Day F, Zhao Y, Langenberg C, J. Wareham N, R. B. Perry J, K. Ong K. Elucidating the genetic architecture underlying IGF1 levels and its impact on genomic instability and cancer risk. Wellcome Open Res 2021. [DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16417.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1) has been implicated in mitogenic and anti-apoptotic mechanisms that promote susceptibility to cancer development and growth. Previous epidemiological studies have described phenotypic associations between higher circulating levels of IGF1 in adults with higher risks for breast, prostate, ovarian, colorectal, melanoma and lung cancers. However, such evidence is prone to confounding and reverse causality. Furthermore, it is unclear whether IGF1 promotes only the survival and proliferation of cancerous cells, or also the malignant transformation of healthy cells. Methods: We perform a genome-wide association study in 428,525 white European ancestry individuals in the UK Biobank study (UKBB) and identify 831 independent genetic determinants of circulating IGF1 levels, double the number previously reported. Results: Collectively these signals explain ~7.5% of the variance in circulating IGF1 levels in EPIC-Norfolk, with individuals in the highest 10% of genetic risk exhibiting ~1 SD higher levels than those in the lowest 10%. Using a Mendelian randomization approach, we demonstrate that genetically higher circulating IGF1 levels are associated with greater likelihood of mosaic loss of chromosome Y in leukocytes in men in UKBB (OR per +1 SD = 1.038 (95% CI: 1.010-1.067), P=0.008) and 23andMe, Inc. (P=6.8×10-05), a biomarker of genomic instability involved in early tumorigenesis. Genetically higher IGF1 is also associated with higher risks for colorectal (OR = 1.126 (1.048-1.210), P=1.3×10-03) and breast cancer (OR= 1.075 (1.048-1.103), P=3.9×10-08), with similar effects on estrogen positive (ER+) (OR = 1.069 (1.037-1.102), P=2.3×10-05) and estrogen negative (ER-) (OR = 1.074 (1.025-1.125), P=3.9×10-08) subtypes. Conclusions: These findings give an insight into the genetic regulation of circulating IGF1 levels and support a causal role for IGF1 in early tumorigenesis and risks for breast and colorectal cancers.
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Santonocito S, Polizzi A, Palazzo G, Indelicato F, Isola G. Dietary Factors Affecting the Prevalence and Impact of Periodontal Disease. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent 2021; 13:283-292. [PMID: 34267556 PMCID: PMC8276823 DOI: 10.2147/ccide.s288137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last few decades, growing evidence have shown a possible impact of diet and nutrients on oral health. This review aims to describe, in the light of current knowledge, the role of diet, nutrients, and micronutrients in periodontal health and periodontal diseases. A variety of macronutrients and micronutrients could have an impact on periodontal health. The balanced intake of unprocessed complex carbohydrates, vegetable proteins, omega-3 fatty acids, minerals, and vitamins positively affects periodontal inflammation. On the other way, refined carbohydrates, non-vegetable proteins, proinflammatory saturated fatty acids and an unbalanced supply of vitamins and minerals may increase periodontal inflammation. This review will discuss the current evidence that shows how a healthy and balanced diet has anti-inflammatory and protective effects on periodontal health. Therefore, it appears that adopting a correct lifestyle and diet should be encouraged in patients with oral and periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Santonocito
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Alessandro Polizzi
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Palazzo
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Francesco Indelicato
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Gaetano Isola
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Correspondence: Gaetano Isola Unit of Periodontology, Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, Catania, 95123, ItalyTel/Fax +390953782453 Email
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Nur SI, Ozturk A, Kavas M, Bulut I, Alparslan S, Aydogan ES, Atinkaya BC, Kolay M, Coskun A. IGFBP-4: A promising biomarker for lung cancer. J Med Biochem 2021; 40:237-244. [PMID: 34177367 PMCID: PMC8199439 DOI: 10.5937/jomb0-25629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-4 (IGFBP-4), a member of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) family, transports, and regulates the activity of IGFs. The pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) has proteolytic activity towards IGFBP-4, and both proteins have been associated with a variety of cancers, including lung cancer. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the use of IGFBP-4 and PAPP-A as potential biomarkers for lung cancer. Methods: Eighty-three volunteers, including 60 patients with lung cancer and 23 healthy individuals, were included in this study. The patients with lung cancer were selected based on their treatment status, histological subgroup, and stage of the disease. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to assess the serum levels of IGFBP-4 and PAPPA, whereas the IGF-1 levels were measured using a chemiluminescent immunometric assay. Results: The serum IGFBP-4 levels in all patient groups, regardless of the treatment status and histological differences, were significantly higher than those in the control group (p<0.005). However, the serum PAPP-A levels in the untreated patient group were found to be higher than those in the control group, but this difference was not statistically significant (p=0.086). Conclusions: The serum PAPP-A and IGFBP-4 levels are elevated in lung cancer. However, IGFBP-4 may have better potential than PAPP-A as a lung cancer biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savas Irem Nur
- Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Akin Ozturk
- University of Health Sciences, Istanbul Sureyyapasa Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Department of Medical Oncology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Murat Kavas
- University of Health Sciences, Istanbul Sureyyapasa Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Department of Chest Disease, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ismet Bulut
- University of Health Sciences, Istanbul Sureyyapasa Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Department of Allergy and Immunology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sumeyye Alparslan
- University of Health Sciences, Istanbul Sureyyapasa Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Department of Chest Disease, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Eroglu Selma Aydogan
- University of Health Sciences, Istanbul Sureyyapasa Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Department of Chest Disease, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Baytemir Cansel Atinkaya
- University of Health Sciences, Istanbul Sureyyapasa Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Murat Kolay
- Acibadem Labmed Clinical Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Abdurrahman Coskun
- Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul, Turkey
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Lazúrová I, Jochmanová I, Sotak Š, Špaková I, Mareková M. Is there a role for the IGF system and epidermal growth factor (EGF) in the pathogenesis of adrenocortical adenomas? A preliminary case-control study. Physiol Res 2020; 69:1085-1094. [PMID: 33210933 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Adrenal incidentalomas (AI) are very common and mostly they are non-functioning adenomas (NFA). NFAs are often associated with insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. Several biomarkers, including certain growth factors, may participatein the pathogenesis ofmetabolic changes in patients with adrenal adenomas.Patients with NFA and age-matched control subjects were enrolled in the study. Data on age, gender, presence of metabolic syndrome or its components were obtained for each subject. Blood samples were obtained and glycemia, insulinemia, lipid profile, and selected growth factor levels were measured. Forty-three patients with NFA and 40 controls were included in the study. Differences were not found in the metabolic syndrome and its components prevalence or in the biochemical profile between patients and the control group. Significant differences were noticed in the levels of IGF1, IGF2, and IGFBP3 (p=0.016, p=0.005, p=0.004, respectively), but there were no differences in VEGF or EGF concentrations. In NFA patients, an association between glycemia and EGF levels was present (p=0.026). No significant correlations between tumor size and insulin or growth factor concentrations were present in AI patients. Significantly higher serum IGF1, IGF2, and IGFBP3 concentrations in NFA patients may support the role of the IGF axis in the pathogenesis of adrenocortical lesions.No correlation between IGFs or IGFBP3 and parameters of glucose or lipid metabolism was found. Present results may support the role of the growth hormone axis rather than hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance in the pathogenesis of adrenocortical adenomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Lazúrová
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, P.J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovakia.
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Vella V, De Francesco EM, Lappano R, Muoio MG, Manzella L, Maggiolini M, Belfiore A. Microenvironmental Determinants of Breast Cancer Metastasis: Focus on the Crucial Interplay Between Estrogen and Insulin/Insulin-Like Growth Factor Signaling. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:608412. [PMID: 33364239 PMCID: PMC7753049 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.608412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The development and progression of the great majority of breast cancers (BCs) are mainly dependent on the biological action elicited by estrogens through the classical estrogen receptor (ER), as well as the alternate receptor named G-protein–coupled estrogen receptor (GPER). In addition to estrogens, other hormones and growth factors, including the insulin and insulin-like growth factor system (IIGFs), play a role in BC. IIGFs cooperates with estrogen signaling to generate a multilevel cross-communication that ultimately facilitates the transition toward aggressive and life-threatening BC phenotypes. In this regard, the majority of BC deaths are correlated with the formation of metastatic lesions at distant sites. A thorough scrutiny of the biological and biochemical events orchestrating metastasis formation and dissemination has shown that virtually all cell types within the tumor microenvironment work closely with BC cells to seed cancerous units at distant sites. By establishing an intricate scheme of paracrine interactions that lead to the expression of genes involved in metastasis initiation, progression, and virulence, the cross-talk between BC cells and the surrounding microenvironmental components does dictate tumor fate and patients’ prognosis. Following (i) a description of the main microenvironmental events prompting BC metastases and (ii) a concise overview of estrogen and the IIGFs signaling and their major regulatory functions in BC, here we provide a comprehensive analysis of the most recent findings on the role of these transduction pathways toward metastatic dissemination. In particular, we focused our attention on the main microenvironmental targets of the estrogen-IIGFs interplay, and we recapitulated relevant molecular nodes that orientate shared biological responses fostering the metastatic program. On the basis of available studies, we propose that a functional cross-talk between estrogens and IIGFs, by affecting the BC microenvironment, may contribute to the metastatic process and may be regarded as a novel target for combination therapies aimed at preventing the metastatic evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Vella
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, Catania, Italy
| | - Ernestina Marianna De Francesco
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, Catania, Italy
| | - Rosamaria Lappano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Muoio
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, Catania, Italy.,Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Livia Manzella
- Center of Experimental Oncology and Hematology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria (A.O.U.) Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele, Catania, Italy.,Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Marcello Maggiolini
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Antonino Belfiore
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, Catania, Italy
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Testosterone-loaded GM1 micelles targeted to the intracellular androgen receptor for the specific induction of genomic androgen signaling. Int J Pharm 2020; 591:119985. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Garcia-Lezana T, Lopez-Canovas JL, Villanueva A. Signaling pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma. Adv Cancer Res 2020; 149:63-101. [PMID: 33579428 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2020.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite the recent introduction of new effective systemic agents, the survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) at advanced stages remains dismal. This underscores the need for new therapies, which has spurred extensive research on the identification of the main drivers of pathway de-regulation as a source of novel therapeutic targets. Frequently altered pathways in HCC involve growth factor receptors (e.g., VEGFR, FGFR, TGFA, EGFR, IGFR) and/or its cytoplasmic intermediates (e.g., PI3K-AKT-mTOR, RAF/ERK/MAPK) as well as key pathways in cell differentiation (e.g., Wnt/β-catenin, JAK/STAT, Hippo, Hedgehog, Notch). Somatic mutations, chromosomal aberrations and epigenetic changes are common mechanisms for pathway deregulation in HCC. Aberrant pathway activation has also been explored as a biomarker to predict response to specific therapies, but currently, these strategies are not implemented when deciding systemic therapies in HCC patients. Beyond the well-established molecular cascades, there are numerous emerging signaling pathways also deregulated in HCC (e.g., tumor microenvironment, non-coding RNA, intestinal microbiota), which have opened new avenues for therapeutic exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Garcia-Lezana
- Division of Liver Diseases, Liver Cancer Program, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Juan Luis Lopez-Canovas
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Maimonides Institute of Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Augusto Villanueva
- Division of Liver Diseases, Liver Cancer Program, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States; Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.
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Liu CT, Xu YW, Guo H, Hong CQ, Huang XY, Luo YH, Yang SH, Chu LY, Li EM, Peng YH. Serum Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 7 as a Potential Biomarker in the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Esophagogastric Junction Adenocarcinoma. Gut Liver 2020; 14:727-734. [PMID: 31822054 PMCID: PMC7667930 DOI: 10.5009/gnl19135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma (EJA) is a malignant tumor associated with high morbidity and has attracted increasing attention due to a rising incidence and low survival rate. Pathological biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosis, but noninvasive and effective tests are lacking, resulting in diagnoses at advanced stages. This study explored the diagnostic value of insulin-like growth factor binding protein 7 (IGFBP7) in EJA. METHODS A total of 120 EJA patients and 88 normal controls were recruited, and their serum levels of IGFBP7 were measured by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to assess the diagnostic value, and Pearson chi-square analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between IGFBP7 and clinical parameters. Kaplan- Meier survival analysis was carried out to assess the effect of IGFBP7 on overall survival (OS). RESULTS The levels of IGFBP7 were higher in both early- and late-stage EJA patients than in normal controls (p<0.001). The area under the ROC curve for EJA patients was 0.794 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.733 to 0.854), with a cutoff value of 2.716 ng/mL, a sensitivity of 63.3% (95% CI, 54.0% to 71.8%) and a specificity of 90.9% (95% CI, 82.4% to 95.7%). For the diagnosis of early-stage EJA, the same cutoff value and specificity were obtained, but the sensitivity of IGFBP7 was 54.3% (95% CI, 36.9% to 70.8%). Patients with low IGFBP7 protein expression had lower OS than those with high expression (p=0.034). The multivariate analysis showed that IGFBP7 is an independent prognostic factor for EJA (p=0.011). CONCLUSIONS Serum IGFBP7 acts as a potential diagnostic and prognostic marker for EJA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can-Tong Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, the Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Precision Medicine Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yi-Wei Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, the Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Precision Medicine Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Research Institute, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Correspondence to: Yu-Hui Peng, En-Min Li, and Yi-Wei Xu, Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, the Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No.7 Raoping Road, Shantou 515041, China, Tel: +86-137-1591-2739, Fax: +86-754-8856-0352, E-mail: , Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, No.22 Xinling Road, Shantou 515041, China, Tel: +86-138-0929-1605, Fax: +86-754-8890-0847, E-mail: , Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, the Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No.7 Raoping Road, Shantou 515041, China, Tel: +86-159-8970-1200, Fax: +86-754-8856-0352, E-mail:
| | - Hong Guo
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, the Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Chao-Qun Hong
- Departments of Oncological Laboratory Research, the Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Xin-Yi Huang
- Precision Medicine Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yu-Hao Luo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, the Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Shi-Han Yang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, China
| | - Ling-Yu Chu
- Precision Medicine Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - En-Min Li
- Precision Medicine Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Research Institute, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Correspondence to: Yu-Hui Peng, En-Min Li, and Yi-Wei Xu, Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, the Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No.7 Raoping Road, Shantou 515041, China, Tel: +86-137-1591-2739, Fax: +86-754-8856-0352, E-mail: , Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, No.22 Xinling Road, Shantou 515041, China, Tel: +86-138-0929-1605, Fax: +86-754-8890-0847, E-mail: , Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, the Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No.7 Raoping Road, Shantou 515041, China, Tel: +86-159-8970-1200, Fax: +86-754-8856-0352, E-mail:
| | - Yu-Hui Peng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, the Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Precision Medicine Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Research Institute, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Correspondence to: Yu-Hui Peng, En-Min Li, and Yi-Wei Xu, Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, the Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No.7 Raoping Road, Shantou 515041, China, Tel: +86-137-1591-2739, Fax: +86-754-8856-0352, E-mail: , Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, No.22 Xinling Road, Shantou 515041, China, Tel: +86-138-0929-1605, Fax: +86-754-8890-0847, E-mail: , Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, the Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No.7 Raoping Road, Shantou 515041, China, Tel: +86-159-8970-1200, Fax: +86-754-8856-0352, E-mail:
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Alarcón R, Rivera OE, Ingaramo PI, Tschopp MV, Dioguardi GH, Milesi MM, Muñoz-de-Toro M, Luque EH. Neonatal exposure to a glyphosate-based herbicide alters the uterine differentiation of prepubertal ewe lambs. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 265:114874. [PMID: 32599332 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The exposure to endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs), such as glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs), during early life might alter female fertility. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of neonatal exposure to a GBH on sheep uterine development. To achieve this, Friesian ewe lambs were exposed to GBH (2 mg/kg of body weight/day; n = 12) or vehicle (controls; n = 10) through s.c. injections, from postnatal day (PND) 1 to PND14; on PND45, the uteri were obtained to evaluate histomorphological and molecular parameters. Morphological parameters were determined by picrosirius-hematoxylin staining. Protein expression of Ki67 (as a cell proliferation marker), p27, and molecules involved in uterine organogenetic differentiation was measured by immunohistochemistry. We also determined the mRNA expression of the IGF molecular pathway by RT-PCR. Although histomorphology was not modified, the uteri of GBH-exposed ewe lambs showed lower cell proliferation, together with higher p27 protein expression. In addition, the uteri of GBH-exposed ewe lambs showed increased gene expression of insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3), decreased expression of ERα in the luminal (LE) and glandular (GE) epithelia and in the subepithelial stroma (SS), and lower PR expression in the LE but higher in the GE and SS. In addition, GBH treatment decreased the uterine expression of Wnt5a in the GE, of Wnt7a in the SS, of β-catenin in the LE and GE, of Hoxa10 in the SS, and of Foxa2 in the GE as compared with controls. In conclusion, neonatal exposure to GBH decreased cell proliferation and altered the expression of molecules that control proliferation and development in the uterus. All these changes might have adverse consequences on uterine differentiation and functionality, affecting the female reproductive health of sheep. GBH may be responsible for uterine subfertility, acting as an EDC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramiro Alarcón
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Oscar E Rivera
- Instituto de Investigación sobre Producción Agropecuaria, Ambiente y Salud (IIPAAS), Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Lomas de Zamora, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Paola I Ingaramo
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - María V Tschopp
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Gisela H Dioguardi
- Instituto de Investigación sobre Producción Agropecuaria, Ambiente y Salud (IIPAAS), Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Lomas de Zamora, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mercedes M Milesi
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Mónica Muñoz-de-Toro
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Enrique H Luque
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina.
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47
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Zhao J, Guo C, Ma Z, Liu H, Yang C, Li S. Identification of a novel gene expression signature associated with overall survival in patients with lung adenocarcinoma: A comprehensive analysis based on TCGA and GEO databases. Lung Cancer 2020; 149:90-96. [PMID: 33002836 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2020.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common subtype of non-small cell lung cancer. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying tumor progression is of clinical significance. This study aimed to identify novel molecular markers associated with LUAD prognosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS RNA sequencing data from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database of LUAD tumors and paired normal tissues, and microarray data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were obtained. In the TCGA dataset, differentially expressed (DE) genes were identified by comparing gene expression between early-stage tumors and normal tissue, as well as between advanced-stage and early-stage tumors. A risk score was developed using a weighted linear combination of individual dysregulated protein-coding genes that was associated with overall survival (OS). The prognostic value of the risk score was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier and multivariate Cox analysis. The gene signature was further validated using independent datasets from GEO. RESULTS Among the 68 identified DE genes, 19 were individually associated with OS in univariate analyses. A risk score was constructed for each patient based on the coefficients in multivariate Cox model and normalized expression levels of these 19 genes. LUAD patients with a low risk score had a significantly better survival than those with a high risk score (log-rank P < 0.0001). After adjusting for age, sex, clinical stage, smoking history, and treatments, the patients with a low risk score had a 81 % decreased risk for death, compared to those with a high risk score (hazard ratio 0.19, 95 % confidence interval 0.097-0.36). The significant association of the risk score with OS in LUAD patients was further validated in three independent GEO datasets. CONCLUSION A novel 19-gene prognostic signature based on gene expression was identified in LUAD patients. The findings further improve the understanding of LUAD prognostication and have the potential to facilitate risk-stratified disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Chao Guo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Zhiming Ma
- Division of Research and Development, Oriomics Inc. Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, China
| | - Hongsheng Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Chuhu Yang
- Division of Research and Development, Oriomics Inc. Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, China.
| | - Shanqing Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.
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48
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Role of Alternatively Spliced Messenger RNA (mRNA) Isoforms of the Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 (IGF1) in Selected Human Tumors. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21196995. [PMID: 32977489 PMCID: PMC7582825 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21196995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) is a key regulator of tissue growth and development that is also implicated in the initiation and progression of various cancers. The human IGF1 gene contains six exons and five long introns, the transcription of which is controlled by two promoters (P1 and P2). Alternate promoter usage, as well as alternative splicing (AS) of IGF1, results in the expression of six various variants (isoforms) of mRNA, i.e., IA, IB, IC, IIA, IIB, and IIC. A mature 70-kDa IGF1 protein is coded only by exons 3 and 4, while exons 5 and 6 are alternatively spliced code for the three C-terminal E peptides: Ea (exon 6), Eb (exon 5), and Ec (fragments of exons 5 and 6). The most abundant of those transcripts is IGF1Ea, followed by IGF1Eb and IGF1Ec (also known as mechano-growth factor, MGF). The presence of different IGF1 transcripts suggests tissue-specific auto- and/or paracrine action, as well as separate regulation of both of these gene promoters. In physiology, the role of different IGF1 mRNA isoforms and pro-peptides is best recognized in skeletal muscle tissue. Their functions include the development and regeneration of muscles, as well as maintenance of proper muscle mass. In turn, in nervous tissue, a neuroprotective function of short peptides, produced as a result of IGF1 expression and characterized by significant blood-brain barrier penetrance, has been described and could be a potential therapeutic target. When it comes to the regulation of carcinogenesis, the potential biological role of different var iants of IGF1 mRNAs and pro-peptides is also intensively studied. This review highlights the role of IGF1 isoform expression (mRNAs, proteins) in physiology and different types of human tumors (e.g., breast cancer, cervical cancer, colorectal cancer, osteosarcoma, prostate and thyroid cancers), as well as mechanisms of IGF1 spliced variants involvement in tumor biology.
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49
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Larsson SC, Carter P, Vithayathil M, Kar S, Mason AM, Burgess S. Insulin-like growth factor-1 and site-specific cancers: A Mendelian randomization study. Cancer Med 2020; 9:6836-6842. [PMID: 32717139 PMCID: PMC7520358 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is involved in several processes relevant to carcinogenesis. We used 416 single-nucleotide polymorphisms robustly associated with serum IGF-1 levels to assess the potential causal associations between this hormone and site-specific cancers through Mendelian randomization. Summary-level genetic association estimates for prostate, breast, ovarian, and lung cancer were obtained from large-scale consortia including individuals of European-descent. Furthermore, we estimated genetic associations with 14 site-specific cancers in European-descent individuals in UK Biobank. Supplementary analyses were conducted for six site-specific cancers using summary-level data from the BioBank Japan Project. Genetically predicted serum IGF-1 levels were associated with colorectal cancer. The odds ratio (OR) per standard deviation increase of IGF-1 levels was 1.11 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01-1.22; P = .03) in UK Biobank and 1.22 (95% CI 1.09-1.36; P = 3.9 × 10-4 ) in the BioBank Japan Project. For prostate cancer, the corresponding OR was 1.10 (95% CI 1.01-1.21; P = .04) in UK Biobank, 1.03 (95% CI 0.97-1.09; P = .41) in the prostate cancer consortium, and 1.08 (95% CI 0.95-1.22; P = .24) in the BioBank Japan Project. For breast cancer, the corresponding OR was 0.99 (95% CI 0.92-1.07; P = .85) in UK Biobank and 1.08 (95% CI 1.02-1.13; P = 4.4 × 10-3 ) in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium. There was no statistically significant association between genetically predicted IGF-1 levels and 14 other cancers. This study found some support for a causal association between elevated serum IGF-1 levels and increased risk of colorectal cancer. There was inconclusive or no evidence of a causal association of IGF-1 levels with prostate, breast, and other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna C. Larsson
- Department of Surgical SciencesUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional EpidemiologyInstitute of Environmental MedicineKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Paul Carter
- Department of Public Health and Primary CareUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | | | - Siddhartha Kar
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology UnitBristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | - Amy M. Mason
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology UnitDepartment of Public Health and Primary CareUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research CentreUniversity of Cambridge and Cambridge University HospitalsCambridgeUK
| | - Stephen Burgess
- Department of Public Health and Primary CareUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- MRC Biostatistics UnitUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
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50
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Li Y, Chen R, Yang J, Mo S, Quek K, Kok CH, Cheng XD, Tian S, Zhang W, Qin JJ. Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis Reveals Key Candidate Genes and Pathways Associated With Clinical Outcome in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Genet 2020; 11:814. [PMID: 32849813 PMCID: PMC7396661 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for approximately 85-90% of all liver cancer cases and has poor relapse-free survival. There are many gene expression studies that have been performed to elucidate the genetic landscape and driver pathways leading to HCC. However, existing studies have been limited by the sample size and thus the pathogenesis of HCC is still unclear. In this study, we performed an integrated characterization using four independent datasets including 320 HCC samples and 270 normal liver tissues to identify the candidate genes and pathways in the progression of HCC. A total of 89 consistent differentially expression genes (DEGs) were identified. Gene-set enrichment analysis revealed that these genes were significantly enriched for cellular response to zinc ion in biological process group, collagen trimer in the cellular component group, extracellular matrix (ECM) structural constituent conferring tensile strength in the molecular function group, protein digestion and absorption, mineral absorption and ECM-receptor interaction. Network system biology based on the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was also performed to identify the most connected and important genes based on our DEGs. The top five hub genes including osteopontin (SPP1), Collagen alpha-2(I) chain (COL1A2), Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF1), lipoprotein A (LPA), and Galectin-3 (LGALS3) were identified. Western blot and immunohistochemistry analysis were employed to verify the differential protein expression of hub genes in HCC patients. More importantly, we identified that these five hub genes were significantly associated with poor disease-free survival and overall survival. In summary, we have identified a potential clinical significance of these genes as prognostic biomarkers for HCC patients who would benefit from experimental approaches to obtain optimal outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubin Li
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Runzhe Chen
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States.,Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jian Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaowei Mo
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kelly Quek
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States.,Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States.,Accenture Applied Intelligence, ASEAN, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chung H Kok
- Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Discipline of Medicine, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Xiang-Dong Cheng
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.,Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Saisai Tian
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weidong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiang-Jiang Qin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.,Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
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