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Almowallad S, Al-Massabi R. Berberine modulates cardiovascular diseases as a multitarget-mediated alkaloid with insights into its downstream signals using in silico prospective screening approaches. Saudi J Biol Sci 2024; 31:103977. [PMID: 38510527 PMCID: PMC10951604 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2024.103977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is potentially correlated with several cardiac disorders that are greatly associated with cellular oxidative stress generation, inflammation, endothelial cells dysfunction, and many cardiovascular complications. Berberine is a natural isoquinoline alkaloid compound that widely modulates pathogenesis of atherosclerosis through its different curative potentials. This in silico screening study was designed to confirm the potent restorative properties of berberine chloride as a multitarget-mediated alkaloid against the CVDs and their complications through screening, identifying, visualizing, and evaluating its binding models, affinities, and interactions toward several CVDs-related targets as direct and/or indirect-mediated signals via inhibiting cellular ER stress and apoptotic signals and activating autophagy pathway. The drug-likeness properties of berberine were predicted using the computational QSAR/ADMET and Lipinski's RO5 analyses as well as in silico molecular docking simulations. The potent berberine-binding modes, residues-interaction patterns, and free energies of binding scores towards several CVDs-related targets were estimated using molecular docking tools. Furthermore, the pharmacokinetic properties and toxicological features of berberine were clearly determined. According to this in silico virtual screening study, berberine chloride could restore cardiac function and improve pathogenic features of atherosclerotic CVDs through alleviating ER stress and apoptotic signals, activating autophagy, improving insulin sensitivity, decreasing hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia, increasing intracellular RCT signaling, attenuating oxidative stress and vascular inflammation, and upregulating cellular antioxidant defenses in many cardiovascular tissues. In this in silico study, berberine chloride greatly modulated several potent CVDs-related targets, including SIGMAR1, GRP78, CASP3, BECN1, PIK3C3, SQSTM1/p62, LC3B, GLUT3, INSR, LDLR, LXRα, PPARγ, IL1β, IFNγ, iNOS, COX-2, MCP-1, IL10, GPx1, and SOD3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaa Almowallad
- Assistant Professor of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rehab Al-Massabi
- Assistant Professor of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
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Qammar N, Zain M, Jabeen R, Deeba F, Iqbal N, Rashad Javeed HM, Alatawi FS, Alatawi MS, Almowallad S, Alharbi AA, Şahin H. Association of a single-nucleotide polymorphism in C12orf43 region with the risk of coronary artery disease. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2024; 70:24-29. [PMID: 38430045 DOI: 10.14715/cmb/2024.70.2.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
The genetics of organisms play a vital role in the development of coronary artery disease (CAD), with its heritability estimated at approximately 50-60%. For this purpose, we examined the relationship between CAD risk and C12orf43/rs2258287 polymorphisms in the Pakistani population. In this study based on the genetic approach to dyslipidemia, a total of 200 subjects were included from the southern Punjab. The biochemical analysis of parameters (total cholesterol, triglycerides, blood glucose, high-density lipoprotein, and low-density lipoprotein) was carried out along with molecular analysis using an ARMS-PCR-based assay for single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) C12orf43/rs2258287 to identify the genotype. Genotypes showed a substantial correlation with both family history and metabolic markers. The cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides and blood glucose levels were higher while the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level was lower significantly (p<0.05) in cases than in controls. Age, pulse rate, diabetes, physical activity, smoking, family history, and dietary habits were also significantly associated (p<0.05) with CAD individuals. The SNP C12orf43/rs2258287 also showed an association with CAD in the population of southern Punjab. Based upon this study, it could be concluded that CAD is characterized by an unfavorable lipid profile in association with SNP C12orf43/rs2258287.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najma Qammar
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, The Women University, Multan-60000 Punjab, Pakistan.
| | - Maryam Zain
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, The Women University, Multan-60000 Punjab, Pakistan.
| | - Raheela Jabeen
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, The Women University, Multan-60000 Punjab, Pakistan.
| | - Farah Deeba
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, The Women University, Multan-60000 Punjab, Pakistan.
| | - Nadia Iqbal
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, The Women University, Multan-60000 Punjab, Pakistan.
| | | | - Fatema Suliman Alatawi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohsen Suliman Alatawi
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Sanaa Almowallad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Amnah A Alharbi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hüseyin Şahin
- Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University faculty of medicine, Tekirdağ, Turkey
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Ali F, Ali F, Bibi A, S. Dessoky E, Almowallad S, AlShaqhaa MA, AL-Balawi SM, Darwish DBE, Allohibi A, Omara MY, Althobaiti F. Morphological, Biochemical, and Molecular Characterization of Exotic Brassica Germplasm. ACS Omega 2023; 8:44773-44783. [PMID: 38046330 PMCID: PMC10688158 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) is an important oilseed crop. We examined the diversity of germplasm expressed at three distinct levels (i.e., morphological, biochemical, and DNA levels). In this study, 150 B. napus L. accessions with three check varieties were provided by Bioresources Conservation Institute. The germplasm was grown in field conditions for data collection of 15 quantitative and nine qualitative agro-morphological traits. The result indicated that for 15 quantitative agro-morphological traits, the highest coefficient of variation was recorded for plant height and days to flowering initiation. For nine qualitative traits, most of the accessions have a spatulate leaf, brown color seeds, yellow flowers, and erect silique attitude. The best adoptable genetically diverse exotic Brassica germplasms were selected, i.e., accessions 24178, 24881, 24199, 24214, 24242, and 24192. Based on biochemical analysis for high oil content and high oleic acid content, chakwal sarsoon and accession 24192 were selected. For high oleic and linoleic acids, accession 24181 performed best, for low erucic acid accessions 24177 and 24195. Based on molecular (SSR) markers, the top 50 selected genotypes were evaluated with 30 SSR markers. The 47 genotypes with three check varieties were clustered in six major groups; the coefficient of similarity ranged between 0.18 and 1.00. Based on SSR data, the germplasms accession 24178 and Abasin were the most diverse genotypes. These genotypes have the capacity and could be used in future breeding programs. High genetic variations were investigated through the SSR among the studied genotypes of Brassica napus L. The present study also concluded that SSR is a better technique for intraspecific genetic diversity. Other modern techniques should be applied such as SNIP for the investigation of a high level of genetic diversity among crop plants in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawad Ali
- Institute
of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Bacha
Khan University, Charsadda, KPK 24420, Pakistan
| | - Farhad Ali
- Institute
of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Bacha
Khan University, Charsadda, KPK 24420, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Bibi
- Department
of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Women
University Mardan, Mardan 24420, KP, Pakistan
| | - Eldessoky S. Dessoky
- Department
of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sanaa Almowallad
- Department
of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University
of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Siham M. AL-Balawi
- Department
of Biology, Faculty of Science, University
of Tabuk P.O.Box:741, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Doaa Bahaa Eldin Darwish
- Department
of Biology, Faculty of Science, University
of Tabuk P.O.Box:741, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
- Botany
Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura
University, Mansoura 35511, Egypt
| | - Aminah Allohibi
- Biological
Sciences Department, College of Science & Arts, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh 21911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Y. Omara
- Department
of Clinical Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31511, Egypt
| | - Fayez Althobaiti
- Department
of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif
University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
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Khurshaid I, Ilyas S, Zahra N, Ahmad S, Aziz T, Al-Asmari F, Almowallad S, Al-Massabi RF, Alanazi YF, Barqawi AA, Tahir Kassim RM, Alamri AS, Alhomrani M, Sameeh MY. Isolation, preparation and investigation of leaf extracts of Aloe barbadensis for its remedial effects on tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL-6) by in vivo and in silico approaches in experimental rats. Acta Biochim Pol 2023; 70:927-933. [PMID: 37938932 DOI: 10.18388/abp.2020_6827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Aloe barbadensis is a stemless plant with a length of 60-100 cm with juicy leaves which is used for its remedial and healing properties in different suburbs of various countries. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of A. barbadensis leaf extract (aqueous and ethanolic) in yeast induced pyrexia and acetic acid induced writhing in rat model to evaluate the antipyretic biomarkers and its phytochemical screening with computational analysis. For analgesic activity model 60 Albino rats (160-200 kg) were divided into four groups. Of the 4 groups, control consisted of 6 rats (Group I) treated with normal saline, standard comprised of 6 rats treated with drug diclofenac (Group I). Experimental groups consisted of 48 rats, treated with A. barbadensis ethanolic and aqueous leaf extracts at doses of 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 400 mg/kg (Group III. IV). For antipyretic activity group division was same as in analgesic activity. All groups were treated the same as in the analgesic activity except for the second group which was treated with paracetamol. In both antipyretic and analgesic activity at the dose of 400 mg/kg, group III showed significant inhibition. TNF-α and IL-6 showed significant antipyretic activity at a dose of 400 mg/kg. For molecular docking aloe emodin and cholestanol were used as ligand molecules to target proteins Tnf-α and IL-6. Acute oral toxicity study was performed. There was no mortality even at the dose of 2000 mg/kg. Quantitative and qualitative phytochemical screening was performed for the detection of various phytochemicals. Hence, A. barbadensis leaf extracts can be used in the form of medicine for the treatment of pain and fever.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iram Khurshaid
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology The University of Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sobia Ilyas
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology The University of Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Nureen Zahra
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology The University of Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Suhail Ahmad
- Department of Poultry Prodcution University of Veternary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tariq Aziz
- Department of Agriculture University of Iaonnina Arta, Greec
| | - Fahad Al-Asmari
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sanaa Almowallad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rehab F Al-Massabi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasmene F Alanazi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aminah A Barqawi
- Department of Chemistry, Al-Leith University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Abdulhakeem S Alamri
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, The Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majid Alhomrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, The Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal Y Sameeh
- Department of Chemistry, Al-Leith University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
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Mirza Z, Al-Saedi DA, Saddeek S, Almowallad S, AlMassabi RF, Huwait E. Atheroprotective Effect of Fucoidan in THP-1 Macrophages by Potential Upregulation of ABCA1. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2929. [PMID: 38001931 PMCID: PMC10669811 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11112929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeting foam cells reduces the risk and pathophysiology of atherosclerosis, of which they are one of its early hallmarks. The precise mechanism of action of fucoidan, a potential anti-atherogenic drug, is still unknown. Our objective was to assess the ability of fucoidan to regulate expression of ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) in ox-LDL-induced THP-1 macrophages. Molecular docking was used to predict how fucoidan interacts with anti-foam cell markers, and further in vitro experiments were performed to evaluate the protective effect of fucoidan on modulating uptake and efflux of lipids. THP-1 macrophages were protected by 50 µg/mL of fucoidan and were then induced to form foam cells with 25 µg/mL of ox-LDL. Expression levels were assessed using RT-qPCR, and an Oil Red O stain was used to observe lipid accumulation in THP-1 macrophages. In addition, ABCA1 protein was examined by Western blot, and cellular cholesterol efflux was determined using fluorescently labeled cholesterol. Under a light microscope, decreased lipid accumulation in ox-LDL-induced-THP-1 macrophages pre-treated with fucoidan showed a significant effect, although it did not affect the expression of scavenger receptors (SR-AI and CD36). It is interesting to note that fucoidan dramatically increased the gene and protein expression of ABCA1, perhaps via the liver X receptor-α (LXR-α). Moreover, fucoidan's ability to increase and control the efflux of cholesterol from ox-LDL-induced THP-1 macrophages revealed how it may alter ABCA1's conformation and have a major effect on how it interacts with apolipoprotein A (ApoA1). In vitro results support a rationale for predicting fucoidan and its interaction with its receptor targets' predicted data, hence validating its anti-atherogenic properties and suggesting that fucoidan could be promising as an atheroprotective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeenat Mirza
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dalal A. Al-Saedi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Cell Culture Lab, Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salma Saddeek
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafr Al Batin 39511, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sanaa Almowallad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 48322, Saudi Arabia (R.F.A.)
| | - Rehab F. AlMassabi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 48322, Saudi Arabia (R.F.A.)
| | - Etimad Huwait
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Cell Culture Lab, Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Almowallad S, Alqahtani LS, Mobashir M. NF-kB in Signaling Patterns and Its Temporal Dynamics Encode/Decode Human Diseases. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12122012. [PMID: 36556376 PMCID: PMC9788026 DOI: 10.3390/life12122012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Defects in signaling pathways are the root cause of many disorders. These malformations come in a wide variety of types, and their causes are also very diverse. Some of these flaws can be brought on by pathogenic organisms and viruses, many of which can obstruct signaling processes. Other illnesses are linked to malfunctions in the way that cell signaling pathways work. When thinking about how errors in signaling pathways might cause disease, the idea of signalosome remodeling is helpful. The signalosome may be conveniently divided into two types of defects: phenotypic remodeling and genotypic remodeling. The majority of significant illnesses that affect people, including high blood pressure, heart disease, diabetes, and many types of mental illness, appear to be caused by minute phenotypic changes in signaling pathways. Such phenotypic remodeling modifies cell behavior and subverts normal cellular processes, resulting in illness. There has not been much progress in creating efficient therapies since it has been challenging to definitively confirm this connection between signalosome remodeling and illness. The considerable redundancy included into cell signaling systems presents several potential for developing novel treatments for various disease conditions. One of the most important pathways, NF-κB, controls several aspects of innate and adaptive immune responses, is a key modulator of inflammatory reactions, and has been widely studied both from experimental and theoretical perspectives. NF-κB contributes to the control of inflammasomes and stimulates the expression of a number of pro-inflammatory genes, including those that produce cytokines and chemokines. Additionally, NF-κB is essential for controlling innate immune cells and inflammatory T cells' survival, activation, and differentiation. As a result, aberrant NF-κB activation plays a role in the pathogenesis of several inflammatory illnesses. The activation and function of NF-κB in relation to inflammatory illnesses was covered here, and the advancement of treatment approaches based on NF-κB inhibition will be highlighted. This review presents the temporal behavior of NF-κB and its potential relevance in different human diseases which will be helpful not only for theoretical but also for experimental perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaa Almowallad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Leena S. Alqahtani
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 23445, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (L.S.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Mohammad Mobashir
- SciLifeLab, Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, P.O. Box 1031, S-17121 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Natural Science, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
- Special Infectious Agents Unit—BSL3, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21362, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (L.S.A.); (M.M.)
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Huwait E, Almowallad S, Al-Massabi R, Saddeek S, Gauthaman K, Prola A. Punicalagin Targets Atherosclerosis: Gene Expression Profiling of THP-1 Macrophages Treated with Punicalagin and Molecular Docking. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:2153-2166. [PMID: 35678674 PMCID: PMC9164052 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44050145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is an important cause of cardiovascular disorders worldwide. Natural botanical drugs have attracted attention due to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiatherogenic properties in the treatment of atherosclerosis. Punicalagin is the major bioactive component of pomegranate peel, and has been shown to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, anti proliferation, and anticancer properties. To explore its antiatherogenic properties at a molecular level, we investigated the genome-wide expression changes that occur in differentiated THP1 cells following treatment with a non-toxic dose of punicalagin. We also conducted a molecular docking simulation study to identify the molecular targets of punicalagin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etimad Huwait
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah 22254, Saudi Arabia
- Cell Culture Unit & Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahad Medical Research Centre, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah 22254, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sanaa Almowallad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47512, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Rehab Al-Massabi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47512, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Salma Saddeek
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafr Al Batin 39524, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Kalamegam Gauthaman
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 600077, India;
- Pharmaceutical Division, Nibblen Life Sciences Private Limited, Chennai 600061, India
- RMD Specialties Hospital, RMD Academy for Health (A Unit of Pain and Palliative Care Trust), Chennai 600017, India
| | - Alexandre Prola
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1 rue Michel-Servet, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland;
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Abd Elhamid MA, Mandour AES, Ismail TA, Al-Zohairy AM, Almowallad S, Alqahtani LS, Osman A. Powerful Antioxidants and Cytotoxic Activities of the Methanol Extracts from Eight Soybean Cultivars. Molecules 2022; 27:2895. [PMID: 35566246 PMCID: PMC9104066 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the chemical composition and total phenolic (TPC) and total flavonoid contents (TFC) of eight soybean cultivars (Giza 21, Giza 22, Giza 35, Giza 111, Giza 82, Giza 83, Crawford, and Holliday) were estimated. Moreover, antioxidant activity and in vitro cytotoxic activities against HepG-2 and MCF-7 were evaluated. Giza 21, Giza 111, and Crawford cultivars recorded higher than 40% crude protein. The analysis revealed that TPC values in seed extracts ranged from 10.5 mg GAE/g extract in Giza 35 to 6.4 mg GAE/g extract in Giza 22. TFC varied from 1.20 mg QE/g extract in Giza 111 to 0.55 mg QE/g extract in Crawford. Giza 35 exhibited the highest content of genistein and daidzein and the highest free radical scavenging activity (61.833%). The results of the MTT assay demonstrated that the soybean methanolic extracts inhibited the proliferation of HepG-2 and MCF-7 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Giza 35 exhibited the highest cytotoxic activity. In conclusion, Giza 35 cultivar recorded the highest TPC and TFC values and antioxidant and cytotoxic activities. Therefore, this cultivar can be used as a source for the production of pharmaceutical and medicinal products rather than as a nutritional source of protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. Abd Elhamid
- Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt; (M.A.A.E.); (A.E.S.M.); (T.A.I.); (A.M.A.-Z.)
| | - Abd Elrahman S. Mandour
- Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt; (M.A.A.E.); (A.E.S.M.); (T.A.I.); (A.M.A.-Z.)
| | - Tarek A. Ismail
- Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt; (M.A.A.E.); (A.E.S.M.); (T.A.I.); (A.M.A.-Z.)
| | - Ahmed M. Al-Zohairy
- Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt; (M.A.A.E.); (A.E.S.M.); (T.A.I.); (A.M.A.-Z.)
| | - Sanaa Almowallad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Leena S. Alqahtani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 23445, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ali Osman
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
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Almowallad S, Huwait E, Al-Massabi R, Saddeek S, Gauthaman K, Prola A. Punicalagin Regulates Key Processes Associated with Atherosclerosis in THP-1 Cellular Model. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:E372. [PMID: 33171640 PMCID: PMC7695206 DOI: 10.3390/ph13110372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis may lead to cardiovascular diseases (CVD), which are the primary cause of death globally. In addition to conventional therapeutics for CVD, use of nutraceuticals that prevents cholesterol deposition, reduce existing plaques and hence anti-atherosclerotic effects of nutraceuticals appeared to be promising. As such, in the present study we evaluated the beneficial effects of punicalagin, a phytochemical against an atherosclerotic cell model in vitro. Cytotoxicity assays were examined for 10 µM concentration of punicalagin on THP-1 macrophages. Real-time-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to analyze monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and Intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM-1) expressions. Monocyte migration and cholesterol efflux assays were performed to investigate punicalagin's further impact on the key steps of atherosclerosis. Cytotoxicity assays demonstrated no significant toxicity for punicalagin (10 µM) on THP-1 macrophages. Punicalagin inhibited the IFN-γ-induced overexpression of MCP-1 and ICAM-1 in macrophages by 10 fold and 3.49 fold, respectively, compared to the control. Punicalagin also reduced the MCP-1- mediated migration of monocytes by 28% compared to the control. Percentages of cellular cholesterol efflux were enhanced in presence or absence of IFN-γ by 88% and 84% compared to control with 58 %and 62%, respectively. Punicalagin possesses anti-inflammatory and anti-atherosclerotic effects. Punicalagin also did not exhibit any cytotoxicity and therefore can be considered a safe and potential candidate for the treatment and prevention of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaa Almowallad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (R.A.-M.); (S.S.)
- Cell Culture Unit, King Fahad Medical Research Centre, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Etimad Huwait
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (R.A.-M.); (S.S.)
- Cell Culture Unit, King Fahad Medical Research Centre, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rehab Al-Massabi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (R.A.-M.); (S.S.)
- Cell Culture Unit, King Fahad Medical Research Centre, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salma Saddeek
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (R.A.-M.); (S.S.)
- Cell Culture Unit, King Fahad Medical Research Centre, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafr Al Batin 31991, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kalamegam Gauthaman
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alexandre Prola
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1 rue Michel-Servet, CH-1211, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland;
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