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Alsharbaty MHM, Naji GA, Ali SS. Exploring the potential of a newly developed pectin-chitosan polyelectrolyte composite on the surface of commercially pure titanium for dental implants. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22203. [PMID: 38097618 PMCID: PMC10721624 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48863-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Pectin and chitosan are natural polysaccharides obtained from fruit peels and exoskeletons of crustaceans and insects. They are safe for usage in food products and are renewable and biocompatible. They have further applications as wound dressings, body fat reduction, tissue engineering, and auxiliary agents in drug delivery systems. The healing process is usually long and painful. Adding a new material such as a pectin-chitosan composite to the implant surface or body would create unique biological responses to accelerate healing and delivery of target-specific medication at the implant site. The present study utilized the electrospraying process to create pectin-chitosan polyelectrolyte composite (PCPC) coatings with various ratios of 1:1, 2:1, 1:2, 1:3, and 3:1 on commercially pure titanium substrates. By means of FESEM, AFM, wettability, cross-cut adhesion, and microhardness were assessed the PCPC coatings' physical and mechanical properties. Subsequently, the antibacterial properties of the coating composite were assessed. AFM analysis revealed higher surface roughness for group 5 and homogenous coating for group 1. Group 3 showed the lowest water contact angle of 66.7° and all PCPC coatings had significantly higher Vickers hardness values compared to the control uncoated CpTi samples. Groups 3 and 4 showed the best adhesion of the PCPC to the titanium substrates. Groups 3, 4, and 5 showed antibacterial properties with a high zone of inhibitions compared to the control. The PCPC coating's characteristics can be significantly impacted by using certain pectin-chitosan ratios. Groups 3 (1:2) and 4 (1:3) showed remarkable morphological and mechanical properties with better surface roughness, greater surface strength, improved hydrophilicity, improved adhesion to the substrate surface, and additionally demonstrated significant antibacterial properties. According to the accomplished in vitro study outcomes, these particular PCPC ratios can be considered as an efficient coating for titanium dental implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Husssein M Alsharbaty
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.
- Branch of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Al-Ameed, Karbala, Iraq.
| | - Ghassan A Naji
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
- College of Dentistry, The Iraqia University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Sameh S Ali
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Biofuels Institute, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt.
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Korowash SI, Sharifulden NSN, Ibrahim DM, Chau DY. Novel selenium and/or copper substituted hydroxyapatite-gelatin-chitosan-eggshell membrane nanocomposite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications. J Appl Biomater Funct Mater 2023; 21:22808000231187959. [PMID: 37776108 DOI: 10.1177/22808000231187959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Limitations with the majority of bone therapeutic treatments include low availability, ethical constraints and low biological compatibility. Although a number of choice materials have been exploited successfully, there has always been scope for improvement as well as development of the next-generation of materials. Herein, scaffolds - developed from gelatin, chitosan and eggshell membranes - were crosslinked using tannic acid, and further infused with selenium and/or copper substituted hydroxyapatite nanoparticles to generate a novel nanocomposite substrate. FESEM images of the nanocomposite scaffolds revealed the presence of interconnected pores, mostly spread over the whole surface of the scaffold, alongside XRD and FTIR profiling that detailed the formation of hydroxyapatite as a sole phase. Moreover, physical characterisation of the nanocomposite confirmed that the hydroxyapatite particulates and the eggshell membrane fibres were uniformly distributed and contributed to the surface roughness of the scaffold. Biocompatibility and cytotoxicity of the novel constructs were assessed using the mouse-derived osteoblastic cell line, MC3T3-E1, and standard cell culture assays. Metabolic activity assessment (i.e. MTS assay), LDH-release profiles and Live/Dead staining demonstrated good cell adhesion, viability, and proliferation rates. Accordingly, this work summarises the successful development of a novel construct which may be exploited as a clinical/therapeutic treatment for bone repair as well as a possible translational application as a novel biomaterial for the drug development pipeline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ibrahim Korowash
- Department of Ceramics, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Eastman Dental Institute, UCL, London, UK
| | - Nik Sa Nik Sharifulden
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Eastman Dental Institute, UCL, London, UK
| | | | - David Ys Chau
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Eastman Dental Institute, UCL, London, UK
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Sethi S, Medha, Kaith BS. A review on chitosan-gelatin nanocomposites: Synthesis, characterization and biomedical applications. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2022.105362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Viscoelasticity, Mechanical Properties, and In Vitro Bioactivity of Gelatin/Borosilicate Bioactive Glass Nanocomposite Hydrogels as Potential Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13122014. [PMID: 34203052 PMCID: PMC8235030 DOI: 10.3390/polym13122014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemical cross-linking was used to create nanocomposite hydrogels made up of gelatin (G) and borosilicate bioactive glass (BBG) with different content (0, 3, and 5 wt.%). The G/BBG nanocomposite hydrogels were studied for their morphology, mechanical properties, and viscoelasticity. SEM images revealed a macroporous interconnected structure with particles scattered across the pore walls. Studies of water absorption and degradation confirmed that the nanocomposite scaffolds were hydrophilic and biodegradable. The addition of 5% BBG to the scaffold formulations increased the compressive modulus by 413% and the compressive intensity by 20%, respectively. At all frequency ranges tested, the storage modulus (G′) was greater than the loss modulus (G″), revealing a self-standing elastic nanocomposite hydrogel. The nanocomposite scaffolds facilitated apatite formation while immersed in simulated body fluid (SBF). According to the findings, G/BBG nanocomposite scaffolds could be a promising biomaterial for bone regeneration.
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Vagropoulou G, Trentsiou M, Georgopoulou A, Papachristou E, Prymak O, Kritis A, Epple M, Chatzinikolaidou M, Bakopoulou A, Koidis P. Hybrid chitosan/gelatin/nanohydroxyapatite scaffolds promote odontogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells and in vitro biomineralization. Dent Mater 2020; 37:e23-e36. [PMID: 33208264 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2020.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hybrid chitosan/gelatin/nanohydroxyapatite (CS/Gel/nHA) scaffolds have attracted considerable interest in tissue engineering (TE) of mineralized tissues. The present study aimed to investigate the potential of CS/Gel/nHA scaffolds loaded with dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) to induce odontogenic differentiation and in vitro biomineralization. METHODS CS/Gel/nHA scaffolds were synthesized by freeze-drying, seeded with DPSCs, and characterized with flow cytometry. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), live/dead staining, and MTT assays were used to evaluate cell morphology and viability; real-time PCR for odontogenesis-related gene expression analysis; SEM-EDS (Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy), and X-ray Diffraction analysis (XRD) for structural and chemical characterization of the mineralized constructs, respectively. RESULTS CS/Gel/nHA scaffolds supported viability and proliferation of DPSCs over 14 days in culture. Gene expression patterns indicated pronounced odontogenic shift of DPSCs, evidenced by upregulation of DSPP, BMP-2, ALP, and the transcription factors RunX2 and Osterix. SEM-EDS showed the production of a nanocrystalline mineralized matrix inside the cell-based and - to a lesser extent - the cell-free constructs, with a time-dependent production of net-like nanocrystals (appr. 25-30nm in diameter). XRD analysis gave the crystallite size (D=50nm) but could not distinguish between the initially incorporated and the biologically produced nHA. SIGNIFICANCE This is the first study validating the potential of CS/Gel/nHA scaffolds to support viability and proliferation of DPSCs, and to provide a biomimetic microenvironment favoring odontogenic differentiation and in vitro biomineralization without the addition of any inductive factors, including dexamethasone and/or growth/morphogenetic factors. These results reveal a promising strategy towards TE of mineralized dental tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Vagropoulou
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (A.U.Th), Greece
| | - Maria Trentsiou
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (A.U.Th), Greece
| | | | - Eleni Papachristou
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (A.U.Th), Greece
| | - Oleg Prymak
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Aristeidis Kritis
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (A.U.Th), Greece
| | - Matthias Epple
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Maria Chatzinikolaidou
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, Greece; Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas-Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser FORTH-IESL, Heraklion, Greece.
| | - Athina Bakopoulou
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (A.U.Th), Greece.
| | - Petros Koidis
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (A.U.Th), Greece.
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Zia I, Jolly R, Mirza S, Umar MS, Owais M, Shakir M. Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles Fortified Xanthan Gum-Chitosan Based Polyelectrolyte Complex Scaffolds for Supporting the Osteo-Friendly Environment. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:7133-7146. [PMID: 35019373 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticle-reinforced polymer-based scaffolding matrices as artificial bone-implant materials are potential suitors for bone regenerative medicine as they simulate the native bone. In the present work, a series of bioinspired, osteoconductive tricomposite scaffolds made up of nano-hydroxyapatite (NHA) embedded xanthan gum-chitosan (XAN-CHI) polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) are explored for their bone-regeneration potential. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy studies confirmed complex formation between XAN and CHI and showed strong interactions between the NHA and PEC matrix. The X-ray diffraction studies indicated regulation of the nanocomposite (NC) scaffold crystallinity by the physical cues of the PEC matrix. Further results exhibited that the XAN-CHI/NHA5 scaffold, with a 50/50 (polymer/NHA) ratio, has optimized porous structure, appropriate compressive properties, and sufficient swelling ability with slower degradation rates, which are far better than those of CHI/NHA and other XAN-CHI/NHA NC scaffolds. The simulated body fluid studies showed XAN-CHI/NHA5 generated apatite-like surface structures of a Ca/P ratio ∼1.66. Also, the in vitro cell-material interaction studies with MG-63 cells revealed that relative to the CHI/NHA NC scaffold, the cellular viability, attachment, and proliferation were better on XAN-CHI/NHA scaffold surfaces, with XAN-CHI/NHA5 specimens exhibiting an effective increment in cell spreading capacity compared to XAN-CHI/NHA4 and XAN-CHI/NHA6 specimens. The presence of an osteo-friendly environment is also indicated by enhanced alkaline phosphatase expression and protein adsorption ability. The higher expression of extracellular matrix proteins, such as osteocalcin and osteopontin, finally validated the induction of differentiation of MG-63 cells by tricomposite scaffolds. In summary, this study demonstrates that the formation of PEC between XAN and CHI and incorporation of NHA in XAN-CHI PEC developed tricomposite scaffolds with robust potential for use in bone regeneration applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iram Zia
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Reshma Jolly
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Sumbul Mirza
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Mohd Saad Umar
- Molecular Immunology Group Lab, Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Mohammad Owais
- Molecular Immunology Group Lab, Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Mohammad Shakir
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
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Bonilla-Represa V, Abalos-Labruzzi C, Herrera-Martinez M, Guerrero-Pérez MO. Nanomaterials in Dentistry: State of the Art and Future Challenges. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1770. [PMID: 32906829 PMCID: PMC7557393 DOI: 10.3390/nano10091770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterials are commonly considered as those materials in which the shape and molecular composition at a nanometer scale can be controlled. Subsequently, they present extraordinary properties that are being useful for the development of new and improved applications in many fields, including medicine. In dentistry, several research efforts are being conducted, especially during the last decade, for the improvement of the properties of materials used in dentistry. The objective of the present article is to offer the audience a complete and comprehensive review of the main applications that have been developed in dentistry, by the use of these materials, during the last two decades. It was shown how these materials are improving the treatments in mainly all the important areas of dentistry, such as endodontics, periodontics, implants, tissue engineering and restorative dentistry. The scope of the present review is, subsequently, to revise the main applications regarding nano-shaped materials in dentistry, including nanorods, nanofibers, nanotubes, nanospheres/nanoparticles, and zeolites and other orders porous materials. The results of the bibliographic analysis show that the most explored nanomaterials in dentistry are graphene and carbon nanotubes, and their derivatives. A detailed analysis and a comparative study of their applications show that, although they are quite similar, graphene-based materials seem to be more promising for most of the applications of interest in dentistry. The bibliographic study also demonstrated the potential of zeolite-based materials, although the low number of studies on their applications shows that they have not been totally explored, as well as other porous nanomaterials that have found important applications in medicine, such as metal organic frameworks, have not been explored. Subsequently, it is expected that the research effort will concentrate on graphene and zeolite-based materials in the coming years. Thus, the present review paper presents a detailed bibliographic study, with more than 200 references, in order to briefly describe the main achievements that have been described in dentistry using nanomaterials, compare and analyze them in a critical way, with the aim of predicting the future challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Bonilla-Represa
- Departamento de Operatoria Dental y Endodoncia, Universidad de Sevilla, E-41009 Sevilla, Spain; (V.B.-R.); (M.H.-M.)
| | | | - Manuela Herrera-Martinez
- Departamento de Operatoria Dental y Endodoncia, Universidad de Sevilla, E-41009 Sevilla, Spain; (V.B.-R.); (M.H.-M.)
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Du Z, Zhao Z, Liu H, Liu X, Zhang X, Huang Y, Leng H, Cai Q, Yang X. Macroporous scaffolds developed from CaSiO 3 nanofibers regulating bone regeneration via controlled calcination. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 113:111005. [PMID: 32487409 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Calcium silicate (CS) is envisioned as a good substrate for bone tissue engineering applications because it can provide bioactive ions like Ca2+ and Si4+ to promote bone regeneration. Calcination temperature is a critical factor in determining the crystallinity of CS ceramic, which subsequently influences its degradation and ion release behaviors. To investigate the effect of calcination temperature on the capacity of CS in inducing bone regeneration, CS nanofibers were fabricated via electrospinning of precursor sol-gel and subsequent sintering at 800 °C, 1000 °C or 1200 °C. As the calcination temperature was increased, the obtained CS nanofibers displayed higher crystallinity and slower degradation rate. The CS nanofibers calcined at 800 °C (800 m) would like to cause high pH (>9) in cell culture medium due to its rapid ion release rate, displaying adverse effect on cell viability. Among all the preparations, it was found the CS nanofibers calcined at 1000 °C (1000 m) demonstrated the strongest promotion effect on the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells. To facilitate in vivo implantation, the CS nanofibers were shaped into three-dimensional macroporous scaffolds and coated with gelatin to improve their mechanical stability. By implanting the scaffolds into rat calvarial defects, it was confirmed the scaffold made of CS nanofibers calcined at 1000 °C was able to enhance new bone formation more efficiently than the scaffolds made of CS nanofibers calcined at 800 °C or 1200 °C. To summarize, calcination temperature could be an effective and useful tool applied to produce CS bioceramic substrates with improved potential in enhancing osteogenesis by regulating their degradation and bioactive ion release behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyun Du
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Zhenda Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Huanhuan Liu
- Department of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, PR China
| | - Xue Liu
- Department of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, PR China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, PR China
| | - Yiqian Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Huijie Leng
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, PR China.
| | - Qing Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China.
| | - Xiaoping Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
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Shin JY, Jeong SJ, Lee WK. Fabrication of porous scaffold by ternary combination of chitosan, gelatin, and calcium phosphate for tissue engineering. J IND ENG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2019.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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Kandiah K, Duraisamy N, Ramasamy B. TiO
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/chondroitin‐4‐sulphate nanocomposite coating on Ti–6Al–4V for implants and prostheses applications. IET Nanobiotechnol 2017. [DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2017.0160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kavitha Kandiah
- Actinobacterial Research LaboratoryDepartment of MicrobiologyPeriyar UniversityPeriyar Palkalai NagarSalem 636 011Tamil NaduIndia
| | - Navaneethan Duraisamy
- Department of ChemistryPeriyar UniversityPeriyar Palkalai NagarSalem 636 011Tamil NaduIndia
| | - Balagurunathan Ramasamy
- Actinobacterial Research LaboratoryDepartment of MicrobiologyPeriyar UniversityPeriyar Palkalai NagarSalem 636 011Tamil NaduIndia
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Injectable nanohydroxyapatite-chitosan-gelatin micro-scaffolds induce regeneration of knee subchondral bone lesions. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16709. [PMID: 29196647 PMCID: PMC5711958 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17025-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Subchondral bone has been identified as an attractive target for KOA. To determine whether a minimally invasive micro-scaffolds could be used to induce regeneration of knee subchondral bone lesions, and to examine the protective effect of subchondral bone regeneration on upper cartilage, a ready-to-use injectable treatment with nanohydroxyapatite-chitosan-gelatin micro-scaffolds (HaCGMs) is proposed. Human-infrapatellar-fat-pad-derived adipose stem cells (IPFP-ASCs) were used as a cellular model to examine the osteo-inductivity and biocompatibility of HaCGMs, which were feasibly obtained with potency for multi-potential differentiations. Furthermore, a subchondral bone lesion model was developed to mimic the necrotic region removing performed by surgeons before sequestrectomy. HaCGMs were injected into the model to induce regeneration of subchondral bone. HaCGMs exhibited desirable swelling ratios, porosity, stiffness, and bioactivity and allowed cellular infiltration. Eight weeks after treatment, assessment via X-ray imaging, micro-CT imaging, and histological analysis revealed that rabbits treated with HaCGMs had better subchondral bone regeneration than those not treated. Interestingly, rabbits in the HaCGM treatment group also exhibited improved reservation of upper cartilage compared to those in other groups, as shown by safranin O-fast green staining. Present study provides an in-depth demonstration of injectable HaCGM-based regenerative therapy, which may provide an attractive alternative strategy for treating KOA.
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Arif M, Raja MA, Zeenat S, Chi Z, Liu C. Preparation and characterization of polyelectrolyte complex nanoparticles based on poly (malic acid), chitosan. A pH-dependent delivery system. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2016; 28:50-62. [PMID: 27691398 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2016.1242460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The main objective of this work was to develop polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) nanoparticles based on poly (malic acid), chitosan (PMLA/CS) as pH-dependent delivery systems. The results indicated that the PMLA/CS Nps were successfully prepared. The prepared PMLA/CS Nps showed spherical morphology with a mean diameter of 212.81 nm and negative surface charge of -24.60 mV, and revealing significant pH-sensitive properties as the mass ratio of PMLA to CS was 5:5. The prepared PMLA/CS Nps were characterized by FT-IR, TEM and DLS. The prepared PMLA/CS Nps remained stable over a temperature range of 4-53 °C. Doxorubicin (Dox) as a model drug was loaded on the nanoparticles through the physical adsorption method. The high drug loading efficiency (16.9%) and the sustained release patterns in acidic media were observed, and the release accelerated in alkaline solutions. MTT based cytotoxic analysis also depicted the non-toxic nature of PMLA/CS Nps, while Dox-PMLA/CS Nps showed dose-dependent cytotoxicity towards MDA-MB-231 cells. Hence, the nanoparticles could be potentially applied as pH sensitive drug vehicles for controlled release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Arif
- a College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China , Qingdao , P.R. China
| | - Mazhar Ali Raja
- a College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China , Qingdao , P.R. China
| | - Shah Zeenat
- a College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China , Qingdao , P.R. China
| | - Zhe Chi
- a College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China , Qingdao , P.R. China
| | - Chenguang Liu
- a College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China , Qingdao , P.R. China
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Sharma C, Dinda AK, Potdar PD, Chou CF, Mishra NC. Fabrication and characterization of novel nano-biocomposite scaffold of chitosan-gelatin-alginate-hydroxyapatite for bone tissue engineering. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 64:416-427. [PMID: 27127072 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.03.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Revised: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A novel nano-biocomposite scaffold was fabricated in bead form by applying simple foaming method, using a combination of natural polymers-chitosan, gelatin, alginate and a bioceramic-nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp). This approach of combining nHAp with natural polymers to fabricate the composite scaffold, can provide good mechanical strength and biological property mimicking natural bone. Environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) images of the nano-biocomposite scaffold revealed the presence of interconnected pores, mostly spread over the whole surface of the scaffold. The nHAp particulates have covered the surface of the composite matrix and made the surface of the scaffold rougher. The scaffold has a porosity of 82% with a mean pore size of 112±19.0μm. Swelling and degradation studies of the scaffold showed that the scaffold possesses excellent properties of hydrophilicity and biodegradability. Short term mechanical testing of the scaffold does not reveal any rupturing after agitation under physiological conditions, which is an indicative of good mechanical stability of the scaffold. In vitro cell culture studies by seeding osteoblast cells over the composite scaffold showed good cell viability, proliferation rate, adhesion and maintenance of osteoblastic phenotype as indicated by MTT assay, ESEM of cell-scaffold construct, histological staining and gene expression studies, respectively. Thus, it could be stated that the nano-biocomposite scaffold of chitosan-gelatin-alginate-nHAp has the paramount importance for applications in bone tissue-engineering in future regenerative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chhavi Sharma
- Department of Polymer and Process Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, India.
| | - Amit Kumar Dinda
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biology, Jaslok Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai 400 026, India.
| | - Pravin D Potdar
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India.
| | - Chia-Fu Chou
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
| | - Narayan Chandra Mishra
- Department of Polymer and Process Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, India.
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Ji J, Tong X, Huang X, Zhang J, Qin H, Hu Q. Patient-Derived Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells From Gingival Fibroblasts Composited With Defined Nanohydroxyapatite/Chitosan/Gelatin Porous Scaffolds as Potential Bone Graft Substitutes. Stem Cells Transl Med 2016; 5:95-105. [PMID: 26586776 PMCID: PMC4704877 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2015-0139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Human embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells have always been the cell source for bone tissue engineering. However, their limitations are obvious, including ethical concerns and/or a short lifespan. The use of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) could avoid these problems. Nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) is an important component of natural bone and bone tissue engineering scaffolds. However, its regulation on osteogenic differentiation with hiPSCs from human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs) is unknown. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the osteogenic differentiation of hiPSCs from patient-derived hGFs regulated by nHA/chitosan/gelatin (HCG) scaffolds with different nHA ratios, such as HCG-111 (1 wt/vol% nHA) and HCG-311 (3 wt/vol% nHA). First, hGFs were reprogrammed into hiPSCs, which have enhanced osteogenic differentiation capability. Second, HCG-111 and HCG-311 scaffolds were successfully synthesized. Finally, hiPSC/HCG complexes were cultured in vitro or subcutaneously transplanted into immunocompromised mice in vivo. The osteogenic differentiation effects of two types of HCG scaffolds on hiPSCs were assessed for up to 12 weeks. The results showed that HCG-311 increased osteogenic-related gene expression of hiPSCs in vitro proved by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and hiPSC/HCG-311 complexes formed much bone-like tissue in vivo, indicated by cone-beam computed tomography imaging, H&E staining, Masson staining, and RUNX-2, OCN immunohistochemistry staining. In conclusion, our study has shown that osteogenic differentiation of hiPSCs from hGFs was improved by HCG-311. The mechanism might be that the nHA addition stimulates osteogenic marker expression of hiPSCs from hGFs. Our work has provided an innovative autologous cell-based bone tissue engineering approach with soft tissues such as clinically abundant gingiva. SIGNIFICANCE The present study focused on patient-personalized bone tissue engineering. Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) were established from clinically easily derived human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs) and defined nanohydroxyapatite/chitosan/gelatin (HCG) scaffolds. hiPSCs derived from hGFs had better osteogenesis capability than that of hGFs. More interestingly, osteogenic differentiation of hiPSCs from hGFs was elevated significantly when composited with HCG-311 scaffolds in vitro and in vivo. The present study has uncovered the important role of different nHA ratios in HCG scaffolds in osteogenesis induction of hiPSCs derived from hGFs. This technique could serve as a potential innovative approach for bone tissue engineering, especially large bone regeneration clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ji
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China Nanjing Key Laboratory, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Tong
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofeng Huang
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Qin
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China Nanjing Key Laboratory, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingang Hu
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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Salazar-Noratto GE, Barry FP, Guldberg RE. Application of biomaterials to in vitro pluripotent stem cell disease modeling of the skeletal system. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:3482-3489. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tb02645h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Disease-specific pluripotent stem cells can be derived through genetic manipulation of embryonic stem cells or by reprogramming somatic cells (induced pluripotent stem cells).
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuliana E. Salazar-Noratto
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University
- Atlanta
- USA
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience
| | - Frank P. Barry
- Regenerative Medicine Institute
- National University of Ireland Galway
- Biosciences
- Dangan
- Ireland
| | - Robert E. Guldberg
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering
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Zhang L, Wang J, Ni C, Zhang Y, Shi G. Preparation of polyelectrolyte complex nanoparticles of chitosan and poly(2-acry1amido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid) for doxorubicin release. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2015; 58:724-9. [PMID: 26478364 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.09.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Revised: 08/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A new kind of polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) based on cationic chitosan (CS) and anionic poly(2-acry1amido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid) (PAMPS) was prepared using a polymer-monomer pair reaction system. Chitosan was mixed with 2-acry1amido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid) (AMPS) in an aqueous solution, followed by polymerization of AMPS. The complex was formed by electrostatic interaction of NH3(+) groups of CS and SO3(-) groups of AMPS, leading to a formation of complex nanoparticles of CS-PAMPS. A series of nanoparticles were obtained by changing the weight ratio of CS to AMPS, the structure and properties of nanoparticles were investigated. It was observed that the nanoparticles possessed spherical morphologies with average diameters from 255 nm to 390 nm varied with compositions of the nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were used as drug vehicles for doxorubicin, displaying relative high drug loading rate and encapsulation rate. The vitro release profiles revealed that the drug release could be controlled by adjusting pH of the release media. The nanoparticles demonstrated apparent advantages such as simple preparation process, free of organic solvents, size controllable, good biodegradability and biocompatibility, and they could be potentially used in drug controlled release field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jie Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Caihua Ni
- The Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Yanan Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Gang Shi
- The Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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Maji K, Dasgupta S, Kundu B, Bissoyi A. Development of gelatin-chitosan-hydroxyapatite based bioactive bone scaffold with controlled pore size and mechanical strength. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2015; 26:1190-209. [PMID: 26335156 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2015.1082809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Hydroxyapatite-chitosan/gelatin (HA:Chi:Gel) nanocomposite scaffold has potential to serve as a template matrix to regenerate extra cellular matrix of human bone. Scaffolds with varying composition of hydroxyapatite, chitosan, and gelatin were prepared using lyophilization technique where glutaraldehyde (GTA) acted as a cross-linking agent for biopolymers. First, phase pure hydroxyapatite-chitosan nanocrystals were in situ synthesized by coprecipitation method using a solution of 2% acetic acid dissolved chitosan and aqueous solution of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate [Ca(NO3)2,4H2O] and diammonium hydrogen phosphate [(NH4)2H PO4]. Keeping solid loading constant at 30 wt% and changing the composition of the original slurry of gelatin, HA-chitosan allowed control of the pore size, its distribution, and mechanical properties of the scaffolds. Microstructural investigation by scanning electron microscopy revealed the formation of a well interconnected porous scaffold with a pore size in the range of 35-150 μm. The HA granules were uniformly dispersed in the gelatin-chitosan network. An optimal composition in terms of pore size and mechanical properties was obtained from the scaffold with an HA:Chi:Gel ratio of 21:49:30. The composite scaffold having 70% porosity with pore size distribution of 35-150 μm exhibited a compressive strength of 3.3-3.5 MPa, which is within the range of that exhibited by cancellous bone. The bioactivity of the scaffold was evaluated after conducting mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) - materials interaction and MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay using MSCs. The scaffold found to be conducive to MSC's adhesion as evident from lamellipodia, filopodia extensions from cell cytoskeleton, proliferation, and differentiation up to 14 days of cell culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanchan Maji
- a Department of Ceramic Engineering , National Institute of Technology , Rourkela , India
| | - Sudip Dasgupta
- a Department of Ceramic Engineering , National Institute of Technology , Rourkela , India
| | - Biswanath Kundu
- b Bioceramics and Coating Division , Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute , Kolkata , India
| | - Akalabya Bissoyi
- c Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering , National Institute of Technology , Rourkela , India
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Ji J, Tong X, Huang X, Wang T, Lin Z, Cao Y, Zhang J, Dong L, Qin H, Hu Q. Sphere-shaped nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan/gelatin 3D porous scaffolds increase proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells from gingival fibroblasts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 10:045005. [PMID: 26154827 DOI: 10.1088/1748-6041/10/4/045005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxyapatite (HA) is an important component of human bone and bone tissue engineering scaffolds. A plethora of bone tissue engineering scaffolds have been synthesized so far, including nano-HA/chitosan/gelatin (nHA/CG) scaffolds; and for seeding cells, stem cells, especially induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), have been a promising cell source for bone tissue engineering recently. However, the influence of different HA nano-particle morphologies on the osteogenic differentiation of human iPSCs (hiPSCs) from human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs) is unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the osteogenic differentiation of hiPSCs from hGFs seeded on nHA/CG scaffolds with 2 shapes (rod and sphere) of nHA particles. Firstly, hGFs isolated from discarded normal gingival tissues were reprogrammed into hiPSCs. Secondly, hiPSCs were seeded on rod-like nHA/CG (rod-nHA/CG) and sphere-shaped nHA/CG (sphere-nHA/CG) scaffolds respectively and then cell/scaffold complexes were cultured in vitro. Scanning electron microscope, hematoxyline and eosin (HE) staining, Masson's staining, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction techniques were used to examine hiPSC morphology, proliferation, and differentiation on rod-nHA/CG and sphere-nHA/CG scaffolds. Finally, hiPSCs composited with 2 kinds of nHA/CG were transplanted in vivo in a subcutaneous implantation model for 12 weeks; pure scaffolds were also transplanted as a blank control. HE, Masson's, and immunohistochemistry staining were applied to detect new bone regeneration ability. The results showed that sphere-nHA/CG significantly increased hiPSCs from hGF proliferation and osteogenic differentiation in vitro. hiPSCs and sphere-nHA/CG composities generated large bone, whereas hiPSCs and rod-nHA/CG composities produced tiny bone in vivo. Moreover, pure scaffolds without cells almost produced no bone. In conclusion, our work provided a potential innovative bone tissue engineering approach using clinically discarded gingival tissues and sphere-nHA/CG scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ji
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, People's Republic of China. Nanjing Key Laboratory, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, People's Republic of China
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Chitosan–nanohydroxyapatite composites: Mechanical, thermal and bio-compatibility studies. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 73:170-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2014.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Revised: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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The polyion complex nano-prodrug of doxorubicin (DOX) with poly(lactic acid-co-malic acid)-block-polyethylene glycol: preparation and drug controlled release. Med Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-014-1206-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Kandiah K, Muthusamy P, Mohan S, Venkatachalam R. TiO2–graphene nanocomposites for enhanced osteocalcin induction. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2014; 38:252-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2014.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Revised: 01/11/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Wang J, Ni C, Zhang Y, Zhang M, Li W, Yao B, Zhang L. Preparation and pH controlled release of polyelectrolyte complex of poly(l-malic acid-co-d,l-lactic acid) and chitosan. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2014; 115:275-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Revised: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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