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Li G, Wu W, Lu L, Chen B, Chen S. Characterization of Pseudofusicoccum Species from Diseased Plantation-Grown Acacia mangium, Eucalyptus spp., and Pinus massoniana in Southern China. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12040574. [PMID: 37111460 PMCID: PMC10142214 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12040574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Fungi from Pseudofusicoccum (Phyllostictaceae, Botryosphaeriales) have been reported as pathogens, endophytes, or saprophytes from various woody plants in different countries. Recently, Botryosphaeriales isolates were obtained from the dead twigs of Acacia mangium, Eucalyptus spp., Pinus massoniana, and Cunninghamia lanceolata in Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, and Fujian Provinces in southern China. This study aimed to understand the diversity, distribution, and virulence of these Pseudofusicoccum species on these trees. A total of 126 Pseudofusicoccum isolates were obtained, and the incidences of Pseudofusicoccum (percentage of trees that yielded Pseudofusicoccum) on A. mangium, P. massoniana, Eucalyptus spp., and C. lanceolata were 21%, 2.6%, 0.5%, and 0%, respectively. Based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1), and β-tubulin (tub2) loci, 75% of the total isolates were identified as P. kimberleyense, and the remaining isolates were identified as P. violaceum. For P. kimberleyense, the majority of isolates (83%) were from A. mangium, and the rest were from P. massoniana (14%) and Eucalyptus spp. (3%). Similarly, the proportion of isolates of P. violaceum from A. mangium, P. massoniana, and Eucalyptus spp. were 84%, 13%, and 3%, respectively. Inoculation trials showed that the two species produced expected lesions on the tested seedlings of A. mangium, E. urophylla × E. grandis, and P. elliottii. This study provides fundamental information on Pseudofusicoccum associated with diseases in main plantations in southern China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqing Li
- Research Institute of Fast-Growing Trees (RIFT), Chinese Academy of Forestry (CAF), Zhanjiang 524022, China
| | - Wenxia Wu
- Research Institute of Fast-Growing Trees (RIFT), Chinese Academy of Forestry (CAF), Zhanjiang 524022, China
| | - Linqin Lu
- Research Institute of Fast-Growing Trees (RIFT), Chinese Academy of Forestry (CAF), Zhanjiang 524022, China
| | - Bingyin Chen
- Research Institute of Fast-Growing Trees (RIFT), Chinese Academy of Forestry (CAF), Zhanjiang 524022, China
| | - Shuaifei Chen
- Research Institute of Fast-Growing Trees (RIFT), Chinese Academy of Forestry (CAF), Zhanjiang 524022, China
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Anwer MA, Niwas R, Ranjan T, Mandal SS, Ansar M, Srivastava JN, Kumar J, Jain K, Kumari N, Bharti A. Molecular and Morphological Characterization of Exserohilum turcicum (Passerini) Leonard and Suggs Causing Northern Corn Leaf Blight of Maize in Bihar. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:403. [PMID: 36004928 PMCID: PMC9405478 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9080403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Maize is considered the third most important cereal crop in Asia after rice and wheat. Many diseases affect this crop due to the cultivation of various hybrids. This research aimed to characterize the causative agent of northern corn leaf blight disease in Bihar, India, caused by Exserohilum turcicum (Passerini) Leonard and Suggs. Leaf samples were collected from infected fields in five maize growing districts of Bihar in 2020-2022. A total of 45 fungal isolates from 135 samples were examined for cultural, morphological, and molecular characteristics and were identified as E. turcicum. The isolates were grouped into four groups based on colony color, i.e., olivaceous brown, blackish brown, whitish black, and grayish, and into two groups based on regular and irregular margins. The conidial shapes were observed to be elongated and spindle-shaped with protruding hilum, with conidial septa ranging from 2-12. Similarly, conidial length varied from 52.94 μm to 144.12 μm. β-tubulin gene sequences analysis made it possible to verify the identities of fungal strains and the phylogenetic relationships of all isolates, which were clustered in the same clade. The β-tubulin gene sequences of all the isolates showed a high level of similarity (100%) with reference isolates from GenBank accession numbers KU670342.1, KU670344.1, KU670343.1, KU670341.1, and KU670340.1. The findings of this study will serve as a baseline for future studies and will help to minimize yield losses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Arshad Anwer
- Department of Plant Pathology, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour 813210, Bhagalpur, India
| | - Ram Niwas
- Department of Plant Pathology, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour 813210, Bhagalpur, India
| | - Tushar Ranjan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour 813210, Bhagalpur, India
| | - Shyam Sundar Mandal
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour 813210, Bhagalpur, India
| | - Mohammad Ansar
- Department of Plant Pathology, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour 813210, Bhagalpur, India
| | | | - Jitesh Kumar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour 813210, Bhagalpur, India
| | - Khushbu Jain
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour 813210, Bhagalpur, India
| | - Neha Kumari
- Department of Plant Pathology, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour 813210, Bhagalpur, India
| | - Aditya Bharti
- Department of Plant Pathology, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour 813210, Bhagalpur, India
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Díaz GA, Zoffoli JP, Ferrada EE, Lolas M. Identification and Pathogenicity of Diplodia, Neofusicoccum, Cadophora, and Diaporthe Species Associated with Cordon Dieback in Kiwifruit cultivar Hayward in Central Chile. PLANT DISEASE 2021; 105:1308-1319. [PMID: 33074073 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-05-20-0988-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Dieback symptoms associated with fungal trunk pathogens cause significant economic losses for farmers of kiwifruit and other woody fruit trees worldwide. This study represents the first attempt to identify and characterize the fungal trunk pathogens associated with cordon dieback disease of kiwifruit in central Chile. Field surveys were conducted throughout the main kiwifruit-growing regions in central Chile to determine the incidence and characterize the fungal trunk pathogens associated with cordon dieback of kiwifruit cultivar Hayward through morphological, molecular, and pathogenicity studies. A total of 250 cordon samples were collected and isolations were performed on 2% acidified potato dextrose agar (APDA) plus antibiotics and Igepal. The incidence of kiwifruit cordon dieback ranged between 5% and 85% in all surveyed areas in central Chile. A total of 246 isolates were isolated and identified using culture and morphological features belonging to three fungal taxa: Diaporthaceae spp. (Diaporthe ambigua and D. australafricana; n = 133 isolates); Botryosphaeriaceae spp. (Diplodia seriata and Neofusicoccum parvum; n = 89 isolates); and Ploettnerulaceae spp. (Cadophora luteo-olivacea and C. malorum; n = 24 isolates). These were identified using phylogenetics studies of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) of the rDNA, part of the β-tubulin gene (tub2), and part of the translation elongation factor 1-α gene (tef1-α). Isolates of N. parvum and D. seriata were the most virulent, causing internal brown lesions and dieback symptoms in attached green shoots, attached lignified canes, and young inoculated kiwifruits. This report is the first to describe D. seriata and C. luteo-olivacea associated with kiwifruit cordon dieback in Chile. It presents the first description of N. parvum causing kiwifruit dieback worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo A Díaz
- Laboratorio de Patología Frutal, Departamento de Producción Agrícola, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad de Talca, Avenida Lircay S/N, Talca, Chile
| | - Juan Pablo Zoffoli
- Departamento de Fruticultura y Enología, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackena 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - Enrique E Ferrada
- Laboratorio de Fitopatología, Instituto de Producción y Sanidad Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Campus Isla Teja, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Mauricio Lolas
- Laboratorio de Patología Frutal, Departamento de Producción Agrícola, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad de Talca, Avenida Lircay S/N, Talca, Chile
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Li G, Slippers B, Wingfield MJ, Chen S. Variation in Botryosphaeriaceae from Eucalyptus plantations in YunNan Province in southwestern China across a climatic gradient. IMA Fungus 2020; 11:22. [PMID: 33117629 PMCID: PMC7560076 DOI: 10.1186/s43008-020-00043-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The Botryosphaeriaceae accommodates many important pathogens of woody plants, including Eucalyptus. Recently, Botryosphaeriaceae were isolated from diseased plant parts from surveys of Eucalyptus plantations in the YunNan Province, China. The aims of this study were to identify these Botryosphaeriaceae isolates and to evaluate their pathogenicity to Eucalyptus. A total of 166 isolates of Botryosphaeriaceae were obtained from six regions in the YunNan Province, of which 76 were from Eucalyptus urophylla × E. grandis hybrids, 49 from E. globulus trees, and 41 isolates were from other unknown Eucalyptus species or hybrids. Isolates were identified by comparing DNA sequences of the internal transcribed spacer ribosomal RNA locus (ITS), partial translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1), β-tubulin 2 (tub2) and DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit (rpb2) genes, and combined with their morphological characteristics. Eleven species were identified, including Botryosphaeria fusispora, B. wangensis, Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae, Neofusicoccum kwambonambiense, N. parvum, and six novel species described as B. puerensis, N. dianense, N. magniconidium, N. ningerense, N. parviconidium and N. yunnanense. The dominant species across the regions were N. yunnanense, N. parvum and B. wangensis, representing 31.3, 25.3 and 19.9% of the total isolates, respectively. Species diversity and composition changed across the different climatic zones, despite their relatively close geographic proximity and the fact that some of the species have a global distribution. All the Botryosphaeriaceae species were pathogenic to one-year-old plants of an E. urophylla × E. grandis clone and E. globulus seed-derived plants, but showed significant inter- and intra-species variation in aggressiveness amongst isolates. The study provides a foundation for monitoring and management of Botryosphaeriaceae through selection and breeding of Eucalyptus in the YunNan Province of southwestern China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding (SKLTGB), Chinese Academy of Forestry (CAF), Haidian District, Beijing, 100091 China.,Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0028 South Africa.,China Eucalypt Research Centre (CERC), Chinese Academy of Forestry (CAF), ZhanJiang, 524022 GuangDong Province China
| | - Bernard Slippers
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0028 South Africa
| | - Michael J Wingfield
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0028 South Africa
| | - Shuaifei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding (SKLTGB), Chinese Academy of Forestry (CAF), Haidian District, Beijing, 100091 China.,China Eucalypt Research Centre (CERC), Chinese Academy of Forestry (CAF), ZhanJiang, 524022 GuangDong Province China
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Senwanna C, Hongsanan S, Hyde KD, Cheewangkoon R, Konta S, Wang Y. First Report of the Sexual Morph of Pseudofusicoccum adansoniae Pavlic, T.I.Burgess & M.J.Wingf. on Para Rubber. CRYPTOGAMIE MYCOL 2020. [DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-mycologie2020v41a7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chanokned Senwanna
- Department of Plant Pathology, Agriculture College, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025 Guizhou (China) and Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200 (Thailand)
| | - Sinang Hongsanan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060 (China)
| | - Kevin D. Hyde
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100 (Thailand) and Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan (Chi
| | - Ratchadawan Cheewangkoon
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200 (Thailand)
| | - Sirinapa Konta
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100 (Thailand)
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Agriculture College, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025 Guizhou (China)
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Botryosphaeriaceae from Eucalyptus plantations and adjacent plants in China. Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi 2017; 40:63-95. [PMID: 30504996 PMCID: PMC6146638 DOI: 10.3767/persoonia.2018.40.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The Botryosphaeriaceae is a species-rich family that includes pathogens of a wide variety of plants, including species of Eucalyptus. Recently, during disease surveys in China, diseased samples associated with species of Botryosphaeriaceae were collected from plantation Eucalyptus and other plants, including Cunninghamina lanceolata, Dimocarpus longan, Melastoma sanguineum and Phoenix hanceana, which were growing adjacent to Eucalyptus. In addition, few samples from Araucaria cunninghamii and Cedrus deodara in two gardens were also included in this study. Disease symptoms observed mainly included stem canker, shoot and twig blight. In this study, 105 isolates of Botryosphaeriaceae were collected from six provinces, of which 81 isolates were from Eucalyptus trees. These isolates were identified based on comparisons of the DNA sequences of the internal transcribed spacer regions and intervening 5.8S nrRNA gene (ITS), and partial translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1), β-tubulin (tub), DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit (rpb2) and calmodulin (cmdA) genes, the nuclear ribosomal large subunit (LSU) and the nuclear ribosomal small subunit (SSU), and combined with their morphological characteristics. Results showed that these isolates represent 12 species of Botryosphaeriaceae, including Botryosphaeria fusispora, Cophinforma atrovirens, Lasiodiplodia brasiliense, L. pseudotheobromae, L. theobromae and Neofusicoccum parvum, and six previously undescribed species of Botryosphaeria and Neofusicoccum, namely B. pseudoramosa sp. nov., B. qingyuanensis sp. nov., B. wangensis sp. nov., N. hongkongense sp. nov., N. microconidium sp. nov. and N. sinoeucalypti sp. nov. Aside from B. wangensis, C. atrovirens and N. hongkongense, the other nine Botryosphaeriaceae species were isolated from Eucalyptus trees in South China. Botryosphaeria fusispora (26 % of the isolates from Eucalyptus) is the dominant species, followed by L. pseudotheobromae (23 % of the isolates from Eucalyptus). In addition to species found on Eucalyptus trees, we also found B. pseudoramosa on M. sanguineum; B. wangensis on C. deodara; C. atrovirens on D. longan; L. theobromae on C. lanceolata, D. longan and P. hanceana; and N. hongkongense on A. cunninghamii. Pathogenicity tests showed that the 12 species of Botryosphaeriaceae are pathogenic to three Eucalyptus clones and that Lasiodiplodia species are the most aggressive. The results of our study suggest that many more species of the Botryosphaeriaceae remain to be discovered in China. This study also provides confirmation for the wide host range of Botryosphaeriaceae species on different plants.
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Marin-Felix Y, Groenewald J, Cai L, Chen Q, Marincowitz S, Barnes I, Bensch K, Braun U, Camporesi E, Damm U, de Beer Z, Dissanayake A, Edwards J, Giraldo A, Hernández-Restrepo M, Hyde K, Jayawardena R, Lombard L, Luangsa-ard J, McTaggart A, Rossman A, Sandoval-Denis M, Shen M, Shivas R, Tan Y, van der Linde E, Wingfield M, Wood A, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Crous P. Genera of phytopathogenic fungi: GOPHY 1. Stud Mycol 2017; 86:99-216. [PMID: 28663602 PMCID: PMC5486355 DOI: 10.1016/j.simyco.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Genera of Phytopathogenic Fungi (GOPHY) is introduced as a new series of publications in order to provide a stable platform for the taxonomy of phytopathogenic fungi. This first paper focuses on 21 genera of phytopathogenic fungi: Bipolaris, Boeremia, Calonectria, Ceratocystis, Cladosporium, Colletotrichum, Coniella, Curvularia, Monilinia, Neofabraea, Neofusicoccum, Pilidium, Pleiochaeta, Plenodomus, Protostegia, Pseudopyricularia, Puccinia, Saccharata, Thyrostroma, Venturia and Wilsonomyces. For each genus, a morphological description and information about its pathology, distribution, hosts and disease symptoms are provided. In addition, this information is linked to primary and secondary DNA barcodes of the presently accepted species, and relevant literature. Moreover, several novelties are introduced, i.e. new genera, species and combinations, and neo-, lecto- and epitypes designated to provide a stable taxonomy. This first paper includes one new genus, 26 new species, ten new combinations, and four typifications of older names.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. Marin-Felix
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - J.Z. Groenewald
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - L. Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China
| | - Q. Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China
| | - S. Marincowitz
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - I. Barnes
- Department of Genetics, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - K. Bensch
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Botanische Staatssammlung München, Menzinger Straße 67, D-80638 München, Germany
| | - U. Braun
- Martin-Luther-Universität, Institut für Biologie, Bereich Geobotanik und Botanischer Garten, Herbarium, Neuwerk 21, D-06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - E. Camporesi
- A.M.B. Gruppo Micologico Forlivese “Antonio Cicognani”, Via Roma 18, Forlì, Italy
- A.M.B. Circolo Micologico “Giovanni Carini”, C.P. 314, Brescia, Italy
- Società per gli Studi Naturalistici della Romagna, C.P. 144, Bagnacavallo (RA), Italy
| | - U. Damm
- Senckenberg Museum of Natural History Görlitz, PF 300 154, 02806 Görlitz, Germany
| | - Z.W. de Beer
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - A. Dissanayake
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, PR China
| | - J. Edwards
- AgriBio Centre for AgriBiosciences, Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport and Resources, 5 Ring Road, LaTrobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia
| | - A. Giraldo
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - M. Hernández-Restrepo
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - K.D. Hyde
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
| | - R.S. Jayawardena
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, PR China
| | - L. Lombard
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - J. Luangsa-ard
- Microbe Interaction and Ecology Laboratory, Biodiversity and Biotechnological Resource Research Unit (BBR), BIOTEC, NSTDA 113 Thailand Science Park Phahonyothin Rd., Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - A.R. McTaggart
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - A.Y. Rossman
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - M. Sandoval-Denis
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, Department of Plant Sciences, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
| | - M. Shen
- Institute of Microbiology, P.O. Box 61, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - R.G. Shivas
- Centre for Crop Health, Institute for Agriculture and the Environment, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba 4350, Queensland, Australia
| | - Y.P. Tan
- Department of Agriculture & Fisheries, Biosecurity Queensland, Ecosciences Precinct, Dutton Park, Queensland 4102, Australia
- Microbiology, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - E.J. van der Linde
- ARC – Plant Protection Research Institute, Biosystematics Division – Mycology, P. Bag X134, Queenswood 0121, South Africa
| | - M.J. Wingfield
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - A.R. Wood
- ARC – Plant Protection Research Institute, P. Bag X5017, Stellenbosch 7599, South Africa
| | - J.Q. Zhang
- Institute of Microbiology, P.O. Box 61, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Y. Zhang
- Institute of Microbiology, P.O. Box 61, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - P.W. Crous
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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Mehl JW, Slippers B, Roux J, Wingfield MJ. Botryosphaeriaceae associated withPterocarpus angolensis(kiaat) in South Africa. Mycologia 2017; 103:534-53. [DOI: 10.3852/10-003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James W.M. Mehl
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), Centre of Excellence in Tree Health Biotechnology (CTHB), Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, Pretoria 0028
| | - Bernard Slippers
- Department of Genetics, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), Centre of Excellence in Tree Health Biotechnology (CTHB), Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, Pretoria 0028
| | - Jolanda Roux
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), Centre of Excellence in Tree Health Biotechnology (CTHB), Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, Pretoria 0028
| | - Michael J. Wingfield
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), Centre of Excellence in Tree Health Biotechnology (CTHB), Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, Pretoria 0028
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Inderbitzin P, Bostock RM, Trouillas FP, Michailides TJ. A six locus phylogeny reveals high species diversity in Botryosphaeriaceae from California almond. Mycologia 2017; 102:1350-68. [DOI: 10.3852/10-006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrik Inderbitzin
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, and Kearney Agricultural Center, 9240 South Riverbend Avenue, Parlier, California 93648
| | | | - Florent P. Trouillas
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616
| | - Themis J. Michailides
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, and Kearney Agricultural Center, 9240 South Riverbend Avenue, Parlier, California 93648
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Úrbez-Torres JR, Castro-Medina F, Mohali SR, Gubler WD. Botryosphaeriaceae Species Associated With Cankers and Dieback Symptoms of Acacia mangium and Pinus caribaea var. hondurensis in Venezuela. PLANT DISEASE 2016; 100:2455-2464. [PMID: 30686180 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-05-16-0612-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Several species in the Botryosphaeriaceae family cause wood stain, cankers, and dieback of trunks and branches in a wide range of forest tree species. The aim of this study was to characterize the botryosphaeriaceous fungi associated with decline symptoms observed in Acacia mangium and Pinus caribaea var. hondurensis, two economically important forest tree species grown in commercial plantations in Venezuela. Fungi isolated from symptomatic samples collected from both hosts in commercial sites were identified based on their morphology and DNA sequences of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) and part of the β-tubulin and translation elongation factor 1-α genes. Lasiodiplodia theobromae and L. venezuelensis were routinely isolated from A. mangium and P. caribaea var. hondurensis. Additionally, the novel species Diplodia guayanensis was isolated and characterized from symptomatic and asymptomatic tissues of A. mangium. Multigene phylogenetic analyses along with restriction fragment length polymorphism studies further supported the identification of these species. A pathogenicity study was conducted under natural conditions and 12 weeks after inoculation all Botryosphaeriaceae spp. were shown to be highly virulent on A. mangium. Contrary, no lesions were observed in the wood of P. caribaea var. hondurensis when inoculated with L. theobromae and L. venezuelensis. However, both species were consistently reisolated from the asymptomatic tissue beyond the inoculation point. This study contributes to a better understand the role that species in the Botryosphaeriaceae play on disease symptoms and dieback of A. mangium and P. caribaea var. hondurensis from plantations in eastern Venezuela.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Úrbez-Torres
- Summerland Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Summerland, BC, V0H1Z0, Canada
| | - F Castro-Medina
- Centro Biotecnológico de Guayana, Universidad Nacional Experimental de Guayana, Venezuela, and Biotecnología de Microorganismos, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de los Andes, Mérida, Venezuela
| | - S R Mohali
- Centro de Estudios Forestales y Ambientales de Postgrado (CEFAP), Facultad de Ciencias Forestales y Ambientales, Universidad de los Andes, Mérida, Venezuela
| | - W D Gubler
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
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Wyka SA, Broders KD. The new family Septorioideaceae, within the Botryosphaeriales and Septorioides strobi as a new species associated with needle defoliation of Pinus strobus in the United States. Fungal Biol 2016; 120:1030-1040. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2016.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Revised: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Netto MSB, Lima WG, Correia KC, da Silva CFB, Thon M, Martins RB, Miller RNG, Michereff SJ, Câmara MPS. Analysis of phylogeny, distribution, and pathogenicity of Botryosphaeriaceae species associated with gummosis of Anacardium in Brazil, with a new species of Lasiodiplodia. Fungal Biol 2016; 121:437-451. [PMID: 28317544 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2016.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Netto, M. S. B., Lima, W. G., Correia, K. C., da Silva, C. F. B., Thon, M., Martins, R. B., Miller, R. N. G., Michereff, S. J., and Câmara, M. P. S. 2016. Analysis of phylogeny, distribution, and pathogenicity of Botryosphaeriaceae species associated with gummosis of Anacardium in Brazil, with a new species of Lasiodiplodia. We identified Botryosphaeriaceae species associated with gummosis on Anacardium in Brazil. Isolates were sampled and identified on the basis morphology and phylogeny, through analysis of a partial translation elongation factor 1-α sequence, ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacers, and β-tubulin gene sequence. Ten taxa were identified, namely, Lasiodiplodia brasiliense, L. euphorbicola, L. gonubiensis, L. iraniensis, L. jatrophicola, L. gravistriata sp. nov., L. pseudotheobromae, L. theobromae, Neofusicoccum batangarum, and Pseudofusicoccum stromaticum. Lasiodiplodia theobromae has been previously reported in cashew and is the most prevalent species observed. All the other species are reported here for the first time on this host. All species of Botryosphaeriaceae were pathogenic on detached green cashew shoots. Differences in aggressiveness were observed among the species, with N. batangarum, L. iraniensis, L. jatrophicola, and L. gravistriata characterized as the most aggressive species, whilst L. euphorbicola and L. pseudotheobromae were identified as the least aggressive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariote S B Netto
- Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, 52171-900 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Waléria G Lima
- Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, 52171-900 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Kamila C Correia
- Centro de Ciências Agrárias e da Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal do Cariri, 63133-610 Crato, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | - Michael Thon
- Centro Hispano Luso de Investigaciones Agrarias (CIALE), Universidad de Salamanca, 37185 Villamayor, Spain
| | - Ricardo B Martins
- Campus Arapiraca, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, 57309-005 Arapiraca, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Robert N G Miller
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade de Brasília, 70910-900 Brasília, D.F., Brazil
| | - Sami J Michereff
- Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, 52171-900 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Marcos P S Câmara
- Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, 52171-900 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
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Trakunyingcharoen T, Lombard L, Groenewald J, Cheewangkoon R, To-anun C, Crous P. Caulicolous Botryosphaeriales from Thailand. PERSOONIA 2015; 34:87-99. [PMID: 26240447 PMCID: PMC4510273 DOI: 10.3767/003158515x685841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Members of Botryosphaeriales are commonly encountered as endophytes or pathogens of various plant hosts. The Botryosphaeriaceae represents the predominant family within this order, containing numerous species associated with canker and dieback disease on a wide range of woody hosts. During the course of routine surveys from various plant hosts in Thailand, numerous isolates of Botryosphaeriaceae, including Aplosporellaceae were collected. Isolates were subsequently identified based on a combination of morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of a combined dataset of the ITS and EF1-α gene regions. The resulting phylogenetic tree revealed 11 well-supported clades, correlating with different members of Botryosphaeriales. Other than confirming the presence of taxa such as Lasiodiplodia theobromae, L. pseudotheobromae and Neofusicoccum parvum, new records for Thailand include Pseudofusicoccum adansoniae and P. ardesiacum. Furthermore, four novel species are described, namely Diplodia neojuniperi from Juniperus chinensis, Lasiodiplodia thailandica from Mangifera indica, Pseudofusicoccum artocarpi and Aplosporella artocarpi from Artocarpus heterophyllus, while a sexual morph is also newly reported for L. gonubiensis. Further research is presently underway to determine the pathogenicity and relative importance of these species on different woody hosts in Thailand.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Trakunyingcharoen
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - L. Lombard
- CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - J.Z. Groenewald
- CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - R. Cheewangkoon
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - C. To-anun
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - P.W. Crous
- CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
- Wageningen University and Research Centre (WUR), Laboratory of Phytopathology, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Chen S, Morgan DP, Hasey JK, Anderson K, Michailides TJ. Phylogeny, Morphology, Distribution, and Pathogenicity of Botryosphaeriaceae and Diaporthaceae from English Walnut in California. PLANT DISEASE 2014; 98:636-652. [PMID: 30708543 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-07-13-0706-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Species of family Botryosphaeriaceae and genus Diaporthe (anamorph: genus Phomopsis, family Diaporthaceae) were reported and caused diseases on various fruit and nut trees in California. In the last several years, diseases on English walnut (Juglans regia) caused by species of Botryosphaeriaceae and Diaporthe were observed frequently in California. Disease symptoms include stem canker; shoot canker and blight; twig, leaf, and fruit blight; and necrotic leaf lesions. Isolates of the pathogen were collected from English walnut in 13 counties in California. The aims of this study were to identify these isolates and to test their pathogenicity to English walnut cultivars. In total, 159 California isolates were identified based on comparisons of DNA sequence data of the internal transcribed spacer, translation elongation factor 1-α, and β-tubulin gene regions, and combined with the morphological features of the cultures and conidia. Research results revealed that isolates represent 10 species of Botryosphaeriaceae and two species of Diaporthe. These species include Botryosphaeria dothidea, Diplodia mutila, D. seriata, Dothiorella iberica, Lasiodiplodia citricola, Neofusicoccum mediterraneum, N. nonquaesitum, N. parvum, N. vitifusiforme, Neoscytalidium dimidiatum, Diaporthe neotheicola, and D. rhusicola. Pathogenicity on three English walnut cultivars ('Chandler', 'Tulare', and 'Vina') using a mycelium plug inoculation method revealed that all these species are pathogenic to all the tested cultivars, with L. citricola and N. parvum being the most pathogenic species, followed by N. mediterraneum, N. dimidiatum, and B. dothidea. Chandler was more tolerant to infection than Tulare and Vina. Results in this study determined that multiple numbers of the Botryosphaeriaceae fungi and two Diaporthe spp. cause cankers and blights of English walnut and vary in their virulence from highly to slightly virulent, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- ShuaiFei Chen
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California-Davis/Kearney Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Parlier 93648
| | - David P Morgan
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California-Davis/Kearney Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Parlier 93648
| | - Janine K Hasey
- University of California Cooperative Extension, Yuba/Sutter Co., Yuba City 95991
| | - Kathleen Anderson
- University of California Cooperative Extension, Stanislaus Co., Modesto 95358
| | - Themis J Michailides
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California-Davis/Kearney Agricultural Research and Extension Center
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Phillips A, Alves A, Abdollahzadeh J, Slippers B, Wingfield M, Groenewald J, Crous P. The Botryosphaeriaceae: genera and species known from culture. Stud Mycol 2013; 76:51-167. [PMID: 24302790 PMCID: PMC3825232 DOI: 10.3114/sim0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 326] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper we give an account of the genera and species in the Botryosphaeriaceae. We consider morphological characters alone as inadequate to define genera or identify species, given the confusion it has repeatedly introduced in the past, their variation during development, and inevitable overlap as representation grows. Thus it seems likely that all of the older taxa linked to the Botryosphaeriaceae, and for which cultures or DNA sequence data are not available, cannot be linked to the species in this family that are known from culture. Such older taxa will have to be disregarded for future use unless they are epitypified. We therefore focus this paper on the 17 genera that can now be recognised phylogenetically, which concentrates on the species that are presently known from culture. Included is a historical overview of the family, the morphological features that define the genera and species and detailed descriptions of the 17 genera and 110 species. Keys to the genera and species are also provided. Phylogenetic relationships of the genera are given in a multi-locus tree based on combined SSU, ITS, LSU, EF1-α and β-tubulin sequences. The morphological descriptions are supplemented by phylogenetic trees (ITS alone or ITS + EF1-α) for the species in each genus. TAXONOMIC NOVELTIES New species - Neofusicoccum batangarum Begoude, Jol. Roux & Slippers. New combinations - Botryosphaeria fabicerciana (S.F. Chen, D. Pavlic, M.J. Wingf. & X.D. Zhou) A.J.L. Phillips & A. Alves, Botryosphaeria ramosa (Pavlic, T.I. Burgess, M.J. Wingf.) A.J.L. Phillips & A. Alves, Cophinforma atrovirens (Mehl & Slippers) A. Alves & A.J.L. Phillips, Cophinforma mamane (D.E. Gardner) A.J.L. Phillips & A. Alves, Dothiorella pretoriensis (Jami, Gryzenh., Slippers & M.J. Wingf.) Abdollahz. & A.J.L. Phillips, Dothiorella thailandica (D.Q. Dai., J.K. Liu & K.D. Hyde) Abdollahz., A.J.L. Phillips & A. Alves, Dothiorella uruguayensis (C.A. Pérez, Blanchette, Slippers & M.J. Wingf.) Abdollahz. & A.J.L. Phillips, Lasiodiplodia lignicola (Ariyawansa, J.K. Liu & K.D. Hyde) A.J.L. Phillips, A. Alves & Abdollahz., Neoscytalidium hyalinum (C.K. Campb. & J.L. Mulder) A.J.L. Phillips, Groenewald & Crous, Sphaeropsis citrigena (A.J.L. Phillips, P.R. Johnst. & Pennycook) A.J.L. Phillips & A. Alves, Sphaeropsis eucalypticola (Doilom, J.K. Liu, & K.D. Hyde) A.J.L. Phillips, Sphaeropsis porosa (Van Niekerk & Crous) A.J.L. Phillips & A. Alves. Epitypification (basionym) - Sphaeria sapinea Fries. Neotypifications (basionyms) - Botryodiplodia theobromae Pat., Physalospora agaves Henn, Sphaeria atrovirens var. visci Alb. & Schwein.
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Affiliation(s)
- A.J.L. Phillips
- Centro de Recursos Microbiológicos, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - A. Alves
- Departamento de Biologia, CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - J. Abdollahzadeh
- Plant Protection Department, Agriculture Faculty, University of Kurdistan, P.O. Box 416, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - B. Slippers
- Department of Genetics, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002
| | - M.J. Wingfield
- Department of Genetics, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002
| | - J.Z. Groenewald
- CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - P.W. Crous
- CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Microbiology, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Wageningen University and Research Centre (WUR), Laboratory of Phytopathology, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Botryosphaeria, Neofusicoccum, Neoscytalidium and Pseudofusicoccum species associated with mango in Brazil. FUNGAL DIVERS 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s13225-013-0258-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Phongpaichit S, Nikom J, Rungjindamai N, Sakayaroj J, Hutadilok-Towatana N, Rukachaisirikul V, Kirtikara K. Biological activities of extracts from endophytic fungi isolated from Garcinia plants. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 51:517-25. [PMID: 17888010 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-695x.2007.00331.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Sixty-five crude extracts from 51 selected endophytic fungi isolated from Garcinia species were tested for various bioactivities. Eighty per cent of the fungal extracts from fermentation broths and mycelia displayed bioactivities: antimycobacterial (76.9%), antimalarial (14.1%), antiviral (16.7%), antioxidant (22.2%), antiproliferation (11.1% against NCI-H187 and 12.7% against KB cells), and cytotoxicity to Vero cells (40.0%). Based on internal transcribed spacer rRNA sequence analysis, 15 bioactive isolates were identified as Aspergillus, Botryosphaeria, Curvularia, Fusicoccum, Guignardia, Muscodor, Penicillium, Pestalotiopsis, and Phomopsis spp. One isolate (N24) was matched with an unidentified fungal endophyte. These results indicate that endophytic fungi isolated from Garcinia plants in Thailand are potential sources of various bioactive natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souwalak Phongpaichit
- Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand.
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Slippers B, Wingfield MJ. Botryosphaeriaceae as endophytes and latent pathogens of woody plants: diversity, ecology and impact. FUNGAL BIOL REV 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbr.2007.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 475] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Crous PW, Slippers B, Wingfield MJ, Rheeder J, Marasas WFO, Philips AJL, Alves A, Burgess T, Barber P, Groenewald JZ. Phylogenetic lineages in the Botryosphaeriaceae. Stud Mycol 2006; 55:235-53. [PMID: 18490983 PMCID: PMC2104729 DOI: 10.3114/sim.55.1.235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 365] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Botryosphaeria is a species-rich genus with a cosmopolitan distribution, commonly associated with dieback and cankers of woody plants. As many as 18 anamorph genera have been associated with Botryosphaeria, most of which have been reduced to synonymy under Diplodia (conidia mostly ovoid, pigmented, thick-walled), or Fusicoccum (conidia mostly fusoid, hyaline, thin-walled). However, there are numerous conidial anamorphs having morphological characteristics intermediate between Diplodia and Fusicoccum, and there are several records of species outside the Botryosphaeriaceae that have anamorphs apparently typical of Botryosphaeria s.str. Recent studies have also linked Botryosphaeria to species with pigmented, septate ascospores, and Dothiorella anamorphs, or Fusicoccum anamorphs with Dichomera synanamorphs. The aim of this study was to employ DNA sequence data of the 28S rDNA to resolve apparent lineages within the Botryosphaeriaceae. From these data, 12 clades are recognised. Two of these lineages clustered outside the Botryosphaeriaceae, namely Diplodia-like anamorphs occurring on maize, which are best accommodated in Stenocarpella (Diaporthales), as well as an unresolved clade including species of Camarosporium/Microdiplodia. We recognise 10 lineages within the Botryosphaeriaceae, including an unresolved clade (Diplodia/Lasiodiplodia/Tiarosporella), Botryosphaeria s.str. (Fusicoccum anamorphs), Macrophomina, Neoscytalidium gen. nov., Dothidotthia (Dothiorella anamorphs), Neofusicoccum gen. nov. (Botryosphaeria-like teleomorphs, Dichomera-like synanamorphs), Pseudofusicoccum gen. nov., Saccharata (Fusicoccum- and Diplodia-like synanamorphs), "Botryosphaeria" quercuum (Diplodia-like anamorph), and Guignardia (Phyllosticta anamorphs). Separate teleomorph and anamorph names are not provided for newly introduced genera, even where both morphs are known. The taxonomy of some clades and isolates (e.g. B. mamane) remains unresolved due to the absence of ex-type cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro W Crous
- Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures, Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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