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Kashyap BK, Singh VV, Solanki MK, Kumar A, Ruokolainen J, Kesari KK. Smart Nanomaterials in Cancer Theranostics: Challenges and Opportunities. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:14290-14320. [PMID: 37125102 PMCID: PMC10134471 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c07840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is ranked as the second leading cause of death globally. Traditional cancer therapies including chemotherapy are flawed, with off-target and on-target toxicities on the normal cells, requiring newer strategies to improve cell selective targeting. The application of nanomaterial has been extensively studied and explored as chemical biology tools in cancer theranostics. It shows greater applications toward stability, biocompatibility, and increased cell permeability, resulting in precise targeting, and mitigating the shortcomings of traditional cancer therapies. The nanoplatform offers an exciting opportunity to gain targeting strategies and multifunctionality. The advent of nanotechnology, in particular the development of smart nanomaterials, has transformed cancer diagnosis and treatment. The large surface area of nanoparticles is enough to encapsulate many molecules and the ability to functionalize with various biosubstrates such as DNA, RNA, aptamers, and antibodies, which helps in theranostic action. Comparatively, biologically derived nanomaterials perceive advantages over the nanomaterials produced by conventional methods in terms of economy, ease of production, and reduced toxicity. The present review summarizes various techniques in cancer theranostics and emphasizes the applications of smart nanomaterials (such as organic nanoparticles (NPs), inorganic NPs, and carbon-based NPs). We also critically discussed the advantages and challenges impeding their translation in cancer treatment and diagnostic applications. This review concludes that the use of smart nanomaterials could significantly improve cancer theranostics and will facilitate new dimensions for tumor detection and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brijendra Kumar Kashyap
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Institute of Engineering and Technology, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi 284128, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Virendra Vikram Singh
- Defence Research and Development Establishment, DRDO, Gwalior 474002, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Solanki
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Plant Cytogenetics and Molecular Biology Group, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
| | - Anil Kumar
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Cheri-Manatu, Karmre, Kanke 835222, Ranchi, India
| | - Janne Ruokolainen
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Kavindra Kumar Kesari
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Vikkinkaari 1, 00100 Helsinki, Finland
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Abstract
Melanoma is a relentless type of skin cancer which involves myriad signaling pathways which regulate many cellular processes. This makes melanoma difficult to treat, especially when identified late. At present, therapeutics include chemotherapy, surgical resection, biochemotherapy, immunotherapy, photodynamic and targeted approaches. These interventions are usually administered as either a single-drug or in combination, based on tumor location, stage, and patients' overall health condition. However, treatment efficacy generally decreases as patients develop treatment resistance. Genetic profiling of melanocytes and the discovery of novel molecular factors involved in the pathogenesis of melanoma have helped to identify new therapeutic targets. In this literature review, we examine several newly approved therapies, and briefly describe several therapies being assessed for melanoma. The goal is to provide a comprehensive overview of recent developments and to consider future directions in the field of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavan Kumar Dhanyamraju
- Department of Pediatrics and Pharmacology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
- Pavan Kumar Dhanyamraju, Department of Pediatrics and Pharmacology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA17033, USA. Tel: +1-6096474712, E-mail:
| | - Trupti N. Patel
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore Campus, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
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Belik AY, Rybkin AY, Goryachev NS, Sadkov AP, Filatova NV, Buyanovskaya AG, Talanova VN, Klemenkova ZS, Romanova VS, Koifman MO, Terentiev AA, Kotelnikov AI. Nanoparticles of water-soluble dyads based on amino acid fullerene C 60 derivatives and pyropheophorbide: Synthesis, photophysical properties, and photodynamic activity. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 260:119885. [PMID: 33993022 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.119885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis, spectral properties, and photodynamic activity of water-soluble amino acid fullerene C60 derivatives (AFD) and four original AFD-PPa dyads, obtained by covalent addition of dye pyropheophorbide (PPa) to AFD, were studied. In aqueous solution, these AFD-PPa dyads form nanoassociates as a result of self-assembly. In this case, a significant change in the absorption spectra and strong quenching of the dye fluorescence in the structure of the dyads were observed. A comparison of superoxide or singlet oxygen generation efficiency of the studied compounds in an aqueous solution showed the photodynamic mechanism switching from type II (singlet oxygen generation of the native dye) to I type (superoxide generation of dyads). All dyads have pronounced phototoxicity on cells Hela with IC50 9.2 µM, 9.2 µM, 12.2 µM for dyads Val-C60-PPa, Ala-C60-PPa and Pro-C60-PPa, respectively. Such facilitation of type I photodynamic mechanism could be perspective against hypoxic tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Yu Belik
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow Oblast 142432, Russia.
| | - A Yu Rybkin
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow Oblast 142432, Russia
| | - N S Goryachev
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow Oblast 142432, Russia; Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - A P Sadkov
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow Oblast 142432, Russia
| | - N V Filatova
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow Oblast 142432, Russia
| | - A G Buyanovskaya
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117813, Russia
| | - V N Talanova
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117813, Russia
| | - Z S Klemenkova
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117813, Russia
| | - V S Romanova
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117813, Russia
| | - M O Koifman
- Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology, Ivanovo 153000, Russia
| | - A A Terentiev
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow Oblast 142432, Russia; Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - A I Kotelnikov
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow Oblast 142432, Russia; Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
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Tokarska K, Lamch Ł, Piechota B, Żukowski K, Chudy M, Wilk KA, Brzózka Z. Co-delivery of IR-768 and daunorubicin using mPEG-b-PLGA micelles for synergistic enhancement of combination therapy of melanoma. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2020; 211:111981. [PMID: 32862088 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2020.111981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Malignant melanoma is an emerging problem worldwide due to the high degree of lethalness. Its aggressiveness and the ability to metastasize along with the heterogeneity at the molecular and cellular levels, limit the overall therapeutic efficacy. Despite significant advances in melanoma treatment over the last decade, there is still a need for improved therapeutic modalities. Thus, we demonstrate here a combinatorial approach that targets multiple independent therapeutic pathways, in which polymeric micelles (PMs) were used as efficacious colloidal nanocarriers loaded with both daunorubicin (DRB) as a cytotoxic drug and IR-768 as a photosensitizer. This afforded the dual drug loaded delivery system IR-768 + DRB in PMs. The fabricated mPEG-b-PLGA micelles (hydrodynamic diameters ≈ 25 nm) had a relatively narrow size distribution (PdI > ca. 0.3) with uniform spherical shapes. CLSM study showed that mPEG-b-PLGA micelles were uptaken by mitochondria, which further contributed to excellent singlet oxygen generation capacity for PDT in A375 melanoma cells. Furthermore, the PMs were efficiently internalized by tested cells through endocytosis, resulting in much higher cellular uptake comparing to the free drug. As a result of these properties, IR-768 + DRB in PMs exhibited very potent and synergistically enhanced anticancer activity against A375 cells. Additionally, this combination approach allowed to reduce drug doses and provided low side effects towards normal HaCaT. This study indicates excellent properties of mPEG-b-PLGA micelles resulting in great therapeutic potential possessed by the developed nanoscale drug delivery system for combined chemo-photodynamic therapy of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Tokarska
- Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, POLAND; Centre for Advanced Materials and Technologies CEZAMAT, Warsaw University of Technology, POLAND
| | - Łukasz Lamch
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, POLAND
| | - Beata Piechota
- Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, POLAND
| | - Kamil Żukowski
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Technologies CEZAMAT, Warsaw University of Technology, POLAND
| | - Michał Chudy
- Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, POLAND
| | - Kazimiera A Wilk
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, POLAND.
| | - Zbigniew Brzózka
- Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, POLAND.
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Yang M, Lu X, Tang L, Fu Y, Yang P. Thermosensitive nanocomposite gel loaded zinc phthalocyanine for photodynamic therapy. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-020-02253-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Hromic-Jahjefendic A, Lundstrom K. Viral Vector-Based Melanoma Gene Therapy. Biomedicines 2020; 8:E60. [PMID: 32187995 PMCID: PMC7148454 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8030060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene therapy applications of oncolytic viruses represent an attractive alternative for cancer treatment. A broad range of oncolytic viruses, including adenoviruses, adeno-associated viruses, alphaviruses, herpes simplex viruses, retroviruses, lentiviruses, rhabdoviruses, reoviruses, measles virus, Newcastle disease virus, picornaviruses and poxviruses, have been used in diverse preclinical and clinical studies for the treatment of various diseases, including colon, head-and-neck, prostate and breast cancer as well as squamous cell carcinoma and glioma. The majority of studies have focused on immunotherapy and several drugs based on viral vectors have been approved. However, gene therapy for malignant melanoma based on viral vectors has not been utilized to its full potential yet. This review represents a summary of the achievements of preclinical and clinical studies using viral vectors, with the focus on malignant melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Altijana Hromic-Jahjefendic
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, International University of Sarajevo, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina;
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Sorrin AJ, Ruhi MK, Ferlic NA, Karimnia V, Polacheck WJ, Celli JP, Huang HC, Rizvi I. Photodynamic Therapy and the Biophysics of the Tumor Microenvironment. Photochem Photobiol 2020; 96:232-259. [PMID: 31895481 PMCID: PMC7138751 DOI: 10.1111/php.13209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Targeting the tumor microenvironment (TME) provides opportunities to modulate tumor physiology, enhance the delivery of therapeutic agents, impact immune response and overcome resistance. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a photochemistry-based, nonthermal modality that produces reactive molecular species at the site of light activation and is in the clinic for nononcologic and oncologic applications. The unique mechanisms and exquisite spatiotemporal control inherent to PDT enable selective modulation or destruction of the TME and cancer cells. Mechanical stress plays an important role in tumor growth and survival, with increasing implications for therapy design and drug delivery, but remains understudied in the context of PDT and PDT-based combinations. This review describes pharmacoengineering and bioengineering approaches in PDT to target cellular and noncellular components of the TME, as well as molecular targets on tumor and tumor-associated cells. Particular emphasis is placed on the role of mechanical stress in the context of targeted PDT regimens, and combinations, for primary and metastatic tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron J. Sorrin
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Mustafa Kemal Ruhi
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Nathaniel A. Ferlic
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Vida Karimnia
- Department of Physics, College of Science and Mathematics, University of Massachusetts at Boston, Boston, MA, 02125, USA
| | - William J. Polacheck
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27599, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Jonathan P. Celli
- Department of Physics, College of Science and Mathematics, University of Massachusetts at Boston, Boston, MA, 02125, USA
| | - Huang-Chiao Huang
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Imran Rizvi
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27599, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
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Agazzi ML, Almodovar VAS, Gsponer NS, Bertolotti S, Tomé AC, Durantini EN. Diketopyrrolopyrrole–fullerene C60 architectures as highly efficient heavy atom-free photosensitizers: synthesis, photophysical properties and photodynamic activity. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:1449-1461. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ob02487e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
New diketopyrrolopyrrole–C60 architectures were synthesized as potential heavy atom-free photosensitizers in photodynamic inactivation of microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximiliano L. Agazzi
- IDAS-CONICET
- Departamento de Química
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas
- Físico-Químicas y Naturales
- Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto
| | | | - Natalia S. Gsponer
- IDAS-CONICET
- Departamento de Química
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas
- Físico-Químicas y Naturales
- Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto
| | - Sonia Bertolotti
- IDAS-CONICET
- Departamento de Química
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas
- Físico-Químicas y Naturales
- Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto
| | - Augusto C. Tomé
- LAQV-REQUIMTE
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Aveiro
- Aveiro
- Portugal
| | - Edgardo N. Durantini
- IDAS-CONICET
- Departamento de Química
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas
- Físico-Químicas y Naturales
- Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto
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Lu X, Zhu W, Chen T, Peng Q, Yu C, Yang M. Exploration of photophysical and photochemical properties of Zinc phthalocyanine-loaded SDC/TPGS mixed micelles. Chem Phys Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2019.136737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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10
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Grebinyk A, Prylutska S, Chepurna O, Grebinyk S, Prylutskyy Y, Ritter U, Ohulchanskyy TY, Matyshevska O, Dandekar T, Frohme M. Synergy of Chemo- and Photodynamic Therapies with C 60 Fullerene-Doxorubicin Nanocomplex. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 9:E1540. [PMID: 31671590 PMCID: PMC6915635 DOI: 10.3390/nano9111540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A nanosized drug complex was explored to improve the efficiency of cancer chemotherapy, complementing it with nanodelivery and photodynamic therapy. For this, nanomolar amounts of a non-covalent nanocomplex of Doxorubicin (Dox) with carbon nanoparticle C60 fullerene (C60) were applied in 1:1 and 2:1 molar ratio, exploiting C60 both as a drug-carrier and as a photosensitizer. The fluorescence microscopy analysis of human leukemic CCRF-CEM cells, in vitro cancer model, treated with nanocomplexes showed Dox's nuclear and C60's extranuclear localization. It gave an opportunity to realize a double hit strategy against cancer cells based on Dox's antiproliferative activity and C60's photoinduced pro-oxidant activity. When cells were treated with 2:1 C60-Dox and irradiated at 405 nm the high cytotoxicity of photo-irradiated C60-Dox enabled a nanomolar concentration of Dox and C60 to efficiently kill cancer cells in vitro. The high pro-oxidant and pro-apoptotic efficiency decreased IC50 16, 9 and 7 × 103-fold, if compared with the action of Dox, non-irradiated nanocomplex, and C60's photodynamic effect, correspondingly. Hereafter, a strong synergy of therapy arising from the combination of C60-mediated Dox delivery and C60 photoexcitation was revealed. Our data indicate that a combination of chemo- and photodynamic therapies with C60-Dox nanoformulation provides a promising synergetic approach for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Grebinyk
- Division Molecular Biotechnology and Functional Genomics, Technical University of Applied Sciences Wildau, Hochschulring 1, 15745 Wildau, Germany.
- Department of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Svitlana Prylutska
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska 64, 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine.
| | - Oksana Chepurna
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Sergii Grebinyk
- Division Molecular Biotechnology and Functional Genomics, Technical University of Applied Sciences Wildau, Hochschulring 1, 15745 Wildau, Germany.
| | - Yuriy Prylutskyy
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska 64, 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine.
| | - Uwe Ritter
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, University of Technology Ilmenau, Weimarer Straße 25 (Curiebau), 98693 Ilmenau, Germany.
| | - Tymish Y Ohulchanskyy
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Olga Matyshevska
- Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, Leontovicha Str. 9, 01030 Kyiv, Ukraine.
| | - Thomas Dandekar
- Department of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Marcus Frohme
- Division Molecular Biotechnology and Functional Genomics, Technical University of Applied Sciences Wildau, Hochschulring 1, 15745 Wildau, Germany.
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Yin H, Wang M, Tan LS, Chiang LY. Synthesis and Intramolecular Energy- and Electron-Transfer of 3D-Conformeric Tris(fluorenyl-[60]fullerenylfluorene) Derivatives. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24183337. [PMID: 31540264 PMCID: PMC6766839 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24183337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
New 3D conformers were synthesized to show a nanomolecular configuration with geometrically branched 2-diphenylaminofluorene (DPAF-C2M) chromophores using a symmetrical 1,3,5-triaminobenzene ring as the center core for the connection of three fused DPAF-C2M moieties. The design led to a class of cis-cup-tris[(DPAF-C2M)-C60(>DPAF-C9)] 3D conformers with three bisadduct-analogous <C60> cages per nanomolecule facing at the same side of the geometrical molecular cis-cup-shape structure. A sequential synthetic route was described to afford this 3D configurated conformer in a high yield with various spectroscopic characterizations. In principle, a nanostructure with a non-coplanar 3D configuration in design should minimize the direct contact or π-stacking of fluorene rings with each other during molecular packing to the formation of fullerosome array. It may also prevent the self-quenching effect of its photoexcited states in solids. Photophysical properties of this cis-cup-conformer were also investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Yin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA.
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA.
| | - Loon-Seng Tan
- Functional Materials Division, AFRL/RXA, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, OH 45433, USA.
| | - Long Y Chiang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA.
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BODIPYs in antitumoral and antimicrobial photodynamic therapy: An integrating review. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Agazzi ML, Durantini JE, Gsponer NS, Durantini AM, Bertolotti SG, Durantini EN. Light-Harvesting Antenna and Proton-Activated Photodynamic Effect of a Novel BODIPY-Fullerene C 60 Dyad as Potential Antimicrobial Agent. Chemphyschem 2019; 20:1110-1125. [PMID: 30969481 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201900181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A covalently linked BODIPY-fullerene C60 dyad (BDP-C60 ) was synthesized as a two-segment structure, which consists of a visible light-harvesting antenna attached to an energy or electron acceptor moiety. This structure was designed to improve the photodynamic action of fullerene C60 to inactivate bacteria. The absorption spectrum of BDP-C60 was found to be a superposition of the spectra of its constitutional moieties, whereas the fluorescence emission of the BODIPY unit was strongly quenched by the fullerene C60 . Spectroscopic, calculations, and redox studies indicate a competence between photoinduced energy and electron transfer. Protonating the dimethylaminophenyl substituent through addition of an acidic medium led to a substantial increase in the fluorescence emission, triplet excited state formation, and singlet molecular oxygen production. At physiological pH, photosensitized inactivation of Staphylococcus aureus mediated by 1 μM BDP-C60 exhibited a 4.5 log decrease of cell survival (>99.997 %) after 15 min irradiation. A similar result was obtained with Escherichia coli using 30 min irradiation. Moreover, proton-activated photodynamic action of BDP-C60 turned this dyad into a highly effective photosensitizer to eradicate E. coli. Therefore, BDP-C60 is an interesting photosensitizing structure in which the light-harvesting antenna effect of the BODIPY unit combined with the protonation of dimethylaminophenyl group can be used to improve the photoinactivation of bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximiliano L Agazzi
- IDAS-CONICET, Departamento de Química Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta Nacional 36 Km 601, X5804BYA, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Javier E Durantini
- IITEMA-CONICET, Departamento de Química Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta Nacional 36 Km 601, X5804BYA, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Natalia S Gsponer
- IDAS-CONICET, Departamento de Química Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta Nacional 36 Km 601, X5804BYA, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Andrés M Durantini
- IDAS-CONICET, Departamento de Química Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta Nacional 36 Km 601, X5804BYA, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Sonia G Bertolotti
- IITEMA-CONICET, Departamento de Química Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta Nacional 36 Km 601, X5804BYA, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Edgardo N Durantini
- IDAS-CONICET, Departamento de Química Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta Nacional 36 Km 601, X5804BYA, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
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Hamblin MR. Fullerenes as photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy: pros and cons. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2018; 17:1515-1533. [PMID: 30043032 PMCID: PMC6224300 DOI: 10.1039/c8pp00195b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
One class of carbon nanomaterials is the closed cages known as fullerenes. The first member to be discovered in 1985 was C60, called "buckminsterfullerene" as its cage structure resembled a geodesic dome. Due to their extended π-conjugation they absorb visible light, possess a high triplet yield and can generate reactive oxygen species upon illumination, suggesting a possible role of fullerenes in photodynamic therapy (PDT). Pristine C60 is highly hydrophobic and prone to aggregation, necessitating functionalization to provide aqueous solubility and biocompatibility. The most common functional groups attached are anionic (carboxylic or sulfonic acids) or cationic (various quaternary ammonium groups). Depending on the functionalization, these fullerenes can be designed to be taken up into cancer cells, or to bind to microbial cells (Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria, fungi). Fullerenes can be excited with a wide range of wavelengths, UVA, blue, green or white light. We have reported a series of functionalized fullerenes (C60, C70, C82) with attached polycationic chains and additional light-harvesting antennae that can be used in vitro and in animal models of localized infections. Advantages of fullerenes as photosensitizers are: (a) versatile functionalization; (b) light-harvesting antennae; (c) ability to undergo Type 1, 2, and 3 photochemistry; (d) electron transfer can lead to oxygen-independent photokilling; (e) antimicrobial activity can be potentiated by inorganic salts; (f) can self-assemble into supramolecular fullerosomes; (g) components of theranostic nanoparticles; (h) high resistance to photobleaching. Disadvantages include: (a) highly hydrophobic and prone to aggregation; (b) overall short wavelength absorption; (c) relatively high molecular weight; (d) paradoxically can be anti-oxidants; (e) lack of fluorescence emission for imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA. and Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA and Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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Li Q, Huang C, Liu L, Hu R, Qu J. Enhancing Type I Photochemistry in Photodynamic Therapy Under Near Infrared Light by Using Antennae-Fullerene Complexes. Cytometry A 2018; 93:997-1003. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.23596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering; Shenzhen University; Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Chun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering; Shenzhen University; Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Liwei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering; Shenzhen University; Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Rui Hu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering; Shenzhen University; Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Junle Qu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering; Shenzhen University; Shenzhen 518060 China
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Abstract
Melanoma represents the most aggressive and the deadliest form of skin cancer. Current therapeutic approaches include surgical resection, chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy, immunotherapy, biochemotherapy, and targeted therapy. The therapeutic strategy can include single agents or combined therapies, depending on the patient’s health, stage, and location of the tumor. The efficiency of these treatments can be decreased due to the development of diverse resistance mechanisms. New therapeutic targets have emerged from studies of the genetic profile of melanocytes and from the identification of molecular factors involved in the pathogenesis of the malignant transformation. In this review, we aim to survey therapies approved and under evaluation for melanoma treatment and relevant research on the molecular mechanisms underlying melanomagenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Domingues
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - José Manuel Lopes
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Pathology, Hospital S João, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula Soares
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Helena Pópulo
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Franskevych D, Palyvoda K, Petukhov D, Prylutska S, Grynyuk I, Schuetze C, Drobot L, Matyshevska O, Ritter U. Fullerene C 60 Penetration into Leukemic Cells and Its Photoinduced Cytotoxic Effects. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2017; 12:40. [PMID: 28091953 PMCID: PMC5236044 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-016-1819-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Fullerene C60 as a representative of carbon nanocompounds is suggested to be promising agent for application in photodynamic therapy due to its unique physicochemical properties. The goal of this study was to estimate the accumulation of fullerene C60 in leukemic cells and to investigate its phototoxic effect on parental and resistant to cisplatin leukemic cells. Stable homogeneous water colloid solution of pristine C60 with average 50-nm diameter of nanoparticles was used in experiments. Fluorescent labeled C60 was synthesized by covalent conjugation of C60 with rhodamine B isothiocyanate. The results of confocal microscopy showed that leukemic Jurkat cells could effectively uptake fullerene C60 from the medium. Light-emitting diode lamp (100 mW cm-2, λ = 420-700 nm) was used for excitation of accumulated C60. A time-dependent decrease of viability was detected when leukemic Jurkat cells were exposed to combined treatment with C60 and visible light. The cytotoxic effect of photoexcited C60 was comparable with that induced by H2O2, as both agents caused 50% decrease of cell viability at 24 h at concentrations about 50 μM. Using immunoblot analysis, protein phosphotyrosine levels in cells were estimated. Combined action of C60 and visible light was followed by decrease of cellular proteins phosphorylation on tyrosine residues though less intensive as compared with that induced by H2O2 or protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor staurosporine. All tested agents reduced phosphorylation of 55, 70, and 90 kDa proteins while total suppression of 26 kDa protein phosphorylation was specific only for photoexcited C60.The cytotoxic effect of C60 in combination with visible light irradiation was demonstrated also on leukemic L1210 cells both sensitive and resistant to cisplatin. It was shown that relative value of mitochondrial membrane potential measured with tetramethylrhodamine ethyl ester perchlorate (TMRE) probe was lower in resistant cells in comparison with sensitive cells and the drop of mitochondrial potential corresponded to further decrease of resistant cell viability after C60 photoexcitation. The data obtained allow to suggest that C60-mediated photodynamic treatment is a candidate for restoration of drug-resistant leukemic cell sensitivity to induction of mitochondrial way of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Franskevych
- National Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, 64/13 Volodymyrska Street, Kyiv, 01601 Ukraine
| | - K. Palyvoda
- National Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, 64/13 Volodymyrska Street, Kyiv, 01601 Ukraine
| | - D. Petukhov
- Palladin Institute of Biochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kyiv, 01030 Ukraine
| | - S. Prylutska
- National Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, 64/13 Volodymyrska Street, Kyiv, 01601 Ukraine
| | - I. Grynyuk
- National Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, 64/13 Volodymyrska Street, Kyiv, 01601 Ukraine
| | - C. Schuetze
- Ilmenau University of Technology, 29 Ehrenbergstrasse, Ilmenau, 98693 Germany
| | - L. Drobot
- Palladin Institute of Biochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kyiv, 01030 Ukraine
| | - O. Matyshevska
- National Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, 64/13 Volodymyrska Street, Kyiv, 01601 Ukraine
| | - U. Ritter
- Ilmenau University of Technology, 29 Ehrenbergstrasse, Ilmenau, 98693 Germany
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18
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Chen M, Liu B, Wang X, Fu Y, Hao J, Li H. Zero-charged catanionic lamellar liquid crystals doped with fullerene C 60 for potential applications in tribology. SOFT MATTER 2017; 13:6250-6258. [PMID: 28812090 DOI: 10.1039/c7sm00800g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The formation of lamellar liquid crystals (LLCs) has been demonstrated in a few salt-free catanionic surfactant systems and their properties have been well documented. However, examples of their combination with other materials are relatively rare. Herein, a salt-free zero-charged catanionic surfactant with low chain melting temperature was prepared by mixing equimolar tetradecyltrimethylammonium oxide (TTAOH) and oleic acid (OA) in water, and its concentration-dependent aggregate transition was investigated. In the dilute region (cTTAO ≤ 5 wt%), fluorescence microscopy observations revealed the formation of vesicles (the Lαv phase). Further increasing cTTAO induced a transition from the Lαv phase to LLCs via a region where vesicles and lamellae coexist. With ordered hydrophobic domains, the LLCs can be used as hosts for the doping of fullerene C60 (refers to C60 hereafter) with the highest C60/TTAO weight ratio of 0.04. The doping of C60 effectively improves the viscoelasticity of the LLCs confirmed by rheological characterization while only slight modifications on their matrixes have been detected using small angle X-ray scattering measurements. The LLC/C60 hybrids with cTTAO = 80 wt% were then subjected to tribological measurements, and an obvious reduction in their friction coefficients and wear volumes was observed. The C60/TTAO weight ratio at which the best tribological performance appears was determined to be 0.01. Our results indicate that the combination of C60 and catanionic LLCs could lead to the appearance of a new generation of environmentally-benign lubricants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry & Key Laboratory of Special Aggregated Materials, Shandong University, Ministry of education, Jinan, 250100, China.
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Li Q, Hong L, Li H, Liu C. Graphene oxide-fullerene C60 (GO-C60) hybrid for photodynamic and photothermal therapy triggered by near-infrared light. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 89:477-482. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.03.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Augustine S, Singh J, Srivastava M, Sharma M, Das A, Malhotra BD. Recent advances in carbon based nanosystems for cancer theranostics. Biomater Sci 2017; 5:901-952. [DOI: 10.1039/c7bm00008a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This review deals with four different types of carbon allotrope based nanosystems and summarizes the results of recent studies that are likely to have applications in cancer theranostics. We discuss the applications of these nanosystems for cancer imaging, drug delivery, hyperthermia, and PDT/TA/PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shine Augustine
- NanoBioelectronics Laboratory
- Department of Biotechnology
- Delhi Technological University
- Delhi 110042
- India
| | - Jay Singh
- Department of Applied Chemistry & Polymer Technology
- Delhi Technological University
- Delhi 110042
- India
| | - Manish Srivastava
- Department of Physics & Astrophysics
- University of Delhi
- Delhi 110007
- India
| | - Monica Sharma
- NanoBioelectronics Laboratory
- Department of Biotechnology
- Delhi Technological University
- Delhi 110042
- India
| | - Asmita Das
- NanoBioelectronics Laboratory
- Department of Biotechnology
- Delhi Technological University
- Delhi 110042
- India
| | - Bansi D. Malhotra
- NanoBioelectronics Laboratory
- Department of Biotechnology
- Delhi Technological University
- Delhi 110042
- India
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21
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Monge-Fuentes V, Muehlmann LA, Longo JPF, Silva JR, Fascineli ML, de Souza P, Faria F, Degterev IA, Rodriguez A, Carneiro FP, Lucci CM, Escobar P, Amorim RFB, Azevedo RB. Photodynamic therapy mediated by acai oil (Euterpe oleracea Martius) in nanoemulsion: A potential treatment for melanoma. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2016; 166:301-310. [PMID: 28024281 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Revised: 11/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma is the most aggressive and lethal form of skin cancer, responsible for >80% of deaths. Standard treatments for late-stage melanoma usually present poor results, leading to life-threatening side effects and low overall survival. Thus, it is necessary to rethink treatment strategies and design new tools for the treatment of this disease. On that ground, we hereby report the use of acai oil in nanoemulsion (NanoA) as a novel photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy (PDT) used to treat melanoma in in vitro and in vivo experimental models. NIH/3T3 normal cells and B16F10 melanoma cell lines were treated with PDT and presented 85% cell death for melanoma cells, while maintaining high viability in normal cells. Flow cytometry indicated that cell death occurred by late apoptosis/necrosis. Tumor bearing C57BL/6 mice treated five times with PDT using acai oil in nanoemulsion showed tumor volume reduction of 82% in comparison to control/tumor group. Necrotic tissue per tumor area reached its highest value in PDT-treated mice, supporting PDT efficacy. Overall, acai oil in nanoemulsion was an effective photosensitizer, representing a promising source of new photosensitizing molecules for PDT treatment of melanoma, a tumor with an inherent tendency to be refractory for this type of therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Monge-Fuentes
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Genetics and Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brazil
| | - Luis Alexandre Muehlmann
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Genetics and Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brazil
| | - João Paulo Figueiró Longo
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Genetics and Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Rodrigues Silva
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Genetics and Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brazil
| | - Maria Luiza Fascineli
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Genetics and Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brazil
| | - Paulo de Souza
- Laboratory of Applied Physics, Institute of Physics, University of Brasília, Brazil
| | - Fernando Faria
- Center for Biological Sciences and Nature, Federal University of Acre, Rio Branco, Brazil
| | | | - Anselmo Rodriguez
- Center for Biological Sciences and Nature, Federal University of Acre, Rio Branco, Brazil
| | | | - Carolina Madeira Lucci
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brazil
| | - Patricia Escobar
- Research Center for Tropical Diseases, Department of Science, Medical School, Industrial University of Santander, Colombia
| | | | - Ricardo Bentes Azevedo
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Genetics and Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brazil.
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22
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Tailoring the dendrimer core for efficient gene delivery. Acta Biomater 2016; 35:1-11. [PMID: 26923528 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Revised: 01/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Dendrimers have been widely used as non-viral gene vectors due to well-defined chemical structures, high density of cationic charges and ease of surface modification. Although a large number of studies have reported the important roles of dendrimer architecture, component, generation and surface functionality in gene delivery, the effect of dendrimer core on this issue still remains unclear. Recent literatures suggest that a slight alternation in dendrimer core has a profound effect in the transfection efficacy and biocompatibility. In this review, we will discuss the transfection mechanism of dendrimers with different types of cores in respect of flexibility, hydrophobicity and functionality. We hope to open a possibility of designing efficient dendrimers for gene delivery by choosing a proper dendrimer core. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE As a branch of researches on dendrimers and dendritic polymers, the design of biocompatible and high efficient polymeric gene carriers has attracted increasing attentions during these years. Although the effect of dendrimer generation, species, architecture and surface functionality on gene delivery have been widely reported, the effect of dendrimer core on this issue still remains unclear. Recent literatures suggest that a minor variation on the dendrimer core has a profound effect in the transfection efficacy and biocompatibility. This critical review summarized the dendrimers with different types of cores and discussed the transfection mechanism with particular focus on the flexibility, hydrophobicity, and functionality. It is hoped to provide a new insight to design efficient and safe dendrimer-based gene vectors by choosing a proper core. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first review on the effect of dendrimer core on gene delivery. The findings obtained in this filed are of central importance in the design of efficient polymeric gene vectors. This article will appeal a wide readership such as physical chemist, dendrimer chemist, biological chemist, pharmaceutical scientist, and biomaterial researchers. We hope that this review article can be published by Acta Biomaterialia, a top journal that publishes important reviews in the field of biomaterials science.
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Bubenchikov MA, Bubenchikov AM, Usenko OV, Tsyrenova VB, Budaev SO. Ability of Fullerene to Accumulate Hydrogen. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2016. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201611001077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Shi J, Chen Z, Wang B, Wang L, Lu T, Zhang Z. Reactive Oxygen Species-Manipulated Drug Release from a Smart Envelope-Type Mesoporous Titanium Nanovehicle for Tumor Sonodynamic-Chemotherapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:28554-65. [PMID: 26587885 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b09937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Despite advances in drug delivery systems (DDSs), the stimuli-responsive controlled release DDSs with high spatial/temporal resolution are still the best choice. Herein, a novel type of envelope-type mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticle (MTN) was developed for one-demand drug delivery platform. Docetaxel (DTX) was loaded in the pores of MTN with a high drug loading efficiency (∼26%). Then β-cyclodextrin (β-CD, a bulky gatekeeper) was attached to the outer surface of MTN via a reactive oxygen species (ROS) sensitive linker to block the pores (MTN@DTX-CD). MTN@DTX-CD could entrap the DTX in the pores and allow the rapid release until a focused ultrasound (US) emerged. A large number of ROS were generated by MTN under US radiation, leading to the cleavage of the ROS-sensitive linker; thus, DTX could be released rapidly since the gatekeepers (β-CD) were detached. Besides, the generation of ROS could also be used for tumor-specific sonodynamic therapy (SDT). Studies have shown the feasibility of MTN@DTX-CD for US-triggered DTX release and sonodynamic-chemotherapy. In the in vitro and in vivo studies, by integrating SDT and chemotherapy into one system, MTN@DTX-CD showed excellent antitumor efficacy. More importantly, this novel DDS significantly decreased the side effects of DTX by avoiding the spleen and hematologic toxicity to tumor-bearing mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjin Shi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450001, P.R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research, Safety Evaluation, Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450001, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoyang Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450001, P.R. China
| | - Binghua Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450001, P.R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450001, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450001, P.R. China
| | - Zhenzhong Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450001, P.R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research, Safety Evaluation, Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450001, P.R. China
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Song J, Qu J, Swihart MT, Prasad PN. Near-IR responsive nanostructures for nanobiophotonics: emerging impacts on nanomedicine. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2015; 12:771-788. [PMID: 26656629 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2015.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2015] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Nanobiophotonics is an emerging field at the intersection of nanoscience, photonics, and biotechnology. Harnessing interactions of light with nanostructures enables new types of bioimaging, sensing, and light-activated therapy which can make a major impact on nanomedicine. Low penetration through tissue limits the use of visible light in nanomedicine. Near infrared (NIR) light (~780-1100 nm) can penetrate significantly further, enabling free-space delivery into deep tissues. This review focuses on interactions of NIR light with nanostructures to produce three effects: direct photoactivation, photothermal effects, and photochemical effects. Applications of direct photoactivation include bioimaging and biosensing using NIR-emitting quantum dots, materials with localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) in the NIR, and upconverting nanoparticles. Two key nanomedicine applications using photothermal effects are photothermal therapy (PTT), and photoacoustic (PA) imaging. For photochemical effects, we present the latest advances in in-situ upconversion and upconverting nanostructures for NIR activation of photodynamic therapy (PDT). FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR Nanobiophotonics is a relatively new field applying light for the interactions with nanostructures, which can be used in bioimaging, sensing, and therapy. As near infrared (NIR) light (~780-1100 nm) can have better tissue penetration, its clinical potential is far greater. In this review, the authors discussed the latest research on the applications of NIR light in imaging and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Song
- College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Key Lab of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education/Guangdong Province, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Junle Qu
- College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Key Lab of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education/Guangdong Province, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Mark T Swihart
- Institute for Lasers, Photonics and Biophotonics, The University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA.
| | - Paras N Prasad
- Institute for Lasers, Photonics and Biophotonics, The University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA; Department of Chemistry, The University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA.
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Strategies to optimize photosensitizers for photodynamic inactivation of bacteria. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2015; 150:2-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2015.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Revised: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Hamblin MR, Chiang LY, Lakshmanan S, Huang YY, Garcia-Diaz M, Karimi M, de Souza Rastelli AN, Chandran R. Nanotechnology for photodynamic therapy: a perspective from the Laboratory of Dr. Michael R. Hamblin in the Wellman Center for Photomedicine at Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School. NANOTECHNOLOGY REVIEWS 2015; 4:359-372. [PMID: 26640747 PMCID: PMC4666539 DOI: 10.1515/ntrev-2015-0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The research interests of the Hamblin Laboratory are broadly centered on the use of different kinds of light to treat many different diseases. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) uses the combination of dyes with visible light to produce reactive oxygen species and kill bacteria, cancer cells and destroy unwanted tissue. Likewise, UV light is also good at killing especially pathogens. By contrast, red or near-infrared light can have the opposite effect, to act to preserve tissue from dying and can stimulate healing and regeneration. In all these applications, nanotechnology is having an ever-growing impact. In PDT, self-assembled nano-drug carriers (micelles, liposomes, etc.) play a great role in solubilizing the photosensitizers, metal nanoparticles can carry out plasmon resonance enhancement, and fullerenes can act as photosensitizers, themselves. In the realm of healing, single-walled carbon nanotubes can be electrofocused to produce nano-electonic biomedical devices, and nanomaterials will play a great role in restorative dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Long Y. Chiang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA, USA
| | - Shanmugamurthy Lakshmanan
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 40 Blossom Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ying-Ying Huang
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 40 Blossom Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Mahdi Karimi
- Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Rakkiyappan Chandran
- Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, University of North Carolina, Greensboro, NC, USA
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Yin R, Wang M, Huang YY, Landi G, Vecchio D, Chiang LY, Hamblin MR. Antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation with decacationic functionalized fullerenes: oxygen-independent photokilling in presence of azide and new mechanistic insights. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 79:14-27. [PMID: 25451642 PMCID: PMC4721583 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.10.514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Revised: 09/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Functionalized fullerenes are gaining wide interest for mediating photodynamic therapy (PDT) of diseases such as cancers and infections. We recently reported the synthesis of two new decacationic fullerene monoadducts: C60[>M(C3N6(+)C3)2]-(I(-))10(LC14) and its derivative with a light-harvesting antenna conjugated as a C60[>CPAF-(MN6(+)C3)2]-(I(-))10 nanostructure (LC15). We studied the ability of these compounds to mediate PDT of human cancer cells in vitro when excited by UVA light or by white light. Here we report the synthesis of a new fullerene derivative C60[>M(C3N6(+)C3)2][>M(C3N6C3)2]-(I(-))10 (LC16 derived from LC14), as a malonate bisadduct containing a covalently bound decatertiary amine arm. We investigated the relative abilities of the three compounds to generate singlet oxygen ((1)O2), hydroxyl radicals (HO·), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) after excitation by UVA or by white light. We used three different classes of pathogenic microbial cells (Gram-positive bacterium, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli, and fungal yeast Candida albicans). LC15 was the most powerful broad spectrum antimicrobial fullerenyl photosensitizer (FPS) followed by LC16, and LC14 was least powerful. Killing depended on both fullerene monoadduct concentration and light fluence. UVA was five times more effective than white light for killing, but not for generation of ROS and relative absorption was greater in white spectral region. Bacterial killing was not much inhibited by addition of azide anions and in some cases was potentiated. In the absence of oxygen, microbial photokilling was highly potentiated (up to 5 logs) by the addition of azide anions. We conclude that molecular functional addends that encourage a type I electron-transfer mechanism increase the ability of photoactivated fullerene monoadducts to kill microbial cells. Oxygen-independent photokilling is possible with fullerene monoadducts in the presence of azide anions, probably mediated by azidyl radicals. UVA excitation may kill bacteria partly by an electron-transfer mechanism directly into bacteria as well as by ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yin
- Department of Dermatology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA, USA
| | - Ying-Ying Huang
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pathology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Giacomo Landi
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Siena, Italy
| | - Daniela Vecchio
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Long Y Chiang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA, USA
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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Li Y, Niu J, Shang E, Crittenden JC. Synergistic photogeneration of reactive oxygen species by dissolved organic matter and C60 in aqueous phase. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:965-973. [PMID: 25536151 DOI: 10.1021/es505089e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the photogeneration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by C60 under UV irradiation, when humic acid (HA) or fulvic acid (FA) is present. When C60 and dissolved organic matter (DOM) were present as a mixture, singlet oxygen ((1)O2) generation concentrations were 1.2–1.5 times higher than the sum of (1)O2 concentrations that were produced when C60 and DOM were present in water by themselves. When C60 and HA were present as a mixture, superoxide radicals (O2(•–)) were 2.2–2.6 times more than when C60 and HA were present in water by themselves. A synergistic ROS photogeneration mechanism involved in energy and electron transfer between DOM and C60 was proposed. Enhanced (1)O2 generation in the mixtures was partly due to (3)DOM* energy transfer to O2. However, it was mostly due to (3)DOM* energy transfer to C60 producing (3)C60*. (3)C60* has a prolonged lifetime (>4 μs) in the mixture and provides sufficient time for energy transfer to O2, which produces (1)O2. The enhanced O2(•–) generation for HA/C60 mixture was because (3)C60* mediated electron transfer from photoionized HA to O2. This study demonstrates the importance of considering DOM when investigating ROS production by C60.
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Lamch L, Bazylińska U, Kulbacka J, Pietkiewicz J, Bieżuńska-Kusiak K, Wilk KA. Polymeric micelles for enhanced Photofrin II ® delivery, cytotoxicity and pro-apoptotic activity in human breast and ovarian cancer cells. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2014; 11:570-85. [PMID: 25449154 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2014.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2014] [Revised: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Searching for photodynamic therapy (PDT) - effective nanocarriers which enable a photosensitizer to be selectively delivered to tumor cells with enhanced bioavailability and diminished dark cytotoxicity is of current interest. The main objective of this study is to evaluate newly designed mixed polymeric micelles based on Pluronics P123 and F127 for the improved delivery of Photofrin II(®) (Ph II(®)) to circumvent unfavorable effects overcoming multidrug resistance (MDR) in tumor cells - in breast MCF-7/WT (caspase-3 deficient) and ovarian SKOV-3 (resistant to chemotherapy). METHODS Ph II(®)-loaded micelles were obtained and analyzed for size and morphology, solubilization efficiency, physical stability and in vitro drug release. Intracellular uptake, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, mitochondrial oxidoreductive potential and proapoptotic activity (TUNEL assay) studies were evaluated in the examined cancer cells. The preliminary biocompatibility characteristics of all nanocarriers was determined by assessment of their hemolytic activity in human erythrocytes and dark toxicity in cancer cells. RESULTS Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) confirmed that almost monodisperse, sphere-shaped and nanosized (DH<20 nm) carriers were developed. Biological studies after photodynamic reaction (PDR) with encapsulated Ph II(®) revealed increased ROS level, malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration and protein damage in SKOV-3 and MCF-7/WT cells in comparison to treatment with free Ph II(®). Numerous apoptotic cells were detected after nano-therapy in both cell lines, with observed significant morphological disorders in ovarian cancer cells. In the case of encapsulated Ph II(®) only negligible disruption of human erythrocytes and cancer cells was observed. CONCLUSIONS The obtained biocompatible long-lasting nanocarriers significantly enhance the Photofrin II(®) photodynamic effect and apoptosis in both SKOV-3 and MCF-7/WT cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukasz Lamch
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Urszula Bazylińska
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Julita Kulbacka
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University, Chałubińskiego 10, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Jadwiga Pietkiewicz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University, Chałubińskiego 10, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland
| | | | - Kazimiera A Wilk
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
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Huang HC, Hasan T. The " Nano" World in Photodynamic Therapy. AUSTIN JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE & NANOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 2:1020. [PMID: 34350362 PMCID: PMC8329842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) is an externally activated, photochemistry-based approach that generates cytotoxic reactive molecular species (RMS), which kill or modulate biological targets. PDT provides unique opportunities for applications of nanotechnology where light activation can trigger both direct RMS-mediated cytotoxic activity and the release of contents within the nanoconstructs (Figure 1). This process allows several species, working via different mechanisms and molecular targets to be activated or released in the right place and time, thus providing a distinctive approach to combination therapy. With advances in the development of miniaturized, even biodegradable, light sources and delivery systems, exciting possibilities of anatomical reach with PDT are being made possible. This brief article introduces aspects of interfaces of PDT and nanotechnology but, due to space constraints, makes no attempt to be a comprehensive review.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tayyaba Hasan
- Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, USA
- Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard-MIT, USA
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