1
|
Javaid H, Nouman M, Cheaha D, Kumarnsit E, Chatpun S. Complexity Measures Reveal Age-Dependent Changes in Electroencephalogram during Working Memory Task. Behav Brain Res 2024; 470:115070. [PMID: 38806100 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
The alterations in electroencephalogram (EEG) signals are the complex outputs of functional factors, such as normal physiological aging, pathological process which results in further cognitive decline. It is not clear that when brain aging initiates, but elderly people are vulnerable to be incipient of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. The EEG signals were recorded from 20 healthy middle age and 20 healthy elderly subjects while performing a working memory task. Higuchi's fractal dimension (HFD), Katz's fractal dimension (KFD), sample entropy and three Hjorth parameters were extracted to analyse the complexity of EEG signals. Four machine learning classifiers, multilayer perceptron (MLP), support vector machine (SVM), K-nearest neighbour (KNN), and logistic model tree (LMT) were employed to distinguish the EEG signals of middle age and elderly age groups. HFD, KFD and Hjorth complexity were found significantly correlated with age. MLP achieved the highest overall accuracy of 93.75%. For posterior region, the maximum accuracy of 92.50% was achieved using MLP. Since fractal dimension associated with the complexity of EEG signals, HFD, KFD and Hjorth complexity demonstrated the decreased complexity from middle age to elderly groups. The complexity features appear to be more appropriate indicators of monitoring EEG signal complexity in healthy aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamad Javaid
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
| | - Muhammad Nouman
- School of Prosthetics and Orthotics, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Dania Cheaha
- Biology program, Division of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand; Biosignal Research Centre for Health, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Ekkasit Kumarnsit
- Biosignal Research Centre for Health, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkla, 90112, Thailand; Physiology Program, Division of Health and Applied Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Surapong Chatpun
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand; Physiology Program, Division of Health and Applied Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Apa Z, Gilsoul J, Dideberg V, Collette F. Association between executive functions and COMT Val108/158Met polymorphism among healthy younger and older adults: A preliminary study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0303343. [PMID: 38739620 PMCID: PMC11090336 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0303343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Genetic variability in the dopaminergic system could contribute to age-related impairments in executive control. In this study, we examined whether genetic polymorphism for catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT Val158Met) is related to performance on updating, shifting and inhibition tasks. METHODS We administered a battery of executive tasks assessing updating, shifting and inhibition functions to 45 older and 55 younger healthy participants, and created composite z-scores associated to each function. Six groups were created based on genetic alleles (Val/Val, Val/Met, Met/Met) derived from the COMT gene and age (younger, older). Age and genotype effects were assessed with t-test and ANOVA (p<0.05). RESULTS A lower performance was observed in the older group for the three executive processes, and more particularly for inhibition. Moreover, older participants homozygous for the Val allele have a lower performance on the inhibition composite in comparison to younger Val/Val. CONCLUSIONS These results confirm presence of executive performance decrease in healthy aging. With regard to genetic effect, older participants seem particularly disadvantaged when they have a lower baseline dopamine level (i.e., Val/Val homozygous) that is magnified by aging, and when the executive measure emphasize the need of stable representations (as in inhibition task requiring to maintain active the instruction to not perform an automated process).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zoltan Apa
- GIGA-CRC In Vivo Imaging, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgique
- Psychology and Neuroscience of Cognition Research Unit, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgique
| | - Jessica Gilsoul
- GIGA-CRC In Vivo Imaging, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgique
- Psychology and Neuroscience of Cognition Research Unit, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgique
| | | | - Fabienne Collette
- GIGA-CRC In Vivo Imaging, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgique
- Psychology and Neuroscience of Cognition Research Unit, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgique
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Baciu M, Roger E. Finding the Words: How Does the Aging Brain Process Language? A Focused Review of Brain Connectivity and Compensatory Pathways. Top Cogn Sci 2024. [PMID: 38734967 DOI: 10.1111/tops.12736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
As people age, there is a natural decline in cognitive functioning and brain structure. However, the relationship between brain function and cognition in older adults is neither straightforward nor uniform. Instead, it is complex, influenced by multiple factors, and can vary considerably from one person to another. Reserve, compensation, and maintenance mechanisms may help explain why some older adults can maintain high levels of performance while others struggle. These mechanisms are often studied concerning memory and executive functions that are particularly sensitive to the effects of aging. However, language abilities can also be affected by age, with changes in production fluency. The impact of brain changes on language abilities needs to be further investigated to understand the dynamics and patterns of aging, especially successful aging. We previously modeled several compensatory profiles of language production and lexical access/retrieval in aging within the Lexical Access and Retrieval in Aging (LARA) model. In the present paper, we propose an extended version of the LARA model, called LARA-Connectivity (LARA-C), incorporating recent evidence on brain connectivity. Finally, we discuss factors that may influence the strategies implemented with aging. The LARA-C model can serve as a framework to understand individual performance and open avenues for possible personalized interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monica Baciu
- LPNC, Psychology Department, Grenoble Alps University
- Neurology Department, Grenoble Alps University Hospital
| | - Elise Roger
- LPNC, Psychology Department, Grenoble Alps University
- Communication and Aging Laboratory, Research Center of the University Institute of Geriatrics of Montreal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Leow LA, Jiang J, Bowers S, Zhang Y, Dux PE, Filmer HL. Intensity-dependent effects of tDCS on motor learning are related to dopamine. Brain Stimul 2024; 17:553-560. [PMID: 38604563 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2024.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-invasive brain stimulation techniques, such as transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), are popular methods for inducing neuroplastic changes to alter cognition and behaviour. One challenge for the field is to optimise stimulation protocols to maximise benefits. For this to happen, we need a better understanding of how stimulation modulates cortical functioning/behaviour. To date, there is increasing evidence for a dose-response relationship between tDCS and brain excitability, however how this relates to behaviour is not well understood. Even less is known about the neurochemical mechanisms which may drive the dose-response relationship between stimulation intensities and behaviour. Here, we examine the effect of three different tDCS stimulation intensities (1 mA, 2 mA, 4 mA anodal motor cortex tDCS) administered during the explicit learning of motor sequences. Further, to assess the role of dopamine in the dose-response relationship between tDCS intensities and behaviour, we examined how pharmacologically increasing dopamine availability, via 100 mg of levodopa, modulated the effect of stimulation on learning. In the absence of levodopa, we found that 4 mA tDCS improved and 1 mA tDCS impaired acquisition of motor sequences relative to sham stimulation. Conversely, levodopa reversed the beneficial effect of 4 mA tDCS. This effect of levodopa was no longer evident at the 48-h follow-up, consistent with previous work characterising the persistence of neuroplastic changes in the motor cortex resulting from combining levodopa with tDCS. These results provide the first direct evidence for a role of dopamine in the intensity-dependent effects of tDCS on behaviour.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ann Leow
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia; Edith Cowan University, St Lucia, Australia.
| | - Jiaqin Jiang
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Samantha Bowers
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Yuhan Zhang
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Paul E Dux
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Hannah L Filmer
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Karalija N, Papenberg G, Johansson J, Wåhlin A, Salami A, Andersson M, Axelsson J, Kuznetsov D, Riklund K, Lövdén M, Lindenberger U, Bäckman L, Nyberg L. Longitudinal support for the correlative triad among aging, dopamine D2-like receptor loss, and memory decline. Neurobiol Aging 2024; 136:125-132. [PMID: 38359585 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Dopamine decline is suggested to underlie aging-related cognitive decline, but longitudinal examinations of this link are currently missing. We analyzed 5-year longitudinal data for a sample of healthy, older adults (baseline: n = 181, age: 64-68 years; 5-year follow-up: n = 129) who underwent positron emission tomography with 11C-raclopride to assess dopamine D2-like receptor (DRD2) availability, magnetic resonance imaging to evaluate structural brain measures, and cognitive tests. Health, lifestyle, and genetic data were also collected. A data-driven approach (k-means cluster analysis) identified groups that differed maximally in DRD2 decline rates in age-sensitive brain regions. One group (n = 47) had DRD2 decline exclusively in the caudate and no cognitive decline. A second group (n = 72) had more wide-ranged DRD2 decline in putamen and nucleus accumbens and also in extrastriatal regions. The latter group showed significant 5-year working memory decline that correlated with putamen DRD2 decline, along with higher dementia and cardiovascular risk and a faster biological pace of aging. Taken together, for individuals with more extensive DRD2 decline, dopamine decline is associated with memory decline in aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nina Karalija
- Department of Medical and Translational Biology, Umeå University, Umeå S-90187, Sweden; Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå S-90187, Sweden.
| | - Goran Papenberg
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm University, Stockholm S-17165, Sweden
| | - Jarkko Johansson
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå S-90187, Sweden; Department of Diagnostics and Intervention, Diagnostic Radiology, Umeå University, Umeå S-90187, Sweden
| | - Anders Wåhlin
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå S-90187, Sweden; Department of Diagnostics and Intervention, Radiation Physics, Umeå University, Umeå S-90187, Sweden; Department of Applied Physics and Electronics, Umeå University, Umeå S-90187, Sweden
| | - Alireza Salami
- Department of Medical and Translational Biology, Umeå University, Umeå S-90187, Sweden; Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå S-90187, Sweden; Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm University, Stockholm S-17165, Sweden; Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Micael Andersson
- Department of Medical and Translational Biology, Umeå University, Umeå S-90187, Sweden; Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå S-90187, Sweden
| | - Jan Axelsson
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå S-90187, Sweden; Department of Diagnostics and Intervention, Radiation Physics, Umeå University, Umeå S-90187, Sweden
| | - Dmitry Kuznetsov
- Faculty of Sociology, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Katrine Riklund
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå S-90187, Sweden; Department of Diagnostics and Intervention, Diagnostic Radiology, Umeå University, Umeå S-90187, Sweden
| | - Martin Lövdén
- Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg S-41314, Sweden
| | - Ulman Lindenberger
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin D-14195, Germany; Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, Berlin, Germany; Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, London, UK
| | - Lars Bäckman
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm University, Stockholm S-17165, Sweden
| | - Lars Nyberg
- Department of Medical and Translational Biology, Umeå University, Umeå S-90187, Sweden; Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå S-90187, Sweden; Department of Diagnostics and Intervention, Diagnostic Radiology, Umeå University, Umeå S-90187, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Elmers J, Colzato LS, Ziemssen F, Ziemssen T, Beste C. Optical coherence tomography as a potential surrogate marker of dopaminergic modulation across the life span. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 96:102280. [PMID: 38518921 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
The retina has been considered a "window to the brain" and shares similar innervation by the dopaminergic system with the cortex in terms of an unequal distribution of D1 and D2 receptors. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview that Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT), a non-invasive imaging technique, which provides an "in vivo" representation of the retina, shows promise to be used as a surrogate marker of dopaminergic neuromodulation in cognition. Overall, most evidence supports reduced retinal thickness in individuals with dopaminergic dysregulation (e.g., patients with Parkinson's Disease, non-demented older adults) and with poor cognitive functioning. By using the theoretical framework of metacontrol, we derive hypotheses that retinal thinning associated to decreased dopamine (DA) levels affecting D1 families, might lead to a decrease in the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) affecting cognitive persistence (depending on D1-modulated DA activity) but not cognitive flexibility (depending on D2-modulated DA activity). We argue that the use of OCT parameters might not only be an insightful for cognitive neuroscience research, but also a potentially effective tool for individualized medicine with a focus on cognition. As our society progressively ages in the forthcoming years and decades, the preservation of cognitive abilities and promoting healthy aging will hold of crucial significance. OCT has the potential to function as a swift, non-invasive, and economical method for promptly recognizing individuals with a heightened vulnerability to cognitive deterioration throughout all stages of life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Elmers
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Germany; Center of Clinical Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Germany
| | - Lorenza S Colzato
- Cognitive Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Focke Ziemssen
- Ophthalmological Clinic, University Clinic Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tjalf Ziemssen
- Center of Clinical Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian Beste
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Germany; Cognitive Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Fischer H, Nilsson ME, Ebner NC. Why the Single-N Design Should Be the Default in Affective Neuroscience. AFFECTIVE SCIENCE 2024; 5:62-66. [PMID: 38495781 PMCID: PMC10942943 DOI: 10.1007/s42761-023-00182-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Many studies in affective neuroscience rely on statistical procedures designed to estimate population averages and base their main conclusions on group averages. However, the obvious unit of analysis in affective neuroscience is the individual, not the group, because emotions are individual phenomena that typically vary across individuals. Conclusions based on group averages may therefore be misleading or wrong, if interpreted as statements about emotions of an individual, or meaningless, if interpreted as statements about the group, which has no emotions. We therefore advocate the Single-N design as the default strategy in research on emotions, testing one or several individuals extensively with the primary purpose of obtaining results at the individual level. In neuroscience, the equivalent to the Single-N design is deep imaging, the emerging trend of extensive measurements of activity in single brains. Apart from the fact that individuals react differently to emotional stimuli, they also vary in shape and size of their brains. Group-based analysis of brain imaging data therefore refers to an "average brain" that was activated in a way that may not be representative of the physiology of any of the tested individual brains, nor of how these brains responded to the experimental stimuli. Deep imaging avoids such group-averaging artifacts by simply focusing on the individual brain. This methodological shift toward individual analysis has already opened new research areas in fields like vision science. Inspired by this, we call for a corresponding shift in affective neuroscience, away from group averages, and toward experimental designs targeting the individual.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Håkan Fischer
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- Stockholm University Brain Imaging Center (SUBIC), 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA
| | - Mats E. Nilsson
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Natalie C. Ebner
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA
- Institute of Aging, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA
- Florida Institute for Cybersecurity Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610-0165 USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Pauley C, Karlsson A, Sander MC. Early visual cortices reveal interrelated item and category representations in aging. eNeuro 2024; 11:ENEURO.0337-23.2023. [PMID: 38413198 PMCID: PMC10960632 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0337-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Neural dedifferentiation, the finding that neural representations tend to be less distinct in older adults compared with younger adults, has been associated with age-related declines in memory performance. Most studies assessing the relation between memory and neural dedifferentiation have evaluated how age impacts the distinctiveness of neural representations for different visual categories (e.g., scenes and objects). However, how age impacts the quality of neural representations at the level of individual items is still an open question. Here, we present data from an age-comparative fMRI study that aimed to understand how the distinctiveness of neural representations for individual stimuli differs between younger and older adults and relates to memory outcomes. Pattern similarity searchlight analyses yielded indicators of neural dedifferentiation at the level of individual items as well as at the category level in posterior occipital cortices. We asked whether age differences in neural distinctiveness at each representational level were associated with inter- and/or intraindividual variability in memory performance. While age-related dedifferentiation at both the item and category level related to between-person differences in memory, neural distinctiveness at the category level also tracked within-person variability in memory performance. Concurrently, neural distinctiveness at the item level was strongly associated with neural distinctiveness at the category level both within and across participants, elucidating a potential representational mechanism linking item- and category-level distinctiveness. In sum, we provide evidence that age-related neural dedifferentiation co-exists across multiple representational levels and is related to memory performance.Significance Statement Age-related memory decline has been associated with neural dedifferentiation, the finding that older adults have less distinctive neural representations than younger adults. This has been mostly shown for category information, while evidence for age differences in the specificity of item representations is meager. We used pattern similarity searchlight analyses to find indicators of neural dedifferentiation at both levels of representation (category and item) and linked distinctiveness to memory performance. Both item- and category-level dedifferentiation in the calcarine cortex were related to interindividual differences in memory performance, while category-level distinctiveness further tracked intraindividual variability. Crucially, neural distinctiveness was strongly tied between the item and category levels, indicating that intersecting representational properties of posterior occipital cortices reflect both individual exemplars and categories.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claire Pauley
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin 14195, Germany
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin 10115, Germany
| | - Anna Karlsson
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin 10115, Germany
| | - Myriam C. Sander
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin 14195, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Nyberg L. Editorial: Special issue in honor of Professor Lars Bäckman. AGING BRAIN 2023; 4:100100. [PMID: 38033621 PMCID: PMC10684998 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbas.2023.100100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
|
10
|
Mieling M, Meier H, Bunzeck N. Structural degeneration of the nucleus basalis of Meynert in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease - Evidence from an MRI-based meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 154:105393. [PMID: 37717861 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Recent models of Alzheimer's disease (AD) suggest that neuropathological changes of the medial temporal lobe, especially entorhinal cortex, are preceded by degenerations of the cholinergic Nucleus basalis of Meynert (NbM). Evidence from imaging studies in humans, however, is limited. Therefore, we performed an activation-likelihood estimation meta-analysis on whole brain voxel-based morphometry (VBM) MRI data from 54 experiments and 2581 subjects in total. It revealed, compared to healthy older controls, reduced gray matter in the bilateral NbM in AD, but only limited evidence for such an effect in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), which typically precedes AD. Both patient groups showed less gray matter in the amygdala and hippocampus, with hints towards more pronounced amygdala effects in AD. We discuss our findings in the context of studies that highlight the importance of the cholinergic basal forebrain in learning and memory throughout the lifespan, and conclude that they are partly compatible with pathological staging models suggesting initial and pronounced structural degenerations within the NbM in the progression of AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marthe Mieling
- Department of Psychology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Hannah Meier
- Department of Psychology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Nico Bunzeck
- Department of Psychology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Lübeck, Germany; Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Lübeck, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Colautti L, Borsa VM, Fusi G, Crepaldi M, Palmiero M, Garau F, Bonfiglio NS, Giannì J, Rusconi ML, Penna MP, Rozzini L, Antonietti A. The Role of Cognition in Divergent Thinking: Implications for Successful Aging. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1489. [PMID: 37891856 PMCID: PMC10605231 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13101489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Promoting active and successful aging has become crucial to improve quality of life in later adulthood and reduce the impact of cognitive decline. Increasing evidence suggested that the ability to think creatively (e.g., via divergent thinking), similar to cognitive reserve, could represent a beneficial factor against the negative effects of aging. However, there is still little evidence investigating the relationships between divergent thinking, cognitive functions, and cognitive reserve in late adulthood. The present study explored these relationships in a sample of 98 individuals ranging from 61 to 88 years old (mean age: 72.44 ± 6.35). Results showed that visual, but not verbal, divergent thinking was affected by aging. Interestingly, visual divergent thinking performance was predicted by both the cognitive component of crystallized intelligence and cognitive reserve. Only the crystallized component of intelligence was found to mediate the aging effect on visual divergent thinking performance. These results suggest that in later adulthood a potential shift strategy to prior knowledge and semantic components over executive and control components of cognition could underlie a preserved ability to think divergently and, plausibly, creatively. Limitations of the study and implications for successful aging are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Colautti
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 20123 Milan, Italy;
| | - Virginia Maria Borsa
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Bergamo, 24129 Bergamo, Italy; (V.M.B.); (G.F.); (M.C.); (J.G.); (M.L.R.)
| | - Giulia Fusi
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Bergamo, 24129 Bergamo, Italy; (V.M.B.); (G.F.); (M.C.); (J.G.); (M.L.R.)
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, 25136 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Maura Crepaldi
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Bergamo, 24129 Bergamo, Italy; (V.M.B.); (G.F.); (M.C.); (J.G.); (M.L.R.)
| | | | - Francesca Garau
- Department of Pedagogy, Psychology, Philosophy, University of Cagliari, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; (F.G.); (M.P.P.)
| | | | - Jessica Giannì
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Bergamo, 24129 Bergamo, Italy; (V.M.B.); (G.F.); (M.C.); (J.G.); (M.L.R.)
| | - Maria Luisa Rusconi
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Bergamo, 24129 Bergamo, Italy; (V.M.B.); (G.F.); (M.C.); (J.G.); (M.L.R.)
| | - Maria Pietronilla Penna
- Department of Pedagogy, Psychology, Philosophy, University of Cagliari, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; (F.G.); (M.P.P.)
| | - Luca Rozzini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, 25136 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Antonietti
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 20123 Milan, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Dahl MJ, Kulesza A, Werkle-Bergner M, Mather M. Declining locus coeruleus-dopaminergic and noradrenergic modulation of long-term memory in aging and Alzheimer's disease. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 153:105358. [PMID: 37597700 PMCID: PMC10591841 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Memory is essential in defining our identity by guiding behavior based on past experiences. However, aging leads to declining memory, disrupting older adult's lives. Memories are encoded through experience-dependent modifications of synaptic strength, which are regulated by the catecholamines dopamine and noradrenaline. While cognitive aging research demonstrates how dopaminergic neuromodulation from the substantia nigra-ventral tegmental area regulates hippocampal synaptic plasticity and memory, recent findings indicate that the noradrenergic locus coeruleus sends denser inputs to the hippocampus. The locus coeruleus produces dopamine as biosynthetic precursor of noradrenaline, and releases both to modulate hippocampal plasticity and memory. Crucially, the locus coeruleus is also the first site to accumulate Alzheimer's-related abnormal tau and severely degenerates with disease development. New in-vivo assessments of locus coeruleus integrity reveal associations with Alzheimer's markers and late-life memory impairments, which likely stem from impaired dopaminergic and noradrenergic neurotransmission. Bridging research across species, the reviewed findings suggest that degeneration of the locus coeruleus results in deficient dopaminergic and noradrenergic modulation of hippocampal plasticity and thus memory decline.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin J Dahl
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, 14195 Berlin, Germany; Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, 90089 Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Agnieszka Kulesza
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus Werkle-Bergner
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Mara Mather
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, 90089 Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Berendzen KM, Bales KL, Manoli DS. Attachment across the lifespan: Examining the intersection of pair bonding neurobiology and healthy aging. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 153:105339. [PMID: 37536581 PMCID: PMC11073483 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that intact social bonds are protective against age-related morbidity, while bond disruption and social isolation increase the risk for multiple age-related diseases. Social attachments, the enduring, selective bonds formed between individuals, are thus essential to human health. Socially monogamous species like the prairie vole (M. ochrogaster) form long-term pair bonds, allowing us to investigate the mechanisms underlying attachment and the poorly understood connection between social bonds and health. In this review, we explore several potential areas of focus emerging from data in humans and other species associating attachment and healthy aging, and evidence from prairie voles that may clarify this link. We examine gaps in our understanding of social cognition and pair bond behavior. Finally, we discuss physiologic pathways related to pair bonding that promote resilience to the processes of aging and age-related disease. Advances in the development of molecular genetic tools in monogamous species will allow us to bridge the mechanistic gaps presented and identify conserved research and therapeutic targets relevant to human health and aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristen M. Berendzen
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco; San Francisco, CA 95158, USA
- Center for Integrative Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco; San Francisco, CA 95158, USA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco; San Francisco, CA 95158, USA
- Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco; San Francisco, CA 95158, USA
| | - Karen L. Bales
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis; Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California, Davis; Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Devanand S. Manoli
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco; San Francisco, CA 95158, USA
- Center for Integrative Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco; San Francisco, CA 95158, USA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco; San Francisco, CA 95158, USA
- Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco; San Francisco, CA 95158, USA
- Neurosciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco; San Francisco, CA 95158, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Gustavsson J, Johansson J, Falahati F, Andersson M, Papenberg G, Avelar-Pereira B, Bäckman L, Kalpouzos G, Salami A. The iron-dopamine D1 coupling modulates neural signatures of working memory across adult lifespan. Neuroimage 2023; 279:120323. [PMID: 37582419 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain iron overload and decreased integrity of the dopaminergic system have been independently reported as brain substrates of cognitive decline in aging. Dopamine (DA), and iron are co-localized in high concentrations in the striatum and prefrontal cortex (PFC), but follow opposing age-related trajectories across the lifespan. DA contributes to cellular iron homeostasis and the activation of D1-like DA receptors (D1DR) alleviates oxidative stress-induced inflammatory responses, suggesting a mutual interaction between these two fundamental components. Still, a direct in-vivo study testing the iron-D1DR relationship and their interactions on brain function and cognition across the lifespan is rare. Using PET and MRI data from the DyNAMiC study (n=180, age=20-79, %50 female), we showed that elevated iron content was related to lower D1DRs in DLPFC, but not in striatum, suggesting that dopamine-rich regions are less susceptible to elevated iron. Critically, older individuals with elevated iron and lower D1DR exhibited less frontoparietal activations during the most demanding task, which in turn was related to poorer working-memory performance. Together, our findings suggest that the combination of elevated iron load and reduced D1DR contribute to disturbed PFC-related circuits in older age, and thus may be targeted as two modifiable factors for future intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonatan Gustavsson
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Sweden.
| | - Jarkko Johansson
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Sweden; Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Farshad Falahati
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Sweden
| | - Micael Andersson
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Goran Papenberg
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Sweden
| | - Bárbara Avelar-Pereira
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Sweden; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94304, USA
| | - Lars Bäckman
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Sweden
| | - Grégoria Kalpouzos
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Sweden
| | - Alireza Salami
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Sweden; Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Johansson J, Nordin K, Pedersen R, Karalija N, Papenberg G, Andersson M, Korkki SM, Riklund K, Guitart-Masip M, Rieckmann A, Bäckman L, Nyberg L, Salami A. Biphasic patterns of age-related differences in dopamine D1 receptors across the adult lifespan. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113107. [PMID: 37676765 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related alterations in D1-like dopamine receptor (D1DR) have distinct implications for human cognition and behavior during development and aging, but the timing of these periods remains undefined. Enabled by a large sample of in vivo assessments (n = 180, age 20 to 80 years of age, 50% female), we discover that age-related D1DR differences pivot at approximately 40 years of age in several brain regions. Focusing on the most age-sensitive dopamine-rich region, we observe opposing pre- and post-forties interrelations among caudate D1DR, cortico-striatal functional connectivity, and memory. Finally, particularly caudate D1DR differences in midlife and beyond, but not in early adulthood, associate with manifestation of white matter lesions. The present results support a model by which excessive dopamine modulation in early adulthood and insufficient modulation in aging are deleterious to brain function and cognition, thus challenging a prevailing view of monotonic D1DR function across the adult lifespan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jarkko Johansson
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden; Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Kristin Nordin
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm University, Tomtebodavägen 18A, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Robin Pedersen
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden; Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden; Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Nina Karalija
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden; Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Goran Papenberg
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm University, Tomtebodavägen 18A, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Micael Andersson
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden; Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Saana M Korkki
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm University, Tomtebodavägen 18A, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Katrine Riklund
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden; Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Marc Guitart-Masip
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm University, Tomtebodavägen 18A, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden; Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, University College London, London, UK
| | - Anna Rieckmann
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden; Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden; Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden; The Munich Center for the Economics of Aging, Max Planck Institute for Social Law and Social Policy, 80799 Munich, Germany
| | - Lars Bäckman
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm University, Tomtebodavägen 18A, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Nyberg
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden; Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden; Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden; Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Alireza Salami
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden; Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm University, Tomtebodavägen 18A, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden; Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Dahl MJ, Bachman SL, Dutt S, Düzel S, Bodammer NC, Lindenberger U, Kühn S, Werkle-Bergner M, Mather M. The integrity of dopaminergic and noradrenergic brain regions is associated with different aspects of late-life memory performance. NATURE AGING 2023; 3:1128-1143. [PMID: 37653256 PMCID: PMC10501910 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-023-00469-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Changes in dopaminergic neuromodulation play a key role in adult memory decline. Recent research has also implicated noradrenaline in shaping late-life memory. However, it is unclear whether these two neuromodulators have distinct roles in age-related cognitive changes. Here, combining longitudinal MRI of the dopaminergic substantia nigra-ventral tegmental area (SN-VTA) and noradrenergic locus coeruleus (LC) in younger (n = 69) and older (n = 251) adults, we found that dopaminergic and noradrenergic integrity are differentially associated with memory performance. While LC integrity was related to better episodic memory across several tasks, SN-VTA integrity was linked to working memory. Longitudinally, we found that older age was associated with more negative change in SN-VTA and LC integrity. Notably, changes in LC integrity reliably predicted future episodic memory. These differential associations of dopaminergic and noradrenergic nuclei with late-life cognitive decline have potential clinical utility, given their degeneration in several age-associated diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin J Dahl
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany.
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Shelby L Bachman
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shubir Dutt
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sandra Düzel
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nils C Bodammer
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulman Lindenberger
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
- Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, London, UK
- Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Simone Kühn
- Lise Meitner Group for Environmental Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Clinic Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Werkle-Bergner
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mara Mather
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Elmers J, Colzato LS, Akgün K, Ziemssen T, Beste C. Neurofilaments - Small proteins of physiological significance and predictive power for future neurodegeneration and cognitive decline across the life span. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 90:102037. [PMID: 37619618 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Neurofilaments (NFs) are not only important for axonal integrity and nerve conduction in large myelinated axons but they are also thought to be crucial for receptor and synaptic functioning. Therefore, NFs may play a critical role in cognitive functions, as cognitive processes are known to depend on synaptic integrity and are modulated by dopaminergic signaling. Here, we present a theory-driven interdisciplinary approach that NFs may link inflammation, neurodegeneration, and cognitive functions. We base our hypothesis on a wealth of evidence suggesting a causal link between inflammation and neurodegeneration and between these two and cognitive decline (see Fig. 1), also taking dopaminergic signaling into account. We conclude that NFs may not only serve as biomarkers for inflammatory, neurodegenerative, and cognitive processes but also represent a potential mechanical hinge between them, moreover, they may even have predictive power regarding future cognitive decline. In addition, we advocate the use of both NFs and MRI parameters, as their synthesis offers the opportunity to individualize medical treatment by providing a comprehensive view of underlying disease activity in neurological diseases. Since our society will become significantly older in the upcoming years and decades, maintaining cognitive functions and healthy aging will play an important role. Thanks to technological advances in recent decades, NFs could serve as a rapid, noninvasive, and relatively inexpensive early warning system to identify individuals at increased risk for cognitive decline and could facilitate the management of cognitive dysfunctions across the lifespan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Elmers
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Germany; Center of Clinical Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Germany
| | - Lorenza S Colzato
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Germany; Cognitive Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China.
| | - Katja Akgün
- Center of Clinical Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Germany
| | - Tjalf Ziemssen
- Center of Clinical Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian Beste
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Germany; Cognitive Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Pizzonia KL, Suhr JA, Clark LA, Clark BC. The relation of ApoE and COMT gene-gene interactions to cognitive and motor function in community-dwelling older adults: a pilot study. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1206473. [PMID: 37744392 PMCID: PMC10513033 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1206473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Certain genes increase the risk of age-related neurological dysfunction and/or disease. For instance, ApoE is a well-known gene carrying risk for Alzheimer's disease, while COMT has been associated with age-related reductions in motor function. There is growing interest in the interrelationship between age-related changes in cognitive and motor function, and examining gene-gene interactions in this context. In this pilot study we examined the relations of the ApoE and COMT genes and their interaction to both cognitive and motor performance in community-dwelling older adults. Methods We leveraged an archived dataset from a prior study on age-related muscle weakness in community-dwelling older adults. Sample size was between 72 and 82 individuals based on missing data. We examined the relationship of ApoE (Ɛ4 presence/absence), rs4680 SNP on the COMT gene (Val/Met, Val/Val, Met/Met), and sex on (1) overall cognitive functioning and specific cognitive domains known to decline in aging (processing speed, immediate and delayed memory, semantic and phonemic fluency, and executive functioning), and (2) indices of motor function (four square step test, short physical performance battery, grip strength/forearm lean mass, and purdue pegboard test). Results Homozygous COMT genotypes were associated with worse global cognitive performance, immediate memory, and semantic fluency, but only for older adults with at least one ApoE Ɛ4 allele. There were main effects for COMT for delayed memory and a main effect for both COMT and ApoE for coding and phonemic fluency. Women scored higher than men in overall cognition, immediate and delayed memory, and semantic fluency. There were no main effects or gene interactions for a measure of executive functioning (trial making test part B) or any of the measures of motor function. Discussion COMT, ApoE, and their interaction influence cognitive performance, but not motor functioning, in community dwelling older adults. Our work supports prior literature concluding that a heterozygous COMT genotype may be beneficial to sustain healthy cognitive functioning with advancing age for those who have a higher ApoE genetic risk status (at least one Ɛ4 allele). Future research should investigate interactions between COMT and ApoE in larger samples with comprehensive assessment of cognition and motor functioning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kendra L. Pizzonia
- Ohio Musculoskeletal and Neurological Institute (OMNI), Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
- Department of Psychology, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
| | - Julie A. Suhr
- Ohio Musculoskeletal and Neurological Institute (OMNI), Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
- Department of Psychology, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
| | - Leatha A. Clark
- Ohio Musculoskeletal and Neurological Institute (OMNI), Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Athens, OH, United States
| | - Brian C. Clark
- Ohio Musculoskeletal and Neurological Institute (OMNI), Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Athens, OH, United States
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Ma J, Tang L, Peng P, Wang T, Gui H, Ren X. Shifting as an executive function separate from updating and inhibition in old age: Behavioral and genetic evidence. Behav Brain Res 2023; 452:114604. [PMID: 37516210 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the organization of executive functions (EFs), specifically working memory updating, prepotent response inhibition, and mental-set shifting in old age, with a particular focus on determining whether the shifting function was behaviorally and genetically separated from the other functions. A total of 248 healthy older Chinese individuals participated, and multiple measures of executive functions were collected. Additionally, measures of fluid intelligence were included to explore the varying relationships between the three executive functions and this higher-order cognitive ability. Furthermore, genetic data were gathered and analyzed to investigate the associations between EFs and six candidate single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) mapped to dopaminergic, serotonergic, or glutamatergic genes. The results indicated that both the three-factor model and the two-factor model, which combined updating and inhibition, demonstrated a good fit. Furthermore, shifting was found to be behaviorally separated from the other two functions, and the correlation between shifting and fluid intelligence was smaller compared to the correlations between updating and inhibition with fluid intelligence. Moreover, the DRD2 SNPs showed significant associations with shifting, rather than with updating and inhibition. These findings provide evidence that shifting is distinct and separate from updating and inhibition, highlighting the diversity of EFs among older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Ma
- School of Education, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lixu Tang
- School of Wushu, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Peng Peng
- Department of Special Education, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, USA
| | - Tengfei Wang
- Department of Psychology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongsheng Gui
- Behavioral Health Services and Psychiatry Research, Henry Ford Health, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Michigan State University, USA
| | - Xuezhu Ren
- School of Education, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Johansson J, Karalija N, Salami A. Cerebrovascular integrity affects gradients of aging-related dopamine D1 differences in the striatum. AGING BRAIN 2023; 4:100094. [PMID: 37645244 PMCID: PMC10460986 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbas.2023.100094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Extant research suggest aging-related losses of different dopaminergic markers, including presynaptic dopamine transporters as well as post-synaptic DA receptors. Given the central role of DA in neurocognitive functions, maintenance of a healthy DA system may be a key to mitigate age-related cognitive decline. Mechanisms behind DA losses in aging are however largely uncharted. Past research documented an association between dopaminergic integrity and cerebrovascular health (via white matter lesion volumes). However, it remains unclear whether proximity to lesions affected the spatial patterns of age-related D1DR differences within the striatum, and whether such differences are related to mnemonic function. Here, a large cohort of middle-aged to older healthy participants (age = 40-80 years, n = 119, 50 % women) was assessed for D1-receptor (D1DR) availability with positron emission tomography using [11C]SCH23390, and for white matter lesions using FLAIR-MRI. We found evidence for variations in degree of age-related differences along the ventro-dorsal axis, with more pronounced differences in the dorsal caudate. Further analyses revealed an association between distance to lesions and extent of D1DR losses in the caudate. Furthermore, D1DR differences in dorsal caudate (proximal to lesions) was more strongly associated with memory performance. In conclusion, the present findings suggest that maintenance of cerebrovascular health may be a key factor in promoting successful dopaminergic and memory aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jarkko Johansson
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology, Umeå University, S-90187 Umeå, Sweden
- Umeå Ceer for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, S-90187 Umeå, Sweden
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Nina Karalija
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology, Umeå University, S-90187 Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, S-90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Alireza Salami
- Umeå Ceer for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, S-90187 Umeå, Sweden
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, S-90187 Umeå, Sweden
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm University, S-17165 Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Sobczak A, Bunzeck N. Effects of positive and negative social feedback on motivation, evaluative learning, and socio-emotional processing. NPJ SCIENCE OF LEARNING 2023; 8:28. [PMID: 37587116 PMCID: PMC10432544 DOI: 10.1038/s41539-023-00178-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Social rewards and punishments are strong motivators. Since experimental work has focused on young adults using simplistic feedback, the effects of more naturalistic stimuli on motivation, evaluative learning, and socio-emotional processing with advanced age remain unclear. Therefore, we compared the effects of static (photos) vs dynamic (videos) social feedback in a social incentive delay (SID) task in young (18-35 years) and older adults (50-84 years) with neutral, positive, and negative feedback, on response times (RTs), and assessed the emotional valence of feedback cues and feedback videos. We found that anticipating positive and negative social feedback accelerated RTs regardless of age and without additional effects of video feedback. Furthermore, the results suggest a valence transfer from positive feedback videos to predictive cues in both groups (i.e., evaluative learning). Finally, older adults reported less pronounced negative affect for negative feedback videos, indicating age differences in socio-emotional processing. As such, our findings foster our understanding of the underlying cognitive and emotional aspects involved in the processing of social rewards and punishments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Sobczak
- Department of Psychology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany.
| | - Nico Bunzeck
- Department of Psychology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany.
- Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Jaeggi SM, Weaver AN, Carbone E, Trane FE, Smith-Peirce RN, Buschkuehl M, Flueckiger C, Carlson M, Jonides J, Borella E. EngAge - A metacognitive intervention to supplement working memory training: A feasibility study in older adults. AGING BRAIN 2023; 4:100083. [PMID: 38098966 PMCID: PMC10719574 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbas.2023.100083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Working Memory (WM) training has shown promise in supporting cognitive functioning in older adult populations, but effects that generalize beyond the trained task have been inconsistent. Targeting cognitive processes in isolation might be a limiting factor given that metacognitive and motivational factors have been shown to impact older adults' engagement with challenging cognitive activities, such as WM training. The current feasibility study implemented a novel metacognitive intervention in conjunction with WM training in older adults and examined its potential amplifying short- and long-term effects on cognitive and self-report outcomes as compared to WM or active control training alone. One-hundred and nineteen older adults completed a cognitive training over the course of 20 sessions at home. The cognitive training targeted either WM or general knowledge. In addition, one of the WM training groups completed a metacognitive program via group seminars. We tested for group differences in WM, inhibitory control, and episodic memory, and we assessed participants' perceived self-efficacy and everyday memory failures. At post-test, we replicated earlier work by demonstrating that participants who completed the WM intervention outperformed the active control group in non-trained WM measures, and to some extent, in inhibitory control. However, we found no evidence that the supplemental metacognitive program led to benefits over and above the WM intervention. Nonetheless, we conclude that our metacognitive program is a step in the right direction given the tentative long-term effects and participants' positive feedback, but more longitudinal data with larger sample sizes are needed to confirm these early findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elena Carbone
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Erika Borella
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhou H, Wang K, Xu Z, Liu D, Wang Y, Guo M. Chronic unpredictable stress induces depression/anxiety-related behaviors and alterations of hippocampal monoamine receptor mRNA expression in female mice at different ages. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18369. [PMID: 37539192 PMCID: PMC10393760 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression and anxiety are the most common mental health disorders. Though they affect people at any age and occur more often in females, the pathophysiological changes under these conditions are less investigated. In the present study, we examined the effects of age and stress on depression- and anxiety-related behaviors in female mice. Saccharin preference and the open field test were carried out before and after chronic unpredictable stress in 4-, 14- and 25-month-old female mice. After behavioral tests, mRNA levels of monoamine receptors in the hippocampus were measured by real-time RT-PCR. Chronic unpredictable stress decreased saccharin preference in 4-, 14- and 25-month-old mice and the time spent in the center in the open field test in 25-month-old mice. For monoamine receptors, analysis of variance revealed significant effects of age on mRNA levels of Htr1a, Htr2a, Htr6, Adra1a, Adrb2, and Adrb3, significant effects of stress on mRNA levels of Htr4, Adra2c, Adrb1, and Adrb2, and interactions of age × stress on mRNA levels of Htr1a, Htr5b, Adra1d, Adra2a, Adra2c, and Adrb1. Chronic unpredictable stress decreased mRNA levels of Htr4, Htr5b, Adra2c, and Adrb1 in 4-month-old female mice. Correlations were observed between saccharin preference and mRNA levels of Htr4, Htr5b, Htr6, Adra1d, Adra2a, and Adra2c in 4-month-old mice and between the time spent in the center in the open field test and mRNA levels of Htr1b in 4-month-old mice, Htr3a, Htr7, and Adrb2 in 14-month-old mice, and Drd2 in 4- and 14-month-old mice. Our findings support that stress induces depression- and anxiety-related behaviors and the expression of hippocampal monoamine receptors in an age-dependent manner in female mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhou
- Department of Psychology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China
| | - Kaixin Wang
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China
| | - Zhicheng Xu
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China
| | - Dunjiang Liu
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China
| | - Yameng Wang
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China
| | - Ming Guo
- Department of Psychology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Steiger TK, Yousuf M, Bunzeck N. Differential effects of expectancy on memory formation in young and older adults. Hum Brain Mapp 2023. [PMID: 37376724 PMCID: PMC10400797 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Novelty can promote subsequent long-term memory via the mesolimbic system, including the medial temporal lobe and midbrain structures. Importantly, these and other brain regions typically degenerate during healthy aging, which suggests a reduced impact of novelty on learning. However, evidence in favor of such a hypothesis is scarce. Thus, we used functional MRI in combination with an established paradigm in healthy young (19-32 years, n = 30) and older (51-81 years, n = 32) humans. During encoding, colored cues predicted the subsequent presentation of either a novel or previously familiarized image (75% cue validity), and approximately 24 h later, recognition memory for novel images was tested. Behaviorally, expected novel images, as compared to unexpected novel images, were better recognized in young and, to a lesser degree, older subjects. At the neural level, familiar cues activated memory related areas, especially the medial temporal lobe, whereas novelty cues activated the angular gyrus and inferior parietal lobe, which may reflect enhanced attentional processing. During outcome processing, expected novel images activated the medial temporal lobe, angular gyrus and inferior parietal lobe. Importantly, a similar activation pattern was observed for subsequently recognized novel items, which helps to explain the behavioral effect of novelty on long-term memory. Finally, age-effects were pronounced for successfully recognized novel images with relatively stronger activations in attention-related brain regions in older adults; younger adults, on the other hand, showed stronger hippocampal activation. Together, expectancy promotes memory formation for novel items via neural activity in medial temporal lobe structures and this effect appears to be reduced with age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mushfa Yousuf
- Department of Psychology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Nico Bunzeck
- Department of Psychology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism (CBBM), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Pedersen R, Johansson J, Salami A. Dopamine D1-signaling modulates maintenance of functional network segregation in aging. AGING BRAIN 2023; 3:100079. [PMID: 37408790 PMCID: PMC10318303 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbas.2023.100079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Past research has shown that as individuals age, there are decreases in within-network connectivity and increases in between-network connectivity, a pattern known as functional dedifferentiation. While the mechanisms behind reduced network segregation are not fully understood, evidence suggests that age-related differences in the dopamine (DA) system may play a key role. The DA D1-receptor (D1DR) is the most abundant and age-sensitive receptor subtype in the dopaminergic system, known to modulate synaptic activity and enhance the specificity of the neuronal signals. In this study from the DyNAMiC project (N = 180, 20-79y), we set out to investigate the interplay among age, functional connectivity, and dopamine D1DR availability. Using a novel application of multivariate Partial Least squares (PLS), we found that older age, and lower D1DR availability, were simultaneously associated with a pattern of decreased within-network and increased between-network connectivity. Individuals who expressed greater distinctiveness of large-scale networks exhibited more efficient working memory. In line with the maintenance hypotheses, we found that older individuals with greater D1DR in caudate exhibited less dedifferentiation of the connectome, and greater working memory, compared to their age-matched counterparts with less D1DR. These findings suggest that dopaminergic neurotransmission plays an important role in functional dedifferentiation in aging with consequences for working memory function at older age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robin Pedersen
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine (WCMM), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jarkko Johansson
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine (WCMM), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Alireza Salami
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine (WCMM), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Frank CC, Seaman KL. Aging, uncertainty, and decision making-A review. COGNITIVE, AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2023; 23:773-787. [PMID: 36670294 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-023-01064-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
There is a great deal of uncertainty in the world. One common source of uncertainty results from incomplete or missing information about probabilistic outcomes (i.e., outcomes that may occur), which influences how people make decisions. The impact of this type of uncertainty may particularly pronounced for older adults, who, as the primary leaders around the world, make highly impactful decisions with lasting outcomes. This review examines the ways in which uncertainty about probabilistic outcomes is perceived, handled, and represented in the aging brain, with an emphasis on how uncertainty may specifically affect decision making in later life. We describe the role of uncertainty in decision making and aging from four perspectives, including 1) theoretical, 2) self-report, 3) behavioral, and 4) neuroscientific. We report evidence of any age-related differences in uncertainty among these contexts and describe how these changes may affect decision making. We then integrate the findings across the distinct perspectives, followed by a discussion of important future directions for research on aging and uncertainty, including prospection, domain-specificity in risk-taking behaviors, and choice overload.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Colleen C Frank
- Center for Vital Longevity, The University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA.
| | - Kendra L Seaman
- Center for Vital Longevity, The University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA
- School of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Ehrenberg AJ, Kelberman MA, Liu KY, Dahl MJ, Weinshenker D, Falgàs N, Dutt S, Mather M, Ludwig M, Betts MJ, Winer JR, Teipel S, Weigand AJ, Eschenko O, Hämmerer D, Leiman M, Counts SE, Shine JM, Robertson IH, Levey AI, Lancini E, Son G, Schneider C, Egroo MV, Liguori C, Wang Q, Vazey EM, Rodriguez-Porcel F, Haag L, Bondi MW, Vanneste S, Freeze WM, Yi YJ, Maldinov M, Gatchel J, Satpati A, Babiloni C, Kremen WS, Howard R, Jacobs HIL, Grinberg LT. Priorities for research on neuromodulatory subcortical systems in Alzheimer's disease: Position paper from the NSS PIA of ISTAART. Alzheimers Dement 2023; 19:2182-2196. [PMID: 36642985 PMCID: PMC10182252 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The neuromodulatory subcortical system (NSS) nuclei are critical hubs for survival, hedonic tone, and homeostasis. Tau-associated NSS degeneration occurs early in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis, long before the emergence of pathognomonic memory dysfunction and cortical lesions. Accumulating evidence supports the role of NSS dysfunction and degeneration in the behavioral and neuropsychiatric manifestations featured early in AD. Experimental studies even suggest that AD-associated NSS degeneration drives brain neuroinflammatory status and contributes to disease progression, including the exacerbation of cortical lesions. Given the important pathophysiologic and etiologic roles that involve the NSS in early AD stages, there is an urgent need to expand our understanding of the mechanisms underlying NSS vulnerability and more precisely detail the clinical progression of NSS changes in AD. Here, the NSS Professional Interest Area of the International Society to Advance Alzheimer's Research and Treatment highlights knowledge gaps about NSS within AD and provides recommendations for priorities specific to clinical research, biomarker development, modeling, and intervention. HIGHLIGHTS: Neuromodulatory nuclei degenerate in early Alzheimer's disease pathological stages. Alzheimer's pathophysiology is exacerbated by neuromodulatory nuclei degeneration. Neuromodulatory nuclei degeneration drives neuropsychiatric symptoms in dementia. Biomarkers of neuromodulatory integrity would be value-creating for dementia care. Neuromodulatory nuclei present strategic prospects for disease-modifying therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J Ehrenberg
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
- Innovative Genomics Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Michael A Kelberman
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Kathy Y Liu
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | - Martin J Dahl
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
| | - David Weinshenker
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Neus Falgàs
- Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Shubir Dutt
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Mara Mather
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Mareike Ludwig
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Matthew J Betts
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Joseph R Winer
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Stefan Teipel
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Rostock/Greifswald, Rostock, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, University Medicine Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Alexandra J Weigand
- San Diego State University/University of California San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Oxana Eschenko
- Department of Computational Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Dorothea Hämmerer
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Psychology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, UK
| | - Marina Leiman
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Scott E Counts
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA
- Department of Family Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA
- Michigan Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - James M Shine
- Brain and Mind Center, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ian H Robertson
- Global Brain Health Institute, Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Allan I Levey
- Goizueta Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Goizueta Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Elisa Lancini
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Gowoon Son
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Christoph Schneider
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Maxime Van Egroo
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Faculty of Health, Medicine, and Life Sciences, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Alzheimer Centre Limburg, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Claudio Liguori
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Neurology Unit, University Hospital of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Agusta University, Agusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Elena M Vazey
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Lena Haag
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Mark W Bondi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Psychology Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Sven Vanneste
- Global Brain Health Institute, Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity College Institute for Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Whitney M Freeze
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Neuropsychology and Psychiatry, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Yeo-Jin Yi
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Mihovil Maldinov
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Jennifer Gatchel
- Division of Geriatric Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Abhijit Satpati
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Claudio Babiloni
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer,", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Hospital San Raffaele Cassino, Cassino, Italy
| | - William S Kremen
- Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Robert Howard
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | - Heidi I L Jacobs
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Faculty of Health, Medicine, and Life Sciences, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Alzheimer Centre Limburg, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Lea T Grinberg
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Martínez-Magaña JJ, Krystal JH, Girgenti MJ, Núnez-Ríos DL, Nagamatsu ST, Andrade-Brito DE, Montalvo-Ortiz JL. Decoding the role of transcriptomic clocks in the human prefrontal cortex. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.04.19.23288765. [PMID: 37163025 PMCID: PMC10168432 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.19.23288765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a complex process with interindividual variability, which can be measured by aging biological clocks. Aging clocks are machine-learning algorithms guided by biological information and associated with mortality risk and a wide range of health outcomes. One of these aging clocks are transcriptomic clocks, which uses gene expression data to predict biological age; however, their functional role is unknown. Here, we profiled two transcriptomic clocks (RNAAgeCalc and knowledge-based deep neural network clock) in a large dataset of human postmortem prefrontal cortex (PFC) samples. We identified that deep-learning transcriptomic clock outperforms RNAAgeCalc to predict transcriptomic age in the human PFC. We identified associations of transcriptomic clocks with psychiatric-related traits. Further, we applied system biology algorithms to identify common gene networks among both clocks and performed pathways enrichment analyses to assess its functionality and prioritize genes involved in the aging processes. Identified gene networks showed enrichment for diseases of signal transduction by growth factor receptors and second messenger pathways. We also observed enrichment of genome-wide signals of mental and physical health outcomes and identified genes previously associated with human brain aging. Our findings suggest a link between transcriptomic aging and health disorders, including psychiatric traits. Further, it reveals functional genes within the human PFC that may play an important role in aging and health risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José J. Martínez-Magaña
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven
- National Center for PTSD, US Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - John H. Krystal
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven
- National Center for PTSD, US Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, CT, USA
- Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Health Care System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Matthew J. Girgenti
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven
- National Center for PTSD, US Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Diana L. Núnez-Ríos
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven
- National Center for PTSD, US Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sheila T. Nagamatsu
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven
- National Center for PTSD, US Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Diego E. Andrade-Brito
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven
- National Center for PTSD, US Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Janitza L. Montalvo-Ortiz
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven
- National Center for PTSD, US Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, CT, USA
- Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Health Care System, West Haven, CT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Baeuchl C, Glöckner F, Koch C, Petzold J, Schuck NW, Smolka MN, Li SC. Dopamine differentially modulates medial temporal lobe activity and behavior during spatial navigation in young and older adults. Neuroimage 2023; 273:120099. [PMID: 37037380 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with changes in spatial navigation behavior. In addition to an overall performance decline, older adults tend to rely more on proximal location cue information than on environmental boundary information during spatial navigation compared to young adults. The fact that older adults are more susceptible to errors during spatial navigation might be partly attributed to deficient dopaminergic modulation of hippocampal and striatal functioning. Hence, elevating dopamine levels might differentially modulate spatial navigation and memory performance in young and older adults. In this work, we administered levodopa (L-DOPA) in a double-blind within-subject, placebo-controlled design and recorded functional neuroimaging while young and older adults performed a 3D spatial navigation task in which boundary geometry or the position of a location cue were systematically manipulated. An age by intervention interaction on the neural level revealed an upregulation of brain responses in older adults and a downregulation of responses in young adults within the medial temporal lobe (including hippocampus and parahippocampus) and brainstem, during memory retrieval. Behaviorally, L-DOPA had no effect on older adults' overall memory performance; however, older adults whose spatial memory improved under L-DOPA also showed a shift towards more boundary processing under L-DOPA. In young adults, L-DOPA induced a decline in spatial memory performance in task-naïve participants. These results are consistent with the inverted-U-shaped hypothesis of dopamine signaling and cognitive function and suggest that increasing dopamine availability improves hippocampus-dependent place learning in some older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Baeuchl
- Faculty of Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Franka Glöckner
- Faculty of Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christoph Koch
- Max Planck Research Group NeuroCode, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany; International Max Planck Research School on the Life Course (LIFE), Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany; Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Aging Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Johannes Petzold
- Department of Psychiatry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Nicolas W Schuck
- Max Planck Research Group NeuroCode, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany; Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Aging Research, Berlin, Germany; Institute of Psychology, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, German
| | - Michael N Smolka
- Department of Psychiatry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Shu-Chen Li
- Faculty of Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Centre for Tactile Internet with Human-in-the-Loop, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Bedder RL, Vaghi MM, Dolan RJ, Rutledge RB. Risk taking for potential losses but not gains increases with time of day. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5534. [PMID: 37015952 PMCID: PMC10073197 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31738-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Humans exhibit distinct risk preferences when facing choices involving potential gains and losses. These preferences are believed to be subject to neuromodulatory influence, particularly from dopamine and serotonin. As neuromodulators manifest circadian rhythms, this suggests decision making under risk might be affected by time of day. Here, in a large subject sample collected using a smartphone application, we found that risky options with potential losses were increasingly chosen over the course of the day. We observed this result in both a within-subjects design (N = 2599) comparing risky options chosen earlier and later in the day in the same individuals, and in a between-subjects design (N = 26,720) showing our effect generalizes across ages and genders. Using computational modelling, we show this diurnal change in risk preference reflects a decrease in sensitivity to increasing losses, but no change was observed in the relative impacts of gains and losses on choice (i.e., loss aversion). Thus, our findings reveal a striking diurnal modulation in human decision making, a pattern with potential importance for real-life decisions that include voting, medical decisions, and financial investments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel L. Bedder
- Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, University College London, London, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, UK
| | - Matilde M. Vaghi
- Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, University College London, London, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, UK
- School of Psychology, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Raymond J. Dolan
- Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, University College London, London, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, UK
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Robb B. Rutledge
- Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, University College London, London, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
He K, Nie L, Ali T, Liu Z, Li W, Gao R, Zhang Z, Liu J, Dai Z, Xie Y, Zhang Z, Liu G, Dong M, Yu ZJ, Li S, Yang X. Adiponectin deficiency accelerates brain aging via mitochondria-associated neuroinflammation. Immun Ageing 2023; 20:15. [PMID: 37005686 PMCID: PMC10067304 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-023-00339-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A wide spectrum of changes occurs in the brain with age, from molecular to morphological aspects, and inflammation accompanied by mitochondria dysfunction is one of the significant factors associated with age. Adiponectin (APN), an essential adipokine in glucose and lipid metabolism, is involved in the aging; however, its role in brain aging has not been adequately explored. Here, we aimed to explore the relationship between APN deficiency and brain aging using multiple biochemical and pharmacological methods to probe APN in humans, KO mice, primary microglia, and BV2 cells. RESULTS We found that declining APN levels in aged human subjects correlated with dysregulated cytokine levels, while APN KO mice exhibited accelerated aging accompanied by learning and memory deficits, anxiety-like behaviors, neuroinflammation, and immunosenescence. APN-deficient mice displayed aggravated mitochondrial dysfunction and HDAC1 upregulation. In BV2 cells, the APN receptor agonist AdipoRon alleviated the mitochondrial deficits and aging markers induced by rotenone or antimycin A. HDAC1 antagonism by Compound 60 (Cpd 60) improved mitochondrial dysfunction and age-related inflammation, as validated in D-galactose-treated APN KO mice. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that APN is a critical regulator of brain aging by preventing neuroinflammation associated with mitochondrial impairment via HDAC1 signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaiwu He
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Shenzhen Medical Key Discipline of Health Toxicology (2020-2024), Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Lulin Nie
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Shenzhen Medical Key Discipline of Health Toxicology (2020-2024), Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Tahir Ali
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zizhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Weifen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Ruyan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zena Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Shenzhen Medical Key Discipline of Health Toxicology (2020-2024), Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Shenzhen Medical Key Discipline of Health Toxicology (2020-2024), Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zhongliang Dai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Engineering Research Center of Anesthesiology, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongmei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zaijun Zhang
- Institute of New Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Gongping Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of China and Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming Dong
- Guangzhou International Bio Island, Guangzhou, 510005, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhi-Jian Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Endogenous Infections, The 6Th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science, Center. No 89, Taoyuan Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518052, China.
| | - Shupeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
- Campbell Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Xifei Yang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Shenzhen Medical Key Discipline of Health Toxicology (2020-2024), Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Physical activity for cognitive health promotion: An overview of the underlying neurobiological mechanisms. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 86:101868. [PMID: 36736379 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Physical activity is one of the modifiable factors of cognitive decline and dementia with the strongest evidence. Although many influential reviews have illustrated the neurobiological mechanisms of the cognitive benefits of physical activity, none of them have linked the neurobiological mechanisms to normal exercise physiology to help the readers gain a more advanced, comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon. In this review, we address this issue and provide a synthesis of the literature by focusing on five most studied neurobiological mechanisms. We show that the body's adaptations to enhance exercise performance also benefit the brain and contribute to improved cognition. Specifically, these adaptations include, 1), the release of growth factors that are essential for the development and growth of neurons and for neurogenesis and angiogenesis, 2), the production of lactate that provides energy to the brain and is involved in the synthesis of glutamate and the maintenance of long-term potentiation, 3), the release of anti-inflammatory cytokines that reduce neuroinflammation, 4), the increase in mitochondrial biogenesis and antioxidant enzyme activity that reduce oxidative stress, and 5), the release of neurotransmitters such as dopamine and 5-HT that regulate neurogenesis and modulate cognition. We also discussed several issues relevant for prescribing physical activity, including what intensity and mode of physical activity brings the most cognitive benefits, based on their influence on the above five neurobiological mechanisms. We hope this review helps readers gain a general understanding of the state-of-the-art knowledge on the neurobiological mechanisms of the cognitive benefits of physical activity and guide them in designing new studies to further advance the field.
Collapse
|
33
|
Morse K, Vander Werff KR. Onset-offset cortical auditory evoked potential amplitude differences indicate auditory cortical hyperactivity and reduced inhibition in people with tinnitus. Clin Neurophysiol 2023; 149:223-233. [PMID: 36963993 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2023.02.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The current study investigates evidence of hypothesized reduced central inhibition and/or increased excitation in individuals with tinnitus by evaluating cortical auditory onset versus offset responses. METHODS Cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEPs) were recorded to the onset and offset of 3-second white noise stimuli in tinnitus and control groups matched in pairs by age, hearing, and sex (n = 26 total). Independent t-tests and 2-way mixed model ANOVA were used to evaluate onset-offset differences in amplitude, area, and latency of CAEP components by group. The predictive influence of tinnitus presence and associated participant characteristics on CAEP outcomes was assessed by multiple regression proportional reduction in error. RESULTS The tinnitus group had significantly larger onset minus offset P2 amplitudes (ΔP2 amplitudes) than control group participants. No other component variables differed significantly. ΔP2 amplitude was best predicted by tinnitus status and not significantly influenced by other variables such as hearing loss or age. CONCLUSIONS Hypothesized reduced central inhibition and/or increased excitation in tinnitus participants was partially supported by a group difference in ΔP2 amplitude. SIGNIFICANCE This was the first study to evaluate CAEP onset minus offset differences to investigate changes in central excitation/inhibition in individuals with tinnitus versus controls in matched groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Morse
- West Virginia University, Division of Communication Sciences and Disorders, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Genetic profile for dopamine signaling predicts brain functional reactivity to repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2023; 273:99-111. [PMID: 35951113 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-022-01436-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Research integrating molecular and imaging data provides important insights into how the genetic profile associated with dopamine signaling influences inter-individual differences in brain functions. However, the effects of genetic variations in dopamine signaling on the heterogeneity of brain changes induced by repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) still remain unclear. The current study examined the composite effects of genetic variations in dopamine-related genes on rTMS-induced brain responses in terms of the functional network connectivity and working memory performance. Healthy individuals (n = 30) participated in a randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled study with a crossover design of five consecutive days where active rTMS or sham stimulation sessions were administered over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) of the brain. Participants were mostly women (n = 29) and genotyped for polymorphisms in the catechol-O-methyltransferase and D2 dopamine receptor genes and categorized according to their genetic composite scores: high vs. low dopamine signaling groups. Pre- and post-intervention data of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging and working memory performance were obtained from 27 individuals with active rTMS and 30 with sham stimulation sessions. The mean functional connectivity within the resting-state networks centered on the DLPFC increased in the high dopamine signaling group. Working memory performance also improved with rTMS in the high dopamine signaling group compared to that in the low dopamine signaling group. The present results suggest that genetic predisposition to higher dopamine signaling may be a promising neurobiological predictor for rTMS effects on cognitive enhancement.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02932085).
Collapse
|
35
|
von Cederwald BF, Johansson J, Riklund K, Karalija N, Boraxbekk CJ. White matter lesion load determines exercise-induced dopaminergic plasticity and working memory gains in aging. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:28. [PMID: 36720847 PMCID: PMC9889313 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-02270-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related dopamine reductions have been suggested to contribute to maladaptive working memory (WM) function in older ages. One promising intervention approach is to increase physical activity, as this has been associated with plasticity of the striatal dopamine system and WM improvements, however with individual differences in efficacy. The present work focused on the impact of individual differences in white-matter lesion burden upon dopamine D2-like receptor (DRD2) availability and WM changes in response to a 6 months physical activity intervention. While the intervention altered striatal DRD2 availability and WM performance in individuals with no or only mild lesions (p < 0.05), no such effects were found in individuals with moderate-to-severe lesion severity (p > 0.05). Follow-up analyses revealed a similar pattern for processing speed, but not for episodic memory performance. Linear analyses further revealed that lesion volume (ml) at baseline was associated with reduced DRD2 availability (r = -0.41, p < 0.05), and level of DRD2 change (r = 0.40, p < 0.05). Taken together, this study underlines the necessity to consider cerebrovascular health in interventions with neurocognitive targets. Future work should assess whether these findings extend beyond measures of DRD2 availability and WM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bryn Farnsworth von Cederwald
- grid.12650.300000 0001 1034 3451Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden ,grid.12650.300000 0001 1034 3451Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jarkko Johansson
- grid.12650.300000 0001 1034 3451Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden ,grid.12650.300000 0001 1034 3451Department of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Katrine Riklund
- grid.12650.300000 0001 1034 3451Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden ,grid.12650.300000 0001 1034 3451Department of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Nina Karalija
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden. .,Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Carl-Johan Boraxbekk
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden. .,Department of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden. .,Danish Research Center for Magnetic Resonance (DRCMR), Center for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Amager and Hvidovre, Copenhagen, Denmark. .,Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen (ISMC) and Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg, Copenhagen, Denmark. .,Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Jeuring HW, D'Angremont E, Tol JMH, Risselada AJ, Sommer IEC, Oude Voshaar RC. The effectiveness of off-label dopamine stimulating agents in depressive disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychiatry Res 2023; 319:115010. [PMID: 36528007 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2022.115010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The chronicity of depressive disorders is a major problem. Dopamine stimulating agents (DSA) are suggested to hold a promising potential in depression management, particularly in older adults, in whom dopamine deficiency due to aging may be an underlying cause. More evidence is needed to support these drugs in the management of depression. Therefore, we conducted a systematic literature review and meta-analysis. Data was extracted from eighteen randomized-controlled-trials and eight open-label-studies. Additional meta-regression-analyses were performed to examine superiority of monotherapy versus augmentation, and to rule out a putative age effect. DSA were found to reduce depressive symptoms (SMD=-0.26, 95%CI[-0.43;-0.10]). Heterogeneity was high and a significant Egger's test indicated publication bias. Adjustment for missing studies, using trim-and-fill-methodology, reduced the effect size (SMD=-0.17, 95%CI[-0.39;0.05]), which lost statistical significance. Removing the outlier study from the analysis, the effect size remained marginally small, but was statistically-significant (SMD=-0.17, 95%CI[-0.31;-0.02]). Neither augmentation nor monotherapy was superior. No age effect was found. It can be concluded that off-label DSA are overall effective in reducing depressive symptoms. However, the evidence is weak, regarding the publication bias, and modest-to-weak treatment effects. Well-designed high-quality trials are highly needed, before dopamine stimulating agents can be adequately positioned in future depression treatment protocols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hans W Jeuring
- University of Groningen, University Center Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, Rob Giel Research Center (RGOc), the Netherlands.
| | - Emile D'Angremont
- University of Groningen, Cognitive Neuroscience Center, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Joey M H Tol
- University of Groningen, University Center Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, Rob Giel Research Center (RGOc), the Netherlands
| | - Arne J Risselada
- Wilhelmina Hospital, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Assen, the Netherlands
| | - Iris E C Sommer
- University of Groningen, University Center Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, Rob Giel Research Center (RGOc), the Netherlands
| | - Richard C Oude Voshaar
- University of Groningen, University Center Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, Rob Giel Research Center (RGOc), the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Longitudinal stability in working memory and frontal activity in relation to general brain maintenance. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20957. [PMID: 36470934 PMCID: PMC9722656 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25503-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive functions are well-preserved for some older individuals, but the underlying brain mechanisms remain disputed. Here, 5-year longitudinal 3-back in-scanner and offline data classified individuals in a healthy older sample (baseline age = 64-68 years) into having stable or declining working-memory (WM). Consistent with a vital role of the prefrontal cortex (PFC), WM stability or decline was related to maintained or reduced longitudinal PFC functional responses. Subsequent analyses of imaging markers of general brain maintenance revealed higher levels in the stable WM group on measures of neurotransmission and vascular health. Also, categorical and continuous analyses showed that rate of WM decline was related to global (ventricles) and local (hippocampus) measures of neuronal integrity. Thus, our findings support a role of the PFC as well as general brain maintenance in explaining heterogeneity in longitudinal WM trajectories in aging.
Collapse
|
38
|
Feng S, Zhang Y, Gao F, Li M, Zhu L, Wen H, Xi Y, Xiang X. Inhibitory Effects of Antipsychotic Chlorpromazine on the Survival, Reproduction and Population Growth Other Than Neurotransmitters of Zooplankton in Light of Global Warming. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16167. [PMID: 36498239 PMCID: PMC9736287 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192316167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Global warming and environmental pollution have created a unique combination of abiotic and biotic stresses to zooplankton. However, little information is available on the effects of antipsychotic drugs commonly used to treat psychosis, such as chlorpromazine (CPZ), on non-target aquatic organisms in light of global warming. This study investigated how dopamine concentrations (DAC), acute toxicity and chronic toxicity of Brachionus calyciflorus changed in response to CPZ and gradually increasing temperatures. The results showed that the concentration range of rotifer DAC was 1.06~2.51 ng/g. At 18, 25 and 32 °C, the 24 h LC50 was 1.795, 1.242 and 0.833 mg/L, respectively. Compared to the control, exposure to CPZ significantly decreased life expectancy at hatching, the net reproduction rate, generation time, population growth rate and dopamine concentration of B. calyciflorus in all three temperatures (p < 0.05). The toxicity of CPZ to rotifers was increased by high temperature. These findings indicated that CPZ is highly toxic to rotifers, displaying high ecological risks to aquatic ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sen Feng
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Yongzhi Zhang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Fan Gao
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Meng Li
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Lingyun Zhu
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Hao Wen
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Yilong Xi
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-Founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Xianling Xiang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-Founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, Wuhu 241002, China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Koch C, Baeuchl C, Glöckner F, Riedel P, Petzold J, Smolka MN, Li SC, Schuck NW. L-DOPA enhances neural direction signals in younger and older adults. Neuroimage 2022; 264:119670. [PMID: 36243268 PMCID: PMC9771830 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies indicate a role of dopamine in spatial navigation. Although neural representations of direction are an important aspect of spatial cognition, it is not well understood whether dopamine directly affects these representations, or only impacts other aspects of spatial brain function. Moreover, both dopamine and spatial cognition decline sharply during age, raising the question which effect dopamine has on directional signals in the brain of older adults. To investigate these questions, we used a double-blind cross-over L-DOPA/Placebo intervention design in which 43 younger and 37 older adults navigated in a virtual spatial environment while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We studied the effect of L-DOPA, a dopamine precursor, on fMRI activation patterns that encode spatial walking directions that have previously been shown to lose specificity with age. This was done in predefined regions of interest, including the early visual cortex, retrosplenial cortex, and hippocampus. Classification of brain activation patterns associated with different walking directions was improved across all regions following L-DOPA administration, suggesting that dopamine broadly enhances neural representations of direction. No evidence for differences between regions was found. In the hippocampus these results were found in both age groups, while in the retrosplenial cortex they were only observed in younger adults. Taken together, our study provides evidence for a link between dopamine and the specificity of neural responses during spatial navigation. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The sense of direction is an important aspect of spatial navigation, and neural representations of direction can be found throughout a large network of space-related brain regions. But what influences how well these representations track someone's true direction? Using a double-blind cross-over L-DOPA/Placebo intervention design, we find causal evidence that the neurotransmitter dopamine impacts the fidelity of direction selective neural representations in the human hippocampus and retrosplenial cortex. Interestingly, the effect of L-DOPA was either equally present or even smaller in older adults, despite the well-known age related decline of dopamine. These results provide novel insights into how dopamine shapes the neural representations that underlie spatial navigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Koch
- Max Planck Research Group NeuroCode, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany; International Max Planck Research School on the Life Course, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Christian Baeuchl
- Faculty of Psychology, Chair of Lifespan Developmental Neuroscience, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Franka Glöckner
- Faculty of Psychology, Chair of Lifespan Developmental Neuroscience, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Philipp Riedel
- Department of Psychiatry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Johannes Petzold
- Department of Psychiatry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael N Smolka
- Department of Psychiatry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Shu-Chen Li
- Faculty of Psychology, Chair of Lifespan Developmental Neuroscience, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Centre for Tactile Internet with Human-in-the-Loop (CeTI), Technische Universität, Dresden, Germany
| | - Nicolas W Schuck
- Max Planck Research Group NeuroCode, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany; Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Aging Research, Berlin, Germany; Institute of Psychology, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Boujelbane MA, Trabelsi K, Jahrami HA, Masmoudi L, Ammar A, Khacharem A, Boukhris O, Puce L, Garbarino S, Scoditti E, Khanfir S, Msaad A, Msaad A, Akrout S, Hakim A, Bragazzi NL, Bryk K, Glenn JM, Chtourou H. Time-restricted feeding and cognitive function in sedentary and physically active elderly individuals: Ramadan diurnal intermittent fasting as a model. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1041216. [DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1041216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the effects of Ramadan diurnal intermittent fasting (RDIF) on cognitive performance, sleep quality, daytime sleepiness, and insomnia in physically active and sedentary elderly individuals.MethodsA total of 58 participants (62.93 ± 3.99 years) were assigned to one of the following two groups: a sedentary group (control group) who observed Ramadan (n = 32) and a physically active group (n = 26) who continued to train while observing Ramadan. Participants were assessed 2 weeks before Ramadan and during the fourth week of Ramadan. On each occasion, participants completed a digital assessment of their cognitive performance and responded to the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), the insomnia severity index (ISI) and the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) questionnaires to assess sleep parameters.ResultsCompared to before Ramadan, performance in executive function (p = 0.035), attention (p = 0.005), inhibition (p = 0.02), associative memory (p = 0.041), and recognition memory (p = 0.025) increased significantly during Ramadan in the physically active group. For the sedentary group, associative learning performance decreased (p = 0.041), whilst performances in the remaining domains remained unchanged during Ramadan. Global PSQI, ISI, and ESS scores indicated both groups suffered from poor sleep quality and excessive daytime sleepiness, with significantly higher negative effects of RDIF observed in the sedentary group.ConclusionOlder adults who continue to train at least three times per week during Ramadan may improve their cognitive performance, despite the impairment of sleep quality. Future studies in older adults during Ramadan including objective measures of sleep (e.g., polysomnography, actigraphy) and brain function (e.g., functional magnetic resonance imaging) are warranted.
Collapse
|
41
|
Molecular Pathways of the Therapeutic Effects of Ayahuasca, a Botanical Psychedelic and Potential Rapid-Acting Antidepressant. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12111618. [DOI: 10.3390/biom12111618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Ayahuasca is a psychoactive brew traditionally used in indigenous and religious rituals and ceremonies in South America for its therapeutic, psychedelic, and entheogenic effects. It is usually prepared by lengthy boiling of the leaves of the bush Psychotria viridis and the mashed stalks of the vine Banisteriopsis caapi in water. The former contains the classical psychedelic N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT), which is thought to be the main psychoactive alkaloid present in the brew. The latter serves as a source for β-carbolines, known for their monoamine oxidase-inhibiting (MAOI) properties. Recent preliminary research has provided encouraging results investigating ayahuasca’s therapeutic potential, especially regarding its antidepressant effects. On a molecular level, pre-clinical and clinical evidence points to a complex pharmacological profile conveyed by the brew, including modulation of serotoninergic, glutamatergic, dopaminergic, and endocannabinoid systems. Its substances also interact with the vesicular monoamine transporter (VMAT), trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1), and sigma-1 receptors. Furthermore, ayahuasca’s components also seem to modulate levels of inflammatory and neurotrophic factors beneficially. On a biological level, this translates into neuroprotective and neuroplastic effects. Here we review the current knowledge regarding these molecular interactions and how they relate to the possible antidepressant effects ayahuasca seems to produce.
Collapse
|
42
|
Yang W, Guo A, Yao H, Yang X, Li Z, Li S, Chen J, Ren Y, Yang J, Wu J, Zhang Z. Effect of aging on audiovisual integration: Comparison of high- and low-intensity conditions in a speech discrimination task. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:1010060. [DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1010060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Audiovisual integration is an essential process that influences speech perception in conversation. However, it is still debated whether older individuals benefit more from audiovisual integration than younger individuals. This ambiguity is likely due to stimulus features, such as stimulus intensity. The purpose of the current study was to explore the effect of aging on audiovisual integration, using event-related potentials (ERPs) at different stimulus intensities. The results showed greater audiovisual integration in older adults at 320–360 ms. Conversely, at 460–500 ms, older adults displayed attenuated audiovisual integration in the frontal, fronto-central, central, and centro-parietal regions compared to younger adults. In addition, we found older adults had greater audiovisual integration at 200–230 ms under the low-intensity condition compared to the high-intensity condition, suggesting inverse effectiveness occurred. However, inverse effectiveness was not found in younger adults. Taken together, the results suggested that there was age-related dissociation in audiovisual integration and inverse effectiveness, indicating that the neural mechanisms underlying audiovisual integration differed between older adults and younger adults.
Collapse
|
43
|
da Silva L, Chaves A, Casadevall M, de Azevedo O, Macêdo D, de Vasconcelos P. Ad libitum consumption of milk supplemented with omega 3, 6, and 9 oils from infancy to middle age alters behavioral and oxidative outcomes in male mice. Braz J Med Biol Res 2022; 55:e12195. [PMID: 36259798 PMCID: PMC9578697 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2022e12195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We tested the hypothesis that administration of omega (ω)-9, ω-3, and ω-6 to mice can prevent oxidative alterations responsible for behavioral and cognitive alterations related with aging. Twenty-eight-day-old mice received skim milk (SM group), SM enriched with omega oil mixture (EM group), or water (control group) for 10 and 14 months, equivalent to middle age. Mice were evaluated for behavioral alterations related to depression and memory and oxidative status [brain levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), reduced glutathione (GSH), and myeloperoxidase (MPO)]. The 10-month EM group increased immobility time during the forced swimming test compared with control, indicating increased stress response. The 14-month SM- and EM-treated groups increased sucrose consumption compared with control, showing an expanded motivational state. The 14-month SM group decreased the number of rearings compared with the 14-month control and EM groups. The number of entries and time spent in the central square of the open field was higher in the 10-month EM group than in the control, revealing an anxiolytic-like behavior. TBARS decreased in the hippocampus and striatum of the 10-month EM group compared with the control. A similar decrease was observed in the striatum of the 10-month SM group. GSH levels were higher in all 14-month treated groups compared with 10-month groups. MPO activity was higher in the 14-month EM group compared with the 14-month control and SM groups, revealing a possible pro-inflammatory status. In conclusion, omega oils induced conflicting alterations in middle-aged mice, contributing to enhanced behavior and anxiolytic and expanded motivational state, but also to increased stress response and pro-inflammatory alterations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L.B. da Silva
- Laboratório de Cirurgia Experimental, Departamento de Ciências Médicas Cirúrgicas, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - A.J.M. Chaves
- Núcleo de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Medicamentos, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Laboratório de Neuropsicofarmacologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - M.Q.F.C. Casadevall
- Laboratório de Cirurgia Experimental, Departamento de Ciências Médicas Cirúrgicas, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - O.G.R. de Azevedo
- Laboratório de Cirurgia Experimental, Departamento de Ciências Médicas Cirúrgicas, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - D.S. Macêdo
- Núcleo de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Medicamentos, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Laboratório de Neuropsicofarmacologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil,Instituto Nacional de Medicina Translacional, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - P.R.L. de Vasconcelos
- Laboratório de Cirurgia Experimental, Departamento de Ciências Médicas Cirúrgicas, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Effects of exploring a novel environment on memory across the lifespan. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16631. [PMID: 36198743 PMCID: PMC9533976 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20562-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Exploration of a novel environment has been shown to promote memory formation in healthy adults. Studies in animals have suggested that such novelty-induced memory boosts are mediated by hippocampal dopamine. The dopaminergic system is known to develop and deteriorate over the lifespan, but so far, the effects of novelty on memory across the lifespan have not yet been investigated. In the current study, we had children, adolescents, younger, and older adults (n = 439) explore novel and previously familiarized virtual environments to pinpoint the effects of spatial novelty on declarative memory in humans across different age groups. After exploration, words were presented while participants performed a deep or shallow encoding task. Incidental memory was quantified in a surprise test. Results showed that participants in the deep encoding condition remembered more words than those in the shallow condition, while novelty did not influence this effect. Interestingly, however, children, adolescents and younger adults benefitted from exploring a novel compared to a familiar environment as evidenced by better word recall, while these effects were absent in older adults. Our findings suggest that the beneficial effects of novelty on memory follow the deterioration of neural pathways involved in novelty-related processes across the lifespan.
Collapse
|
45
|
Lau ZJ, Pham T, Chen SHA, Makowski D. Brain entropy, fractal dimensions and predictability: A review of complexity measures for EEG in healthy and neuropsychiatric populations. Eur J Neurosci 2022; 56:5047-5069. [PMID: 35985344 PMCID: PMC9826422 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
There has been an increasing trend towards the use of complexity analysis in quantifying neural activity measured by electroencephalography (EEG) signals. On top of revealing complex neuronal processes of the brain that may not be possible with linear approaches, EEG complexity measures have also demonstrated their potential as biomarkers of psychopathology such as depression and schizophrenia. Unfortunately, the opacity of algorithms and descriptions originating from mathematical concepts have made it difficult to understand what complexity is and how to draw consistent conclusions when applied within psychology and neuropsychiatry research. In this review, we provide an overview and entry-level explanation of existing EEG complexity measures, which can be broadly categorized as measures of predictability and regularity. We then synthesize complexity findings across different areas of psychological science, namely, in consciousness research, mood and anxiety disorders, schizophrenia, neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders, as well as changes across the lifespan, while addressing some theoretical and methodological issues underlying the discrepancies in the data. Finally, we present important considerations when choosing and interpreting these metrics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zen J. Lau
- School of Social SciencesNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore
| | - Tam Pham
- School of Social SciencesNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore
| | - S. H. Annabel Chen
- School of Social SciencesNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore,Centre for Research and Development in LearningNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore,Lee Kong Chian School of MedicineNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore,National Institute of EducationNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore
| | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease associated with cognitive decline. Memory problems are typically among the first signs of cognitive impairment in AD, and they worsen considerably as the disease progresses. However, musical memory is partially spared in patients with AD, despite severe deficits in episodic (and partly semantic) memory. AD patients can learn new songs, encode novel verbal information, and react emotionally to music. These effects of music have encouraged the use and development of music therapy (MT) for AD management. MT is easy to implement and well-tolerated by most patients and their caregivers. Effects of MT in patients with AD include improved mood, reduced depressive scores and trait anxiety, enhanced autobiographical recall, verbal fluency, and cognition. Here, we review musical memory in AD, therapeutic effects of studies using MT on AD, and potential mechanisms underlying those therapeutic effects. We argue that, because AD begins decades before the presentation of clinical symptoms, music interventions might be a promising means to delay and decelerate the neurodegeneration in individuals at risk for AD, such as individuals with genetic risk or subjective cognitive decline.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefan Koelsch
- Department of Biological and Medical PsychologyUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Karalija N, Johansson J, Papenberg G, Wåhlin A, Salami A, Köhncke Y, Brandmaier AM, Andersson M, Axelsson J, Riklund K, Lövdén M, Lindenberger U, Bäckman L, Nyberg L. Longitudinal Dopamine D2 Receptor Changes and Cerebrovascular Health in Aging. Neurology 2022; 99:e1278-e1289. [PMID: 35790424 PMCID: PMC9576296 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000200891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Cross-sectional studies suggest marked dopamine (DA) decline in aging, but longitudinal evidence is lacking. The aim of this study was to estimate within-person decline rates for DA D2-like receptors (DRD2) in aging and examine factors that may contribute to individual differences in DRD2 decline rates. METHODS We investigated 5-year within-person changes in DRD2 availability in a sample of older adults. At both occasions, PET with 11C-raclopride and MRI were used to measure DRD2 availability in conjunction with structural and vascular brain integrity. RESULTS Longitudinal analyses of the sample (baseline: n = 181, ages: 64-68 years, 100 men and 81 women; 5-year follow-up: n = 129, 69 men and 60 women) revealed aging-related striatal and extrastriatal DRD2 decline, along with marked individual differences in rates of change. Notably, the magnitude of striatal DRD2 decline was ∼50% of past cross-sectional estimates, suggesting that the DRD2 decline rate has been overestimated in past cross-sectional studies. Significant DRD2 reductions were also observed in select extrastriatal regions, including hippocampus, orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Distinct profiles of correlated DRD2 changes were found across several associative regions (ACC, dorsal striatum, and hippocampus) and in the reward circuit (nucleus accumbens and OFC). DRD2 losses in associative regions were associated with white matter lesion progression, whereas DRD2 losses in limbic regions were related to reduced cortical perfusion. DISCUSSION These findings provide the first longitudinal evidence for individual and region-specific differences of DRD2 decline in older age and support the hypothesis that cerebrovascular factors are linked to age-related dopaminergic decline.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nina Karalija
- From the Departments of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology (N.K., J.J., K.R., L.N.) and Radiation Physics (A.W., J.A.), Department of Applied Physics and Electronics (A.W.), and Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI) (N.K., J.J., A.W., A.S., M.A., J.A., K.R., L.N.), Umeå University; Aging Research Center (G.P., A.S., L.B.), Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm University; Department of Integrative Medical Biology (A.S., M.A., L.N.), and Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine (A.S., L.N.), Umeå University, Sweden; Center for Lifespan Psychology (Y.K., A.M.B., U.L.), Max Planck Institute for Human Development; Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research (A.M.B., U.L.), Berlin, Germany and London, UK; and Department of Psychology (M.L.), University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Jarkko Johansson
- From the Departments of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology (N.K., J.J., K.R., L.N.) and Radiation Physics (A.W., J.A.), Department of Applied Physics and Electronics (A.W.), and Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI) (N.K., J.J., A.W., A.S., M.A., J.A., K.R., L.N.), Umeå University; Aging Research Center (G.P., A.S., L.B.), Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm University; Department of Integrative Medical Biology (A.S., M.A., L.N.), and Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine (A.S., L.N.), Umeå University, Sweden; Center for Lifespan Psychology (Y.K., A.M.B., U.L.), Max Planck Institute for Human Development; Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research (A.M.B., U.L.), Berlin, Germany and London, UK; and Department of Psychology (M.L.), University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Goran Papenberg
- From the Departments of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology (N.K., J.J., K.R., L.N.) and Radiation Physics (A.W., J.A.), Department of Applied Physics and Electronics (A.W.), and Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI) (N.K., J.J., A.W., A.S., M.A., J.A., K.R., L.N.), Umeå University; Aging Research Center (G.P., A.S., L.B.), Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm University; Department of Integrative Medical Biology (A.S., M.A., L.N.), and Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine (A.S., L.N.), Umeå University, Sweden; Center for Lifespan Psychology (Y.K., A.M.B., U.L.), Max Planck Institute for Human Development; Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research (A.M.B., U.L.), Berlin, Germany and London, UK; and Department of Psychology (M.L.), University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anders Wåhlin
- From the Departments of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology (N.K., J.J., K.R., L.N.) and Radiation Physics (A.W., J.A.), Department of Applied Physics and Electronics (A.W.), and Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI) (N.K., J.J., A.W., A.S., M.A., J.A., K.R., L.N.), Umeå University; Aging Research Center (G.P., A.S., L.B.), Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm University; Department of Integrative Medical Biology (A.S., M.A., L.N.), and Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine (A.S., L.N.), Umeå University, Sweden; Center for Lifespan Psychology (Y.K., A.M.B., U.L.), Max Planck Institute for Human Development; Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research (A.M.B., U.L.), Berlin, Germany and London, UK; and Department of Psychology (M.L.), University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Alireza Salami
- From the Departments of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology (N.K., J.J., K.R., L.N.) and Radiation Physics (A.W., J.A.), Department of Applied Physics and Electronics (A.W.), and Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI) (N.K., J.J., A.W., A.S., M.A., J.A., K.R., L.N.), Umeå University; Aging Research Center (G.P., A.S., L.B.), Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm University; Department of Integrative Medical Biology (A.S., M.A., L.N.), and Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine (A.S., L.N.), Umeå University, Sweden; Center for Lifespan Psychology (Y.K., A.M.B., U.L.), Max Planck Institute for Human Development; Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research (A.M.B., U.L.), Berlin, Germany and London, UK; and Department of Psychology (M.L.), University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ylva Köhncke
- From the Departments of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology (N.K., J.J., K.R., L.N.) and Radiation Physics (A.W., J.A.), Department of Applied Physics and Electronics (A.W.), and Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI) (N.K., J.J., A.W., A.S., M.A., J.A., K.R., L.N.), Umeå University; Aging Research Center (G.P., A.S., L.B.), Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm University; Department of Integrative Medical Biology (A.S., M.A., L.N.), and Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine (A.S., L.N.), Umeå University, Sweden; Center for Lifespan Psychology (Y.K., A.M.B., U.L.), Max Planck Institute for Human Development; Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research (A.M.B., U.L.), Berlin, Germany and London, UK; and Department of Psychology (M.L.), University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Andreas M Brandmaier
- From the Departments of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology (N.K., J.J., K.R., L.N.) and Radiation Physics (A.W., J.A.), Department of Applied Physics and Electronics (A.W.), and Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI) (N.K., J.J., A.W., A.S., M.A., J.A., K.R., L.N.), Umeå University; Aging Research Center (G.P., A.S., L.B.), Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm University; Department of Integrative Medical Biology (A.S., M.A., L.N.), and Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine (A.S., L.N.), Umeå University, Sweden; Center for Lifespan Psychology (Y.K., A.M.B., U.L.), Max Planck Institute for Human Development; Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research (A.M.B., U.L.), Berlin, Germany and London, UK; and Department of Psychology (M.L.), University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Micael Andersson
- From the Departments of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology (N.K., J.J., K.R., L.N.) and Radiation Physics (A.W., J.A.), Department of Applied Physics and Electronics (A.W.), and Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI) (N.K., J.J., A.W., A.S., M.A., J.A., K.R., L.N.), Umeå University; Aging Research Center (G.P., A.S., L.B.), Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm University; Department of Integrative Medical Biology (A.S., M.A., L.N.), and Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine (A.S., L.N.), Umeå University, Sweden; Center for Lifespan Psychology (Y.K., A.M.B., U.L.), Max Planck Institute for Human Development; Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research (A.M.B., U.L.), Berlin, Germany and London, UK; and Department of Psychology (M.L.), University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jan Axelsson
- From the Departments of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology (N.K., J.J., K.R., L.N.) and Radiation Physics (A.W., J.A.), Department of Applied Physics and Electronics (A.W.), and Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI) (N.K., J.J., A.W., A.S., M.A., J.A., K.R., L.N.), Umeå University; Aging Research Center (G.P., A.S., L.B.), Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm University; Department of Integrative Medical Biology (A.S., M.A., L.N.), and Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine (A.S., L.N.), Umeå University, Sweden; Center for Lifespan Psychology (Y.K., A.M.B., U.L.), Max Planck Institute for Human Development; Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research (A.M.B., U.L.), Berlin, Germany and London, UK; and Department of Psychology (M.L.), University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Katrine Riklund
- From the Departments of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology (N.K., J.J., K.R., L.N.) and Radiation Physics (A.W., J.A.), Department of Applied Physics and Electronics (A.W.), and Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI) (N.K., J.J., A.W., A.S., M.A., J.A., K.R., L.N.), Umeå University; Aging Research Center (G.P., A.S., L.B.), Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm University; Department of Integrative Medical Biology (A.S., M.A., L.N.), and Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine (A.S., L.N.), Umeå University, Sweden; Center for Lifespan Psychology (Y.K., A.M.B., U.L.), Max Planck Institute for Human Development; Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research (A.M.B., U.L.), Berlin, Germany and London, UK; and Department of Psychology (M.L.), University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Martin Lövdén
- From the Departments of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology (N.K., J.J., K.R., L.N.) and Radiation Physics (A.W., J.A.), Department of Applied Physics and Electronics (A.W.), and Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI) (N.K., J.J., A.W., A.S., M.A., J.A., K.R., L.N.), Umeå University; Aging Research Center (G.P., A.S., L.B.), Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm University; Department of Integrative Medical Biology (A.S., M.A., L.N.), and Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine (A.S., L.N.), Umeå University, Sweden; Center for Lifespan Psychology (Y.K., A.M.B., U.L.), Max Planck Institute for Human Development; Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research (A.M.B., U.L.), Berlin, Germany and London, UK; and Department of Psychology (M.L.), University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ulman Lindenberger
- From the Departments of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology (N.K., J.J., K.R., L.N.) and Radiation Physics (A.W., J.A.), Department of Applied Physics and Electronics (A.W.), and Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI) (N.K., J.J., A.W., A.S., M.A., J.A., K.R., L.N.), Umeå University; Aging Research Center (G.P., A.S., L.B.), Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm University; Department of Integrative Medical Biology (A.S., M.A., L.N.), and Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine (A.S., L.N.), Umeå University, Sweden; Center for Lifespan Psychology (Y.K., A.M.B., U.L.), Max Planck Institute for Human Development; Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research (A.M.B., U.L.), Berlin, Germany and London, UK; and Department of Psychology (M.L.), University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lars Bäckman
- From the Departments of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology (N.K., J.J., K.R., L.N.) and Radiation Physics (A.W., J.A.), Department of Applied Physics and Electronics (A.W.), and Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI) (N.K., J.J., A.W., A.S., M.A., J.A., K.R., L.N.), Umeå University; Aging Research Center (G.P., A.S., L.B.), Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm University; Department of Integrative Medical Biology (A.S., M.A., L.N.), and Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine (A.S., L.N.), Umeå University, Sweden; Center for Lifespan Psychology (Y.K., A.M.B., U.L.), Max Planck Institute for Human Development; Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research (A.M.B., U.L.), Berlin, Germany and London, UK; and Department of Psychology (M.L.), University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lars Nyberg
- From the Departments of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology (N.K., J.J., K.R., L.N.) and Radiation Physics (A.W., J.A.), Department of Applied Physics and Electronics (A.W.), and Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI) (N.K., J.J., A.W., A.S., M.A., J.A., K.R., L.N.), Umeå University; Aging Research Center (G.P., A.S., L.B.), Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm University; Department of Integrative Medical Biology (A.S., M.A., L.N.), and Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine (A.S., L.N.), Umeå University, Sweden; Center for Lifespan Psychology (Y.K., A.M.B., U.L.), Max Planck Institute for Human Development; Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research (A.M.B., U.L.), Berlin, Germany and London, UK; and Department of Psychology (M.L.), University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Longitudinal changes in auditory and reward systems following receptive music-based intervention in older adults. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11517. [PMID: 35798784 PMCID: PMC9261172 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15687-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Listening to pleasurable music is known to engage the brain’s reward system. This has motivated many cognitive-behavioral interventions for healthy aging, but little is known about the effects of music-based intervention (MBI) on activity and connectivity of the brain’s auditory and reward systems. Here we show preliminary evidence that brain network connectivity can change after receptive MBI in cognitively unimpaired older adults. Using a combination of whole-brain regression, seed-based connectivity analysis, and representational similarity analysis (RSA), we examined fMRI responses during music listening in older adults before and after an 8-week personalized MBI. Participants rated self-selected and researcher-selected musical excerpts on liking and familiarity. Parametric effects of liking, familiarity, and selection showed simultaneous activation in auditory, reward, and default mode network (DMN) areas. Functional connectivity within and between auditory and reward networks was modulated by participant liking and familiarity ratings. RSA showed significant representations of selection and novelty at both time-points, and an increase in striatal representation of musical stimuli following intervention. An exploratory seed-based connectivity analysis comparing pre- and post-intervention showed significant increase in functional connectivity between auditory regions and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Taken together, results show how regular music listening can provide an auditory channel towards the mPFC, thus offering a potential neural mechanism for MBI supporting healthy aging.
Collapse
|
49
|
Role of Dopamine Transporter in the Relationship Between Plasma Cortisol and Cognition. Psychosom Med 2022; 84:685-694. [PMID: 35472074 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000001089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cortisol is associated with cognition in both healthy individuals and patients with neuropsychiatric disorders. Regarding the effects of cortisol on the dopamine system and the association between dopamine transporter (DAT) and cognition, DAT might be a central target linking cortisol and cognition. This study explored the role of striatal DAT in the cortisol-cognition relationship. METHODS We recruited 33 patients with carbon monoxide poisoning and 33 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. All participants underwent cognitive assessments of attention, memory, and executive function. Single-photon emission computed tomography with 99mTc-TRODAT was used to determine striatal DAT availability. Plasma cortisol, tumor necrosis factor α, and interleukin-10 levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. RESULTS Compared with healthy controls, patients with carbon monoxide poisoning had lower cognitive performance, bilateral striatal DAT availability, and plasma tumor necrosis factor-α levels and higher cortisol and interleukin-10 levels. In all participants, plasma cortisol level and bilateral striatal DAT availability were negatively and positively related to cognition, respectively, including memory and executive function with β from -0.361 (95% confidence interval [CI] = -0.633 to -0.090) to 0.588 (95% CI = 0.319 to 0.858). Moreover, bilateral striatal DAT mediated the cortisol-cognition relationship with indirect effects from -0.067 (95% CI = -0.179 to -0.001) to -0.135 (95% CI = -0.295 to -0.024). The cytokine levels did not influence the mediation effects. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to demonstrate that striatal DAT mediates the cortisol-cognition relationship. Future studies are needed to comprehensively evaluate the role of the dopamine system in cortisol-cognition associations and treatment implications.
Collapse
|
50
|
Bernard JA. Don't forget the little brain: A framework for incorporating the cerebellum into the understanding of cognitive aging. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 137:104639. [PMID: 35346747 PMCID: PMC9119942 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
With the rapidly growing population of older adults, an improved understanding of brain and cognitive aging is critical, given the impacts on health, independence, and quality of life. To this point, we have a well-developed literature on the cortical contributions to cognition in advanced age. However, while this work has been foundational for our understanding of brain and behavior in older adults, subcortical contributions, particularly those from the cerebellum, have not been integrated into these models and frameworks. Incorporating the cerebellum into models of cognitive aging is an important step for moving the field forward. There has also been recent interest in this structure in Alzheimer's dementia, indicating that such work may be beneficial to our understanding of neurodegenerative disease. Here, I provide an updated overview of the cerebellum in advanced age and propose that it serves as a critical source of scaffolding or reserve for cortical function. Age-related impacts on cerebellar function further impact cortical processing, perhaps resulting in many of the activation patterns commonly seen in aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A Bernard
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, USA; Texas A&M Institute for Neuroscience, Texas A&M University, USA.
| |
Collapse
|