1
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Qin Y, Xu W, Li K, Luo Q, Chen X, Wang Y, Chen L, Sha S. Repeated inhibition of sigma-1 receptor suppresses GABAA receptor expression and long-term depression in the nucleus accumbens leading to depressive-like behaviors. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:959224. [PMID: 36245919 PMCID: PMC9563353 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.959224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Sigma-1 receptor (σ1R) downregulation in male mice is known to cause a depressive-like phenotype. The nucleus accumbens (NAc), a region associated with affective regulation, has high levels of σ1R. Here, we investigated the effect of repeated inhibition of σ1R in the NAc on depressive-like behaviors and synaptic plasticity by microinjecting σ1R antagonist NE-100 into NAc nuclei in mice (NE-100 mice); this was followed by behavioral tests and field potentials recordings. We first examined the effect of NE-100 administration on σ1R expression and found that cell surface levels of σ1R were significantly reduced in the NAc of NE-100 mice. Compared to control mice, NE-100 mice exhibited significantly prolonged immobility in forced swim test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST), impaired long-term depression (LTD) as well as multi-spike waveform field excitatory postsynaptic potential (fEPSP) with an extended duration and an increased paired-pulse ratio (PPR). Reduced levels of GABAA receptor (GABAAR)-α1, -α2, -β2, and -β3 subunits, membrane D2R, and PKC phosphorylation in the NAc were observed in NE-100 mice. Activation of GABAAR by muscimol corrected the extended fEPSP duration and increased PPR, restored LTD maintenance as well as alleviated depressive-like behaviors in NE-100 mice. The decline of PKC phosphorylation in the NAc of NE-100 mice was corrected by injecting NAc with quinpirole, a D2R agonist. Injections of quinpirole or PMA (a PKC activator) into NAc of NE-100 mice rescued the expression levels of GABAAR, and alleviated the increase in PPR and impairment in LTD; these effects were sensitive to GF109203X, a PKC inhibitor. Furthermore, injecting NAc with quinpirole or PMA relieved depressive-like behaviors in NE-100 mice. Collectively, these results indicate that repeated inhibition of σ1R in the NAc reduces D2R-mediated PKC phosphorylation and suppresses GABAAR expression, thus impairing LTD maintenance and leading to depressive-like behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Lei Chen
- *Correspondence: Sha Sha Lei Chen
| | - Sha Sha
- *Correspondence: Sha Sha Lei Chen
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2
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Chronic N-Acetylcysteine Treatment Prevents Amphetamine-Induced Hyperactivity in Heterozygous Disc1 Mutant Mice, a Putative Prodromal Schizophrenia Animal Model. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169419. [PMID: 36012679 PMCID: PMC9408838 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Symptoms of schizophrenia (SZ) typically emerge during adolescence to young adulthood, which gives a window before full-blown psychosis for early intervention. Strategies for preventing the conversion from the prodromal phase to the psychotic phase are warranted. Heterozygous (Het) Disc1 mutant mice are considered a prodromal model of SZ, suitable for studying psychotic conversion. We evaluated the preventive effect of chronic N-acetylcysteine (NAC) administration, covering the prenatal era to adulthood, on the reaction following the Amph challenge, which mimics the outbreak or conversion of psychosis, in adult Het Disc1 mice. Biochemical and morphological features were examined in the striatum of NAC-treated mice. Chronic NAC treatment normalized the Amph-induced activity in the Het Disc1 mice. Furthermore, the striatal phenotypes of Het Disc1 mice were rescued by NAC including dopamine receptors, the expression of GSK3s, MSN dendritic impairments, and striatal PV density. The current study demonstrated a potent preventive effect of chronic NAC treatment in Disc1 Het mice on the acute Amph test, which mimics the outbreak of psychosis. Our findings not only support the benefit of NAC as a dietary supplement for SZ prodromes, but also advance our knowledge of striatal dopamine receptors, PV neurons, and GSK3 signaling pathways as therapeutic targets for treating or preventing the pathogenesis of mental disorders.
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3
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Limanaqi F, Busceti CL, Celli R, Biagioni F, Fornai F. Autophagy as a gateway for the effects of methamphetamine: From neurotransmitter release and synaptic plasticity to psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. Prog Neurobiol 2021; 204:102112. [PMID: 34171442 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2021.102112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
As a major eukaryotic cell clearing machinery, autophagy grants cell proteostasis, which is key for neurotransmitter release, synaptic plasticity, and neuronal survival. In line with this, besides neuropathological events, autophagy dysfunctions are bound to synaptic alterations that occur in mental disorders, and early on, in neurodegenerative diseases. This is also the case of methamphetamine (METH) abuse, which leads to psychiatric disturbances and neurotoxicity. While consistently altering the autophagy machinery, METH produces behavioral and neurotoxic effects through molecular and biochemical events that can be recapitulated by autophagy blockade. These consist of altered physiological dopamine (DA) release, abnormal stimulation of DA and glutamate receptors, as well as oxidative, excitotoxic, and neuroinflammatory events. Recent molecular insights suggest that METH early impairs the autophagy machinery, though its functional significance remains to be investigated. Here we discuss evidence suggesting that alterations of DA transmission and autophagy are intermingled within a chain of events underlying behavioral alterations and neurodegenerative phenomena produced by METH. Understanding how METH alters the autophagy machinery is expected to provide novel insights into the neurobiology of METH addiction sharing some features with psychiatric disorders and parkinsonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Limanaqi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma, 55, 56126, Pisa, PI, Italy
| | | | - Roberta Celli
- IRCCS Neuromed, Via Atinense 18, 86077 Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Fornai
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma, 55, 56126, Pisa, PI, Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Via Atinense 18, 86077 Pozzilli, IS, Italy.
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4
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Reduced Firing of Nucleus Accumbens Parvalbumin Interneurons Impairs Risk Avoidance in DISC1 Transgenic Mice. Neurosci Bull 2021; 37:1325-1338. [PMID: 34143365 PMCID: PMC8423984 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-021-00731-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A strong animal survival instinct is to approach objects and situations that are of benefit and to avoid risk. In humans, a large proportion of mental disorders are accompanied by impairments in risk avoidance. One of the most important genes involved in mental disorders is disrupted-in-schizophrenia-1 (DISC1), and animal models in which this gene has some level of dysfunction show emotion-related impairments. However, it is not known whether DISC1 mouse models have an impairment in avoiding potential risks. In the present study, we used DISC1-N terminal truncation (DISC1-NTM) mice to investigate risk avoidance and found that these mice were impaired in risk avoidance on the elevated plus maze (EPM) and showed reduced social preference in a three-chamber social interaction test. Following EPM tests, c-Fos expression levels indicated that the nucleus accumbens (NAc) was associated with risk-avoidance behavior in DISC1-NTM mice. In addition, in vivo electrophysiological recordings following tamoxifen administration showed that the firing rates of fast-spiking neurons (FS) in the NAc were significantly lower in DISC1-NTM mice than in wild-type (WT) mice. In addition, in vitro patch clamp recording revealed that the frequency of action potentials stimulated by current injection was lower in parvalbumin (PV) neurons in the NAc of DISC1-NTM mice than in WT controls. The impairment of risk avoidance in DISC1-NTM mice was rescued using optogenetic tools that activated NAcPV neurons. Finally, inhibition of the activity of NAcPV neurons in PV-Cre mice mimicked the risk-avoidance impairment found in DISC1-NTM mice during tests on the elevated zero maze. Taken together, our findings confirm an impairment in risk avoidance in DISC1-NTM mice and suggest that reduced excitability of NAcPV neurons is responsible.
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5
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Mamashli F, Kozhemiako N, Khan S, Nunes AS, McGuiggan NM, Losh A, Joseph RM, Ahveninen J, Doesburg SM, Hämäläinen MS, Kenet T. Children with autism spectrum disorder show altered functional connectivity and abnormal maturation trajectories in response to inverted faces. Autism Res 2021; 14:1101-1114. [PMID: 33709531 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The processing of information conveyed by faces is a critical component of social communication. While the neurophysiology of processing upright faces has been studied extensively in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), less is known about the neurophysiological abnormalities associated with processing inverted faces in ASD. We used magnetoencephalography (MEG) to study both long-range and local functional connectivity, with the latter assessed using local cross-frequency coupling, in response to inverted faces stimuli, in 7-18 years old individuals with ASD and age and IQ matched typically developing (TD) individuals. We found abnormally reduced coupling between the phase of the alpha rhythm and the amplitude of the gamma rhythm in the fusiform face area (FFA) in response to inverted faces, as well as reduced long-range functional connectivity between the FFA and the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) in response to inverted faces in the ASD group. These group differences were absent in response to upright faces. The magnitude of functional connectivity between the FFA and the IFG was significantly correlated with the severity of ASD, and FFA-IFG long-range functional connectivity increased with age in TD group, but not in the ASD group. Our findings suggest that both local and long-range functional connectivity are abnormally reduced in children with ASD when processing inverted faces, and that the pattern of abnormalities associated with the processing of inverted faces differs from the pattern of upright faces in ASD, likely due to the presumed greater reliance on top-down regulations necessary for efficient processing of inverted faces. LAY SUMMARY: We found alterations in the neurophysiological responses to inverted faces in children with ASD, that were not reflected in the evoked responses, and were not observed in the responses to upright faces. These alterations included reduced local functional connectivity in the fusiform face area (FFA), and decreased long-range alpha-band modulated functional connectivity between the FFA and the left IFG. The magnitude of long-range functional connectivity between the FFA and the inferior frontal gyrus was correlated with the severity of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Mamashli
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, MGH/HST, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Radiology, MGH, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nataliia Kozhemiako
- Department of Neurology, MGH, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sheraz Khan
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, MGH/HST, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Radiology, MGH, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Adonay S Nunes
- Department of Neurology, MGH, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Nicole M McGuiggan
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, MGH/HST, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ainsley Losh
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, MGH/HST, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Neurology, MGH, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Robert M Joseph
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jyrki Ahveninen
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, MGH/HST, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Radiology, MGH, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sam M Doesburg
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience Institute, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Matti S Hämäläinen
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, MGH/HST, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Radiology, MGH, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tal Kenet
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, MGH/HST, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Neurology, MGH, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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6
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Takeuchi Y, Berényi A. Oscillotherapeutics - Time-targeted interventions in epilepsy and beyond. Neurosci Res 2020; 152:87-107. [PMID: 31954733 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2020.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Oscillatory brain activities support many physiological functions from motor control to cognition. Disruptions of the normal oscillatory brain activities are commonly observed in neurological and psychiatric disorders including epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, anxiety/trauma-related disorders, major depressive disorders, and drug addiction. Therefore, these disorders can be considered as common oscillation defects despite having distinct behavioral manifestations and genetic causes. Recent technical advances of neuronal activity recording and analysis have allowed us to study the pathological oscillations of each disorder as a possible biomarker of symptoms. Furthermore, recent advances in brain stimulation technologies enable time- and space-targeted interventions of the pathological oscillations of both neurological disorders and psychiatric disorders as possible targets for regulating their symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Takeuchi
- MTA-SZTE 'Momentum' Oscillatory Neuronal Networks Research Group, Department of Physiology, University of Szeged, Szeged, 6720, Hungary; Department of Neuropharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan.
| | - Antal Berényi
- MTA-SZTE 'Momentum' Oscillatory Neuronal Networks Research Group, Department of Physiology, University of Szeged, Szeged, 6720, Hungary; HCEMM-SZTE Magnetotherapeutics Research Group, University of Szeged, Szeged, 6720, Hungary; Neuroscience Institute, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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7
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Baskaran R, Lai C, Li W, Tuan L, Wang C, Lee LJ, Liu C, Hwu H, Lee L. Characterization of striatal phenotypes in heterozygous
Disc1
mutant mice, a model of haploinsufficiency. J Comp Neurol 2019; 528:1157-1172. [DOI: 10.1002/cne.24813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rathinasamy Baskaran
- Graduate Institute of Anatomy and Cell BiologyNational Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan ROC
| | - Chuan‐Ching Lai
- Graduate Institute of Anatomy and Cell BiologyNational Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan ROC
| | - Wai‐Yu Li
- Graduate Institute of Anatomy and Cell BiologyNational Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan ROC
| | - Li‐Heng Tuan
- Graduate Institute of Anatomy and Cell BiologyNational Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan ROC
| | - Chia‐Chuan Wang
- School of MedicineFu Jen Catholic University New Taipei Taiwan ROC
| | - Lukas J.‐H. Lee
- Division of Environmental Health and Occupational MedicineNational Health Research Institutes Miaoli Taiwan ROC
| | - Chih‐Min Liu
- Department of PsychiatryNational Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine Taipei Taiwan ROC
- Neurobiology and Cognitive Science CenterNational Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan ROC
| | - Hai‐Gwo Hwu
- Department of PsychiatryNational Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine Taipei Taiwan ROC
- Neurobiology and Cognitive Science CenterNational Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan ROC
- Institute of Brain and Mind SciencesNational Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan ROC
| | - Li‐Jen Lee
- Graduate Institute of Anatomy and Cell BiologyNational Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan ROC
- Department of PsychiatryNational Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine Taipei Taiwan ROC
- Neurobiology and Cognitive Science CenterNational Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan ROC
- Institute of Brain and Mind SciencesNational Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan ROC
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8
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Gawel K, Banono NS, Michalak A, Esguerra CV. A critical review of zebrafish schizophrenia models: Time for validation? Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 107:6-22. [PMID: 31381931 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a mental disorder that affects 1% of the population worldwide and is manifested as a broad spectrum of symptoms, from hallucinations to memory impairment. It is believed that genetic and/or environmental factors may contribute to the occurrence of this disease. Recently, the zebrafish has emerged as a valuable and attractive model for various neurological disorders including schizophrenia. In this review, we describe current pharmacological models of schizophrenia with special emphasis on providing insights into the pros and cons of using zebrafish as a behavioural model of this disease. Moreover, we highlight the advantages and utility of using zebrafish for elucidating the genetic mechanisms underlying this psychiatric disorder. We believe that the zebrafish has high potential also in the area of precision medicine and may complement the development of therapeutics, especially for pharmacoresistant patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Gawel
- Chemical Neuroscience Group, Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, University of Oslo, Gaustadalléen 21, 0349, Oslo, Norway; Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego St. 8b, 20-090, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Nancy Saana Banono
- Chemical Neuroscience Group, Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, University of Oslo, Gaustadalléen 21, 0349, Oslo, Norway
| | - Agnieszka Michalak
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki St. 4A, 20-093, Lublin, Poland
| | - Camila V Esguerra
- Chemical Neuroscience Group, Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, University of Oslo, Gaustadalléen 21, 0349, Oslo, Norway; Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
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9
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Dahoun T, Nour MM, Adams RA, Trossbach S, Lee SH, Patel H, Curtis C, Korth C, Howes OD. Disrupted-in-schizophrenia 1 functional polymorphisms and D 2 /D 3 receptor availability: A [ 11 C]-(+)-PHNO imaging study. GENES BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR 2019; 18:e12596. [PMID: 31264367 DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The disrupted-in-schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) protein has been implicated in a range of biological mechanisms underlying chronic mental disorders such as schizophrenia. Schizophrenia is associated with abnormal striatal dopamine signalling, and all antipsychotic drugs block striatal dopamine 2/3 receptors (D2/3 Rs). Importantly, the DISC1 protein directly interacts and forms a protein complex with the dopamine D2 receptor (D2 R) that inhibits agonist-induced D2 R internalisation. Moreover, animal studies have found large striatal increases in the proportion of D2 R receptors in a high affinity state (D2 high R) in DISC1 rodent models. Here, we investigated the relationship between the three most common polymorphisms altering the amino-acid sequence of the DISC1 protein (Ser704Cys (rs821616), Leu607Phe (rs6675281) and Arg264Gln (rs3738401)) and striatal D2/3 R availability in 41 healthy human volunteers, using [11 C]-(+)-PHNO positron emission tomography. We found no association between DISC1 polymorphisms and D2/3 R availability in the striatum and D2 R availability in the caudate and putamen. Therefore, despite a direct interaction between DISC1 and the D2 R, none of its main functional polymorphisms impact striatal D2/3 R binding potential, suggesting DISC1 variants act through other mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarik Dahoun
- Psychiatric Imaging Group, Robert Steiner MRI Unit, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.,Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Matthew M Nour
- Psychiatric Imaging Group, Robert Steiner MRI Unit, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.,Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.,Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK.,Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, University College London, Russell Square House, London, UK.,Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (WCHN), University College London, London, UK
| | - Rick A Adams
- Psychiatric Imaging Group, Robert Steiner MRI Unit, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.,Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.,Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK.,Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, UK
| | - Svenja Trossbach
- Department Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sang H Lee
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.,NIHR BioResource Centre Maudsley, NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre (BRC) at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust (SLaM) & Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK.,Social Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK
| | - Hamel Patel
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.,NIHR BioResource Centre Maudsley, NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre (BRC) at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust (SLaM) & Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK.,Social Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK
| | - Charles Curtis
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.,Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.,NIHR BioResource Centre Maudsley, NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre (BRC) at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust (SLaM) & Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK
| | - Carsten Korth
- Department Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Oliver D Howes
- Psychiatric Imaging Group, Robert Steiner MRI Unit, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.,Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.,Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK
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10
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Macpherson T, Hikida T. Role of basal ganglia neurocircuitry in the pathology of psychiatric disorders. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2019; 73:289-301. [PMID: 30734985 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.12830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Over the last few decades, advances in human and animal-based techniques have greatly enhanced our understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying psychiatric disorders. Many of these studies have indicated connectivity between and alterations within basal ganglia structures to be particularly pertinent to the development of symptoms associated with several of these disorders. Here we summarize the connectivity, molecular composition, and function of sites within basal ganglia neurocircuits. Then we review the current literature from both human and animal studies concerning altered basal ganglia function in five common psychiatric disorders: obsessive-compulsive disorder, substance-related and addiction disorders, major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and schizophrenia. Finally, we present a model based upon the findings of these studies that highlights the striatum as a particularly attractive target for restoring normal function to basal ganglia neurocircuits altered within psychiatric disorder patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Macpherson
- Laboratory for Advanced Brain Functions, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takatoshi Hikida
- Laboratory for Advanced Brain Functions, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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11
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Suh Y, Noh SJ, Lee S, Suh BK, Lee SB, Choi J, Jeong J, Kim S, Park SK. Dopamine D1 Receptor (D1R) Expression Is Controlled by a Transcriptional Repressor Complex Containing DISC1. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 56:6725-6735. [PMID: 30915712 PMCID: PMC6728282 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-1566-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Disrupted-in-Schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) is a scaffold protein implicated in various psychiatric diseases. Dysregulation of the dopamine system has been associated with DISC1 deficiency, while the molecular mechanism is unclear. In this study, we propose a novel molecular mechanism underlying the transcriptional regulation of the dopamine D1 receptor (D1R) in the striatum via DISC1. We verified the increase in D1R at the transcriptional level in the striatum of DISC1-deficient mouse models and altered histone acetylation status at the D1r locus. We identified a functional interaction between DISC1 and Krüppel-like factor 16 (KLF16). KLF16 translocates DISC1 into the nucleus and forms a regulatory complex by recruiting SIN3A corepressor complexes to the D1r locus. Moreover, DISC1-deficient mice have altered D1R-mediated signaling in the striatum and exhibit hyperlocomotion in response to cocaine; the blockade of D1R suppresses these effects. Taken together, our results suggest that nuclear DISC1 plays a critical role in the transcriptional regulation of D1R in the striatal neuron, providing a mechanistic link between DISC1 and dopamine-related psychiatric symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeongjun Suh
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Jin Noh
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Saebom Lee
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University of School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- The Center for Nanomedicine at Wilmer Eye Institute, The Johns Hopkins University of School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Bo Kyoung Suh
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Been Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhyuk Choi
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehoon Jeong
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sangjune Kim
- Neurodegeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University of School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sang Ki Park
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Hikida T, Morita M, Kuroiwa M, Macpherson T, Shuto T, Sotogaku N, Niwa M, Sawa A, Nishi A. Adolescent psychosocial stress enhances sensitization to cocaine exposure in genetically vulnerable mice. Neurosci Res 2019; 151:38-45. [PMID: 30831136 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2019.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Development of drug addictive behaviors is modulated by both genetic and environmental risk factors. However, the molecular mechanisms remain unknown. To address the role of adolescent stress in the development of drug addiction, we combined a transgenic mouse model in which a putative dominant-negative form of DISC1 under expressional control of the prion protein promoter is used as a genetic risk factor and adolescent social isolation stress as a gene-environmental interaction (GXE). Repeated cocaine exposure induced greater locomotion in the GXE group than in the other groups. In a conditioned place preference (CPP) test, GXE mice exhibited a significant place preference to the cocaine-conditioned area compared with the other groups. In the nucleus accumbens (NAc) of GXE mice, we found increased enzyme activity of phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4), predominantly located in NAc D2-receptor-expressing neurons, and enhanced effects of the PDE4 inhibitor rolipram, but not the D1 agonist SKF81297, on the phosphorylation of DARPP-32 and GluA1 at PKA sites. Rolipram injection before cocaine exposure completely inhibited cocaine-induced hyperlocomotion and CPP in the GXE group. These results indicate that GXE enhances sensitivity to repeated cocaine exposure via an increase in PDE4 activity in NAc D2-recptor-expressing neurons, leading to the development of cocaine addictive behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takatoshi Hikida
- Laboratory for Advanced Brain Functions, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Japan; Medical Innovation Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.
| | - Makiko Morita
- Laboratory for Advanced Brain Functions, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Japan; Medical Innovation Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Mahomi Kuroiwa
- Department of Pharmacology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Tom Macpherson
- Laboratory for Advanced Brain Functions, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Japan; Medical Innovation Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Takahide Shuto
- Department of Pharmacology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Naoki Sotogaku
- Department of Pharmacology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Minae Niwa
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, USA
| | - Akira Sawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, USA
| | - Akinori Nishi
- Department of Pharmacology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Japan
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13
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Segal-Gavish H, Barzilay R, Rimoni O, Offen D. Voluntary exercise improves cognitive deficits in female dominant-negative DISC1 transgenic mouse model of neuropsychiatric disorders. World J Biol Psychiatry 2019; 20:243-252. [PMID: 28593819 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2017.1323118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Physical exercise has gained increasing interest as a treatment modality that improves prognosis in psychiatric patients. The disrupted in schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) gene is a candidate gene for major mental illness. In this study, we aimed to determine whether voluntary wheel running can improve cognitive deficits of dominant-negative DISC1 transgenic mice (DN-DISC1). METHODS DN-DISC1 and control mice (10-week-old male and female) were placed for 14 days in a cage with or without access to a running wheel. Two weeks later, mice underwent behavioural tests evaluating cognition and social approach and recognition. RESULTS Voluntary exercise improved performance in the novel object recognition test, restored the impairment in spatial memory in the Y maze, and reversed the deficit in social recognition memory in DN-DISC1 females. DN-DISC1 males did not exhibit behavioural deficits at baseline. Tissue analysis revealed that exercise induced a significant increase in hippocampal expression of doublecortin (DCX), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1R) only in DN-DISC1 females. CONCLUSIONS Voluntary exercise is beneficial in attenuating cognitive deficits observed in a rodent model relevant for neuropsychiatric disorders. The data add a preclinical aspect to the accumulating clinical data supporting the incorporation of physical exercise to patients' care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadar Segal-Gavish
- a Laboratory of Neuroscience , Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv , Israel
| | - Ran Barzilay
- a Laboratory of Neuroscience , Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv , Israel.,b Research Unit , Geha Mental Health Center , Petach Tikva , Israel
| | - Ofri Rimoni
- a Laboratory of Neuroscience , Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv , Israel
| | - Daniel Offen
- a Laboratory of Neuroscience , Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv , Israel
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14
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Ye Q, Trivedi M, Zhang Y, Böhlke M, Alsulimani H, Chang J, Maher T, Deth R, Kim J. Brain iron loading impairs DNA methylation and alters GABAergic function in mice. FASEB J 2019; 33:2460-2471. [PMID: 30277817 PMCID: PMC6338660 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801116rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Iron deficiency is closely associated with altered GABA metabolism and affective behavior. While mutation in the hemochromatosis ( HFE) gene disrupts iron homeostasis and promotes oxidative stress that increases the risk of neurodegeneration, it is largely unknown whether HFE mutation modifies GABAergic homeostasis and emotional behavior. The goal of our study was to investigate the impact of HFE on GABAergic neurochemistry and redox-epigenetic regulation in the brain using H67D HFE-mutant mice that recapitulates the H63D-HFE mutation in humans. H67D mice displayed elevated redox-active iron levels in the brain by 32% compared to age-matched wild-type mice. Moreover, the H67D brain had increased isoprostane and decreased glutathione, indicating elevated oxidative stress. Additionally, the H67D brain had decreased global methylation and attenuated DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) activity. Direct addition of iron to purified DNMT in vitro decreased enzyme activity in a concentration-dependent manner. Last, H67D mice exhibited decreased anxiety-like behavior, which was associated with increased expression of the GABAA receptor α2 subunits by 93%, and these changes were also observed in H67D mice fed a low-iron diet. Taken together, our results suggest a putative role of HFE in regulating labile iron status in the brain, and mutation in H67D perturbs redox-methylation status, contributing to GABAergic dysfunction.-Ye, Q., Trivedi, M., Zhang, Y., Böhlke, M., Alsulimani, H., Chang, J., Maher, T., Deth, R., Kim, J. Brain iron loading impairs DNA methylation and alters GABAergic function in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Ye
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Malav Trivedi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA; and
| | - Yiting Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mark Böhlke
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Science (MCPHS) University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Helal Alsulimani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - JuOae Chang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Timothy Maher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Science (MCPHS) University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Richard Deth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA; and
| | - Jonghan Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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15
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Dahoun T, Pardiñas AF, Veronese M, Bloomfield MAP, Jauhar S, Bonoldi I, Froudist-Walsh S, Nosarti C, Korth C, Hennah W, Walters J, Prata D, Howes OD. The effect of the DISC1 Ser704Cys polymorphism on striatal dopamine synthesis capacity: an [18F]-DOPA PET study. Hum Mol Genet 2018; 27:3498-3506. [PMID: 29945223 PMCID: PMC6168972 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Whilst the role of the Disrupted-in-Schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) gene in the aetiology of major mental illnesses is debated, the characterization of its function lends it credibility as a candidate. A key aspect of this functional characterization is the determination of the role of common non-synonymous polymorphisms on normal variation within these functions. The common allele (A) of the DISC1 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs821616 encodes a serine (ser) at the Ser704Cys polymorphism, and has been shown to increase the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated protein Kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) that stimulate the phosphorylation of tyrosine hydroxylase, the rate-limiting enzyme for dopamine biosynthesis. We therefore set out to test the hypothesis that human ser (A) homozygotes would show elevated dopamine synthesis capacity compared with cysteine (cys) homozygotes and heterozygotes (TT and AT) for rs821616. [18F]-DOPA positron emission tomography (PET) was used to index striatal dopamine synthesis capacity as the influx rate constant Kicer in healthy volunteers DISC1 rs821616 ser homozygotes (N = 46) and healthy volunteers DISC1 rs821616 cys homozygotes and heterozygotes (N = 56), matched for age, gender, ethnicity and using three scanners. We found DISC1 rs821616 ser homozygotes exhibited a significantly higher striatal Kicer compared with cys homozygotes and heterozygotes (P = 0.012) explaining 6.4% of the variance (partial η2 = 0.064). Our finding is consistent with its previous association with heightened activation of ERK1/2, which stimulates tyrosine hydroxylase activity for dopamine synthesis. This could be a potential mechanism mediating risk for psychosis, lending further credibility to the fact that DISC1 is of functional interest in the aetiology of major mental illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarik Dahoun
- Psychiatric Imaging Group, Robert Steiner MRI Unit, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Sciences (ICS), Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford OX37 JX, UK
| | - Antonio F Pardiñas
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Mattia Veronese
- Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Michael A P Bloomfield
- Psychiatric Imaging Group, Robert Steiner MRI Unit, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Sciences (ICS), Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (IoPPN), King’s College London, London, UK
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
- Clinical Psychopharmacology Unit, Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sameer Jauhar
- Psychiatric Imaging Group, Robert Steiner MRI Unit, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Sciences (ICS), Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (IoPPN), King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Ilaria Bonoldi
- Psychiatric Imaging Group, Robert Steiner MRI Unit, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Sciences (ICS), Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (IoPPN), King’s College London, London, UK
| | | | - Chiara Nosarti
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (IoPPN), King’s College London, London, UK
- Division of Imaging Sciences & Biomedical Engineering, Centre for the Developing Brain, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Carsten Korth
- Department Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - William Hennah
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Mental Health Unit, Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - James Walters
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Diana Prata
- Instituto de Biofísica e Engenharia Biomédica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
- Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL), Cis-IUL, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Oliver D Howes
- Psychiatric Imaging Group, Robert Steiner MRI Unit, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Sciences (ICS), Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (IoPPN), King’s College London, London, UK
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16
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Ryskalin L, Limanaqi F, Frati A, Busceti CL, Fornai F. mTOR-Related Brain Dysfunctions in Neuropsychiatric Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082226. [PMID: 30061532 PMCID: PMC6121884 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is an ubiquitously expressed serine-threonine kinase, which senses and integrates several intracellular and environmental cues to orchestrate major processes such as cell growth and metabolism. Altered mTOR signalling is associated with brain malformation and neurological disorders. Emerging evidence indicates that even subtle defects in the mTOR pathway may produce severe effects, which are evident as neurological and psychiatric disorders. On the other hand, administration of mTOR inhibitors may be beneficial for a variety of neuropsychiatric alterations encompassing neurodegeneration, brain tumors, brain ischemia, epilepsy, autism, mood disorders, drugs of abuse, and schizophrenia. mTOR has been widely implicated in synaptic plasticity and autophagy activation. This review addresses the role of mTOR-dependent autophagy dysfunction in a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders, to focus mainly on psychiatric syndromes including schizophrenia and drug addiction. For instance, amphetamines-induced addiction fairly overlaps with some neuropsychiatric disorders including neurodegeneration and schizophrenia. For this reason, in the present review, a special emphasis is placed on the role of mTOR on methamphetamine-induced brain alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larisa Ryskalin
- Human Anatomy, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Fiona Limanaqi
- Human Anatomy, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | | | | | - Francesco Fornai
- Human Anatomy, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
- I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed, Via Atinense 18, 86077 Isernia, Italy.
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17
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Mamashli F, Khan S, Bharadwaj H, Losh A, Pawlyszyn SM, Hämäläinen MS, Kenet T. Maturational trajectories of local and long-range functional connectivity in autism during face processing. Hum Brain Mapp 2018; 39:4094-4104. [PMID: 29947148 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized neurophysiologically by, among other things, functional connectivity abnormalities in the brain. Recent evidence suggests that the nature of these functional connectivity abnormalities might not be uniform throughout maturation. Comparing between adolescents and young adults (ages 14-21) with ASD and age- and IQ-matched typically developing (TD) individuals, we previously documented, using magnetoencephalography (MEG) data, that local functional connectivity in the fusiform face areas (FFA) and long-range functional connectivity between FFA and three higher order cortical areas were all reduced in ASD. Given the findings on abnormal maturation trajectories in ASD, we tested whether these results extend to preadolescent children (ages 7-13). We found that both local and long-range functional connectivity were in fact normal in this younger age group in ASD. Combining the two age groups, we found that local and long-range functional connectivity measures were positively correlated with age in TD, but negatively correlated with age in ASD. Last, we showed that local functional connectivity was the primary feature in predicting age in ASD group, but not in the TD group. Furthermore, local functional connectivity was only correlated with ASD severity in the older group. These results suggest that the direction of maturation of functional connectivity for processing of faces from childhood to young adulthood is itself abnormal in ASD, and that during the processing of faces, these trajectory abnormalities are more pronounced for local functional connectivity measures than they are for long-range functional connectivity measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Mamashli
- Department of Neurology, MGH, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, MGH/HST, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | - Sheraz Khan
- Department of Neurology, MGH, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, MGH/HST, Charlestown, Massachusetts.,Department of Radiology, MGH, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hari Bharadwaj
- Department of Neurology, MGH, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, MGH/HST, Charlestown, Massachusetts.,Department of Radiology, MGH, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ainsley Losh
- Department of Neurology, MGH, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Matti S Hämäläinen
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, MGH/HST, Charlestown, Massachusetts.,Department of Radiology, MGH, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University School of Science, Espoo, Finland
| | - Tal Kenet
- Department of Neurology, MGH, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, MGH/HST, Charlestown, Massachusetts
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18
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Wulaer B, Nagai T, Sobue A, Itoh N, Kuroda K, Kaibuchi K, Nabeshima T, Yamada K. Repetitive and compulsive-like behaviors lead to cognitive dysfunction in Disc1Δ2-3/Δ2-3mice. GENES BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR 2018; 17:e12478. [DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- B. Wulaer
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology and Hospital Pharmacy; Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; Nagoya Japan
| | - T. Nagai
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology and Hospital Pharmacy; Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; Nagoya Japan
| | - A. Sobue
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology and Hospital Pharmacy; Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; Nagoya Japan
| | - N. Itoh
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology and Hospital Pharmacy; Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; Nagoya Japan
| | - K. Kuroda
- Department of Cell Pharmacology; Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; Nagoya Japan
| | - K. Kaibuchi
- Department of Cell Pharmacology; Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; Nagoya Japan
| | - T. Nabeshima
- Advanced Diagnostic System Research Laboratory; Fujita Health University, Graduate School of Health Sciences; Toyoake Japan
- Aino University; Ibaragi Japan
| | - K. Yamada
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology and Hospital Pharmacy; Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; Nagoya Japan
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19
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Srikanth P, Lagomarsino VN, Muratore CR, Ryu SC, He A, Taylor WM, Zhou C, Arellano M, Young-Pearse TL. Shared effects of DISC1 disruption and elevated WNT signaling in human cerebral organoids. Transl Psychiatry 2018; 8:77. [PMID: 29643329 PMCID: PMC5895714 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-018-0122-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of three-dimensional culture methods has allowed for the study of developing cortical morphology in human cells. This provides a new tool to study the neurodevelopmental consequences of disease-associated mutations. Here, we study the effects of isogenic DISC1 mutation in cerebral organoids. DISC1 has been implicated in psychiatric disease based on genetic studies, including its interruption by a balanced translocation that increases the risk of major mental illness. Isogenic wild-type and DISC1-disrupted human-induced pluripotent stem cells were used to generate cerebral organoids, which were then examined for morphology and gene expression. We show that DISC1-mutant cerebral organoids display disorganized structural morphology and impaired proliferation, which is phenocopied by WNT agonism and rescued by WNT antagonism. Furthermore, there are many shared changes in gene expression with DISC1 disruption and WNT agonism, including in neural progenitor and cell fate markers, regulators of neuronal migration, and interneuron markers. These shared gene expression changes suggest mechanisms for the observed morphologic dysregulation with DISC1 disruption and points to new avenues for future studies. The shared changes in three-dimensional cerebral organoid morphology and gene expression with DISC1 interruption and WNT agonism further strengthens the link between DISC1 mutation, abnormalities in WNT signaling, and neuropsychiatric disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Srikanth
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Valentina N Lagomarsino
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christina R Muratore
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Steven C Ryu
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amy He
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Walter M Taylor
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Constance Zhou
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marlise Arellano
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tracy L Young-Pearse
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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20
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The Altered Supramolecular Structure of Dopamine D2 Receptors in Disc1-deficient Mice. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1692. [PMID: 29374282 PMCID: PMC5785963 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20090-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Disc1 is a susceptibility gene for psychiatric disorders including schizophrenia. It has been suggested that excess transmission through dopamine type 2 receptors (D2Rs) in the striatum is an underlying mechanism of pathogenesis. In this study, we used super-resolution microscopy to study the distribution of D2Rs at the nanoscale in mice lacking exons 2 and 3 of Disc1 (Disc1-deficient mice). We found that D2Rs in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) of wild-type mice form nanoclusters (~ 20,000 nm2), and that Disc1-deficient mice have larger and more D2R nanoclusters than wild-type mice. Interestingly, administration of clozapine reduced the size and spatial distribution of the nanoclusters only in Disc1-deficient mice. Moreover, we observed that medium spiny neurons in the NAc of Disc1-deficient mice had reduced spine density on their dendrites than did wild-type mice, and this was also reversed by clozapine administration. The altered D2R nanoclusters might be morphological representations of the altered dopaminergic transmission in disease states such as schizophrenia.
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21
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Matsumoto Y, Niwa M, Mouri A, Noda Y, Fukushima T, Ozaki N, Nabeshima T. Adolescent stress leads to glutamatergic disturbance through dopaminergic abnormalities in the prefrontal cortex of genetically vulnerable mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2017; 234:3055-3074. [PMID: 28756461 PMCID: PMC8034555 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-017-4704-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stress during the adolescent period influences postnatal maturation and behavioral patterns in adulthood. Adolescent stress-induced molecular and functional changes in neurons are the key clinical features of psychiatric disorders including schizophrenia. OBJECTIVE In the present study, we exposed genetically vulnerable mice to isolation stress to examine the molecular changes in the glutamatergic system involving N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors via dopaminergic disturbance in the prefrontal cortex (PFc). RESULTS We report that late adolescent stress in combination with Disrupted-in-Schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) genetic risk elicited alterations in glutamatergic neurons in the PFc, such as increased expression of glutamate transporters, decreased extracellular levels of glutamate, decreased concentration of d-serine, and impaired activation of NMDA-Ca2+/calmodulin kinase II signaling. These changes resulted in behavioral deficits in locomotor activity, forced swim, social interaction, and novelty preference tests. The glutamatergic alterations in the PFc were prevented if the animals were treated with an atypical antipsychotic drug clozapine and a dopamine D1 agonist SKF81297, which suggests that the activation of dopaminergic neurons is involved in the regulation of the glutamatergic system. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that adolescent stress combined with dopaminergic abnormalities in the PFc of genetically vulnerable mice induces glutamatergic disturbances, which leads to behavioral deficits in the young adult stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurie Matsumoto
- Department of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Meijo University, Nagoya, 468-8503, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8560, Japan
| | - Minae Niwa
- Department of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Meijo University, Nagoya, 468-8503, Japan.
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8560, Japan.
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
| | - Akihiro Mouri
- Department of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Meijo University, Nagoya, 468-8503, Japan
- Advanced Diagnostic System Research Laboratory, Fujita Health University, Graduate School of Health Science, Toyoake, 470-1192, Japan
- NPO Japanese Drug Organization of Appropriate Use and Research, Nagoya, 468-0069, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Noda
- NPO Japanese Drug Organization of Appropriate Use and Research, Nagoya, 468-0069, Japan
- Division of Clinical Sciences and Neuropsychopharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, 468-8503, Japan
| | - Takeshi Fukushima
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Toho University, Chiba, 274-8510, Japan
| | - Norio Ozaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8560, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Nabeshima
- Department of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Meijo University, Nagoya, 468-8503, Japan.
- Advanced Diagnostic System Research Laboratory, Fujita Health University, Graduate School of Health Science, Toyoake, 470-1192, Japan.
- NPO Japanese Drug Organization of Appropriate Use and Research, Nagoya, 468-0069, Japan.
- Aino University, Ibaragi, Osaka, 567-0012, Japan.
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22
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Deng D, Jian C, Lei L, Zhou Y, McSweeney C, Dong F, Shen Y, Zou D, Wang Y, Wu Y, Zhang L, Mao Y. A prenatal interruption of DISC1 function in the brain exhibits a lasting impact on adult behaviors, brain metabolism, and interneuron development. Oncotarget 2017; 8:84798-84817. [PMID: 29156684 PMCID: PMC5689574 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Mental illnesses like schizophrenia (SCZ) and major depression disorder (MDD) are devastating brain disorders. The SCZ risk gene, disrupted in schizophrenia 1 (DISC1), has been associated with neuropsychiatric conditions. However, little is known regarding the long-lasting impacts on brain metabolism and behavioral outcomes from genetic insults on fetal NPCs during early life. We have established a new mouse model that specifically interrupts DISC1 functions in NPCs in vivo by a dominant-negative DISC1 (DN-DISC1) with a precise temporal and spatial regulation. Interestingly, prenatal interruption of mouse Disc1 function in NPCs leads to abnormal depression-like deficit in adult mice. Here we took a novel unbiased metabonomics approach to identify brain-specific metabolites that are significantly changed in DN-DISC1 mice. Surprisingly, the inhibitory neurotransmitter, GABA, is augmented. Consistently, parvalbumin (PV) interneurons are increased in the cingulate cortex, retrosplenial granular cortex, and motor cortex. Interestingly, somatostatin (SST) positive and neuropeptide Y (NPY) interneurons are decreased in some brain regions, suggesting that DN-DISC1 expression affects the localization of interneuron subtypes. To further explore the cellular mechanisms that cause this change, DN-DISC1 suppresses proliferation and promotes the cell cycle exit of progenitors in the medial ganglionic eminence (MGE), whereas it stimulates ectopic proliferation of neighboring cells through cell non-autonomous effect. Mechanistically, it modulates GSK3 activity and interrupts Dlx2 activity in the Wnt activation. In sum, our results provide evidence that specific genetic insults on NSCs at a short period of time could lead to prolonged changes of brain metabolism and development, eventually behavioral defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dazhi Deng
- Department of Emergency, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Chongdong Jian
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.,Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Ling Lei
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.,Health Examination Center, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yijing Zhou
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Colleen McSweeney
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Fengping Dong
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Yilun Shen
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Donghua Zou
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yonggang Wang
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Wu
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Limin Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Centre for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yingwei Mao
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
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23
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Hashemi E, Ariza J, Rogers H, Noctor SC, Martínez-Cerdeño V. The Number of Parvalbumin-Expressing Interneurons Is Decreased in the Prefrontal Cortex in Autism. Cereb Cortex 2017; 27:1931-1943. [PMID: 26922658 PMCID: PMC6074948 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhw021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The cognitive phenotype of autism has been correlated with an altered balance of excitation to inhibition in the cerebral cortex, which could result from a change in the number, function, or morphology of GABA-expressing interneurons. The number of GABAergic interneuron subtypes has not been quantified in the autistic cerebral cortex. We classified interneurons into 3 subpopulations based on expression of the calcium-binding proteins parvalbumin, calbindin, or calretinin. We quantified the number of each interneuron subtype in postmortem neocortical tissue from 11 autistic cases and 10 control cases. Prefrontal Brodmann Areas (BA) BA46, BA47, and BA9 in autism and age-matched controls were analyzed by blinded researchers. We show that the number of parvalbumin+ interneurons in these 3 cortical areas-BA46, BA47, and BA9-is significantly reduced in autism compared with controls. The number of calbindin+ and calretinin+ interneurons did not differ in the cortical areas examined. Parvalbumin+ interneurons are fast-spiking cells that synchronize the activity of pyramidal cells through perisomatic and axo-axonic inhibition. The reduced number of parvalbumin+ interneurons could disrupt the balance of excitation/inhibition and alter gamma wave oscillations in the cerebral cortex of autistic subjects. These data will allow development of novel treatments specifically targeting parvalbumin interneurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezzat Hashemi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
- Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine and Shriners Hospitals for Children Northern California, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Jeanelle Ariza
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
- Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine and Shriners Hospitals for Children Northern California, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Haille Rogers
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
- Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine and Shriners Hospitals for Children Northern California, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Stephen C. Noctor
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
- MIND Institute, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Verónica Martínez-Cerdeño
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
- Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine and Shriners Hospitals for Children Northern California, Sacramento, CA, USA
- MIND Institute, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
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24
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Dahoun T, Trossbach SV, Brandon NJ, Korth C, Howes OD. The impact of Disrupted-in-Schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) on the dopaminergic system: a systematic review. Transl Psychiatry 2017; 7:e1015. [PMID: 28140405 PMCID: PMC5299392 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2016.282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Disrupted-in-Schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) is a gene known as a risk factor for mental illnesses possibly associated with dopamine impairments. DISC1 is a scaffold protein interacting with proteins involved in the dopamine system. Here we summarise the impact of DISC1 disruption on the dopamine system in animal models, considering its effects on presynaptic dopaminergic function (tyrosine hydroxylase levels, dopamine transporter levels, dopamine levels at baseline and after amphetamine administration) and postsynaptic dopaminergic function (dopamine D1 and D2 receptor levels, dopamine receptor-binding potential and locomotor activity after amphetamine administration). Our findings show that many but not all DISC1 models display (1) increased locomotion after amphetamine administration, (2) increased dopamine levels after amphetamine administration in the nucleus accumbens, and (3) inconsistent basal dopamine levels, dopamine receptor levels and binding potentials. There is also limited evidence for decreased tyrosine hydroxylase levels in the frontal cortex and increased dopamine transporter levels in the striatum but not nucleus accumbens, but these conclusions warrant further replication. The main dopaminergic findings are seen across different DISC1 models, providing convergent evidence that DISC1 has a role in regulating dopaminergic function. These results implicate dopaminergic dysregulation as a mechanism underlying the increased rate of schizophrenia seen in DISC1 variant carriers, and provide insights into how DISC1, and potentially DISC1-interacting proteins such as AKT and GSK-3, could be used as novel therapeutic targets for schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Dahoun
- Psychiatric Imaging Group MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
- Department of the Institute of Clinical Sciences, Psychiatric Imaging Group, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMS), Imperial College-Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK
| | - S V Trossbach
- Department of Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - N J Brandon
- AstraZeneca Neuroscience, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, R&D Boston, Waltham, MA, USA
| | - C Korth
- Department of Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - O D Howes
- Psychiatric Imaging Group MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
- Department of the Institute of Clinical Sciences, Psychiatric Imaging Group, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMS), Imperial College-Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Neurology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK
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25
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Misassembly of full-length Disrupted-in-Schizophrenia 1 protein is linked to altered dopamine homeostasis and behavioral deficits. Mol Psychiatry 2016; 21:1561-1572. [PMID: 26754951 PMCID: PMC5078859 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2015.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Revised: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Disrupted-in-schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) is a mental illness gene first identified in a Scottish pedigree. So far, DISC1-dependent phenotypes in animal models have been confined to expressing mutant DISC1. Here we investigated how pathology of full-length DISC1 protein could be a major mechanism in sporadic mental illness. We demonstrate that a novel transgenic rat model, modestly overexpressing the full-length DISC1 transgene, showed phenotypes consistent with a significant role of DISC1 misassembly in mental illness. The tgDISC1 rat displayed mainly perinuclear DISC1 aggregates in neurons. Furthermore, the tgDISC1 rat showed a robust signature of behavioral phenotypes that includes amphetamine supersensitivity, hyperexploratory behavior and rotarod deficits, all pointing to changes in dopamine (DA) neurotransmission. To understand the etiology of the behavioral deficits, we undertook a series of molecular studies in the dorsal striatum of tgDISC1 rats. We observed an 80% increase in high-affinity DA D2 receptors, an increased translocation of the dopamine transporter to the plasma membrane and a corresponding increase in DA inflow as observed by cyclic voltammetry. A reciprocal relationship between DISC1 protein assembly and DA homeostasis was corroborated by in vitro studies. Elevated cytosolic dopamine caused an increase in DISC1 multimerization, insolubility and complexing with the dopamine transporter, suggesting a physiological mechanism linking DISC1 assembly and dopamine homeostasis. DISC1 protein pathology and its interaction with dopamine homeostasis is a novel cellular mechanism that is relevant for behavioral control and may have a role in mental illness.
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26
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Sex differences in animal models of schizophrenia shed light on the underlying pathophysiology. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2016; 67:41-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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27
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Umeda K, Iritani S, Fujishiro H, Sekiguchi H, Torii Y, Habuchi C, Kuroda K, Kaibuchi K, Ozaki N. Immunohistochemical evaluation of the GABAergic neuronal system in the prefrontal cortex of a DISC1 knockout mouse model of schizophrenia. Synapse 2016; 70:508-518. [PMID: 27421906 DOI: 10.1002/syn.21924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The etiology of schizophrenia remains unknown. However, using molecular biological techniques, some candidate genes have been identified that might be associated with the disease. One of these candidate genes, disrupted-in-schizophrenia 1 (DISC1), was found in a large Scottish family with multiple mental illnesses. The function of DISC1 is considered to be associated with axon elongation and neuron migration in the central nervous system, but the functional consequences of defects in this gene have not been fully clarified in brain neuronal systems. Dysfunction of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic neuronal system is also considered to contribute to the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Thus, to clarify the neuropathological changes associated with DISC1 dysfunction, we investigated the number and distribution of GABAergic neurons in the prefrontal cortex of DISC1 knockout mice. We immunohistochemically quantified the laminar density of GABAergic neurons using anti-parvalbumin and anti-calbindin D28k antibodies (markers of GABAergic neuronal subpopulations). We found that the densities of both parvalbumin- and calbindin-immunoreactive neurons in the anterior cingulate, medial prefrontal, and orbitofrontal cortices were markedly lower in DISC1 knockout mice than in wild-type mice. In addition, reductions in cell density were observed in layers II and III and the deep layers of the cortex. This reduction in GABAergic neuronal density was not associated with alterations in neuronal size. These findings suggest that disrupted GABAergic neuronal network formation due to a DISC1 deficit might be involved in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Umeda
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Shuji Iritani
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan.
| | - Hiroshige Fujishiro
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Sekiguchi
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Youta Torii
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Chikako Habuchi
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Keisuke Kuroda
- Department of Cell Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kozo Kaibuchi
- Department of Cell Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Norio Ozaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
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28
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Mühle C, Kreczi J, Rhein C, Richter-Schmidinger T, Alexopoulos P, Doerfler A, Lenz B, Kornhuber J. Additive sex-specific influence of common non-synonymous DISC1 variants on amygdala, basal ganglia, and white cortical surface area in healthy young adults. Brain Struct Funct 2016; 222:881-894. [PMID: 27369464 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-016-1253-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The disrupted-in-schizophrenia-1 (DISC1) gene is known for its role in the development of mental disorders. It is also involved in neurodevelopment, cognition, and memory. To investigate the association between DISC1 variants and brain morphology, we analyzed the influence of the three common non-synonymous polymorphisms in DISC1 on specific brain structures in healthy young adults. The volumes of brain regions were determined in 145 subjects by magnetic resonance imaging and automated analysis using FreeSurfer. Genotyping was performed by high resolution melting of amplified products. In an additive genetic model, rs6675281 (Leu607Phe), rs3738401 (Arg264Gln), and rs821616 (Ser704Cys) significantly explained the volume variance of the amygdala (p = 0.007) and the pallidum (p = 0.004). A higher cumulative portion of minor alleles was associated with larger volumes of the amygdala (p = 0.005), the pallidum (p = 0.001), the caudate (p = 0.024), and the putamen (p = 0.007). Sex-stratified analysis revealed a strong genetic effect of rs6675281 on putamen and pallidum in females but not in males and an opposite influence of rs3738401 on the white cortical surface in females compared to males. The strongest single association was found for rs821616 and the amygdala volume in male subjects (p < 0.001). No effect was detected for the nucleus accumbens. We report-to our knowledge-for the first time a significant and sex-specific influence of common DISC1 variants on volumes of the basal ganglia, the amygdala and on the cortical surface area. Our results demonstrate that the additive model of all three polymorphisms outperforms their single analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Mühle
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Jakob Kreczi
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Cosima Rhein
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tanja Richter-Schmidinger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Panagiotis Alexopoulos
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Klinikum rechts der Isar of the Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Arnd Doerfler
- Department of Neuroradiology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Bernd Lenz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Johannes Kornhuber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
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29
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Tomoda T, Sumitomo A, Jaaro-Peled H, Sawa A. Utility and validity of DISC1 mouse models in biological psychiatry. Neuroscience 2016; 321:99-107. [PMID: 26768401 PMCID: PMC4803604 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.12.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2015] [Revised: 12/31/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We have seen an era of explosive progress in translating neurobiology into etiological understanding of mental disorders for the past 10-15 years. The discovery of Disrupted-in-schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) gene was one of the major driving forces that have contributed to the progress. The finding that DISC1 plays crucial roles in neurodevelopment and synapse regulation clearly underscored the utility and validity of DISC1-related biology in advancing our understanding of pathophysiological processes underlying psychiatric conditions. Despite recent genetic studies that failed to identify DISC1 as a risk gene for sporadic cases of schizophrenia, DISC1 mutant mice, coupled with various environmental stressors, have proven successful in satisfying face validity as models of a wide range of human psychiatric conditions. Investigating mental disorders using these models is expected to further contribute to the circuit-level understanding of the pathological mechanisms, as well as to the development of novel therapeutic strategies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Tomoda
- Medical Innovation Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
| | - A Sumitomo
- Medical Innovation Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - H Jaaro-Peled
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - A Sawa
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
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30
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Catecholaminergic neuronal network dysfunction in the frontal lobe of a genetic mouse model of schizophrenia. Acta Neuropsychiatr 2016; 28:117-23. [PMID: 26333915 DOI: 10.1017/neu.2015.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The precise aetiology of schizophrenia remains unclear. The neurodevelopmental hypothesis of schizophrenia has been proposed based on the accumulation of genomic or neuroimaging studies. OBJECTIVE In this study, we examined the catecholaminergic neuronal networks in the frontal cortices of disrupted-in-schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) knockout (KO) mice, which are considered to be a useful model of schizophrenia. METHODS Six DISC1 homozygous KO mice and six age-matched littermates were used. The animals' brains were cut into 20-μm-thick slices, which were then immunohistochemically stained using an anti-tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) monoclonal antibody. RESULTS The TH-immunopositive fibres detected in the orbitofrontal cortices of the DISC1 KO mice were significantly shorter than those seen in the wild-type mice. CONCLUSION These neuropathological findings indicate that the hypofrontal symptoms of schizophrenia are associated with higher mental function deficiencies or cognitive dysfunction such as a loss of working memory.
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31
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Zuloaga DG, Lahvis GP, Mills B, Pearce HL, Turner J, Raber J. Fetal domoic acid exposure affects lateral amygdala neurons, diminishes social investigation and alters sensory-motor gating. Neurotoxicology 2016; 53:132-140. [PMID: 26797589 PMCID: PMC5929993 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2016.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Revised: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Domoic acid (DA) is an algal neurotoxin that accumulates in marine fish and shellfish. DA can move across the placenta and concentrate in amniotic fluid, which can be swallowed during late gestation. DA also transfers to infants via milk. Preclinical studies to determine effects of developmental DA expose have primarily involved DA exposure during the postnatal period and little is known about late CNS effects following prenatal DA. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that prenatal exposure of FVB mice to low levels of DA would result in diminished social interaction and sensory motor gating associated with alterations in parvalbumin immunoreactivity in relevant brain regions undergoing development during and following DA exposure. In addition to parvalbumin, we stained with NeuN for a neuronal specific nuclear protein to determine if neuronal loss followed prenatal DA exposure. A single moderate dose of DA administered during gestation produces diminishes social investigation and alters sensorimotor gating, behavioral effects more pronounced in males than females. These behavioral changes were associated with discrete alterations in the parvalbumin-positive subtype of GABAergic neurons in the dentate gyrus and lateral amygdala.
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Affiliation(s)
- D G Zuloaga
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, United States
| | - G P Lahvis
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, United States.
| | - B Mills
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, United States
| | - H L Pearce
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, United States
| | - J Turner
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, United States
| | - J Raber
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, United States; Departments of Neurology and Radiation Medicine, Division of Neuroscience, ONPRC, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, United States.
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32
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Lussier SJ, Stevens HE. Delays in GABAergic interneuron development and behavioral inhibition after prenatal stress. Dev Neurobiol 2016; 76:1078-91. [PMID: 26724783 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Prenatal stress is associated with altered behavioral, cognitive, and psychiatric outcomes in offspring. Due to the importance of GABAergic systems in normal development and in psychiatric disorders, prenatal stress effects on these neurons have been investigated in animal models. Prenatal stress delays GABAergic progenitor migration, but the significance of these early developmental disruptions for the continued development of GABAergic cells in the juvenile brain is unclear. Here, we examined effects of prenatal stress on populations of GABAergic neurons in juvenile and adult medial frontal cortex (mFC) and hippocampus through stereological counting, gene expression, and relevant anxiety-like and social behaviors. Postnatally, the total GABAergic cell number that peaks in adolescence showed altered trajectories in mFC and hippocampus. Parvalbumin neuron proportion in juvenile brain was altered by prenatal stress, but parvalbumin gene expression showed no differences. In adult brain, parvalbumin neuron proportions were altered by prenatal stress with opposite gene expression changes. Adult prenatally stressed offspring showed a lack of social preference on a three-chambered task, increased anxiety-like behavior on the elevated plus maze, and reduced center time in an open field. Despite a lack of significant group differences in adult total GABAergic cell populations, performance of these tasks was correlated with GABAergic populations in mFC and hippocampus. In conclusion, prenatal stress resulted in a delay in GABAergic cell number and maturation of the parvalbumin subtype. Influences of prenatal stress on GABAergic populations during developmentally dynamic periods and during adulthood may be relevant to the anxiety-like behaviors that occur after prenatal stress. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 76: 1078-1091, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie J Lussier
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA
| | - Hanna E Stevens
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA.,Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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33
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Liu J, Li F, Tang XD, Ma J, Mao M, Wu FZ, Bai SJ, Liu YY, Han CX, Li XX, Liu Y, Song YH, Wu ZY, Wang FY, Kang N. Sini powder () decoction alleviates mood disorder of insomnia by regulating cation-chloride cotransporters in hippocampus. Chin J Integr Med 2015:10.1007/s11655-015-2308-x. [PMID: 26597287 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-015-2308-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the mechanism of Sini Powder () decoction (SND) in the treatment of insomnia. METHODS The rats were randomly divided into four groups: control, model, SND-treated, and Estazolamtreated groups (n=15 in each group). Sleep deprivation (SD) rat model was established using the modifified multiple platform method for 14 h per day for 14 days, and the behavior of the rats were observed. Na-K-Cl-cotransporter (NKCC1) and K+/Cl- cotransporter (KCC2) in the hippocampus were tested by immunohistochemistry, real-time polymerase chain reaction, and western blot. RESULTS SD rats displayed anxiety-like behavior, which was alleviated by SND. The protein expressions of NKCC1 and KCC2 in the hippocampus were signifificantly decreased in SD rats compared with those in control rats (P<0.05); these proteins were signifificantly increased by SND (P<0.05). The mRNA expression of KCC2 was signifificantly decreased in SD rats (0.62±0.35 vs. 2.29±0.56; P=0.044), while SND showed a tendency to increase the mRNA of KCC2 in SD rats (P>0.05). By contrast, the mRNA expression of NKCC1 was signifificantly increased in the hippocampus of SD rats (6.58±1.54 vs. 2.82±0.32; P=0.011), while SND decreased the mRNA expression of NKCC1 (6.58±1.54 vs. 2.79±0.81; P=0.016). CONCLUSIONS Chinese medicine SND could alleviate mood disorder of SD rats by regulating cation-chloride cotransporters, such as NKCC1 and KCC2. These fifindings would have major implications in the mechanism of SND to relieve insomnia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Feng Li
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Xu-Dong Tang
- Xiyuan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Jie Ma
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Meng Mao
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Feng-Zhi Wu
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Shi-Jing Bai
- Beijng Science and Technology Publishing Co. Ltd., Beijing, 100035, China
| | - Yan-Yang Liu
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Chen-Xia Han
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xin-Xue Li
- World Federation of Chinese Medicine Societies, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yue-Han Song
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Zhuo-Yun Wu
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Feng-Yun Wang
- Xiyuan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Nan Kang
- Xiyuan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, 100091, China
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Closing the translational gap between mutant mouse models and the clinical reality of psychotic illness. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2015; 58:19-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2014] [Revised: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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35
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Pittman-Polletta BR, Kocsis B, Vijayan S, Whittington MA, Kopell NJ. Brain rhythms connect impaired inhibition to altered cognition in schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry 2015; 77:1020-30. [PMID: 25850619 PMCID: PMC4444389 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Revised: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, schizophrenia research has focused on inhibitory interneuron dysfunction at the level of neurobiology and on cognitive impairments at the psychological level. Reviewing both experimental and computational findings, we show how the temporal structure of the activity of neuronal populations, exemplified by brain rhythms, can begin to bridge these levels of complexity. Oscillations in neuronal activity tie the pathophysiology of schizophrenia to alterations in local processing and large-scale coordination, and these alterations in turn can lead to the cognitive and perceptual disturbances observed in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin R. Pittman-Polletta
- Cognitive Rhythms Collaborative, Boston, MA,Department of Mathematics & Statistics, Boston University, Boston MA,Corresponding author. Please send correspondence to: 111 Cummington Mall, Boston MA 02215. Phone: 617-353-2560. Fax: 617-353-8100., (Benjamin R. Pittman-Polletta)
| | - Bernat Kocsis
- Cognitive Rhythms Collaborative, Boston, MA,Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA
| | - Sujith Vijayan
- Cognitive Rhythms Collaborative, Boston, MA,Department of Mathematics & Statistics, Boston University, Boston MA
| | - Miles A. Whittington
- Cognitive Rhythms Collaborative, Boston, MA,Department of Neuroscience, Hull York Medical School, York University, UK
| | - Nancy J. Kopell
- Cognitive Rhythms Collaborative, Boston, MA,Department of Mathematics & Statistics, Boston University, Boston MA
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Muraki K, Tanigaki K. Neuronal migration abnormalities and its possible implications for schizophrenia. Front Neurosci 2015; 9:74. [PMID: 25805966 PMCID: PMC4354421 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2015.00074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a complex mental disorder that displays behavioral deficits such as decreased sensory gating, reduced social interaction and working memory deficits. The neurodevelopmental model is one of the widely accepted hypotheses of the etiology of schizophrenia. Subtle developmental abnormalities of the brain which stated long before the onset of clinical symptoms are thought to lead to the emergence of illness. Schizophrenia has strong genetic components but its underlying molecular pathogenesis is still poorly understood. Genetic linkage and association studies have identified several genes involved in neuronal migrations as candidate susceptibility genes for schizophrenia, although their effect size is small. Recent progress in copy number variation studies also has identified much higher risk loci such as 22q11. Based on these genetic findings, we are now able to utilize genetically-defined animal models. Here we summarize the results of neurodevelopmental and behavioral analysis of genetically-defined animal models. Furthermore, animal model experiments have demonstrated that embryonic and perinatal neurodevelopmental insults in neurogenesis and neuronal migrations cause neuronal functional and behavioral deficits in affected adult animals, which are similar to those of schizophrenic patients. However, these findings do not establish causative relationship. Genetically-defined animal models are a critical approach to explore the relationship between neuronal migration abnormalities and behavioral abnormalities relevant to schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazue Muraki
- Shiga Medical Center, Research Institute Moriyama, Shiga, Japan
| | - Kenji Tanigaki
- Shiga Medical Center, Research Institute Moriyama, Shiga, Japan
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