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Guo J, Niu K, Ma BF, Sun LN, Fang QW, An JX. Electroacupuncture ameliorates surgery-induced spatial memory deficits by promoting mitophagy in rats. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2023; 11:74. [PMID: 36819507 PMCID: PMC9929787 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-6262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Background This study sought to explore the mechanism underlying the therapeutic effects of electroacupuncture (EA) on spatial memory deficits caused by surgery. Methods Hepatic apex resection was performed under propofol-based total intravenous anesthesia. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to EA treatment or EA + mitochondrial division inhibitor-1 (mdivi-1) treatment once a day for three consecutive days after surgery. The Morris water maze test was used to evaluate the spatial memory of the rats after surgery. Tissue from the hippocampus of each rat was frozen and used for transcriptomic and proteomic analyses to identify potential targets for EA treatment. Western blotting was used to confirm the protein expression levels. The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) were detected using commercial kits. The rat mitochondria were then isolated, and the activity of mitochondrial complex V was assessed. Results EA attenuated surgery-induced spatial memory deficits on postoperative day 3, while these effects were reversed by treatment with the mdivi-1 (P<0.05). Ribonucleic acid (RNA)-sequencing revealed that EA upregulated multiple metabolic pathways and the phosphatidylinositol 3‑kinas/protein kinase B signaling pathway. The proteomic and western blotting results suggested that the EA treatment substantially downregulated coiled-coil-helix-coiled-coil-helix domain containing 3 (ChChd3) expression in the hippocampus. The EA treatment significantly increased the autophagy-related protein levels, including phosphatase and tensin homolog-induced kinase 1, Parkin, MAP1LC3 (LC3), and Beclin1, and inhibited the production of ROS and inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β in the hippocampus (P<0.05). Conclusions These results suggest that EA ameliorates postoperative spatial memory deficits and protects hippocampus from oxidative stress and inflammation through enhanced autophagy in an animal model of perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PNDs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Guo
- School of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China;,Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Sleep Medicine, Aviation General Hospital of China Medical University and Beijing Institute of Translational Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China;,Department of Anesthesiology, Yan’an People’s Hospital, Yan’an, China
| | - Kun Niu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Sleep Medicine, Aviation General Hospital of China Medical University and Beijing Institute of Translational Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China;,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Bao-Feng Ma
- School of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China;,Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Sleep Medicine, Aviation General Hospital of China Medical University and Beijing Institute of Translational Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Na Sun
- School of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China;,Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Sleep Medicine, Aviation General Hospital of China Medical University and Beijing Institute of Translational Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qi-Wu Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Sleep Medicine, Aviation General Hospital of China Medical University and Beijing Institute of Translational Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Xiong An
- School of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China;,Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Sleep Medicine, Aviation General Hospital of China Medical University and Beijing Institute of Translational Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China;,Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Sleep Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
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2
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Whey protein protects liver mitochondrial function against oxidative stress in rats exposed to acrolein. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2022; 73:200-206. [PMID: 36226819 PMCID: PMC9837534 DOI: 10.2478/aiht-2022-73-3640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acrolein (AC) is one of the most toxic environmental pollutants, often associated with incomplete combustion of petrol, wood, and plastic, oil frying, and tobacco smoking, that causes oxidative damage to DNA and mitochondria. Considering that little is known about the protective effects of whey protein (WP) against AC-induced liver toxicity, the aim of our study was to learn more about them in respect to liver mitochondrial oxidative stress, respiratory enzymes, Krebs cycle enzymes, and adenosine triphosphate (ATP). To do that, we treated Sprague Dawley rats with daily doses of AC alone (5 mg/kg bw in 0.9 % NaCl solution), WP alone (200 mg/kg bw, in 0.9 % NaCl solution), or their combination by oral gavage for six days a week over 30 days. As expected, the AC group showed a drop in glutathione levels and antioxidant, transport chain, and tricarboxylic acid cycle enzyme activities and a significant rise in mitochondrial lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyl levels. Co-treatment with WP mitigated oxidative stress and improved enzyme activities. Judging by the measured parameters, WP reduced AC toxicity by improving bioenergetic mechanisms and eliminating oxidative stress.
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3
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Lushchak VI, Duszenko M, Gospodaryov DV, Garaschuk O. Oxidative Stress and Energy Metabolism in the Brain: Midlife as a Turning Point. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1715. [PMID: 34829586 PMCID: PMC8614699 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural tissue is one of the main oxygen consumers in the mammalian body, and a plentitude of metabolic as well as signaling processes within the brain is accompanied by the generation of reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen (RNS) species. Besides the important signaling roles, both ROS and RNS can damage/modify the self-derived cellular components thus promoting neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. While previously, the latter processes were thought to progress linearly with age, newer data point to midlife as a critical turning point. Here, we describe (i) the main pathways leading to ROS/RNS generation within the brain, (ii) the main defense systems for their neutralization and (iii) summarize the recent literature about considerable changes in the energy/ROS homeostasis as well as activation state of the brain's immune system at midlife. Finally, we discuss the role of calorie restriction as a readily available and cost-efficient antiaging and antioxidant lifestyle intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volodymyr I. Lushchak
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenko Str., 76018 Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine; (V.I.L.); (D.V.G.)
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, 46002 Ternopil, Ukraine
- Research and Development University, 13a Shota Rustaveli Str., 76018 Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
| | - Michael Duszenko
- Department of Neurophysiology, Institute of Physiology, University of Tübingen, 72074 Tübingen, Germany;
| | - Dmytro V. Gospodaryov
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenko Str., 76018 Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine; (V.I.L.); (D.V.G.)
| | - Olga Garaschuk
- Department of Neurophysiology, Institute of Physiology, University of Tübingen, 72074 Tübingen, Germany;
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4
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Zalachoras I, Hollis F, Ramos-Fernández E, Trovo L, Sonnay S, Geiser E, Preitner N, Steiner P, Sandi C, Morató L. Therapeutic potential of glutathione-enhancers in stress-related psychopathologies. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 114:134-155. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Giblin L, Yalçın AS, Biçim G, Krämer AC, Chen Z, Callanan MJ, Arranz E, Davies MJ. Whey proteins: targets of oxidation, or mediators of redox protection. Free Radic Res 2019; 53:1136-1152. [PMID: 31510814 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2019.1632445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Bovine whey proteins are highly valued dairy ingredients. This is primarily due to their amino acid content, digestibility, bioactivities and their processing characteristics. One of the reported bioactivities of whey proteins is antioxidant activity. Numerous dietary intervention trials with humans and animals indicate that consumption of whey products can modulate redox biomarkers to reduce oxidative stress. This bioactivity has in part been assigned to whey peptides using a range of biochemical or cellular assays in vitro. Superimposing whey peptide sequences from gastrointestinal samples, with whey peptides proven to be antioxidant in vitro, allows us to propose peptides from whey likely to exhibit antioxidant activity in the diet. However, whey proteins themselves are targets of oxidation during processing particularly when exposed to high thermal loads and/or extensive processing (e.g. infant formula manufacture). Oxidative damage of whey proteins can be selective with regard to the residues that are modified and are associated with the degree of protein unfolding, with α-Lactalbumin more susceptible than β-Lactoglobulin. Such oxidative damage may have adverse effects on human health. This review summarises how whey proteins can modulate cellular redox pathways and conversely how whey proteins can be oxidised during processing. Given the extensive processing steps that whey proteins are often subjected to, we conclude that oxidation during processing is likely to compromise the positive health attributes associated with whey proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Giblin
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Cork, Ireland
| | - A Süha Yalçın
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Gökhan Biçim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Anna C Krämer
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Zhifei Chen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael J Callanan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Cork Institute of Technology, Cork, Ireland
| | - Elena Arranz
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Cork, Ireland
| | - Michael J Davies
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Yeligar SM, Kang BY, Bijli KM, Kleinhenz JM, Murphy TC, Torres G, San Martin A, Sutliff RL, Hart CM. PPARγ Regulates Mitochondrial Structure and Function and Human Pulmonary Artery Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2019; 58:648-657. [PMID: 29182484 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2016-0293oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive disorder that causes significant morbidity and mortality despite existing therapies. PH pathogenesis is characterized by metabolic derangements that increase pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell (PASMC) proliferation and vascular remodeling. PH-associated decreases in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) stimulate PASMC proliferation, and PPARγ in coordination with PPARγ coactivator 1α (PGC1α) regulates mitochondrial gene expression and biogenesis. To further examine the impact of decreases in PPARγ expression on human PASMC (HPASMC) mitochondrial function, we hypothesized that depletion of either PPARγ or PGC1α perturbs mitochondrial structure and function to stimulate PASMC proliferation. To test this hypothesis, HPASMCs were exposed to hypoxia and treated pharmacologically with the PPARγ antagonist GW9662 or with siRNA against PPARγ or PGC1α for 72 hours. HPASMC proliferation (cell counting), target mRNA levels (qRT-PCR), target protein levels (Western blotting), mitochondria-derived H2O2 (confocal immunofluorescence), mitochondrial mass and fragmentation, and mitochondrial bioenergetic profiling were determined. Hypoxia or knockdown of either PPARγ or PGC1α increased HPASMC proliferation, enhanced mitochondria-derived H2O2, decreased mitochondrial mass, stimulated mitochondrial fragmentation, and impaired mitochondrial bioenergetics. Taken together, these findings provide novel evidence that loss of PPARγ diminishes PGC1α and stimulates derangements in mitochondrial structure and function that cause PASMC proliferation. Overexpression of PGC1α reversed hypoxia-induced HPASMC derangements. This study identifies additional mechanistic underpinnings of PH, and provides support for the notion of activating PPARγ as a novel therapeutic strategy in PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha M Yeligar
- 1 Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia.,2 Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia; and
| | - Bum-Yong Kang
- 1 Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia.,2 Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia; and
| | - Kaiser M Bijli
- 1 Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia.,2 Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia; and
| | - Jennifer M Kleinhenz
- 1 Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia.,2 Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia; and
| | - Tamara C Murphy
- 1 Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia.,2 Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia; and
| | - Gloria Torres
- 3 Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Alejandra San Martin
- 3 Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Roy L Sutliff
- 1 Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia.,2 Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia; and
| | - C Michael Hart
- 1 Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia.,2 Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia; and
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Aydın B, Atlı Şekeroğlu Z, Şekeroğlu V. Effects of whey protein and conjugated linoleic acid on acrolein-induced cardiac oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and dyslipidemia in rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 107:901-907. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.08.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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Ho CF, Jiao Y, Wei B, Yang Z, Wang HY, Wu YY, Yang C, Tseng KW, Huang CY, Chen CY, Kuo CH. Protein supplementation enhances cerebral oxygenation during exercise in elite basketball players. Nutrition 2018; 53:34-37. [PMID: 29631106 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2018.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Revised: 12/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to examine cerebral oxygenation during high-intensity exercise in elite basketball players who consumed supplements with different whey protein contents after a short postexercise recovery to determine whether changing whey protein content in carbohydrate-based supplementation influences cerebral hemodynamic response when the supplement was consumed during a 2-h recovery after a 1-h exercise challenge. METHODS This was a randomized, counterbalanced crossover study. Fifteen Division 1 collegiate basketball players (18-20 y) consumed 6.25 kcal/kg of either high-protein (36% protein in total calorie) or an isocaloric low-protein (12% protein in total calorie) control supplement in a carbohydrate-based drink immediately after a 1-h cycling (70% of maximal oxygen consumption [VO2max]). After a 2-h rest, the athletes were challenged on a cycloergometer at 80% VO2max. Blood perfusion (total hemoglobin) and oxygen saturation of frontal brain were continuously measured by near-infrared spectroscopy during the cycling. RESULTS Before the cycloergometer test, high-protein supplementation increased peak insulin response and lowered glucose increases during the recovery compared with the low-protein trial. High-protein supplementation enhanced increases in cerebral oxygen saturation (P < 0.01) and attenuated increases in cerebral blood perfusion (total hemoglobin; P < 0.01) during the cycloergometer exercise; and resulted in a 16% longer cycling time (from 474 ± 49 s to 553 ± 78 s, P < 0.05), compared with the low-protein trial. CONCLUSION Enhanced fatigue recovery after consumption of a high-protein supplement is associated with enhanced cerebral oxygenation against exercise challenge, which spares brain blood demand for periphery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Feng Ho
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan; Shih Hsin University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying Jiao
- Competitor Institute of Sports Nutrition, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Wei
- Competitor Institute of Sports Nutrition, Beijing, China
| | - Zeyi Yang
- Competitor Institute of Sports Nutrition, Beijing, China
| | - Hsuan-Yun Wang
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan; Shih Hsin University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-You Wu
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi Yang
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Wei Tseng
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yen Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hua Kuo
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Mohandas G, Rao SV, Muralidhara, Rajini PS. Whey protein isolate enrichment attenuates manganese-induced oxidative stress and neurotoxicity in Drosophila melanogaster: Relevance to Parkinson’s disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 95:1596-1606. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.09.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
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Aydın B, Atlı Şekeroğlu Z, Şekeroğlu V. Acrolein-induced oxidative stress and genotoxicity in rats: protective effects of whey protein and conjugated linoleic acid. Drug Chem Toxicol 2017; 41:225-231. [DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2017.1354872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Birsen Aydın
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Amasya University, Amasya, Turkey
| | - Zülal Atlı Şekeroğlu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Ordu University, Ordu, Turkey
| | - Vedat Şekeroğlu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Ordu University, Ordu, Turkey
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11
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Bosutti A, Salanova M, Blottner D, Buehlmeier J, Mulder E, Rittweger J, Yap MH, Ganse B, Degens H. Whey protein with potassium bicarbonate supplement attenuates the reduction in muscle oxidative capacity during 19 days of bed rest. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2016; 121:838-848. [DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00936.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The effectiveness of whey protein plus potassium bicarbonate-enriched diet (WP+KHCO3) in mitigating disuse-induced changes in muscle fiber oxidative capacity and capillarization was investigated in a 21-day crossover design bed rest study. Ten healthy men (31 ± 6 yr) once received WP+KHCO3 and once received a standardized isocaloric diet. Muscle biopsies were taken 2 days before and during the 19th day of bed rest (BR) from the soleus (SOL) and vastus lateralis (VL) muscle. Whole-body aerobic power (V̇o2 max), muscle fatigue, and isometric strength of knee extensor and plantar flexor muscles were monitored. Muscle fiber types and capillaries were identified by immunohistochemistry. Fiber oxidative capacity was determined as the optical density (OD) at 660 nm of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH)-stained sections. The product of fiber cross-sectional area and SDH-OD (integrated SDH) indicated the maximal oxygen consumption of that fiber. The maximal oxygen consumption supported by a capillary was calculated as the integrated SDH in its supply area. BR reduced isometric strength of knee extensor muscles ( P < 0.05), and the fiber oxidative capacity ( P < 0.001) and V̇o2 max ( P = 0.042), but had no significant impact on muscle capillarization or fatigue resistance of thigh muscles. The maximal oxygen consumption supported by a capillary was reduced by 24% in SOL and 16% in VL ( P < 0.001). WP+KHCO3 attenuated the disuse-induced reduction in fiber oxidative capacity in both muscles ( P < 0.01). In conclusion, following 19 days of bed rest, the decrement in fiber oxidative capacity is proportionally larger than the loss of capillaries. WP+KHCO3 appears to attenuate disuse-induced reductions in fiber oxidative capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Bosutti
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Cattinara Hospital, Trieste, Italy
- School of Healthcare Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | | | - Dieter Blottner
- Center for Space Medicine Berlin (ZWMB), Berlin, Germany
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Vegetative Anatomy, Berlin, Germany
| | - Judith Buehlmeier
- University of Bonn, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center DLR, Cologne, Germany; and
| | - Edwin Mulder
- Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center DLR, Cologne, Germany; and
| | - Jörn Rittweger
- Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center DLR, Cologne, Germany; and
| | - Moi Hoon Yap
- School of Healthcare Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Bergita Ganse
- Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center DLR, Cologne, Germany; and
| | - Hans Degens
- School of Healthcare Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
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12
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Pasco JA, Williams LJ, Brennan-Olsen SL, Berk M, Jacka FN. Milk consumption and the risk for incident major depressive disorder. PSYCHOTHERAPY AND PSYCHOSOMATICS 2016; 84:384-6. [PMID: 26402222 DOI: 10.1159/000381831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julie A Pasco
- IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Vic., Australia
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Mobley CB, Fox CD, Ferguson BS, Pascoe CA, Healy JC, McAdam JS, Lockwood CM, Roberts MD. Effects of protein type and composition on postprandial markers of skeletal muscle anabolism, adipose tissue lipolysis, and hypothalamic gene expression. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2015; 12:14. [PMID: 25792976 PMCID: PMC4365970 DOI: 10.1186/s12970-015-0076-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background We examined the acute effects of different dietary protein sources (0.19 g, dissolved in 1 ml of water) on skeletal muscle, adipose tissue and hypothalamic satiety-related markers in fasted, male Wistar rats (~250 g). Methods Oral gavage treatments included: a) whey protein concentrate (WPC, n = 15); b) 70:30 hydrolyzed whey-to-hydrolyzed egg albumin (70 W/30E, n = 15); c) 50 W/50E (n = 15); d) 30 W/70E (n = 15); and e) 1 ml of water with no protein as a fasting control (CTL, n = 14). Results Skeletal muscle analyses revealed that compared to CTL: a) phosphorylated (p) markers of mTOR signaling [p-mTOR (Ser2481) and p-rps6 (Ser235/236)] were elevated 2–4-fold in all protein groups 90 min post-treatment (p < 0.05); b) WPC and 70 W/30E increased muscle protein synthesis (MPS) 104% and 74% 180 min post-treatment, respectively (p < 0.05); and c) 70 W/30E increased p-AMPKα (Thr172) 90 and 180-min post-treatment as well as PGC-1α mRNA 90 min post-treatment. Subcutaneous (SQ) and omental fat (OMAT) analyses revealed: a) 70 W/30 W increased SQ fat phosphorylated hormone-sensitive lipase [p-HSL (Ser563)] 3.1-fold versus CTL and a 1.9–4.4-fold change versus all other test proteins 180 min post-treatment (p < 0.05); and b) WPC, 70 W/30E and 50 W/50E increased OMAT p-HSL 3.8–6.5-fold 180 min post-treatment versus CTL (p < 0.05). 70 W/30E and 30 W/70E increased hypothalamic POMC mRNA 90 min post-treatment versus CTL rats suggesting a satiety-related response may have occurred in the former groups. However, there was a compensatory increase in orexigenic AGRP mRNA in the 70 W/30E group 90 min post-treatment versus CTL rats, and there was a compensatory increase in orexigenic NPY mRNA in the 30 W/70E group 90 min post-treatment versus CTL rats. Conclusions Higher amounts of whey versus egg protein stimulate the greatest post-treatment anabolic skeletal muscle response, though test proteins with higher amounts of WPH more favorably affected post-treatment markers related to adipose tissue lipolysis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12970-015-0076-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Brooks Mobley
- School of Kinesiology, Molecular and Applied Sciences Laboratory, Auburn University, 301 Wire Road, Office 286, Auburn, AL 36849 USA
| | - Carlton D Fox
- School of Kinesiology, Molecular and Applied Sciences Laboratory, Auburn University, 301 Wire Road, Office 286, Auburn, AL 36849 USA
| | - Brian S Ferguson
- School of Kinesiology, Molecular and Applied Sciences Laboratory, Auburn University, 301 Wire Road, Office 286, Auburn, AL 36849 USA
| | - Corrie A Pascoe
- School of Kinesiology, Molecular and Applied Sciences Laboratory, Auburn University, 301 Wire Road, Office 286, Auburn, AL 36849 USA
| | - James C Healy
- School of Kinesiology, Molecular and Applied Sciences Laboratory, Auburn University, 301 Wire Road, Office 286, Auburn, AL 36849 USA
| | - Jeremy S McAdam
- School of Kinesiology, Molecular and Applied Sciences Laboratory, Auburn University, 301 Wire Road, Office 286, Auburn, AL 36849 USA
| | | | - Michael D Roberts
- School of Kinesiology, Molecular and Applied Sciences Laboratory, Auburn University, 301 Wire Road, Office 286, Auburn, AL 36849 USA
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Schenewerk AL, Ramírez FÍ, Foote C, Ji T, Martínez-Lemus LA, Rivera RM. Effects of the use of assisted reproduction and high-caloric diet consumption on body weight and cardiovascular health of juvenile mouse offspring. Reproduction 2013; 147:111-23. [PMID: 24163396 DOI: 10.1530/rep-13-0354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Maternal obesity and the use of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) are two suboptimal developmental environments that can lead to offspring obesity and cardiovascular disease. We hypothesized that these environments independently and synergistically adversely affect the offspring's weight and cardiovascular performance at ~7 weeks of age. Mice were fed either 24% fat and 17.5% high-fructose (HF) corn syrup or maintenance chow (5% fat; low-fat, no-fructose (LF)). Dams were subdivided into no ART and ART groups. ART embryos were cultured in Whitten's medium and transferred into pseudopregnant recipients consuming the same diet as the donor. Offspring were fed the same diet as the mother. Body weights (BW) were measured weekly and mean arterial pressure (MAP) was collected through carotid artery catheterization at killing (55±0.5 days old). Expression of genes involved in cardiovascular remodeling was measured in thoracic aorta using qRT-PCR, and levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured intracellularly and extracellularly in mesenteric resistance arteries. ART resulted in increased BW at weaning. This effect decreased over time and diet was the predominant determinant of BW by killing. Males had greater MAP than females (P=0.002) and HF consumption was associated with greater MAP regardless of sex (P<0.05). Gene expression was affected by sex (P<0.05) and diet (P<0.1). Lastly, the use of ART resulted in offspring with increased intracellular ROS (P=0.05). In summary, exposure to an obesogenic diet pre- and/or post-natally affects weight, MAP, and gene expression while ART increases oxidative stress in mesenteric resistance arteries of juvenile offspring, no synergistic effects were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela L Schenewerk
- Division of Animal Sciences, 164 Animal Science Research Center, University of Missouri, 920 East Campus Drive, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
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