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Davari Zanjani M, Khodabandeh Z, Edalatmanesh MA. The Protective Effect of Taurine and Curcumin on Autophagy-Related Genes in the Oocytes of the Mouse Treated with Acrylamide. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2025; 50:260-269. [PMID: 40255227 PMCID: PMC12008657 DOI: 10.30476/ijms.2024.101801.3444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2025]
Abstract
Background Autophagy is also essential for both male and female infertility since it controls the development of germ cells and reproductive organs. This study aimed to investigate the effects of taurine and curcumin on the expression of genes related to autophagy in acrylamide-treated mice. Methods In 2022, this experimental study was conducted at the Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Stem Cells Technology Research Centre. Forty-eight mice were randomly assigned to eight groups (control, curcumin 200 mg/Kg, taurine 150 mg/Kg, acrylamide 50 mg/Kg, acrylamide+curcumin 100 mg/Kg, acrylamide+curcumin 200, acrylamide+taurine 75 mg/Kg, acrylamide+taurine 150 mg/Kg). Finally, oocyte characteristics and gene expression were determined in each group using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) by SPSS 25 and GraphPad 9, respectively. P<0.05 was conducted statistically significant. Results A significant decrease was observed in several oocytes in the acrylamide group compared to the control group (P<0.001). The expression levels of light chain 3 (LC3), autophagy-related gene (ATG)12, ATG5, and Beclin1 significantly increased in the acrylamide compared to the control group. A significant increase in the number of oocytes was observed in the taurine group compared to the control. The expression levels of LC3, ATG12, ATG5, and Beclin1 significantly decreased in the acrylamide+taurine (150 mg/Kg) compared to the acrylamide group. Conclusion The acrylamide negatively impacts oocyte viability and causes the higher expression of autophagy-related genes. Taurine may encourage the fusion of autophagosomes with lysosomes by removing autophagic obstruction, potentially accelerating autophagy and protecting against oxidative stress. Taurine is more effective than curcumin at reducing the harmful effects of acrylamide. As a result, taurine can be proposed as a potential treatment drug for acrylamide-induced infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zahra Khodabandeh
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Zhou X, Dong S, Xu Y. Molecular Mechanisms of Propofol-Induced Cognitive Impairment: Suppression of Critical Hippocampal Pathways. J Neurochem 2025; 169:e70070. [PMID: 40265596 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.70070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2025] [Accepted: 03/31/2025] [Indexed: 04/24/2025]
Abstract
Propofol, a commonly used anesthetic, is known to cause postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD), particularly after prolonged or high-dose administration. Its effects on neural remodeling in the hippocampal region, which is vital for cognitive function, remain poorly understood. This study employs single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and high-throughput transcriptomic analysis to elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which propofol impairs hippocampal neural remodeling. Our findings indicate that propofol suppresses the (5-Hydroxytryptamine Receptor 1A/Glutamate Receptor 2/Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase Regulatory Subunit 1) HTR1A/GRIA2/PIK3R1 signaling pathway, contributing to cognitive dysfunction in mice. In vitro experiments reveal that propofol treatment reduces the expression of HTR1A/GRIA2/PIK3R1-related factors, decreases neuronal activity and synaptic plasticity, and increases apoptosis and inflammation. In vivo experiments demonstrate significant impairments in spatial memory and learning abilities in mice treated with propofol. These results provide new insights into the long-term effects of anesthetic drugs and offer a scientific basis for their judicious use in clinical practice. The study highlights potential strategies and targets for preventing and treating POCD, emphasizing the importance of understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying anesthetic-induced cognitive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyue Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Air Force Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Shasha Dong
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhai Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Air Force Medical Center, Beijing, China
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Alaçam B, Başarır ŞN, Tuna AT, Palabıyık O, Çakıroğlu H. The effect of Amantadine on recovery, postoperative cognitive dysfunction and pain after propofol anesthesia in mice. Behav Brain Res 2025; 477:115290. [PMID: 39396575 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 10/10/2024] [Indexed: 10/15/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) encompasses a spectrum of cognitive impairments following surgery, attributed to disruptions in brain homeostasis. The pathogenesis involves glutamate toxicity, GABA receptor dysfunction, and alterations in NMDA and AMPA receptors. This study aimed to investigate the impact of pre-anesthetic amantadine administration on postoperative recovery time, POCD, and stress-related pain levels when combined with propofol anesthesia. METHODS Twenty-four adult male BALB/C mice were divided into four groups: Control, Propofol, Amantadine, and Amantadine+Propofol. Amantadine and propofol doses were administered intraperitoneally based on previous literature. Recovery time, pain levels (assessed via tail pinch and hot plate tests), cognitive functions (evaluated through Morris Water Maze), and locomotor activity (measured via Open Field Test) were recorded. RESULTS Amantadine administration significantly reduced recovery time from propofol anesthesia, prolonged pain perception, and preserved cognitive functions compared to propofol alone. The time spent in the target quadrant in the Morris Water Maze was significantly longer in groups receiving amantadine. Additionally, the distance covered until finding the platform was significantly shorter in the propofol-only group. DISCUSSION Amantadine's neuroprotective effects, attributed to its antagonistic action on glutamate and NMDA receptors, mitigate the detrimental effects of propofol on cognitive function and pain perception. This study highlights the potential of combining amantadine with propofol to enhance postoperative outcomes. CONCLUSION Amantadine administration before propofol anesthesia positively influenced postoperative recovery, cognitive function preservation, and stress-related pain perception in mice. These findings suggest a potential therapeutic strategy to mitigate POCD and pain associated with surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burçin Alaçam
- Sakarya University Faculty of Medicine Anesthesiology and Reanimation Department, Sakarya, Turkey.
| | - Şeyma Nur Başarır
- Sakarya University Faculty of Medicine Pharmacology Department, Sakarya, Turkey.
| | - Ayça Taş Tuna
- Sakarya University Faculty of Medicine Anesthesiology and Reanimation Department, Sakarya, Turkey.
| | - Onur Palabıyık
- Sakarya University Faculty of Medicine Anesthesiology and Reanimation Department, Sakarya, Turkey.
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Wang K, Wang Y, Zhang T, Chang B, Fu D, Chen X. The Role of Intravenous Anesthetics for Neuro: Protection or Toxicity? Neurosci Bull 2025; 41:107-130. [PMID: 39153174 PMCID: PMC11748649 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-024-01265-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The primary intravenous anesthetics employed in clinical practice encompass dexmedetomidine (Dex), propofol, ketamine, etomidate, midazolam, and remimazolam. Apart from their established sedative, analgesic, and anxiolytic properties, an increasing body of research has uncovered neuroprotective effects of intravenous anesthetics in various animal and cellular models, as well as in clinical studies. However, there also exists conflicting evidence pointing to the potential neurotoxic effects of these intravenous anesthetics. The role of intravenous anesthetics for neuro on both sides of protection or toxicity has been rarely summarized. Considering the mentioned above, this work aims to offer a comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms involved both in the central nerve system (CNS) and the peripheral nerve system (PNS) and provide valuable insights into the potential safety and risk associated with the clinical use of intravenous anesthetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yafeng Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Tianhao Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Bingcheng Chang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou, University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550003, China
| | - Daan Fu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Xiangdong Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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Hu Y, Huang H, Jiang Y, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Tian Y, Zhang Q. Liraglutide improves sevoflurane-induced postoperative cognitive dysfunction via activating autophagy and inhibiting apoptosis. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:3763-3772. [PMID: 38364258 PMCID: PMC10929805 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a common postoperative complication in elderly patients. Liraglutide (LRG) has high homology (97%) with natural glucagon like peptide-1, and it has been proved to be effective in some nervous system diseases. Whether LRG could regulate POCD has not been reported. METHODS Sevoflurane (Sev) was used to simulate postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) model. Morris water maze test was performed to evaluate the memory ability and neurological function of rats. Escape latency, swim distance, crossing platform times, average velocity, and targeting quadrant time were analyzed. The cell apoptosis, mRNA and protein expression were measured through flow cytometry, PCR, and western blotting, respectively. RESULTS LRG significantly improved the memory ability and neurological function of Sev-treated rats, but 3-MA reversed the effects of LRG. LRG remarkably inhibited apoptosis but up-regulated autophagy related proteins both in vivo and in vitro levels. However, knocking down AMPK could markedly reverse the influence of LRG on apoptosis, autophagy, and cell apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS LRG induced autophagy activation can maintain cell homeostasis and promote cell survival by blocking the apoptotic pathway. LRG could improve Sev-induced POCD via activating autophagy, inhibiting apoptosis, and regulating AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway. This study provides a novel therapeutic strategy for the prevention and treatment of POCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Hu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The 1st Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Haijin Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Operative medicine, Medical Center of Anesthesiology and Pain, The 1st Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yao Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Operative medicine, Medical Center of Anesthesiology and Pain, The 1st Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jingling Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Operative medicine, Medical Center of Anesthesiology and Pain, The 1st Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical Center of Anesthesiology and Pain, The 1st Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ying Tian
- Department of Anesthesiology and Operative medicine, Medical Center of Anesthesiology and Pain, The 1st Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Operative medicine, Medical Center of Anesthesiology and Pain, The 1st Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
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Liu Y, Yang W, Xue J, Chen J, Liu S, Zhang S, Zhang X, Gu X, Dong Y, Qiu P. Neuroinflammation: The central enabler of postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115582. [PMID: 37748409 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The proportion of advanced age patients undergoing surgical procedures is on the rise owing to advancements in surgical and anesthesia technologies as well as an overall aging population. As a complication of anesthesia and surgery, older patients frequently suffer from postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD), which may persist for weeks, months or even longer. POCD is a complex pathological process involving multiple pathogenic factors, and its mechanism is yet unclear. Potential theories include inflammation, deposition of pathogenic proteins, imbalance of neurotransmitters, and chronic stress. The identification, prevention, and treatment of POCD are still in the exploratory stages owing to the absence of standardized diagnostic criteria. Undoubtedly, comprehending the development of POCD remains crucial in overcoming the illness. Neuroinflammation is the leading hypothesis and a crucial component of the pathological network of POCD and may have complex interactions with other mechanisms. In this review, we discuss the possible ways in which surgery and anesthesia cause neuroinflammation and investigate the connection between neuroinflammation and the development of POCD. Understanding these mechanisms may likely ensure that future treatment options of POCD are more effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning province, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning province, China
| | - Jinqi Xue
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning province, China
| | - Juntong Chen
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang province, China
| | - Shiqing Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Shijie Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xi Gu
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning province, China.
| | - Youjing Dong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Peng Qiu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning Province, China.
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Yu S, Liao J, Lin X, Luo Y, Lu G. Crucial role of autophagy in propofol-treated neurological diseases: a comprehensive review. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1274727. [PMID: 37946715 PMCID: PMC10631783 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1274727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurological disorders are the leading cause of disability and death globally. Currently, there is a significant concern about the therapeutic strategies that can offer reliable and cost-effective treatment for neurological diseases. Propofol is a widely used general intravenous anesthetic in the clinic. Emerging studies demonstrate that propofol exerts neuroprotective effects on neurological diseases and disorders, while its underlying pathogenic mechanism is not well understood. Autophagy, an important process of cell turnover in eukaryotes, has been suggested to involve in the neuroprotective properties developed by propofol. In this narrative review, we summarized the current evidence on the roles of autophagy in propofol-associated neurological diseases. This study highlighted the effect of propofol on the nervous system and the crucial roles of autophagy. According to the 21 included studies, we found that propofol was a double-edged sword for neurological disorders. Several eligible studies reported that propofol caused neuronal cell damage by regulating autophagy, leading to cognitive dysfunction and other neurological diseases, especially high concentration and dose of propofol. However, some of them have shown that in the model of existing nervous system diseases (e.g., cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, electroconvulsive therapy injury, cobalt chloride-induced injury, TNF-α-induced injury, and sleep deprivation-induced injury), propofol might play a neuroprotective role by regulating autophagy, thus improving the degree of nerve damage. Autophagy plays a pivotal role in the neurological system by regulating oxidative stress, inflammatory response, calcium release, and other mechanisms, which may be associated with the interaction of a variety of related proteins and signal cascades. With extensive in-depth research in the future, the autophagic mechanism mediated by propofol will be fully understood, which may facilitate the feasibility of propofol in the prevention and treatment of neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sicong Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Jian Liao
- Department of Nephrology, Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiaxing, China
| | - Xuezheng Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Yu Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Guangtao Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
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Kang N, Han X, Li Z, Liu T, Mi X, Li Y, Guo X, Han D, Yang N. Rapamycin Affects the Hippocampal SNARE Complex to Alleviate Cognitive Dysfunction Induced by Surgery in Aged Rats. Brain Sci 2023; 13:598. [PMID: 37190563 PMCID: PMC10136734 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13040598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Delayed neurocognitive recovery (dNCR) is a common complication that occurs post-surgery, especially in elderly individuals. The soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) complex plays an essential role in various membrane fusion events, such as synaptic vesicle exocytosis and autophagosome-lysosome fusion. Although SNARE complex dysfunction has been observed in several neurodegenerative disorders, the causal link between SNARE-mediated membrane fusion and dNCR remains unclear. We previously demonstrated that surgical stimuli caused cognitive impairment in aged rats by inducing α-synuclein accumulation, inhibiting autophagy, and disrupting neurotransmitter release in hippocampal synaptosomes. Here, we evaluated the effects of propofol anesthesia plus surgery on learning and memory and investigated levels of SNARE proteins and chaperones in hippocampal synaptosomes. Aged rats that received propofol anesthesia and surgery exhibited learning and memory impairments in a Morris water maze test and decreased levels of synaptosome-associated protein 25, synaptobrevin/vesicle-associated membrane protein 2, and syntaxin 1. Levels of SNARE chaperones, including mammalian uncoordinated-18, complexins 1 and 2, cysteine string protein-α, and N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor, were all significantly decreased following anesthesia with surgical stress. However, the synaptic vesicle marker synaptophysin was unaffected. The autophagy-enhancer rapamycin attenuated structural and functional disturbances of the SNARE complex and ameliorated disrupted neurotransmitter release. Our results indicate that perturbations of SNARE proteins in hippocampal synaptosomes may underlie the occurrence of dNCR. Moreover, the protective effect of rapamycin may partially occur through recovery of SNARE structural and functional abnormalities. Our findings provide insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying dNCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Kang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaoguang Han
- Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing 100035, China
- Department of Spine Surgery, Peking University Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100035, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Robotic Orthopaedics, Beijing 100035, China
| | - Zhengqian Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Taotao Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xinning Mi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiangyang Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Dengyang Han
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ning Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
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Ma Z, Ma Y, Cao X, Zhang Y, Song T. Avenanthramide-C Activates Nrf2/ARE Pathway and Inhibiting Ferroptosis Pathway to Improve Cognitive Dysfunction in Aging Rats. Neurochem Res 2023; 48:393-403. [PMID: 36222956 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03754-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Postoperative neurocognitive impairment (POCD) is a common complication after surgery and anesthesia, especially in elderly patients. Avenanthramide-C (AVC) test is a vascular endothelial cell adhesion molecule inhibitor with strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect and mechanism of AVC on POCD in aged rats to clarify the effect of AVC on POCD in aged rats. The aging rat model was established by continuous 200 mg/kg propofol anesthesia. Repeated propofol anesthesia could severely impair spatial learning ability, memory and cognitive function, and could promote hippocampal apoptosis, oxidative stress injury, neuroinflammation and ferroptosis in aging rats. In addition, AVC not only improved cognitive dysfunction, but also significantly inhibited apoptosis, neuroinflammatory response, ferroptosis and oxidative stress level in the hippocampus of aging rats induced by repeated anesthesia. Further mechanistic studies manifested that the above protective effects of AVC on aging rats induced by repeated propofol anesthesia may be achieved by activating Nrf2/ARE pathway activity. AVC pretreatment has a preventive effect on cognitive dysfunction induced by repeated propofol anesthesia in aging rats, and the preventive effect of AVC may be realized by activating the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway activity. Our results demonstrate that AVC preconditioning reduces postoperative neuronal loss and neuroinflammation, activates the Nrf2/ARE pathway, reduces oxidative stress injury, and improves POCD in aged rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Ma
- Anesthesia Teaching and Research Office, Hebei Medical University, 050017, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, South area of the Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, 067055, Chengde, Hebei, China
| | - Yang Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, South area of the Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, 067055, Chengde, Hebei, China
| | - Xuefeng Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, South area of the Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, 067055, Chengde, Hebei, China
| | - Yunpeng Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, South area of the Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, 067055, Chengde, Hebei, China
| | - Tieying Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shijiazhuang People's Hospital, 050017, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
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Khalilzadeh M, Shayan M, Jourian S, Rahimi M, Sheibani M, Dehpour AR. A comprehensive insight into the anti-inflammatory properties of dapsone. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 395:1509-1523. [PMID: 36125533 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-022-02297-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl sulfone (DDS), also known as dapsone, is traditionally used as a potent anti-bacterial agent in clinical management of leprosy. For decades, dapsone has been among the first-line medications used in multidrug treatment of leprosy recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). Shortly after dapsone's discovery as an antibiotic in 1937, the dual function of dapsone (anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory) was elucidated. Dapsone exerts its anti-bacterial effects by inhibiting dihydrofolic acid synthesis, leading to inhibition of bacterial growth, while its anti-inflammatory properties are triggered by inhibiting reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, reducing the effect of eosinophil peroxidase on mast cells and downregulating neutrophil-mediated inflammatory responses. Among the leading mechanisms associated with its anti-microbial/anti-protozoal effects, dapsone clearly has multiple antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic functions. In this regard, it has been described in treating a wide variety of inflammatory and infectious skin conditions. Previous reports have explored different molecular targets for dapsone and provided insight into the anti-inflammatory mechanism of dapsone. This article reviews several basic, experimental, and clinical approaches on anti-inflammatory effect of dapsone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Khalilzadeh
- Experimental Medicine Research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 13145-784, Iran
| | - Maryam Shayan
- Experimental Medicine Research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 13145-784, Iran
| | - Sina Jourian
- Experimental Medicine Research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 13145-784, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rahimi
- Experimental Medicine Research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 13145-784, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sheibani
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 14496-14525, Iran.
- Razi Drug Research Centre, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ahmad Reza Dehpour
- Experimental Medicine Research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 13145-784, Iran.
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Shayesteh S, Khalilzadeh M, Takzaree N, Dehpour AR. Dapsone improves the vincristine-induced neuropathic nociception by modulating neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. Daru 2022; 30:303-310. [PMID: 36104653 PMCID: PMC9715892 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-022-00448-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peripheral neuropathy is a dose-limiting adverse effect of vincristine (VCR) in cancer chemotherapies. Dapsone is commonly used for the prevention of opportunistic infections following cancer therapies. Therefore, a high rate of VCR and dapsone co-administration has occurred in leukemias. Recently neuroprotective effects of dapsone have been reported in various diseases. OBJECTIVES Regarding the physiopathology of VCR-induced peripheral neuropathy (VIPN) and dapsone neuroprotection, this study evaluated the effect of dapsone on VIPN. METHODS VIPN was induced by VCR injection (0.5 mg/kg IP, every other day, 1 week) in male Wistar rats. In the treatment group, dapsone(12.5 mg/kg IP, 1 week) was injected 30 min before VCR. Hot plate, Von Frey, motor neuron conduction velocity (MNCV), and histopathological tests were applied. The levels of TNF-α and NF-kB in the sciatic nerve and caspase-3 activity in dorsal root ganglion were measured by the ELISA method. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and Glutathione (GSH) in the sciatic nerve were measured by spectrophotometry and colorimetric assays. RESULTS VIPN was observed as araised thermal and mechanical threshold, reduced MNCV, and sciatic nerve demyelination. However, dapsone reduced the mechanical and thermal threshold and improved the MNCV. Also, dapsone reduced TNF-α, NF-kB, MDA, and Caspase-3 activity, and increased the GSH level in the sciatic nerve. Moreover, dapsone prevented VCR-induced demyelination in the sciatic nerve. CONCLUSION This research demonstrated that dapsone could be used as a protective drug against VIPN. It improves the impaired thermal and mechanical sensations by reducing inflammatory, oxidant, and apoptosis factors and preventing demyelination in the sciatic nerve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevda Shayesteh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Khalilzadeh
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Takzaree
- Department of Anatomy and Medicinal Plants Research Center, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Dehpour
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 13145-784, Tehran, Iran.
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12
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Dexmedetomidine Mitigates Microglial Activation Associated with Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction by Modulating the MicroRNA-103a-3p/VAMP1 Axis. Neural Plast 2022; 2022:1353778. [PMID: 35494481 PMCID: PMC9042642 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1353778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Surgery-induced microglial activation is critical in mediating postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) in elderly patients, where the important protective effect of dexmedetomidine has been indicated. However, the mechanisms of action of dexmedetomidine during the neuroinflammatory response that underlies POCD remain largely unknown. We found that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced substantial inflammatory responses in primary and BV2 microglial cells. The screening of differentially expressed miRNAs revealed that miR-103a-3p was downregulated in these cell culture models. Overexpression of miR-103a-3p mimics and inhibitors suppressed and enhanced the release of inflammatory factors, respectively. VAMP1 expression was upregulated in LPS-treated primary and BV-2 microglial cells, and it was validated as a downstream target of miR-103-3p. VAMP1-knockdown significantly inhibited the LPS-induced inflammatory response. Dexmedetomidine treatment markedly inhibited LPS-induced inflammation and the expression of VAMP1, and miR-103a-3p expression reversed this inhibition. Moreover, dexmedetomidine mitigated microglial activation and the associated inflammatory response in a rat model of surgical trauma that mimicked POCD. In this model, dexmedetomidine reversed miR-103a-3p and VAMP1 expression; this effect was abolished by miR-103a-3p overexpression. Taken together, the data show that miR-103a-3p/VAMP1 is critical for surgery-induced microglial activation of POCD.
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13
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Catarina Duarte A, Raquel Costa A, Gonçalves I, Quintela T, Preissner R, R A Santos C. The druggability of bitter taste receptors for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 197:114915. [PMID: 35051386 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.114915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The delivery of therapeutic drugs to the brain remains a major pharmacology challenge. A complex system of chemical surveillance to protect the brain from endogenous and exogenous toxicants at brain barriers hinders the uptake of many compounds with significant in vitro and ex vivo therapeutic properties. Despite the advances in the field in recent years, the components of this system are not completely understood. Recently, a large group of chemo-sensing receptors, have been identified in the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier. Among these chemo-sensing receptors, bitter taste receptors (TAS2R) hold promise as potential drug targets, as many TAS2R bind compounds with recognized neuroprotective activity (quercetin, resveratrol, among others). Whether activation of TAS2R by their ligands contributes to their diverse biological actions described in other cells and tissues is still debatable. In this review, we discuss the potential role of TAS2R gene family as the mediators of the biological activity of their ligands for the treatment of central nervous system disorders and discuss their potential to counteract drug resistance by improving drug delivery to the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Catarina Duarte
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Center, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal; CPIRN-IPG- Centro de Potencial e Inovação de Recursos Naturais- Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, Av. Dr. Francisco de Sá Carneiro, 6300-559, Guarda, Portugal
| | - Ana Raquel Costa
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Center, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Isabel Gonçalves
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Center, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Telma Quintela
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Center, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Robert Preissner
- Institute of Physiology and Science-IT, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Philippstrasse 12, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Cecília R A Santos
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Center, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.
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14
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Diaz-Ruiz A, Nader-Kawachi J, Calderón-Estrella F, Bermudez AM, Alvarez-Mejia L, Ríos C. Dapsone, More than an Effective Neuro and Cytoprotective Drug. Curr Neuropharmacol 2022; 20:194-210. [PMID: 34139984 PMCID: PMC9199557 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x19666210617143108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dapsone (4,4'-diamino-diphenyl sulfone) is a synthetic derivative of sulfones, with the antimicrobial activity described since 1937. It is also a drug traditionally used in dermatological therapies due to its anti-inflammatory effect. In recent years its antioxidant, antiexcitotoxic, and antiapoptotic effects have been described in different ischemic damage models, traumatic damage, and models of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's (PD) and Alzheimer's diseases (AD). Finally, dapsone has proven to be a safe and effective drug as a protector against heart, renal and pulmonary cells damage; that is why it is now employed in clinical trials with patients as a neuroprotective therapy by regulating the main mechanisms of damage that lead to cell death ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to provide a descriptive review of the evidence demonstrating the safety and therapeutic benefit of dapsone treatment, evaluated in animal studies and various human clinical trials Methods: We conducted a review of PubMed databases looking for scientific research in animals and humans, oriented to demonstrate the effect of dapsone on regulating and reducing the main mechanisms of damage that lead to cell death ConclusionThe evidence presented in this review shows that dapsone is a safe and effective neuro and cytoprotective treatment that should be considered for translational therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Araceli Diaz-Ruiz
- Departamento de Neuroquímica Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Manuel Velasco Suárez, Ciudad de México, México
| | | | - Francisco Calderón-Estrella
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas de la Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Alfonso Mata Bermudez
- Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana. Ciudad de México, México
| | - Laura Alvarez-Mejia
- Departamento de Neuroquímica Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Manuel Velasco Suárez, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Camilo Ríos
- Departamento de Neuroquímica Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Manuel Velasco Suárez, Ciudad de México, México
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología Molecular, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Xochimilco, Ciudad de México, México
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15
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Zhang T, Ji D, Sun J, Song J, Nie L, Sun N. NPAS4 suppresses propofol-induced neurotoxicity by inhibiting autophagy in hippocampal neuronal cells. Arch Biochem Biophys 2021; 711:109018. [PMID: 34418347 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2021.109018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Propofol, a general intravenous anesthetic, has been demonstrated to cause a profound neuroapoptosis in the developing brain followed by long-term neurocognitive impairment. Our study aimed to examine the neuroprotective effect of neuronal PAS domain protein 4 (NPAS4), an activity-dependent neuron-specific transcription factor, on propofol-induced neurotoxicity in hippocampal neuronal HT22 cells. The differentially expressed genes in HT22 cells after treatment with propofol were screened from Gene Expression Omnibus dataset GSE106799. NPAS4 expression in HT22 cells treated with different doses of propofol was investigated by qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis. Cell viability, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, caspase-3 activity, and apoptosis were evaluated by MTT, a LDH-Cytotoxicity Assay Kit, a Caspase-3 Colorimetric Assay Kit, and TUNEL assay, respectively. The protein levels of LC3-I, LC3-II, Beclin 1, p62 and NPAS4 were detected using Western blot analysis. Propofol treatment concentration-dependently decreased NPAS4 expression in HT22 cells. Propofol treatment inhibited cell viability, increased LDH release and caspase-3 activity, and induced apoptosis and autophagy in HT22 cells. NPAS4 overexpression suppressed propofol-induced cell injury and autophagy in HT22 cells. Mechanistically, autophagy agonist rapamycin attenuated the neuroprotective effect of NPAS4 in propofol-treated HT22 cells. In conclusion, NAPS4 overexpression protected hippocampal neuronal HT22 cells against propofol-induced neurotoxicity by reducing autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongyin Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanshi Hospital Affiliated to Henan University, Nanyang, 473065, China
| | - Daofei Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221006, China
| | - Junyi Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanshi Hospital Affiliated to Henan University, Nanyang, 473065, China
| | - Jiangling Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanshi Hospital Affiliated to Henan University, Nanyang, 473065, China
| | - Limin Nie
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanshi Hospital Affiliated to Henan University, Nanyang, 473065, China
| | - Na Sun
- Catheterization Room, Huai'an Second People's Hospital, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, 223002, China.
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16
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Dow CT. Warm, Sweetened Milk at the Twilight of Immunity - Alzheimer's Disease - Inflammaging, Insulin Resistance, M. paratuberculosis and Immunosenescence. Front Immunol 2021; 12:714179. [PMID: 34421917 PMCID: PMC8375433 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.714179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
This article prosecutes a case against the zoonotic pathogen Mycobacterium avium ss. paratuberculosis (MAP) as a precipitant of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Like the other major neurodegenerative diseases AD is, at its core, a proteinopathy. Aggregated extracellular amyloid protein plaques and intracellular tau protein tangles are the recognized protein pathologies of AD. Autophagy is the cellular housekeeping process that manages protein quality control and recycling, cellular metabolism, and pathogen elimination. Impaired autophagy and cerebral insulin resistance are invariant features of AD. With a backdrop of age-related low-grade inflammation (inflammaging) and heightened immune risk (immunosenescence), infection with MAP subverts glucose metabolism and further exhausts an already exhausted autophagic capacity. Increasingly, a variety of agents have been found to favorably impact AD; they are agents that promote autophagy and reduce insulin resistance. The potpourri of these therapeutic agents: mTOR inhibitors, SIRT1 activators and vaccines are seemingly random until one recognizes that all these agents also suppress intracellular mycobacterial infection. The zoonotic mycobacterial MAP causes a common fatal enteritis in ruminant animals. Humans are exposed to MAP from contaminated food products and from the environment. The enteritis in animals is called paratuberculosis or Johne’s disease; in humans, it is the putative cause of Crohn’s disease. Beyond Crohn’s, MAP is associated with an increasing number of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases: sarcoidosis, Blau syndrome, autoimmune diabetes, autoimmune thyroiditis, multiple sclerosis, and rheumatoid arthritis. Moreover, MAP has been associated with Parkinson’s disease. India is one county that has extensively studied the human bio-load of MAP; 30% of more than 28,000 tested individuals were found to harbor, or to have harbored, MAP. This article asserts an unfolding realization that MAP infection of humans 1) is widespread in its presence, 2) is wide-ranging in its zoonosis and 3) provides a plausible link connecting MAP to AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coad Thomas Dow
- McPherson Eye Research Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
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17
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Zhao S, Chen F, Wang D, Han W, Zhang Y, Yin Q. NLRP3 inflammasomes are involved in the progression of postoperative cognitive dysfunction: from mechanism to treatment. Neurosurg Rev 2021; 44:1815-1831. [PMID: 32918635 DOI: 10.1007/s10143-020-01387-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) involves patient memory and learning decline after surgery. POCD not only presents challenges for postoperative nursing and recovery but may also cause permanent brain damage for patients, including children and the aged, with vulnerable central nervous systems. Its occurrence is mainly influenced by surgical trauma, anesthetics, and the health condition of the patient. There is a lack of imaging and experimental diagnosis; therefore, patients can only be diagnosed by clinical observation, which may underestimate the morbidity, resulting in decreased treatment efficacy. Except for symptomatic support therapy, there is a relative lack of effective drugs specific for the treatment of POCD, because the precise mechanism of POCD remains to be determined. One current hypothesis is that postoperative inflammation promotes the progression of POCD. Accumulating research has indicated that overactivation of NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes contribute to the POCD progression, suggesting that targeting NLRP3 inflammasomes may be an effective therapy to treat POCD. In this review, we summarize recent studies and systematically describe the pathogenesis, treatment progression, and potential treatment options of targeting NLRP3 inflammasomes in POCD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Fan Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Dunwei Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Wei Han
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Qiliang Yin
- Department of Oncology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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18
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He J, Liu T, Li Y, Mi X, Han D, Yang N, Chen L, Li Y, Hong J, Kuang C, Yuan Y, Cao Y, Han Y, Shi C, Li Z, Guo X. JNK inhibition alleviates delayed neurocognitive recovery after surgery by limiting microglia pyroptosis. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 99:107962. [PMID: 34298396 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Delayed neurocognitive recovery (dNCR) is a prevalent complication after surgery in older adults. Neuroinflammation plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of dNCR. Recently,compelling evidence suggests that theinvolvement of microglia pyroptosis in the regulation of neuroinflammation in neurologicaldiseases. Nevertheless, the exact role of microglia pyroptosis in dNCR remains elusive. In the study, in vitro and in vivo models of dNCR were used to examine the potential effects of the mitogen‑activated protein kinase signaling pathway on Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome-mediated microglia pyroptosis and cognitive deficits following surgery. In vivo, we observed surgery-induced upregulation of phosphorylated (p)-c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) in microglia and subsequently NLRP3 inflammasome activation, pyroptosis, and inflammatory cytokines release in mice hippocampus. Interestingly, JNK inhibitor SP600125 significantly attenuated surgery-induced cognitive impairments through inhibiting pyroptosis, inflammatory responses, and reducing immunoreactivity of NLRP3 and gasdermin D N terminus (GSDMD-N) in hippocampal microglia. In vitro, NLRP3 inflammasome- and pyroptosis-associated proteins and immunoreactivity of NLRP3, GSDMD-N, and interleukin-1β were activated in BV2 microglial cells following lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. These effects were significantly suppressed in BV2 cells by SP600125 treatment. Furthermore, treatment with NLRP3 specific inhibitor, MCC950, attenuated microglia pyroptosis induced by LPS, but did not rescue LPS-induced increased expression of p-JNK. These results indicate that the JNK pathway is largely upstream of the NLRP3 inflammasome, which exerts a crucial regulatory impact on microglia pyroptosis and inflammatory responses, thus providing a promising avenue to prevent dNCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jindan He
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Taotao Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xinning Mi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Dengyang Han
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ning Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yitong Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jingshu Hong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Chongshen Kuang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yi Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing 100035, China
| | - Yiyun Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital East Affiliated with Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Yongzheng Han
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Chengmei Shi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhengqian Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Xiangyang Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.
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19
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Kanwar B, Lee CJ, Lee JH. Specific Treatment Exists for SARS-CoV-2 ARDS. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9060635. [PMID: 34200720 PMCID: PMC8229893 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9060635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), seems to be difficult to overcome. A pandemic of such a scale has not been seen since the 1918 influenza pandemic. Although the predominant clinical presentation is respiratory disease, neurological manifestations and sequelae are increasingly being recognized. We observed a case series of rapid recovery of ARDS within 24 h in the preliminary clinical features of COVID-19 ARDS-associated neurological disease. It was also noted that by 15 April, 2021, there was no SARS-CoV-2 ARDS on Sorok Island in South Korea, where lepers had been living together. We compared each of dapsone’s effects on humans and considered those of SARS-CoV-2. Dapsone showed different effects in the brain. The Sorokdo National Hospital reported a relationship between dapsone and the neuroinflammasome of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in Sorok Island from January 2005 to June 2020. AD prevalence was low in the leprosy patient group who took dapsone regularly. The preliminary cross-sectional study of the trial group (22 subjects) and the control group (22 subjects) in the Hunt Regional Hospital reported the following results: The chi-square statistic is 5.1836. The p-value is 0.022801. The result is considered significant at p < 0.05. The results from the medical treatment from 21 December to 29 December 2020 were considered. The mortality rates at the ARDS onset stage were 0% with dapsone administered as a standard COVID-19 treatment and 40% without dapsone administered as a standard COVID-19 treatment, respectively. Based on the respiratory failure and sudden high death rate originating from the involvement of the brainstem, especially the pre-Bötzinger complex, dapsone can be used to significantly reduce the incidence of the cases of acute respiratory distress syndrome and other illnesses caused by SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Badar Kanwar
- Department of Pulmonary Critical Care Medicine, Hunt Regional Hospital, Greenville, TX 75401, USA;
| | | | - Jong-Hoon Lee
- Science & Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-762-3062; Fax: +82-2-762-3061
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20
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Khattak A, Kanwar B, Sergi C, Lee CJ, Balentine J, Lee JH, Park J, Lee SJ, Choi SH. Commentary for the Elderly in the Pandemic Era. Dement Geriatr Cogn Dis Extra 2021; 11:168-171. [PMID: 34249073 PMCID: PMC8255700 DOI: 10.1159/000515926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Asif Khattak
- Department of Pulmonary Critical Care Medicine, Hunt Regional Hospital, Greenville, Texas, USA
| | - Badar Kanwar
- Department of Pulmonary Critical Care Medicine, Hunt Regional Hospital, Greenville, Texas, USA
| | - Consolato Sergi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Jenny Balentine
- Department of Pulmonary Critical Care Medicine, Hunt Regional Hospital, Greenville, Texas, USA
| | - Jong-Hoon Lee
- Science and Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungwuk Park
- Research Center of Integrative Functional Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Chungdam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - So Jeong Lee
- Department of BioSciences, Wiess School of Natural Sciences, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Su-Hee Choi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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21
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Li J, Wu G, Song W, Liu Y, Han Z, Shen Z, Li Y. Prophylactic Melatonin Treatment Ameliorated Propofol-Induced Cognitive Dysfunction in Aged Rats. Neurotox Res 2021; 39:227-239. [PMID: 33159663 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-020-00307-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Considering the fact that melatonin acts as protective agent in various cognitive impairment, we decided to explore the precise effect of pretreatment with melatonin on cognitive function, mitochondrial activity, apoptosis and synaptic integrity in aged rats anesthetized by propofol. We first randomly allocated the thirty Sprague Dawley rats into three groups: Control vehicle-treated group (Con), Propofol-treated group (Pro) and Melatonin + Propofol group (Mel + Pro). The Barnes maze, open field and contextual fear conditioning test were employed to evaluate spatial memory, exploratory behavior and general locomotor activity, and hippocampus-dependent learning and memory ability, respectively. Moreover, mitochondrial function (including reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP levels) and apoptosis were detected in the regions of hippocampus (HIP) and prefrontal cortex (PFC). The results of behavioral tests suggested that melatonin improved propofol-induced memory impairment in aged rats. Melatonin mitigated mitochondrial dysfunction and decreased the apoptotic cell counts in the regions of HIP and PFC. Furthermore, prophylactic melatonin treatment also reversed the propofol-induced inactivation of PKA/CREB/BDNF signaling and synaptic dysfunction. On the whole, our results indicated that melatonin ameliorated the propofol-induced cognitive disorders via attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptosis, inactivation of PKA/CREB/BDNF signaling and synaptic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhua Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
- Laboratory of RNA and Major Diseases of Brain and Hearts, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Guiyun Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
- Laboratory of RNA and Major Diseases of Brain and Hearts, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Wen Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
- Laboratory of RNA and Major Diseases of Brain and Hearts, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Yafang Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
- Laboratory of RNA and Major Diseases of Brain and Hearts, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Zhixiao Han
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
- Laboratory of RNA and Major Diseases of Brain and Hearts, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Zhiwen Shen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
- Laboratory of RNA and Major Diseases of Brain and Hearts, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Yujuan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
- Laboratory of RNA and Major Diseases of Brain and Hearts, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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22
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Research Supporting a Pilot Study of Metronomic Dapsone during Glioblastoma Chemoirradiation. Med Sci (Basel) 2021; 9:medsci9010012. [PMID: 33669324 PMCID: PMC7931060 DOI: 10.3390/medsci9010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This short note presents previous research data supporting a pilot study of metronomic dapsone during the entire course of glioblastoma treatment. The reviewed data indicate that neutrophils are an integral part of human glioblastoma pathophysiology, contributing to or facilitating glioblastoma growth and treatment resistance. Neutrophils collect within glioblastoma by chemotaxis along several chemokine/cytokine gradients, prominently among which is interleukin-8. Old data from dermatology research has shown that the old and inexpensive generic drug dapsone inhibits neutrophils' chemotaxis along interleukin-8 gradients. It is on that basis that dapsone is used to treat neutrophilic dermatoses, for example, dermatitis herpetiformis, bullous pemphigoid, erlotinib-related rash, and others. The hypothesis of this paper is that dapsone will reduce glioblastomas' neutrophil accumulations by the same mechanisms by which it reduces dermal neutrophil accumulations in the neutrophilic dermatoses. Dapsone would thereby reduce neutrophils' contributions to glioblastoma growth. Dapsone is not an ideal drug, however. It generates methemoglobinemia that occasionally is symptomatic. This generation is reduced by concomitant use of the antacid drug cimetidine. Given the uniform lethality of glioblastoma as of 2020, the risks of dapsone 100 mg twice daily and cimetidine 400 mg twice daily is low enough to warrant a judicious pilot study.
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23
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Lee JH, An HK, Sohn MG, Kivela P, Oh S. 4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl Sulfone (DDS) as an Inflammasome Competitor. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5953. [PMID: 32824985 PMCID: PMC7503668 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21175953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to examine the use of an inflammasome competitor as a preventative agent. Coronaviruses have zoonotic potential due to the adaptability of their S protein to bind receptors of other species, most notably demonstrated by SARS-CoV. The binding of SARS-CoV-2 to TLR (Toll-like receptor) causes the release of pro-IL-1β, which is cleaved by caspase-1, followed by the formation and activation of the inflammasome, which is a mediator of lung inflammation, fever, and fibrosis. The NLRP3 (NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3) inflammasome is implicated in a variety of human diseases including Alzheimer's disease (AD), prion diseases, type 2 diabetes, and numerous infectious diseases. By examining the use of 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl sulfone (DDS) in the treatment of patients with Hansen's disease, also diagnosed as Alzheimer's disease, this study demonstrates the diverse mechanisms involved in the activation of inflammasomes. TLRs, due to genetic polymorphisms, can alter the immune response to a wide variety of microbial ligands, including viruses. In particular, TLR2Arg677Trp was reported to be exclusively present in Korean patients with lepromatous leprosy (LL). Previously, mutation of the intracellular domain of TLR2 has demonstrated its role in determining the susceptibility to LL, though LL was successfully treated using a combination of DDS with rifampicin and clofazimine. Of the three tested antibiotics, DDS was effective in the molecular regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome activators that are important in mild cognitive impairment (MCI), Parkinson's disease (PD), and AD. The specific targeting of NLRP3 itself or up-/downstream factors of the NLRP3 inflammasome by DDS may be responsible for its observed preventive effects, functioning as a competitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-hoon Lee
- Science and Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea;
| | - Ha Kyeu An
- Department of Neurology, Sorokdo National Hospital, Jeollanam-do 59562, Korea;
| | - Mun-Gi Sohn
- Department of Food Science, KyungHee University College of Life Science, Seoul 17104, Korea;
| | - Paul Kivela
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Sangsuk Oh
- Department of Food Engineering, Food Safety Laboratory, Memory Unit, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03670, Korea
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24
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Li Y, He Z, Lv H, Chen W, Chen J. Calpain-2 plays a pivotal role in the inhibitory effects of propofol against TNF-α-induced autophagy in mouse hippocampal neurons. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:9287-9299. [PMID: 32627970 PMCID: PMC7417688 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Calpains are calcium‐dependent proteases and play critical roles in neuronal autophagy induced by inflammation. Propofol has been reported to exert anti‐inflammatory effects in neurons. We aimed to identify whether and how propofol‐modulated calpain activity and neuron autophagy in response to tumour necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α). Mouse hippocampal neurons were pre‐treated with propofol and exposed to TNF‐α. Autophagy was evaluated by fluorescent autophagy assay and by measuring LC3I and LC3II expression. Intracellular calcium concentration was measured by fluorescent assay. Calpain activation was measured by calpain activity assay. The protein expression of intracellular signalling molecules was detected by Western blot analysis. Compared with untreated control neurons, 40 ng/mL TNF‐α treatment for 2 hours induced neuron autophagy, which was attenuated by 25 μmol/L propofol. TNF‐α induced intracellular calcium accumulation, the phosphorylation of calcium/calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase II (CAMK II) and calpain‐2, calpain activation and lysosomal cathepsin B release as well as tyrosine kinase receptor B (TrkB) truncation. These effects were alleviated by propofol, calcium chelator, CAMK II inhibitor, calpain‐2 inhibitor, calpain‐2 siRNA transfection and N‐Methyl‐d‐aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor antagonist. Propofol, via NMDA receptor, inhibited TNF‐α‐mediated hippocampal neuron autophagy. The mechanism may involve calcium and calcium‐dependent signalling pathway, especially CAMK II and calpain‐2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiyong He
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hu Lv
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiawei Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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25
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Aldawood N, Alrezaki A, Alanazi S, Amor N, Alwasel S, Sirotkin A, Harrath AH. Acrylamide impairs ovarian function by promoting apoptosis and affecting reproductive hormone release, steroidogenesis and autophagy-related genes: An in vivo study. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 197:110595. [PMID: 32304918 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Acrylamide (ACR) toxicity is quite common due to its widespread use in industry and due to the Maillard browning reaction that occurs in foods containing high concentrations of hydrocarbons subjected to high temperatures. This study aimed to elucidate the female reproductive toxicity of ACR in vivo. Fifty-day-old Wistar-Albino female rats were treated with different dosages of ACR (2.5, 10, and 50 mg/kg/day). After treatment, the animals were sacrificed, and serum and ovary samples were collected for histological examination, hormone analysis, TUNEL analysis, and RT-PCR studies. We found that ACR acts by significantly reducing ovarian weight and serum progesterone and estradiol concentrations. In addition, ACR treatment led to pyknotic, heterochromatic characteristics and nuclear fragmentation, as evidenced by hematoxylin staining. The TUNEL assay revealed that granulosa cells were affected after the oral administration of ACR, leading to the apoptosis of follicles at different stages of growth. Compared with the control condition, high doses of ACR (50 mg/kg/day) significantly induced the overexpression of INSL3, CYP17a, IGF1, ESR1, ESR2, ATG5, ATG12 and LC3 in the ovary. Moreover, LC3 mRNA levels significantly increased with increasing doses of ACR (2.5, 10 and 50 mg/kg/day), suggesting that ACR treatment induced autophagy. In conclusion, ACR induced ovarian dysfunction by affecting steroid hormone release, increasing apoptosis and mRNA levels of autophagy-related genes. The eventual correlation between apoptotic granulosa cell death and autophagy needs to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nouf Aldawood
- King Saud University, Department of Zoology, College of Science
| | | | - Shamsa Alanazi
- King Saud University, Department of Zoology, College of Science
| | - Nabil Amor
- King Saud University, Department of Zoology, College of Science
| | - Saleh Alwasel
- King Saud University, Department of Zoology, College of Science
| | - Alexander Sirotkin
- Department of Zoology and Anthropology, Constantine the Philosopher University, 949 74, Nitra, Slovakia
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26
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Yang N, Li Z, Han D, Mi X, Tian M, Liu T, Li Y, He J, Kuang C, Cao Y, Li L, Ni C, Wang JQ, Guo X. Autophagy prevents hippocampal α-synuclein oligomerization and early cognitive dysfunction after anesthesia/surgery in aged rats. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:7262-7281. [PMID: 32335546 PMCID: PMC7202547 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Stress-induced α-synuclein aggregation, especially the most toxic species (oligomers), may precede synaptic and cognitive dysfunction. Under pathological conditions, α-synuclein is degraded primarily through the autophagic/lysosomal pathway. We assessed the involvement of autophagy in α-synuclein aggregation and cognitive impairment following general anesthesia and surgical stress. Autophagy was found to be suppressed in the aged rat hippocampus after either 4-h propofol anesthesia alone or 2-h propofol anesthesia during a laparotomy surgery. This inhibition of autophagy was accompanied by profound α-synuclein oligomer aggregation and neurotransmitter imbalances in the hippocampus, along with hippocampus-dependent cognitive deficits. These events were not observed 18 weeks after propofol exposure with or without surgical stress. The pharmacological induction of autophagy using rapamycin markedly suppressed α-synuclein oligomerization, restored neurotransmitter equilibrium, and improved cognitive behavior after prolonged anesthesia or anesthesia combined with surgery. Thus, both prolonged propofol anesthesia alone and propofol anesthesia during surgery impaired autophagy, which may have induced abnormal hippocampal α-synuclein aggregation and neurobehavioral deficits in aged rats. These findings suggest that the activation of autophagy and the clearance of pathological α-synuclein oligomers may be novel strategies to ameliorate the common occurrence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhengqian Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Dengyang Han
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xinning Mi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Miao Tian
- Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs Editorial Office, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Taotao Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jindan He
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Chongshen Kuang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yiyun Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital East Affiliated with Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Lunxu Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102200, China
| | - Cheng Ni
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - John Q Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Missouri Kansas City, School of Medicine, Kansas, MO 64110, USA
| | - Xiangyang Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
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27
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Topiramate Reverses Physiological and Behavioral Alterations by Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction in Rat Model Through Inhibiting TNF Signaling Pathway. Neuromolecular Med 2019; 22:227-238. [DOI: 10.1007/s12017-019-08578-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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28
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Zhang Y, Zuo Y, Li B, Xie J, Ma Z, Thirupathi A, Yu P, Gao G, Shi M, Zhou C, Xu H, Chang Y, Shi Z. Propofol prevents oxidative stress and apoptosis by regulating iron homeostasis and targeting JAK/STAT3 signaling in SH-SY5Y cells. Brain Res Bull 2019; 153:191-201. [PMID: 31472185 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2019.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to test the hypothesis that propofol (PRO) could exert a neuroprotective effect via inhibiting oxidative stress induced by iron accumulation. Human SH-SY5Y cells were pretreated with ferric citrate (FAC), and then were protected by PRO. Cell viability was measured by MTT method. Iron levels were assayed by ICP-MS. Cell apoptosis was examined by TUNEL and digital holographic technique. Malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) depolarization were measured by MDA, DCFH-DA and JC-1 kits, respectively. The expression of proteins or genes involved in iron metabolism such as ferritin, TfR1, DMT1, Fpn1 and hepcidin, and other apoptosis-related proteins including Bcl2, Bax, Bid, Cox2, IL-6, JAK1 and STAT3 were detected by western blot. Our results showed low concentration of PRO (5 μM) could significantly prevent FAC induced apoptosis via inhibiting oxidative stress and iron accumulation. PRO suppressed the increase of ROS and MDA and decrease of MMP induced by FAC. PRO significantly down-regulated the expression of ferritin and up-regulated the expression of TfR1and Fpn1, but had no effect of DMT1. Furthermore, this effect was not done by PRO chelating iron. Meanwhile, PRO suppressed the inflammatory response through inhibiting IL-6 and Cox2 expression and activating JAK/STAT3 signaling induced by iron overload. In conclusion, here we demonstrated a new antioxidation mechanism of PRO. PRO could protect against nerve cell injury induced by overload of iron through regulating iron metabolism and inhibiting stress oxidative and inflammation reaction pathways by targeting JAK/STAT3 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yong Zuo
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei Province, China
| | - Bowen Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei Province, China
| | - Jinhong Xie
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei Province, China
| | - Zhao Ma
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei Province, China
| | - Anand Thirupathi
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei Province, China
| | - Peng Yu
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei Province, China
| | - Guofen Gao
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei Province, China
| | - Mengtong Shi
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei Province, China
| | - Changhao Zhou
- First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei Province, China
| | - Hongmeng Xu
- Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yanzhong Chang
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei Province, China.
| | - Zhenhua Shi
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei Province, China.
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29
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Wang M, Su P, Liu Y, Zhang X, Yan J, An X, Wang X, Gu S. Abnormal expression of circRNA_089763 in the plasma exosomes of patients with post‑operative cognitive dysfunction after coronary artery bypass grafting. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:2549-2562. [PMID: 31524256 PMCID: PMC6691254 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-operative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a complication of the central nervous system characterized by mental disorders, anxiety, personality changes and impaired memory. POCD occurs frequently after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and can severely affect quality of life for patients. To date, the development of POCD biomarkers remains a challenge. Alterations in the expression of non-coding RNAs from brain tissue and peripheral blood have been linked to POCD. The present study aimed to detect the differential circular RNAs (circRNAs) in plasma exosomes of patients with POCD after CABG. The relative expression levels of circRNAs were analyzed using circRNA microarray analysis in the plasma exosomes of patients with POCD. Differentially altered circRNAs (P<0.05, fold change >1.5) were validated by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR in the plasma exosomes of patients with POCD. The target genes of the microRNAs were predicted using bioinformatics analysis. The functions and signaling pathways of these target genes were investigated by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses. The microarray results indicated that the levels of nine circRNAs in patients with POCD were higher than those in the control subjects; and six circRNAs were at a lower level than those in control subjects. The RT-qPCR results from patients with POCD showed that only circRNA_089763 of the 15 circRNAs identified was significantly increased compared with control subjects. circRNA target gene prediction and functional annotation analysis showed significant enrichment in several GO terms and pathways associated with POCD. The present study provides evidence for the abnormal expression of POCD-induced circRNA_089763 in human plasma exosomes, as well as the involvement of POCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maozhou Wang
- Heart Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
| | - Pixiong Su
- Heart Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
| | - Yan Liu
- Heart Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
| | - Xitao Zhang
- Heart Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
| | - Jun Yan
- Heart Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
| | - Xiangguang An
- Heart Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Song Gu
- Heart Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
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30
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Yan WJ, Wang DB, Ren DQ, Wang LK, Hu ZY, Ma YB, Huang JW, Ding SL. AMPKα1 overexpression improves postoperative cognitive dysfunction in aged rats through AMPK-Sirt1 and autophagy signaling. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:11633-11641. [PMID: 30775803 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2018] [Revised: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a common complication in elderly patients who undergo surgery involving anesthesia. Its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Autophagy plays an important role in the damage and repair of the nervous system and is associated with the development of POCD. Using a rat model, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase α1 (AMPKα1), an important autophagy regulator, was found to be significantly downregulated in rats with POCD that was induced by sevoflurane anesthesia or by appendectomy. Overexpression of AMPKα1-ameliorated POCD, as indicated by decreased escape latencies and increased target quadrant swimming times, swimming distances, and platform crossing times during Morris water maze tests. AMPKα1 overexpression activated autophagy signals by increasing the expression of light chain 3 II (LC3-II) and Beclin1 and decreasing the expression of p62 in the hippocampus of rats with POCD. Moreover, blocking autophagy by 3-methyladenine partly attenuated AMPKα1-mediated POCD improvement. Furthermore, overexpression of AMPKα1 could upregulate the expression of p-AMPK and Sirt1 in the hippocampus of rats with POCD. Intriguingly, inhibiting AMPK signals via Compound C effectively attenuated AMPKα1-mediated POCD improvement, concomitant with the downregulation of p-AMPK, Sirt1, LC3-II, and Beclin1 and the upregulation of p62. We thus concluded that overexpression of AMPKα1 can improve POCD via the AMPK-Sirt1 and autophagy signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jun Yan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Da-Bin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Dong-Qing Ren
- Department of Anesthesiology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Ling-Kai Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Zhong-Yuan Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Ya-Bing Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jin-Wen Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Shao-Li Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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31
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Li PJ, Guo YQ, Ding PY, Liu RB, Deng F, Feng XX, Yan WJ. Neuroprotective effects of a Smoothened receptor agonist against postoperative cognitive dysfunction by promoting autophagy in the dentate gyrus of aged rats. Neurol Res 2019; 41:867-874. [PMID: 31221056 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2019.1628411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: To investigate the effect of purmorphamine (PUR), a Shh co-receptor Smoothened (Smo) agonist, on postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) rat models. Methods: Eighteen-month-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to intramedullary fixation of a tibial fracture with 7% chloral hydrate anesthesia to mimic human clinical surgery. PUR was administered via an intraperitoneal injection at a dose of 15mg/kg/day for 3 consecutive days at 6 h after surgery. The aged rats were sacrificed after performing a Morris water maze test 1, 3, and 7 days postoperatively to evaluate the expression of related proteins at the appointed time. Results: Compared to the POCD + vehicle group and sham + PUR group, the POCD + PUR group restored neurological deficit (P = 0.01). PUR administration induced upregulation of Shh expression on postoperative day 1 (P = 0.02), which continued on the third day (P = 0.008) but dropped by the 7th day (P = 0.03). Immunofluorescent analysis, similar to western blot analysis, showed a significant increase in the autophagy-marker LC3 (P = 0.006) as well as p62 degradation (P = 0.000) in the dentate gyrus of the aged rats (P = 0.000) after PUR treatment. Importantly, LC3 was mainly found in the presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes of the hippocampus. Conclusions: These results indicate a link between Shh and autophagy in the rat model of POCD, providing new insights into Shh signaling pathway-mediated mechanisms of neuroprotection and cognitive repair after POCD. It also provides a potential entry point for the development of clinical drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Jun Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Gansu Province People's Hospital , LanZhou , China
| | - Ying-Qiang Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Gansu Province People's Hospital , LanZhou , China
| | - Pei-Yan Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology, Gansu Province People's Hospital , LanZhou , China
| | - Ruo-Bing Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Gansu Province People's Hospital , LanZhou , China
| | - Fei Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Gansu Province People's Hospital , LanZhou , China
| | - Xiao-Xue Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Gansu Province People's Hospital , LanZhou , China
| | - Wen-Jun Yan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Gansu Province People's Hospital , LanZhou , China.,Lanzhou University , LanZhou , China
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32
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Wei P, Yang F, Zheng Q, Tang W, Li J. The Potential Role of the NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation as a Link Between Mitochondria ROS Generation and Neuroinflammation in Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:73. [PMID: 30873011 PMCID: PMC6401615 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is commonly observed in perioperative care following major surgery and general anesthesia in elderly individuals. No preventive or interventional agents have been established so far. Although the role of interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-mediated neuroinflammation following surgery and anesthesia is strongly implicated in POCD, the exact mechanism of action remains to be explored. Growing evidence has shown that mitochondria-derived reactive oxygen species (mtROS) are closely linked to IL-1β expression through a redox sensor known as the nod-like receptor pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. Therefore, we hypothesize that the mechanisms underlying POCD involve the mtROS/NLRP3 inflammasome/IL-1β signaling pathway. Furthermore, we speculate that cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway induced by α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (a7nAChR) may be the potential upstream of mtROS/NLRP3 inflammasome/IL-1β signaling pathway in POCD. For validating the hypotheses, we provide experimental plan involving different paradigms namely; microglial cells and behavioral studies. The link between mtROS, the NLRP3 inflammasome, and IL-1β within and between these different stages in combination with mtROS and NLRP3 inflammasome agonists and inhibitors could be explored using techniques, such as knockout mice, small interference ribonucleic acid, flow cytometry, co-immunoprecipitation, and the Morris Water Maze test. We conclude that the NLRP3 inflammasome is a new preventive and therapeutic target for POCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penghui Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Qingdao, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qiang Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenxi Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jianjun Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Qingdao, China
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Gassen NC, Rein T. Is There a Role of Autophagy in Depression and Antidepressant Action? Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:337. [PMID: 31156481 PMCID: PMC6529564 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy has been recognized as evolutionary conserved intracellular pathway that ensures energy, organelle, and protein homeostasis through lysosomal degradation of damaged macromolecules and organelles. It is activated under various stress situations, e.g., food deprivation or proteotoxic conditions. Autophagy has been linked to several diseases, more recently also including stress-related diseases such as depression. A growing number of publications report on the role of autophagy in neurons, also referred to as "neuronal autophagy" on the one hand, and several studies describe effects of antidepressants-or of compounds that exert antidepressant-like actions-on autophagy on the other hand. This minireview highlights the emerging evidence for the involvement of autophagy in the pathology and treatment of depression and discusses current limitations as well as potential avenues for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils C Gassen
- Department of Psychiatry, Bonn Clinical Center, Bonn, Germany.,Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Theo Rein
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
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Tan X, Ye J, Liu W, Zhao B, Shi X, Zhang C, Liu Z, Liu X. Acrylamide aggravates cognitive deficits at night period via the gut-brain axis by reprogramming the brain circadian clock. Arch Toxicol 2018; 93:467-486. [PMID: 30374679 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-018-2340-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Imbalance of the circadian rhythm leads to pathologies including obesity, neurodegenerative diseases, and even cancer. Acrylamide (ACR) is a chronic neurotoxin which can lead to carcinogenicity, reproduction toxicity, teratogenicity, and neurotoxicity. The aim of this study was to reveal a potential mechanism of ACR-triggered neurotoxicity related to circadian clock in mice brain. For this purpose, 80 3-month-old C57/BL6J mice were randomly divided into two groups (n = 40/group): the control group was fed a standard diet (AIN-93M) with pure water, and the ACR group was fed a standard diet (AIN-93M) with 0.003% ACR in drinking water for 16 weeks. In the current study, ACR treatment induced circadian disorder and suppressed the circadian-related protein expressions in mice brain. Furthermore, ACR diet aggravated the cognitive dysfunction and spatial memory loss at night phase. Consistent with these results, ACR caused cognitive defects in the night period by down-regulating the ERK/cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB)/brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling pathways and the expression of synaptosomal-related protein SNAP-25 and PSD-95. Moreover, excessive autophagy phenomenon also occurred in mice hippocampus in the night phase under ACR administration. Of note, ACR stimulated the brain inflammatory reaction via affecting the intestinal barrier integrity and increasing the levels of circulating LPS, IL-1β and TNF-α. Above all, the present research discovered that ACR is a potential circadian-depressing compound that influences cognitive function in mice brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintong Tan
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 2, 712100, Yangling, China
| | - Jin Ye
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 2, 712100, Yangling, China
| | - Weiqi Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 2, 712100, Yangling, China
| | - Beita Zhao
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 2, 712100, Yangling, China
| | - Xu Shi
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 2, 712100, Yangling, China
| | - Chengliang Zhang
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 2, 712100, Yangling, China
| | - Zhigang Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 2, 712100, Yangling, China
| | - Xuebo Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 2, 712100, Yangling, China.
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The abuse of anesthetic propofol: associated with cognitive impairment. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2018; 61:1428-1431. [PMID: 30367344 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-018-9401-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Dapsone protects brain microvascular integrity from high-fat diet induced LDL oxidation. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:683. [PMID: 29880899 PMCID: PMC5992187 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0739-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis was considered to induce many vascular-related complications, such as acute myocardial infarction and stroke. Abnormal lipid metabolism and its peroxidation inducing blood–brain barrier (BBB) leakage were associated with the pre-clinical stage of stroke. Dapsone (DDS), an anti-inflammation and anti-oxidation drug, has been found to have protective effects on vascular. However, whether DDS has a protective role on brain microvessels during lipid oxidation had yet to be elucidated. We investigated brain microvascular integrity in a high-fat diet (HFD) mouse model. We designed this study to explore whether DDS had protective effects on brain microvessels under lipid oxidation and tried to explain the underlying mechanism. In our live optical study, we found that DDS significantly attenuated brain microvascular leakage through reducing serum oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) in HFD mice (p < 0.001), and DDS significantly inhibited LDL oxidation in vitro (p < 0.001). Our study showed that DDS protected tight junction proteins: ZO-1 (p < 0.001), occludin (p < 0.01), claudin-5 (p < 0.05) of microvascular endothelial cells in vivo and in vitro. DDS reversed LAMP1 aggregation in cytoplasm, and decreased the destruction of tight junction protein: ZO-1 in vitro. We first revealed that DDS had a protective role on cerebral microvessels through preventing tight junction ZO-1 from abnormal degradation by autophagy and reducing lysosome accumulation. Our findings suggested the significance of DDS in protecting brain microvessels under lipid metabolic disorders, which revealed a novel potential therapeutic strategy in brain microvascular-related diseases.
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Chung H, Choi J, Park S. Ghrelin protects adult rat hippocampal neural stem cells from excessive autophagy during oxygen-glucose deprivation. Endocr J 2018; 65:63-73. [PMID: 29057768 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej17-0281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Ghrelin functions as a neuroprotective agent and saves neurons from various insults include ischemic injury. However, it remains to be elucidated whether ghrelin protects neuronal cells against ischemic injury-induced excessive autophagy. Autophagy is required for the maintenance of neural stem cell homeostasis. However, regarding autophagic cell death, it is commonly assumed that excessive autophagy leads to self-elimination of mammalian cells. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential neuroprotection effects of ghrelin from excessive autophagy in adult rat hippocampal neural stem cells (NSCs). Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation (OGD) strongly induces autophagy in adult rat hippocampal NSCs. Ghrelin treatment inhibited OGD-induced cell death of adult rat hippocampal NSCs assessed by cell-counting-kit-8 assay. Ghrelin also suppressed OGD-induced excessive autophagy activity. The protective effect of ghrelin was accompanied by an increased expression levels of Bcl-2, p-62 and decreased expression level of LC3-II, Beclin-1 by Western blot. Furthermore, ghrelin reduced autophagosome formation and number of GFP-LC3 transfected puncta. In conclusion, our data suggest that ghrelin protects adult rat hippocampal NSCs from excessive autophagy in experimental stroke (oxygen-glucose deprivation) model. Regulating autophagic activity may be a potential optimizing target for promoting adult rat hippocampal NSCs based therapy for stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunju Chung
- Department of Core Research Laboratory, Clinical Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Korea
| | - Junghyun Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seungjoon Park
- Department of Pharmacology and Medical Research Center for Bioreaction to ROS and Biomedical Science Institute, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
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Cascella M, Bimonte S. The role of general anesthetics and the mechanisms of hippocampal and extra-hippocampal dysfunctions in the genesis of postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Neural Regen Res 2017; 12:1780-1785. [PMID: 29239315 PMCID: PMC5745823 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.219032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a multifactorial process with a huge number of predisposing, causal, and precipitating factors. In this scenario, the neuroinflammation and the microglial activation play a pivotal role by triggering and amplifying a complex cascade involving the immuno-hormonal activation, the micro circle alterations, the hippocampal oxidative stress activation and, finally, an increased blood-brain barrier's permeability. While the role of anesthetics in the POCD's genesis in humans is debated, a huge number of preclinical studies have been conducted on the topic and many mechanisms have been proposed to explain the potential neurodegenerative effects of general anesthetics. Probably, the problem concerns on what we are searching for and how we are searching and, surprisingly, preclinical studies showed that anesthetics may also manifest neuroprotective properties. The aim of this paper is to offer an overview on the potential impact of general anesthetics on POCD. Mechanisms of hippocampal and extra-hippocampal dysfunction due to neuroinflammation are discussed, whereas further research perspectives are also given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Cascella
- Division of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Istituto Nazionale Tumori – IRCCS - Fondazione G. Pascale, Via Mariano Semmola, Naples, Italy
| | - Sabrina Bimonte
- Division of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Istituto Nazionale Tumori – IRCCS - Fondazione G. Pascale, Via Mariano Semmola, Naples, Italy
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